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Bau DT, Tsai CW, Chang WS, Yang JS, Liu TY, Lu HF, Wang YW, Tsai FJ. Genetic susceptibility to prostate cancer in Taiwan: A genome-wide association study. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:617-628. [PMID: 38390760 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
We conducted the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) of prostate cancer (PCa) in Taiwan with 1844 cases and 80,709 controls. Thirteen independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reached genome-wide significance (p < 5 × 10-8 ). Among these, three were distinct from previously identified loci: rs76072851 in CORO2B gene (15q23), odds ratio (OR) = 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.36-1.76, p = 5.30 × 10-11 ; rs7837051, near two long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) genes, PRNCR1 and PCAT2 (8q24.21), OR = 1.41 (95% CI, 1.31-1.51), p = 8.77 × 10-21 ; and rs56339048, near an lncRNA gene, CASC8 (8q24.21), OR = 1.25 (95% CI, 1.16-1.35), p = 2.14 × 10-8 . We refined the lead SNPs for two previously identified SNPs in Taiwanese: rs13255059 (near CASC8), p = 9.02 × 10-43 , and rs1456315 (inside PRNCR1), p = 4.33 × 10-42 . We confirmed 35 out of 49 GWAS-identified East Asian PCa susceptibility SNPs. In addition, we identified two SNPs more specific to Taiwanese than East Asians: rs34295433 in LAMC1 (1q25.3) and rs6853490 in PDLIM5 (4q22.3). A weighted genetic risk score (GRS) was developed using the 40 validated SNPs and the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for the GRS to predict PCa was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.63-0.71). These identified SNPs provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of prostate carcinogenesis in Taiwan and underscore the significant role of genetic susceptibility in regional differences in PCa incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Tian Bau
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Shin Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yuan Liu
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Wang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Chiou JS, Lin YJ, Chang CYY, Liang WM, Liu TY, Yang JS, Chou CH, Lu HF, Chiu ML, Lin TH, Liao CC, Huang SM, Chou IC, Li TM, Huang PY, Chien TS, Chen HR, Tsai FJ. Menarche-a journey into womanhood: age at menarche and health-related outcomes in East Asians. Hum Reprod 2024:deae060. [PMID: 38527428 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deae060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are there associations of age at menarche (AAM) with health-related outcomes in East Asians? SUMMARY ANSWER AAM is associated with osteoporosis, Type 2 diabetes (T2D), glaucoma, and uterine fibroids, as demonstrated through observational studies, polygenic risk scores, genetic correlations, and Mendelian randomization (MR), with additional findings indicating a causal effect of BMI and T2D on earlier AAM. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Puberty timing is linked to adult disease risk, but research predominantly focuses on European populations, with limited studies in other groups. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We performed an AAM genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 57 890 Han Taiwanese females and examined the association between AAM and 154 disease outcomes using the Taiwanese database. Additionally, we examined genetic correlations between AAM and 113 diseases and 67 phenotypes using Japanese GWAS summary statistics. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We performed AAM GWAS and gene-based GWAS studies to obtain summary statistics and identify potential AAM-related genes. We applied phenotype, polygenic risk scores, and genetic correlation analyses of AAM to explore health-related outcomes, using multivariate regression and linkage disequilibrium score regression analyses. We also explored potential bidirectional causal relationships between AAM and related outcomes through univariable and multivariable MR analyses. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Fifteen lead single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 24 distinct genes were associated with AAM in Taiwan. AAM was genetically associated with later menarche and menopause, greater height, increased osteoporosis risk, but lower BMI, and reduced risks of T2D, glaucoma, and uterine fibroids in East Asians. Bidirectional MR analyses indicated that higher BMI/T2D causally leads to earlier AAM. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Our findings were specific to Han Taiwanese individuals, with genetic correlation analyses conducted in East Asians. Further research in other ethnic groups is necessary. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our study provides insights into the genetic architecture of AAM and its health-related outcomes in East Asians, highlighting causal links between BMI/T2D and earlier AAM, which may suggest potential prevention strategies for early puberty. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The work was supported by China Medical University, Taiwan (CMU110-S-17, CMU110-S-24, CMU110-MF-49, CMU111-SR-158, CMU111-MF-105, CMU111-MF-21, CMU111-S-35, CMU112-SR-30, and CMU112-MF-101), the China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan (DMR-111-062, DMR-111-153, DMR-112-042, DMR-113-038, and DMR-113-103), and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 111-2314-B-039-063-MY3, MOST 111-2314-B-039-064-MY3, MOST 111-2410-H-039-002-MY3, and NSTC 112-2813-C-039-036-B). The funders had no influence on the data collection, analyses, or conclusions of the study. No conflict of interests to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Shiun Chiou
- PhD Program for Health Science and Industry, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ju Lin
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cherry Yin-Yi Chang
- Division of Minimal Invasive Endoscopy Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Miin Liang
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yuan Liu
- Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsing Chou
- PhD Program for Health Science and Industry, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mu-Lin Chiu
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsu Lin
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Chu Liao
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Mei Huang
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Ching Chou
- Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Mao Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Yan Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Shun Chien
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Ren Chen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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3
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Lu HF, Chou CH, Lin YJ, Uchiyama S, Terao C, Wang YW, Yang JS, Liu TY, Wong HSC, Chen SCC, Tsai FJ. The genome-wide association study of serum IgE levels demonstrated a shared genetic background in allergic diseases. Clin Immunol 2024; 260:109897. [PMID: 38199299 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.109897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) synthessis is highly related to a variety of atopic diseases, and several genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have demonstrated the association between genes and IgE level. In this study, we conducted the largest genome-wide association study of IgE involving a Taiwanese Han population. Eight independent variants exhibited genome-wide significance. Among them, an intronic SNP of CD28, rs1181388, and an intergenic SNP, rs1002957030, on 11q23.2 were identified as novel signals for IgE. Seven of the loci were replicated successfully in a meta-analysis using data on Japanese population. Among all the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) regions, HLA-DQA1*03:02 - HLA-DQB1*03:03 was the most significant haplotype (OR = 1.25, SE = 0.02, FDR = 1.6 × 10-14), corresponding to HLA-DQA1 Asp160 and HLA-DQB1 Leu87 amino acid residues. The genetic correlation showed significance between IgE and allergic diseases including asthma, atopic dermatitis, and pollinosis. IgE PRS was significantly correlated with total IgE levels. Furthermore, the top decile IgE polygenic risk score (PRS) group had the highest risk of asthma for the Taiwan Biobank and Biobank Japan cohorts. IgE PRS may be used to aid in predicting the occurrence of allergic reactions before symptoms occur and biomarkers are detectable. Our study provided a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of genomic variants, including complex HLA alleles, on serum IgE levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Fang Lu
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chen-Hsing Chou
- PhD Program for Health Science and Industry, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ju Lin
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shunsuke Uchiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan; The Department of Applied Genetics, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yu-Wen Wang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yuan Liu
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Henry Sung-Ching Wong
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sean Chun-Chang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Hour MJ, Tsai FJ, Lai IL, Tsao JW, Chiang JH, Chiu YJ, Lu HF, Juan YN, Yang JS, Tsai SC. Efficacy of HMJ-38, a new quinazolinone analogue, against the gemcitabine-resistant MIA-PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2023; 13:20-31. [PMID: 38532833 PMCID: PMC10962539 DOI: 10.37796/2211-8039.1423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine is frequently utilized to treat pancreatic cancer. The purpose of our study was to create a gemcitabine-resistant MIA-PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell line (MIA-GR100) and to evaluate the anti-pancreatic cancer efficacy of HMJ-38, a new quinazolinone analogue. Compared to their parental counterparts, MIA-PaCa-2, established MIA-GR100 cells were less sensitive to gemcitabine. MIA-GR100 cell viability was not affected by 10, 50 and 100 nM gemcitabine concentrations. HMJ-38 reduced MIA-GR100 cell growth and induced autophagy and apoptosis. When stained with monodansylcadaverine (MDC), acridine orange (AO), and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), MIA-GR100 cells shrunk, punctured their membranes, and produced autophagy vacuoles and apoptotic bodies. Combining chloroquine (CQ) and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) with HMJ-38 dramatically reduced cell viability, indicating that autophagy function as a cytoprotective mechanism. MIA-GR100 cells treated with both z-VAD-FMK and HMJ-38 were much more viable than those treated with HMJ-38 alone. HMJ-38 promotes apoptosis in MIA-GR100 cells by activating caspases. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of HMJ-38's principal targets, as determined via in silico target screening with network prediction. HMJ-38 also inhibited EGFR kinase activity and EGFR-associated signaling in MIA-GR100 cells. HMJ-38 may be an effective chemotherapeutic adjuvant for gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells, in which it induces an antitumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mann-Jen Hour
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040,
Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404333,
Taiwan
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327,
Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327,
Taiwan
| | - I-Lu Lai
- Cell Therapy Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327,
Taiwan
| | - Je-Wei Tsao
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040,
Taiwan
| | - Jo-Hua Chiang
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Sciences and Management, Chiayi, 62201,
Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chiu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112201,
Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304,
Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304,
Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404327,
Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ning Juan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404327,
Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404327,
Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chang Tsai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040,
Taiwan
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Liao WL, Huang YN, Chang YW, Liu TY, Lu HF, Tiao ZY, Su PH, Wang CH, Tsai FJ. Combining polygenic risk scores and human leukocyte antigen variants for personalized risk assessment of type 1 diabetes in the Taiwanese population. Diabetes Obes Metab 2023; 25:2928-2936. [PMID: 37455666 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To analyse the genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) in order to develop a risk score for the genetic effects on T1D risk and age at diagnosis in the Taiwanese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS We selected 610 patients with T1D and 2511 healthy individuals from an electronic medical record database of more than 300 000 individuals with genetic information, analysed their GWAS data, and developed a polygenic risk score (PRS). RESULTS The PRS, based on 149 selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms, could effectively predict T1D risk. A PRS increase was associated with increased T1D risk (odds ratio [OR] 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.72-2.55). Moreover, a 1-unit increase in standardized T1D PRS decreased the age at diagnosis by 0.74 years. Combined PRS and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQA1*03:02-DQA1*05:01 genotypes could accurately predict T1D risk. In multivariable models, HLA variants and PRS were independent risk factors for T1D risk (OR 3.76 [95% CI 1.54-9.16] and 1.71 [95% CI 1.37-2.13] for HLA DQA1*03:02-DQA1*05:01 and PRS, respectively). In a limited study population of those aged ≤18 years, PRS remained significantly associated with T1D risk. The association between T1D PRS and age at diagnosis was more obvious among males and patients aged ≤18 years. CONCLUSIONS Polygenic risk score and HLA variations enable personalized risk estimates, enhance newborn screening efficiency for ketoacidosis prevention, and addresses the gap in data on T1D prediction in isolated Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ling Liao
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Personalized Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Nan Huang
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Personalized Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yuan Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Yu Tiao
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pen-Hua Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsing Wang
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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6
