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Mady EA, Osuga H, Toyama H, El-Husseiny HM, Inoue R, Murase H, Yamamoto Y, Nagaoka K. Relationship between the components of mare breast milk and foal gut microbiome: shaping gut microbiome development after birth. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-9. [PMID: 38733121 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2349948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota (GM) is essential for mammalian health. Although the association between infant GM and breast milk (BM) composition has been well established in humans, such a relationship has not been investigated in horses. Hence, this study was conducted to analyze the GM formation of foals during lactation and determine the presence of low-molecular-weight metabolites in mares' BM and their role in shaping foals' GM. The fecal and BM samples from six pairs of foals and mares were subjected to 16S ribosomal RNA metagenomic and metabolomic analyses, respectively. The composition of foal GM changed during lactation time; hierarchical cluster analysis divided the fetal GM into three groups corresponding to different time points in foal development. The level of most metabolites in milk decreased over time with increasing milk yield, while threonic acid and ascorbic acid increased. Further analyses revealed gut bacteria that correlated with changes in milk metabolites; for instance, there was a positive correlation between Bacteroidaceae in the foal's gut microbiota and serine/glycine in the mother's milk. These findings help improve the rearing environment of lactating horses and establish artificial feeding methods for foals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Mady
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Animal Hygiene, Behavior, and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya, Egypt
| | - Haruna Osuga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Toyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hussein M El-Husseiny
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Department of Applied Biological Science, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nagaoka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Li J, Toyama H, Matsumoto T, Qasimi MI, Inoue R, Murase H, Yamamoto Y, Nagaoka K. Changes in fecal microbiota during estrous cycle in healthy thoroughbred mares. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 135:105034. [PMID: 38428754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including the regulation of the reproductive system and steroid sex hormones. Throughout the normal estrous cycle of healthy mares, the levels of estradiol-17β (E2) and progesterone (P4) in the blood exhibit periodic changes. To investigate the relationship between cyclic changes in steroid sex hormones and the gut microbiome of mares, we analyzed the fecal microbiota composition in healthy mares during the typical estrous cycle. Blood and fecal samples from five healthy mares were collected, E2 and P4 levels in serum were analyzed using radioimmunoassay (RIA), and the gut microbiome was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. The overall richness and composition of the gut microbiota remained relatively stable during the normal estrous cycle in mares. The Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size analysis of the microbial composition during the follicular and luteal phases identified the Rhodococcus genus as differentially abundant. These findings indicate that the mare's gut microbiota's significant composition remains consistent throughout the estrous cycle. At the same time, specific low-abundance pathogenic bacteria exhibit changes that align with sexual hormonal fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Li
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Haruka Toyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Touko Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Mohammad Ibrahim Qasimi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Department of Applied Biological Science, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nagaoka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
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3
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Tsogtgerel M, Murase H, Moriyama H, Sato F, Nambo Y. Plasma activin A concentrations during late gestation in Thoroughbred mares with abnormal pregnancies. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 120:104184. [PMID: 36470514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Late-term fetal loss in horses is a major problem in the horse-breeding industry globally. Abnormal pregnancies should be diagnosed as early as possible to prevent abortions and other gestational problems. According to our previous longitudinal study in healthy pregnant mares, the plasma activin A concentration increases as pregnancy progresses. The aim of the present study was to compare plasma activin A concentrations in healthy pregnant Thoroughbred mares (n=40) with those in pregnant mares that suffered fetal loss or showed abnormal symptoms (n=30) during late gestation. This field study found that plasma activin A concentrations were higher in the abnormal group (pregnancy loss, red bag delivery, premature udder development, and vaginal discharge) than the normal group (P < 0.001; cutoff value: ≥ 138.2 pg/mL; sensitivity, 74.4%; specificity, 77.5%). More specifically, plasma activin A concentrations in the "symptom" and "abnormal delivery" subgroups were higher than those in gestational-age-matched normal groups (P < 0.001). Nevertheless, the plasma activin A concentration in the "normal delivery" subgroup was not different from that in the "abnormal delivery" subgroup in samples collected within 10 days before delivery. In conclusion, this study is the first to demonstrate a significantly earlier increase in plasma activin A concentration in abnormal pregnancies of Thoroughbred mares during late gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munkhtuul Tsogtgerel
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan; School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, 17024, Mongolia
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido, 057-0171, Japan
| | | | - Fumio Sato
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, 329-0412, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
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Ali HES, Scoggin K, Murase H, Norris J, Menarim B, Dini P, Ball B. Transcriptomic and histochemical analysis reveal the complex regulatory networks in equine Chorioallantois during spontaneous term labor. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:1296-1310. [PMID: 35913756 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The equine chorioallantois (CA) undergoes complex physical and biochemical changes during labor. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling these changes are still unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to characterize the transcriptome of equine CA during spontaneous labor and compare it to that of normal preterm CA. Placental samples were collected postpartum from mares with normal term labor (TL group, n = 4) and from preterm not in labor mares (330 days GA; PTNL group, n = 4). Our study identified 4137 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (1820 upregulated and 2317 downregulated) in CA during TL as compared to PTNL. TL was associated with the upregulation of several pro-inflammatory mediators (MHC-I, MHC-II, NLRP3, CXCL8, and MIF). Also, TL was associated with the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9) with subsequent extracellular matrix degradation and apoptosis, as reflected by upregulation of several apoptosis-related genes (ATF3, ATF4, FAS, FOS, and BIRC3). In addition, TL was associated with downregulation of 21 transcripts coding for collagens. The upregulation of proteases, along with the downregulation of collagens, is believed to be implicated in separation and rupture of the CA during TL. Additionally, TL was associated with downregulation of transcripts coding for proteins essential for progestin synthesis (SRD5A1 and AKR1C1) and angiogenesis (VEGFA and RTL1), as well as upregulation of prostaglandin synthesis-related genes (PTGS2 and PTGES), which could reflect the physiological switch in placental endocrinology and function during TL. In conclusion, our findings revealed the equine CA gene expression signature in spontaneous labor at term, which improves our understanding of the molecular mechanisms triggering labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam El-Sheikh Ali
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA.,Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Kirsten Scoggin
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Jamie Norris
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Bruno Menarim
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Pouya Dini
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Barry Ball
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
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5
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Murase H, El-Sheikh Ali H, Ruby RE, Scoggin KE, Ball BA. Transcriptomic analysis of the chorioallantois in equine premature placental separation. Equine Vet J 2022; 55:405-418. [PMID: 35622344 DOI: 10.1111/evj.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Equine premature placental separation (PPS) is poorly understood and represents an important risk factor for fetal/neonatal hypoxia. OBJECTIVES To examine transcriptomic changes in the chorioallantois (CA) from mares with clinical PPS compared to the CA from normal foaling mares. Differential gene expression was determined and gene ontology as well as molecular pathways related to PPS were characterised. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case: control study. METHODS CA were collected from Thoroughbred mares with a clinical history of PPS (n=33) and from control Thoroughbred mares (n=4) with normal parturition for examination of transcriptional changes in the placenta associated with PPS. Transcriptomic changes in the villous CA near the cervical star were determined by Illumina® sequencing and subsequent bioinformatic analysis. PPS samples were divided by k-means clustering, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in each PPS cluster were identified by comparing to controls. Shared DEGs between PPS clusters were used for gene ontology analysis and pathway analysis. RESULTS A total of 1204 DEGs were identified between PPS and control. Gene ontology revealed extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell adhesion, and pathway analysis revealed fatty acid, p-53, hypoxia, and inflammation. Eleven key regulator genes of PPS including growth factors (IGF1, TGFB2, TGFB3), transcription factors (HIF1A, JUNB, SMAD3), and transmembrane receptors (FGFR1, TNFRSF1A, TYROBP) were also identified. MAIN LIMITATIONS The use of clinical history of PPS, in the absence of other criteria, may have led to misidentification of some cases as PPS. CONCLUSIONS Transcriptomic analysis indicated that changes in ECM and cell adhesion were important factors in equine PPS. Key predicted upstream events include genes associated with hypoxia, inflammation and growth factors related to the pathogenesis of equine PPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harutaka Murase
