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Thi Ngoc Le H, Xuan Nguyen K, Duy Nguyen T, Quang La H, Thanh Nguyen X, Tien Le D, Quoc Pham H, Xuan Nguyen K, Hoang Nguyen H, Van Pham V, Van Pham C, Pho DC, Nhu Do B, Viet Tran T, Tien Nguyen S, Dinh Le T, Cong Luong T. Effects of Three-Hour Wearing Personal Protective Equipment on Heart Rate Variability in Healthcare Workers for the Treatment of COVID-19 Patients. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:2531-2539. [PMID: 37346809 PMCID: PMC10281273 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s413626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Personal protective equipment (PPE), an essential shield to protect healthcare workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic, has been reported to affect their heart rate variability (HRV). Objective To investigate the changes of very short-term heart rate variability in HCWs after three hours of wearing PPE to treat COVID-19 patients at different working times and intensities, and related factors. Methods Sixty-five healthy HCWs were enrolled at the Number 2 Infectious Field Hospital (formed by Military Hospital 103), Vietnam. Two-minute 12-lead electrocardiograms were recorded before wearing and after removing PPE. Results After three hours of wearing PPE, the mean heart rate of HCWs increased (p = 0.048) meanwhile, the oxygen saturation decreased significantly (p = 0.035). Standard deviation of all normal to normal intervals (SDNN), mean intervals RR (mean NN), and root mean square successive difference (rMSSD) after wearing PPE was also reduced significantly. SDNN, Mean NN, and rMSSD decreased as the working intensity increased (as in mild, moderate, and severe patient departments). In univariate regression analysis, logSDNN, logmean NN and logrMSSD were positively correlated with SpO2 and QT interval (r = 0.14, r = 0.31, r = 0.25; r = 0.39, r = 0.77, r = 0.73, respectively) and were negatively correlated with ambient temperature inside PPE (r = -0.41, r = -0.405, r = -0.25, respectively) while logmean NN and log rMSSD were negatively correlated with diastolic blood pressure (r = -0.43, r = -0.39, respectively). In multivariable regression analysis, logSDNN and logmean NN were negatively correlated to ambient temperature inside PPE (r = -0.34, r = -0.18, respectively). Conclusion Time-domain heart rate variability decreased after wearing PPE. Time-domain HRV parameters were related to ambient temperature inside PPE, diastolic blood pressure, QT interval, and SpO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Thi Ngoc Le
- Cardiovascular Center, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Kien Xuan Nguyen
- Department of Military Medical Command and Organization, Vietnam Medical Military University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Toan Duy Nguyen
- Cardiovascular Center, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Ho Quang La
- Hospital Quality Control Division, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Xuan Thanh Nguyen
- Senior Officer Department, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Dung Tien Le
- Intensive Care, Emergency and Poison Control Center, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Huy Quoc Pham
- Intensive Care, Emergency and Poison Control Center, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Khai Xuan Nguyen
- Interventional Radiology Department, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Hiep Hoang Nguyen
- Field Internal Medicine Center, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Viet Van Pham
- Interventional Radiology Department, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Cong Van Pham
- Intensive Care, Emergency and Poison Control Center, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Dinh Cong Pho
- Department of Military Science, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Binh Nhu Do
- Department of Military Science, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Tien Viet Tran
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Medical Military University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Son Tien Nguyen
- Department of Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Vietnam Military Hospital 103, Medical Military University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Tuan Dinh Le
- Department of Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Vietnam Military Hospital 103, Medical Military University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Thuc Cong Luong
- Cardiovascular Center, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
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Dixit Y, Pham HQ, Realini CE, Agnew MP, Craigie CR, Reis MM. Evaluating the performance of a miniaturized NIR spectrophotometer for predicting intramuscular fat in lamb: A comparison with benchtop and hand-held Vis-NIR spectrophotometers. Meat Sci 2019; 162:108026. [PMID: 31816518 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.108026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study compares a miniaturized spectrophotometer to benchtop and hand-held Vis-NIR instruments in the spectral range of 900-1700 nm for prediction of intramuscular fat (IMF) content of freeze-dried ground lamb meat; and their ability to differentiate fresh lamb meat based on animal age (4 vs 12 months). The performance of the miniaturized spectrophotometer was not affected by sample temperature equilibration time. Partial Least Square regression models for IMF showed Rcv2 = 0.86-0.89 and RMSECV = 0.36-0.40 values for all instruments. Day-to-day instrumental variation adversely affected performance of the miniaturized spectrophotometer (R2p = 0.27, RMSEP = 1.28). This negative effect was overcome by representing day-to-day variation in the model. The benchtop spectrophotometer and miniaturized spectrophotometer differentiated lamb meat by animal age. The miniaturized spectrophotometer has potential to be a fast, ultra-compact and cost-effective device for predicting IMF in freeze-dried ground lamb meat and for age classification of fresh lamb meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Dixit
- Agresearch Grasslands, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
| | - H Q Pham
- Agresearch Grasslands, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand; Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - C E Realini
- Agresearch Grasslands, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
| | - M P Agnew
- Agresearch Grasslands, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
| | - C R Craigie
- Agresearch Lincoln, Lincoln, 7674, New Zealand
| | - M M Reis
- Agresearch Grasslands, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand.
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