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Grinde NA, Kehoe ZR, Vang HG, Mancheski LJ, Bosch E, Southern SA, Bryce DL, Bowling NP. Rapid Access to Encapsulated Molecular Rotors via Coordination-Driven Macrocycle Formation. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301745. [PMID: 37308699 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Macrocycle formation that relies upon trans metal coordination of appropriately placed pyridine ligands within an arylene ethynylene construct provides rapid and reliable access to molecular rotators encapsulated within macrocyclic stators. Showing no significant close contacts to the central rotators, X-ray crystallography of AgI -coordinated macrocycles provides plausibility for unobstructed rotation or wobbling of rotators within the central cavity. Solid-state 13 C NMR of PdII -coordinated macrocycles supports the notion of unobstructed movement of simple arenes in the crystal lattice. Solution 1 H NMR studies indicate complete and immediate macrocycle formation upon the introduction of PdII to the pyridyl-based ligand at room temperature. Moreover, the formed macrocycle is stable in solution; a lack of significant changes in the 1 H NMR spectrum upon cooling to -50 °C is consistent with the absence of dynamic behavior. The synthetic route to these macrocycles is expedient and modular, providing access to rather complex constructs in four simple steps involving Sonogashira coupling and deprotection reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah A Grinde
- Chemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, 2101 Fourth Avenue, Stevens Point, WI, 54481, USA
| | - Zachary R Kehoe
- Chemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, 2101 Fourth Avenue, Stevens Point, WI, 54481, USA
| | - Herh G Vang
- Chemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, 2101 Fourth Avenue, Stevens Point, WI, 54481, USA
| | - Lucas J Mancheski
- Chemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, 2101 Fourth Avenue, Stevens Point, WI, 54481, USA
| | - Eric Bosch
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Missouri State University, 901 South National Avenue, Springfield, MO, 65897, USA
| | - Scott A Southern
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - David L Bryce
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Nathan P Bowling
- Chemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, 2101 Fourth Avenue, Stevens Point, WI, 54481, USA
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Lindblad S, Boróka Németh F, Földes T, Heiden D, Vang HG, Driscoll ZL, Gonnering ER, Pápai I, Bowling N, Erdelyi M. Cover Feature: The Influence of Secondary Interactions on the [N−I−N]
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Halogen Bond (Chem. Eur. J. 55/2021). Chemistry 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Lindblad
- Department of Chemistry – BMC Uppsala University 751 23 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Flóra Boróka Németh
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Research Center for Natural Sciences Budapest Hungary
| | - Tamás Földes
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Research Center for Natural Sciences Budapest Hungary
| | - Daniel Heiden
- Department of Chemistry – BMC Uppsala University 751 23 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Herh G. Vang
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point 2001 Fourth Avenue, Stevens Point Wisconsin 54481 USA
| | - Zakarias L. Driscoll
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point 2001 Fourth Avenue, Stevens Point Wisconsin 54481 USA
| | - Emily R. Gonnering
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point 2001 Fourth Avenue, Stevens Point Wisconsin 54481 USA
| | - Imre Pápai
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Research Center for Natural Sciences Budapest Hungary
- Department of Chemistry University J. Selyeho 94505 Komárno Slovakia
| | - Nathan Bowling
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point 2001 Fourth Avenue, Stevens Point Wisconsin 54481 USA
| | - Mate Erdelyi
- Department of Chemistry – BMC Uppsala University 751 23 Uppsala Sweden
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Lindblad S, Boróka Németh F, Földes T, von der Heiden D, Vang HG, Driscoll ZL, Gonnering ER, Pápai I, Bowling N, Erdelyi M. The Influence of Secondary Interactions on the [N-I-N] + Halogen Bond. Chemistry 2021; 27:13748-13756. [PMID: 34339075 PMCID: PMC8518683 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
[Bis(pyridine)iodine(I)]+ complexes offer controlled access to halonium ions under mild conditions. The reactivity of such stabilized halonium ions is primarily determined by their three-center, four-electron [N-I-N]+ halogen bond. We studied the importance of chelation, strain, steric hindrance and electrostatic interaction for the structure and reactivity of halogen bonded halonium ions by acquiring their 15 N NMR coordination shifts and measuring their iodenium release rates, and interpreted the data with the support of DFT computations. A bidentate ligand stabilizes the [N-I-N]+ halogen bond, decreasing the halenium transfer rate. Strain weakens the bond and accordingly increases the release rate. Remote modifications in the backbone do not influence the stability as long as the effect is entirely steric. Incorporating an electron-rich moiety close by the [N-I-N]+ motif increases the iodenium release rate. The analysis of the iodine(I) transfer mechanism highlights the impact of secondary interactions, and may provide a handle on the induction of stereoselectivity in electrophilic halogenations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Lindblad
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Flóra Boróka Németh
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Földes
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Herh G Vang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, 2001 Fourth Avenue, Stevens Point, Wisconsin, 54481, USA
| | - Zakarias L Driscoll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, 2001 Fourth Avenue, Stevens Point, Wisconsin, 54481, USA
| | - Emily R Gonnering
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, 2001 Fourth Avenue, Stevens Point, Wisconsin, 54481, USA
| | - Imre Pápai
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Chemistry, University J. Selyeho, 94505, Komárno, Slovakia
| | - Nathan Bowling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, 2001 Fourth Avenue, Stevens Point, Wisconsin, 54481, USA
| | - Mate Erdelyi
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
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Widner DL, Robinson ER, Perez AB, Vang HG, Thorson RA, Driscoll ZL, Giebel SM, Berndt CW, Bosch E, Speetzen ED, Bowling NP. Comparing Strong and Weak Halogen Bonding in Solution:
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C NMR, UV/Vis, Crystallographic, and Computational Studies of an Intramolecular Model. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle L. Widner
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin‐Stevens Point 2001 Fourth Avenue WI 54481 Stevens Point US
| | - Emily R. Robinson
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin‐Stevens Point 2001 Fourth Avenue WI 54481 Stevens Point US
| | - Alejandra B. Perez
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin‐Stevens Point 2001 Fourth Avenue WI 54481 Stevens Point US
| | - Herh G. Vang
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin‐Stevens Point 2001 Fourth Avenue WI 54481 Stevens Point US
| | - Rachel A. Thorson
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin‐Stevens Point 2001 Fourth Avenue WI 54481 Stevens Point US
| | - Zakarias L. Driscoll
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin‐Stevens Point 2001 Fourth Avenue WI 54481 Stevens Point US
| | - Sierra M. Giebel
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin‐Stevens Point 2001 Fourth Avenue WI 54481 Stevens Point US
| | - Calvin W. Berndt
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin‐Stevens Point 2001 Fourth Avenue WI 54481 Stevens Point US
| | - Eric Bosch
- Department of Chemistry Missouri State University 901 S. National Ave. MO 65897 Springfield US
| | - Erin D. Speetzen
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin‐Stevens Point 2001 Fourth Avenue WI 54481 Stevens Point US
| | - Nathan P. Bowling
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin‐Stevens Point 2001 Fourth Avenue WI 54481 Stevens Point US
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Vang HG, Driscoll ZL, Robinson ER, Green CE, Bosch E, Bowling NP. Conjugated, trans
-Spanning Ligands as Models for Multivalent p
-Phenyleneethynylenes. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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