Queirós AM, Eschen C, Fliegner D, Kararigas G, Dworatzek E, Westphal C, Sanchez Ruderisch H, Regitz-Zagrosek V. Sex- and estrogen-dependent regulation of a miRNA network in the healthy and hypertrophied heart.
Int J Cardiol 2013;
169:331-8. [PMID:
24157234 DOI:
10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.09.002]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
In pressure overload, profibrotic gene expression and cardiac fibrosis are more pronounced in males than in females. Sex-specific and estrogen-dependent regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs), such as miR-21, may be a potential mechanism leading to sex differences in fibrosis.
OBJECTIVES
To analyze the influence of sex, estrogen, and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) on the expression of miR-21 and to identify additional miRNAs potentially involved in sex-specific pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling.
METHODS
The sex-specific regulation of fibrosis-related miRNAs was analyzed in male and female wild type and ERβ-deficient mice after transverse aortic constriction (TAC), in rat fibroblasts, and in a cardiomyocyte-like cell line.
RESULTS
We report the sex-specific expression of functionally-related miR-21, -24, -27a, -27b, 106a, -106b and the regulation of their expression by estrogen in a sex-specific manner. These effects were abolished in ERβ-deficient mice. We demonstrate the presence of common functional target sites for these miRNAs on three repressors of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, i.e. Rasa1, Rasa2 and Spry1, which may all lead to cardiac fibrosis. As expected, transfection with miRNA mimics targeting these repressors induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation.
CONCLUSIONS
Estrogen regulates a network of miRNAs in a sex-specific manner via ERβ. Our data suggest that the sex-specific expression of these miRNAs may be related to sex differences in fibrosis after pressure overload.
Collapse