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Qiao J, Kang H, Ran Q, Tong H, Ma Q, Wang S, Zhang W, Wu H. Metabolic habitat imaging with hemodynamic heterogeneity predicts individual progression-free survival in high-grade glioma. Clin Radiol 2024:S0009-9260(24)00133-8. [PMID: 38582632 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM We design a feasibility study to obtain a set of metabolic-hemodynamic habitats for tackling tumor spatial metabolic patterns with hemodynamic information. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preoperative data from 69 high-grade gliomas (HGG) patients with subsequent histologic confirmation of HGG were prospectively collected (January 2016 to March 2020) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Four vascular habitats were automatically segmented by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The metabolic information, either at enhancing or edema tumor regions, was obtained by two neuroradiologists. The relative habitat volumes were used for weight estimation procedures for computing the coefficients of a linear regression model using weighted least squares (WLS) for metabolite semiquantifications (i.e. the Cho/NAA ratio and the Cho/Cr ratio) at vascular habitats. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses are used to obtain the odds ratio (OR) and develop a nomogram using weighted estimators corresponding to each covariate derived from Cox regression coefficients. RESULTS There was a strongly correlation between perfusion indexes and the Cho/Cr ratio (rCBV, r=0.71) or Cho/NAA ratio (rCBV, r=0.66) at high-angiogenic enhancing tumor habitats (HAT) habitat. Compared isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation to their wild type, the IDH wild type had significantly decreased Cho/Cr ratio (IDH mutation: Cho/Cr ratio = 2.44 ± 0.33, IDH wildtype: Cho/Cr ratio = 2.66 ± 0.36, p=0.02) and Cho/NAA ratio (IDH mutation: Cho/Cr ratio = 4.59 ± 0.61, IDH wildtype: Cho/Cr ratio = 4.99 ± 0.66, p=0.022) at the HAT. The C-index for the median progression-free survival (PFS) prediction was 0.769 for the Cho/NAA nomogram and 0.747 for the Cho/Cr nomogram through 1000 bootstrapping validation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that spatial metabolism combined with hemodynamic heterogeneity is associated with individual PFS to HGG patients post-CCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Qiao
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10# Changjiangzhilu, Chongqing, 400024, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Centre of Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - H Kang
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10# Changjiangzhilu, Chongqing, 400024, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Centre of Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Q Ran
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10# Changjiangzhilu, Chongqing, 400024, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Centre of Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - H Tong
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10# Changjiangzhilu, Chongqing, 400024, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Centre of Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Q Ma
- Department of Pathology, Army Medical Center, PLA, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - S Wang
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10# Changjiangzhilu, Chongqing, 400024, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Centre of Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10# Changjiangzhilu, Chongqing, 400024, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Centre of Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - H Wu
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 10# Changjiangzhilu, Chongqing, 400024, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Centre of Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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Cai J, Hu J, Xu T, Kang H. FIONA1-mediated mRNA m 6 A methylation regulates the response of Arabidopsis to salt stress. Plant Cell Environ 2024; 47:900-912. [PMID: 38193282 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) is an mRNA modification widely found in eukaryotes and plays a crucial role in plant development and stress responses. FIONA1 (FIO1) is a recently identified m6 A methyltransferase that regulates Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) floral transition; however, its role in stress response remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that FIO1-mediated m6 A methylation plays a vital role in salt stress response in Arabidopsis. The loss-of-function fio1 mutant was sensitive to salt stress. Importantly, the complementation lines expressing the wild-type FIO1 exhibited the wild-type phenotype, whereas the complementation lines expressing the mutant FIO1m , in which two critical amino acid residues essential for methyltransferase activity were mutated, did not recover the wild-type phenotype under salt stress, indicating that the salt sensitivity is associated with FIO1 methyltransferase activity. Furthermore, FIO1-mediated m6 A methylation regulated ROS production and affected the transcript level of several salt stress-responsive genes via modulating their mRNA stability in an m6 A-dependent manner in response to salt stress. Importantly, FIO1 is associated with salt stress response by specifically targeting and differentially modulating several salt stress-responsive genes compared with other m6 A writer. Collectively, our findings highlight the molecular mechanism of FIO1-mediated m6 A methylation in the salt stress adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cai
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Tao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
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Hu WJ, Wang ZH, Wu G, Guo XN, Dong CX, Kang H, Liu QY, Yuan JJ, Yang X. [Analysis of ultrasound images features and diagnostic model establishment of alveolar soft part sarcoma and intramuscular capillary-type hemangiomas]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 104:608-613. [PMID: 38389238 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230728-00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Objective: The ultrasonography features of alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) and intramuscular capillary-type hemangiomas (ICTH) were analyzed, and the diagnostic model of ASPS was established. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out. The clinical data of 52 patients [28 males and 24 females, aged (20.7±15.1) years] with pathologically confirmed ASPS and ICTH admitted to People's Hospital of Henan Province from January 2005 to February 2023 were included in the study. According to pathological types, the patients were divided into ASPS group and ICTH group. Clinical data of patients were retrospectively collected, and meaningful indicators in the univariate analysis were included in the regression analysis for screening. After comprehensive consideration of clinical significance and statistical significance, eligible indicators were selected for inclusion in the regression analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to screen the factors that distinguished the pathological types of ASPS and ICTH, and the diagnostic model was established. The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of the diagnostic model in distinguishing ASPS from ICTH. Results: There were 20 patients in ASPS group, 10 males and 10 females, aged (26.9±13.5) years, and 32 patients in ICTH group, 18 males and 14 females, aged (16.8±15.0) years. The age difference between the ASPS group and the ICTH group was statistically significant (P<0.05), and there were statistically significant differences in the ultrasound imaging features of "clear boundary" "peripheral lobe" "thin blood vessels inside the lesion are straight and out of shape" "intra-lesion liquification" "peripheral thick blood vessels" and "peripheral muscle fiber disruption" between the two groups (all P<0.001).Variables with clinical and statistical significance were selected as independent variables. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that peripheral muscle fiber interruption (OR=97.358, 95%CI:6.833-1 387.249) and internal thin blood vessels were flat and out of shape (OR=0.052, 95%CI:0.003-0.921) was the correlation factor to distinguish the pathological types of ASPS and ICTH. Two ultrasonic image features of "peripheral muscle fiber interruption" and "internal thin blood vessels are straight and out of shape" were used to establish the diagnostic model. The sensitivity of "peripheral muscle fiber interruption" diagnostic model was 81.3%, and the specificity was 95.0%. The AUC was 0.811(95%CI: 0.761-0.954). The sensitivity, specificity and AUC of the diagnosis model of "internal thin vessels with flat misshape" were 90.0%, 96.9% and 0.934(95%CI: 0.830-0.984). The sensitivity, specificity and AUC of the combined diagnosis model of "peripheral muscle fiber interruption" and "internal thin blood vessel straight out of shape" were 96.9%, 90.0% and 0.974(95%CI:0.877-0.999). Conclusion: Ultrasonography can be used to distinguish ASPS from ICTH, and the combined diagnostic model based on the two ultrasonic imaging features of "peripheral muscle fiber interruption" and "internal thin blood vessel straight out of shape" can further improve the diagnostic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Hu
- Department of Ultrasound, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital,Zhengzhou 450003,China
| | - Z H Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital,Zhengzhou 450003,China
| | - G Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital,Zhengzhou 450003,China
| | - X N Guo
- Department of Hemangioma,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003,China
| | - C X Dong
- Department of Hemangioma,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003,China
| | - H Kang
- Department of Pathology,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital,Zhengzhou 450003,China
| | - Q Y Liu
- Department of Pathology,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital,Zhengzhou 450003,China
| | - J J Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital,Zhengzhou 450003,China
| | - X Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Park SS, Kang H, Kim YH, Kim JH. Different tumor growth pattern of clinically nonfunctioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumor according to sex and age: a longitudinal study. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02303-8. [PMID: 38310625 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Asymptomatic patients with clinically non-functional pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (CNF-PitNETs) are usually followed up. However, the natural course of CNF-PitNETs according to sex and age remains unclear. Therefore, this study assessed growth patterns of CNF-PitNETs according to sex and age. METHODS In this longitudinal study, we enrolled 431 consecutive patients with CNF-PitNETs who were treated at Seoul National University Hospital from 1997 to 2021. The patients underwent hormone function testing and visual field testing, and were subsequently followed up with imaging over a median duration of 66 months. RESULTS The median age of the patients was 53.0 years, and 37.1% (n = 160) were men. Men were older and harbored more macroadenomas than women. The annual tumor volume change was higher in men than in women (0.21 vs. 0.04 cm3/year, P < 0.001). The estimated cutoff value of age for significant tumor growth was 51 years. In men, the annual tumor volume change was similar across all age groups. In women, those aged ≤ 50 years showed significantly lower annual tumor volume change than those aged > 50 years (0.01, 0.11, and 0.17 cm3/year, P = 0.001). When comparing sexes within the same age group, the annual tumor volume changes was significantly lower for women than for men, only in patients aged ≤ 50 years (0.01 vs. 0.15 cm3/year, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with CNF-PitNET, tumor growth was slower in women aged ≤ 50 years than in men and women aged > 50. These findings may guide the customization of surveillance strategies for CNF-PitNETs according to sex and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Dae-hak ro, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Pituitary Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Kang
