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English KK, Singh T, McNutt TR, Lee EE, Bae HJ, Yenokyan G, DeWeese TL, Song D. Sexual Function and Dosimetric Relationships to Erectile Structures among Patients Treated Definitively with Pd-103 LDR Prostate Brachytherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e228-e229. [PMID: 37784920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Sexual potency and erectile function are important quality of life metrics for many men and is a significant consideration when planning and treating prostate cancer. There are limited long-term data correlating post-implant dosimetry with patient-reported sexual toxicity outcomes following LDR prostate brachytherapy using Pd-103, specifically as it pertains to genital substructures. Our aim was to correlate dosimetric patterns with quality-of-life outcomes to determine if dose to the pudendal arteries and neurovascular bundles is a significant consideration when planning prostate LDR brachytherapy. MATERIALS/METHODS We analyzed a prospectively collected IRB-approved database of men receiving LDR prostate brachytherapy between 11/2014-04/2019 at our institution. Patients received either LDR brachytherapy only, or combined with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) to the prostate with or without pelvic lymph node coverage. Patients were given quality of life questionnaires at consultation and at subsequent follow up visits. Outcomes data related to sexual toxicity were evaluated based on the Sexual Health Inventory (SHIM) Questionnaire. The right/left pudendal arteries, and right/left neurovascular bundles (NVB) were contoured retrospectively on CT-MRI fusion sequences. Dosimetric data for each of the erectile substructures was analyzed. Statistical analyses included generalized linear mixed effects models with random intercept for patient to explore the association between dose and SHIM confidence. RESULTS A total of 50 patients met criteria for inclusion in the analysis. 5 patients received combined IMRT to 45 Gy with Pd-103 (90-100 Gy) and 45 patients received Pd-103 monotherapy (125 Gy). Median follow-up was 18 months for 50 patients; 40 (80%) patients had follow-up greater than 2 years, and 15 (30%) greater than 5 years. There were 344 individual questionnaires completed. 28% of records reported low or very low confidence level (Question #1 of SHIM questionnaire). Likelihood of moderate-very high confidence increased up to 2 years after beginning of treatment (p = 0.052) and then subsequently decreased between 2- and 5 years post treatment (p = 0.042). NVB doses were not associated with SHIM confidence level. D100 greater than 150 cGy to either pudendal artery was associated with worse SHIM confidence score after treatment (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION Sexual function is variable in the post treatment setting following definitive prostate radiation with Pd-103 LDR-brachytherapy. Avoiding pudendal artery dose may improve sexual outcomes and should be considered when planning prostate brachytherapy. Further investigation with a larger prospective, cohort may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T Singh
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Baltimore, MD
| | - T R McNutt
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - E E Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - H J Bae
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - G Yenokyan
- Johns Hopkins Biostatistics Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - T L DeWeese
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Baltimore, MD
| | - D Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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An SM, Nam JS, Kim HJ, Bae HJ, Chin JH, Lee EH, Choi IC. Postoperative changes in left ventricular systolic function after combined mitral and aortic valve replacement in patients with rheumatic heart disease. J Card Surg 2021; 36:3654-3661. [PMID: 34252984 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.15814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS We sought to identify short- and long-term changes in postoperative left ventricular systolic function in patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) who underwent combined aortic and mitral valve replacement. METHODS We analyzed 146 patients according to their preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (113 with preoperative LVEF ≥50% and 33 with preoperative LVEF <50%). A restricted cubic spline model was used to assess the effect of time on the postoperative changes in echocardiographic parameters. RESULTS There were no significant difference in preoperative and immediately postoperative LVEF before discharge in either group. During median follow-up of 3.2 years (interquartile range: 1.3-4.7 years) after surgery, postoperative LVEF increased slightly and then plateaued in patients with preoperative LVEF ≥50%, whereas it increased over 3-4 years after surgery and then gradually decreased in patients with preoperative LVEF <50% (p < .001). CONCLUSION Long-term postoperative LVEF showed a downward trend in RHD patients with reduced preoperative LVEF, whereas it reached a plateau in RHD patients with normal preoperative LVEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Mee An
