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Tsai CY, Sakakibara S, Kuan YD, Omori H, El Hussien MA, Okuzaki D, Lu SL, Noda T, Tabata K, Nakamura S, Yoshimori T, Kikutani H. Opposing roles of RUBCN isoforms in autophagy and memory B cell generation. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eade3599. [PMID: 37725663 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.ade3599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
RUBCN (also known as Rubicon) was originally identified as a negative regulator of autophagy, a process by which cells degrade and recycle damaged components or organelles and that requires the activity of the class III PI3K VPS34 and the mTORC1 protein complex. Here, we characterized the role of a shorter isoform, RUBCN100, as an autophagy-promoting factor in B cells. RUBCN100 was translated from alternative translation initiation sites and lacked the RUN domain of the longer, previously characterized RUBCN130 isoform. Specific deficiency of RUBCN130 in B cells enhanced autophagy, which promoted memory B cell generation. In contrast to RUBCN130, which is localized in late endosomes and lysosomes and suppresses the enzymatic activity of VPS34, an effect thought to mediated by its RUN domain, RUBCN100 was preferentially located in early endosomes and enhanced VPS34 activity, presumably because of the absence of the RUN domain. Furthermore, RUBCN100, but not RUBCN130, enhanced autophagy and suppressed mTORC1 activation. Our findings reveal that the opposing roles of two RUBCN isoforms are critical for autophagy regulation and memory B cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yuan Tsai
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shuhei Sakakibara
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yu-Diao Kuan
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroko Omori
- Core Instrumentation Facility, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Maruwa Ali El Hussien
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Single Cell Genomics, Human Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shiou-Ling Lu
- Center for Frontier Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Noda
- Center for Frontier Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tabata
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nakamura
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kikutani
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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2
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Minami S, Matsumoto N, Omori H, Nakamura Y, Tamiya S, Nouda R, Nurdin JA, Yamasaki M, Kotaki T, Kanai Y, Okamoto T, Tachibana T, Ushijima H, Kobayashi T, Sato S. Effective SARS-CoV-2 replication of monolayers of intestinal epithelial cells differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11610. [PMID: 37463955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38548-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes severe acute respiratory symptoms in humans. Controlling the coronavirus disease pandemic is a worldwide priority. The number of SARS-CoV-2 studies has dramatically increased, and the requirement for analytical tools is higher than ever. Here, we propose monolayered-intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) instead of three-dimensional cultured intestinal organoids as a suitable tool to study SARS-CoV-2 infection. Differentiated IEC monolayers express high levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), host factors essential for SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS-CoV-2 efficiently grows in IEC monolayers. Using this propagation system, we confirm that TMPRSS2 inhibition blocked SARS-CoV-2 infection in IECs. Hence, our iPSC-derived IEC monolayers are suitable for SARS-CoV-2 research under physiologically relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Minami
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naomi Matsumoto
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroko Omori
- Core Instrumentation Facility, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakamura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 640-8156, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Tamiya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 640-8156, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Nouda
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jeffery A Nurdin
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Moeko Yamasaki
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kotaki
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuta Kanai
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toru Okamoto
- Institute for Advanced Co-creation Studies, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taro Tachibana
- Cell Engineering Corporation, Osaka, 532-0011, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ushijima
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Shintaro Sato
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 640-8156, Japan.
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3
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Hirade Y, Kubota M, Kitae K, Yamamoto H, Omori H, Shinoki S, Ohmura T, Tsujikawa K. A novel application of hectorite nanoclay for preparation of colorectal cancer spheroids with malignant potential. Lab Chip 2023; 23:609-623. [PMID: 36633172 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00750a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture, which provides an in vivo-like environment in vitro unlike the conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture, has attracted much attention from researchers. Although various 3D cell culture methods have been developed, information on a method using inorganic nanoclay is scant. Here, we report that hectorite, an inorganic layered silicate, can be used as an auxiliary material for 3D cell culture. Human colon cancer cell lines cultured in a medium containing 0.01% synthetic hectorite spontaneously formed 3D spheroids in an adherent plate. Morphologically, these spheroids were more dispersed in all directions than control spheroids generated in an ultralow adherent plate. Microarray analysis showed that FGF19, TGM2, and SERPINA3, whose expression is reportedly increased in colon cancer tissues and is related to tumorigenesis or metastasis, were upregulated in HT-29 spheroids formed using synthetic hectorite compared with those in control spheroids. Gene ontology analysis revealed upregulation of genes associated with morphogenesis, cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix, cellular uptake and secretion, signaling pathways, and gene expression regulation. Moreover, fluorescence-labeled hectorite particles were localized in the cytoplasm of individual cells in spheroids. These results suggest that the synthetic hectorite modified the physiological state of and gene expression within the cells, triggering spheroid formation with malignant characteristics. Our findings highlight a novel application of synthetic hectorite for 3D cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Hirade
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Munehiro Kubota
- Iwaki Laboratory, Kunimine Industries Co, Ltd, 23-5 Kuidesaku, Shimofunao, Iwaki, Fukushima 972-8312, Japan
| | - Kaori Kitae
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Harumi Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hiroko Omori
- Core Instrumentation Facility, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Susumu Shinoki
- Iwaki Laboratory, Kunimine Industries Co, Ltd, 23-5 Kuidesaku, Shimofunao, Iwaki, Fukushima 972-8312, Japan
| | - Takao Ohmura
- Kunimine Industries Co, Ltd, 23-5 Kuidesaku, Shimofunao, Iwaki, Fukushima 972-8312, Japan
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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4
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Yamamoto YH, Kasai A, Omori H, Takino T, Sugihara M, Umemoto T, Hamasaki M, Hatta T, Natsume T, Morimoto RI, Arai R, Waguri S, Sato M, Sato K, Bar-Nun S, Yoshimori T, Noda T, Nagata K. Correction: ERdj8 governs the size of autophagosomes during the formation process. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212542. [PMID: 34357389 PMCID: PMC8424469 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.20190312707282021c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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5
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Yamamoto YH, Kasai A, Omori H, Takino T, Sugihara M, Umemoto T, Hamasaki M, Hatta T, Natsume T, Morimoto RI, Arai R, Waguri S, Sato M, Sato K, Bar-Nun S, Yoshimori T, Noda T, Nagata K. ERdj8 governs the size of autophagosomes during the formation process. J Cell Biol 2021; 219:151832. [PMID: 32492081 PMCID: PMC7401821 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201903127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In macroautophagy, membrane structures called autophagosomes engulf substrates and deliver them for lysosomal degradation. Autophagosomes enwrap a variety of targets with diverse sizes, from portions of cytosol to larger organelles. However, the mechanism by which autophagosome size is controlled remains elusive. We characterized a novel ER membrane protein, ERdj8, in mammalian cells. ERdj8 localizes to a meshwork-like ER subdomain along with phosphatidylinositol synthase (PIS) and autophagy-related (Atg) proteins. ERdj8 overexpression extended the size of the autophagosome through its DnaJ and TRX domains. ERdj8 ablation resulted in a defect in engulfing larger targets. C. elegans, in which the ERdj8 orthologue dnj-8 was knocked down, could perform autophagy on smaller mitochondria derived from the paternal lineage but not the somatic mitochondria. Thus, ERdj8 may play a critical role in autophagosome formation by providing the capacity to target substrates of diverse sizes for degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo-Hei Yamamoto
- Center for Frontier Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Institute for Protein Dynamics, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan.,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ayano Kasai
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroko Omori
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoe Takino
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Munechika Sugihara
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Umemoto
- Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maho Hamasaki
- Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hatta
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.,Robotic Biology Institute, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Natsume
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.,Robotic Biology Institute, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Richard I Morimoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Ritsuko Arai
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Waguri
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Miyuki Sato
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Ken Sato
- Laboratory of Molecular Traffic, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan.,Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Gunma, Japan
| | - Shoshana Bar-Nun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Noda
- Center for Frontier Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Graduate School of Frontier Bioscience, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nagata
- Institute for Protein Dynamics, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan.,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology, Saitama, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
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6
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Kovarnik T, Matsuo H, Jerabek S, Kawase Y, Omori H, Tanigaki T, Zemanek D, Kral A, Pudil J, Vodzinska A, Branny M, Kala P, Mendiz O, Mates M, Mrozek J. Coronary flow reserve can explain some of FFR and iFR discrepancies. Results from international, multicenter and prospective trial. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The trial collected prospective data from physiology measurements of borderline lesions in five Czech, one Japan and one Argentinian cathlabs. The main purposes were to analyze diagnostic agreement between FFR (fractional flow reserve) and iFR (instantaneous wave free ratio) examinations and to find possible explanations for discrepant results.
Methods
FFR and iFR examinations were analyzed using Philips-Volcano console and coronary flow reserve (CFR) was analyzed by using Combomap machine Philips-Volcano. Hyperemia for FFR and CFR measurements was induced by intracoronary administration of adenosine. We used CFR as a truth for comparison between FFR and iFR, because CFR has higher impact on patients prognosis than pressures indices.