- Pituitary Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Dae-hak ro, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Pituitary Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Dae-hak ro, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Dae-hak ro, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
- Pituitary Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim H, Hu J, Kang H, Kim W. Phylogenetic and functional analyses of N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation factors in the wheat scab fungus Fusarium graminearum. mSphere 2024; 9:e0055223. [PMID: 38085094 PMCID: PMC10826363 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00552-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification plays a crucial role in governing the fate of RNA molecules and has been linked to various developmental processes. However, the phyletic distribution and functions of genetic factors responsible for m6A modification remain largely unexplored in fungi. To get insights into the evolution of m6A machineries, we reconstructed global phylogenies of potential m6A writers, readers, and erasers in fungi. Substantial copy number variations were observed, ranging from up to five m6A writers in early-diverging fungi to a single copy in the subphylum Pezizomycotina, which primarily comprises filamentous fungi. To characterize m6A factors in a phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum, we generated knockout mutants lacking potential m6A factors including the sole m6A writer MTA1. However, the resulting knockouts did not exhibit any noticeable phenotypic changes during vegetative and sexual growth stages. As obtaining a homozygous knockout lacking MTA1 was likely hindered by its essential role, we generated MTA1-overexpressing strains (MTA1-OE). The MTA1-OE5 strain showed delayed conidial germination and reduced hyphal branching, suggesting its involvement during vegetative growth. Consistent with these findings, the expression levels of MTA1 and a potential m6A reader YTH1 were dramatically induced in germinating conidia, followed by the expression of potential m6A erasers at later vegetative stages. Several genes including transcription factors, transporters, and various enzymes were found to be significantly upregulated and downregulated in the MTA1-OE5 strain. Overall, our study highlights the functional importance of the m6A methylation during conidial germination in F. graminearum and provides a foundation for future investigations into m6A modification sites in filamentous fungi.IMPORTANCEN6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is a reversible posttranscriptional modification that regulates RNA function and plays a crucial role in diverse developmental processes. This study addresses the knowledge gap regarding phyletic distribution and functions of m6A factors in fungi. The identification of copy number variations among fungal groups enriches our knowledge regarding the evolution of m6A machinery in fungi. Functional characterization of m6A factors in a phytopathogenic filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum provides insights into the essential role of the m6A writer MTA1 in conidial germination and hyphal branching. The observed effects of overexpressing MTA1 on fungal growth and gene expression patterns of m6A factors throughout the life cycle of F. graminearum further underscore the importance of m6A modification in conidial germination. Overall, this study significantly advances our understanding of m6A modification in fungi, paving the way for future research into its roles in filamentous growth and potential applications in disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonjae Kim
- Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Kim YO, Safdar M, Kang H, Kim J. Glycine-Rich RNA-Binding Protein AtGRP7 Functions in Nickel and Lead Tolerance in Arabidopsis. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:187. [PMID: 38256744 PMCID: PMC10818801 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Plant glycine-rich RNA-binding proteins (GRPs) play crucial roles in the response to environmental stresses. However, the functions of AtGRP7 in plants under heavy metal stress remain unclear. In the present study, in Arabidopsis, the transcript level of AtGRP7 was markedly increased by Ni but was decreased by Pb. AtGRP7-overexpressing plants improved Ni tolerance, whereas the knockout mutant (grp7) was more susceptible than the wild type to Ni. In addition, grp7 showed greatly enhanced Pb tolerance, whereas overexpression lines showed high Pb sensitivity. Ni accumulation was reduced in overexpression lines but increased in grp7, whereas Pb accumulation in grp7 was lower than that in overexpression lines. Ni induced glutathione synthase genes GS1 and GS2 in overexpression lines, whereas Pb increased metallothionein genes MT4a and MT4b and phytochelatin synthase genes PCS1 and PCS2 in grp7. Furthermore, Ni increased CuSOD1 and GR1 in grp7, whereas Pb significantly induced FeSOD1 and FeSOD2 in overexpression lines. The mRNA stability of GS2 and PCS1 was directly regulated by AtGRP7 under Ni and Pb, respectively. Collectively, these results indicate that AtGRP7 plays a crucial role in Ni and Pb tolerance by reducing Ni and Pb accumulation and the direct or indirect post-transcriptional regulation of genes related to heavy metal chelators and antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Ok Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Mahpara Safdar
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangho Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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Liu J, Cong C, Zhang J, Qiao J, Guo H, Wu H, Sang Z, Kang H, Fang J, Zhang W. Multimodel habitats constructed by perfusion and/or diffusion MRI predict isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation status and prognosis in high-grade gliomas. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e127-e136. [PMID: 37923627 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether tumour vascular and cellular heterogeneity of high-grade glioma (HGG) is predictive of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status and overall survival (OS) by using tumour habitat-based analysis constructed by perfusion and/or diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-eight HGG patients that met the 2021 World Health Organization WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System, 5th edition (WHO CNS5), were enrolled to predict IDH mutation status, of which 32 grade 4 patients with unmethylated O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter were enrolled for prognostic analysis. The deep-learning-based model nnU-Net and K-means clustering algorithm were applied to construct the Traditional Habitat, Vascular Habitat (VH), Cellular Density Habitat (DH), and their Combined Habitat (CH). Quantitative parameters were extracted and compared between IDH-mutant and IDH-wild-type patients, respectively, and the prediction potential was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. OS was analysed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the log-rank test. RESULTS Compared with IDH-mutants, median relative cerebral blood volume (rCBVmedian) values in the whole enhancing tumour (WET), VH1, VH3, CH1-4 habitats were significantly increased in IDH-wild-type HGGs (all p<0.05). Additionally, the accuracy of rCBVmedian values in CH1 outperformed other habitats in identifying IDH mutation status (p<0.001) at a cut-off value of 4.83 with AUC of 0.815. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis highlighted significant differences in OS between the populations dichotomised by the median of rCBVmedian in WET, VH1, CH1-3 habitats (all p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The habitat imaging technique may improve the accuracy of predicting IDH mutation status and prognosis, and even provide a new direction for subsequent personalised precision treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - C Cong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, Chengdu, 600083, China
| | - J Qiao
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - H Guo
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - H Wu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Z Sang
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - H Kang
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - J Fang
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, 400042, China; Department of Ultrasound, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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Amara U, Hu J, Park SJ, Kang H. ECT12, an YTH-domain protein, is a potential mRNA m 6A reader that affects abiotic stress responses by modulating mRNA stability in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol Biochem 2024; 206:108255. [PMID: 38071803 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant modification found in eukaryotic mRNAs, is interpreted by m6A "readers," thus playing a crucial role in regulating RNA metabolism. The YT521-B homology-domain (YTHD) proteins, also known as EVOLUTIONARILY CONSERVED C-TERMINAL REGION (ECT), are recognized as m6A reader proteins in plants and animals. Among the 13 potential YTHD family proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana, the functions of only a few members are known. In this study, we determined the function of ECT12 (YTH11) as a potential m6A reader that plays a crucial role in response to abiotic stresses. The loss-of-function ect12 mutants showed no noticeable developmental defects under normal conditions but displayed hypersensitivity to salt or dehydration stress. The salt- or dehydration-hypersensitive phenotypes were correlated with altered levels of several m6A-modified stress-responsive transcripts. Notably, the increased or decreased transcript levels were associated with each transcript's reduced or enhanced decay, respectively. Electrophoretic mobility shift and RNA-immunoprecipitation assays showed that ECT12 binds to m6A-modified RNAs both in vitro and in planta, suggesting its role as an m6A reader. Collectively, these results indicate that the potential m6A reader ECT12 regulates the stability of m6A-modified RNA transcripts, thereby facilitating the response of Arabidopsis to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Amara
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Su Jung Park
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.