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Urakawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hossam El-Sheikh Ali
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Rebecca E Ruby
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kirsten E Scoggin
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Barry A Ball
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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6
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Goto A, Tagami M, Kato F, Suzuki T, Yamaga T, Murase H, Sato F, Tsogtgerel M, Niikura T, Moriyama T, Chiba A, Watanabe KI, Tsuzuki N, Nambo Y. Equine nonneoplastic abnormal ovary in a draft mare with high serum anti-Müllerian hormone: a case study. J Equine Sci 2022; 32:147-151. [PMID: 35023993 PMCID: PMC8731685 DOI: 10.1294/jes.32.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a standing hand-assisted laparoscopic ovariectomy in a draft mare that
presented with high serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level and had an enlarged single
cystic ovary. Histopathological examination revealed no tumor cell proliferation in the
ovary, but the presence of a large ovarian cyst was confirmed. In the diagnosis of
abnormal ovaries in mares, a comprehensive assessment should be performed, including the
monitoring of ovarian morphology and biomarkers over time, to determine the disease
prognosis and treatment plan. The case of this mare with a nonneoplastic abnormal ovary
and increased serum AMH level was rare. We suggest that standing hand-assisted
laparoscopic ovariectomy is useful for the removal of large ovaries in draft mares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Goto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Masaaki Tagami
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.,Shadai Horse Clinic, Hokkaido 059-1361, Japan
| | - Fumiki Kato
- Shadai Horse Clinic, Hokkaido 059-1361, Japan
| | | | | | - Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Fumio Sato
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan.,Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Munkhtuul Tsogtgerel
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.,Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Tadamasa Niikura
- Doctoral Program in Veterinary Medicine, Graduate School of Animal Husbandry, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoe Moriyama
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Akiko Chiba
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Watanabe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Nao Tsuzuki
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.,Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Doctoral Program in Veterinary Medicine, Graduate School of Animal Husbandry, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
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7
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Nishimura F, Kim Y, Bando T, Fujise Y, Nakamura G, Murase H, Kato H. Morphological differences in skulls and feeding apparatuses between Antarctic (Balaenoptera bonaerensis) and common (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) minke whales, and the implication for their feeding ecology. CAN J ZOOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2020-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The differences in rorqual feeding ecology have been linked to the presence of different morphological markers. The Antarctic minke whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis Burmeister, 1867) and the common minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata Lacépède, 1804) are closely related species, but their morphological differences have not been fully investigated. In this study, we compared 21 skull and 11 feeding apparatus (baleen and mouth-related parts) measurement points between these two species using hundreds of individuals covering a wide range of body lengths in both sexes. Their engulfment capacities were estimated using these measurements. Our results show that Antarctic minke whales have (i) proportionally larger skulls to the body length, (ii) more dorsoventrally and laterally curved rostra, (iii) proportionally larger feeding apparatuses to the condylobasal length, and (iv) significantly larger engulfment capacity than common minke whales. These differences could indicate that Antarctic minke whales have developed a feeding strategy suitable for feeding on krill, which forms large schools. In contrast, common minke whales have adapted to prey on small pelagic fishes that are agile and form small schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Nishimura
- Laboratory of Cetacean Biology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Y. Kim
- Laboratory of Cetacean Biology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - T. Bando
- Institute of Cetacean Research, Toyomi Shinko Building 5F, 4-5 Toyomi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0055, Japan
| | - Y. Fujise
- Institute of Cetacean Research, Toyomi Shinko Building 5F, 4-5 Toyomi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0055, Japan
| | - G. Nakamura
- Laboratory of Cetacean Biology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - H. Murase
- Laboratory of Cetacean Biology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - H. Kato
- Laboratory of Cetacean Biology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
- Institute of Cetacean Research, Toyomi Shinko Building 5F, 4-5 Toyomi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0055, Japan
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Tsogtgerel M, Tagami M, Watanabe K, Murase H, Hirosawa Y, Kobayashi Y, Nambo Y. Case report: The case of a 17 kg ovarian granulosa cell tumor in a Breton draft mare. J Equine Sci 2021; 32:67-72. [PMID: 34220274 PMCID: PMC8240524 DOI: 10.1294/jes.32.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulosa cell tumor (GCT) is a benign tumor which affects the mare's ovaries. In this report, a case of unilateral GCT in an ovary, which weighed 17.04 kg, of a 9-year-old Breton draft mare is described. A transrectal ultrasonography exam revealed a unilateral multi-cystic enlarged ovary. Laparoscopic ovariectomy was difficult due to enlargement of blood vessels in the ovarian broad ligament. The mare was necropsied, and the pathological changes in the GCT-affected ovary and unaffected ovary were evaluated. The ovarian mass in the GCT-affected ovary had a cribriform pattern and was positive for anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and its receptor (AMHR2). The contralateral ovary showed no follicular development and was negative for AMH. AMHR2 was positively expressed in stromal cells. The AMH concentration in plasma was 4,210 ng/ml. This is the first report showing the presence of AMH (2,210 ng/ml) in ascites fluid, and it also shows that laparoscopic ovariectomy might not be suitable for larger ovaries affected by a GCT. Ultrasonographic, endocrine, and histopathological analyses were helpful for making a definitive diagnosis of GCT in this mare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munkhtuul Tsogtgerel
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Masaaki Tagami
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.,Shadai Horse Clinic, Shadai Corp., Ltd., Hokkaido 059-1432, Japan
| | - Kenichi Watanabe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Yuko Hirosawa
- Animal Health Division, National Livestock Breeding Center Tokachi Station, Hokkaido 080-0572, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Kobayashi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
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9
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Satake A, Yasuda S, Murase H, Yoshizumi R, Komaki H, Baba S, Kubota T, Ojio S, Nishigaki K, Minatoguchi S, Tanaka T, Okura H, Minatoguchi S. Muse cells, endogenous reparative pluripotent stem cells, are mobilized into the peripheral blood after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Multilineage-differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells, endogenous reparative pluripotent stem cells, are defined as stage-specific embryonic antigen 3+ (SSEA3+) and CD105+ double-positive cells. We previously reported that intravenously injected Muse cells home to the damaged heart and differentiate into cardiomyocytes and vessels, and reduce the infarct size and improve cardiac function in a rabbit model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (Circ Res 2018), and that endogenous Muse cells are mobilized into the peripheral blood in the acute phase of patients with AMI, which improve left ventricular (LV) function and attenuate LV remodeling in the chronic phase at 6 months (Circ J 2018). However, whether Muse cells are mobilized into the peripheral blood after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary artery disease.
Methods
Muse cells in the peripheral blood was measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) as SSEA3+ and CD105+ double-positive cells in patients with coronary artery disease with 75% coronary stenosis who underwent PCI (n=18) with a mean age of 73.0±7.2 (14 male and 4 female). Blood samples were collected from the antecubital vein in patients with coronary artery disease before, and 1 and 24 h after PCI. Since the majority of Muse cells were detected in the monocyte area and few Muse cells if any were detected in the lymphocyte area, we counted the Muse cells in the monocyte area by FACS. The number of Muse cells was expressed as cells per 100 μL of blood, as follows: absolute number of Muse cells (/100 μL) = white blood cells (/100 μL) × monocytes (%) × SSEA3+/CD105+ double-positive cells (%).
Results
Typical case of SSEA3+/CD105+ double-positive Muse cells measured by FACS shows that majority of Muse cells exist in the monocyte area (Fig, 1-A). The number of Muse cells in the peripheral blood was significantly greater (p<0.05) at 1 h (58.6±23.8 /100 μL) or 24 h after PCI (69.7±43.1/100 μL) as compared with that before PCI (46.3±19.0/100 μL) (Fig. 1-B).
