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Chousal JN, Morey R, Srinivasan S, Lee K, Zhang W, Yeo AL, To C, Cho K, Garzo VG, Parast MM, Laurent LC, Cook-Andersen H. Molecular profiling of human blastocysts reveals primitive endoderm defects among embryos of decreased implantation potential. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113701. [PMID: 38277271 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Human embryo implantation is remarkably inefficient, and implantation failure remains among the greatest obstacles in treating infertility. Gene expression data from human embryos have accumulated rapidly in recent years; however, identification of the subset of genes that determine successful implantation remains a challenge. We leverage clinical morphologic grading-known for decades to correlate with implantation potential-and transcriptome analyses of matched embryonic and abembryonic samples to identify factors and pathways enriched and depleted in human blastocysts of good and poor morphology. Unexpectedly, we discovered that the greatest difference was in the state of extraembryonic primitive endoderm (PrE) development, with relative deficiencies in poor morphology blastocysts. Our results suggest that implantation success is most strongly influenced by the embryonic compartment and that deficient PrE development is common among embryos with decreased implantation potential. Our study provides a valuable resource for those investigating the markers and mechanisms of human embryo implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Chousal
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Robert Morey
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Srimeenakshi Srinivasan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Katherine Lee
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Reproductive Partners Fertility Center - San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ana Lisa Yeo
- Reproductive Partners Fertility Center - San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Cuong To
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kyucheol Cho
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - V Gabriel Garzo
- Reproductive Partners Fertility Center - San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mana M Parast
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Louise C Laurent
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Heidi Cook-Andersen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Lee K, Cho K, Morey R, Cook-Andersen H. An extended wave of global mRNA deadenylation sets up a switch in translation regulation across the mammalian oocyte-to-embryo transition. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113710. [PMID: 38306272 PMCID: PMC11034814 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Without new transcription, gene expression across the oocyte-to-embryo transition (OET) relies instead on regulation of mRNA poly(A) tails to control translation. However, how tail dynamics shape translation across the OET in mammals remains unclear. We perform long-read RNA sequencing to uncover poly(A) tail lengths across the mouse OET and, incorporating published ribosome profiling data, provide an integrated, transcriptome-wide analysis of poly(A) tails and translation across the entire transition. We uncover an extended wave of global deadenylation during fertilization in which short-tailed, oocyte-deposited mRNAs are translationally activated without polyadenylation through resistance to deadenylation. Subsequently, in the embryo, mRNAs are readenylated and translated in a surge of global polyadenylation. We further identify regulation of poly(A) tail length at the isoform level and stage-specific enrichment of mRNA sequence motifs among regulated transcripts. These data provide insight into the stage-specific mechanisms of poly(A) tail regulation that orchestrate gene expression from oocyte to embryo in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kyucheol Cho
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Robert Morey
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Heidi Cook-Andersen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Chousal JN, Sohni A, Vitting-Seerup K, Cho K, Kim M, Tan K, Porse B, Wilkinson MF, Cook-Andersen H. Progression of the pluripotent epiblast depends upon the NMD factor UPF2. Development 2022; 149:dev200764. [PMID: 36255229 PMCID: PMC9687065 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nonsense-mediated RNA decay (NMD) is a highly conserved RNA turnover pathway that degrades RNAs harboring in-frame stop codons in specific contexts. Loss of NMD factors leads to embryonic lethality in organisms spanning the phylogenetic scale, but the mechanism remains unknown. Here, we report that the core NMD factor, UPF2, is required for expansion of epiblast cells within the inner cell mass of mice in vivo. We identify NMD target mRNAs in mouse blastocysts - both canonical and alternatively processed mRNAs - including those encoding cell cycle arrest and apoptosis factors, raising the possibility that NMD is essential for embryonic cell proliferation and survival. In support, the inner cell mass of Upf2-null blastocysts rapidly regresses with outgrowth and is incompetent for embryonic stem cell derivation in vitro. In addition, we uncovered concordant temporal- and lineage-specific regulation of NMD factors and mRNA targets, indicative of a shift in NMD magnitude during peri-implantation development. Together, our results reveal developmental and molecular functions of the NMD pathway in the early embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N. Chousal
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Abhishek Sohni
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kristoffer Vitting-Seerup