Results
Data were collected from February 2016 to June 2019 and the database includes 1.789 examinations from 1.492 patients (282 of them, 15.8%, with ACS). CFR were measured in 343 lesions in 293 patients. (ACS 31.2%). Overall correlation between FFR and iFR is high (R=0.86 p<0.0001). The FFR/iFR discrepancy occurred in 84 measurements (24.5%), more frequently it was FFRp (positive) / iFRn (negative) type of discrepancy (65, 18.9%) compare to FFRn/iFRp (19, 5.5%) one. There was no difference in occurrence of FFR/iFR discrepancy in stable patients and ACS ones (25.1%vs. 22.4%, p=0.59). The CFR correlated better with iFR than with FFR (R=0.56, p<0.0001 vs. R= 0.36, p<0.0001) (see table). In lesions with FFRp/iFRn type of discrepancy we found substantially higher CFR value compared to FFR/iFR agreement group (2.4±0.7 vs. 1.5±0.5, p<0.0001). Unlike to FFRn/iFRp discrepancy, where CFR value was similar with agreement group (1.4±0.1 vs. 1.5±0.1, p=0.25)
Conclusion
The FFR/iFR discrepancy occurred in almost one quarter of examinations. Correlation between CFR and iFR is better than between CFR and FFR. High flow is probably one of the main reason for FFRp/iFRn type of discrepancy.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Czech Health Research Council
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kovarnik
- First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - S Jerabek
- First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - H Omori
- Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - D Zemanek
- First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - A Kral
- First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - J Pudil
- First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - M Branny
- University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - P Kala
- Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - O Mendiz
- Favaloro Foundation University Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Mates
- Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - J Mrozek
- University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
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7
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Yamamoto YH, Kasai A, Omori H, Takino T, Sugihara M, Umemoto T, Hamasaki M, Hatta T, Natsume T, Morimoto RI, Arai R, Waguri S, Sato M, Sato K, Bar-Nun S, Yoshimori T, Noda T, Nagata K. Correction: ERdj8 governs the size of autophagosomes during the formation process. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:152105. [PMID: 32968790 PMCID: PMC7659726 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.20190312709142020c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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8
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Hsieh CL, Hsieh SY, Huang HM, Lu SL, Omori H, Zheng PX, Ho YN, Cheng YL, Lin YS, Chiang-Ni C, Tsai PJ, Wang SY, Liu CC, Noda T, Wu JJ. Nicotinamide Increases Intracellular NAD + Content to Enhance Autophagy-Mediated Group A Streptococcal Clearance in Endothelial Cells. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:117. [PMID: 32117141 PMCID: PMC7026195 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a versatile pathogen that causes a wide spectrum of diseases in humans. Invading host cells is a known strategy for GAS to avoid antibiotic killing and immune recognition. However, the underlying mechanisms of GAS resistance to intracellular killing need to be explored. Endothelial HMEC-1 cells were infected with GAS, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Salmonella Typhimurium under nicotinamide (NAM)-supplemented conditions. The intracellular NAD+ level and cell viability were respectively measured by NAD+ quantification kit and protease-based cytotoxicity assay. Moreover, the intracellular bacteria were analyzed by colony-forming assay, transmission electron microscopy, and confocal microscopy. We found that supplementation with exogenous nicotinamide during infection significantly inhibited the growth of intracellular GAS in endothelial cells. Moreover, the NAD+ content and NAD+/NADH ratio of GAS-infected endothelial cells were dramatically increased, whereas the cell cytotoxicity was decreased by exogenous nicotinamide treatment. After knockdown of the autophagy-related ATG9A, the intracellular bacterial load was increased in nicotinamide-treated endothelial cells. The results of Western blot and transmission electron microscopy also revealed that cells treated with nicotinamide can increase autophagy-associated LC3 conversion and double-membrane formation during GAS infection. Confocal microscopy images further showed that more GAS-containing vacuoles were colocalized with lysosome under nicotinamide-supplemented conditions than without nicotinamide treatment. In contrast to GAS, supplementation with exogenous nicotinamide did not effectively inhibit the growth of MRSA or S. Typhimurium in endothelial cells. These results indicate that intracellular NAD+ homeostasis is crucial for controlling intracellular GAS infection in endothelial cells. In addition, nicotinamide may be a potential new therapeutic agent to overcome persistent infections of GAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Lu Hsieh
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ying Hsieh
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Min Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shiou-Ling Lu
- Center for Frontier Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroko Omori
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Po-Xing Zheng
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ning Ho
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lin Cheng
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Shin Lin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chuan Chiang-Ni
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jane Tsai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ying Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chuan Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Takeshi Noda
- Center for Frontier Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jiunn-Jong Wu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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9
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Ota H, Omori H, Tanigaki T, Okamoto S, Hirata T, Kikuchi J, Sobue Y, Miyake T, Kawamura I, Kawase Y, Okubo M, Kamiya H, Tsuchiya K, Matsuo H. 6108Efficacy of the PCSK9 inhibitor for lipid-rich coronary plaque reduction: a near-infrared spectroscopy analysis. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Recently, some studies have highlighted proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors produce incremental low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering effect. However, it is unknown whether the lipid composition of plaque changes is associated with serum LDL-C reduction due to PCSK9 inhibitors administration.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of PCSK9 inhibitor (PCSK9i) on coronary plaque component in patients with a history of coronary artery disease (CAD) assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy intravascular ultrasound (NIRS-IVUS).
Methods
A total of 67 non-culprit coronary segments were identified in 34 patients. These lesions were analyzed utilizing NIRS-IVUS at baseline and follow-up coronary angiography (CAG). The subjects were divided into two groups according to lipid-lowering treatment; administration of PCSK9i group (PCSK9i: 19 segments, 9 patients) and traditional statin treatment group (Control: 48 segments, 25 patients). The change of lipid-rich plaque distribution between baseline and follow-up NIRS-IVUS was defined as the change of maximal lipid core burden index (LCBI) score for each of the 4-mm longitudinal segments (maxLCBI4mm).
Results
Mean duration from baseline to follow-up CAG was 239.4±52.4 days in the PCSK9i group and 341.0±84.1 days in the Control group (p<0.001). Despite the higher total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the PCSK9i group at baseline (206.6±40.9 mg/dl vs. 168.5±37.1 mg/dl, 131.5±35.4 mg/dl vs. 100.0±29.5 mg/dl; respectively, p<0.001 for both), the PCSK9i group was significantly lower TC and LDL-C at the follow-up (111.5±23.5 mg/dl vs. 157.4±27.8 mg/dl, 40.8±15.7 mg/dl vs. 86.2±19.6 mg/dl; respectively, p<0.001 for both). Furthermore, the PCSK9i group induced greater regression of maxLCBI4mm than that of Control group (99.6±156.6 vs. 27.9±118.0, p=0.046) (Figure).
Figure 1
Conclusion
Compared with traditional statin therapy, PCSK9i treatment resulted in a greater decrease in lipid component in non-culprit coronary plaques. Therefore, PCSK9i may be useful option in preventing from adverse coronary events for the patients with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ota
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Omori
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Tanigaki
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - S Okamoto
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Hirata
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - J Kikuchi
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - Y Sobue
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Miyake
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - I Kawamura
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - Y Kawase
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - M Okubo
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Kamiya
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - K Tsuchiya
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Matsuo
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
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10
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Hirata T, Tanigaki T, Kawase Y, Hirakawa A, Omori H, Okamoto S, Ota H, Sobue Y, Kikuchi J, Okubo M, Kamiya H, Kawasaki M, Suzuki T, Pijls NHJ, Matsuo H. Post-occlusional hyperemia for fractional flow reserve assessment and pull-back curve analysis. Cardiovasc Interv Ther 2019; 35:142-149. [PMID: 30788697 DOI: 10.1007/s12928-019-00579-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Balloon occlusion is a potential method for inducing hyperemia to measure post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) fractional flow reserve (FFR). The objective of this study was to determine the clinical usefulness of post-occlusional hyperemia. FFRs measured using post-occlusional hyperemia caused by 30 (FFRoccl30) and 60 s (FFRoccl60) of balloon occlusion after PCI were compared in 60 lesions from 60 patients. The duration of hyperemia was also measured. There was a strong correlation between FFRoccl30 and FFRoccl60 (r = 0.969, p < 0.01). The duration of hyperemia was significantly longer with FFRoccl60 than with FFRoccl30 (68 ± 23 vs. 37 ± 15 s, p < 0.01). The time required for pullback curve analysis was around 45 s. However, in 7 (12%) cases, the duration of hyperemia with FFRoccl60 was < 45 s, which was not enough for pull-back curve analysis. To predict the duration of hyperemia with FFRoccl60 ≥ 45 s, the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed a cut-off value of 25 s of hyperemia with FFRoccl30. FFRoccl30 is sufficient for diagnostic purposes. FFRoccl60 is suitable for pull-back curve analysis in select cases based on predictions made using the duration of hyperemia with FFRoccl30.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hirata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, 4-14-4 Yabutaminami, Gifu city, 5008384, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Tanigaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, 4-14-4 Yabutaminami, Gifu city, 5008384, Gifu, Japan
| | - Y Kawase
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, 4-14-4 Yabutaminami, Gifu city, 5008384, Gifu, Japan.