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Hasnain L, Kang H, Vaince F, Ganesh K, Gomez K, Gahtan V, Small W, Refaat T. Incidence, Radiologic and Dosimetric Parameters Associated with Radiation Induced Breast Lymphedema. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e178. [PMID: 37784796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Radiation induced breast lymphedema (BL) is an underreported but common finding. This study aimed to report the incidence of clinical BL and investigate the radiologic and dosimetric parameters associated with higher risk of BL. MATERIALS/METHODS This IRB approved study included women with breast cancer who underwent breast conservative surgery followed by adjuvant radiation therapy between 2019 and 2021 at our institution. We reviewed the eligible patients' charts for incidence of clinical BL resulting in symptoms and requiring physical therapy referral. Thickness of the skin at defined center and bottom points of the breast was measured for patient' baseline and follow up mammograms. Dosimetric parameters were imported from patients' radiation plans including mean, maximum doses, and volumes receiving 20, 30, 40, & 50 Gy (V20, V30, V40, & V50), of the whole breast (WB), breast_eval (BE), and breast skin (BS) (defined as the superficial 5 mm of the skin). A chi-square test was used to test the association between clinical BL and radiation treatment regimens and beam energies and the association of skin thicknesses between those who had clinical BL and those who did not. A Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to test the association of the dosimetric parameters with clinical BL. RESULTS We identified 268 patients who were eligible for the study. After chart and radiologic review, 119 patients had complete records available and were included in this study. Twenty-nine patients (24.4%) of the patients presented with symptomatic BL. Most patients (68%) received hypofractionated (42.56 Gy with or without 10 Gy boost), while 25% received conventional and 7% received ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy. There was no association between the fractionation and incidence of BL (p = 0.4). There was no association between breast size and BL (mean 1065 cc vs 1232 cc, p = 0.35). There was significant association between BL and BS V30 (142cc vs 162 cc, p = 0.02), and BS V40 (82 cc vs 102 cc, p = 0.02), and a trend towards significant association with BS V20 (172cc vs. 193cc, p = 0.08), BS V50 (8 cc vs. 16 cc, p = 0.06). There was no significant association between BL and BS mean dose (36.9 Gy vs 39 Gy p = 0.11), or BS max dose (53.9 Gy vs 54.1 Gy, p = 0.21). None of the dosimetric parameters of WB and BE had significant association with clinical BL. Utilizing ROC analysis, there was significant association between clinical BL and the change of baseline mammogram breast skin thickness and skin thickness at 6 months follow up mammograms (+13 mm center point p = 0.04, +9 mm bottom point p<0.5), and at 12 months mammograms (+15 mm center point p<0.5, +11 mm bottom point p<0.5). CONCLUSION Almost 1 in 4 women experienced radiation induced BL in our cohort. BS V30 & V40 are significantly associated with higher risk of BL. There was significant association between increased skin thickening in 6- and 12-months follow up mammograms and BL. Further analysis will follow to assess the association between surgical and clinical characteristics and BL.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hasnain
- Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - H Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stritch School of Medicine, Cardinal Bernadin Cancer Center, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - F Vaince
- Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - K Ganesh
- Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - K Gomez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stritch School of Medicine, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - V Gahtan
- Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - W Small
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stritch School of Medicine, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - T Refaat
- Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Maywood, IL
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10
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Lee KN, Chen YH, Kang H, Doyle P, Pomerantz M, Ravi P, Choudhury AD, Kozono DE, Balboni TA, Spektor A, Huynh MA. Clinical Outcomes with Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer: Results from a Prospective Registry Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e126-e127. [PMID: 37784680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Metastasis-directed radiation therapy using stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in oligometastatic prostate cancer (Oligo PCa) has a demonstrated benefit for local control and biochemical recurrence free survival for men with oligorecurrent PCa; however, the impact of SBRT within other oligometastatic states and in the context of systemic therapy remains poorly characterized. In this study, we investigate prognostic factors for clinical outcomes in a prospective cohort of Oligo PCa patients treated with metastasis-directed SBRT. MATERIALS/METHODS Using a single-institution registry trial, we analyzed a prospective cohort of 86 patients with Oligo PCa (≤5 metastatic lesions) and treated with metastasis-directed SBRT between 2017- 2022. Patients were classified as synchronous, metachronous, or induced oligometastatic disease as per the ESTRO guidelines. We evaluated the time to radiographic progression (TTRP), defined as the time from SBRT start date to radiographic progression, as well as time to initiation of new treatment (TTNT), defined as the time from SBRT end date to initiation of new therapy (systemic or radiation therapy). Time to event (TTE) was defined as the time from SBRT start date to radiographic progression or initiation of new therapy, whichever occurred first. Patients without documented events were censored at the date of last disease assessment. Comparative analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression methods. RESULTS Eighty-six men with Oligo PCa treated with SBRT were followed for a median of 16.4 months with M0 (73%), Oligo PCa (21%) or polymetastatic PCa (6%) GS > = 8 (63%) at initial diagnosis. At the time of treatment with initial SBRT, 21% had synchronous oligometastatic disease, 63% had metachronous or repeat oligorecurrence or oligoprogression, and 16% had induced oligometastatic disease. Most patients were treated to 1-3 sites (94%), which predominantly included bone (86%), and the median dose was 35 Gy/5F. Concurrent systemic therapy during SBRT was seen in 85% of patients, including (60.5% with new generation androgen receptor signaling inhibitors). Overall survival at 1-year and 2-years was 96.9% [95% CI, 88.2-99.2%] and 94.4% [95% CI, 83.2-98.2%]. Using univariable analysis, those who did not receive systemic treatment during SBRT had significantly shorter TTRP (HR 3.67, [95% CI, 1.62-8.32], p = 0.002), TTNT (HR 3.24, 95% CI [1.49-7.06], p = 0.003), and TTE (HR 3.05, [95% CI, 1.44-6.45], p = 0.004). Additionally, patients treated with SBRT for metachronous (HR 2.89, [95% CI 0.68-12.30]) and induced metastatic disease (HR 8.96, [95% CI 1.85-43.37]) had significantly shorter TTE compared to synchronous oligometastatic disease (p = 0.006). CONCLUSION Using a prospective registry cohort of men with Oligo PCa treated with SBRT, we identify an association of oligometastatic state and the use of concurrent systemic therapy with improved TTRP and TTNT. Further prospective studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Lee
- Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, MA
| | - Y H Chen
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - H Kang
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - P Doyle
- Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - P Ravi
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - A D Choudhury
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - D E Kozono
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - T A Balboni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - A Spektor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - M A Huynh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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11
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Kim E, Kang H, Noh TS, Oh SH, Suh MW. Auditory cortex hyperconnectivity before rTMS is correlated with tinnitus improvement. Neurologia 2023; 38:475-485. [PMID: 37659838 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been used as a potential treatment for tinnitus; however, its effectiveness is variable and unpredictable. We hypothesized that resting-state functional connectivity before rTMS may be correlated with rTMS treatment effectiveness. METHODS We applied 1-Hz rTMS to the left primary auditory (A1) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (DLPFC) of 10 individuals with tinnitus and 10 age-matched controls. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies were performed approximately one week before rTMS. Seed-based connectivity analyses were conducted for each individual, with seed regions as rTMS target areas. RESULTS Compared to controls, the left superior temporal areas showed significantly increased positive connectivity with the left A1 and negative connectivity with the left DLPFC in the tinnitus group. The left frontoparietal and right cerebellar areas showed significantly increased negative connectivity with the left A1 and positive connectivity with the left DLPFC. Seed-based hyperconnectivity was correlated with tinnitus improvement (pre-rTMS vs. 2-week post-rTMS Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores). Tinnitus improvement was significantly correlated with left A1 hyperconnectivity; however, no correlation was observed with left DLPFC connectivity. Positive rTMS outcomes were associated with significantly increased positive connectivity in bilateral superior temporal areas and significantly increased negative connectivity in bilateral frontal areas. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that oversynchronisation of left A1 connectivity before rTMS of the left A1 and DLPFC is associated with treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - T-S Noh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M-W Suh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Kang H, Xu T. N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation modulates liquid‒liquid phase separation in plants. Plant Cell 2023; 35:3205-3213. [PMID: 37032432 PMCID: PMC10473200 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Membraneless biomolecular condensates form distinct subcellular compartments that enable a cell to orchestrate numerous biochemical reactions in a spatiotemporal-specific and dynamic manner. Liquid‒liquid phase separation (LLPS) facilitates the formation of membraneless biomolecular condensates, which are crucial for many cellular processes in plants, including embryogenesis, the floral transition, photosynthesis, pathogen defense, and stress responses. The main component required for LLPS is a protein harboring key characteristic features, such as intrinsically disordered regions, low-complexity sequence domains, and prion-like domains. RNA is an additional component involved in LLPS. Increasing evidence indicates that modifications in proteins and RNAs play pivotal roles in LLPS. In particular, recent studies have indicated that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of messenger RNA is crucial for LLPS in plants and animals. In this review, we provide an overview of recent developments in the role of mRNA methylation in LLPS in plant cells. Moreover, we highlight the major challenges in understanding the pivotal roles of RNA modifications and elucidating how m6A marks are interpreted by RNA-binding proteins crucial for LLPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunseung Kang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, Jiangsu Joint International Center of Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Tao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, Jiangsu Joint International Center of Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
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13
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Cai LY, Tanase C, Anderson AW, Patel NJ, Lee CA, Jones RS, LeStourgeon LM, Mahon A, Taki I, Juvera J, Pruthi S, Gwal K, Ozturk A, Kang H, Rewers A, Rewers MJ, Alonso GT, Glaser N, Ghetti S, Jaser SS, Landman BA, Jordan LC. Exploratory Multisite MR Spectroscopic Imaging Shows White Matter Neuroaxonal Loss Associated with Complications of Type 1 Diabetes in Children. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:820-827. [PMID: 37263786 PMCID: PMC10337627 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Type 1 diabetes affects over 200,000 children in the United States and is associated with an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction. Prior single-site, single-voxel MRS case reports and studies have identified associations between reduced NAA/Cr, a marker of neuroaxonal loss, and type 1 diabetes. However, NAA/Cr differences among children with various disease complications or across different brain tissues remain unclear. To better understand this phenomenon and the role of MRS in characterizing it, we conducted a multisite pilot study. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 25 children, 6-14 years of age, with type 1 diabetes across 3 sites, we acquired T1WI and axial 2D MRSI along with phantom studies to calibrate scanner effects. We quantified tissue-weighted NAA/Cr in WM and deep GM and modeled them against study covariates. RESULTS We found that MRSI differentiated WM and deep GM by NAA/Cr on the individual level. On the population level, we found significant negative associations of WM NAA/Cr with chronic hyperglycemia quantified by hemoglobin A1c (P < .005) and a history of diabetic ketoacidosis at disease onset (P < .05). We found a statistical interaction (P < .05) between A1c and ketoacidosis, suggesting that neuroaxonal loss from ketoacidosis may outweigh that from poor glucose control. These associations were not present in deep GM. CONCLUSIONS Our pilot study suggests that MRSI differentiates GM and WM by NAA/Cr in this population, disease complications may lead to neuroaxonal loss in WM in children, and deeper investigation is warranted to further untangle how diabetic ketoacidosis and chronic hyperglycemia affect brain health and cognition in type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Cai
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering (L.Y.C., A.W.A., B.A.L.)