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology and Biotech Research & Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section for Bioinformatics, Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kyucheol Cho
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Matthew Kim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kun Tan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Bo Porse
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology, DanStem, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Miles F. Wilkinson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Heidi Cook-Andersen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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4
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Tan K, Jones SH, Lake BB, Chousal JN, Shum EY, Zhang L, Chen S, Sohni A, Pandya S, Gallo RL, Zhang K, Cook-Andersen H, Wilkinson MF. The role of the NMD factor UPF3B in olfactory sensory neurons. eLife 2020; 9:e57525. [PMID: 32773035 PMCID: PMC7452722 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The UPF3B-dependent branch of the nonsense-mediated RNA decay (NMD) pathway is critical for human cognition. Here, we examined the role of UPF3B in the olfactory system. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis demonstrated considerable heterogeneity of olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) cell populations in wild-type (WT) mice, and revealed that UPF3B loss influences specific subsets of these cell populations. UPF3B also regulates the expression of a large cadre of antimicrobial genes in OSNs, and promotes the selection of specific olfactory receptor (Olfr) genes for expression in mature OSNs (mOSNs). RNA-seq and Ribotag analyses identified classes of mRNAs expressed and translated at different levels in WT and Upf3b-null mOSNs. Integrating multiple computational approaches, UPF3B-dependent NMD target transcripts that are candidates to mediate the functions of NMD in mOSNs were identified in vivo. Together, our data provides a valuable resource for the olfactory field and insights into the roles of NMD in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Tan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Samantha H Jones
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Blue B Lake
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Jennifer N Chousal
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Eleen Y Shum
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Lingjuan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Abhishek Sohni
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Shivam Pandya
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Richard L Gallo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Heidi Cook-Andersen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Miles F Wilkinson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
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5
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Ramaiah M, Tan K, Plank TDM, Song HW, Chousal JN, Jones S, Shum EY, Sheridan SD, Peterson KJ, Gromoll J, Haggarty SJ, Cook-Andersen H, Wilkinson MF. A microRNA cluster in the Fragile-X region expressed during spermatogenesis targets FMR1. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e46566. [PMID: 30573526 PMCID: PMC6362356 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201846566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Testis-expressed X-linked genes typically evolve rapidly. Here, we report on a testis-expressed X-linked microRNA (miRNA) cluster that despite rapid alterations in sequence has retained its position in the Fragile-X region of the X chromosome in placental mammals. Surprisingly, the miRNAs encoded by this cluster (Fx-mir) have a predilection for targeting the immediately adjacent gene, Fmr1, an unexpected finding given that miRNAs usually act in trans, not in cis Robust repression of Fmr1 is conferred by combinations of Fx-mir miRNAs induced in Sertoli cells (SCs) during postnatal development when they terminate proliferation. Physiological significance is suggested by the finding that FMRP, the protein product of Fmr1, is downregulated when Fx-mir miRNAs are induced, and that FMRP loss causes SC hyperproliferation and spermatogenic defects. Fx-mir miRNAs not only regulate the expression of FMRP, but also regulate the expression of eIF4E and CYFIP1, which together with FMRP form a translational regulatory complex. Our results support a model in which Fx-mir family members act cooperatively to regulate the translation of batteries of mRNAs in a developmentally regulated manner in SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuvanthi Ramaiah
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kun Tan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Terra-Dawn M Plank
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hye-Won Song
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer N Chousal
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Samantha Jones
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eleen Y Shum
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steven D Sheridan
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin J Peterson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Jörg Gromoll
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stephen J Haggarty