| | - A Hirakawa
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Omori
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, 4-14-4 Yabutaminami, Gifu city, 5008384, Gifu, Japan
| | - S Okamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, 4-14-4 Yabutaminami, Gifu city, 5008384, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Ota
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, 4-14-4 Yabutaminami, Gifu city, 5008384, Gifu, Japan
| | - Y Sobue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, 4-14-4 Yabutaminami, Gifu city, 5008384, Gifu, Japan
| | - J Kikuchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, 4-14-4 Yabutaminami, Gifu city, 5008384, Gifu, Japan
| | - M Okubo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, 4-14-4 Yabutaminami, Gifu city, 5008384, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Kamiya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, 4-14-4 Yabutaminami, Gifu city, 5008384, Gifu, Japan
| | - M Kawasaki
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Suzuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, 4-14-4 Yabutaminami, Gifu city, 5008384, Gifu, Japan
| | - N H J Pijls
- Department of Cardiology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - H Matsuo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, 4-14-4 Yabutaminami, Gifu city, 5008384, Gifu, Japan
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11
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Makuuchi R, Fujiya K, Omori H, Irino T, Tanizawa Y, Bando E, Kawamura T, Terashima M. The optimal extent of lymph node dissection for Siewert type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction. Eur J Surg Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.10.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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12
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Omori H, Witberg G, Kawase Y, Tanigaki T, Okamoto S, Hirata T, Sobue Y, Ota H, Kamiya H, Okubo M, Valzer O, Kornowski R, Matsuo H. Angiogram based fractional flow reserve in patients with dual/triple vessel coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol 2019; 283:17-22. [PMID: 30819589 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the performance of angiography derived Fractional Flow Reserve (FFRangio) in multivessel disease (MVD) patients undergoing angiography. BACKGROUND FFR is the reference standard for physiologic assessment of coronary stenosis and guidance of revascularization, especially in patients with MVD, yet it remains grossly underutilized. The non-wire based FFRangio performs well in non-MVD patients, but its accuracy in MVD is unknown. METHODS A prospective clinical study was conducted at Gifu Heart Centre, Japan. Patients underwent physiologic assessment of all relevant coronary lesions using wire-based FFR (wbFFR) and FFRangio. Primary outcome was diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy) for FFRangio with wbFFR as reference. Other outcomes were the correlation between wbFFR/FFRangio, time required for wbFFR/FFRangio measurements, and the effect of wbFFR/FFRangio on the reclassification of coronary disease severity. RESULTS Fifty patients (118 lesions in total) were included. Mean age was 72 ± 9 years, 72% were male, 36% had triple vessel disease and the average SYNTAX score was 13. The mean measurement of wbFFR and FFRangio were 0.83 ± 0.12 and 0.81 ± 0.11, respectively. Accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for FFRangio were 92.3% (95% CI 79.1-98.4%), 92.4% (95% CI 84.3-97.2%) and 92.4% (95% CI 87.4-97.3%), respectively. Pearson's r between wbFFR and FFRangio was 0.83. FFRangio measurement was faster than wbFFR (9.6 ± 3.4 vs. 15.0 ± 8.9 min, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In patients with MVD, FFRangio shows good correlation and excellent diagnostic performance compared to wbFFR, and measuring FFRangio is faster than wbFFR. These results highlight the potential clinical benefits of utilizing FFRangio among patients with MVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Omori
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - G Witberg
- Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | - Y Kawase
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Tanigaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - S Okamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Hirata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Y Sobue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Ota
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Kamiya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - M Okubo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - O Valzer
- Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel; CathWorks, Kfar-Saba, Israel
| | - R Kornowski
- Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - H Matsuo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
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13
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Ota H, Tanigaki T, Okamoto S, Omori H, Hirata T, Kikuchi J, Kawase Y, Okubo M, Kamiya H, Matsuo H. P2635Association between near-infrared spectroscopy and coronary computed tomographic angiography for lipid containing coronary plaques. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Ota
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Tanigaki
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - S Okamoto
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Omori
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Hirata
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - J Kikuchi
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - Y Kawase
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - M Okubo
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Kamiya
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Matsuo
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
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14
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Ota H, Tanigaki T, Okamoto S, Omori H, Hirata T, Kikuchi J, Kawase Y, Okubo M, Kamiya H, Matsuo H. P750Impact of lipid plaque component reduction during percutaneous coronary intervention on cardiac troponin elevation after procedure: a near-infrared spectroscopy analysis. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy564.p750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Ota
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Tanigaki
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - S Okamoto
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Omori
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Hirata
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - J Kikuchi
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - Y Kawase
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - M Okubo
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Kamiya
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Matsuo
- Gifu Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Gifu, Japan
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15
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Sobue Y, Matsuo H, Kawase Y, Kondo T, Tanigaki T, Okamoto S, Omori H, Hirata T, Kikuchi J, Ota H, Miyake T, Kawamura I, Kamiya H, Tsuchiya K, Suzuki T. 3284Impact of noninvasive fractional flow reserve derived from coronary computed tomography angiography for prognosis in patients with suspected stable coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.3284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sobue
- Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | | | | | - T Kondo
- Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | | | | | - H Omori
- Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | | | | | - H Ota
- Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - T Suzuki
- Toyohashi Heart Center, Toyohashi, Japan
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16
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Sobue Y, Matsuo H, Kawase Y, Kondo T, Tanigaki T, Okamoto S, Omori H, Hirata T, Kikuchi J, Ota H, Kawamura I, Okubo M, Kamiya H, Suzuki T. P1784Risk stratification with combined FFR-CT and Agatston score in patient with suspected coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sobue
- Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | | | | | - T Kondo
- Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | | | | | - H Omori
- Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | | | | | - H Ota
- Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - M Okubo
- Gifu Heart Center, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - T Suzuki
- Toyohashi Heart Center, Toyohashi, Japan
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17
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Kawase Y, Kawasaki M, Omori H, Tanigaki T, Okamoto S, Ota H, Kikuchi J, Okubo M, Kamiya H, Hirakawa A, Suzuki T, Matsuo H. P1745An old but new method for induction of hyperaemia: A validation study. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p1745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Lu SL, Kawabata T, Cheng YL, Omori H, Hamasaki M, Kusaba T, Iwamoto R, Arimoto H, Noda T, Lin YS, Yoshimori T. Endothelial cells are intrinsically defective in xenophagy of Streptococcus pyogenes. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006444. [PMID: 28683091 PMCID: PMC5500369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is deleterious pathogenic bacteria whose interaction with blood vessels leads to life-threatening bacteremia. Although xenophagy, a special form of autophagy, eliminates invading GAS in epithelial cells, we found that GAS could survive and multiply in endothelial cells. Endothelial cells were competent in starvation-induced autophagy, but failed to form double-membrane structures surrounding GAS, an essential step in xenophagy. This deficiency stemmed from reduced recruitment of ubiquitin and several core autophagy proteins in endothelial cells, as demonstrated by the fact that it could be rescued by exogenous coating of GAS with ubiquitin. The defect was associated with reduced NO-mediated ubiquitin signaling. Therefore, we propose that the lack of efficient clearance of GAS in endothelial cells is caused by their intrinsic inability to target GAS with ubiquitin to promote autophagosome biogenesis for xenophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiou-Ling Lu
- Department of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawabata
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yi-Lin Cheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National-Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hiroko Omori
- Research Institute for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maho Hamasaki
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kusaba
- Department of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryo Iwamoto
- Department of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Arimoto
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takeshi Noda
- Graduate School of Frontier Bioscience, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Frontier Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yee-Shin Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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19
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Ouji Y, Sakagami M, Omori H, Higashiyama S, Kawai N, Kitahara T, Wanaka A, Yoshikawa M. Efficient induction of inner ear hair cell-like cells from mouse ES cells using combination of Math1 transfection and conditioned medium from ST2 stromal cells. Stem Cell Res 2017; 23:50-56. [PMID: 28689068 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We sought to establish a more efficient technique for induction of inner ear hair cell-like cells (HC-like cells) from embryonic stem cells (ES cells) by using a combination of two previously reported methods; ST2 stromal cell-conditioned medium, known to be favorable for HC-like cell induction (HIST2 method), and ES cells with transfer of the Math1 gene (Math1-ES cells). Math1-ES cells carrying Tet-inducible Math1 were cultured for 14days with doxycycline in conditioned medium from cultures of ST2 stromal cells following formation of 4-day embryoid bodies (EBs). Although each of the previously introduced methods have been reported to induce approximately 20% HC-like cells and 10% HC-like cells in their respective populations in EB outgrowths at the end of the culture periods, the present combined method was able to generate approximately 30% HC-like cells expressing HC-related markers (myosin6, myosin7a, calretinin, α9AchR, Brn3c), which showed remarkable formation of stereocilia-like structures. Analysis of expressions of marker genes specific for cochlear (Lmod3, Emcn) and vestibular (Dnah5, Ptgds) cells indicated that our HIST2 method may lead to induction of cochlear- and vestibular-type cells. In addition, continuous Math1 induction by doxycycline without use of the HIST2 method preferentially induced cochlear markers with negligible effects on vestibular marker induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiteru Ouji
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - Masaharu Sakagami
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroko Omori
- Core Instrumentation Facility, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Higashiyama
- Core Instrumentation Facility, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Central Instrumentation Laboratory, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norikazu Kawai
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kitahara
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Akio Wanaka
- Department of Second Anatomy, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Masahide Yoshikawa
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
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20
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Tabata K, Arimoto M, Arakawa M, Nara A, Saito K, Omori H, Arai A, Ishikawa T, Konishi E, Suzuki R, Matsuura Y, Morita E. Unique Requirement for ESCRT Factors in Flavivirus Particle Formation on the Endoplasmic Reticulum. Cell Rep 2016; 16:2339-47. [PMID: 27545892 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavivirus infection induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane rearrangements to generate a compartment for replication of the viral genome and assembly of viral particles. Using quantitative mass spectrometry, we identified several ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) proteins that are recruited to sites of virus replication on the ER. Systematic small interfering RNA (siRNA) screening revealed that release of both dengue virus and Japanese encephalitis virus was dramatically decreased by single depletion of TSG101 or co-depletion of specific combinations of ESCRT-III proteins, resulting in ≥1,000-fold titer reductions. By contrast, release was unaffected by depletion of some core ESCRTs, including VPS4. Reintroduction of ESCRT proteins to siRNA-depleted cells revealed interactions among ESCRT proteins that are crucial for flavivirus budding. Electron-microscopy studies revealed that the CHMP2 and CHMP4 proteins function directly in membrane deformation at the ER. Thus, a unique and specific subset of ESCRT contributes to ER membrane biogenesis during flavivirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Tabata
- Laboratory of Viral Infection, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masaru Arimoto
- Laboratory of Viral Infection, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masashi Arakawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Atsuki Nara
- Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-science and Technology, Nagahama 526-0829, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Saito
- Core Instrumentation Facility, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroko Omori
- Core Instrumentation Facility, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Arisa Arai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ishikawa
- Department of Microbiology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293 Japan
| | - Eiji Konishi
- BIKEN Endowed Department of Dengue Vaccine Development, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; BIKEN Endowed Department of Dengue Vaccine Development, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Ryosuke Suzuki
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Matsuura
- Department of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eiji Morita
- Laboratory of Viral Infection, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan.