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sik Nam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho Jin Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeun Joon Bae
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Chin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ho Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In-Cheol Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Bae HJ, Park YK, Cho DY, Choi JH, Kim BS, Shin YS. Predictors of the Effects of Flow Diversion in Very Large and Giant Aneurysms. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1099-1103. [PMID: 33926897 PMCID: PMC8191680 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The treatment paradigm for very large and giant aneurysms has recently changed to flow diversion, in light of the results of the Pipeline for Uncoilable or Failed Aneurysms trial. However, the effects of flow diversion were definitely unknown. We explored this topic and identified the predictors of such effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 51 patients with unruptured aneurysms admitted to our institution for flow diversion between February 2014 and August 2019. Patients were categorized into an effect group (no filling or remnant entry) and a no-effect group (subtotal or total filling). We evaluated the aneurysm size and shape, incorporation vessel, parent artery stenosis and curvature, stagnation of contrast medium within the aneurysm, use of balloon angioplasty, and intra-aneurysm thrombus as potential predictors of the effects of flow diversion. RESULTS The effect group comprised 34 patients (66.7%, 34/51; no filling, 35.3%, 18/51; and remnant entry, 31.4%, 16/51). The no-effect group comprised 17 patients (33.3%, 17/51; subtotal filling, 29.4%, 15/51; and total filling, 3.9%, 2/51). An incorporation vessel and balloon angioplasty were independent risk factors for the no-effect group in multivariate logistic regression analyses (OR = 0.13 and 0.05; 95% confidence intervals, 0.02-0.62 and 0.00-0.32; P values, .021 and .004, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Flow diversion is effective for very large and giant aneurysms, but the outcomes require further improvement. The results of this study show that an incorporated vessel and excessive balloon angioplasty might compromise flow diversion. This finding can help improve the outcomes of flow diversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Bae
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (H.J.B.), Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y K Park
- Department of Neurosurgery (Y.K.P.), Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - D Y Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery (D.Y.C.), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery (J.H.C., Y.S.S.), Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine. Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B S Kim
- Department of Radiology (B.S.K.), Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y S Shin
- Department of Neurosurgery (J.H.C., Y.S.S.), Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine. Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Uhm JS, Kim J, Jin MN, Kim IS, Bae HJ, Cho MS, Yu HT, Kim TH, Joung B, Pak HN, Nam GB, Choi KJ, Kim YH, Lee MH. P1012Radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory pathways at the site of prior valve surgery. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for accessory pathways (APs) at the site of prior valve surgery remains challenging. We aimed to clarify the factors associated with successful RFCA for such APs.
Methods
Upon reviewing a RFCA registry and previous case reports, we included nine patients who underwent RFCA of APs at the site of prior valve surgery (total-VS group; age, 34.0 [24.5–45.0] years; men, 4/9) and 196 patients who underwent RFCA of APs with no history of valve surgery (no-VS group; age, 40.5 [23.0–54.0] years; men, 114/196). Electrophysiological features, procedural details, and outcomes were examined.
Results
AP exhibited decremental conduction in four of nine patients in the total-VS group. The number of RFCA attempts was significantly higher in the total-VS group than in the no-VS group (10.0 [4.5–14.5] vs 2.0 [1.0–3.0]; p<0.001). In four patients who underwent mitral valve surgery, successful RFCA was achieved using the transaortic approach, coronary sinus approach, or bipolar ablation. In three patients who underwent tricuspid valve surgery, successful RFCA was achieved using the above-prosthetics or trans-prosthetics approach. In two patients, RFCA failed. The trans-prosthetics approach and bipolar ablation technique were effective. The transaortic and coronary sinus approaches were occasionally effective. The transseptal approach was ineffective. Based on the success rate and accessibility, we suggest a stepwise approach to RFCA of APs at the site of prior mitral or tricuspid valve surgery (Figure).