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heidi Cook-Andersen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Miles F Wilkinson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Huang L, Shum EY, Jones SH, Lou CH, Chousal J, Kim H, Roberts AJ, Jolly LA, Espinoza JL, Skarbrevik DM, Phan MH, Cook-Andersen H, Swerdlow NR, Gecz J, Wilkinson MF. A Upf3b-mutant mouse model with behavioral and neurogenesis defects. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:1773-1786. [PMID: 28948974 PMCID: PMC5869067 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonsense-mediated RNA decay (NMD) is a highly conserved and selective RNA degradation pathway that acts on RNAs terminating their reading frames in specific contexts. NMD is regulated in a tissue-specific and developmentally controlled manner, raising the possibility that it influences developmental events. Indeed, loss or depletion of NMD factors have been shown to disrupt developmental events in organisms spanning the phylogenetic scale. In humans, mutations in the NMD factor gene, UPF3B, cause intellectual disability (ID) and are strongly associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and schizophrenia (SCZ). Here, we report the generation and characterization of mice harboring a null Upf3b allele. These Upf3b-null mice exhibit deficits in fear-conditioned learning, but not spatial learning. Upf3b-null mice also have a profound defect in prepulse inhibition (PPI), a measure of sensorimotor gating commonly deficient in individuals with SCZ and other brain disorders. Consistent with both their PPI and learning defects, cortical pyramidal neurons from Upf3b-null mice display deficient dendritic spine maturation in vivo. In addition, neural stem cells from Upf3b-null mice have impaired ability to undergo differentiation and require prolonged culture to give rise to functional neurons with electrical activity. RNA sequencing (RNAseq) analysis of the frontal cortex identified UPF3B-regulated RNAs, including direct NMD target transcripts encoding proteins with known functions in neural differentiation, maturation and disease. We suggest Upf3b-null mice serve as a novel model system to decipher cellular and molecular defects underlying ID and neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Huang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - E Y Shum
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - S H Jones
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - C-H Lou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Chousal
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - H Kim
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A J Roberts
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - L A Jolly
- Adelaide Medical School and Robison Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - J L Espinoza
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - D M Skarbrevik
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - M H Phan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - H Cook-Andersen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - N R Swerdlow
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Gecz
- Adelaide Medical School and Robison Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - M F Wilkinson
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Dumdie JN, Cho K, Ramaiah M, Skarbrevik D, Mora-Castilla S, Stumpo DJ, Lykke-Andersen J, Laurent LC, Blackshear PJ, Wilkinson MF, Cook-Andersen H. Chromatin Modification and Global Transcriptional Silencing in the Oocyte Mediated by the mRNA Decay Activator ZFP36L2. Dev Cell 2018; 44:392-402.e7. [PMID: 29408237 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Global transcriptional silencing is a highly conserved mechanism central to the oocyte-to-embryo transition. We report the unexpected discovery that global transcriptional silencing in oocytes depends on an mRNA decay activator. Oocyte-specific loss of ZFP36L2 an RNA-binding protein that promotes AU-rich element-dependent mRNA decay prevents global transcriptional silencing and causes oocyte maturation and fertilization defects, as well as complete female infertility in the mouse. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that ZFP36L2 downregulates mRNAs encoding transcription and chromatin modification regulators, including a large group of mRNAs for histone demethylases targeting H3K4 and H3K9, which we show are bound and degraded by ZFP36L2. Oocytes lacking Zfp36l2 fail to accumulate histone methylation at H3K4 and H3K9, marks associated with the transcriptionally silent, developmentally competent oocyte state. Our results uncover a ZFP36L2-dependent mRNA decay mechanism that acts as a developmental switch during oocyte growth, triggering wide-spread shifts in chromatin modification and global transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Dumdie
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kyucheol Cho
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Madhuvanthi Ramaiah
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David Skarbrevik
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sergio Mora-Castilla
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Deborah J Stumpo
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Jens Lykke-Andersen
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Louise C Laurent
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Perry J Blackshear
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27703, USA
| | - Miles F Wilkinson
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Heidi Cook-Andersen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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9