| | - C Tanase
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (C.T.)
| | - A W Anderson
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering (L.Y.C., A.W.A., B.A.L.)
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (A.W.A., B.A.L.)
- Departments of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (A.W.A., S.P., B.A.L.)
| | - N J Patel
- Pediatrics (N.J.P., R.S.J., S.S.J., L.C.J.)
| | | | - R S Jones
- Pediatrics (N.J.P., R.S.J., S.S.J., L.C.J.)
| | | | - A Mahon
- Psychology (A.M., S.G.), University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - I Taki
- Department of Pediatrics (I.T., A.R., M.J.R.)
| | - J Juvera
- Department of Psychiatry (J.J.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - S Pruthi
- Departments of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (A.W.A., S.P., B.A.L.)
| | - K Gwal
- Departments of Radiology (K.G., A.O.)
| | - A Ozturk
- Departments of Radiology (K.G., A.O.)
| | - H Kang
- Biostatistics (H.K.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - A Rewers
- Department of Pediatrics (I.T., A.R., M.J.R.)
| | - M J Rewers
- Department of Pediatrics (I.T., A.R., M.J.R.)
| | | | - N Glaser
- Pediatrics (N.G.), University of California Davis Health, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
| | - S Ghetti
- Psychology (A.M., S.G.), University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - S S Jaser
- Pediatrics (N.J.P., R.S.J., S.S.J., L.C.J.)
| | - B A Landman
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering (L.Y.C., A.W.A., B.A.L.)
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (A.W.A., B.A.L.)
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (B.A.L.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Departments of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (A.W.A., S.P., B.A.L.)
| | - L C Jordan
- Pediatrics (N.J.P., R.S.J., S.S.J., L.C.J.)
- Neurology (C.A.L., L.C.J.)
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14
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Manavella PA, Godoy Herz MA, Kornblihtt AR, Sorenson R, Sieburth LE, Nakaminami K, Seki M, Ding Y, Sun Q, Kang H, Ariel FD, Crespi M, Giudicatti AJ, Cai Q, Jin H, Feng X, Qi Y, Pikaard CS. Beyond transcription: compelling open questions in plant RNA biology. Plant Cell 2023; 35:1626-1653. [PMID: 36477566 PMCID: PMC10226580 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The study of RNAs has become one of the most influential research fields in contemporary biology and biomedicine. In the last few years, new sequencing technologies have produced an explosion of new and exciting discoveries in the field but have also given rise to many open questions. Defining these questions, together with old, long-standing gaps in our knowledge, is the spirit of this article. The breadth of topics within RNA biology research is vast, and every aspect of the biology of these molecules contains countless exciting open questions. Here, we asked 12 groups to discuss their most compelling question among some plant RNA biology topics. The following vignettes cover RNA alternative splicing; RNA dynamics; RNA translation; RNA structures; R-loops; epitranscriptomics; long non-coding RNAs; small RNA production and their functions in crops; small RNAs during gametogenesis and in cross-kingdom RNA interference; and RNA-directed DNA methylation. In each section, we will present the current state-of-the-art in plant RNA biology research before asking the questions that will surely motivate future discoveries in the field. We hope this article will spark a debate about the future perspective on RNA biology and provoke novel reflections in the reader.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A Manavella
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
| | - Micaela A Godoy Herz
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular and CONICET-UBA, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina
| | - Alberto R Kornblihtt
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular and CONICET-UBA, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina
| | - Reed Sorenson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of UtahSalt Lake City 84112, USA
| | - Leslie E Sieburth
- School of Biological Sciences, University of UtahSalt Lake City 84112, USA
| | - Kentaro Nakaminami
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Motoaki Seki
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa 244-0813, Japan
| | - Yiliang Ding
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Qianwen Sun
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Federico D Ariel
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
| | - Martin Crespi
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 630, Orsay 91405, France
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Université de Paris, Bâtiment 630, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Axel J Giudicatti
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
| | - Qiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hailing Jin
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, USA
| | - Xiaoqi Feng
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Yijun Qi
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Craig S Pikaard
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
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15
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Amara U, Hu J, Cai J, Kang H. FLK is an mRNA m 6A reader that regulates floral transition by modulating the stability and splicing of FLC in Arabidopsis. Mol Plant 2023; 16:919-929. [PMID: 37050878 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), which is added, removed, and interpreted by m6A writers, erasers, and readers, respectively, is the most abundant modification in eukaryotic mRNAs. The m6A marks play a pivotal role in the regulation of floral transition in plants. FLOWERING LOCUS K (FLK), an RNA-binding protein harboring K-homology (KH) motifs, is known to regulate floral transition by repressing the levels of a key floral repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) in Arabidopsis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying FLK-mediated FLC regulation remains unclear. In this study, we identified FLK as a novel mRNA m6A reader protein that directly binds the m6A site in the 3'-untranslated region of FLC transcripts to repressing FLC levels by reducing its stability and splicing. Importantly, FLK binding of FLC transcripts was abolished in vir-1, an m6A writer mutant, and the late-flowering phenotype of the flk mutant could not be rescued by genetic complementation using the mutant FLKm gene, in which the m6A reader encoding function was eliminated, indicating that FLK binds and regulates FLC expression in an m6A-dependent manner. Collectively, our study has addressed a long-standing question of how FLK regulates FLC transcript levels and established a molecular link between the FLK-mediated recognition of m6A modifications on FLC transcripts and floral transition in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Amara
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea.