Conclusion
Muse cells, endogenous pluripotent stem cells, are mobilized into the peripheral circulating blood 1 h and 24 h after PCI in patients with coronary artery disease. Mobilized Muse cells after PCI might be contributing to repair the damaged coronary artery.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- A Satake
- Gifu Municipal hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - S Yasuda
- Gifu Municipal hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Murase
- Gifu Municipal hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - H Komaki
- Gifu Municipal hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - S Baba
- Gifu Municipal hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Kubota
- Gifu Municipal hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - S Ojio
- Gifu Municipal hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - S Minatoguchi
- Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Tanaka
- Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Okura
- Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
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10
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Kobayashi R, Nagaoka K, Nishimura N, Koike S, Takahashi E, Niimi K, Murase H, Kinjo T, Tsukahara T, Inoue R. Comparison of the fecal microbiota of two monogastric herbivorous and five omnivorous mammals. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13366. [PMID: 32285557 PMCID: PMC7216987 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fecal microbiota in seven different monogastric animal species, elephant, horse, human, marmoset, mouse, pig and, rat were compared using the same analytical protocol of 16S rRNA metagenome. Fecal microbiota in herbivores showed higher alpha diversity than omnivores except for pigs. Additionally, principal coordinate analysis based on weighted UniFrac distance demonstrated that herbivores and pigs clustered together, whereas other animal species were separately aggregated. In view of butyrate- and lactate-producing bacteria, predominant genera were different depending on animal species. For example, the abundance of Faecalibacterium, a known butyrate producer, was 8.02% ± 3.22% in human while it was less than 1% in other animal species. Additionally, Bifidobacterium was a predominant lactate producer in human and marmoset, while it was rarely detected in other omnivores. The abundance of lactate-producing bacteria in herbivores was notably lower than omnivores. On the other hand, herbivores as well as pig possess Fibrobacter, a cellulolytic bacterium. This study demonstrated that fecal microbiota in herbivorous animals is similar, sharing some common features such as higher alpha diversity and higher abundance of cellulolytic bacterium. On the other hand, omnivorous animals seem to possess unique fecal microbiota. It is of interest that pigs, although omnivore, have fecal microbiota showing some common features with herbivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nagaoka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Naomichi Nishimura
- College of Agriculture, Academic Institute, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Koike
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Eiki Takahashi
- Research Resources Division, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan
| | - Kimie Niimi
- Research Resources Division, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Japan Racing Association, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Urakawa-cho, Japan
| | - Teruo Kinjo
- Okinawa Zoo and Museum, Okinawa Zoo Animal Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | - Ryo Inoue
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
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11
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Tsogtgerel M, Komyo N, Murase H, Hannan MA, Watanabe K, Ohtaki T, Tsumagari S, Kawate N, Nambo Y. Serum concentrations and testicular expressions of insulin-like peptide 3 and Anti-Müllerian hormone in normal and cryptorchid male horses. Theriogenology 2020; 154:135-142. [PMID: 32645589 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is an important hormone for testicular descent during embryonic development and a factor for assessing functional status of Leydig cells of testes, but there is limited number of equine studies. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a useful diagnostic marker for cryptorchidism in horses. This study aimed to compare serum concentrations and testicular expression intensity of INSL3 and AMH in intact and cryptorchid male horses. Serum INSL3 concentrations in intact (n = 9; mean ± SEM, 19.9 ± 5.9 ng/mL) and noncastrated unilateral cryptorchid (UC) male horses (n = 16; mean ± SEM, 16.8 ± 4.1 ng/mL) were higher compared with hemicastrated unilateral cryptorchid (HCUC) male horses (n = 9; mean ± SEM, 3.8 ± 0.7 ng/mL) (P < 0.05). And serum INSL3 in bilateral cryptorchid (BC) male horses (n = 4; 1.9 ± 0.4; mean ± SEM, ng/mL) were lower compared with intact male horses (P < 0.05). Serum AMH concentrations in BC male horses (n = 3; mean ± SEM, 30.6 ± 4.8 ng/mL) were higher compared with intact male horses (n = 5; mean ± SEM, 12.2 ± 3.9 ng/mL) (P < 0.05). Immunostaining of scrotal and cryptorchid testis showed that Sertoli cells were positive for AMH, and Leydig cells were positive for INSL3. Staining intensity of AMH was higher in cryptorchid testis than in scrotal testis (P < 0.05). Furthermore, AMH expression intensity was higher in abdominal testis than in inguinal testis (P < 0.05). Immunostaining intensity of INSL3 in the testis was positively correlated with serum INSL3 (r, 0.7; P < 0.01), seminiferous tubule area (r, 0.727; P < 0.01), and Johnsen score for spermatogenesis (r, 0.604; P < 0.05), whereas immunostaining intensity of AMH in the testis was negatively correlated with seminiferous tubule area (r, -0.814; P < 0.01) and Johnsen score for spermatogenesis (r, -0.807; P < 0.01). Our findings suggested that AMH is a good biomarker for diagnosing cryptorchidism in male horses, in addition to INSL3 values to assess the testis of intact and cryptorchid male horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munkhtuul Tsogtgerel
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Nao Komyo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido, 0570-0171, Japan
| | - M A Hannan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Watanabe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Tadatoshi Ohtaki
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Shigehisa Tsumagari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Kawate
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
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12
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Murase H, Ochi A, Tozaki T, Kakoi H, Munkhtuul T, Kurimoto S, Sato F, Hada T. A case of equine cryptorchidism with undetectable serum anti-Müllerian hormone. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 82:209-211. [PMID: 31875577 PMCID: PMC7041977 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a marker of equine cryptorchidism, is detectable in
intact and cryptorchid stallions but not in geldings because it is secreted from Sertoli
cells. A 4-year-old uncastrated Thoroughbred racehorse had no visible testes; therefore,
the horse was considered a bilateral cryptorchidism. However, the serum AMH was
undetectable (<0.08 ng/ml). Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)
stimulating test result indicated that the horse was a gelding. The results of sex
chromosomal analysis and sequence analysis of SRY gene suggested that the
horse was a genetically-intact stallion (X/Y). Only one small degenerative testis was
present in the abdominal cavity. The reasons of undetectable serum AMH levels and negative
response to hCG stimulation might be low numbers of Sertoli and Leydig cells. This study
reports a case of serum AMH-undetectable cryptorchid stallion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-1, Nishicha, Urakawa, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ochi
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Pathobiology, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, 1400-4, Shiba, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan
| | - Teruaki Tozaki
- Genetic Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2, Tsurutamachi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0851, Japan
| | - Hironaga Kakoi
- Genetic Analysis Department, Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, 1731-2, Tsurutamachi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0851, Japan
| | - Tsogtgerel Munkhtuul
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1, Yanagido, Gifu, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Kurimoto
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, 1028, Misono, Ritto, Shiga 520-3085, Japan
| | - Fumio Sato
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-1, Nishicha, Urakawa, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Hada
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-1, Nishicha, Urakawa, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
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Hannan MA, Murase H, Sato F, Tsogtgerel M, Kawate N, Nambo Y. Age related and seasonal changes of plasma concentrations of insulin-like peptide 3 and testosterone from birth to early-puberty in Thoroughbred male horses. Theriogenology 2019; 132:212-217. [PMID: 31029851 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The peripheral blood concentrations of insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) have been detected in many mammalian species, but the level of INSL3 in horse remains unknown. The objectives were to develop a time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) to detect INSL3 concentrations from horse blood as well as to determine the age-related and seasonal changes of plasma concentrations of INSL3 and testosterone from birth to early-puberty in Thoroughbred male horse (n = 11). Monthly blood sample and measurement of body weight, height, chest and cannon bone size were done from birth until 16 mo. The TRFIA and EIA were used to measure plasma concentrations of INSL3 and testosterone, respectively. An increase in mean body weight, height, chest and cannon bone size was observed throughout the study. The monthly blood sampling revealed an increase in mean plasma INSL3 concentrations up to 2 mo, followed by a decreasing and increasing pattern until the end of experiment at 16 mo. A high testosterone level was detected at birth followed by a sharp decrease to basal level within 1 mo, maintained low level up to10 mo before a gradual rise until 16 mo. In case of seasonality, there was no difference in mean plasma INSL3 concentrations between breeding (March to September) and non-breeding (October to February) seasons, whereas a higher (P < 0.001) mean plasma testosterone concentrations in the second breeding season compared to non-breeding season was observed. In age categorized group, an increase (P < 0.01) in mean plasma INSL3 concentrations was noticed at pre-puberty (1-12 mo) and early-puberty (13-16 mo) compared to birth, but a lower (P < 0.001) mean plasma testosterone concentrations was observed at pre-puberty compared to birth and early-puberty. In conclusion, a TRFIA was developed to measure INSL3 levels in horse. An increase in plasma concentrations of INSL3 and testosterone were observed with the advancement of age, whereas for testosterone a very lower level was detected at the non-breeding season than in the second breeding season after birth in Thoroughbred male horse. The INSL3 secretions seemed independent of seasonal influence, at least before puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Hannan
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 525-13 Nishicha Urakawa-Cho, Hokkaido, 057-0171, Japan
| | - Fumio Sato
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 525-13 Nishicha Urakawa-Cho, Hokkaido, 057-0171, Japan; United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Munkhtuul Tsogtgerel
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan; United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Kawate
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan; United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
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14
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Munkhtuul T, Murase H, Ball BA, Habukawa K, Sato F, Watanabe K, Nambo Y. Immunolocalization of anti-Müllerian Hormone and Its Receptor in Granulosa Cell Tumors in Mares. J Equine Vet Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Murase H, Matsui A, Endo Y, Sato F, Hada T. Changes of lying behavior in Thoroughbred foals influenced by age, pasturing time, and weather conditions. J Equine Sci 2018; 29:61-66. [PMID: 30250393 PMCID: PMC6145866 DOI: 10.1294/jes.29.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The lying behavior of Thoroughbred foals on breeding farms was continuously measured
using triaxial accelerometers. Accelerometers were attached on the side of the hind limb
cannon and under the halter of six foals to record triaxial angle data every 10 sec for a
period of 24 hr. Lying behavior was divided into sternal lying and lateral lying based on
head angle. Sampling was performed for two consecutive days each week until weaning.