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Lou CH, Chousal J, Goetz A, Shum EY, Brafman D, Liao X, Mora-Castilla S, Ramaiah M, Cook-Andersen H, Laurent L, Wilkinson MF. Nonsense-Mediated RNA Decay Influences Human Embryonic Stem Cell Fate. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 6:844-857. [PMID: 27304915 PMCID: PMC4912386 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsense-mediated RNA decay (NMD) is a highly conserved pathway that selectively degrades specific subsets of RNA transcripts. Here, we provide evidence that NMD regulates early human developmental cell fate. We found that NMD factors tend to be expressed at higher levels in human pluripotent cells than in differentiated cells, raising the possibility that NMD must be downregulated to permit differentiation. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) demonstrated that, indeed, NMD downregulation is essential for efficient generation of definitive endoderm. RNA-seq analysis identified NMD target transcripts induced when NMD is suppressed in hESCs, including many encoding signaling components. This led us to test the role of TGF-β and BMP signaling, which we found NMD acts through to influence definitive endoderm versus mesoderm fate. Our results suggest that selective RNA decay is critical for specifying the developmental fate of specific human embryonic cell lineages. The NMD RNA degradation pathway is highly active in pluripotent cells RNA-seq analysis identifies mRNA targets of NMD in human embryonic stem cells NMD degrades mRNAs encoding TGF-β/BMP, WNT, and FGF signaling components NMD acts through signaling pathways to influence endoderm versus mesoderm cell fate
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hong Lou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jennifer Chousal
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Alexandra Goetz
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Eleen Y Shum
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David Brafman
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Liao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sergio Mora-Castilla
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Madhuvanthi Ramaiah
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Heidi Cook-Andersen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Louise Laurent
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Miles F Wilkinson
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Garzo V, Yeo A, Su I, Cook-Andersen H, Meldrum D, Duleba A. High pregnancy rates can be achieved with elective single embryo transfer offered to all patients. Fertil Steril 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.07.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Maas KH, Chuan S, Harrison E, Cook-Andersen H, Duleba AJ, Chang RJ. Androgen responses to adrenocorticotropic hormone infusion among individual women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:1252-1257. [PMID: 27473350 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare androgen responses during ACTH infusion among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy women. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Academic medical center. PATIENT(S) Women with PCOS (n = 13) and healthy controls (n = 15). INTERVENTION(S) Blood samples were obtained frequently during a 6-hour dose-response ACTH infusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Comparison of basal and stimulated levels of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), androgens, and cortisol (F) during ACTH infusion with those after hCG injection within individual subjects. RESULT(S) In women with PCOS increased 17-OHP, androstenedione (A), and DHEA responses during ACTH infusion were comparable to those observed in healthy controls. The magnitude of responses was highly variable among women with PCOS. Within individual women with PCOS adrenal responses to ACTH and ovarian responses to hCG were significantly correlated. Cortisol responses to ACTH were similar in women with PCOS and healthy controls. CONCLUSION(S) Within individual women with PCOS, enhanced androgen responses to ACTH are accompanied by comparable androgen responsiveness to hCG. These findings suggest that dysregulated steroidogenesis leading to hyperandrogenemia in this disorder is likely present in both adrenal and ovarian tissues. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT00747617.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin H Maas
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sandy Chuan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Evan Harrison
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Heidi Cook-Andersen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Antoni J Duleba
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - R Jeffrey Chang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.
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12
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Hou J, Cook-Andersen H, Su HI, Shayya R, Maas KH, Burt-Solorzano CM, Kumar A, Chang RJ. 17-Hydroxyprogesterone responses to human chorionic gonadotropin are not associated with serum anti-Mullerian hormone levels among adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2016; 29:835-40. [PMID: 27166718 PMCID: PMC5424394 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2015-0461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In adult women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) 17-OHP responses to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) stimulation are highly variable and inversely correlated with serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels. The objective of this study was to determine whether adolescents with PCOS exhibit similar variable 17-OHP responsiveness to hCG and whether these responses are correlated to AMH levels. METHODS In a prospective study, adolescent PCOS (n=14) and normal controls (n=10) received 25 μg of hCG, intravenously. Blood samples were obtained before and 24 h afterwards for measurement of 17-OHP and basal AMH. RESULTS Variable 17-OHP responses to hCG were observed among PCOS girls similar to that observed in adults. There was no correlation between AMH and 17-OHP responses to hCG. CONCLUSIONS Among adult and adolescent individuals with PCOS variable 17-OHP production appears to be characteristic of the disorder. In adolescent PCOS, 17-OHP responsiveness to hCG is not correlated to AMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Hou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Heidi Cook-Andersen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - H. Irene Su