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21
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Rahayu R, Ohsaki E, Omori H, Ueda K. Localization of latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) on mitotic chromosomes. Virology 2016; 496:51-58. [PMID: 27254595 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In latent infection of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), viral gene expression is extremely limited and copy numbers of viral genomes remain constant. Latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) is known to have a role in maintaining viral genome copy numbers in growing cells. Several studies have shown that LANA is localized in particular regions on mitotic chromosomes, such as centromeres/pericentromeres. We independently examined the distinct localization of LANA on mitotic chromosomes during mitosis, using super-resolution laser confocal microscopy and correlative fluorescence microscopy-electron microscopy (FM-EM) analyses. We found that the majority of LANA were not localized at particular regions such as telomeres/peritelomeres, centromeres/pericentromeres, and cohesion sites, but at the bodies of condensed chromosomes. Thus, LANA may undergo various interactions with the host factors on the condensed chromosomes in order to tether the viral genome to mitotic chromosomes and realize faithful viral genome segregation during cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Retno Rahayu
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eriko Ohsaki
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroko Omori
- Central Instrumentation Laboratory Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (BIKEN), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keiji Ueda
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Kato Y, Kamo H, Kobayashi A, Abe S, Okada-Ogawa A, Noma N, Kukimoto N, Omori H, Nakazato H, Kishi H, Ikeda M, Imamura Y. Quantitative evaluation of oral function in acute and recovery phase of idiopathic facial palsy; a preliminary controlled study. Clin Otolaryngol 2013; 38:231-6. [DOI: 10.1111/coa.12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Kato
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences; Nihon University School of Dentistry; Tokyo; Japan
| | - H. Kamo
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences; Nihon University School of Dentistry; Tokyo; Japan
| | - A. Kobayashi
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences; Nihon University School of Dentistry; Tokyo; Japan
| | - S. Abe
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences; Nihon University School of Dentistry; Tokyo; Japan
| | | | | | - N. Kukimoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Nihon University School of Medicine; Tokyo; Japan
| | - H. Omori
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Nihon University School of Medicine; Tokyo; Japan
| | - H. Nakazato
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Nihon University School of Medicine; Tokyo; Japan
| | - H. Kishi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Nihon University School of Medicine; Tokyo; Japan
| | - M. Ikeda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Nihon University School of Medicine; Tokyo; Japan
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23
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Saitoh T, Komano J, Saitoh Y, Misawa T, Takahama M, Kozaki T, Uehata T, Iwasaki H, Omori H, Yamaoka S, Yamamoto N, Akira S. Neutrophil extracellular traps mediate a host defense response to human immunodeficiency virus-1. Cell Host Microbe 2013; 12:109-16. [PMID: 22817992 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2012.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 482] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils contribute to pathogen clearance by producing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are genomic DNA-based net-like structures that capture bacteria and fungi. Although NETs also express antiviral factors, such as myeloperoxidase and α-defensin, the involvement of NETs in antiviral responses remains unclear. We show that NETs capture human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and promote HIV-1 elimination through myeloperoxidase and α-defensin. Neutrophils detect HIV-1 by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) TLR7 and TLR8, which recognize viral nucleic acids. Engagement of TLR7 and TLR8 induces the generation of reactive oxygen species that trigger NET formation, leading to NET-dependent HIV-1 elimination. However, HIV-1 counteracts this response by inducing C-type lectin CD209-dependent production of interleukin (IL)-10 by dendritic cells to inhibit NET formation. IL-10 suppresses the reactive oxygen species-dependent generation of NETs induced upon TLR7 and TLR8 engagement, resulting in disrupted NET-dependent HIV-1 elimination. Therefore, NET formation is an antiviral response that is counteracted by HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Saitoh
- Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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24
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Ishibashi K, Fujita N, Kanno E, Omori H, Yoshimori T, Itoh T, Fukuda M. Atg16L2, a novel isoform of mammalian Atg16L that is not essential for canonical autophagy despite forming an Atg12–5-16L2 complex. Autophagy 2012; 7:1500-13. [PMID: 22082872 DOI: 10.4161/auto.7.12.18025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A large protein complex consisting of Atg5, Atg12 and Atg16L1 has recently been shown to be essential for the elongation of isolation membranes (also called phagophores) during mammalian autophagy. However, the precise function and regulation of the Atg12–5-16L1 complex has largely remained unknown. In this study we identified a novel isoform of mammalian Atg16L, termed Atg16L2, that consists of the same domain structures as Atg16L1. Biochemical analysis revealed that Atg16L2 interacts with Atg5 and self-oligomerizes to form an ~800-kDa complex, the same as Atg16L1 does. A subcellular distribution analysis indicated that, despite forming the Atg12–5-16L2 complex, Atg16L2 is not recruited to phagophores and is mostly present in the cytosol. The results also showed that Atg16L2 is unable to compensate for the function of Atg16L1 in autophagosome formation, and knockdown of endogenous Atg16L2 did not affect autophagosome formation, indicating that Atg16L2 does not possess the ability to mediate canonical autophagy. Moreover, a chimeric analysis between Atg16L1 and Atg16L2 revealed that their difference in function in regard to autophagy is entirely attributable to the difference between their middle regions that contain a coiled-coil domain. Based on the above findings, we propose that formation of the Atg12–5-16L complex is necessary but insufficient to mediate mammalian autophagy and that an additional function of the middle region (especially around amino acid residues 229–242) of Atg16L1 (e.g., interaction with an unidentified binding partner on phagophores) is required for autophagosome formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koutaro Ishibashi
- Department of Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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25
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Yi Chun DX, Alexandre H, Edith B, Nacera O, Julie P, Chantal J, Eric R, Zhang X, Jin Y, Miravete M, Dissard R, Klein J, Gonzalez J, Caubet C, Pecher C, Pipy B, Bascands JL, Mercier-Bonin M, Schanstra J, Buffin-Meyer B, Claire R, Rigothier C, Richard D, Sebastien L, Moin S, Chantal B, Christian C, Jean R, Migliori M, Migliori M, Cantaluppi V, Mannari C, Medica D, Giovannini L, Panichi V, Goldwich A, Alexander S, Andre G, Amann K, Migliorini A, Sagrinati C, Angelotti ML, Mulay SR, Ronconi E, Peired A, Romagnani P, Anders HJ, Chiang WC, Lai CF, Peng WH, Wu CF, Chang FC, Chen YT, Lin SL, Chen YM, Wu KD, Lu KS, Tsai TJ, Virgine O, Qing Feng F, Zhang SY, Dominique D, Vincent A, Marina C, Philippe L, Georges G, Pawlak A, Sahali D, Matsumoto S, Kiyomoto H, Ichimura A, Dan T, Nakamichi T, Tsujita T, Akahori K, Ito S, Miyata T, Xie S, Zhang B, Shi W, Yang Y, Nagasu H, Satoh M, Kidokoro K, Nishi Y, Ihoriya C, Kadoya H, Sasaki T, Kashihara N, Wu CF, Chang FC, Chen YT, Chou YH, Duffield J, Lin SL, Rocca C, Rocca C, Gregorini M, Corradetti V, Valsania T, Bedino G, Bosio F, Pattonieri EF, Esposito P, Sepe V, Libetta C, Rampino T, Dal Canton A, Bedino G, Gregorini M, Corradetti V, Rocca C, Pattonieri EF, Valsania T, Bosio F, Esposito P, Sepe V, Libetta C, Rampino T, Dal Canton A, Omori H, Kawada N, Inoue K, Ueda Y, Yamamoto R, Matsui I, Kaimori J, Takabatake Y, Moriyama T, Isaka Y, Rakugi H, Wasilewska A, Taranta-Janusz K, Deebek W, Kuroczycka-Saniutycz E, Lee AS, Lee AS, Lee JE, Jung YJ, Kang KP, Lee S, Kim W, Arfian N, Emoto N, Yagi K, Nakayama K, Hartopo AB, Nugrahaningsih DA, Yanagisawa M, Hirata KI, Munoz-Felix JM, Lopez-Novoa JM, Martinez-Salgado C, Oujo B, Munoz-Felix JM, Arevalo M, Bernabeu C, Perez-Barriocanal F, Lopez-Novoa JM, Jesper K, Nathalie V, Pierre G, Yi Chun DX, Alexandre H, Eric R, Iyoda M, Shibata T, Matsumoto K, Shindo-Hirai Y, Kuno Y, Wada Y, Akizawa T, Schwartz I, Schwartz D, Prot Bertoye C, Prot Bertoye C, Terryn S, Claver J, Beghdadi WB, Monteiro R, Blank U, Devuyst O, Daugas E, Van Beneden K, Geers C, Pauwels M, Mannaerts I, Van den Branden C, Van Grunsven LA, Seckin I, Pekpak M, Uzunalan M, Uruluer B, Kokturk S, Ozturk Z, Sonmez H, Yaprak E, Furuno Y, Tsutsui M, Morishita T, Shimokawa H, Otsuji Y, Yanagihara N, Kabashima N, Ryota S, Kanegae K, Miyamoto T, Nakamata J, Ishimatsu N, Tamura M, Nakagawa T, Nakagawa T, Ichikawa K, Miyamoto M, Takabayashi D, Yamazaki H, Kakeshita K, Koike T, Kagitani S, Tomoda F, Hamashima T, Ishii Y, Inoue H, Sasahara M, El Machhour F, Kerroch M, Mesnard L, Chatziantoniou C, Dussaule JC, Inui K, Sasai F, Maruta Y, Nishiwaki