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Koike Y, Takahata M, Nakajima M, Otomo N, Suetsugu H, Liu X, Endo T, Imagama S, Kobayashi K, Kaito T, Kato S, Kawaguchi Y, Kanayama M, Sakai H, Tsuji T, Miyamoto T, Inose H, Yoshii T, Kashii M, Nakashima H, Ando K, Taniguchi Y, Takeuchi K, Ito S, Tomizuka K, Hikino K, Iwasaki Y, Kamatani Y, Maeda S, Nakajima H, Mori K, Seichi A, Fujibayashi S, Kanchiku T, Watanabe K, Tanaka T, Kida K, Kobayashi S, Takahashi M, Yamada K, Takuwa H, Lu HF, Niida S, Ozaki K, Momozawa Y, Yamazaki M, Okawa A, Matsumoto M, Iwasaki N, Terao C, Ikegawa S. Genetic insights into ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine. eLife 2023; 12:e86514. [PMID: 37461309 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine (OPLL) is an intractable disease leading to severe neurological deficits. Its etiology and pathogenesis are primarily unknown. The relationship between OPLL and comorbidities, especially type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high body mass index (BMI), has been the focus of attention; however, no trait has been proven to have a causal relationship. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) using 22,016 Japanese individuals and identified 14 significant loci, 8 of which were previously unreported. We then conducted a gene-based association analysis and a transcriptome-wide Mendelian randomization approach and identified three candidate genes for each. Partitioning heritability enrichment analyses observed significant enrichment of the polygenic signals in the active enhancers of the connective/bone cell group, especially H3K27ac in chondrogenic differentiation cells, as well as the immune/hematopoietic cell group. Single-cell RNA sequencing of Achilles tendon cells from a mouse Achilles tendon ossification model confirmed the expression of genes in GWAS and post-GWAS analyses in mesenchymal and immune cells. Genetic correlations with 96 complex traits showed positive correlations with T2D and BMI and a negative correlation with cerebral aneurysm. Mendelian randomization analysis demonstrated a significant causal effect of increased BMI and high bone mineral density on OPLL. We evaluated the clinical images in detail and classified OPLL into cervical, thoracic, and the other types. GWAS subanalyses identified subtype-specific signals. A polygenic risk score for BMI demonstrated that the effect of BMI was particularly strong in thoracic OPLL. Our study provides genetic insight into the etiology and pathogenesis of OPLL and is expected to serve as a basis for future treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinao Koike
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takahata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakajima
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nao Otomo
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suetsugu
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Endo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopedics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopedics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Masahiro Kanayama
- Department of Orthopedics, Hakodate Central General Hospital, Hakodate, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spinal Injuries Center, Iizuka, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Inose
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Yoshii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kashii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nakashima
- Department of Orthopedics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kei Ando
- Department of Orthopedics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Taniguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Takeuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Okayama Medical Center, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shuji Ito
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Kohei Tomizuka
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Keiko Hikino
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Iwasaki
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shingo Maeda
- Department of Bone and Joint Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakajima
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kanji Mori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Atsushi Seichi
- Department of Orthopedics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Fujibayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Kanchiku
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Kei Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata University Medical and Dental General Hospital, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Kida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Sho Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masahito Takahashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Yamada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Obu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takuwa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
- Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shumpei Niida
- Core Facility Administration, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kouichi Ozaki
- Medical Genome Center, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norimasa Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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7
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Chou CH, Chiou JS, Ho MW, Tien N, Li TM, Chiu ML, Tsai FJ, Wu YC, Chou IC, Lu HF, Lin TH, Liao CC, Huang SM, Liang WM, Lin YJ. Association of combination antiretroviral therapy with risk of neurological diseases in patients with HIV/AIDS in Taiwan: a nested case-control study. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1110605. [PMID: 37361207 PMCID: PMC10285306 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1110605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous neurocognitive impairment remains an important issue, even in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), with an incidence ranging from 15% to 65%. Although ART drugs with higher penetration scores to the central nervous system (CNS) show better HIV replication control in the CNS, the association between CNS penetration effectiveness (CPE) scores and neurocognitive impairment remains inconclusive. To explore whether ART exposure is associated with the risk of neurological diseases among patients with HIV/AIDS, this study in Taiwan involved 2,571 patients with neurological diseases and 10,284 matched, randomly selected patients without neurological diseases between 2010 and 2017. A conditional logistic regression model was used in this study. The parameters for ART exposure included ART usage, timing of exposure, cumulative defined daily dose (DDD), adherence, and cumulative CPE score. Incident cases of neurological diseases, including CNS infections, cognitive disorders, vasculopathy, and peripheral neuropathy, were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. Odds ratios (ORs) for the risk of neurological diseases were conducted using a multivariate conditional logistic regression model. Patients with a history of past exposure (OR: 1.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.22-2.32), low cumulative DDDs (< 2,500) (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.15-1.42), low adherence (0 < adherence (ADH) ≤ 0.8) (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.30-1.64), or high cumulative CPE scores (>14) (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.14-1.57) had a high risk of neurological diseases. When stratified by classes of ART drugs, patients with low cumulative DDDs or low adherence had a high risk of neurological diseases, including NRTIs, PIs, NNRTIs, INSTIs, and multi-drug tablets. Subgroup analyses also suggested that patients with low cumulative DDDs or low adherence had a high risk of neurological diseases when they had high cumulative CPE scores. Patients with high cumulative DDDs or medication adherence were protected against neurological diseases only when they had low cumulative CPE scores (≤ 14). Patients may be at risk for neurological diseases when they have low cumulative DDDs, low adherence, or usage with high cumulative CPE scores. Continuous usage and low cumulative CPE scores of ART drugs may benefit neurocognitive health in patients with HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hsing Chou
- PhD Program for Health Science and Industry, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Shiun Chiou
- PhD Program for Health Science and Industry, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Wang Ho
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ni Tien
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Mao Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Lin Chiu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Ching Chou
- Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsu Lin
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Chu Liao
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Mei Huang
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Miin Liang
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ju Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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8
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Chiou JS, Chou CH, Ho MW, Tien N, Liang WM, Chiu ML, Tsai FJ, Wu YC, Chou IC, Lu HF, Lin TH, Liao CC, Huang SM, Li TM, Lin YJ. Effect of Chinese herbal medicine therapy on risks of all-cause mortality, infections, parasites, and circulatory-related mortality in HIV/AIDS patients with neurological diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1097862. [PMID: 36937878 PMCID: PMC10020503 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1097862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Long-term living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and/or antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with various adverse effects, including neurocognitive impairment. Heterogeneous neurocognitive impairment remains an important issue, affecting between 15-65% of human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients and resulting in work performance, safety, and health-related outcomes that have a heavy economic burden. Methods: We identified 1,209 HIV/AIDS patients with neurological diseases during 2010-2017. The Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards model were used to analyze 308 CHM users and 901 non-CHM users within this population. Major CHM clusters were determined using association rule mining and network analysis. Results and Discussion: Results showed that CHM users had a 70% lower risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 0.30, 95% confidence interval (CI):0.16-0.58, p < 0.001) (p = 0.0007, log-rank test). Furthermore, CHM users had an 86% lower risk of infections, parasites, and circulatory-related mortality (aHR = 0.14, 95% confidence interval (CI):0.04-0.46, p = 0.001) (p = 0.0010, log-rank test). Association rule mining and network analysis showed that two CHM clusters were important for patients with neurological diseases. In the first CHM cluster, Huang Qin (HQ; root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi), Gan Cao (GC; root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.), Huang Lian (HL; root of Coptis chinensis Franch.), Jie Geng (JG; root of Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A.DC.), and Huang Bai (HB; bark of Phellodendron amurense Rupr.) were identified as important CHMs. Among them, the strongest connection strength was identified between the HL and HQ. In the second CHM cluster, Suan-Zao-Ren-Tang (SZRT) and Ye Jiao Teng (YJT; stem of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.) were identified as important CHMs with the strongest connection strength. CHMs may thus be effective in treating HIV/AIDS patients with neurological diseases, and future clinical trials are essential for the prevention of neurological dysfunction in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Shiun Chiou
- PhD Program for Health Science and Industry, College of Healthcare, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsing Chou
- PhD Program for Health Science and Industry, College of Healthcare, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Wang Ho
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ni Tien
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Miin Liang
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Lin Chiu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Ching Chou
- Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsu Lin
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Chu Liao
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Mei Huang
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Mao Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Te-Mao Li, ; Ying-Ju Lin,
| | - Ying-Ju Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Te-Mao Li, ; Ying-Ju Lin,
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9
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Lu HF, Liu TY, Chou YP, Chang SS, Hsieh YW, Chang JG, Tsai FJ. Comprehensive characterization of pharmacogenes in a Taiwanese Han population. Front Genet 2022; 13:948616. [PMID: 36092904 PMCID: PMC9452738 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.948616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing has not been well adopted in current clinical practice. The phenotypic distribution of clinically relevant pharmacogenes remains to be fully characterized in large population cohorts. In addition, no study has explored actionable PGx alleles in the East Asian population at a large scale. This study comprehensively analyzed 14 actionable pharmacogene diplotypes and phenotypes in 172,854 Taiwanese Han individuals by using their genotype data. Furthermore, we analyzed data from electronic medical records to investigate the effect of the actionable phenotypes on the individuals. The PGx phenotype frequencies were comparable between our cohort and the East Asian population. Overall, 99.9% of the individuals harbored at least one actionable PGx phenotype, and 29% of them have been prescribed a drug to which they may exhibit an atypical response. Our findings can facilitate the clinical application of PGx testing and the optimization of treatment and dosage individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Fang Lu
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yuan Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Pao Chou
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Sheng Chang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Wen Hsieh
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Jan-Gowth Chang, ; Fuu-Jen Tsai,
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Medical Genetics, Children’s Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Jan-Gowth Chang, ; Fuu-Jen Tsai,
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10
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Liu TY, Liao WL, Wang TY, Chan CJ, Chang JG, Chen YC, Lu HF, Yang HH, Chen SY, Tsai FJ. Genome-wide association study of hyperthyroidism based on electronic medical record from Taiwan. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:830621. [PMID: 35991636 PMCID: PMC9390483 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.830621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess thyroid hormones have complex metabolic effects, particularly hyperthyroidism, and are associated with various cardiovascular risk factors. Previous candidate gene studies have indicated that genetic variants may contribute to this variable response. Electronic medical record (EMR) biobanks containing clinical and genomic data on large numbers of individuals have great potential to inform the disease comorbidity development. In this study, we combined electronic medical record (EMR) -derived phenotypes and genotype information to conduct a genome-wide analysis of hyperthyroidism in a 35,009-patient cohort in Taiwan. Diagnostic codes were used to identify 2,767 patients with hyperthyroidism. Our genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified 44 novel genomic risk markers in 10 loci on chromosomes 2, 6, and 14 (P < 5 × 10–14), including CTLA4, HCP5, HLA-B, POU5F1, CCHCR1, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB9, TSHR, RPL17P3, and CEP128. We further conducted a comorbidity analysis of our results, and the data revealed a strong correlation between hyperthyroidism patients with thyroid storm and stroke. In this study, we demonstrated application of the PheWAS using large EMR biobanks to inform the comorbidity development in hyperthyroidism patients. Our data suggest significant common genetic risk factors in patients with hyperthyroidism. Additionally, our results show that sex, body mass index (BMI), and thyroid storm are associated with an increased risk of stroke in subjects with hyperthyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yuan Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Liao
