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Fermo E, Zaninoni A, Vercellati C, Marcello AP, Bestetti I, Castronovo P, Fattizzo B, Barcellini W, Bianchi P. When alpha spectrin null alleles meet low expression alpha spectrin polymorphisms. Br J Haematol 2023; 203:684-687. [PMID: 37565283 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Fermo
- SC Ematologia, SS Fisiopatologia delle Anemie, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Zaninoni
- SC Ematologia, SS Fisiopatologia delle Anemie, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Vercellati
- SC Ematologia, SS Fisiopatologia delle Anemie, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Marcello
- SC Ematologia, SS Fisiopatologia delle Anemie, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- SC Patologia Clinica, SS Laboratorio Genetica Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Castronovo
- SC Patologia Clinica, SS Laboratorio Genetica Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Fattizzo
- SC Ematologia, SS Fisiopatologia delle Anemie, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Oncologia e Emato-oncologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Wilma Barcellini
- SC Ematologia, SS Fisiopatologia delle Anemie, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Bianchi
- SC Ematologia, SS Fisiopatologia delle Anemie, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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2
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Grati FR, Bestetti I, De Siero D, Malvestiti F, Villa N, Sala E, Crosti F, Parisi V, Nardone AM, Di Giacomo G, Pettinari A, Tortora G, Montaldi A, Calò A, Saccilotto D, Zanchetti S, Celli P, Guerneri S, Silipigni R, Cardarelli L, Lippi E, Cavani S, Malacarne M, Genesio R, Beltrami N, Pittalis MC, Desiderio L, Gentile M, Ficarella R, Recalcati MP, Catusi I, Garzo M, Miele L, Corti C, Ghezzo S, Bertini V, Cambi F, Valetto A, Facchinetti B, Bernardini L, Capalbo A, Balducci F, Pelo E, Minuti B, Pescucci C, Giuliani C, Renieri A, Longo I, Tita R, Castello G, Casalone R, Righi R, Raso B, Civolani A, Muzi MC, di Natale M, Varriale L, Gasperini D, Nuzzi MC, Cellamare A, Casieri P, Busuito R, Ceccarini C, Cesarano C, Privitera O, Melani D, Menozzi C, Falcinelli C, Calabrese O, Battaglia P, Tanzariello A, Stampalija T, Ardisia C, Gasparini P, Benn P, Novelli A. Positive predictive values and outcomes for uninformative cell-free DNA tests: An Italian multicentric Cytogenetic and cytogenomic Audit of diagnOstic testing (ICARO study). Prenat Diagn 2022; 42:1575-1586. [PMID: 36403097 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To establish the positive predictive values (PPV) of cfDNA testing based on data from a nationwide survey of independent clinical cytogenetics laboratories. METHODS Prenatal diagnostic test results obtained by Italian laboratories between 2013 and March 2020 were compiled for women with positive non-invasive prenatal tests (NIPT), without an NIPT result, and cases where there was sex discordancy between the NIPT and ultrasound. PPV and other summary data were reviewed. RESULTS Diagnostic test results were collected for 1327 women with a positive NIPT. The highest PPVs were for Trisomy (T) 21 (624/671, 93%) and XYY (26/27, 96.3%), while rare autosomal trisomies (9/47, 19.1%) and recurrent microdeletions (8/55, 14.5%) had the lowest PPVs. PPVs for T21, T18, and T13 were significantly higher when diagnostic confirmation was carried out on chorionic villi (97.5%) compared to amniotic fluid (89.5%) (p < 0.001). In 19/139 (13.9%), of no result cases, a cytogenetic abnormality was detected. Follow-up genetic testing provided explanations for 3/6 cases with a fetal sex discordancy between NIPT and ultrasound. CONCLUSIONS NIPT PPVs differ across the conditions screened and the tissues studied in diagnostic testing. This variability, issues associated with fetal sex discordancy, and no results, illustrate the importance of pre- and post-test counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Romana Grati
- R&D, Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Medical Genetics Unit, TOMA Advanced Biomedical Assays S.p.A, Busto Arsizio, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daria De Siero
- R&D, Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Medical Genetics Unit, TOMA Advanced Biomedical Assays S.p.A, Busto Arsizio, Italy
| | - Francesca Malvestiti
- R&D, Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Medical Genetics Unit, TOMA Advanced Biomedical Assays S.p.A, Busto Arsizio, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Villa
- UOS Citogenetica e Genetica Medica - ASST-Monza, Ospedale San Gerardo, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Elena Sala
- UOS Citogenetica e Genetica Medica - ASST-Monza, Ospedale San Gerardo, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Francesca Crosti