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16
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Lee K, Kang H. Engineering of pentatricopeptide repeat proteins in organellar gene regulation. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1144298. [PMID: 36938060 PMCID: PMC10014608 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1144298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kwanuk Lee
- Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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17
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Kang H, Lee EB, Lee S, Go TH, Lee JY, Lee SH, Song SA, Lim HK, Hong SP. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors increase the risk of bullous pemphigoid in older patients with diabetes: A retrospective analysis using the Korean National Health Insurance Database. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023. [PMID: 36799763 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - E B Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - T-H Go
- Center of Biomedical Data Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - S-H Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - S A Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - H K Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - S-P Hong
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.,Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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18
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Cai J, Hu J, Amara U, Park SJ, Li Y, Jeong D, Lee I, Xu T, Kang H. Arabidopsis N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase FIONA1 regulates floral transition by affecting the splicing of FLC and the stability of floral activators SPL3 and SEP3. J Exp Bot 2023; 74:864-877. [PMID: 36416766 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation has been shown to play a crucial role in plant development and floral transition. Two recent studies have identified FIONA1 as an m6A methyltransferase that regulates the floral transition in Arabidopsis through influencing the stability of CONSTANS (CO), SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1), and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). In this study, we confirmed that FIONA1 is an m6A methyltransferase that installs m6A marks in a small group of mRNAs. Furthermore, we show that, in addition to its role in influencing the stability of CO, SOC1, and FLC, FIONA1-mediated m6A methylation influences the splicing of FLC, a key floral repressor, and the stability of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 3 (SPL3) and SEPALLATA3 (SEP3), floral activators, which together play a vital role in floral transition in Arabidopsis. Our study confirms the function of FIONA1 as an m6A methyltransferase and suggests a close molecular link between FIONA1-mediated m6A methylation and the splicing of FLC and the destabilization of SPL3 and SEP3 in flowering time control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cai
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Umme Amara
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Su Jung Park
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Yuxia Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Daesong Jeong
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ilha Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Tao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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19
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Chung C, Shin JE, Jeon D, Kang H, Yim JJ, Jo KW, Shim TS. Treatment outcomes and safety of bedaquiline, delamanid, and linezolid in multidrug-resistant TB. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2023; 27:151-153. [PMID: 36853109 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.22.0466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Chung
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J E Shin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kang
- Department of Chest Medicine, Masan National Tuberculosis Hospital, Masan, Republic of Korea
| | - J-J Yim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-W Jo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T S Shim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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20
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Koo K, Wong V, Halawani A, Lee S, Baek S, Kang H, Chew B. Machine learning-based decision support system to distinguish uric acid stones in patients with kidney stones of grey zone Hounsfield units: International multicenter development and external validation study. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00401-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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21
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Kwon YS, Shin JE, Kang H, Jeon D, Yim JJ, Shim TS. Treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant TB with selective use of new drugs. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2023; 27:55-60. [PMID: 36853130 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.22.0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING: This was a nationwide cohort study.OBJECTIVE: To assess the treatment outcomes in patients with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) who underwent treatment guided by a national TB expert review committee in South Korea.DESIGN: We enrolled all patients with MDR-TB submitted for approval for the use of new TB drugs, including bedaquiline and delamanid, from 2016 to 2019. Patients were classified into two groups: those on new TB drugs and those not on new TB drugs. We compared the final treatment outcomes between the groups and analysed the prognostic factors.RESULTS: Of a total of 785 patients, respectively 754 (96.1%) and 31 (3.9%) were classified into the "new TB drugs" group and "no new TB drugs" group. The new TB drugs group had a higher acid-fast bacilli smear positivity rate and higher resistance rate to second-line injectable drugs or fluoroquinolones. Of all the patients, 97.8% achieved culture conversion (97.7% vs. 100%), and 80.4% achieved treatment success (80.2% vs. 86.7%); there was no difference between the two groups.CONCLUSIONS: New drugs are currently recommended for use in all MDR-TB treatment regimens, and the use of new drugs, as determined by an expert committee, in mainly quinolone-susceptible MDR-TB, did not compromise the treatment success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-S Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - J E Shin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H Kang
- Department of Chest Medicine, Masan National Tuberculosis Hospital, Masan, South Korea
| | - D Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - J-J Yim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - T S Shim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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22
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Amara U, Shoaib Y, Kang H. ALKBH9C, a potential RNA m 6 A demethylase, regulates the response of Arabidopsis to abiotic stresses and abscisic acid. Plant Cell Environ 2022; 45:3566-3581. [PMID: 36148771 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although several studies have shown that AlkB homolog (ALKBH) proteins are potential RNA demethylases (referred to as 'erasers'), biological functions of only a few ALKBH proteins have been characterized to date. In this study, we determined the function of ALKBH9C (At4g36090) in seed germination and seedling growth of Arabidopsis thaliana in response to abiotic stress and abscisic acid (ABA). Seed germination of the alkbh9c mutant was delayed in response to salt, drought, cold and ABA. Moreover, seedling growth of the mutant was repressed under salt stress or ABA but enhanced under drought conditions. Notably, the stress-responsive phenotypes were associated with the altered expression of several m6 A-modified transcripts related to salt, drought or ABA response. Global m6 A levels were increased in the alkbh9c mutant, and ALKBH9C bound to m6 A-modified RNAs and had in vitro m6 A demethylase activity, suggesting its potential role as an m6 A eraser. The m6 A levels in several stress-responsive genes were increased in the alkbh9c mutant, and the stability of m6 A-modified transcripts was altered in the mutant. Collectively, our results suggest that m6 A eraser ALKBH9C is crucial for seed germination and seedling growth of Arabidopsis in response to abiotic stresses or ABA via affecting the stability of stress-responsive transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Amara
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yasira Shoaib
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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23
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Kim T, Park T, Kweon Y, Baek D, Lee J, Kang H. 530 Age-dependent sequential increase of senescent cells in the skin. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Hu J, Cai J, Xu T, Kang H. Epitranscriptomic mRNA modifications governing plant stress responses: underlying mechanism and potential application. Plant Biotechnol J 2022; 20:2245-2257. [PMID: 36002976 PMCID: PMC9674322 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Plants inevitably encounter environmental adversities, including abiotic and biotic stresses, which significantly impede plant growth and reduce crop yield. Thus, fine-tuning the fate and function of stress-responsive RNAs is indispensable for plant survival under such adverse conditions. Recently, post-transcriptional RNA modifications have been studied as a potent route to regulate plant gene expression under stress. Among over 160 mRNA modifications identified to date, N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) in mRNAs is notable because of its multifaceted roles in plant development and stress response. Recent transcriptome-wide mapping has revealed the distribution and patterns of m6 A in diverse stress-responsive mRNAs in plants, building a foundation for elucidating the molecular link between m6 A and stress response. Moreover, the identification and characterization of m6 A writers, readers and erasers in Arabidopsis and other model crops have offered insights into the biological roles of m6 A in plant abiotic stress responses. Here, we review the recent progress of research on mRNA modifications, particularly m6 A, and their dynamics, distribution, regulation and biological functions in plant stress responses. Further, we posit potential strategies for breeding stress-tolerant crops by engineering mRNA modifications and propose the future direction of research on RNA modifications to gain a much deeper understanding of plant stress biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life SciencesJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life SciencesChonnam National UniversityGwangjuKorea
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life SciencesChonnam National UniversityGwangjuKorea
| | - Tao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life SciencesJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life SciencesJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life SciencesChonnam National UniversityGwangjuKorea
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25
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Kang H, Venkatesulu B, Podgorsak A, Abuhamad M, Harkenrider M, Solanki A, Roeske J. Accuracy of Prostate Segmentation on Synthetic MR Images Generated from CT Scans Using a Novel Generative Adversarial Network for High-Dose-Rate Prostate Brachytherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.2189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Ritter T, Chao H, Chang M, Katsoulakis E, Padilla L, Xiao Y, Kang H, Al-Hallaq H, Moghanaki D, Palta J, Nickols N, Salama J, Solanki A. Enhancing Radiation Therapy Plan Quality in a Multi-Site Randomized Clinical Trial with a Benchmark Credentialing Exercise: The VA STARPORT Experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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27
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Kaur M, Luce J, Mostafavi H, Lehmann M, Morf D, Zhu L, Kang H, Walczak M, Harkenrider M, Roeske J. Evaluation of Markerless Tumor Tracking Using Synthetic Dual Energy Images Produced Using a Convolutional Neural Network. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.2201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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28
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Yang D, Papke D, Kang H, Aizer A, Lamba N, Kozono D, Wee J, Enzinger P, Mamon H. Clinical and Genomic Characterization of Esophageal Cancer Brain Metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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29