- College of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Personalized Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Genetics Center, Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yuan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Chan
- Genetics Center, Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Chen
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Shih-Yin Chen
- Genetics Center, Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Shih-Yin Chen
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Genetics Center, Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Fuu-Jen Tsai
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11
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Otomo N, Lu HF, Koido M, Kou I, Takeda K, Momozawa Y, Kubo M, Kamatani Y, Ogura Y, Takahashi Y, Nakajima M, Minami S, Uno K, Kawakami N, Ito M, Sato T, Watanabe K, Kaito T, Yanagida H, Taneichi H, Harimaya K, Taniguchi Y, Shigematsu H, Iida T, Demura S, Sugawara R, Fujita N, Yagi M, Okada E, Hosogane N, Kono K, Nakamura M, Chiba K, Kotani T, Sakuma T, Akazawa T, Suzuki T, Nishida K, Kakutani K, Tsuji T, Sudo H, Iwata A, Kaneko K, Inami S, Kochi Y, Chang WC, Matsumoto M, Watanabe K, Ikegawa S, Terao C. Polygenic Risk Score of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis for Potential Clinical Use. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:1481-1491. [PMID: 34159637 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common disease causing three-dimensional spinal deformity in as many as 3% of adolescents. Development of a method that can accurately predict the onset and progression of AIS is an immediate need for clinical practice. Because the heritability of AIS is estimated as high as 87.5% in twin studies, prediction of its onset and progression based on genetic data is a promising option. We show the usefulness of polygenic risk score (PRS) for the prediction of onset and progression of AIS. We used AIS genomewide association study (GWAS) data comprising 79,211 subjects in three cohorts and constructed a PRS based on association statistics in a discovery set including 31,999 female subjects. After calibration using a validation data set, we applied the PRS to a test data set. By integrating functional annotations showing heritability enrichment in the selection of variants, the PRS demonstrated an association with AIS susceptibility (p = 3.5 × 10-40 with area under the receiver-operating characteristic [AUROC] = 0.674, sensitivity = 0.644, and specificity = 0.622). The decile with the highest PRS showed an odds ratio of as high as 3.36 (p = 1.4 × 10-10 ) to develop AIS compared with the fifth in decile. The addition of a predictive model with only a single clinical parameter (body mass index) improved predictive ability for development of AIS (AUROC = 0.722, net reclassification improvement [NRI] 0.505 ± 0.054, p = 1.6 × 10-8 ), potentiating clinical use of the prediction model. Furthermore, we found the Cobb angle (CA), the severity measurement of AIS, to be a polygenic trait that showed a significant genetic correlation with AIS susceptibility (rg = 0.6, p = 3.0 × 10-4 ). The AIS PRS demonstrated a significant association with CA. These results indicate a shared polygenic architecture between onset and progression of AIS and the potential usefulness of PRS in clinical settings as a predictor to promote early intervention of AIS and avoid invasive surgery. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Otomo
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Masaru Koido
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan.,Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuyo Kou
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Takeda
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan.,Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoji Ogura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Takahashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakajima
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Minami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seirei Sakura Citizen Hospital, Sakura, Japan
| | - Koki Uno
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Kobe Medical Center, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Manabu Ito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Watanabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata University Medical and Dental General Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Yanagida
- Department of Orthopedic & Spine Surgery, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Taneichi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Katsumi Harimaya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Yuki Taniguchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Shigematsu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iida
- First Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Satoru Demura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ryo Sugawara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Fujita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Yagi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eijiro Okada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naobumi Hosogane
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Katsuki Kono
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Kono Orthopaedic Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Chiba
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kotani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seirei Sakura Citizen Hospital, Sakura, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sakuma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seirei Sakura Citizen Hospital, Sakura, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Akazawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seirei Sakura Citizen Hospital, Sakura, Japan
| | - Teppei Suzuki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Kobe Medical Center, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nishida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Kakutani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Taichi Tsuji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Meijo Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideki Sudo
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Spine and Spinal Cord Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Iwata
- Department of Preventive and Therapeutic Research for Metastatic Bone Tumor, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kaneko
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Yuta Kochi
- Department of Genomic Function and Diversity, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental and University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University-Wangfang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kota Watanabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan.,Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Applied Genetics, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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12
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Hsu YW, Lu HF, Chou WH, Kuo HC, Chang WC. Functional correlations between CXCL10/IP10 gene polymorphisms and risk of Kawasaki disease. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:363-370. [PMID: 32989803 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis syndrome with unknown pathogen. The immune system has been suggested to involve in the pathogenesis in KD. IP10 is a chemoattractant for initiating T-cell activation. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms of IP10 and KD. METHODS A total of 354 KD patients and 1,709 control subjects (709 subjects in cohort 1 and 1,000 subjects in cohort 2) were enrolled in this study. Four tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs3921, rs4256246, rs4508917, and rs4386624) were chosen for genotyping. RESULTS Our results indicated that CC genotype of rs3921 and GG genotype of rs4386624 had higher frequency in KD patients compared to control. In addition, higher plasma IP10 level was observed in CC genotype of rs3921 than CG genotype and GG genotype. C/G haplotype carriers of rs3921/rs4386624 had 5.48-fold risk for KD compared to G/C haplotype carriers. Two-locus analysis further showed the combinatorial effects of rs3921 and rs4386624 in KD susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated the close correlation between IP10 and the risk of Kawasaki disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Hsu
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Laboratory of Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wan-Hsuan Chou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Master's Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Master's Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Wong HSC, Lin YJ, Lu HF, Liao WL, Chen CH, Wu JY, Chang WC, Tsai FJ. Genomic interrogation of familial short stature contributes to the discovery of the pathophysiological mechanisms and pharmaceutical drug repositioning. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:91. [PMID: 31699087 PMCID: PMC6836357 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0581-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic factors, dysregulation in the endocrine system, cytokine and paracrine factors are implicated in the pathogenesis of familial short stature (FSS). Nowadays, the treatment choice for FSS is limited, with only recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) being available. Methods Herein, starting from the identification of 122 genetic loci related to FSS, we adopted a genetic-driven drug discovery bioinformatics pipeline based on functional annotation to prioritize crucial biological FSS-related genes. These genes were suggested to be potential targets for therapeutics. Results We discovered five druggable subnetworks, which contained seven FSS-related genes and 17 druggable targerts. Conclusions This study provides a valuable drug repositioning accompanied by corresponding targetable gene clusters for FSS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Sung-Ching Wong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ju Lin
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Laboratory of Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wen-Ling Liao
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center for Personalized Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsiun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University , New Taipei City, Taiwan. .,Pain Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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14
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Lyu H, Fu LM, Tu XY, Lu HF, Shui RH, Cheng YF, Li XQ, Yang WT. [Invasive breast lobular carcinoma with extracellular mucin: a clinicopathological analysis]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2019; 48:779-783. [PMID: 31594042 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the clinicopathological features of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) of the breast with extracellular mucin and outcomes of patients. Method: Clinicopathological features and clinical follow-up (39-123 months and a median follow-up of 55 months) of seven ILC with extracellular mucin were obtained. Hematoxylin-and-eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) stained sections were reviewed, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was performed for tumors with HER2 IHC 2+. Patient prognosis was analyzed and literatures related to ILC with extracellular mucin were reviewed. Results: All seven patients were female, aged from 43 to 73 years (median age, 55 years). The tumors ranged in size from 1 to 5 cm (median size 2 cm). All seven cases were of histological grade 2. Most areas of the tumors presented with the morphology of classic ILC, and variable amount of extracellular mucin were observed focally. In six cases, part of the tumor cells contained intracellular mucin, and the nucleus were pushed to one side of the cells, creating the impression of signet-ring cells. Two patients had lymph node metastases at diagnosis, and developed liver and bone metastases at 38th and 48th month, respectively, after surgery, and died at 48th and 123th month, respectively. While the other five patients, except one lost to follow-up, had been disease-free during the follow-up period. IHC results showed estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) positivity in 7/7 and 6/7 cases, respectively. Tumors of six patients were HER2 IHC 0/1+. The remaining one was HER2 IHC 2+, while FISH assay revealed HER2 gene amplification in that tumor. The proportion of cases with HER2-positivity was 1/7. The proliferation index Ki-67 ranged from less than 5% to 30%, and Ki-67 less than or equal to 10% were in 5/7 cases. According to the 2013 St. Gallen International Expert Consensus on breast cancer, all tumors were of luminal types; of those, two were luminal A and five were luminal B. Conclusions: ILC with extracellular mucin tends to occur in women over 50 years old. All tumors in the study are grade 2 classic ILC, with signet-ring cells as a common feature. All seven tumors are classified as luminal types, with luminal B as the main molecular subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lyu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - L M Fu
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Shandong Province, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - X Y Tu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - H F Lu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - R H Shui
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y F Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - X Q Li
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - W T Yang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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15
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Lu HF, Hung KS, Chu HW, Wong HSC, Kim J, Kim MK, Choi BY, Tai YT, Ikegawa S, Cho EC, Chang WC. Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies Identifies Three Loci Associated With Stiffness Index of the Calcaneus. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:1275-1283. [PMID: 30779856 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The stiffness index (SI) from quantitative ultrasound measurements is a good indicator of BMD and may be used to predict the risk of osteoporotic fracture. We conducted a genomewide association study (GWAS) for SI using 7742 individuals from the Taiwan Biobank, followed by a replication study in a Korean population (n = 2955). Approximately 6.1 million SNPs were subjected to association analysis, and SI-associated variants were identified. We further conducted a meta-analysis of Taiwan Biobank significant SNPs with a Korean population-based cohort. Candidate genes were prioritized according to epigenetic annotations, gene ontology, protein-protein interaction, GWAS catalog, and expression quantitative trait loci analyses. Our results revealed seven significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within three loci: 7q31.31, 17p13.3, and 11q14.2. Conditional analysis showed that three SNPs, rs2536195 (CPED1/WNT16), rs1231207 (SMG6), and rs4944661 (LOC10050636/TMEM135), were the most important signals within these regions. The associations for the three SNPs were confirmed in a UK Biobank estimated BMD GWAS; these three cytobands were replicated successfully after a meta-analysis with a Korean population cohort as well. However, two SNPs were not replicated. After prioritization, we identified two novel genes, RAB15 and FNTB, as strong candidates for association with SI. Our study identified three SI-associated SNPs and two novel SI-related genes. Overall, these results provide further insight into the genetic architecture of osteoporosis. Further studies in larger East Asian populations are needed. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Fang Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Laboratory of Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kuo-Sheng Hung
- Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Injury, Prevention and Control, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Wei Chu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Henry Sung-Ching Wong
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Youl Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu-Ting Tai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory of Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Er-Chieh Cho
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University-Wanfang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine Research, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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16
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Kao CC, Cheng SY, Wang YJ, Chien SC, Hsu YW, Wu MY, Lu HF, Nam S, Sun T, Wu MS, Chang WC. Association of endothelin genetic variants and hospitalized infection complications in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. BMC Nephrol 2019; 20:203. [PMID: 31167651 PMCID: PMC6549338 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1349-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection is the second most common cause of mortality for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), accompanying with immune dysfunction. Endothelin (EDN) is known to be related to inflammation; however, it is unknown whether genetic variants of the EDN gene family are associated with increased risk of hospitalized infection events. METHODS Nineteen tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (tSNPs) of the EDN gene family were selected for genotyping a cohort of 190 ESRD patients. Patient demographics were recorded, the subtypes of infection events were identified, and association analysis between the EDN genetic variants and hospitalized infection events was performed. RESULTS In this study, 106 patients were hospitalized for infection events. The leading events were pneumonia, bacteremia, and cellulitis. The minor allele of rs260741, rs197173, and rs926632 SNPs of EDN3 were found to be associated with reduced risk of hospitalized bacteremia events. CONCLUSIONS The minor allele of rs260741, rs197173, and rs926632 in EDN3 were associated with reduced risk of hospitalized bacteremia events in ESRD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chin Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ying Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jia Wang
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chen Chien
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Clinical Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Hsu
- Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Academia Sinica, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yi Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sean Nam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Mai-Szu Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110 Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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17
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Otomo N, Mizumoto S, Lu HF, Takeda K, Campos-Xavier B, Mittaz-Crettol L, Guo L, Takikawa K, Nakamura M, Yamada S, Matsumoto M, Watanabe K, Ikegawa S. Identification of novel LFNG mutations in spondylocostal dysostosis. J Hum Genet 2018; 64:261-264. [DOI: 10.1038/s10038-018-0548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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18
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Huang CE, Lu HF, Chen CL, Wang CH, Huang CJ, Cheng KW, Wu SC, Shih TH, Yang SC, Juang SE, Jawan B, Lee YE, Lee HY. Comparison of Core Temperature Changes Between Pediatric Patients Lying on Regular Operating Room Linen Drapes and Water-Repellent Sheepskin Rug in Living Donor Liver Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:2648-2650. [PMID: 30401368 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.02.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to compare the core temperature changes between pediatric patients lying on regular operating room linen drapes and a water-repellent sheepskin rug during living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and to evaluate the effectiveness of using a water-repellent sheepskin rug in preventing profound hypothermia due to fluid overflow from the abdominal cavity during LDLT. PATIENTS AND METHODS The operative records of pediatric patients who underwent LDLT from June 1994-September 2003 were reviewed retrospectively. The nasopharyngeal temperature (NT) changes during the LDLT procedure between patients lying on regular operating room drapes (GI) and water-repellent sheepskin rug (GII) were compared and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. A P value <.05 was regarded as significant. RESULTS Thirty-two patients were included in GI and 56 in GII. Profound hypothermia was not observed in any recipients lying on a water-repellent sheepskin rug (GII). The NT after induction and the following 4 hours into the LT procedure were significantly higher in GII than GI. CONCLUSION Pediatric patients lying on water-repellent sheepskin preserved their core temperature better in comparison to patients lying on linen drapes. The use of a water-repellent sheepskin rug seems to be effective in preventing profound hypothermia related to physical contact with abdominal fluid overflow during the LDLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-E Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - H F Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C-L Chen
- Liver Transplant Program and Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C-H Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C-J Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - K-W Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S-C Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - T-H Shih
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S-C Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S-E Juang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - B Jawan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Y-E Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - H-Y Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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19
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Kao CC, Cheng SY, Wu MY, Chien SC, Lu HF, Hsu YW, Zhang YF, Wu MS, Chang WC. Associations of genetic variants of endothelin with cardiovascular complications in patients with renal failure. BMC Nephrol 2017; 18:291. [PMID: 28882114 PMCID: PMC5590196 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-017-0707-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular (CV) complications are the main cause of death in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The high CV risks are attributable to the additive effects of multiple factors. Endothelin (EDN) is a potent vasoconstrictor and plays a role in regulating vascular homeostasis. However, whether variants of the EDN gene are associated with risks of CV events is not known. We conducted a study to investigate associations of variants of the EDN gene with CV events in ESRD patients. METHODS A cohort of 190 ESRD patients was recruited, and 19 tagged single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the EDN gene family were selected for genotyping through a TaqMan assay. Data on clinical characteristics and hospitalizations for CV events were collected. Associations of genetic variants of the EDN gene with CV events were analyzed. RESULTS In this cohort, 62% (n = 118) of patients were hospitalized for a CV event. The EDN1 rs4714384 (CC/TC vs. TT) polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of a CV event after multiple testing (p < 0.001). Further functional exploration showed that it was a quantitative trait locus which may significantly alter gene expression in the tibial artery. CONCLUSIONS EDN1 rs4714384 is very likely an important biomarker of CV events in ESRD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chin Kao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ying Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yi Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chen Chien
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Clinical Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Hsu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Feng Zhang
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL USA
| | - Mai-Szu Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Sun XJ, Zuo K, Tang SX, Lu HF, Shui RH, Yu BH, Xu XL, Cheng YF, Tu XY, Bi R, Yang WT. [Correlation between androgen receptor expression and surrogate molecular subtypes in invasive breast carcinoma]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2017; 46:476-480. [PMID: 28728221 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate androgen receptor(AR)expression in invasive breast carcinoma and the correlation with surrogate molecular breast carcinoma subtypes. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining of AR and other biomarkers was performed in a cohort of 870 cases of primary invasive breast carcinomas collected from August to December, 2016. The association of AR expression with different histological and surrogate molecular subtypes was analyzed. Results: The positive expression rate of AR in the immunohistochemistry-based surrogate subtypes was 96.3%(207/215) for Luminal A, 89.8%(378/421) for Luminal B, 82.4%(75/91) for HER2 overexpression and 37.1%(53/143) for triple negative breast carcinoma, with significant differences among the four groups (P<0.01). AR correlated positively with the expression of ER(P<0.01), PR(P<0.01), HER2(P=0.007), GATA3(P<0.01), GCDFP15(P<0.01)and mammaglobin(P<0.01), while negatively with the expression of Ki-67(P<0.01), CK5/6(P<0.01)and CK14(P<0.01). Conclusions: AR exhibits a high expression in invasive breast carcinoma, which is mainly correlated with ER-positive breast carcinoma. Regardless of the relatively low expression rate, AR is a potential therapeutic target in triple negative breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Sun
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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21
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Huang YH, Yang KD, Hsu YW, Lu HF, Wong HSC, Yu HR, Kuo HC, Huang FC, Lo MH, Hsieh KS, Chen SF, Chang WC, Kuo HC. Correlation of HAMP gene polymorphisms and expression with the susceptibility and length of hospital stays in Taiwanese children with Kawasaki disease. Oncotarget 2017; 8:51859-51868. [PMID: 28881695 PMCID: PMC5584296 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a form of systemic vasculitis. Regarding its pathogenesis, HAMP gene encoding hepcidin, which is significant for iron metabolism, has a vital function. In this study, we recruited a total of 381 KD patients for genotyping. Data from 997 subjects (500 subjects from cohort 1; 497 subjects from cohort 2) were used for analysis. Using TaqMan allelic discrimination, we determined five tag SNPs (rs916145, rs10421768, rs3817623, rs7251432, and rs2293689). Treatment outcome data related to such clinical phenotypes as coronary artery lesions (CAL), coronary artery aneurysms (CAA), and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) effects were also collected. Furthermore, we measured plasma hepcidin levels with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that HAMP gene polymorphism (rs7251432, and rs2293689) was significantly correlated with KD risk and that plasma hepcidin levels both before and after IVIG treatment had a significantly positive correlation with length of hospital stays (R = 0.217, p = 0.046 and R = 0.381, p < 0.0001, respectively). In contrast, plasma hepcidin levels has a negative correlation with KD patients’ albumin levels (R = −0.27, p < 0.001) prior to IVIG treatment. This study's findings indicate that HAMP might have a role in the disease susceptibility, as well as its expressions correlated length of hospital stays, and albumin levels in Taiwanese children with KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hsien Huang
- Department of Pediatrics and Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuender D Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Hsu
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Henry Sung-Ching Wong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Master's Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics and Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Chun Kuo
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, CGUST, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chen Huang
- Department of Pediatrics and Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Hung Lo
- Department of Pediatrics and Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Sheng Hsieh
- Department of Pediatrics and Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Su-Fen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, St Vincent Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Master's Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics and Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Master's Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen WC, Wei JCC, Lu HF, Wong HSC, Woon PY, Hsu YW, Huang JD, Chang WC. rs657075 (CSF2) Is Associated with the Disease Phenotype (BAS-G) of Ankylosing Spondylitis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18010083. [PMID: 28054948 PMCID: PMC5297717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a systemic autoimmune disease mainly affecting the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joints, and exhibits peripheral inflammatory arthropathy. More than 25 loci have been identified as associated with AS. Because both AS and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are autoimmune diseases that may share some common genetic factors, we therefore examined if the newly identified RA genetic polymorphisms were associated with AS in a Taiwanese population. In this study, we enrolled 475 AS patients and 11,301 healthy subjects from a Taiwanese biobank as controls. Although none of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with the susceptibility to AS, the AS disease index Bath AS Global (BAS-G) clinical phenotype was observed as significantly correlated to the AA genotype of rs657075 (CSF2). The significance remains after gender/age/disease duration adjustment and after group categorization by human leukocyte antigen-B 27 (HLA-B27) genotype. We further investigated the possible functions of rs657075 through bioinformatics approaches. Results revealed that polymorphism of rs657075 is able to influence the expression of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 6 (ACSL6). In conclusion, our study indicated that rs657075 (CSF2) is strongly associated with the AS disease index Bath AS Global (BAS-G) clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chiao Chen
- Institude of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
| | - James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11014, Taiwan.
