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O'Connor JH, McNamara HA, Cai Y, Coupland LA, Gardiner EE, Parish CR, McMorran BJ, Ganusov VV, Cockburn IA. Interactions with Asialo-Glycoprotein Receptors and Platelets Are Dispensable for CD8 + T Cell Localization in the Murine Liver. J Immunol 2022; 208:2738-2748. [PMID: 35649630 PMCID: PMC9308657 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2101037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Liver-resident CD8+ T cells can play critical roles in the control of pathogens, including Plasmodium and hepatitis B virus. Paradoxically, it has also been proposed that the liver may act as the main place for the elimination of CD8+ T cells at the resolution of immune responses. We hypothesized that different adhesion processes may drive residence versus elimination of T cells in the liver. Specifically, we investigated whether the expression of asialo-glycoproteins (ASGPs) drives the localization and elimination of effector CD8+ T cells in the liver, while interactions with platelets facilitate liver residence and protective function. Using murine CD8+ T cells activated in vitro, or in vivo by immunization with Plasmodium berghei sporozoites, we found that, unexpectedly, inhibition of ASGP receptors did not inhibit the accumulation of effector cells in the liver, but instead prevented these cells from accumulating in the spleen. In addition, enforced expression of ASGP on effector CD8+ T cells using St3GalI-deficient cells lead to their loss from the spleen. We also found, using different mouse models of thrombocytopenia, that severe reduction in platelet concentration in circulation did not strongly influence the residence and protective function of CD8+ T cells in the liver. These data suggest that platelets play a marginal role in CD8+ T cell function in the liver. Furthermore, ASGP-expressing effector CD8+ T cells accumulate in the spleen, not the liver, prior to their destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H O'Connor
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- Australian National University Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Hayley A McNamara
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Yeping Cai
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Lucy A Coupland
- Division of Genome Science and Cancer, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia; and
| | - Elizabeth E Gardiner
- Division of Genome Science and Cancer, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia; and
| | - Christopher R Parish
- Division of Genome Science and Cancer, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia; and
| | - Brendan J McMorran
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Vitaly V Ganusov
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
| | - Ian A Cockburn
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia;
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McNamara HA, Lahoud MH, Cai Y, Durrant-Whyte J, O'Connor JH, Caminschi I, Cockburn IA. Splenic Dendritic Cells and Macrophages Drive B Cells to Adopt a Plasmablast Cell Fate. Front Immunol 2022; 13:825207. [PMID: 35493521 PMCID: PMC9039241 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.825207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon encountering cognate antigen, B cells can differentiate into short-lived plasmablasts, early memory B cells or germinal center B cells. The factors that determine this fate decision are unclear. Past studies have addressed the role of B cell receptor affinity in this process, but the interplay with other cellular compartments for fate determination is less well understood. Moreover, B cell fate decisions have primarily been studied using model antigens rather than complex pathogen systems, which potentially ignore multifaceted interactions from other cells subsets during infection. Here we address this question using a Plasmodium infection model, examining the response of B cells specific for the immunodominant circumsporozoite protein (CSP). We show that B cell fate is determined in part by the organ environment in which priming occurs, with the majority of the CSP-specific B cell response being derived from splenic plasmablasts. This plasmablast response could occur independent of T cell help, though gamma-delta T cells were required to help with the early isotype switching from IgM to IgG. Interestingly, selective ablation of CD11c+ dendritic cells and macrophages significantly reduced the splenic plasmablast response in a manner independent of the presence of CD4 T cell help. Conversely, immunization approaches that targeted CSP-antigen to dendritic cells enhanced the magnitude of the plasmablast response. Altogether, these data indicate that the early CSP-specific response is predominately primed within the spleen and the plasmablast fate of CSP-specific B cells is driven by macrophages and CD11c+ dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley A McNamara
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Mireille H Lahoud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Yeping Cai
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Jessica Durrant-Whyte
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - James H O'Connor
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Irina Caminschi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ian A Cockburn
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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3
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Chatterjee D, Lewis FJ, Sutton HJ, Kaczmarski JA, Gao X, Cai Y, McNamara HA, Jackson CJ, Cockburn IA. Avid binding by B cells to the Plasmodium circumsporozoite protein repeat suppresses responses to protective subdominant epitopes. Cell Rep 2021; 35:108996. [PMID: 33852850 PMCID: PMC8052187 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies targeting the NANP/NVDP repeat domain of the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSPRepeat) can protect against malaria. However, it has also been suggested that the CSPRepeat is a decoy that prevents the immune system from mounting responses against other domains of CSP. Here, we show that, following parasite immunization, B cell responses to the CSPRepeat are immunodominant over responses to other CSP domains despite the presence of similar numbers of naive B cells able to bind these regions. We find that this immunodominance is driven by avid binding of the CSPRepeat to cognate B cells that are able to expand at the expense of B cells with other specificities. We further show that mice immunized with repeat-truncated CSP molecules develop responses to subdominant epitopes and are protected against malaria. These data demonstrate that the CSPRepeat functions as a decoy, but truncated CSP molecules may be an approach for malaria vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepyan Chatterjee