H, Kawashima E, Inoue Y, Yoshimura A, Matsumoto K, Matsumoto K, Iyoda M, Shibata T, Wada Y, Shindo-Hirai Y, Kuno Y, Akizawa T, Musacchio E, Priante G, Valvason C, Sartori L, Baggio B, Kim JH, Gross O, Diana R, Gry DH, Asimal B, Johanna T, Imke SE, Lydia W, Gerhard-Anton M, Hassan D, Cano JL, Griera M, Olmos G, Martin P, Cortes MA, Lopez-Ongil S, Rodriguez-Puyol D, DE Frutos S, Gonzalez M, DE Frutos S, Cano JL, Luengo A, Martin P, Rodriguez-Puyol M, Calleros L, Lupica R, Lacquaniti A, Donato V, Maggio R, Mastroeni C, Lucisano S, Cernaro V, Fazio MR, Quartarone A, Buemi M, Kacik M, Goedicke S, Eggert H, Hoyer JD, Wurm S, Wurm S, Steege A, Banas M, Kurtz A, Banas B, Lasagni L, Lazzeri E, Peired A, Angelotti ML, Ronconi E, Romoli S, Romagnani P, Schaefer I, Teng B, Worthmann K, Haller H, Schiffer M, Prattichizzo C, Netti GS, Rocchetti MT, Cormio L, Carrieri G, Stallone G, Grandaliano G, Ranieri E, Gesualdo L, Kucher A, Smirnov A, Parastayeva M, Beresneva O, Kayukov I, Zubina I, Ivanova G, Abed A, Schlekenbach L, Foglia B, Chatziantoniou C, Kwak B, Chadjichristos C, Queisser N, Schupp N, Brand S, Himer L, Himer L, Szebeni B, Sziksz E, Saijo S, Kis E, Prokai A, Banki NF, Fekete A, Tulassay T, Vannay A, Hegner B, Schaub T, Lange C, Dragun D, Klinkhammer BM, Rafael K, Monika M, Anna M, Van Roeyen C, Boor P, Eva Bettina B, Simon O, Esther S, Floege J, Kunter U, Hegner B, Janke D, Schaub T, Lange C, Jankowski J, Dragun D, Hayashi M, Takamatsu I, Horimai C, Yoshida T, Seno DI Marco G, Koenig M, Stock C, Reiermann S, Amler S, Koehler G, Fobker M, Buck F, Pavenstaedt H, Lang D, Brand M, Plotnikov E, Morosanova M, Pevzner I, Zorova L, Pulkova N, Zorov D, Wornle M, Ribeiro A, Belling F, Merkle M, Nakazawa D, Nishio S, Shibasaki S, Tomaru U, Akihiro I, Kobayashi I, Imanishi Y, Kurajoh M, Nagata Y, Yamagata M, Emoto M, Michigami T, Ishimura E, Inaba M, Nishi Y, Satoh M, Sasaki T, Kashihara N, Wu CC, Lu KC, Chen JS, Chu P, Lin YF, Eller K, Schroll A, Banas M, Kirsch A, Huber J, Weiss G, Theurl I, Rosenkranz AR, Zawada A, Rogacev K, Achenbach M, Fliser D, Held G, Heine GH, Miyamoto Y, Iwao Y, Watanabe H, Kadowaki D, Ishima Y, Chuang VTG, Sato K, Otagiri M, Maruyama T, Ueda Y, Iwatani H, Isaka Y, Watanabe H, Honda D, Miyamoto Y, Noguchi T, Kadowaki D, Ishima Y, Tanaka M, Tanaka H, Fukagawa M, Otagiri M, Maruyama T, Wornle M, Ribeiro A, Pircher J, Koppel S, Mannell H, Krotz F, Merkle M, Virzi GM, Bolin C, Cruz D, Scalzotto E, De Cal M, Vescovo G, Ronco C, Virzi GM, Bolin C, Cruz D, Scalzotto E, De Cal M, Vescovo G, Ronco C, Grobmayr R, Lech M, Ryu M, Anders HJ, Aoshima Y, Mizobuchi M, Ogata H, Kumata C, Nakazawa A, Kondo F, Ono N, Koiwa F, Kinugasa E, Akizawa T, Freisinger W, Lale N, Lampert A, Ditting T, Heinlein S, Schmieder RE, Veelken R, Nave H, Perthel R, Suntharalingam M, Bode-Boger S, Beutel G, Kielstein J, Rodrigues-Diez R, Rodrigues-Diez R, Rayego-Mateos S, Lavoz C, Stark Aroeira LG, Orejudo M, Alique M, Ortiz A, Egido J, Ruiz-Ortega M, Oskar W, Rusan C, Schaub T, Hegner B, Dragun D, Padberg JS, Wiesinger A, Brand M, Seno DI Marco G, Reuter S, Grabner A, Kentrup D, Lukasz A, Oberleithner H, Pavenstadt H, Kumpers P, Eberhardt HU, Skerka C, Chen Q, Hallstroem T, Hartmann A, Kemper MJ, Zipfel PF, N'gome-Sendeyo K, Fan QF, Zhang SY, Pawlak A, Sahali D, Wornle M, Ribeiro A, Merkle M, Toblli J, Toblli J, Cao G, Giani JF, Dominici FP, Kim JS, Yang JW, Kim MK, Han BG, Choi SO. Experimental pathology. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Omori
- Takata Koryo Co., Ltd; 22-2, 7-chome, Tsukaguchi-honmachi; Amagasaki; Hyogo; 661-0001; Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nakahara
- Takata Koryo Co., Ltd; 22-2, 7-chome, Tsukaguchi-honmachi; Amagasaki; Hyogo; 661-0001; Japan
| | - Katsumi Umano
- Takata Koryo Co., Ltd; 22-2, 7-chome, Tsukaguchi-honmachi; Amagasaki; Hyogo; 661-0001; Japan
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Kageyama S, Omori H, Saitoh T, Sone T, Guan JL, Akira S, Imamoto F, Noda T, Yoshimori T. The LC3 recruitment mechanism is separate from Atg9L1-dependent membrane formation in the autophagic response against Salmonella. Mol Biol Cell 2011; 22:2290-300. [PMID: 21525242 PMCID: PMC3128531 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e10-11-0893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
When Salmonella invade mammalian epithelial cells, some populations are surrounded by the autophagy protein LC3. We found that LC3 was recruited in proximity to Salmonella independently of both Atg9L1 and FIP200, which are required for formation of autophagosomes. The dynamics of the ULK1 complex and Atg9L1 were dependent on one another. Salmonella develops into resident bacteria in epithelial cells, and the autophagic machinery (Atg) is thought to play an important role in this process. In this paper, we show that an autophagosome-like double-membrane structure surrounds the Salmonella still residing within the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV). This double membrane is defective in Atg9L1- and FAK family-interacting protein of 200 kDa (FIP200)-deficient cells. Atg9L1 and FIP200 are important for autophagy-specific recruitment of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) complex. However, in the absence of Atg9L1, FIP200, and the PI3K complex, LC3 and its E3-like enzyme, the Atg16L complex, are still recruited to Salmonella. We propose that the LC3 system is recruited through a mechanism that is independent of isolation membrane generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Kageyama
- Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Taguchi-Atarashi N, Hamasaki M, Matsunaga K, Omori H, Ktistakis NT, Yoshimori T, Noda T. Modulation of Local PtdIns3P Levels by the PI Phosphatase MTMR3 Regulates Constitutive Autophagy. Traffic 2010; 11:468-78. [PMID: 20059746 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2010.01034.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Taguchi-Atarashi
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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29
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Fujita N, Hayashi-Nishino M, Fukumoto H, Omori H, Yamamoto A, Noda T, Yoshimori T. An Atg4B mutant hampers the lipidation of LC3 paralogues and causes defects in autophagosome closure. Mol Biol Cell 2008; 19:4651-9. [PMID: 18768752 PMCID: PMC2575160 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e08-03-0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2008] [Revised: 07/09/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the process of autophagy, a ubiquitin-like molecule, LC3/Atg8, is conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and associates with forming autophagosomes. In mammalian cells, the existence of multiple Atg8 homologues (referred to as LC3 paralogues) has hampered genetic analysis of the lipidation of LC3 paralogues. Here, we show that overexpression of an inactive mutant of Atg4B, a protease that processes pro-LC3 paralogues, inhibits autophagic degradation and lipidation of LC3 paralogues. Inhibition was caused by sequestration of free LC3 paralogues in stable complexes with the Atg4B mutant. In mutant overexpressing cells, Atg5- and ULK1-positive intermediate autophagic structures accumulated. The length of these membrane structures was comparable to that in control cells; however, a significant number were not closed. These results show that the lipidation of LC3 paralogues is involved in the completion of autophagosome formation in mammalian cells. This study also provides a powerful tool for a wide variety of studies of autophagy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naonobu Fujita
- *Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Genetics, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Mishima 455-8540, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Hayashi-Nishino
- Department of Cell Biology, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan; and
| | - Hiromi Fukumoto
- *Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroko Omori
- *Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akitsugu Yamamoto
- Department of Cell Biology, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan; and
| | - Takeshi Noda
- *Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- *Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi-Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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Fujita N, Itoh T, Omori H, Fukuda M, Noda T, Yoshimori T. The Atg16L complex specifies the site of LC3 lipidation for membrane biogenesis in autophagy. Mol Biol Cell 2008; 19:2092-100. [PMID: 18321988 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e07-12-1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 785] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Two ubiquitin-like molecules, Atg12 and LC3/Atg8, are involved in autophagosome biogenesis. Atg12 is conjugated to Atg5 and forms an approximately 800-kDa protein complex with Atg16L (referred to as Atg16L complex). LC3/Atg8 is conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine and is associated with autophagosome formation, perhaps by enabling membrane elongation. Although the Atg16L complex is required for efficient LC3 lipidation, its role is unknown. Here, we show that overexpression of Atg12 or Atg16L inhibits autophagosome formation. Mechanistically, the site of LC3 lipidation is determined by the membrane localization of the Atg16L complex as well as the interaction of Atg12 with Atg3, the E2 enzyme for the LC3 lipidation process. Forced localization of Atg16L to the plasma membrane enabled ectopic LC3 lipidation at that site. We propose that the Atg16L complex is a new type of E3-like enzyme that functions as a scaffold for LC3 lipidation by dynamically localizing to the putative source membranes for autophagosome formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naonobu Fujita