| | - Henry Sung-Ching Wong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11014, Taiwan.
- Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11014, Taiwan.
| | - Peng Yeong Woon
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Wen Hsu
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Jin-Ding Huang
- Institude of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11014, Taiwan.
- Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11014, Taiwan.
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University-Wanfang Hospital, Taipei 116, Taiwan.
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Chuang YC, Ting WH, Lu HF, Peng FS. Minimizing Blood Loss in Women with Huge Severe Adhesive Adenomyosis Using da Vinci Robot. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2016.08.802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Chen YC, Ting WH, Lu HF, Peng FS, Chuang YC. Single Port Robotic Hysterectomy for Deep Infiltrative Endometriosis Using GelPOINT Access Platforms. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2016.08.800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology. IFNG gene encoding interferon (IFN)-γ, produced by natural killer cells and T cells, has been suggested to play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of Kawasaki disease. The aim of this study was to examin the correlation of gene polymorphisms of the IFNG gene and plasma levels of IFN-γ in KD patients and their outcomes.A total of 950 subjects (381 KD and 569 controls) were recruited. Three tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2069718, rs1861493, rs2069705) were selected for TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. Clinical phenotypes, coronary artery lesions (CAL), coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment outcomes were collected for analysis. Plasma IFN-γ levels were also measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Polymorphisms of the IFNG gene were significantly different between the normal controls and KD patients. The G allele of rs1861493 conferred a better response to IVIG treatment in KD patients. AA allele frequencies of rs1861493 were also associated with a significantly higher risk of CAA in KD patients. Furthermore, the plasma IFN-γ level was lower in the AA allele than in the GG allele of rs1861493 both before and after IVIG treatment in KD patients.This study provides the first evidence supporting an association between IFNG gene polymorphisms, susceptibility of KD, IVIG responsiveness, and plasma IFN-γ levels in KD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hsien Huang
- From the Department of Pediatrics and Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, (Y-HH, H-RY, F-CH, H-CK); Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University (Y-WH, H-FL, W-CC); The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica (Y-WH); Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital (H-FL, W-CC); Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University (HS-CW, W-CC); Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei (W-CC, H-CK); and Institute of Nursing and Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (H-CK)
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26
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Klahan S, Huang WC, Chang CM, Wong HSC, Huang CC, Wu MS, Lin YC, Lu HF, Hou MF, Chang WC. Gene expression profiling combined with functional analysis identify integrin beta1 (ITGB1) as a potential prognosis biomarker in triple negative breast cancer. Pharmacol Res 2015; 104:31-7. [PMID: 26675717 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for approximately 15-20% of all types of breast cancer, and treatment is still limited. This type of breast cancer shows a high risk of recurrence, visceral metastasis, a worse prognosis, and shorter distant metastasis-free survival. Several studies have been reported that genetics factors are associated with breast cancer disease progression and patients' survival. In this study, we combined Taiwanese microarray data from the GEO database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to study the role of Integrin Beta1 (ITGB1) in TNBC. Two triple negative breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231; MDA-MB-468) were used to validate the functions of ITGB1. We found that a higher ITGB1 gene expression level was associated to lower survival. Silencing of ITGB1 inhibited TNBC cell migration, invasion and store-operated calcium influx. Our study provided a potential candidate biomarker for breast cancer cells migration, invasion and TNBC patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhontip Klahan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Huang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei City 115, Taiwan
| | - Che-Mai Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan; Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
| | - Henry Sung-Ching Wong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan; Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Huang
- Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei City 221, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Shin Wu
- Department of General and Computational Linguistics, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yu-Chiao Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan; Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei City 116, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University hospital, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan; Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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27
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Wei JCC, Sung-Ching HW, Hsu YW, Wen YF, Wang WC, Wong RH, Lu HF, van Gaalen FA, Chang WC. Interaction between HLA-B60 and HLA-B27 as a Better Predictor of Ankylosing Spondylitis in a Taiwanese Population. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137189. [PMID: 26469786 PMCID: PMC4607494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a form of chronic inflammatory spondyloarthritis (SpA) that causes pain and stiffness in spines or joints. Human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) and B60 (HLA-B60) have been reported as major genetic risk factors of AS. In addition, rs13202464, located on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region, showed high sensitivity (98.7%) and specificity (98.0%) for HLA-B27. Design The aim of our study is to test whether the interaction between HLA-B60 and HLA-B27 (rs13202464) can serve as a better predictor of AS. We have genotyped HLA-B60 and rs13202464 among 471 patients with AS and 557 healthy subjects. Combined risk factors were investigated to test the biological interaction. Results Our results indicated that the relative risk (RR) for HLA-B27+/HLA-B60− was 152 (95% CI 91 to 255) and it increased to 201 (95% CI 85 to 475) in HLA-B27+/HLA-B60+ patients (with HLA-B27−/HLA-B60− as reference). Combinational analysis of two risk factors (HLA-B27+/HLA-B60+) showed a relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) of 46.79 (95% CI: -117.58 to 211.16), attributable proportion (AP) of 0.23 (95% CI: -0.41 to 0.88) and a synergy index (S) of 1.31 (95% CI: 0.56 to 3.04). Conclusion In conclusion, genetic interaction analysis revealed that the interaction between HLA-B60 and HLA-B27 is a better marker for the risk of AS susceptibility in a Taiwanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Intergrative Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Henry Wong Sung-Ching
- Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Hsu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Tiawan
| | - Ya-Feng Wen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Wang
- Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Hong Wong
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Floris A. van Gaalen
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University-Wanfang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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28
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Mehta HM, Futami M, Glaubach T, Lee DW, Andolina JR, Yang Q, Whichard Z, Quinn M, Lu HF, Kao WM, Przychodzen B, Sarkar CA, Minella A, Maciejewski JP, Corey SJ. Alternatively spliced, truncated GCSF receptor promotes leukemogenic properties and sensitivity to JAK inhibition. Leukemia 2013; 28:1041-51. [PMID: 24170028 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) drives the production of myeloid progenitor and precursor cells toward neutrophils via the GCSF receptor (GCSFR, gene name CSF3R). Children with severe congenital neutropenia chronically receive pharmacologic doses of GCSF, and ∼30% will develop myelodysplasia/acute myeloid leukemia (AML) associated with GCSFR truncation mutations. In addition to mutations, multiple isoforms of CSF3R have also been reported. We found elevated expression of the alternatively spliced isoform, class IV CSF3R in adult myelodysplastic syndrome/AML patients. Aside from its association with monosomy 7 and higher rates of relapse in pediatric AML patients, little is known about the biology of the class IV isoform. We found developmental regulation of CSF3R isoforms with the class IV expression more representative of a progenitor cell stage. Striking differences were found in phosphoprotein signaling involving Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) and cell cycle gene expression. Enhanced proliferation by class IV GCSFR was associated with diminished STAT3 and STAT5 activation, yet showed sensitivity to JAK2 inhibitors. Alterations in the C-terminal domain of the GCSFR result in leukemic properties of enhanced growth, impaired differentiation and resistance to apoptosis, suggesting that they can behave as oncogenic drivers, sensitive to JAK2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Mehta
- Department of Pediatrics (Hematology-Oncology) and Cell and Molecular Biology, Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Futami
- 1] Department of Pediatrics (Hematology-Oncology) and Cell and Molecular Biology, Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA [2] Division of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Glaubach
- Department of Pediatrics (Hematology-Oncology) and Cell and Molecular Biology, Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - D W Lee
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J R Andolina
- 1] Department of Pediatrics (Hematology-Oncology) and Cell and Molecular Biology, Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA [2] Department of Pediatrics (Hematology-Oncology), University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Q Yang
- Department of Pediatrics (Hematology-Oncology) and Cell and Molecular Biology, Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Z Whichard
- Department of Pediatrics (Hematology-Oncology) and Cell and Molecular Biology, Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Quinn
- Department of Pediatrics (Hematology-Oncology) and Cell and Molecular Biology, Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - H F Lu
- Department of Pediatrics (Hematology-Oncology) and Cell and Molecular Biology, Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - W M Kao
- Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Institute, Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - B Przychodzen
- Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Institute, Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C A Sarkar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - A Minella
- Department of Medicine, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J P Maciejewski
- Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Institute, Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - S J Corey