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Fiona J Lewis
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Henry J Sutton
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Joe A Kaczmarski
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yeping Cai
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Hayley A McNamara
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Colin J Jackson
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Ian A Cockburn
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
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4
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Boast B, Miosge LA, Kuehn HS, Cho V, Athanasopoulos V, McNamara HA, Sontani Y, Mei Y, Howard D, Sutton HJ, Omari SA, Yu Z, Nasreen M, Andrews TD, Cockburn IA, Goodnow CC, Rosenzweig SD, Enders A. A Point Mutation in IKAROS ZF1 Causes a B Cell Deficiency in Mice. J Immunol 2021; 206:1505-1514. [PMID: 33658297 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
IKZF1 (IKAROS) is essential for normal lymphopoiesis in both humans and mice. Previous Ikzf1 mouse models have demonstrated the dual role for IKZF1 in both B and T cell development and have indicated differential requirements of each zinc finger. Furthermore, mutations in IKZF1 are known to cause common variable immunodeficiency in patients characterized by a loss of B cells and reduced Ab production. Through N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenesis, we have discovered a novel Ikzf1 mutant mouse with a missense mutation (L132P) in zinc finger 1 (ZF1) located in the DNA binding domain. Unlike other previously reported murine Ikzf1 mutations, this L132P point mutation (Ikzf1L132P ) conserves overall protein expression and has a B cell-specific phenotype with no effect on T cell development, indicating that ZF1 is not required for T cells. Mice have reduced Ab responses to immunization and show a progressive loss of serum Igs compared with wild-type littermates. IKZF1L132P overexpressed in NIH3T3 or HEK293T cells failed to localize to pericentromeric heterochromatin and bind target DNA sequences. Coexpression of wild-type and mutant IKZF1, however, allows for localization to pericentromeric heterochromatin and binding to DNA indicating a haploinsufficient mechanism of action for IKZF1L132P Furthermore, Ikzf1+/L132P mice have late onset defective Ig production, similar to what is observed in common variable immunodeficiency patients. RNA sequencing revealed a total loss of Hsf1 expression in follicular B cells, suggesting a possible functional link for the humoral immune response defects observed in Ikzf1L132P/L132P mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigette Boast
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Lisa A Miosge
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Hye Sun Kuehn
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Vicky Cho
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Vicki Athanasopoulos
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.,Centre for Personalised Immunology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Hayley A McNamara
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Yovina Sontani
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Yan Mei
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Debbie Howard
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Henry J Sutton
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Sofia A Omari
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.,Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, Lowy Cancer Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - Zhijia Yu
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Mariam Nasreen
- Australian Phenomics Facility, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia; and
| | - T Daniel Andrews
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Ian A Cockburn
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Christopher C Goodnow
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Sergio D Rosenzweig
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Anselm Enders
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia;
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5
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Hicks SM, Pohl K, Neeman T, McNamara HA, Parsons KM, He JS, Ali SA, Nazir S, Rowntree LC, Nguyen THO, Kedzierska K, Doolan DL, Vinuesa CG, Cook MC, Coatsworth N, Myles PS, Kurth F, Sander LE, Mann GJ, Gruen RL, George AJ, Gardiner EE, Cockburn IA. A Dual-Antigen Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Allows the Assessment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibody Seroprevalence in a Low-Transmission Setting. J Infect Dis 2021; 223:10-14. [PMID: 33009908 PMCID: PMC7665523 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Estimates of seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies have been hampered by inadequate assay sensitivity and specificity. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based approach that combines data about immunoglobulin G responses to both the nucleocapsid and spike receptor binding domain antigens, we show that excellent sensitivity and specificity can be achieved. We used this assay to assess the frequency of virus-specific antibodies in a cohort of elective surgery patients in Australia and estimated seroprevalence in Australia to be 0.28% (95% Confidence Interval, 0-1.15%). These data confirm the low level of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Australia before July 2020 and validate the specificity of our assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Hicks
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Kai Pohl
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Teresa Neeman
- Biological Data Science Institute, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Hayley A McNamara
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Kate M Parsons
- Australian National University Centre for Therapeutic Discovery, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Jin-shu He
- Australian National University Centre for Therapeutic Discovery, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Sidra A Ali
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Samina Nazir
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Louise C Rowntree
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thi H O Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Denise L Doolan