Stepwise approach to AP at valve surgery
Conclusions
Successful RFCA of APs at the site of prior valve surgery can be achieved by detailed mapping of the areas both above and below the prosthetic valve, as well as by ensuring effective radiofrequency energy delivery using various catheter approaches and RFCA techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Uhm
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Kim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M N Jin
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - I S Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H J Bae
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M S Cho
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H T Yu
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - T H Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - B Joung
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H N Pak
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - G B Nam
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - K J Choi
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y H Kim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M H Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Uhm JS, Jin MN, Kim IS, Bae HJ, Yu HT, Kim TH, Kim JY, Joung B, Pak HN, Lee MH. P1875Nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay is associated with future occurrence of atrial fibrillation in patients with structurally normal heart and sinus rhythm. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
This study aimed to elucidate long-term prognosis of nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay (NIVCD) in patients with structurally normal heart.
Methods
We included 107,838 patients (age, 52.1±15.5 years; men, 46.8%) who underwent electrocardiography in outpatient clinics or medical checkup (model 1). NIVCD was defined as QRS duration ≥110 ms and incompatibility with bundle branch block. The patients with structurally normal heart and sinus rhythm were assigned to the NIVCD group and normal QRS group according to propensity score with matching variables of age, sex, hypertension, and diabetes (model 2), and additional PR interval (model 3). Baseline characteristics, electrocardiographic parameters, and clinical outcomes were compared in model 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
Results
In model 1, the frequencies of male and preexisting atrial fibrillation (AF) were significantly higher in the NIVCD group than in the normal QRS group. In model 2, sinus rate and PR interval were significantly slower and longer in the NIVCD group than in the normal QRS group. In model 3, cumulative incidence of AF was significantly higher in the NIVCD group than in the normal QRS group during follow-up of 8.8±2.9 years (Figure). NIVCD significantly increased risk of AF (hazard ratio, 2.571; 95% confidence interval, 1.074–6.156; p=0.034). NIVCD did not significantly increase risk of sick sinus syndrome, complete atrioventricular block, and heart failure.
Atrial fibrillation-free survival
Conclusions
NIVCD is associated with slow sinus rate and prolonged PR interval. NIVCD is an independent risk factor of AF in patients with structurally normal heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Uhm
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M N Jin
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - I S Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H J Bae
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H T Yu
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - T H Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Y Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - B Joung
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H N Pak
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M H Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Choi JM, Kim HJ, Choi HR, Kim YB, Bae HJ, Yang HS. Remifentanil does not inhibit sugammadex reversal after rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block in the isolated hemidiaphragm of the rat: an ex vivo study. J Anesth 2019; 33:642-646. [PMID: 31535219 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-019-02681-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sugammadex is used to reverse neuromuscular block induced by rocuronium or vecuronium by forming a stable complex. If the binding capacity of any substance to sugammadex is large enough, this molecule will displace rocuronium or vecuronium from the complex. For drugs used in anesthesia, the binding affinity of remifentanil for sugammadex was highest. The aim of the current study was to investigate the decrease in the reversal of neuromuscular blockade with sugammadex by complex formation between remifentanil and sugammadex in the model using isolated hemidiaphragm of the rat. METHODS Phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragms from 34 male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated randomly to four groups: 0 or 100 ng/ml remifentanil with equimolar amounts of sugammadex and 0 or 100 ng/ml remifentanil with three-quarter dose of sugammadex. Muscle contraction responses were recorded during the stimulation of the phrenic nerve by train-of-four (TOF) stimulation. Rocuronium was added to the organ bath with or without 100 ng/ml remifentanil until the first height response (T1) of TOF disappeared completely. Then, equimolar amounts or three-quarter dose of sugammadex was added. RESULTS Remifentanil has no significant effects on the concentration-response curves of rocuronium. No significant differences were observed in the recoveries of T1 and TOF ratio with time after administration of equimolar amounts or three-quarter dose of sugammadex regardless of the presence of 100 ng/ml remifentanil. CONCLUSION Clinical concentration of remifentanil does not inhibit sugammadex reversal after rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block. Sugammadex can be used safely without worrying about the interaction with remifentanil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Moon Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Jung Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hey Ran Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Beom Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeun Joon Bae
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Seuk Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Sun Medical Center, Daejeon, 34811, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Despite the large amount of information provided by direct numerical simulations of turbulent flows, their underlying dynamics remain elusive even in the most simple and canonical configurations. Most common approaches to investigate the turbulence phenomena do not provide a clear causal inference between events, which is essential to determine the dynamics of self-sustaining processes. In the present work, we examine the causal interactions between streaks, rolls and mean shear in the logarithmic layer of a minimal turbulent channel flow. Causality between structures is assessed in a non-intrusive manner by transfer entropy, i.e., how much the uncertainty of one structure is reduced by knowing the past states of the others. We choose to represent streaks by the first Fourier modes of the streamwise velocity, while rolls are defined by the wall-normal and spanwise velocity modes. The results show that the process is mainly unidirectional rather than cyclic, and that the log-layer motions are sustained by extracting energy from the mean shear which controls the dynamics and time-scales. The well-known lift-up effect is also identified, but shown to be of secondary importance in the causal network between shear, streaks and rolls.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Bae
- Center for Turbulence Research, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
| | - M P Encinar
- School of Aeronautics, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Lozano-Durán
- Center for Turbulence Research, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
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Bae HJ, Lozano-Durán A. DNS-aided explicitly filtered LES of channel flow. Annu Res Br 2018; 2018:197-207. [PMID: 31633122 PMCID: PMC6800716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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Lozano-Durán A, Bae HJ. Convergence of large-eddy simulation in the outer region of wall-bounded turbulence. Annu Res Br 2017; 2017:257-270. [PMID: 31633121 PMCID: PMC6800699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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Lozano-Durán A, Bae HJ, Bose ST, Moin P. Dynamic wall models for the slip boundary condition. Annu Res Br 2017; 2017:229-242. [PMID: 31633120 PMCID: PMC6800703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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Bae HJ, Lozano-Durán A. Towards exact subgrid-scale models for explicitly filtered large-eddy simulation of wall-bounded flows. Annu Res Br 2017; 2017:207-214. [PMID: 31633119 PMCID: PMC6800707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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Lozano-Durán A, Bae HJ. Turbulent channel with slip boundaries as a benchmark for subgrid-scale models in LES. Annu Res Br 2016; 2016:97-103. [PMID: 31633118 PMCID: PMC6800701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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Bae HJ, Lozano-Durán A, Moin P. Investigation of the slip boundary condition in wall-modeled LES. Annu Res Br 2016; 2016:75-86. [PMID: 31633117 PMCID: PMC6800698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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Jeon JS, Kim BH, Lee SH, Kwon HJ, Bae HJ, Kim SK, Park JA, Shim JH, Abd El-Aty AM, Shin HC. Simultaneous determination of arbutin and its decomposed product hydroquinone in whitening creams using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection: Effect of temperature and pH on decomposition. Int J Cosmet Sci 2015; 37:567-73. [PMID: 25857400 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arbutin is an effective agent for the treatment of melanin disorders. Arbutin may be converted to hydroquinone under conditions of high temperature, ultraviolet (UV) radiation and dilute acid. The aim of the current study was to develop an analytical method