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rana Shayya
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kevin H. Maas
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christine M. Burt-Solorzano
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Research in Reproduction, University of Virginia Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - R. Jeffrey Chang
- Corresponding author: R. Jeffrey Chang, MD, Phone: +(858) 534-8930, Fax: +(868) 534-8856,
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Cook-Andersen H, Curnow KJ, Su HI, Chang RJ, Shimasaki S. Growth and differentiation factor 9 promotes oocyte growth at the primary but not the early secondary stage in three-dimensional follicle culture. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 33:1067-77. [PMID: 27155601 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0719-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Factors that differentially regulate oocyte and granulosa cell growth within the early preantral follicle and how these factors differ at each stage of follicle growth remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to isolate and evaluate the effect of recombinant growth and differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) on oocyte and granulosa cell growth at the primary and early secondary stages of preantral follicle growth during in vitro culture. METHODS Primary stage follicles (diameters of 50-89 μm) and early secondary stage follicles (diameters of 90-120 μm) were isolated from immature mice, and individual, intact follicles were cultured in vitro in the presence and absence of recombinant GDF9. The effects of GDF9 on follicle growth were determined by the assessment of changes in the follicle volume during culture. The growth of the granulosa cell and oocyte compartments of the follicles was evaluated separately at each stage. RESULTS GDF9 significantly increased the growth of isolated follicles at both the primary and early secondary follicle stages. Independent evaluation of the granulosa cell and oocyte compartments revealed that, while GDF9 promoted granulosa cell growth at both stages of folliculogenesis, oocyte growth was stage specific. GDF9 promoted growth of the oocyte at the primary, but not the early secondary, follicle stage. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate a stage-specific role for GDF9 in the regulation of oocyte and granulosa cell growth at the primary and early secondary stages of preantral follicle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Cook-Andersen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0633, USA.
| | - Kirsten J Curnow
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0633, USA
| | - H Irene Su
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0633, USA
| | - R Jeffrey Chang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0633, USA
| | - Shunichi Shimasaki
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0633, USA.
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Shum EY, Jones SH, Shao A, Chousal JN, Krause MD, Chan WK, Lou CH, Espinoza JL, Song HW, Phan MH, Ramaiah M, Huang L, McCarrey JR, Peterson KJ, De Rooij DG, Cook-Andersen H, Wilkinson MF. The Antagonistic Gene Paralogs Upf3a and Upf3b Govern Nonsense-Mediated RNA Decay. Cell 2016; 165:382-95. [PMID: 27040500 PMCID: PMC4826573 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Gene duplication is a major evolutionary force driving adaptation and speciation, as it allows for the acquisition of new functions and can augment or diversify existing functions. Here, we report a gene duplication event that yielded another outcome--the generation of antagonistic functions. One product of this duplication event--UPF3B--is critical for the nonsense-mediated RNA decay (NMD) pathway, while its autosomal counterpart--UPF3A--encodes an enigmatic protein previously shown to have trace NMD activity. Using loss-of-function approaches in vitro and in vivo, we discovered that UPF3A acts primarily as a potent NMD inhibitor that stabilizes hundreds of transcripts. Evidence suggests that UPF3A acquired repressor activity through simple impairment of a critical domain, a rapid mechanism that may have been widely used in evolution. Mice conditionally lacking UPF3A exhibit "hyper" NMD and display defects in embryogenesis and gametogenesis. Our results support a model in which UPF3A serves as a molecular rheostat that directs developmental events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleen Y. Shum
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Samantha H. Jones
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ada Shao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jennifer N. Chousal
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Matthew D. Krause
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Wai-Kin Chan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University
of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chih-Hong Lou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Josh L. Espinoza
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Hye-Won Song
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Mimi H. Phan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Madhuvanthi Ramaiah
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Lulu Huang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - John R. McCarrey
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San
Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Kevin J. Peterson
- Department of Biology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire,
USA
| | - Dirk G. De Rooij
- Reproductive Biology Group, Division of Developmental Biology,
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The
Netherlands
| | - Heidi Cook-Andersen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Miles F. Wilkinson
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego,