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Carola G Vinuesa
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- China Australia Centre for Personalised Immunology, Shanghai Renji Hospital, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Immunology Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia
| | - Matthew C Cook
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Department of Immunology Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia
| | - Nicholas Coatsworth
- ANU Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- The Canberra Hospital, Infectious Diseases, Canberra, Australia
| | - Paul S Myles
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Florian Kurth
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leif E Sander
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Graham J Mann
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Russell L Gruen
- College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Amee J George
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Australian National University Centre for Therapeutic Discovery, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Elizabeth E Gardiner
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Ian A Cockburn
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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6
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Fisher CR, Sutton HJ, Kaczmarski JA, McNamara HA, Clifton B, Mitchell J, Cai Y, Dups JN, D'Arcy NJ, Singh M, Chuah A, Peat TS, Jackson CJ, Cockburn IA. T-dependent B cell responses to Plasmodium induce antibodies that form a high-avidity multivalent complex with the circumsporozoite protein. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006469. [PMID: 28759640 PMCID: PMC5552345 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The repeat region of the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is a major vaccine antigen because it can be targeted by parasite neutralizing antibodies; however, little is known about this interaction. We used isothermal titration calorimetry, X-ray crystallography and mutagenesis-validated modeling to analyze the binding of a murine neutralizing antibody to Plasmodium falciparum CSP. Strikingly, we found that the repeat region of CSP is bound by multiple antibodies. This repeating pattern allows multiple weak interactions of single FAB domains to accumulate and yield a complex with a dissociation constant in the low nM range. Because the CSP protein can potentially cross-link multiple B cell receptors (BCRs) we hypothesized that the B cell response might be T cell independent. However, while there was a modest response in mice deficient in T cell help, the bulk of the response was T cell dependent. By sequencing the BCRs of CSP-repeat specific B cells in inbred mice we found that these cells underwent somatic hypermutation and affinity maturation indicative of a T-dependent response. Last, we found that the BCR repertoire of responding B cells was limited suggesting that the structural simplicity of the repeat may limit the breadth of the immune response. Vaccines aim to protect by inducing the immune system to make molecules called antibodies that can recognize molecules on the surface of invading pathogens. In the case of malaria, our most advanced vaccine candidates aim to promote the production of antibodies that recognize the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) molecule on the surface of the invasive parasite stage called the sporozoite. In this report we use X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of CSP-binding antibodies at the atomic level. We use other techniques such as isothermal titration calorimetry and structural modeling to examine how this antibody interacts with the CSP molecule. Strikingly, we found that each CSP molecule could bind 6 antibodies. This finding has implications for the immune response and may explain why high titers of antibody are needed for protection. Moreover, because the structure of the CSP repeat is quite simple we determined that the number of different kinds of antibodies that could bind this molecule are quite small. However a high avidity interaction between those antibodies and CSP can result from a process called affinity maturation that allows the body to learn how to make improved antibodies specific for pathogen molecules. These data show that while it is challenging for the immune system to recognize and neutralize CSP, it should be possible to generate viable vaccines targeting this molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla R. Fisher
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Henry J. Sutton
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Joe A. Kaczmarski
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Hayley A. McNamara
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Ben Clifton
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Joshua Mitchell
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Yeping Cai
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Johanna N. Dups
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. D'Arcy
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Mandeep Singh
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Aaron Chuah
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Thomas S. Peat
- CSIRO Biomedical Manufacturing Program, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Colin J. Jackson
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- * E-mail: (CJJ); (IAC)
| | - Ian A. Cockburn
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- * E-mail: (CJJ); (IAC)
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7
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Papa I, Saliba D, Ponzoni M, Bustamante S, Canete PF, Gonzalez-Figueroa P, McNamara HA, Valvo S, Grimbaldeston M, Sweet RA, Vohra H, Cockburn IA, Meyer-Hermann M, Dustin ML, Doglioni C, Vinuesa CG. T FH-derived dopamine accelerates productive synapses in germinal centres. Nature 2017; 547:318-323. [PMID: 28700579 PMCID: PMC5540173 DOI: 10.1038/nature23013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Protective high-affinity antibody responses depend on competitive
selection of B cells carrying somatically mutated B-cell receptors by follicular
helper T (TFH) cells in germinal centres. The rapid T-B-cell
interactions that occur during this process are reminiscent of neural synaptic
transmission pathways. Here we show that a proportion of human TFH
cells contained dense-core granules marked by chromogranin B, which are normally
found in neuronal presynaptic terminals storing catecholamines such as dopamine.