- Department of Pediatrics (Hematology-Oncology) and Cell and Molecular Biology, Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Xu CM, Liu WW, Liu CJ, Wen C, Lu HF, Wan FS. Mst1 overexpression inhibited the growth of human non-small cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Gene Ther 2013; 20:453-60. [PMID: 23928732 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2013.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian STE20-like kinase 1 (Mst1) ubiquitously encodes serine threonine kinase, which is a 59-kDa class II GC kinase that shares 76% identity in amino-acid sequence with MST2, and is the closest mammalian homolog of Drosophila Hippo protein kinase, a major inhibitor of cell proliferation in Drosophila. Recent studies have shown that Mst1 and Mst2 perform tumor-suppressor function in a redundant manner and were originally identified as pro-apoptotic cytoplasmic kinases important for controlling cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis and organ size. We used recombinant eukaryotic expression vector containing human wild-type Mst1 gene to transfect human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that Mst1 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of A549 cells, promoted Yes-associated protein (YAP) (Ser127) phosphorylation and downregulated the transcriptional level of Cystein-rich protein connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), amphiregulin (AREG) and Survivin. In human NSCLC-cell-A549-xenograft models, Mst1 gene or cisplatin alone suppressed the growth of tumors and increased the cytoplasm-positive expression levels of YAP and Phospho-YAP (Ser127) proteins; however, their combination had the strongest anticancer effects. Overall, Mst1 has an important role in inhibiting the growth of NSCLC in vitro and in vivo; its antiproliferative effect is associated with induction of apoptosis through promotion of the cytoplasmic localization and phosphorylation of YAP protein at Ser127 site, indicating that Mst1 may be developed as a promising therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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30
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Yang SG, Wo JE, Li MW, Yu CB, Lv GL, Cao HC, Lu HF, Wang BH, Zhu HP, Li LJ. Construction and packaging of Semliki forest virus replicon particles efficiently expressing Influenza A virus (H5N1) hemagglutinin. Acta Virol 2009; 53:139-41. [PMID: 19537917 DOI: 10.4149/av_2009_02_139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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31
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Yao L, Mebel AM, Lu HF, Neusser HJ, Lin SH. Anharmonic Effect on Unimolecular Reactions with Application to the Photodissociation of Ethylene. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:6722-9. [PMID: 17489565 DOI: 10.1021/jp069012i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The importance of anharmonic effect on dissociation of molecular systems, especially clusters, has been noted. In this paper, we shall present a theoretical approach that can carry out the first principle calculations of anharmonic canonical and microcanonical rate constants of unimolecular reactions within the framework of transition state theory. In the canonical case, it is essential to calculate the partition function of anharmonic oscillators; for convenience, the Morse oscillator potential will be used for demonstration in this paper. In the microcanical case, which involves the calculation of the total number of states for the activated complex and the density of states for the reactant, we make use of the fact that both the total number of states and the density of states can be expressed in the inverse Laplace transformation of the partition functions and that the inverse Laplace transformation can in turn be carried out by using the saddle-point method. We shall also show that using the theoretical approach presented in this paper the total number of states and density of states can be determined from thermodynamic properties and the difference between the method used in this paper and the thermodynamic model used by Krems and Nordholm will be given. To demonstrate the application of our theoretical approach, we chose the photodissociation of ethylene at 157 and 193 nm as an example.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yao
- Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116023, China.
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Wang HY, Sun JM, Lu HF, Shi DR, Ou ZL, Ren YL, Fu SQ. Micrometastases detected by cytokeratin 19 expression in sentinel lymph nodes of patients with early-stage cervical cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2006; 16:643-8. [PMID: 16681740 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2006.00381.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to detect micrometastases in sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses for cytokeratin 19 (CK19) expression in early-stage cervical cancer. One hundred twenty-five SLNs were collected from 46 patients with early-stage cervical cancer. Conventional histopathologic techniques revealed 14 metastatic SLNs from 11 out of 46 patients. CK19 expression was detected by RT-PCR and IHC in all the 125 SLNs. Cervical cancer tissues from nine patients and five pelvic lymph nodes from the patients without tumor were utilized as positive and negative controls, respectively. All the metastastic SLNs on conventional histopathologic techniques were positive by either RT-PCR or IHC analyses, while all the positive controls were positive and all the negative controls were negative as expected. Of 35 patients without metastatic SLNs on conventional histopathologic techniques, the detection rate of micrometastases was 42.85% by RT-PCR and 20% by IHC analyses. RT-PCR and IHC were more sensitive to identify micrometastases in SLNs of patients with early-stage cervical cancer than routine pathology. These findings demonstrated that micrometastasis could be identified by molecular technique such as RT-PCR and IHC analyses for CK19 expression. RT-PCR was more sensitive to detect micrometastases in SLNs than IHC in patients with early-stage cervical cancer. Therefore, molecular assessment of the SLNs may be a valuable tool to complement routine histologic examination of cervical cancer. The importance of micrometastases in SLNs is under close clinical observation to determine whether it can be used as a predicting factor to help us make decision whether to proceed with whole-pelvic lymph node dissection or as a prognostic factor for clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Wang
- Departments of Gynecological Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Lu HF, Sue CC, Yu CS, Chen SC, Chen GW, Chung JG. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) induced apoptosis undergo caspase-3 activity in human bladder cancer T24 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2004; 42:1543-52. [PMID: 15304301 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2003.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2003] [Accepted: 06/26/2003] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diallyl disulfide (DADS), one of the major components of garlic (Allium sativum), is well known to have chemopreventative activity against human cancer such as colon, lung and skin. But the exact mechanism of the action is still unclear. In this study, we investigated how DADS--induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in T24 human bladder cancer cells in vitro. Apoptosis induction, cell viability, cell cycle arrest, caspases-3, -9 activity and gene expression were measured to determine their variation by flow cytometric assay, western blot, and determination of caspase-3 activity, PCR and cDNA microarray. There are significant differences in cell death (decreased viable cells then increased the amounts of apoptosis) of T24 cells that were detected between DADS (5-75 microM) treated and untreated groups. A significant increase was found in apoptosis induction when cells were treated with DADS (50 microM) compared to without DADS treated groups. DADS also promoted caspase-3 activity after exposure for 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h, which led to induce apoptosis. DADS also increased the product of intracellular hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, the DADS-induced apoptosis on T24 cells was blocked by the broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk and antioxidant (catalase). DADS also increased cyclin E and decreased CDK2 gene expression which may lead to the G2/M arrest of T24 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Lu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng-Hsin Rehabilitation Medical Center, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC
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Chung JG, Lu HF, Yeh CC, Cheng KC, Lin SS, Lee JH. Inhibition of N-acetyltransferase activity and gene expression in human colon cancer cell lines by diallyl sulfide. Food Chem Toxicol 2004; 42:195-202. [PMID: 14667466 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2003.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Diallyl sulfide (DAS) is one of the major components of garlic (Allium sativum) and is widely used in the world for food. In this study, DAS was selected for testing the inhibition of arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity (N-acetylation of 2-aminofluorene) and gene expression (mRNA NAT) in human colon cancer cell lines (colo 205, colo 320 DM and colo 320 HSR). The NAT activity was examined by high performance liquid chromatography and indicated that a 24 h DAS treatment decreases N-acetylation of 2-aminofluorene in three colon (colo 205, 320 DM and colo 320 HSR) cancer cell lines. The NAT enzymes (protein) were analyzed by western blotting and flow cytometry and it indicated that DAS decreased the levels of NAT in three colon (colo 205, 320 DM and colo 320 HSR) cancer cell lines. The gene expression of NAT (mRNAT NAT) was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), it was shown that DAS affect mRNA NAT expression in examined human colon cancer cell lines. This report is the first to demonstrate that DAS does inhibit human colon cancer cell NAT activity and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Chung
- Department of Microbiology, China Medical University, No 91 Hsueh-Shih road, 400 Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Hsia TC, Chung JG, Lu HF, Ho HC, Yang CC, Lu KH, Hung CF. The effect of paclitaxel on 2-aminofluorene-DNA adducts formation and arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity and gene expression in human lung tumor cells (A549). Food Chem Toxicol 2002; 40:697-703. [PMID: 11955676 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-6915(01)00128-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, paclitaxel was used to determine inhibition of arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity, gene expression and 2-aminofluorene-DNA adduct formation in a human lung tumor cell line (A549). The activity of NAT was measured by HPLC assaying for the amounts of N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene (2-AAF) and remaining 2-aminofluorene (2-AF). Human lung tumor cell cytosols and intact cells were used for examining NAT activity and carcinogen-DNA adduct formation. The results demonstrated that NAT activity, gene expression (NAT1 mRNA) and 2-AF-DNA adduct formation in human lung tumor cells were inhibited and decreased by paclitaxel in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of paclitaxel on the values of the apparent Km and Vmax of NAT from human lung tumor cells were also determined in both examined systems. The result also indicated that paclitaxel decreased the apparent values of Km and Vmax from human lung tumor cells in both cytosol and intact cells. Thus, paclitaxel is an uncompetitive inhibitor to NAT enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Hsia
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, No 2, Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
AIM: To study the clinicopathological and mole cular genetic characteristics of typical Chinese hereditary nonpolyposis cotorectal cancer (HNPCC) families.
METHODS: Four typical Chinese HNPCC families were analyzed using microdissection, microsatellite instability analysis, immunostaining of hMSH2 and hMLH1 proteins and direct DNA sequencing of hMSH2 and hMLH1 genes.
RESULTS: All five tumor tissues of 4 probands from the 4 typical Chinese HNPCC families showed microsatellite instability at more than two loci (MSI-H or RER+ phenotype). Three out of the 4 cases lost hMSH2 protein expression and the other case showed no hMLH1 protein expression. Three pathological germline mutations (2 in hMSH2 and 1 in hMLH1), which had not been reported previously, were identified. The same mutations were also found in other affected members of two HNPCC families, respectively.