- UOS Citogenetica e Genetica Medica - ASST-Monza, Ospedale San Gerardo, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Valentina Parisi
- U.O.C. Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, Ospedale Pediatrico del Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Nardone
- U.O.C. Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Pettinari
- SOSD Malattie Rare e Citogenetica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giada Tortora
- SOSD Malattie Rare e Citogenetica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Annapaola Calò
- U.O.S. Laboratorio di Genetica, AULSS8 Berica, Vicenza, Italy
| | | | - Sara Zanchetti
- U.O.S. Laboratorio di Genetica, AULSS8 Berica, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Paola Celli
- U.O.S. Laboratorio di Genetica, AULSS8 Berica, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Silvana Guerneri
- Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Silipigni
- Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Cardarelli
- Laboratorio di Genetica medica, Lifebrain, Gruppo Cerba HealthCare, c/o RDI, Rete Diagnostica Italiana, Limena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Lippi
- Laboratorio di Genetica medica, Lifebrain, Gruppo Cerba HealthCare, c/o RDI, Rete Diagnostica Italiana, Limena, Italy
| | - Simona Cavani
- U.O.C. Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Michela Malacarne
- U.O.C. Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Rita Genesio
- DAI medicina di laboratorio e trasfusionale AOU Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Maria Carla Pittalis
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Desiderio
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mattia Gentile
- Dipartimento di Medicina della Riproduzione, UOC Genetica Medica, ASL BARI, Bari, Italy
| | - Romina Ficarella
- Dipartimento di Medicina della Riproduzione, UOC Genetica Medica, ASL BARI, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Recalcati
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica e Genetica Molecolare, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Ilaria Catusi
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica e Genetica Molecolare, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Garzo
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica e Genetica Molecolare, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Ghezzo
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica - U.O.C. Genetica Medica, Centro Servizi Pievesestina - Laboratorio Unico, AUSL ROMAGNA, Cesena, Italy
| | - Veronica Bertini
- SOD Citogenetica, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Cambi
- SOD Citogenetica, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), Pisa, Italy
| | - Angelo Valetto
- SOD Citogenetica, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), Pisa, Italy
| | - Barbara Facchinetti
- UOSD SMeL 4 Citogenetica e Genetica Medica, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Laura Bernardini
- Medical Genetics Division, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Foundation, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Anna Capalbo
- Medical Genetics Division, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Foundation, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Federica Balducci
- TECNOBIOS PRENATALE EUROGENLAB - Gruppo LIFE BRAIN Emilia-Romagna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Alessandra Renieri
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Med Biotech Hub and Competence Center, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Ilaria Longo
- Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Rossella Tita
- Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castello
- Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Rosario Casalone
- SSD SMeL Citogenetica e Genetica Medica, ASST dei Settelaghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Rossana Righi
- SSD SMeL Citogenetica e Genetica Medica, ASST dei Settelaghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Barbara Raso
- ASL ROMA 1, Centro S.Anna, Dipartimento dei Laboratori, U.O.S.D. di Genetica medica, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Civolani
- ASL ROMA 1, Centro S.Anna, Dipartimento dei Laboratori, U.O.S.D. di Genetica medica, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Muzi
- ASL ROMA 1, Centro S.Anna, Dipartimento dei Laboratori, U.O.S.D. di Genetica medica, Roma, Italy
| | - Manuela di Natale
- ASL ROMA 1, Centro S.Anna, Dipartimento dei Laboratori, U.O.S.D. di Genetica medica, Roma, Italy
| | - Luigia Varriale
- UOSD Diagnostica Alta Complessità, Settore Genetica, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord-Pesaro, Nord-Pesaro, Italy
| | - Daniela Gasperini