to determine the levels of arbutin and hydroquinone in whitening cosmetic products using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC-DAD). In addition, we investigated the effects of high temperature and pH on the decomposition of arbutin. METHODS Samples extracted using two-step sonications were separated on a C18 column using a gradient mobile phase consisting of water and methanol. A 60-mm (40 μL) DAD cell was used to enhance the sensitivity of hydroquinone determination. Thermal decomposition of arbutin was evaluated at temperatures ranging from 60 to 120°C for 1-36 h. RESULTS The method showed good linearity (R(2) ≥ 0.9997), precision (relative standard deviation, RSD < 5%) and acceptable extraction recovery (90-102.6%). The limits of quantitation for arbutin and hydroquinone were 0.0085 and 0.0119 μg mL(-1) , respectively. One sample of 21 cosmetic products tested contained arbutin at a concentration 1.61 g 100 g(-1) cream and 0.12 g 100 g(-1) cream of hydroquinone. Arbutin (327.18 ppm) decomposed after 6 h at 120°C and produced 10.73 ppm of hydroquinone. CONCLUSION The developed method is simple to detect both arbutin and hydroquinone simultaneously in cosmetic products, at an adequate level of sensitivity. Notably, temperature and pH did not influence the decomposition of arbutin to hydroquinone in a 2% arbutin cream.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Jeon
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Nuengdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Korea.,Public Health Research Division, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, 95, Pajang cheon-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwonsi, Gyeonggi Province, 440-290, Korea
| | - B H Kim
- Public Health Research Division, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, 95, Pajang cheon-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwonsi, Gyeonggi Province, 440-290, Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Public Health Research Division, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, 95, Pajang cheon-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwonsi, Gyeonggi Province, 440-290, Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- Public Health Research Division, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, 95, Pajang cheon-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwonsi, Gyeonggi Province, 440-290, Korea
| | - H J Bae
- Public Health Research Division, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, 95, Pajang cheon-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwonsi, Gyeonggi Province, 440-290, Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Nuengdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Korea
| | - J A Park
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Nuengdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Korea
| | - J H Shim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Nuengdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - H C Shin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Nuengdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Korea
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Kim SK, Lee SY, Bae HJ, Lee YS, Kim SY, Kang MJ, Cha JK. Pre-hospital notification reduced the door-to-needle time for iv t-PA in acute ischaemic stroke. Eur J Neurol 2009; 16:1331-5. [PMID: 19832903 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02762.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S K Kim
- Stroke Center, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
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Bae HJ, Song JH, Noh JH, Kim JK, Jung KH, Eun JW, Xie HJ, Ryu JC, Ahn YM, Kim SY, Lee SH, Yoo NJ, Lee JY, Park WS, Nam SW. Low frequency mutation of the Ephrin receptor A3 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma. Neoplasma 2009; 56:331-4. [PMID: 19469653 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2009_04_331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
EphA3 is a component of the Eph/ephrin tyrosine kinase system, which participates in vasculature development. This receptor/ligand system is associated with various signaling pathways related to cell growth and viability, cytoskeletal organization, cell migration, and anti-apoptosis. Accumulated evidence suggests that aberrant regulation of EphA3 and its genetic alterations are implicated in the development and progression of various cancers. However, despite a high incidence of EphA3 over-expression, no such investigation has been performed in hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, we investigated genetic alterations of the EphA3 gene in 73 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma by single-strand conformational polymorphism and sequencing. One novel D219V missense mutation was found in the extracellular domain of EphA3, and two genetic alterations in the intracellular sterile-alpha-motif (SAM) domain of EphA3 appeared to be polymorphisms. Although the functional assessments of this mutant are incomplete, it is believed that this novel EphA3 mutation may contribute to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Bae