CONCLUSION: Typical Chinese HNPCC families showed relatively frequent germline mutation of mismatch repair genes. High-level microsatellite instability and loss of expression of mismatch repair genes correlated closely with germline mutation of mismatch repair genes. Microsatellite instability analysis and immunostaining of mismatch repair gene might serve as effective screening methods before direct DNA sequencing. It is necessary to establish clinical criteria and molecular diagnostic strategies more suitable for Chinese HNPCC families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Cai
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital/Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Shekarriz B, Meng MV, Lu HF, Yamada H, Duh QY, Stoller ML. Laparoscopic nephrectomy for inflammatory renal conditions. J Urol 2001; 166:2091-4. [PMID: 11696713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammatory and infectious renal conditions may result in severe perirenal fibrosis, making the laparoscopic approach challenging. The theoretical advantages of laparoscopy for managing inflammatory and infectious renal conditions have been questioned. We identified whether laparoscopy for inflammatory renal conditions is associated with higher morbidity than for other benign renal conditions. Furthermore, several technical modifications are discussed that may help to improve the outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy for inflammatory and infectious renal conditions between 1998 and 2000. The transperitoneal approach was used and specimens were removed after morcellation. Operative data were compared with those from a similar group of patients who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy for other benign conditions. RESULTS Laparoscopic nephrectomy done for inflammatory or infectious conditions in 12 cases and for other benign conditions in 9 matched cases was completed successfully in 10 (83%) and 9 (100%), respectively. In the inflammatory and benign groups mean blood loss plus or minus standard deviation was 155 +/- 163 and 59 +/- 23 ml. (p = 0.099), mean operative time was 284 +/- 126 and 226 +/- 62 minutes (p = 0.225), and mean postoperative hospital stay was 4.1 +/- 2 and 3 +/- 1 days (p = 0.157), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic nephrectomy can be performed safely in most cases of inflammatory renal conditions. Although they were not statistically significant, a higher conversion rate and longer operative time should be expected. Early conversion may be required due to failure to progress. Similar advantages were observed in patients with inflammatory and other benign renal conditions via the laparoscopic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Shekarriz
- Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94143-0738, USA
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Tsai FJ, Lu HF, Yeh LS, Hsu CD, Chen WC. Lack of evidence for the association of tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene promoter polymorphism with calcium oxalate stone and bladder cancer patients. Urol Res 2001; 29:412-6. [PMID: 11828995 DOI: 10.1007/s002400100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Urinary stone disease and bladder cancer are two of the most commonly seen urologic diseases in Taiwan. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is one of the cytokines secreted by macrophages and is related to a sequence of events in response to inflammation and cancer formation. We investigated the polymorphism of the TNF-alpha gene promoter -308 as a genetic marker in searching for the association between these two commonly seen urologic diseases. One hundred and fourteen patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder and 103 patients with calcium oxalate stone were compared with 150 healthy controls. The polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction analysis (Nco I endonuclease). The results revealed no significant differences between normal individuals and the patients with the two commonly seen urologic diseases (P > 0.05). We concluded that the polymorphism of the TNF-alpha promoter -308 is not a valid genetic marker for these two urologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Tsai
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical College Hospital, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan
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39
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Shekarriz B, Graziottin TM, Gholami S, Lu HF, Yamada H, Duh QY, Stoller ML. Transperitoneal preperitoneal laparoscopic lumbar incisional herniorrhaphy. J Urol 2001; 166:1267-9. [PMID: 11547055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Flank incisions may be associated with flank hernias, which may be complicated by incarceration and strangulation. Furthermore, they may be the cause of significant patient dissatisfaction with the surgical outcome. To avoid an open surgical procedure with its associated morbidity for hernia repair we describe a novel laparoscopic technique for repairing flank hernias with minimal morbidity and an excellent outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three cases of flank hernia were managed by the transperitoneal preperitoneal laparoscopic approach using polypropylene mesh to repair the fascial defect. An initial transperitoneal approach helps to identify the limits of the hernia. A 2 to 3 cm. margin of overlying peritoneum is incised around the hernia margin. It is important not to dissect overlying bowel. The mesh is placed behind the peritoneal envelope and secured with hernia staples. RESULTS All cases were managed successfully via laparoscopy. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. At a mean followup of 12 months cosmesis has been excellent and there have been no recurrences. CONCLUSIONS We describe a minimally invasive, versatile technique for laparoscopic repair of flank incisional hernias with excellent functional and cosmetic results. This approach avoids the significant morbidity associated with open repair of incisional flank hernias.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Shekarriz
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, 94143-0738, USA
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Lu HF, Tsou MF, Huang SY, Tsai WC, Chung JG, Cheng KS. Factors affecting the recovery of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 from cooling tower water systems. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2001; 34:161-6. [PMID: 11605805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
A total of 20 water samples collected from the cooling towers at 20 different sites were analyzed under various conditions for the presence of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. A comparative assessment was performed to evaluate methods of sample collection (spray drops, beneath water at 20- to 40-cm depth, and water outlet), concentration (filtration and centrifugation), acid buffer treatment (no treatment, treatment for 3, 5, and 15 min), and CO2 incubation or candle jar incubation. The reduction in viable colonies and false negative rate were compared for the different factors. No quantitative differences in isolation of L. pneumophila serogroup 1 was found among samples collected from water at a depth of 20 to 40 cm, from water outlet, and from spray drops. Treatment in an acid buffer for 15 min significantly reduced the recovery rate, with a reduction in bacterial counts of about 40%, compared with a 3-min (12%) or a 5-min (25%) treatment. Acid buffer treatment for 3 or 5 min reduced the overgrowth of commensal flora. This treatment improved the selectivity but not the sensitivity for L. pneumophila serogroup 1. Colonies on plates incubated at 37 degrees C in a candle jar with a humidified atmosphere grew better than those incubated at 35 degrees C with 5% CO2. These results demonstrate that methods of sample collection, concentration, and incubation, but not collection site, can affect the isolation rate for L. pneumophila serogroup 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Lu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin Rehabilitation and Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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41
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Tsou MF, Chen GW, Hung CF, Yeh FT, Chang HL, Lu HF, Chung JG. Luteolin inhibits the growth and arylamine N-acetyl-transferase activity in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Microbios 2001; 104:87-97. [PMID: 11297015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Growth inhibition and arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity in Neisseria gonorrhoeae were inhibited by luteolin, a drug which originated from herbs. The growth inhibition was based on changes in optical density (OD) using a spectrophotometer, and arylamine NAT activity with 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) was determined using high pressure liquid chromatography. The inhibition of growth in N. gonorrhoeae demonstrated that luteolin elicited a dose-dependent growth inhibition in the N. gonorrhoeae cultures. Suspensions of N. gonorrhoeae with or without specific concentrations of luteolin cotreatment showed different percentages of 2-AF acetylation. The data indicated that there was reduced NAT activity associated with increased levels of luteolin in N. gonorrhoeae suspensions. Time-course experiments showed that NAT activity measured from intact N. gonorrhoeae cells was inhibited by luteolin for at least 4 h. Using standard steady-state kinetic analysis, it was demonstrated that luteolin was a possible uncompetitive inhibitor to NAT activity in N. gonorrhoeae. This report is the first to show that luteolin can inhibit N. gonorrhoeae NAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Tsou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chen WC, Wu HC, Lu HF, Chen HY, Tsai FJ. Calcitonin receptor gene polymorphism: a possible genetic marker for patients with calcium oxalate stones. Eur Urol 2001; 39:716-9. [PMID: 11464063 DOI: 10.1159/000052532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The formation of urinary stones is hypothesized to be associated with calcitonin receptors. The most commonly seen polymorphism is C/T at the 1377th nucleotide. Hence, these polymorphisms are being used as a genetic marker in the search for the cause of urolithiasis. METHODS A normal control group of 105 healthy people and 102 patients with recurrent calcium oxalate stones were examined. The polymorphism was detected following a polymerase chain reaction-based and restriction analysis by AluI. An uncuttable length is 228 bp (CC) whereas two fragments of 120 and 108 bp are shown as cuttable lengths (TT). RESULTS The results revealed significant differences between the normal individuals and the stone patients (p<0.01). The distribution of leucine (cuttable) homozygote in the stone group (2.0%) was higher than in the control group (0.0%). The odds ratio for the leucine allele of the calcitonin receptor gene in calcium oxalate stone disease is 5.634 (95% CI: 2.286--13.885). CONCLUSIONS Results show that the polymorphism in the calcitonin receptor gene could be a genetic marker for urinary stone disease and therefore it is worthwhile pursuing further studies of the leucine allele of calcitonin receptor gene due to it is strongly correlated with stone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chen
- Department of Urology, China Medical College Hospital, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan
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Abstract
The formation of urinary stones is associated with cell death in response to various injuries. P21 (WAF1/CIP1) is a downstream protein of P53 and can arrest the cell cycle at G1/S with resulting cell death. We aimed to investigate the polymorphism of p2 gene codon 31 as the genetic marker in searching for the association of urolithiasis. One hundred and nineteen healthy controls and 95 patients with calcium oxalate stone were examined in this study. The polymorphism was seen from the result of polymerase chain reaction-based restriction analysis. The result revealed significant differences between normal individuals and stone patients (P < 0.05) and the distribution of arginine homozygote in the control group (31.9%) was higher than in the patient group (16.8%). It is concluded that polymorphisms of p21 codon 31 can be a genetic marker for urinary stone disease. Individuals possessing arginine form of p21 codon 31 have less risk of developing calcium stone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chen
- Department of Urology, China Medical College Hospital, School of Medicine, Taichung, Taiwan