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Tian Y, Li MW, Liu QK, Kang H. [Clinical features and prognosis of cutaneous melanoma]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2022; 44:1146-1154. [PMID: 36319462 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200818-00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical features and prognosis of patients with cutaneous melanoma. Methods: The clinical data and follow-up data of 125 patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) treated in the Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology between February 2008 and August 2019 were collected. Kaplan-Meier method and Log rank test were used for survival analysis, and Cox proportional risk regression model was used for impact factor analysis. Results: Among the 125 patients, 12 were stage Ⅰ, 62 were stage Ⅱ, 30 were stage Ⅲ, and 21 were stage Ⅳ; 76 were acral and 49 were non-acral. The median survival time was 44 months, and the 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates were 85.4%, 63.2% and 38.7%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier univariate survival analysis showed that Karnofsky performance status score, tumor stage, primary site, vascular infiltration, Ki-67, BRAF, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and surgical treatment were related to the prognosis of patients (P<0.05). The median overall survival (OS) time of patients receiving interferon treatment was 53 months, which was better than 40 months of patients not receiving interferon treatment, but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.448). Among stage Ⅲ patients, the median OS time of patients receiving interferon therapy was 40 months, which was better than 17 months of patients not receiving interferon therapy (P=0.012). Among stage Ⅱ patients, the 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates of acral patients were 97.1%, 84.7%, and 65.8%, and the 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates of non-acral patients were 93.3%, 70.0% and 17.0%. The prognosis of patients with stage Ⅱ acral type was better than that of non-acral type (P=0.043). The median survival time of stage Ⅲ patients with acral type was 32 months, better than 17 months of non-acral type, but the difference was not statistical significance (P=0.164). The median survival time of acral type and non-acral type was 8 months and 11 months respectively (P=0.458). Cox multivariate analysis showed that tumor stage and preoperative LDH level were independent prognostic risk factors for cutaneous melanoma. Conclusions: Interferon treatment can improve the prognosis of patients with stage Ⅲ, and stage Ⅱ acral type patients have better prognosis than that of non-acral type patients. Tumor stage and preoperative LDH level were independent prognostic risk factors for cutaneous melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - M W Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Q K Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - H Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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30
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Maurer L, Kang H, Smyers M, Klei L, Cheng J, Trotta M, Hu D, Ekambaram P, Murai M, Nikolovska-Coleska Z, Chen B, Lucas P, McAllister-Lucas L. BLOCKING THE BCL10-MALT1 INTERACTION IN DIFFUSE LARGE B-CELL LYMPHOMA. Leuk Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(22)00224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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31
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Kang H, Jiang S, Song Q, Zhang Y. [Activation of cannabinoid receptor 2 alleviates acute lung injury in rats with lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2022; 42:1374-1380. [PMID: 36210711 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.09.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) activation against acute lung injury in rats with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS Forty-eight SD rats were randomly assigned into control group, model group, CB2 agonist group and P38 MAPK inhibitor group (n=12). In the latter 3 groups, the rats received intraperitoneal injection of LPS to induce sepsis, and the control rats were given saline injection. In CB2 agonist group, JWH133 (3 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally 30 min before LPS injection; in P38 MAPK inhibitor group, the rats received intraperitoneal injection of SB203580 (5 mg/kg) 30 min prior to JWH133 injection. The changes in lung histopathology, water content, fluid clearance rate, inflammatory factors, pulmonary expressions of CB2 and tight junctionrelated genes, and phosphorylation of P38 MAPK in the lung tissues were examined. RESULTS The rat models of sepsis showed severe damage of alveolar structures with significantly decreased fluid clearance rate, lowered pulmonary expressions of CB2, occludin and ZO-1 mRNA and proteins, increased water content in the lung tissue, and increased phosphorylation level of P38 MAPK and TNF-α and IL-1β levels in lung lavage fluid (all P < 0.05). Treatment with JWH133 improved alveolar pathology in the septic rats, but there was still inflammatory infiltration; lung tissue water content, phosphorylation of P38 MAPK, and TNF-α and IL-1β levels in lung lavage fluid were all significantly decreased, and the fluid clearance rate, pulmonary expressions of CB2, occludin and ZO-1 were significantly increased (all P < 0.05). Additional treatment with SB203580 resulted in further improvements of alveolar pathologies, lowered phosphorylation levels of P38 MAPK in the lung tissue and TNF-α and IL-1β levels in lung lavage fluid, and increased the protein expressions of occludin and ZO-1 (P < 0.05) without causing significant changes in mRNA and protein expression of CB2 (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION In rats with LPS-induced sepsis, activation of CB2 can inhibit the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, reduce the release of inflammatory factors in the lung tissues, promote tight junction protein expressions, and thus offer protection against acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - S Jiang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Q Song
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Health Management Center, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 325000, China
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Kim S, Chowdhury T, Yu H, Choi S, Kim K, Kang H, Lee J, Lee S, Won J, Kim K, Kim K, Kim M, Lee J, Kim J, Kim Y, Kim T, Choi S, Phi J, Shin Y, Ku J, Lee S, Yun H, Lee H, Kim D, Kim K, Hur JK, Park S, Kim S, Park C. P02.01.B The telomere maintenance mechanism spectrum and its dynamics in gliomas. Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The activation of the telomere maintenance mechanism (TMM) is one of the critical drivers of cancer cell immortality. In gliomas, TERT expression and TERT promoter mutation are considered to reliably indicate telomerase activation, while ATRX mutation indicates alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). However, these relationships have not been extensively validated in tumor tissues. Here, we show through the direct measurement of telomerase activity and ALT in a large set of glioma samples that the TMM in glioma cannot be defined in the dichotomy of telomerase activity and ALT, regardless of TERT expression, TERT promoter mutation and ATRX mutation. Moreover, we observed that a considerable proportion of gliomas lack both telomerase activity and ALT (Neither group). And this Neither group exhibited evidence of slow growth potential. From a set of longitudinal samples from a separate cohort of glioma patients, we discovered that the TMM is not fixed but changes with glioma progression. Collectively, these results suggest that the TMM is a dynamic entity and that reflects the plasticity of the oncogenic biological status of tumor cells and that the TMM should be defined by the direct measurement of telomerase enzyme activity and evidence of ALT.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - T Chowdhury
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - H Yu
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Choi
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - K Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - H Kang
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Won
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - K Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - K Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - M Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - Y Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - T Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Choi
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Phi
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - Y Shin
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Ku
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - H Yun
- Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - H Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - D Kim
- Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - K Kim
- Korea University , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J K Hur
- Hanyang University , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Park
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - C Park
- Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
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Xu YD, Lin M, Xu ZY, Kang H, Li ZT, Luo ZZ, Lin SY. Holter electrocardiogram research trends and hotspots: bibliometrics and visual analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:6027-6039. [PMID: 36111902 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202209_29617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With the help of metrology, we can identify research hotspots and development trends in dynamic electrocardiography, and thereby provide corresponding reference material to aid further theoretical research. MATERIALS AND METHODS All research data derived from the core collection of Web of Science, and all searches were completed on the same day (February 6, 2022). The obtained data were stored in plain text format and imported into CiteSpace for subsequent analysis. Citation analysis and visualization technology were used to draw a visual map of the research elements, using factors such as annual literature volume, country, journal, author, abstract, keywords, and citation. RESULTS After screening, 2,937 papers were obtained. Research on ambulatory electrocardiography is increasing worldwide every year. Using research hotspots, keyword-clustering time-zone maps, and high-frequency emerging words, the research in this field was roughly divided into two stages, with 2017 as the divider. The first stage primarily focuses on areas such as atrial fibrillation, stroke, autonomic nerve function, catheter ablation, and T-wave alternation. The second stage saw the focus shift to wearable devices, sudden cardiac death, obstructive sleep apnea, feature extraction, cryptogenic stroke, and similar topics. CONCLUSIONS With the development of various wearable technologies, the daily monitoring of healthy people engaged in sporting activities and the development of innovative analysis algorithms providing more accurate data may represent the hotspots and direction of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-D Xu
- Department of Electrocardiogram, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.
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Acharya M, Lee D, Maharjan A, Yang S, Seo S, Kang H, Sin J, Lee G, Yu Y, Park J, Lee G, Kim C, Kim H, Heo Y. P10-04 Development of alternative test method for immunotoxicity prediction on chemical substances through profiling of cytokines production from THP-1 cell line. Toxicol Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kang H, Sole-Guitart A, Mellor VA, Gaughan JB, Zsoldos RR. The use of percutaneous thermal sensing microchips for non-invasive measurement of body temperature in foals during summer seasons in a subtropical region. Animal 2022; 16:100620. [PMID: 35994970 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous accurate attainment of the body temperature of foals is important to detect early stages of severe heat stress or fever due to a systemic illness. Among a number of methods to measure body temperature, measuring rectal temperature with a digital thermometer is most frequently used due to being relatively fast and simple method. It is also comparatively accurate and correlates well with the core body temperature. However, this method requires restraining the foal for a few seconds to obtain the temperature, and it can be dangerous for the handling person. Percutaneous thermal sensing microchips (PTSMs) are a means of monitoring the body temperature of horses, which offers a non-invasive, hygienic, quick, and accurate way to measure body temperature and provide an identification number for each individual, once it is implanted. This study tested the hypothesis that PTSM has a strong relationship with a conventional body temperature measurement, i.e., measuring rectal temperature with a digital thermometer of foals during summer seasons. Thirty-two foals in three consecutive foaling seasons (2018, 2019, and 2020 season) were implanted a PTSM into the right pectoral muscle, the right splenius muscle, the right gluteal muscle, and the nuchal ligament as early as two weeks after birth. The four PTSM temperatures, rectal temperature, and climate conditions (air temperature, relative humidity, and wet-bulb globe temperature) were obtained simultaneously during the three summer seasons and paired for comparison analysis. Among the PTSM temperatures, the pectoral muscle had the highest correlation and the least differences with rectal temperature. Using PTSM was safe, easy, and reliable for attaining body temperature in foals.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kang
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia.
| | - A Sole-Guitart
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
| | - V A Mellor
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
| | - J B Gaughan
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
| | - R R Zsoldos
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
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Kang H, Wan A, Desai B, Beveridge M, Rohr B, Barlev D, Wong C, Scott J. LB956 Dermatology on reddit: Analysis of content and quality on major dermatologic conditions. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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37
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Kang H, Tillmann T, Morrison J. Gender bias in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background/introduction
Women receive less aggressive treatment for cardiovascular disease (CVD), partly due to a delayed or incorrect diagnosis. However, there is little research into whether this gender bias extends to primary prevention of CVD (i.e. prevention of CVD in those individuals with no prior CVD events), and the reasons behind this bias.