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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31
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Uematsu S, Kaisho T, Tanaka T, Matsumoto M, Yamakami M, Omori H, Yamamoto M, Yoshimori T, Akira S. The C/EBPβ Isoform 34-kDa LAP Is Responsible for NF-IL-6-Mediated Gene Induction in Activated Macrophages, but Is Not Essential for Intracellular Bacteria Killing. J Immunol 2007; 179:5378-86. [PMID: 17911624 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.8.5378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The C/ebpb gene is translated into three different protein isoforms, two transcriptional activating proteins (38-kDa Full and 34-kDa liver-enriched transcriptional activation protein (LAP)) and one transcriptional inhibitory protein, by alternative use of different AUG initiation codons within the same open reading frame. The isoform 34-kDa LAP is thought to be the most transcriptionally active form of C/EBPbeta in macrophages. To assess the function of the 34-kDa LAP in vivo, we generated knock-in mice, in which methionine 20 of C/EBPbeta, the start site for the 34-kDa LAP is replaced with an alanine. The expression of the 34-kDa LAP was abolished in C/ebpb(M20A/M20A) mice. The induction of C/EBPbeta target genes, such as inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, prostanoid synthetase, and antimicrobial peptides, was abolished in C/ebpb(M20A/M20A) macrophages, and C/ebpb(M20A/M20A) mice were susceptible to Listeria monocytogenes infection. Furthermore, the heat-killed Propionibacterium acnes-induced Th1 response, granuloma formation, and LPS shock were severely impaired. Nevertheless, impairment of intracellular bacteria killing, which is the most prominent phenotype in C/EBPbeta-deficient mice, was not observed in C/ebpb(M20A/M20A) mice. Collectively, we demonstrated that 34-kDa LAP is responsible for NF-IL6-mediated gene induction, but not essential for intracellular bacteria killing in activated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Uematsu
- Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Japan
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Kato T, Tsuda T, Omori H, Kato T, Yoshimori T, Amano A. Maturation of fimbria precursor protein by exogenous gingipains in Porphyromonas gingivalis gingipain-null mutant. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2007; 273:96-102. [PMID: 17559394 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00779.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis expresses several virulence factors such as fimbriae and proteases, termed gingipains, which are enzymes that process precursor fimbriae proteins. Thus, gingipain-null mutants lack mature fimbriae. Membrane vesicle-depleted supernatants (VDS) containing soluble gingipains were prepared as an exogenous gingipain fraction. Precursor proteins were treated with VDS and a fimbriated gingipain-null mutant was successfully generated. Experiments showed that the wild strain adhered to and invaded epithelial cells at a greater level than the fimbriated gingipain-null mutant, while adhesion/invasion was prevented in the presence of fetal calf serum, which inhibits gingipain activity. The findings of this study suggest that gingipains expose cellular cryptic ligands in a proteolytic manner and promote fimbriae binding to epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kato
- Department of Oral Frontier Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita-Osaka, Japan
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Kato T, Kawai S, Nakano K, Inaba H, Kuboniwa M, Nakagawa I, Tsuda K, Omori H, Ooshima T, Yoshimori T, Amano A. Virulence of Porphyromonas gingivalis is altered by substitution of fimbria gene with different genotype. Cell Microbiol 2006; 9:753-65. [PMID: 17081195 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00825.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a periodontal pathogen whose fimbriae are classified into six genotypes based on the diversity of the fimA genes encoding each fimbria subunit. It was suggested that P. gingivalis strains with type II fimbriae were more virulent than type I strains. For the present study, we generated the mutants in which fimA was substituted with different genotypes to study virulence of type II fimbriae. Using plasmid vectors, fimA of ATCC33277 (type I strain) was substituted with type II fimA, and that of OMZ314 (type II strain) with type I fimA. The substitution of type I fimA with type II enhanced bacterial adhesion/invasion to epithelial cells, whereas substitution with type I fimA resulted in diminished efficiency. Following bacterial invasion, type II clones swiftly degraded cellular paxillin and focal adhesion kinase, and inhibited cellular migration, whereas type I clones and DeltafimA mutants did not. BIAcore analysis demonstrated that type II fimbriae possess greater adhesive abilities for their receptor alpha5beta1-integrin than those of type I. In a mouse abscess model, the type II clones significantly induced serum IL-1beta and IL-6, as well as other infectious symptoms. These results suggest that type II fimbriae are a critical determinant of P. gingivalis virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kato
- Department of Oral Frontier Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita-Osaka, Japan
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Omori H, Mitsui T, Kunishige M, Endo I, Takahashi K, Matsumoto T. Systemic muscular inflammation in a patient with recurrent orbital myositis. Clin Neuropathol 2005; 24:191-3. [PMID: 16033136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a 53-year-old Japanese woman who had recurrent orbital myositis for 14 years. She exhibited mild muscle weakness in proximal limbs 13 years after the onset of orbital myositis. An electromyogram revealed myopathic potentials and denervation potentials in proximal limb muscles. Quadriceps biopsy showed infiltrates of mononuclear cells around intramuscular vessels and mild degenerative changes in muscle cells. These findings indicate that the present case belongs to the spectrum of localized nodular myositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Omori
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Sciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
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35
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Hashimoto K, Nio Y, Sumi S, Toga T, Omori H, Itakura M, Yano S. Correlation between TGF-beta1 and p21 (WAF1/CIP1) expression and prognosis in resectable invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas. Pancreas 2001; 22:341-7. [PMID: 11345133 DOI: 10.1097/00006676-200105000-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) inhibits the growth of a variety of epithelial cells; however, in many types of tumors it loses its inhibitory effect. p21(WAF1/CIP1), one of the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitors induced by TGF-beta1, is considered a downstream effector of the growth-inhibitory function of TGF-beta1. We assessed the clinicopathologic significance of TGF-beta1 and p21 expression in resectable invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the pancreas. Immunohistochemical examination of the expression of TGF-beta1 and p21 in 62 patients revealed positive expression of TGF-beta1 in 28 (45%) and of p21 in 25 (40%) of the 62 patients, and a significant correlation between the two expressions. The survival curve of patients with TGF-beta1(+) tumors was significantly higher than that of patients with TGF-beta1(-) tumors; p21(+) patients showed a higher survival curve than did p21(-) patients, but the difference was not statistically significant. Simultaneous analysis of TGF-beta1 and p21 expression showed that the patients with TGF-beta1(+)/p21(+) tumors had a significantly better prognosis than the others. Multivariate analysis showed that TGF-beta1 was a significantly low risk factor for death due to IDC. The concurrent evaluation of TGF-beta1 and p21 expression would be an effective tool in the prediction of the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hashimoto
- First Department of Surgery, Shimane Medical University, Izumo, Japan
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36
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Dai X, Omori H, Okumura Y, Ando M, Oki H, Hashimoto N, Baba H. Bone grafting in cementless total hip replacement for congenital dysplasia of the hip. Int Orthop 2000; 24:260-3. [PMID: 11153454 PMCID: PMC3619901 DOI: 10.1007/s002640000133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We reviewed 27 cementless primary total hip replacements in patients with osteoarthrosis secondary to congenital dysplasia of the hip. Autogenous bone grafting was used as augmentation. On average the follow-up period was 9 years. Two hips were revised and three acetabular components were considered loose. In hips with loose cups the average graft coverage was significantly greater than in stable hips. The use of a cementless acetabular component is encouraging for reconstruction, although extensive grafting should be avoided. Our study suggests that cementless reconstruction in dysplastic hips yields a satisfactory outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Dai
- />The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, P.R. China, , , , CN
| | - H. Omori
- />Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Fukui Medical University, Shimoai 23, Matsuoka, Fukui 910–1193, Japan e-mail: Tel: +81-776-61-8382, Fax: +81-776-61-8125, , , , JP
| | - Y. Okumura
- />Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Fukui Medical University, Shimoai 23, Matsuoka, Fukui 910–1193, Japan e-mail: Tel: +81-776-61-8382, Fax: +81-776-61-8125, , , , JP
| | - M. Ando
- />Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Fukui Medical University, Shimoai 23, Matsuoka, Fukui 910–1193, Japan e-mail: Tel: +81-776-61-8382, Fax: +81-776-61-8125, , , , JP