Sampling periods were divided into two periods on the basis of pasturing time: daytime
pasturing (period A: 7-hr pasturing period, 2–60 days of age) and overnight pasturing
(period B: 19-hr pasturing period, 32–152 days of age). Lying duration and frequency were
longer and higher, respectively, in period A (44.6% of the time and 26.8 ± 7.4 times per
day) than those in period B (27.7% of the time and 15.3 ± 4.2 times per day). In addition,
foals spent more time laterally in period A (48.1% of total lying time) than in period B
(38.9% of total lying time). Foals lie down longer in stalls than in pastures (Period A,
56.3 vs. 16.0%; Period B, 52.5 vs. 21.1%). Lateral lying was also longer in the stall than
in the pasture. Lying duration and frequency changed with age in period A. Wet weather
prevented lying behavior in the pasture. These results suggested that age, weather, and
pasturing time affected the lying behavior of Thoroughbred foals under management at a
breeding farm. Triaxial accelerometers may be useful for monitoring equine lying
behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Akira Matsui
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Endo
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Fumio Sato
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Hada
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
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Munkhtuul T, Murase H, Ball B, Habukawa K, Sato F, Watanabe K, Nambo Y. Localization of AMH and AMHRII in Granulosa Cell Tumor of Thoroughbred Mares. J Equine Vet Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2018.05.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Yamazaki H, Murase H, Ijiri H, Shimamoto T. The Appearance and Destruction of Platelet-Clumping Substance in Serum Added with Trypsin. Thromb Haemost 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1654073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryNo platelet-clumping activity was detected in the serum collected from 10 rabbits. After incubation of the alkalinized serum for 2 to 4 min at 37° C with 1.6 or 3.2 mg/ml of trypsin, platelet-clumping activity was observed in all samples. The strongest response was observed in the serum incubated for 4 min with 3.2 mg/ml of trypsin. After incubation for over 8 min, the clumping activity decreased gradually. At any incubation time, the serum without trypsin or with 0.4 or 6.4 mg/ml of trypsin showed no clumping activity. After the above measurements of the activity, 100 u/ml of heparin was added to the serum and its pH value was adjusted to 5.6. In the serum without trypsin the clumping activity appeared. However, in the active serum with trypsin, the activity remained the same or decreased. The serum acidified to pH 5.6 with heparin, which showed platelet-clumping activity, was incubated at 37° C with 1.6, 3.2 or 6.4 mg/ml of trypsin. After incubation of the serum with 3.2 mg/ml of trypsin for 16 min, the activity was markedly reduced. After incubation with 6.4 mg/ml of trypsin for 2 min, the activity disappeared. After incubation with trypsin, the clumping activity was observed in BaSO4-adsorbed serum but was not observed in serum heated at 56° C for 1 min nor in serum to which EDTA was added in a final concentration of 0.1%. These results suggest that the precursor of the platelet-clumping substance was activated by trypsin, and the platelet-clumping substance and/or its precursor was destroyed by trypsin.
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Murase H, Ball BA, Tangyuenyong S, Watanabe G, Sato F, Hada T, Nambo Y. Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone Concentrations in Mares With Granulosa Cell Tumors Versus Other Ovarian Abnormalities. J Equine Vet Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Satoh M, Higuchi T, Inoue S, Gotoh T, Murase H, Nambo Y. Factors affecting the prognosis for uterine torsion: the effect of treatment based on measurements of serum progesterone and estradiol concentrations after surgery. J Equine Sci 2017; 28:163-167. [PMID: 29270075 PMCID: PMC5735315 DOI: 10.1294/jes.28.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This is a retrospective study of uterine torsion (UT) in seven mares. In two cases, serum progesterone and estradiol concentrations were also investigated. The mare and foal/fetus survival rate was 57% (4/7). Four cases
presented with clockwise torsion, and two cases presented with counterclockwise torsion. The direction was undetermined in one case. The degree of torsion varied. Correction of torsion was performed by ventral midline
celiotomy in all cases. In the two cases with measured hormone levels, elevated levels of P4 were decreased through medication. All mares discharged from the hospital with a live fetus were able to carry a
live fetus. Early diagnosis and treatment of UT increases the possibility of helping mares and foals in cases with acute UT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Satoh
- Hokkaido South Agricultural Mutual Aid Association Mitsuishi Animal Medical Center, Hokkaido 059-3105, Japan
| | - Tohru Higuchi
- Hokkaido South Agricultural Mutual Aid Association Mitsuishi Animal Medical Center, Hokkaido 059-3105, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Hokkaido South Agricultural Mutual Aid Association Mitsuishi Animal Medical Center, Hokkaido 059-3105, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Gotoh
- Hokkaido South Agricultural Mutual Aid Association Mitsuishi Animal Medical Center, Hokkaido 059-3105, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
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Miyakoshi D, Sato F, Murase H, Inoue Y, Shikichi M, Iwata K, Okai K, Ito K, Nambo Y. Foaling rate of mares that were rebred after pregnancy loss in Hidaka, Japan. J Equine Sci 2017; 28:159-161. [PMID: 29270074 PMCID: PMC5735314 DOI: 10.1294/jes.28.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate foaling rates of mares that were rebred after the pregnancy loss in same reproductive season and to examine factors influencing them in Hidaka, Japan. The study included 82
Thoroughbred mares that had experienced pregnancy loss. The foaling rate of the mares that were rebred after pregnancy loss was 57.3%. The foaling rate decreased as the period until detection of pregnancy loss increased.