Purpose
This study analysed gender differences in the primary prevention of CVD in the USA, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the years 2015-2018. It also explored the drivers behind these differences. The hypothesis was that the known gender bias in CVD treatment also extends to primary prevention.
Methods
The risk of developing CVD over the next ten years was calculated using the Pooled Cohort Equations (PCEs) for 9,623 healthy men and women aged 40 to 79 years. 3,035 participants were found to be at higher CVD risk (ASCVD score above 7.5%) and potentially eligible for statins. Individuals with prior diagnosis of CVD were excluded from this study. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AOR) in the usage of preventive treatment between genders.
Results
The results showed that men were 21% more likely to be prescribed statins than women whilst women were 20-37% more likely to be told to make behaviour modifications than men (Table 1). An interdisciplinary literature review showed that lower CVD risk perception in women is a likely driver of this gender difference.
Conclusion
The well-known gender bias in the treatment of CVD also appears to take place in the primary prevention of CVD with statin therapy. These findings have highlighted the gender bias in primary prevention of CVD, supporting the scarce existing literature on this topic and providing more recent evidence in line with the updated CVD prevention guidance. This has implications in developing interventions based in the health system and community context to improve the treatment and survival outcomes for women with CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kang
- University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - T Tillmann
- University College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - J Morrison
- University College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
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Li DJ, Kang H, Zhang L, Xu ZG, Wang XY, Wang LF, Song XX, Kong LF. [Clinicopathological features of mature T/NK cell lymphoma with aberrant CD20 or CD79α expression]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 51:413-418. [PMID: 35511636 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20211219-00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of mature T/NK cell lymphomas with aberrant CD20 or CD79α expression. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 641 cases of mature T/NK cell lymphoma diagnosed from January 2014 to December 2020 was performed, and 14 cases of CD20-positive and one case of CD79α-positive mature T/NK-cell lymphoma were identified. Histological examination, immunohistochemical characterization, in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus encoded early RNA (EBER), and PCR testing for immunoglobulin and T cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangements were performed. Clinicopathological characteristics of these lymphomas were analyzed. Results: There were 13 males and 2 females, with a median age of 56 years. There were 8 cases of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS), 3 cases of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTCL), 2 cases of monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma (MEITL) and 2 cases of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). Twelve cases were stage Ⅲ or Ⅳ lymphomas. The prognosis was overall poor. The histology, immunophenotype and TCR gene rearrangement were not significantly different from the corresponding types of lymphoma. Ki-67 proliferation index was over 70% in all cases. The expression of CD20 or CD79α was weak and heterogeneous. All 15 case of Ig gene rearrangement were polyclonal. Conclusions: Mature T/NK cell lymphoma with abnormal expression of CD20 or CD79α is rare, commonly found in advanced stage, and associated with poor prognosis. The expression of CD20 or CD79α in these cases is weaker than the corresponding mature T/NK cell lymphomas, while its proliferation index is higher. Histomorphology, extensive immunoprofiling and molecular detection are required for accurate diagnosis.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD20
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/complications
- Female
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics
- Humans
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/genetics
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
- Retrospective Studies
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Li
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital/People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - H Kang
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital/People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital/People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Z G Xu
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital/People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - X Y Wang
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital/People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - L F Wang
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital/People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - X X Song
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital/People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - L F Kong
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital/People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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Lee H, Kang H, Chie E. PO-1307 High-dose stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03271-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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40
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Song J, Chie E, Kim Y, Ryu J, Lee S, Paik W, Cho I, Kim H, Jang J, Kang H. PO-1309 Safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) in pancreatic cancer. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03273-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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41
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Shoaib Y, Usman B, Kang H, Jung KH. Epitranscriptomics: An Additional Regulatory Layer in Plants' Development and Stress Response. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:1033. [PMID: 35448761 PMCID: PMC9027318 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Epitranscriptomics has added a new layer of regulatory machinery to eukaryotes, and the advancement of sequencing technology has revealed more than 170 post-transcriptional modifications in various types of RNAs, including messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). Among these, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and N5-methylcytidine (m5C) are the most prevalent internal mRNA modifications. These regulate various aspects of RNA metabolism, mainly mRNA degradation and translation. Recent advances have shown that regulation of RNA fate mediated by these epitranscriptomic marks has pervasive effects on a plant's development and responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Recently, it was demonstrated that the removal of human-FTO-mediated m6A from transcripts in transgenic rice and potatoes caused a dramatic increase in their yield, and that the m6A reader protein mediates stress responses in wheat and apple, indicating that regulation of m6A levels could be an efficient strategy for crop improvement. However, changing the overall m6A levels might have unpredictable effects; therefore, the identification of precise m6A levels at a single-base resolution is essential. In this review, we emphasize the roles of epitranscriptomic modifications in modulating molecular, physiological, and stress responses in plants, and provide an outlook on epitranscriptome engineering as a promising tool to ensure food security by editing specific m6A and m5C sites through robust genome-editing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasira Shoaib
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Korea; (Y.S.); (B.U.)
| | - Babar Usman
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Korea; (Y.S.); (B.U.)
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Korea; (Y.S.); (B.U.)
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42
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Kang H, Guan MY, Chen FG. [Pollution characteristics, source analysis, and risk assessment of metal and metalloid in PM 2.5 of Shijiazhuang city]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:507-511. [PMID: 35488551 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220128-00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In 2020, the mass concentration of PM2.5 in Shijiazhuang urban area was(80.30±71.43)μg/m3. The Spearman correlation analysis between metals and metalloids showed that Sb with Cd, Pb, Ni, Se, Cd with Pb, Ni, Se, Pb with Ni, Se, Ni with Se, and Se with Tl were positively correlated, with a coefficient greater than 0.5. The main sources of metals and metalloids of PM2.5 were traffic emissions, fuel combustion, metal smelting and dust. The HQ values of Pb, Hg and Mn for each population were less than 1, with lower non-carcinogenic risk. The R values of carcinogenic risk of Ni and Cd in each population were less than 1×10-6, which could be acceptable risk level for the population. The R values of carcinogenic risk of As and Cr in different populations were between 1×10-6 and 1×10-4, with potential carcinogenic risk, particularly higher in adult males.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kang
- Department of Public Health Monitoring and Evaluation, ShiJiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - M Y Guan
- Department of Public Health Monitoring and Evaluation, ShiJiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - F G Chen
- Department of Public Health Monitoring and Evaluation, ShiJiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
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43
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Hu J, Cai J, Umme A, Chen Y, Xu T, Kang H. Unique features of mRNA m6A methylomes during expansion of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits. Plant Physiol 2022; 188:2215-2227. [PMID: 34730815 PMCID: PMC8968293 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal modification in eukaryotic messenger RNA. Although the role of m6A has been demonstrated in many biological processes, including embryonic development, flowering time control, microspore generation, fruit ripening, and stress responses, its contribution to other aspects of plant development still needs to be explored. Herein, we show the potential link between m6A deposition and the expansion of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits through parallel m6A-immunoprecipitation-sequencing (m6A-seq) and RNA-seq analyses. We found that global m6A levels increased during tomato fruit expansion from immature green to mature green stage. m6A-seq revealed that thousands of protein-coding genes are m6A-modified mainly in the 3'-untranslated regions. m6A-seq and RNA-seq analyses showed a positive association between m6A methylation and mRNA abundance. In particular, a large number of fruit expansion-related genes involved in hormone responses and endoreduplication were m6A modified and expressed more actively than the non-m6A-modified genes, suggesting a potential role of m6A modification in tomato fruit expansion. Importantly, altering m6A levels by direct injection of 3-deazaneplanocin A (DA; m6A writer inhibitor) or meclofenamic acid (MA; m6A eraser inhibitor) into tomato fruits suppressed fruit expansion; however, injection of exogenous DA or MA accelerated or delayed fruit ripening, respectively. Collectively, these results suggest a dynamic role of m6A methylation in the expansion and ripening of tomato fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Amara Umme
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Yao Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
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Abstract