La Jolla, California, USA
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15
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Mora-Castilla S, To C, Vaezeslami S, Morey R, Srinivasan S, Dumdie JN, Cook-Andersen H, Jenkins J, Laurent LC. Miniaturization Technologies for Efficient Single-Cell Library Preparation for Next-Generation Sequencing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 21:557-67. [PMID: 26891732 PMCID: PMC4948133 DOI: 10.1177/2211068216630741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
As the cost of next-generation sequencing has decreased, library preparation costs have become a more significant proportion of the total cost, especially for high-throughput applications such as single-cell RNA profiling. Here, we have applied novel technologies to scale down reaction volumes for library preparation. Our system consisted of in vitro differentiated human embryonic stem cells representing two stages of pancreatic differentiation, for which we prepared multiple biological and technical replicates. We used the Fluidigm (San Francisco, CA) C1 single-cell Autoprep System for single-cell complementary DNA (cDNA) generation and an enzyme-based tagmentation system (Nextera XT; Illumina, San Diego, CA) with a nanoliter liquid handler (mosquito HTS; TTP Labtech, Royston, UK) for library preparation, reducing the reaction volume down to 2 µL and using as little as 20 pg of input cDNA. The resulting sequencing data were bioinformatically analyzed and correlated among the different library reaction volumes. Our results showed that decreasing the reaction volume did not interfere with the quality or the reproducibility of the sequencing data, and the transcriptional data from the scaled-down libraries allowed us to distinguish between single cells. Thus, we have developed a process to enable efficient and cost-effective high-throughput single-cell transcriptome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Mora-Castilla
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cuong To
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Soheila Vaezeslami
- TTP Labtech Ltd., Melbourn Science Park, Melbourn, Royston, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Robert Morey
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer N Dumdie
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Heidi Cook-Andersen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joby Jenkins
- TTP Labtech Ltd., Melbourn Science Park, Melbourn, Royston, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Louise C Laurent
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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16
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Cook-Andersen H, Chuan SS, Maas K, Rosencrantz MA, Su HI, Lawson M, Mason HD, Chang RJ. Lack of Serum anti-Mullerian hormone responses after recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:251-7. [PMID: 25303490 PMCID: PMC4283023 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-2948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an anovulatory disorder characterized by excess androgen production and increased LH secretion. Serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is also elevated in this disorder. Women with PCOS exhibit a positive correlation between AMH and LH levels and recent in vitro data demonstrate that LH can directly stimulate AMH production by granulosa cells from women with PCOS. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to directly test whether LH increases AMH production in women with PCOS in vivo by assessing responses after recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (r-hCG) stimulation. DESIGN This was a prospective study. SETTING The study was conducted at a research center at an academic medical center. PARTICIPANTS Women with PCOS (n = 28) and normal controls (n = 29) participated in the study. INTERVENTIONS Blood samples were obtained before and 24 hours after iv administration of 25 μg r-hCG. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Basal and stimulated serum AMH, androstenedione, T, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels were measured. RESULTS Baseline AMH levels in women with PCOS were greater than in normal controls and correlated with levels of LH as well as androstenedione, T, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone. A rise of serum AMH levels was not observed after r-hCG administration in women with PCOS or normal ovaries. CONCLUSION These findings are in contrast to in vitro evidence demonstrating that AMH secretion by granulosa cells of PCOS women in response to LH stimulation and suggest AMH regulation in vivo is complex and that the elevated serum AMH in women with PCOS is not a direct effect of the excess LH production characteristic of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Cook-Andersen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine (H.C.-A., S.S.C., K.M., M.A.R., H.I.S., M.L., R.J.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla California 92093; and Department of Clinical Development Sciences and Basic Medical Sciences (H.D.M.), St George's University of London, London SW17 ORE, United Kingdom
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17