TFH cells produce high amounts of dopamine and released it upon
cognate interaction with B cells. Dopamine causes rapid translocation of
intracellular ICOSL (inducible T-cell co-stimulator ligand, also known as
ICOSLG) to the B-cell surface, which enhances accumulation of CD40L and
chromogranin B granules at the human TFH cell synapse and increases
the synapse area. Mathematical modelling suggests that faster dopamine-induced
T-B-cell interactions increase total germinal centre output and accelerate it by
days. Delivery of neurotransmitters across the T-B-cell synapse may be
advantageous in the face of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Papa
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - David Saliba
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Ateneo Vita-Salute, Department of Pathology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Sonia Bustamante
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Pablo F Canete
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Paula Gonzalez-Figueroa
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Hayley A McNamara
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Salvatore Valvo
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Michele Grimbaldeston
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.,OMNI-Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Rebecca A Sweet
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Harpreet Vohra
- Imaging and Cytometry Facility, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Ian A Cockburn
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Michael Meyer-Hermann
- Department of Systems Immunology and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Michael L Dustin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- Ateneo Vita-Salute, Department of Pathology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Carola G Vinuesa
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.,China-Australia Centre for Personalised Immunology, Shanghai Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200085, China
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McNamara HA, Cai Y, Wagle MV, Sontani Y, Roots CM, Miosge LA, O'Connor JH, Sutton HJ, Ganusov VV, Heath WR, Bertolino P, Goodnow CG, Parish IA, Enders A, Cockburn IA. Up-regulation of LFA-1 allows liver-resident memory T cells to patrol and remain in the hepatic sinusoids. Sci Immunol 2017; 2. [PMID: 28707003 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aaj1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Liver-resident CD8+ T cells are highly motile cells that patrol the vasculature and provide protection against liver pathogens. A key question is: how can these liver CD8+ T cells be simultaneously present in the circulation and tissue-resident? Because liver-resident T cells do not express CD103 - a key integrin for T cell residence in epithelial tissues - we investigated other candidate adhesion molecules. Using intra-vital imaging we found that CD8+ T cell patrolling in the hepatic sinusoids is dependent upon LFA-1-ICAM-1 interactions. Interestingly, liver-resident CD8+ T cells up-regulate LFA-1 compared to effector-memory cells, presumably to facilitate this behavior. Finally, we found that LFA-1 deficient CD8+ T cells failed to form substantial liver-resident memory populations following Plasmodium or LCMV immunization. Collectively, our results demonstrate that it is adhesion through LFA-1 that allows liver-resident memory CD8+ T cells to patrol and remain in the hepatic sinusoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A McNamara
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2602, Australia
| | - Y Cai
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2602, Australia
| | - M V Wagle
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2602, Australia
| | - Y Sontani
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2602, Australia
| | - C M Roots
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2602, Australia
| | - L A Miosge
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2602, Australia
| | - J H O'Connor
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2602, Australia
| | - H J Sutton
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2602, Australia
| | - V V Ganusov
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - W R Heath
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - P Bertolino
- Liver Immunology Program, Centenary Institute and AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, University of Sydney and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Locked Bag No. 6, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - C G Goodnow
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2602, Australia.,Immunogenomics Laboratory, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - I A Parish
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2602, Australia
| | - A Enders
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2602, Australia
| | - I A Cockburn
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2602, Australia
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McNamara HA, Cockburn IA. The three Rs: Recruitment, Retention and Residence of leukocytes in the liver. Clin Transl Immunology 2016; 5:e123. [PMID: 28435674 PMCID: PMC5384287 DOI: 10.1038/cti.2016.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The composition of leukocytes in the liver is highly distinct from that of the blood and lymphoid organs. In particular, the liver is highly enriched in non-conventional T cells such as natural killer T (NKT) cells, γδ T cells and mucosal-associated invariant T cells. In addition, there are significant populations of tissue-resident NK cells (or innate lymphoid cells (ILC1)) and memory CD8+ T cells. These cells are joined in conditions of inflammation by neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages. In recent years a multitude of studies have generated insights into how these cells arrest, move and remain resident in the liver. This new understanding has largely been due to the use of intra-vital microscopy to track immune cells in the liver, coupled with gene expression profiling and parabiosis techniques. These studies have revealed that leukocyte recruitment in the liver does not correspond to the classical paradigm of the leukocyte adhesion cascade. Rather, both lymphoid and myeloid cells have been found to adhere in the liver sinusoids in a platelet-dependent manner. Leukocytes have also been observed to patrol the hepatic sinusoids using a characteristic crawling motility. Moreover, T cells have been observed surveying hepatocytes for antigen through the unique fenestrated endothelium of the liver sinusoids, potentially negating the need for extravasation. In this review we highlight some of these recent discoveries and examine the different molecular interactions required for the recruitment, retention and—in some cases—residence of diverse leukocyte populations within the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley A McNamara
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Ian A Cockburn
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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