| | - H. Oki
- />Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Fukui Medical University, Shimoai 23, Matsuoka, Fukui 910–1193, Japan e-mail: Tel: +81-776-61-8382, Fax: +81-776-61-8125, , , , JP
| | - N. Hashimoto
- />Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Fukui Medical University, Shimoai 23, Matsuoka, Fukui 910–1193, Japan e-mail: Tel: +81-776-61-8382, Fax: +81-776-61-8125, , , , JP
| | - H. Baba
- />Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Fukui Medical University, Shimoai 23, Matsuoka, Fukui 910–1193, Japan e-mail: Tel: +81-776-61-8382, Fax: +81-776-61-8125, , , , JP
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Dai X, Omori H, Okumura Y, Ando M, Oki H, Hashimoto N, Baba H. Serial measurement of polyethylene wear of well-fixed cementless metal-backed acetabular component in total hip arthroplasty: an over 10 year follow-up study. Artif Organs 2000; 24:746-51. [PMID: 11012546 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1594.2000.06571-2.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Serial radiographic measurements of polyethylene wear were performed in 38 hips (33 patients) with primary cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA). The average follow-up period was 131.8 months. All prostheses were assessed as radiographically stable at the latest follow-up. A two-dimensional method was used to calculate the relative migration of the femoral head center to the cup center. The average total linear wear and wear rate were 1.22 mm and 0.11 mm/year, respectively. The degree of wear in the first 2 postoperative years accounted for nearly 40% of the total wear at the end of the study (average follow up: 131.8 +/- 10.0 months, +/-SD). The migration of the femoral head at an average period of 3. 4 months after operation accounted for 56% of the amount of wear in the first 2 years. Wear rate decreased gradually with time and stabilized after the fourth year. However, in 2 patients, a progressive increase in the wear rate was associated with severe osteolysis and failure of THA. Both creep and wear contributed to the femoral penetration into the polyethylene liner. The influence of creep cannot be ruled out, especially in the early period after operation. Polyethylene wear is a multifactorial process, and the study of individual wear patterns might be useful in identifying patients who are at risk of late failure of THA.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Dai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Fukui Medical University, Fukui, Japan
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38
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Sato Y, Nio Y, Omori H, Inoue Y, Hirahara N, Sasaki S, Tamura K. Human proinsulin gene-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells secrete immunoreactive insulin. In Vivo 1999; 13:535-40. [PMID: 10757050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the difficulties in pancreas transplantation, the development of an artificial pancreas can be one of the new approaches. The present study was designed to assess whether or not Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, which were transfected with the human proinsulin (hPI) gene, secrete immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and respond to glucose loading. MATERIALS AND METHODS A complementary DNA encoding hPI was obtained by polymerase chain reaction amplification from human pancreatic tissue and was inserted into the plasmid pcDNA I/NEO to construct an expression vector for the hPI gene. CHO cells were transfected with hPI gene using lipofectin, and the hPI gene-expressing clones (CHO/I) were selected. RESULTS Five clones of CHO/I cells, releasing IRI into the culture supernatant, were separated. Immunohistochemistry with a monoclonal antibody demonstrated the IRI in the cytoplasm of CHO/I cells, and transmission electron microscopic examination demonstrated the prominently developed mitochondria, but no secretion granules. ELISA assay demonstrated the secretion of IRI into the culture supernatant of CHO/I, but CHO/I cells did not respond to the glucose loading. When CHO/I cells were transplanted subcutaneously into the back of nude mice, the growing tumors secreted IRI. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that the hPI gene can be transfected into mammalian cells and function in vivo, and suggest that this kind of gene technology may be applicable in the development of an artificial pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sato
- First Department of Surgery, Shimane Medical University, Japan
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Abstract
We designed 2 new types of proximally coated stems (the FMS and FMS-anatomic) based on the endosteal geometry of femora with congenital dislocation or dysplastic hip. The FMS was symmetric while the FMS-anatomic was asymmetric. We compared the proximal fit and fill to the femoral canal, contact stress, relative motion, and load transfer to the femur of 5 stems (FMS, FMS-anatomic, Omnifit, Omniflex, and individual stem) using three-dimensional computer simulation and finite element analysis. The FMS and FMS-anatomic showed a significantly greater fit and fill than conventional stems. The dispersion of the contact stresses and reduction of relative motions in the proximal area were the best in the FMS-anatomic compared to other stems with the exception of the individual stem. In addition, the FMS-anatomic stem transferred most of the load to the proximal femur. Our results suggest that the FMS-anatomic should provide better biomechanical stability at least in the early postoperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ando
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Fukui Medical University, Japan
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Yamauchi H, Ishii Y, Omori H, Takakusaki Y, Yamada K, Yajima T, Nitta T, Ochi M, Fukumi D, Kuramochi Y, Okubo T, Ogawa S, Tanaka S. Modified Fontan operation. Considerations for the determination of the appropriate procedure. Nihon Ika Daigaku Zasshi 1999; 66:28-32. [PMID: 10097587 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.66.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the surgical results of the modified Fontan operation continues to improve, there are various advantages and disadvantages in terms of the post operative condition associated with the Fontan modifications. Late morbidity and mortality are mainly due to arrhythmias, thromboembolic complications, systemic venous hypertension and infective endocarditis. We reported our experience of the modified Fontan operation to determine an appropriate procedure for each patient. METHODS AND RESULTS Seven patients (ranging from the age 1-14 years) underwent a modified Fontan operation including a lateral tunnel (n = 1), extracardiac conduit (n = 2) and autogenous atrial tunnel (n = 4). There was one hospital death due to sepsis in which the patient underwent lateral tunnel procedure. The mean follow up of another six patients was 20 months (ranging from 1-39 months) and all patients were classified as NYHA class I, and remained in normal sinus rhythm without any thromboembolic complications. CONCLUSIONS When using the autogenous atrial tunnel, there are potential advantages; it is not associated with thromboembolism or endocarditis and has growth potential. However, in high-risk patients with increased pulmonary vascular resistance, impaired ventricular function and pre-operative atrial arrhythmias, it appears reasonable to use an extracardiac conduit.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yamauchi
- Department of Surgery II, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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Takeda H, Nio Y, Omori H, Uegaki K, Hirahara N, Sasaki S, Tamura K, Ohtani H. Mechanisms of cytotoxic effects of heavy water (deuterium oxide: D2O) on cancer cells. Anticancer Drugs 1998; 9:715-25. [PMID: 9823430 DOI: 10.1097/00001813-199809000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Heavy water (deuterium oxide: D2O) contains a neutron and a proton in its hydrogen atoms and shows a variety of biologic activities different from normal light water. In the present study the cytotoxic and cytostatic activity of D2O was assessed using a BALB/c-3T3 fibroblast cell line and four human digestive organ cancer cell lines, i.e. HepG2 hepatic, Panc-1 pancreatic, KATO-3 gastric and Colo205 colonic cancer cell lines. Against four cancer cell lines, D2O showed significant cytotoxic and cytostatic effects in a MTT assay and a Trypan blue dye exclusion assay, at concentrations higher than 30% D2O. These effects were time and dose dependent, and the IC50 after 72 h of culture ranged from 20 to 30% D2O in the Trypan blue dye exclusion assay and from 30 to 50% D2O in the MTT assay. By contrast, IC50 for the 3T3 fibroblast cell line after 72 h of culture was about 15% in the Trypan blue dye exclusion assay and 50% inhibition was not achieved in the MTT assay. Furthermore, D2O was found to significantly inhibit the invasion of tumor cells in a Matrigel invasion chamber assay at concentrations higher than 10% D2O. Incubation with D2O resulted in enlargement of cells, nuclear pyknosis and vacuolization, and immunostaining studies demonstrated that D2O treatment resulted in an increase in nuclear nick-end-labeling, which indicates DNA fragmentation, in KATO-3 and HepG2 cell lines. Furthermore, the nucleic acids and protein synthesis inhibition assay suggested that the inhibition of DNA synthesis may be one of the mechanisms responsible for the antitumor effects of D2O. Furthermore, oral administration of D2O resulted in a significant inhibition of the growth of Panc-1 tumor xenografted s.c. in nude mice, but survival was not prolonged. In conclusion, D2O has cytotoxic and cytostatic activities against human digestive organ cancer cell lines, and D2O may be a potential anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takeda