Recent advances in our understanding of epitranscriptomic RNA methylation have expanded the complexity of gene expression regulation beyond epigenetic regulation involving DNA methylation and histone modifications. The instalment, removal, and interpretation of methylation marks on RNAs are carried out by writers (methyltransferases), erasers (demethylases), and readers (RNA-binding proteins), respectively. Contrary to an emerging body of evidence demonstrating the importance of RNA methylation in the diverse fates of RNA molecules, including splicing, export, translation, and decay in the nucleus and cytoplasm, their roles in plant organelles remain largely unclear and are only now being discovered. In particular, extremely high levels of methylation marks in chloroplast and mitochondrial RNAs suggest that RNA methylation plays essential roles in organellar biogenesis and functions in plants that are crucial for plant development and responses to environmental stimuli. Thus, unveiling the cellular components involved in RNA methylation in cell organelles is essential to better understand plant biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Manduzio
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Roeske J, Mostafavi H, Lehmann M, Morf D, Cortesi L, Zhu L, Wagstaff P, Kaur M, Kang H, Harkenrider M. Initial Clinical Evaluation of Fast-kV Dual Energy Imaging for Markerless Tumor Tracking of Lung Tumors in Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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46
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Shoaib Y, Hu J, Manduzio S, Kang H. Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase homolog 10B, an N 6 -methyladenosine mRNA demethylase, plays a role in salt stress and abscisic acid responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Physiol Plant 2021; 173:1078-1089. [PMID: 34309025 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) is an abundant methylation mark in eukaryotic mRNAs. It is installed and removed by methyltransferases ("writers") and demethylases ("erasers"), respectively. A recent study has demonstrated that alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase homolog 10B (ALKBH10B) is an mRNA m6 A eraser affecting floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the roles of m6 A eraser proteins, including ALKHB10B, in plant adaptation to abiotic stresses are largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of ALKBH10B in the response of A. thaliana to abiotic stresses and abscisic acid (ABA). The m6 A level increased in response to salt stress, and m6 A levels in alkbh10b mutants were higher than those in the wild-type under both normal and salt stress conditions. Germination of alkbh10b mutant seeds was markedly delayed under salt stress but not under dehydration, cold, or ABA conditions. Seedling growth and survival rate of alkbh10b mutants were enhanced under salt stress. Notably, salt-tolerant phenotypes of alkbh10b mutants were correlated with decreased levels of several m6 A-modified genes, including ATAF1, BGLU22, and MYB73, which are negative effectors of salt stress tolerance. In response to ABA, both seedling and root growth of alkbh10b mutants were inhibited via upregulating ABA signaling-related genes, including ABI3 and ABI4. Collectively, these findings indicate that ALKBH10B-mediated m6 A demethylation affects the transcript levels of stress-responsive genes, which are important for seed germination, seedling growth, and survival of Arabidopsis thaliana in response to salt stress or ABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasira Shoaib
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Stefano Manduzio
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Kang H, Liang J, Zhang Y, Li Z, Yang X, Sui B. Imaging Features of Symptomatic MCA Stenosis in Patients of Different Ages: A Vessel Wall MR Imaging Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1934-1941. [PMID: 34475196 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The prevalence of intracranial artery stenosis is high in Asian people. This study aimed to investigate whether there are differences in the imaging features of symptomatic MCA stenosis in patients of different ages using vessel wall MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the data of consecutive patients with unilateral MCA stenosis based on a prospectively established vessel wall MR imaging data base between January 2017 and December 2018. According to age, the patients were divided into the young group (18-45 years of age) and the middle-aged and elderly group (older than 45 years of age). RESULTS Overall, 131 patients with unilateral MCA stenosis were included (45.8% in the young group and 54.2% in the middle-aged and elderly group). Middle-aged and elderly patients had a higher prevalence of hypertension (P = .01) and diabetes (P = .05). The lesion length (P < .0001), proportion of circular involvement (P = .006), and proportion of circular enhancement (P = .03) were higher in the young group than in the middle-aged and elderly group. The analysis of the atherosclerotic subgroup showed that compared with middle-aged and elderly patients, young patients had longer lesions (P = .002). The atherosclerotic-versus-nonatherosclerotic subgroup analysis showed that the maximal wall thickness in the patients with atherosclerosis was larger than that of patients without it (P = .002). CONCLUSIONS Compared with the middle-aged and elderly group, young patients with MCA stenosis tended to have longer lesions and more circular wall involvement and circular enhancement, which may indicate the differences in underlying vascular pathophysiologic and developmental mechanisms in symptomatic MCA stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kang
- From the Beijing Neurosurgical Institute (H.K., Y.Z., X.Y.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - J Liang
- Shijingshan Teaching Hospital of Capital Medical University (J.L.), Beijing Shijingshan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zhang
- From the Beijing Neurosurgical Institute (H.K., Y.Z., X.Y.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Z Li
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center for Excellence (Z.L., B.S.), China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - X Yang
- From the Beijing Neurosurgical Institute (H.K., Y.Z., X.Y.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - B Sui
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center for Excellence (Z.L., B.S.), China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Suh JW, Kang H, Kim J, Cho HW, Lee W, Yoon CH, Youn TJ, Chae IH. Prediction of endogenous thrombolytic activity in patients with coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Endogenous thrombolytic activity (ETA) has been suggested as an essential factor related to the acute coronary syndrome. However, there have been little data regarding clinical characteristics of ETA in East Asians.
Method
As an interim study of the entire cohort (n=2,000), we analyzed a total of 278 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) due to coronary artery disease (CAD). Informed consent was obtained from all research subjects. Blood samples of patients were brought before the procedure. The Global Thrombosis Test (GTT, Thromboquest, UK), a novel test for examining ETA, was used. Lysis time (LT), which means the time interval between blood flow occlusion and restart, was used as an indicator for ETA. Clinical, laboratory and angiographic characteristics were obtained. LT=3000 seconds was used as a cut-off value to divide patients into two groups. P value<0.05 was regarded as significant.
Results
LT of Korean CAD patients showed bimodal distribution. Median value was 1695 [IQR: 1099, 5932] and it was higher than previous data from Europeans (Figure 1). Patients with impaired ETA (LT>3000) were older and more diabetic. They showed higher creatinine, aPTT, fibrinogen, D-dimer, c-reactive protein, and proBNP values. Moreover, they had lower hemoglobin and platelet levels. Intracoronary thrombus was more frequently observed in LT>3000 group. In the multivariable regression analysis, hemoglobin (per g/dL, odds ratio 0.766, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.632–0.928) and fibrinogen level(per 10mg/L, odds ratio 1.054, 95% CI 1.015–1.095) could significantly predict impaired ETA.
Conclusion
East Asian patients showed a right-shifted distribution of ETA compared to that of Europeans. Patients with impaired ETA had different clinical, laboratory and angiographic characteristics from those with intact ETA. Hemoglobin and fibrinogen level were significantly associated with impaired ETA. Further studies are warranted to confirm causal relationship among these factors.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Research Foundation, Republic of Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Suh
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Kang
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H W Cho
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea (Republic of)
| | - W Lee
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea (Republic of)
| | - C H Yoon
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea (Republic of)
| | - T J Youn
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea (Republic of)
| | - I H Chae
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea (Republic of)
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Ngoc LNT, Park SJ, Cai J, Huong TT, Lee K, Kang H. RsmD, a Chloroplast rRNA m2G Methyltransferase, Plays a Role in Cold Stress Tolerance by Possibly Affecting Chloroplast Translation in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Physiol 2021; 62:948-958. [PMID: 34015128 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) methylation is a pivotal process in the assembly and activity of ribosomes, which in turn play vital roles in the growth, development and stress responses of plants. Although few methyltransferases responsible for rRNA methylation have been identified in plant chloroplasts, the nature and function of these enzymes in chloroplasts remain largely unknown. In this study, we characterized ArabidopsisRsmD (At3g28460), an ortholog of the methyltransferase responsible for N2-methylguanosine (m2G) modification of 16S rRNA in Escherichia coli. Confocal microscopic analysis of an RsmD- green fluorescent protein fusion protein revealed that RsmD is localized to chloroplasts. Primer extension analysis indicated that RsmD is responsible for m2G methylation at position 915 in the 16S rRNA of Arabidopsis chloroplasts. Under cold stress, rsmd mutant plants exhibited retarded growth, i.e. had shorter roots, lower fresh weight and pale-green leaves, compared with wild-type (WT) plants. However, these phenotypes were not detected in response to drought or salt stress. Notably, the rsmd mutant was hypersensitive to erythromycin or lincomycin and accumulated fewer chloroplast proteins compared with the WT, suggesting that RsmD influences translation in chloroplasts. Complementation lines expressing RsmD in the rsmd mutant background recovered WT phenotypes. Importantly, RsmD harbored RNA methyltransferase activity. Collectively, the findings of this study indicate that RsmD is a chloroplast 16S rRNA methyltransferase responsible for m2G915 modification that plays a role in the adaptation of Arabidopsisto cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Nguyen Tieu Ngoc
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
- Faculty of Forestry Agriculture, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, Daklak 63000, Vietnam
| | - Su Jung Park
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Trinh Thi Huong
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
- The Western Highlands Agriculture and Forestry Science Institute, Buon Ma Thuot, Daklak 63000, Vietnam
| | - Kwanuk Lee
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
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Shin JE, Jo KW, O YJ, Jeon D, Kang H, Yim JJ, Kwon YS, Shim TS. Impact of revised definitions for extensively drug-resistant TB on disease classification. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 25:766-768. [PMID: 34802501 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J E Shin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-W Jo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y J O
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kang
- Department of Chest Medicine, Masan National Tuberculosis Hospital, Masan, Republic of Korea
| | - J-J Yim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-S Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - T S Shim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
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