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Shekarriz B, Lu HF, Stoller ML. Correlation of unilateral urolithiasis with sleep posture. J Urol 2001; 165:1085-7. [PMID: 11257643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recurrent stone formers commonly present with calculi on the same side and the etiology of recurrent unilateral urolithiasis is unclear. Despite comprehensive metabolic evaluations, many patients will not be readily categorized into a treatable group. Data from the literature support that sleep posture may result in alterations of renal hemodynamics. We investigate the correlation of sleep posture with unilateral urinary stone formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective study of 110 patients with recurrent unilateral nephrolithiasis was conducted. A questionnaire was used to evaluate patient sleep posture. Right or left side down and rotisserie-like sleep postures were defined. The side of stone formation was correlated with sleep posture using chi-square test. RESULTS Of the patients 93 slept consistently with 1 side in a dependent position and the side of stone was identical to the dependent sleep side in 76% (p = 0.008). The positive predictive values of right and left side down sleep posture for formation of ipsilateral calculi were 82% and 70%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Although the exact pathophysiology of the association between sleep posture and recurrent unilateral stone disease remains to be elucidated, sleep posture may alter renal hemodynamics during sleep and promote stone formation. This observation needs further investigation and should be factored into the evaluation and prevention of unilateral urinary stone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Shekarriz
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0738, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the use of Fok I polymorphism (the most frequent polymorphism, at the start codon of the vitamin D receptor gene, VDR) as a convenient genetic marker in identifying the cause of urolithiasis. PATIENTS, SUBJECTS AND METHODS A normal control group of 90 healthy subjects and 146 patients with calcium oxalate stones were examined. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based restriction analysis, the relationship between Fok I polymorphism and urolithiasis was evaluated. An unexcisable length of 265 bp was identified (allele CC) and two fragments (169 bp and 96 bp) identified as excisable lengths (allele TT). RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (chi-square test, P < 0.05) for the genotype of the VDR Fok I start codon polymorphism. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for the C allele in those at risk of stone disease was 1.672 (1.149-2.432). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the VDR Fok I start codon polymorphism may be a good candidate for a genetic marker in calcium oxalate stone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chen
- Department of Urology, China Medical College Hospital, School of Medicine, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of vitrification with ethylene glycol (EG) for mature human oocytes in straws. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, in vitro experiments. SETTING Reproductive unit of a university hospital. PATIENT(S) Immature oocytes from 110 patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). INTERVENTION(S) The immature oocytes were incubated to reach metaphase II (MII). The MII oocytes were treated with EG-based cryoprotectants and vitrified in straws. They were diluted in sucrose solutions, inseminated by ICSI, and cultured in vitro. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Survival, fertilization, and embryo cleavage. RESULT(S) The survival rates were greater for oocytes pretreated with 1.5 M of EG (65% for 0 minute, 93% for 5 minutes, and 96% for 10 minutes). The oocytes vitrified in 60 and 90 seconds had a greater rate of fertilization than those vitrified in 120 seconds. There were no differences in survival and fertilization for vitrified oocytes diluted by three or four steps. The cleavage rates to the six- to eight-cell stage were comparable with controls. However, no blastocyst formation was observed in vitrified oocytes. CONCLUSION(S) Vitrification of human oocytes with EG in straws achieves a high rate of survival, fertilization, and early cleavage of embryos. Further studies should be conducted for the improvement of blastocyst formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S U Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen WC, Tsai FJ, Wu JY, Wu HC, Lu HF, Li CW. Distributions of p53 codon 72 polymorphism in bladder cancer--proline form is prominent in invasive tumor. Urol Res 2000; 28:293-6. [PMID: 11127705 DOI: 10.1007/s002400000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal function of p53 is commonly associated with various cancer formations. High-grade and late-stage bladder cancers have been reported to have mutated or become inactive p53 when using immunohistochemical stains. Recently, p53 codon 72 polymorphism was extensively studied to determine the risk factors responsible for cancer formation. There was a general population of codon 72 sequence polymorphism of the wild type p53. A single base change from G to C caused the alteration of amino acid residue 72 from arginine to proline. The arginine form is considered to be a significant risk factor in the development of cancer. However, various reports had indicated discrepancies with regard to this polymorphism; some showed no significant difference between the control and cancer groups, while other series were associated with high risks in the proline form homozygotes. To resolve the undefined distribution of this polymorphism in bladder cancers, 58 patients with bladder cancer were enrolled onto this study. When checked using the Chi-squared test (P = 0.952) there were no differences between the control subjects and bladder cancer patients in the distribution of polymorphism. However, proline form homozygotes were more frequently found in the invasive group than the non-invasive group by Fisher's exact test (25% and 2.9%, respectively, P < 0.001). More than 70% of the non-invasive bladder cancers were the arginine form homozygotes. This result is consistent with those reported for hepatocellular carcinoma that showed a history of chronic liver disease and proline form homozygotes in a report by Yu et al. Our data suggest that proline form homozygotes are associated with invasive bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chen
- Department of Urology, China Medical College Hospital, School of Medicine, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wu HC, Lu HF, Hung CF, Chung JG. Inhibition by vitamin C of DNA adduct formation and arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in human bladder tumor cells. Urol Res 2000; 28:235-40. [PMID: 11011961 DOI: 10.1007/s002400000130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have already demonstrated the protective role of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in certain types of cancer. This study reports on the effects of vitamin C on arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity and DNA adduct formation in a human bladder tumor cell (T24) line. The activity of NAT was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), by assaying for the amounts of acetylated 2-aminofluorene (AF) and p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and the remaining amounts of AF and PABA. T24 cells were used for examining NAT activity and carcinogen DNA adduct formation. The results demonstrated that NAT activity and 2-aminofluorene DNA adduct formation in T24 cells were inhibited and decreased by vitamin C in a dose-dependent manner. The apparent kinetic parameters (apparent values of Km and Vmax) from T24 cells were also determined with and without vitamin C cotreatment. The data also indicated that vitamin C decreased the apparent values of Km and Vmax from T24 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Wu
- Department of Urology, China Medical College Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Lu CH, Chen WC, Wu HC, Lu HF. Transrectal ultrasonographic findings in patients with hemospermia. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 2000; 63:558-62. [PMID: 10934809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemospermia causes anxiety in many men. Its etiology includes inflammatory disorders, vascular lesions, malignancies and congenital anomalies. With the advent of modern transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and magnetic resonance imaging technology, we can now visualize the internal structures of the seminal vesicles and prostate, and identify a more accurate etiology for hemospermia. This study was performed to assess the efficacy of TRUS in the evaluation of hemospermia. METHODS TRUS was used to evaluate 40 patients with hemospermia. Patients' ages ranged from 20 to 72 years, with an average age of 41 years. The duration of symptoms was 3 days to 10 years, (average age 12.4 months). Apart from three patients with hepatitis, there was no major illness found in the medical histories. TRUS was performed with a B & K, type 3535 transrectal transducer device, with an 1850 multiplane probe. RESULTS TRUS revealed abnormalities in 33 (83%) of 40 patients, which included ejaculatory duct cysts, müllerian duct cysts, asymmetric seminal vesicle dilatation, preprostatic vein engorgement and prostatic enlargement. There were stones in the ejaculatory ducts, ejaculatory duct cysts, müllerian duct cysts or prostate. Nine patients with prostatic stones were under 40 years-of-age. Other than the development of stones, there were no significant differences between patients less than 40 years-of-age and those more than 40 years old. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that TRUS is an effective method for examining the seminal vesicles, ejaculatory duct and prostate complex. Sonoguided aspiration, injection of contrast medium or biopsy can further help to differentiate the nature of hemospermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Lu
- Department of Urology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Sikorski JA, Devadas B, Zupec ME, Freeman SK, Brown DL, Lu HF, Nagarajan S, Mehta PP, Wade AC, Kishore NS, Bryant ML, Getman DP, McWherter CA, Gordon JI. Selective peptidic and peptidomimetic inhibitors of Candida albicans myristoylCoA: protein N-myristoyltransferase: a new approach to antifungal therapy. Biopolymers 2000; 43:43-71. [PMID: 9174411 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0282(1997)43:1<43::aid-bip5>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
MyristoylCoA: protein N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) catalyzes the cotranslational covalent attachment of a rare cellular fatty acid, myristate, to the N-terminal Gly residue of a variety of eukaryotic proteins. The myristoyl moiety is often essential for expression of the biological functions for these proteins. Attachment of C14:0 alone provides barely enough hydrophobicity to allow stable association with membranes. The partitioning of N-myrisotylproteins is therefore often modulated by "switches" that function through additional covalent or noncovalent modifications. Candida albicans, the principal cause of systemic fungal infection in immunocompromised humans, contains a single NMT gene that is essential for its viability. The functional properties of the acylCoA binding site of human and C. albicans NMT are very similar. However, there are distinct differences in their peptide binding sites. An ADP ribosylation factor (Arf) is included among the few cellular protein substrates of the fungal enzyme. Alanine scanning mutagenesis of an octapeptide derived from an N-terminal Arf sequence (GLYASKLS-NH2) disclosed that Gly1, Ser5, and Lys6 play predominant roles in binding. ALYASKLS-NH2 is an inhibitor competitive for peptide [Ki(app) = 15.3 +/- 6.4 microM] and noncompetitive for myristoylCoA. Remarkably, replacement of the N-terminal tetrapeptide with an 11-aminoundecanoyl group results in a competitive inhibitor (11-aminoundecanoyl-SKLS-NH2) that is approximately 40-fold more potent [Ki(app) = 0.40 +/- 0.03 microM] than the starting octapeptide. Removal of Leu-Ser from the C-terminus generates a competitive dipeptide inhibitor (11-aminoundecanoyl-SK-NH2) with a Ki(app) of 11.7 +/- 0.4 microM, equivalent to that of the starting octapeptide. A derivative dipeptide inhibitor containing a C-terminal N-cyclohexylethyl lysinamide moiety has the advantage of being more potent (IC50 = 0.11 +/- 0.03 microM) and resistant to digestion by cellular carboxypeptidases. Rigidifying the flexible aminoundecanoyl chain results in very potent general NMT inhibitors (IC50 = 40-50 nM). Substituting a 2-methylimidazole for the N-terminal amine and adding a benzylic alpha-methyl group with R stereochemistry to the rigidifying element produces even more potent inhibitors (IC50 = 20-50 nM) that are up to 500-fold selective for the fungal compared to human enzyme. A related less potent member of this series of compounds is fungistatic. Its growth inhibitory effects are associated with a reduction in cellular protein N-myristoylation, judged using cellular Arf as a reporter. These studies establish that NMT is a new antifungal target.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Sikorski
- G.D. Searle Research and Development, Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Missouri 63198, USA
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