Aging and lower body condition score of mares decreased the foaling rate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fumio Sato
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Yuji Inoue
- Inoue Horse Clinic, Hokkaido 056-0001, Japan
| | | | - Katsuroku Iwata
- Hidaka Agriculture Mutual Aid Association, Hokkaido 056-0016, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Okai
- Hidaka Agriculture Mutual Aid Association, Hokkaido 056-0016, Japan
| | - Katsumi Ito
- Hidaka Horse Breeders Association, Hokkaido 056-0002, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-0834, Japan
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Sato F, Endo Y, Horiuchi N, Tominari M, Murase H, Ishimaru M, Korosue K. Histopathological findings of apical fracture of the proximal sesamoid bones in young Thoroughbred foals. J Equine Sci 2017; 28:123-126. [PMID: 28955165 PMCID: PMC5608966 DOI: 10.1294/jes.28.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Although radiographic findings at the apical portion of the proximal sesamoid bone (PSB) are often observed in young Thoroughbred foals, conflicting findings, either fractures or apparent secondary ossifications centers, have
been reported. Three cases (aged 2, 5, and 7 weeks) were identified in 30 necropsied foals (0–31 weeks old). Histopathologically, the subchondral trabecular woven bone was fractured and exhibited focal necrosis of woven bone,
fibrin exudate, and/or fibrosis within the foci. In the 7-week-old case, proliferations of chondrocytes were also observed. These findings suggest that the radiographic findings represented a healing process of the apical PSB
fractures associated with the mechanically damaged subchondral trabeculae. Developmental PSB injuries should be taken into consideration during the management of young Thoroughbred foals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Sato
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan.,United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Endo
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Horiuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Pathobiological Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Masataka Tominari
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Ishimaru
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Kenji Korosue
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
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Tangyuenyong S, Sato F, Nambo Y, Murase H, Endo Y, Tanaka T, Nagaoka K, Watanabe G. Comparison of physical body growth and metabolic and reproductive endocrine functions between north and south climates of Japan in trained Thoroughbred yearling horses. J Equine Sci 2017; 28:77-86. [PMID: 28955159 PMCID: PMC5608960 DOI: 10.1294/jes.28.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare body growth, metabolic, and reproductive hormonal changes in trained Thoroughbred yearling horses under different climate conditions with and without light supplementation (LS). Thoroughbred yearlings raised at research centers of the Japan Racing Association in Hokkaido (north) or Miyazaki (south) were divided into control and LS groups. In the LS groups, 44 colts and 47 fillies from Hokkaido and 11 colts and 11 fillies from Miyazaki were exposed to LS with an extended photoperiod of 14.5 hr of daylight and 9.5 hr of darkness. One week before and once a month after LS, circulating total thyroxine (T4), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1), prolactin (PRL), cortisol, and progesterone (P4) concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay and fluoroimmunoassay, respectively. Growth parameters, including body weight, height, girth, and cannon bone circumferences, were measured monthly. Hair coat (HC) condition was scored. Under natural conditions, the T4 concentrations of Hokkaido yearlings tended to be higher, whereas the IGF-1 (colt) and PRL levels were significantly lower than those of yearlings in Miyazaki. Growth parameters and HC scores were lower in Hokkaido yearlings. With LS, the PRL and P4 concentrations in Hokkaido and Miyazaki were higher, and the first ovarian activity tended to be earlier than in the controls. Only LS Hokkaido yearlings showed significantly higher HC scores than the controls. Comparing the different climates among the LS yearlings, the levels of PRL and P4 and the HC scores in Hokkaido yearlings increased and reached levels similar to those in Miyazaki yearlings. The body weight and girth increment percentages of Hokkaido yearlings in January dramatically decreased and then eventually increased to levels similar to those of Miyazaki yearlings. This suggested that yearlings in naturally colder Hokkaido exhibit higher basal metabolism to maintain homeostasis. However, providing LS may help to improve growth and early development of reproductive function in Hokkaido yearlings to levels equal to those of Miyazaki horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriwan Tangyuenyong
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Fumio Sato
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-0834, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Endo
- Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Tomomi Tanaka
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Reproduction, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nagaoka
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Gen Watanabe
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Murase H, Miyazawa M, Harada T, Ozawa M, Sato F, Hada T. Aborted fetal sizes of Thoroughbred horses in Hidaka, Japan, between 2005 and 2015. J Equine Sci 2017; 28:47-53. [PMID: 28721123 PMCID: PMC5506449 DOI: 10.1294/jes.28.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The degree of fetal growth restriction has been unclear in equine reproduction. In this study, 2,195 fetuses from 2,137 abortions during 11 seasons were examined to determine the causes of abortion, and fetal size dimensions
(crown rump length and body weight) were measured. In total, 900 cases (42.1%) of abortion were identified as caused by viral infection (215, 10.1%), bacterial infection (156, 7.3%), fungal infection (25, 1.2%), circulation
failure (406, 19.0%), multiple causes (66, 3.1%), deformity (13, 0.6%), placental abnormality (12, 0.6%), and other causes (7, 0.3%). All viral infections originated from equine herpes virus. Of all abortions, 94.3% occurred
between 181–360 days of pregnancy, and the gestational ages at abortion were different based on the causes. Fetal sizes in viral abortions were considerably larger than those due to other reasons. Compared with viral infection,
the crown rump length size dimension of fetuses aborted from multiple and fungal infection was affected. In addition, bacterial infection, circulation failure, and unknown causes of abortions also contributed to growth restriction
in terms of body weight. In conclusion, the present study showed details of equine abortion and the relationships between causes of abortion and fetal size. Most of the aborted fetuses showed restrictions in their growth. The
manifestations of growth restriction were more related to weight than skeletal length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Masaki Miyazawa
- Hokkaido Hidaka Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Hokkaido 056-0003, Japan
| | - Takehiro Harada
- Hokkaido Hidaka Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Hokkaido 056-0003, Japan
| | - Midori Ozawa
- Hokkaido Hidaka Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Hokkaido 056-0003, Japan
| | - Fumio Sato
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Hada
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
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Sato F, Tanabe T, Murase H, Tominari M, Kawai M. Application of a wearable GPS unit for examining interindividual distances in a herd of Thoroughbred dams and their foals. J Equine Sci 2017; 28:13-17. [PMID: 28400702 PMCID: PMC5383626 DOI: 10.1294/jes.28.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Global positioning system (GPS) units are now lightweight and compact. They have proven useful for analyzing the behavioral characteristics of horses in
pastures. Because the GPS records data in latitude and longitude, it may be feasible to calculate the distance between GPS units. The present study aimed to
confirm the applicability of GPS units in behavioral studies on horses. For this, we analyzed the accuracy of the distances calculated from GPS units using
Hubeny’s distance formula and of the monthly changes in interindividual distances obtained from GPS units worn by Thoroughbred dams and their foals in a pasture
until weaning. The calculated inter-GPS distances were highly accurate. The regression line was linear, and the squared correlation coefficient (r2)
was 0.9998. During the first month of age, the interindividual dam–dam and foal–foal distances were significantly greater than the dam–foal distance. During the
second month of age, the dam–foal distance increased once and gradually decreased up to the fifth month of age. During the sixth month of age, the dam–foal
distance was significantly greater than the foal–foal distance. The GPS distances calculated using Hubeny’s distance formula were useful for analyzing changes
in interindividual distances in a herd of Thoroughbred dams and their foals. Most likely, calculation of the distance between GPS units worn on equine head
collars is likely to become a very useful tool as an objective index for quantifying equine behavioral observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Sato
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan; United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Tomoki Tanabe
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Division of Biosphere Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Masataka Tominari
