1
|
Halinkovič M, Mušková K, Sloboda T, Lepáček M, Kanďárová H, Ries M, Šoltésová Prnová M. MLtox, online phototoxicity prediction webpage. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 94:105701. [PMID: 37820749 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Phototoxicity, sometimes in the literature referred to as photo-irritation, is a chemically induced reaction requiring light. While it is generally accepted that phototoxicity testing can be performed in the majority of cases in vitro (i.e. without the use of experimental animals), these tests may sometimes provide contradictory predictions. Understanding the mechanisms of initiating events based on the molecule's structure and its ability to reach the excited state and consequently generate ROS enables the creation of predictive QSAR for this adverse outcome. The ability to predict the phototoxicity potential via a QSAR model is beneficial in reducing the number of mechanical in vitro/in chemico tests needed to demonstrate absence of phototoxicity and it is very helpful in the overall safety assessment process. The QSAR prediction model presented here focused on developing a robust platform freely available on the web via the link http://mltox.online to provide interpretable predictions of the phototoxicity of tested molecules. Great attention was devoted to interpretability and explainability of the prediction results. The web application allows the user to input a chemical by CAS number, SMILES code or trivial name. The user can choose between simple prediction or advanced tools options. These extended tools include the artificial intelligence explainability of model prediction using XSMILES (interactive visualization technique to support the interpretation of SMILES) and SHAP values (impact each element on the prediction). The comprehensive tools in question allow the user to explore the properties of phototoxic substances and to understand the prediction outcomes better.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matej Halinkovič
- Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 2, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Kateřina Mušková
- Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 2, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tibor Sloboda
- Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 2, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marek Lepáček
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Helena Kanďárová
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Ries
- Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 2, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marta Šoltésová Prnová
- Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 2, Bratislava, Slovakia; Center of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kanďárová H, Pôbiš P. The "Big Three" in biocompatibility testing of medical devices: implementation of alternatives to animal experimentation-are we there yet? Front Toxicol 2024; 5:1337468. [PMID: 38259728 PMCID: PMC10800850 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1337468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Biocompatibility testing ensures the safety of medical devices by assessing their compatibility with biological systems and their potential to cause harm or adverse reactions. Thus, it is a critical part of the overall safety evaluation process for medical devices. Three primary types of biocompatibility tests-cytotoxicity, irritation, and sensitisation assessment-are standard for nearly all medical devices. However, additional biocompatibility tests, such as genotoxicity, systemic toxicity, hemocompatibility, and implantation studies, may also be necessary, depending on the device's nature and intended use. The testing is partly conducted in vitro, but the industry still heavily relies on animal experiments. Compared to other industrial sectors, implementing alternatives in medical device biocompatibility testing has been notably slower. This delay can be attributed to the absence of specific validation processes tailored to medical devices and the resulting hesitation regarding the predictive capacity of these alternative methods despite their successful applications in other domains. This review focuses on the progress and obstacles to implementing new approach methodologies in the areas of cytotoxicity, irritation and sensitisation testing of medical devices. While challenges persist in adopting these innovative methods, the trend towards embracing alternatives remains robust. This trend is driven by technological advancements, ethical considerations, and growing industrial interest and support, all collectively contributing to advancing safer and more effective medical devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Kanďárová
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (IEPT), Centre of Experimental Medicine (CEM), Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dvořáková M, Svobodová L, Rucki M, Ševčík V, Hošíková B, Chrz J, Bendová H, Kejlová K, Očadlíková D, Malý M, Kolářová H, Mannerström M, Kanďárová H, Jírová D. The Safety Assessment of Cosmetic Perfumes by Using In Chemico and In Vitro Methods in Combination with GC-MS/MS Analysis. Altern Lab Anim 2023; 51:224-248. [PMID: 37377062 DOI: 10.1177/02611929231184635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Animal testing has been prohibited for the safety assessment of cosmetic ingredients or finished products. Thus, alternative non-animal methods, followed by confirmatory clinical studies on human volunteers, should be used as the sole legally acceptable approach within the EU. The safety assessment of cosmetic products requires the involvement of multiple scientific disciplines, including analytical chemistry and biomedicine, as well as in chemico, in vitro and in silico toxicology. Recent data suggest that fragrance components may exert multiple adverse biological effects, e.g. cytotoxicity, skin sensitisation, (photo)genotoxicity, mutagenicity, reprotoxicity and endocrine disruption. Therefore, a pilot study was conducted with selected samples of fragrance-based products, such as deodorant, eau de toilette and eau de parfum, with the aim of integrating results from a number of alternative non-animal methods suitable for the detection of the following toxicological endpoints: cytotoxicity (with 3T3 Balb/c fibroblasts); skin sensitisation potential (in chemico method, DPRA); skin sensitisation potential (LuSens in vitro method, based on human keratinocytes); genotoxicity potential (in vitro Comet assay with 3T3 Balb/c cells); and endocrine disruption (in vitro YES/YAS assay). The presence of twenty-four specific known allergens in the products was determined by using GC-MS/MS. The strategies for estimation of the NOAEL of a mixture of allergens, which were proposed by the Scientific Committee on Consumer Products in their 'Opinion on Tea tree oil' document and by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority in their 'Risk Profile of Tea tree oil' report, were used as models for the NOAEL estimation of the mixtures of allergens that were identified in the individual samples tested in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Dvořáková
- Centre of Toxicology and Health Safety, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lada Svobodová
- Centre of Toxicology and Health Safety, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Rucki
- Centre of Toxicology and Health Safety, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Ševčík
- Centre of Toxicology and Health Safety, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Hošíková
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Chrz
- Centre of Toxicology and Health Safety, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Bendová
- Centre of Toxicology and Health Safety, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Kejlová
- Centre of Toxicology and Health Safety, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Danuše Očadlíková
- Centre of Toxicology and Health Safety, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Malý
- Centre of Toxicology and Health Safety, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kolářová
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marika Mannerström
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Helena Kanďárová
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dagmar Jírová
- Centre of Toxicology and Health Safety, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kejlová K, Dvořáková M, Vavrouš A, Ševčík V, Kanďárová H, Letašiová S, Sosnovcová J, Jírová D. Toxicity of food contact paper evaluated by combined biological and chemical methods. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 59:26-34. [PMID: 30951805 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|