- Department of Pathology, Microdissection Genomics Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Xie HJ, Bae HJ, Noh JH, Eun JW, Kim JK, Jung KH, Ryu JC, Ahn YM, Kim SY, Lee SH, Yoo NJ, Lee JY, Park WS, Nam SW. Mutational analysis of JAK1 gene in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Neoplasma 2009; 56:136-40. [PMID: 19239328 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2009_02_136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The <em>Janus kinase 1</em> (JAK1) gene encodes a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase that is noncovalently associated with a variety of cytokine receptors and plays a nonredundant role in cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. The mutated forms of JAK1 often altered the activation of JAK1 and then changed the activation of JAK1/STAT pathways, and this may contribute to cancer development and progression. Thus, to investigate whether genetic mutations of JAK1 gene are associated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression, we analyzed genetic alterations of JAK1 gene in 84 human HCCs by single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) and direct sequencing. Of 24 exons of JAK1 gene, 12 exons were previously reported to have mutations, we searched genetic alteration of JAK1 in these exons. Overall, one missense mutation (1.2%) was found. In addition, 12 cases (14%) were found to have single nucleotide polymorphism (14%) in exon 14. Taken together, we found one novel missense mutation of JAK1 gene in hepatocellular carcinomas with some polymorphisms. Although the functional assessment of this novel mutant remains to be completed, JAK1 mutation may contribute to the tumor development in liver cancer. KEYWORDS JAK1 gene, hepatocellular carcinoma, mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Xie
- Department of Pathology, Microdisection Genomic Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Yoon BW, Bae HJ, Hong KS, Lee SM, Park BJ, Yu KH, Han MK, Lee YS, Chung DK, Park JM, Jeong SW, Lee BC, Cho KH, Kim JS, Lee SH, Yoo KM. Phenylpropanolamine contained in cold remedies and risk of hemorrhagic stroke. Neurology 2007; 68:146-9. [PMID: 17210897 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000250351.38999.f2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we sought to elucidate whether phenylpropanolamine (PPA) in cold remedies (small and divided doses) increases the risk of hemorrhagic stroke (HS). PPA exposure significantly increased the risk, and the risk was much higher in women. In women, linear trends were also found in recency, duration, and dosage of PPA exposure. PPA contained in cold remedies increases the risk of HS, particularly in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- B W Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Kim M, Bae HJ, Lee J, Kang L, Lee S, Kim S, Lee JE, Lee KM, Yoon BW, Kwon O, Koo JS, Kim BK. APOE epsilon2/epsilon4 polymorphism and cerebral microbleeds on gradient-echo MRI. Neurology 2006; 65:1474-5. [PMID: 16275840 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000183311.48144.7f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of APOE genotypes with cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) was examined on the basis of the location of CMBs in 414 patients who were admitted primarily because of stroke. With respect to possession of the epsilon2 or epsilon4 allele, the adjusted odds ratio was 1.94 (1.05 to 3.58) for lobar CMBs but 1.21 (0.69 to 2.11) for nonlobar CMBs. This suggests that the pathogenesis of CMBs may differ depending on their location.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral microbleeds (CMB) may be indicative of a hemorrhage-prone microangiopathy. OBJECTIVE To determine if increased numbers of these lesions are predictive of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), especially in terms of a distributional association. METHODS The authors examined consecutively 227 patients with acute stroke. CMB were counted using T2*-weighted gradient echo MRI data, and old lacunes and leukoaraiosis were also evaluated. The associations between the vascular risk factors and ICH were analyzed. With use of multivariate logistic regression analysis, the locations of the CMB or the old lacunes, which were categorized as being in the corticosubcortical area, the deep gray matter area, or the infratentorial area, were examined with regard to their relationships to the locations of the ICH. RESULTS The degrees of the CMB (r = 0.43, p < 0.01) and leukoaraiosis (r = 0.20, p < 0.01) were well correlated with the presence of ICH. Multivariate analysis revealed that the grades of the CMB were associated with the presence of ICH (p < 0.01, odds ratio [OR] = 2.67). CMB in the corticosubcortical area (p < 0.01, OR = 5.50) or deep gray matter (p < 0.01, OR = 2.55) were strongly associated with the presence of ICH in the same area, but no such association was observed in the case of CMB in the infratentorial area or in the case of old lacunes in any area. CONCLUSIONS Cerebral microbleeds are strongly associated with the presence of intracerebral hemorrhage, and the distributional associations are also quite strong.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University, and Neuroscience Research Institute, SNUMRC, Korea