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Maas KH, Chuan SS, Cook-Andersen H, Su HI, Duleba A, Chang RJ. Relationship between 17-hydroxyprogesterone responses to human chorionic gonadotropin and markers of ovarian follicle morphology in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:293-300. [PMID: 25313914 PMCID: PMC4283019 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-2956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have increased 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) responses to gonadotropin stimulation although individual variability is substantial, as reflected by exaggerated as well as normal responses. The relationship between 17-OHP responses to gonadotropin stimulation and markers of ovarian function has not been assessed. OBJECTIVE To determine whether 17-OHP responses are associated with antral follicle count (AFC), anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), or inhibin B (Inh B) levels in PCOS and normal women. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Research center at an academic medical center. PARTICIPANTS Women with PCOS (n = 18) and normal controls (n = 18). INTERVENTIONS Blood samples were obtained before and 24 hours after administration of 25 μg recombinant-human chorionic gonadotropin. Ovarian imaging was conducted with three-dimensional pelvic ultrasound. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Basal and stimulated levels of 17-OHP, androgens, estrogen, AMH, Inh B, and AFC. RESULTS In women with PCOS, 17-OHP responses were heterogeneous and inversely correlated with AMH and Inh B levels, but not AFC. In a subgroup of PCOS women with exaggerated 17-OHP responses, AMH levels were equivalent to that of normal women. In PCOS women with normal 17-OHP responses, AMH levels were markedly elevated. CONCLUSION Based on heterogeneous 17-OHP responses to human chorionic gonadotropin in women with PCOS, AMH levels are inversely linked to ovarian androgen production while positively correlated with AFC. These findings suggest that in PCOS, AMH production may reflect redistribution of the follicle population or regulation by intraovarian mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin H Maas
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
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18
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Hou J, Maas K, Cook-Andersen H, Burt-Solorzano C, Shayya R, Kumar A, Chang R. HCG-stimulated 17OHP responses and basal serum AMH levels among adolescent women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Shayya RF, Rosencrantz MA, Chuan SS, Cook-Andersen H, Roudebush WE, Irene Su H, Shimasaki S, Chang RJ. Decreased inhibin B responses following recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin administration in normal women and women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2013; 101:275-9. [PMID: 24188875 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether granulosa cells contribute to excess androgen production, by assessing inhibin B (Inh B) responses to hCG in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and in normal women. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Academic medical center. PATIENT(S) Twenty women with PCOS and 16 normal women. INTERVENTION(S) Blood samples obtained before and 24 hours after injection of 25 μg recombinant hCG (r-hCG). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Basal and stimulated Inh B, E2, androstenedione (A), and T responses after r-hCG administration. RESULT(S) In normal and PCOS women, r-hCG induced a significant reduction of Inh B levels. Lowered Inh B responses were not related to body mass index, PCOS status, or age by multivariate regression. Recombinant hCG significantly increased serum A and E2 in both normal and PCOS women. CONCLUSION(S) In normal and PCOS women, Inh B production was decreased following r-hCG administration. These findings strongly suggest that in PCOS women androgen excess is not enhanced by LH-stimulated Inh B production. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT00747617.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana F Shayya
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Marcus A Rosencrantz
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sandy S Chuan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Heidi Cook-Andersen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - William E Roudebush
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Greenville, South Carolina
| | - H Irene Su
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Shunichi Shimasaki
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - R Jeffrey Chang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
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20
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Abstract
Alterations of ovarian follicle morphology and function have been well documented in women with PCOS. These include increased numbers of growing preantral follicles, failure of follicle growth beyond the mid-antral stage, evidence of granulosa call degeneration, and theca cell hyperplasia. Functional abnormalities include paradoxical granulosa cell hyperresponsiveness to FSH which is clinically linked to ovarian hyperstimulation during ovulation induction. In addition, there is likely a primary theca cell defect that accounts for the majority of excess androgen production in this disorder. The precise mechanisms responsible for altered follicle function are not completely clear. However, several factors appear to influence normal advancement of follicle development as well as impair ovarian steroidogenesis. These include intra- as well as extraovarian influences that distort normal ovarian growth and disrupt steroid production by follicle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jeffrey Chang
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0633, United States.
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Rosen A, Hermoso M, Cook-Andersen H, de Ziegler D, Meldrum D. Purification of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) for Intrauterine Injection. Fertil Steril 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Cook-Andersen H, Chuan S, Su H, Chang R. Anti-mullerian hormone is elevated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome but is unaltered following hCG stimulation. Fertil Steril 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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