- First Department of Surgery, Shimane Medical University, Japan
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42
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Baba H, Okumura Y, Furusawa N, Omori H, Kawahara H, Fujita T, Katayama K, Noriki S. Dumb-bell shaped tuberculous abscess across the greater sciatic notch compressing both sciatic nerves. Spinal Cord 1998; 36:584-7. [PMID: 9713929 DOI: 10.1038/sj.sc.3100550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We report an instructive case of a 65-year-old man who presented with a dumb-bell shaped tuberculous abscess across the greater sciatic notch bilaterally compressing both sciatic nerves. Clinical symptoms progressed slowly and mimicked lumbar radiculopathy, thus delaying an accurate diagnosis. Anterolateral retroperitoneal and posterolateral gluteal approaches of the greater sciatic notch as well as the acetabulum on both sides were followed in order to provide safe viewing and resection of the abscess. The abscess wall was adherent to the sciatic nerve and surrounding blood vessels. The symptoms completely disappeared after resection of the abscess.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Baba
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukui Medical School, Japan
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Mahmood S, Taketa K, Imai K, Kajihara Y, Imai S, Yokobayashi T, Yamamoto S, Sato M, Omori H, Manabe K. Association of fatty liver with increased ratio of visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue in obese men. Acta Med Okayama 1998; 52:225-31. [PMID: 9781273 DOI: 10.18926/amo/31297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We studied the association of fatty liver with subcutaneous and visceral obesity in 46 male and 36 female patients with body mass index (BMI) over 22 kg/m2. The correlation coefficient between the ratio of the visceral adipose tissue to the subcutaneous adipose tissue (V/S) and the computed tomography (CT) number of the liver was -0.299 (P < 0.05) and that between the V/S ratio and the ratio of the CT number of the liver to that of the spleen (CT-L/CT-S) was -0.335 (P < 0.05) in the males. Partial correlation analysis after making correction for BMI showed an increased correlation coefficient of -0.485 (P < 0.05) between the V/S ratio and the CT-L/CT-S ratio in the males. The odds ratio in the males for CT-L/CT-S below 1.0 and V/S above 1.0 was 3.25 with a 95% confidence interval of 1.02 to 9.39. No such association between the V/S ratio and the CT-L/CT-S ratio was present in the female patients. Multiple regression analysis with serum level of alanine aminotransferase, a marker of fatty liver, as an independent variable revealed a partial regression coefficient of -17.7 for CT-L/CT-S (P < 0.05) in the males and -21.7 (P < 0.05) in the females, validating the CT-L/CT-S ratio as an index of fatty liver. The results indicate the association of fatty liver as determined by the CT-L/CT-S ratio with visceral obesity in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mahmood
- Department of Public Health, Okayama University Medical School, Japan
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44
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Sasaki A, Asahi H, Watanabe M, Omori H, Shimada H, Saito K. [Laparoscopic surgery and treatment outcome in esophageal achalasia]. Jpn J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1998; 46 Suppl:96-7. [PMID: 9642800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Omori H, Kuroda M, Naora H, Takeda H, Nio Y, Otani H, Tamura K. Deuterium oxide (heavy water) accelerates actin assembly in vitro and changes microfilament distribution in cultured cells. Eur J Cell Biol 1997; 74:273-80. [PMID: 9402475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
While deuterium oxide (D2O) is known to produce various biological effects in living animals and cultured cells, the detailed mechanisms by which it does so remain unclear. The present study was designed to assess the effects of D2O on microfilaments (MFs) via fluorescence staining of BALB 3T3 cells and in vitro actin polymerization studies. After BALB 3T3 cells had been exposed to a concentration of more than 30% D2O for several hours, stress fibers in the peripheral region became thick and distinct, while the quantity of perinuclear MFs was drastically reduced. This effect was transient and returned to the original distribution within 12 h. Cytoplasmic F-actin (FA) also increased transiently coincident with the enhancement of stress fibers. The pattern of cell locomotion became simpler, and total locomotor activity was suppressed in a D2O concentration-dependent manner. Analysis of in vitro studies demonstrated that, when purified G-actin was polymerized in D2O at a concentration greater than 10%, the rate of actin polymerization was accelerated, whereas the total amount of polymerized actin at the steady state in D2O was the same as that in H2O controls. A gelation assay and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the network of crosslinked FA with alpha-actinin became denser in 30% D2O than in H2O. These findings concerning actin polymerization and FA gelation suggest that the alteration of stress fibers in cultured cells is caused by a direct effect of D2O on cellular MF dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Omori
- First Department of Surgery, Shimane Medical University, Izumo/Japan
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Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni in chicken feces was detected by PCR and Southern blot hybridization (SBH). The detection limits of C. jejuni in chicken feces were 34,000 cells by PCR and 340 cells by SBH. Some cecal contents of chickens up to 3 weeks old were C. jejuni positive by SBH whereas all of them were negative by PCR. Two of 51 cecal contents of 18-day-old chicken embryos were C. jejuni positive by PCR and SBH; but, C. jejuni were not isolated from the samples by conventional culture with selective enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chuma
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Japan
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47
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Inoue Y, Endo S, Kondo K, Ito H, Omori H, Saito K. Trial of electrolyzed strong acid aqueous solution lavage in the treatment of peritonitis and intraperitoneal abscess. Artif Organs 1997; 21:28-31. [PMID: 9012903 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.1997.tb00695.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Electrolyzed strong acid aqueous solution is acidic water that contains active oxygen and active chlorine and possesses a redox potential. We performed peritoneal and abscess lavages with an electrolyzed strong acid aqueous solution to treat 7 patients with peritonitis and intraperitoneal abscesses, who were seen in our department between December 1994 and April 1995. The underlying disease was duodenal ulcer perforation in 4 of these 7 patients and gastric ulcer perforation, acute enteritis, and intraperitoneal perforation of pyometrium in 1 patient each. Irrigation was performed twice a day. Microbiological studies of the paracentesis fluid were negative in 3 cases, and the irrigation period was 2-4 days. Anaerobic bacteria were isolated in 3 of the 4 positive cases (Bacteroides in 2, Prevotella in 1), and a fungus (Candida) was isolated in the remaining patient. The period of irrigation in these patients ranged from 9 to 12 days, but conversion to a microorganism negative state was observed in 3-7 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Inoue
- Critical Care and Emergency Center, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
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Omori H, Nio Y, Takeda H, Tamura K. [Application for therapeutic use of deuterium oxide (D2O) against human pancreatic cancer]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 1996; 23:1665-8. [PMID: 8886040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to assess the possibility of D2O as a therapeutic agent against human pancreatic cancer. We examined the effect of D2O on growth and invasion of human pancreatic cancer cells (Panc-1, MIA PaCa-2, BxPC-3) by using MTT assay and nude mice, on which human pancreas cancer cells were transplanted. In vitro growth of the three lines was significantly inhibited by D2O in a dose dependent manner, especially at more than a 10% concentration. Growth of Panc-1, which was transplanted in nude mice, was also inhibited by continuous oral intake of 30% D2O. Furthermore, the effect of D2O on cancer invasiveness was assessed by Matrigel invasion chamber assay. BxPC-3, which is the most adherent of the three lines, significantly reduced its invasiveness in more than 30% D2O media. In addition, the present study also demonstrated the inhibition of cancer cell locomotion by D2O in phagocytokinetic analysis. In conclusion, D2O may be applied for the therapeutic use against pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Omori
- First Dept. of Surgery, Shimane Medical University, Japan
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49
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Omori H. [Psoriatic arthritis]. Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu 1996:345-6. [PMID: 9048039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Omori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukui Medical School
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50
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Omori H. [Relapsing polychondritis]. Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu 1996:357-9. [PMID: 9048043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Omori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukui Medical School
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