- Department of Equine Breeding Science, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Masahito Kawai
- Shizunai Livestock Farm, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 056-0141, Japan
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Sato F, Tominari M, Murase H, Ishimaru M, Yusa S, Nakanishi S, Tozaki T. Verification of a Pregnancy by the First Mated Stallion in Successive Estrus Cycles After Stallion Change by DNA Parentage Testing. J Equine Vet Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Murase H, Niwa H, Katayama Y, Sato F, Hada T, Nambo Y. A clinical case of equine fungal placentitis with reference to hormone profiles and ultrasonography. J Equine Sci 2016; 26:129-33. [PMID: 26858578 PMCID: PMC4739143 DOI: 10.1294/jes.26.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal placentitis is an infectious disease inducing abortion in pregnant mares. In the present report, we
describe a field case of abortion caused by fungal placentitis with consecutive examinations. The progesterone
level and combined thickness of the uterus and placenta (CTUP) were abnormal before the onset of clinical
signs. Additionally, the estradiol level started to change before the appearance of clinical signs. Abnormal
serum amyloid A values and an abnormal fetal heart rate were observed after the onset of clinical signs. The
present report demonstrates that the progesterone level and CTUP may be adequate as early diagnostic markers
of fungal placentitis and bacterial infection. Endocrinological evaluation based on cutoff values or serial
measurements were also useful for early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Niwa
- Epizootic Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Katayama
- Epizootic Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan
| | - Fumio Sato
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Hada
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
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Takahashi Y, Akai M, Murase H, Nambo Y. Seasonal changes in serum progesterone levels in Thoroughbred racehorses in training. J Equine Sci 2016; 26:135-9. [PMID: 26858579 PMCID: PMC4739144 DOI: 10.1294/jes.26.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to verify the seasonal luteal activity of racehorses in training in
Japan from March to August. We allocated 102 horses into a luteal activity group and non-luteal activity
group. The luteal activity group included horses with serum progesterone levels that were consistently >1
ng/ml and changed by ± 1 ng/ml. In contrast, the progesterone levels of the non-luteal activity group were
consistently <1 ng/ml. In late spring (from May 1 to June 30) and summer (from July 1 to August 31), the
percentage of horses in the luteal activity group was significantly higher than in early spring (from March 1
to April 30, P<0.01). These findings demonstrate clear seasonal variations in ovarian activity. The present
study also suggest that training for a race may not affect ovarian activity in female racehorses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Takahashi
- Racehorse Clinic, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga 520-3085, Japan; Present address: Sports Science Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 320-0856, Japan
| | - Makoto Akai
- Racehorse Clinic, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga 520-3085, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
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Sato F, Omura T, Ishimaru M, Endo Y, Murase H, Yamashita E. Effects of Daily Astaxanthin and L-Carnitine Supplementation for Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Training Thoroughbred Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tsujimura K, Murase H, Bannai H, Nemoto M, Yamanaka T, Kondo T. Efficacy of five commercial disinfectants and one anionic surfactant against equine herpesvirus type 1. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 77:1545-8. [PMID: 26074409 PMCID: PMC4667681 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the influences of various reaction conditions on equine
herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) disinfection by 5 commercial disinfectants (3 quaternary
ammonium compounds [QACs] and 2 chlorine-based disinfectants) and 1 anionic surfactant.
QACs at their highest recommended concentrations had no virucidal effect on EHV-1 with a
10-min reaction time at 0°C or a 1-min reaction time at room temperature. Chlorine-based
disinfectants achieved EHV-1 disinfection with a 10-min reaction time at −10°C or a 30-sec
reaction time at room temperature. In the presence of 5% fetal bovine serum, QACs (except
for benzalkonium chloride) showed more stable virucidal effects than did chlorine-based
disinfectants. The virucidal effect of the anionic surfactant was almost equivalent to
that of the QACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Tsujimura
- Epizootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association,1400-4 Shiba, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan
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Sato F, Shibata R, Shikichi M, Ito K, Murase H, Ueno T, Furuoka H, Yamada K. Rupture of the gastrocnemius muscle in neonatal thoroughbred foals: a report of three cases. J Equine Sci 2014; 25:61-4. [PMID: 25320553 PMCID: PMC4190065 DOI: 10.1294/jes.25.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rupture of the gastrocnemius muscle is occasionally found in neonatal foals associated with dystocia and assisted delivery. In
this report, 3 cases of gastrocnemius muscle disruption in newborn Thoroughbred foals (6, 5 and 2 days old) are reported. In all
cases, the foals were presented with inability to rise unassisted postpartum, a dropped tarsus and swelling in the caudal aspect
of the thigh accompanied by a hematoma. Ultrasonography, radiography, computerized tomography (CT) and subsequent autopsy were
performed to confirm the clinical and pathological features of these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Sato
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Ryo Shibata
- Hidaka Horse Breeders Association, Hokkaido 056-0002, Japan
| | | | - Katsumi Ito
- Hidaka Horse Breeders Association, Hokkaido 056-0002, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Takanori Ueno
- Epizootic Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan
| | - Hidehumi Furuoka
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Yamada
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
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Korosue K, Endo Y, Murase H, Ishimaru M, Nambo Y, Sato F. The cross-sectional area changes in digital flexor tendons and suspensory ligament in foals by ultrasonographic examination. Equine Vet J 2014; 47:548-52. [PMID: 25124717 DOI: 10.1111/evj.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Flexural deformities are common conditions of growing horses and are suggested to have a relationship with the contraction of musculotendinous units. However, limited studies have documented the changes in each tendon and ligament in the metacarpal region with age. OBJECTIVES To investigate the changes in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of each tendon and ligament in the metacarpal region with age by ultrasonographic examination. STUDY DESIGN Longitudinal study of foals from Day 1 to age 24 months. METHODS The CSA of the superficial digital flexor tendon, deep digital flexor tendon, accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon and suspensory ligament was measured by ultrasonographic examination at monthly intervals from Day 1 to age 24 months in 7 Thoroughbred foals. RESULTS Changes in superficial digital flexor CSA in all regions were larger than those of other structures from 10 months to 15 months. The suspensory ligament CSA was significantly larger than those of other structures on Day 1 in both the region of suspensory origin (RSO) and region of suspensory body (RSBO). This condition continued until 2 months in the RSO and until 5 months in the RSBO. The changes in deep digital flexor CSA were larger than those of other structures from 2 to 5 months in both the RSO and RSBO. CONCLUSIONS The rate of change in each structure varies with age. Thus, the functional adaptation with age that takes place may differ among structures because the primary function of each structure differs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Korosue
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Y Endo
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - H Murase
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - M Ishimaru
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Y Nambo
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - F Sato
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
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Onoda T, Yamamoto R, Sawamura K, Murase H, Nambo Y, Inoue Y, Matsui A, Miyake T, Hirai N. An approach of estimating individual growth curves for young thoroughbred horses based on their birthdays. J Equine Sci 2014; 25:29-35. [PMID: 25013356 PMCID: PMC4090356 DOI: 10.1294/jes.25.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose an approach of estimating individual growth curves based on the birthday information of Japanese Thoroughbred horses,
with considerations of the seasonal compensatory growth that is a typical characteristic of seasonal breeding animals. The
compensatory growth patterns appear during only the winter and spring seasons in the life of growing horses, and the meeting point
between winter and spring depends on the birthday of each horse. We previously developed new growth curve equations for Japanese
Thoroughbreds adjusting for compensatory growth. Based on the equations, a parameter denoting the birthday information was added
for the modeling of the individual growth curves for each horse by shifting the meeting points in the compensatory growth periods.