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21
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Yoon BW, Bae HJ, Kang DW, Lee SH, Hong KS, Kim KB, Park BJ, Roh JK. Intracranial cerebral artery disease as a risk factor for central nervous system complications of coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Stroke 2001; 32:94-9. [PMID: 11136921 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.32.1.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although extracranial carotid artery disease (ECAD) is accepted as a risk factor for central nervous system (CNS) complications after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, it remains to be clarified whether intracranial cerebral artery disease (ICAD) may also increase the risk. We conducted a prospective study to elucidate the relation between ICAD and CNS complications after CABG surgery. METHODS We prospectively studied 201 patients undergoing nonemergency isolated CABG surgery during a 39-month period (from March 1995 to June 1998). Each patient was evaluated before surgery with neurological examination, transcranial Doppler, and carotid duplex ultrasonography. Magnetic resonance angiography was used to determine the presence and severity of ECAD and ICAD in patients with abnormal findings on clinical examination, carotid duplex ultrasonography, or transcranial Doppler. Patients were followed after surgery and evaluated for the development of CNS complications. Association between CNS complications and their potential predictors was analyzed. RESULTS One hundred nine patients (54.2%) were found to have ECAD and/or ICAD. ECAD alone was found in 48 patients (23.9%), ICAD alone in 33 (16.4%), and both ECAD and ICAD in 28 (13.9%). Fifty-one patients (25.4%) had single or multiple CNS complications: 23 (11.4%) had delirium; 18 (9.0%) had hypoxic-metabolic encephalopathy; 7 (3.5%) had stroke; and 7 (3. 5%) had seizure. In multivariate analysis, ICAD was found to have an independent association with the development of CNS complications (prevalence OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.04 to 5.01) after controlling for covariates including age, occurrence of intraoperative events, and reoperation. The joint effect of ECAD and ICAD was also statistically significant and stronger than ICAD alone (prevalence OR, 3.87; 95% CI, 1.80 to 6.52). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that ICAD may be an independent risk factor for CNS complications after CABG surgery. These results support pre-CABG evaluation of the intracranial arteries for the risk assessment of CABG surgery, at least in black and Asian patients, in whom there may be a higher prevalence of intracranial arterial stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B W Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University, Korea
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Abstract
Riluzole is a neuroprotective agent the efficacy of which was proven in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in human and in animal models of cerebral ischemia. However, the dosage used in animal experiments was much higher than that in human. We investigated the efficacy of low dose riluzole, which was similar to the dose used in human trials, in animal model of global ischemia. Global ischemia was induced in male Mongolian gerbils for 5min under monitoring of rectal temperature. Riluzole (0.8 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally 30min before ischemia. Seven days after ischemia, animals were decapitated and surviving nerve cells in hippocampal CA1 area were quantified. The number of surviving cells was compared between in riluzole-treated and control groups and the former showed statistically significant better survivals than the latter (P<0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Bae
- Department of Neurology, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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23
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Kang DW, Lee SH, Bae HJ, Han MH, Yoon BW, Roh JK. Acute bilateral cerebellar infarcts in the territory of posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Neurology 2000; 55:582-4. [PMID: 10953199 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.55.4.582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors report 12 patients with acute bilateral cerebellar infarcts in posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) territory. They found three topographic patterns: A) bilateral medial PICA in six patients; B) unilateral whole + contralateral medial PICA in four; and C) bilateral small multiple in two. Nine patients in Groups A and B had unilateral PICA or vertebral artery disease, and both patients in Group C had bilateral vertebral artery disease. These findings support that unilateral supply to both medial PICA territories may be the most relevant pathogenesis of this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Kang
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Korea
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