A total of 5,594 and 5,680 body weight and age measurements of Thoroughbred colts and fillies, respectively, and 3,770 withers
height and age measurements of both sexes were used in the analyses. The results of predicted error difference and Akaike
Information Criterion showed that the individual growth curves using birthday information better fit to the body weight and
withers height data than not using them. The individual growth curve for each horse would be a useful tool for the feeding
managements of young Japanese Thoroughbreds in compensatory growth periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Onoda
- Comparative Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ryuta Yamamoto
- The Japan Bloodhorse Breeders' Association, Tokyo 105-0004, Japan
| | | | - Harutaka Murase
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Inoue
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Akira Matsui
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 320-0856, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyake
- Comparative Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Hirai
- Comparative Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Murase H, Endo Y, Tsuchiya T, Kotoyori Y, Shikichi M, Ito K, Sato F, Nambo Y. Ultrasonographic evaluation of equine fetal growth throughout gestation in normal mares using a convex transducer. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 76:947-53. [PMID: 24662520 PMCID: PMC4143655 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.13-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It has not been common to perform regular ultrasound examination of the fetus in equine practice, due to the increasing volume of the uterus caused by fetal development. The convex three-dimensional transducer is bulb-shaped and is able to observe wide areas. In addition, its operation is simple, making it easy to create appropriate angles for various indices using a transrectal approach. The aim of this study was to measure Thoroughbred fetal growth indices throughout gestation using a convex transducer and to clarify the detectable period of some indices for clinical use. We demonstrated changes in fetal indices, such as crown rump length (CRL), fetal heart rate (FHR), fetal eye and kidney and the combined thickness of uterus and placenta (CTUP). CTUP increased from 30 weeks of gestation, and FHR peaked at 8 weeks and then decreased to term. CRL could be observed until 13 weeks due to its wide angle, longer than in previous reports. Fetal eye and kidney could be observed from 10 and 28 weeks, respectively, and these increased with pregnancy progress. The present results showed the advantage of transrectal examination using a convex transducer for evaluation of normal fetal development. Although ultrasonographic examination in mid- to late-gestation is not common in equine reproductive practice, our comprehensive results would be a useful basis for equine pregnancy examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Nishicha, Urakawa-cho, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
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Shikichi M, Iwata K, Ito K, Murase H, Sato F, Korosue K, Nagata S, Nambo Y. Diagnosis of abnormal pregnancy by serum progestins and estrogens in late pregnant mares. J Equine Vet Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2013.10.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Onoda T, Yamamoto R, Sawamura K, Murase H, Nambo Y, Inoue Y, Matsui A, Miyake T, Hirai N. Empirical Percentile Growth Curves with Z-scores Considering Seasonal Compensatory Growths for Japanese Thoroughbred Horses. J Equine Sci 2013; 24:63-9. [PMID: 24834004 PMCID: PMC4013990 DOI: 10.1294/jes.24.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Percentile growth curves are often used as a clinical indicator to evaluate variations of children's growth status. In this study, we propose empirical percentile growth curves using Z-scores adapted for Japanese Thoroughbred horses, with considerations of the seasonal compensatory growth that is a typical characteristic of seasonal breeding animals. We previously developed new growth curve equations for Japanese Thoroughbreds adjusting for compensatory growth. Individual horses and residual effects were included as random effects in the growth curve equation model and their variance components were estimated. Based on the Z-scores of the estimated variance components, empirical percentile growth curves were constructed. A total of 5,594 and 5,680 body weight and age measurements of male and female Thoroughbreds, respectively, and 3,770 withers height and age measurements were used in the analyses. The developed empirical percentile growth curves using Z-scores are computationally feasible and useful for monitoring individual growth parameters of body weight and withers height of young Thoroughbred horses, especially during compensatory growth periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Onoda
- Comparative Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ryuta Yamamoto
- The Japan Bloodhorse Breeders' Association, 4-5-4 Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0004, Japan
| | - Kyohei Sawamura
- JRA Facilities Co. Ltd., 4-5-4 Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0004, Japan
| | - Harutaka Murase
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Nissha, Urakawa-cho, Hidaka, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Nissha, Urakawa-cho, Hidaka, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Inoue
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Nissha, Urakawa-cho, Hidaka, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Akira Matsui
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, 321-4 Tokami-cho, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0856, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyake
- Comparative Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Hirai
- Comparative Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Aoki T, Inoue Y, Murase H, Asai Y, Nambo Y, Ishii M. Relationship Between Fertility at Foal Heat and Blood Biochemistry Parameters Monitored During the Peripartum Period in Thoroughbred Mares. J Equine Vet Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Onoda T, Yamamoto R, Sawamura K, Inoue Y, Murase H, Nambo Y, Tozaki T, Matsui A, Miyake T, Hirai N. Empirical growth curve estimation considering multiple seasonal compensatory growths of body weights in Japanese Thoroughbred colts and fillies. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:5599-604. [PMID: 24085406 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-6523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoroughbred horses are seasonal mating animals, and their foals are born yearly in spring seasons. In northern regions or countries, the foals generally show a typical seasonal compensatory growth pattern, where their growth rate declines in winter and increases in the next spring. In this study, a new empirical approach is proposed to adjust for this compensatory growth when growth curve equations are estimated, by using BW of Japanese Thoroughbred colts and fillies raised in Hidaka, Hokkaido. Based on the traditional Richards growth curve equation, new growth curve equations were developed and fit to the weight-age data. The foals generally experience 2 major winter seasons before their debut in horseracing. The new equations had sigmoid subfunctions that can empirically adjust the first and second year compensatory growths, combined with the Richards biological parameter responsible for the maturity of animals. The unknown parameters included in the equations were estimated by SAS NLMIXED procedure. The goodness-of-fit was examined by using several indices of goodness-of-fit (i.e., Akaike's information criterion, Bayesian information criterion, -2 log likelihood, and residual sum of squares) for the multiple applications of the subfunctions. The indices indicated the best fit of the new equations including both subfunctions for the first and second compensatory growths to the weight-age data. The shapes of the growth curves were improved during the periods of compensatory growth. The proposed method is one of the useful approaches for adjusting multiple seasonal compensatory growths in growth curve estimations of Thoroughbreds and for the management of young horses during the compensatory periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Onoda
- Comparative Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Korosue K, Murase H, Sato F, Ishimaru M, Watanabe G, Harada T, Taya K, Nambo Y. Changes in Serum Concentrations of Prolactin, Progestagens, and Estradiol-17β and Biochemical Parameters During Peripartum in an Agalactic Mare. J Equine Vet Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2012.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
Zinc is one of the essential microelements involved in the regulation of enzyme activity, as well as metabolism of nucleic acid and proteins. There have been few reports on equine serum zinc concentrations during the training period, and little is known about the relationship between zinc levels and diseases in horses. In this study, we measured serum zinc levels in healthy Thoroughbred racehorses, as well as in other horses, under general disease or training conditions. The reference value for serum zinc levels in Thoroughbred horses was 41-79 μg/dl. There were no differences in serum zinc levels due to sex or age. Significant decreases in serum zinc levels were observed after training, but serum zinc levels did not vary with intensity of sweating. Serum zinc levels were lower in horses clinically diagnosed as having shipping fever (36.3 ± 2.7 μg/dl), fever (45.3 ± 3.0 μg/dl) and cellulitis (44.0 ± 3.4 μg/dl), as compared to control values (59.7 ± 9.7 μg/dl). They also tended to decrease in experimentally infected horses one day after inoculation. Changes in serum zinc levels reached nadir one day after surgical invasion, except for a horse that experienced complicating shock. These results suggest that zinc is a serological indicator of inflammatory status in Thoroughbred horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harutaka Murase
- Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Nishicha, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
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Korosue K, Murase H, Sato F, Ishimaru M, Kotoyori Y, Tsujimura K, Nambo Y. Comparison of pH and refractometry index with calcium concentrations in preparturient mammary gland secretions of mares. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2013; 242:242-8. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.242.2.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sato F, Hirota K, Tozaki T, Ito K, Dhakal P, Taya K, Endo Y, Murase H, Nambo Y. A case of ambiguous external genitalia in a Thoroughbred male horse with the 63,XO/64,XY mosaic karyotype. J Vet Med Sci 2012; 74:1327-31. [PMID: 22672839 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.11-0473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A Thoroughbred colt with ambiguous external genitalia was presented for clinical and histological examinations. The colt had a short penis that faced backward between his hind limbs. The measurements of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone and ir-inhibin showed a tendency to increase gradually from April. Both the sex-determining region of the Y chromosome and amelogenin gene fragments were detected by the PCR method. A cytogenetic analysis revealed the 63,XO/64,XY mosaic karyotype (ratio 83:17). In autopsy, immature symmetrical subcutaneous testes were found in the inguinal regions. The testes and other accessory sex organs were histologically normal. These results add to our knowledge of chromosomal abnormality and information concerning disorders of sex development in the horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Sato
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Nishicha, Urakawa, Hokkaido, Japan.
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Endo Y, Tsuchiya T, Sato F, Murase H, Omura T, Korosue K, Nambo Y, Ishimaru M, Wakui Y. Efficacy of omeprazole paste in the prevention of gastric ulcers in 2 years old Thoroughbreds. J Vet Med Sci 2012; 74:1079-81. [PMID: 22498926 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.11-0545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevalence of equine gastric ulcer syndrome in 85 young Thoroughbreds was investigated. The presence of gastric ulcers was confirmed in 27.1% (23/85) of the horses by endoscopic examination. Sixty-two horses without gastric ulcers were allocated randomly to either the treated group (31 horses) or sham-dosed control group (31 horses) in order to investigate the efficacy of omeprazole oral paste in the prevention of gastric ulcers. At the second endoscopic examination conducted after 28 days of administration, only 1 horse in the treated group developed gastric ulcers, while 12 horses developed gastric ulcers in the control group. Based on these data, the efficacy of omeprazole in prevention of equine gastric ulcers in young Thoroughbreds during the training period was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Endo
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Nishicha, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan.
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Korosue K, Murase H, Sato F, Ishimaru M, Harada T, Watanabe G, Taya K, Nambo Y. Successful induction of lactation in a barren Thoroughbred mare: growth of a foal raised on induced lactation and the corresponding maternal hormone profiles. J Vet Med Sci 2012; 74:995-1002. [PMID: 22467072 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.12-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that a barren parous Thoroughbred mare with lactation induced by hormonal treatment can be introduced to an orphan foal at the same farm and that the mare can become pregnant after the end of the hormonal treatment. An additional purpose was to investigate the changes in the plasma concentrations of prolactin, estradiol-17β, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone before, during, and after hormonal treatment. The difference in body weight between the adopted foal and the control foals, which were at the same farm and raised by their natural mothers, was 17 kg at 24 weeks old, when the foals were weaned. However, the adopted foal and the control foals had almost the same weight at 35 weeks old and later. The first ovulation after hormonal treatment was confirmed 10 days after the end of hormonal treatment and then the normal estrous cycle resumed. Furthermore, the changes in plasma progesterone, estradiol-17β, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone showed regular patterns after the first ovulation. Conception was confirmed in the fifth ovulation. Meanwhile, another study demonstrated that conception was confirmed in the first ovulation after hormonal treatment. The present study is the first to demonstrate the hormonal profiles during and after induction of lactation in a Thoroughbred mare. This approach is useful for solving the economic and epidemic problems of introducing a nurse mare to an orphan foal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Korosue
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Aza-Nishicha, Urakawa-gun, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan.
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Kotoyori Y, Yokoo N, Ito K, Murase H, Sato F, Korosue K, Nambo Y. Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging of the equine fetus. Theriogenology 2011; 77:1480-6. [PMID: 22192400 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to assess the optimal procedure for real-time, three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound (US) imaging for assessing the equine fetus during the first half of gestation and the possibility of using 3D US imaging of the equine fetus in clinical applications. Seventeen pregnant mares were examined by 3D US between Days 35 and 180 of gestation. Abdominal and endo-vaginal real-time 3D transducers used in human medicine were used for transrectal and transvaginal examinations, respectively. Images were recorded by both 3D stationary and real-time movies. In a comparison of four methods, transrectal examination with a bulb-shaped abdominal 3D transducer enabled the equine fetus to be clearly visualized, and did not require sedation of the mare. Therefore, this approach was the most suitable procedure for examining equine fetuses during the first half of gestation. Each scan required only a few seconds and an entire examination took <10 min in total. The 3D volume image was easy to restore after the examination and could be rotated to any angle the examiner desired. Fetal surface structures, including the head, body, limbs, and genital tubercle, were observed as 3D images which enabled fetal development to be characterized. For early (Days 60-70), but not later (Days 90-150) periods, 3D ultrasonography was not able to evaluate fetal structure in detail as well as conventional 2D ultrasonography. In conclusion, 3D ultrasonography of the equine fetus was a valuable adjunct to 2D ultrasonography and a convenient modality for more detailed assessment of fetal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kotoyori
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
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Shadyro OI, Edimecheva IP, Glushonok GK, Ostrovskaya NI, Polozov GI, Murase H, Kagiya T. Effects of Phenolic Compounds on Reactions Involving Various Organic Radicals. Free Radic Res 2009; 37:1087-97. [PMID: 14703798 DOI: 10.1080/10715760310001600417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of effects produced by 26 various phenol and diphenol derivatives, including industrial and natural antioxidants (ionol, bis-phenol 2246, alpha-tocopherol), on final product yields of radiation-induced free-radical processes involving peroxyl, alkyl, alpha-hydroxyalkyl and alpha,beta-dihydroxyalkyl radicals has been performed. Ionol and bis-phenol 2246 have been shown to be more effective than alpha-tocopherol or diphenol derivatives in suppressing hydrocarbon oxidation processes. At the same time, alpha-tocopherol and its water-soluble analogues, as well as diphenol-based substances, are more effective than phenol derivatives in regulating various homolytic processes involving carbon-centered radicals. This fact can be accounted for by taking into consideration the contribution to formation of the final product set and the respective yields made by semiquinone radicals and compounds with quinoid structure arising in the course of homolytic transformations in systems containing diphenol derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- O I Shadyro
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Leningradskaya St., 14, 220050 Minsk, Republic of Belarus.
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Ishida H, Takahashi T, Ide I, Murase H. Generation of templates for low-resolution text recognition using a hypothesis graph. Pattern Recognit Image Anal 2008. [DOI: 10.1134/s1054661808040159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ondimu S, Murase H. Image Processing and Roughness Analysis as a Tool for Quantification of Physiological Well-Being in plants: Results for Sunagoke Moss. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3182/20080706-5-kr-1001.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Idehara T, Tsuchiya H, Agusu L, Mitsudo S, Murase H, Mori H, Kanemaki T, Saito T. Development of a THz gyrotron with 20 T pulsed magnet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/51/1/125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Toyoda M, Murase H, Imai T, Naotsuka H, Kobayashi A, Takano K, Ohkuma K. SF6 Reclaimer from SF6/ N2 Mixtures by Gas Separation with Molecular Sieving Effect. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1109/mper.2002.4312308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ikeda Y, Mochizuki Y, Nakamura Y, Dohi K, Matsumoto H, Jimbo H, Hayashi M, Matsumoto K, Yoshikawa T, Murase H, Sato K. Protective effect of a novel vitamin E derivative on experimental traumatic brain edema in rats--preliminary study. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2001; 76:343-5. [PMID: 11450040 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6346-7_71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen free radicals have been proposed to be one of the major mechanisms of secondary brain damage in traumatic brain injury. Protective effect by vitamin E against oxidative damage has attracted much attention. Recent studies have demonstrated a novel vitamin E derivative, 2-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)methyl-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-6-ol (TMG), has excellent water-solubility and antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate protective effects of TMG on experimental traumatic brain edema (BE). Male Wistar rats were anaesthetized with chloral hydrate. Traumatic BE was produced by a cortical freezing lesion. Animals were separated into three groups: saline-treated rats (n = 4), TMG-treated (4 mg/kg) rats (n = 7) and TMG-treated (40 mg/kg) rats (n = 8). Saline or TMG was administered intravenously before lesion production. Animals were sacrificed at 6 hours after lesion production and the brain water content was determined by the dry-wet weight method. Half-life of TMG after intravenous administration of TMG was also investigated. The half life of TMG was approximately 5 minutes. TMG (40 mg/kg) significantly attenuated BE following cryogenic brain injury (p < 0.01). In conclusion, this preliminary study has demonstrated that a novel vitamin E derivative might be promising in the treatment of traumatic BE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ikeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo
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