- Laboratorio Genetica e Genomica, Ospedale Microcitemico A.Cao, ARNAS Brotzu Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Nuzzi
- UOC Patologia Clinica - Sezione di Genetica Medica, Ospedale SS. Annunziata Taranto - ASL TARANTO, Taranto, Italy
| | - Angelo Cellamare
- UOC Patologia Clinica - Sezione di Genetica Medica, Ospedale SS. Annunziata Taranto - ASL TARANTO, Taranto, Italy
| | - Paola Casieri
- UOC Patologia Clinica - Sezione di Genetica Medica, Ospedale SS. Annunziata Taranto - ASL TARANTO, Taranto, Italy
| | - Rosa Busuito
- Laboratorio di Genetica Molecolare e Citogenetica - Sezione di Citogenetica, UOC Laboratorio Analisi - ASST Ovest Milanese, Legnano, Italy
| | | | - Carla Cesarano
- U.O.C Genetica Medica, Policlinico Riuniti Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Orsola Privitera
- SOS Genetica e Diagnostica di Laboratorio, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Presidio Ospedale S. Stefano, Prato, Italy
| | - Daniela Melani
- SOS Genetica e Diagnostica di Laboratorio, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Presidio Ospedale S. Stefano, Prato, Italy
| | - Cristina Menozzi
- SSD Genetica Medica, Dipartimento Materno Infantile, AOU Policlinico Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Cristina Falcinelli
- SSD Genetica Medica, Dipartimento Materno Infantile, AOU Policlinico Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Olga Calabrese
- SSD Genetica Medica, Dipartimento Materno Infantile, AOU Policlinico Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Battaglia
- Laboratorio di Genetica, UOC Genetica Medica, AUSL Imola, Imola, Italy
| | | | - Tamara Stampalija
- Unit of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Carmela Ardisia
- Genetica Medica IRCCS Ospedale "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Genetica Medica IRCCS Ospedale "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Peter Benn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Antonio Novelli
- U.O.C. Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, Ospedale Pediatrico del Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
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Bestetti I, Barbieri C, Sironi A, Specchia V, Yatsenko SA, De Donno MD, Caslini C, Gentilini D, Crippa M, Larizza L, Marozzi A, Rajkovic A, Toniolo D, Bozzetti MP, Finelli P. Targeted whole exome sequencing and Drosophila modelling to unveil the molecular basis of primary ovarian insufficiency. Hum Reprod 2021; 36:2975-2991. [PMID: 34480478 PMCID: PMC8523209 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Can a targeted whole exome sequencing (WES) on a cohort of women showing a primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) phenotype at a young age, combined with a study of copy number variations, identify variants in candidate genes confirming their deleterious effect on ovarian function? SUMMARY ANSWER This integrated approach has proved effective in identifying novel candidate genes unveiling mechanisms involved in POI pathogenesis. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY POI, a condition occurring in 1% of women under 40 years of age, affects women’s fertility leading to a premature loss of ovarian reserve. The genetic causes of POI are highly heterogeneous and several determinants contributing to its prominent oligogenic inheritance pattern still need to be elucidated. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION WES screening for pathogenic variants of 41 Italian women with non-syndromic primary and early secondary amenorrhoea occurring before age 25 was replicated on another 60 POI patients, including 35 French and 25 American women, to reveal statistically significant shared variants. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The Italian POI patients’ DNA were processed by targeted WES including 542 RefSeq genes expressed or functioning during distinct reproductive or ovarian processes (e.g. DNA repair, meiosis, oocyte maturation, folliculogenesis and menopause). Extremely rare variants were filtered and selected by means of a Fisher Exact test using several publicly available datasets. A case-control Burden test was applied to highlight the most significant genes using two ad-hoc control female cohorts. To support the obtained data, the identified genes were screened on a novel cohort of 60 Caucasian POI patients and the same case-control analysis was carried out. Comparative analysis of the human identified genes was performed on mouse and Drosophila melanogaster by analysing the orthologous genes in their ovarian phenotype, and two of the selected genes were fruit fly modelled to explore their role in fertility. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The filtering steps applied to search for extremely rare pathogenic variants in the Italian cohort revealed 64 validated single-nucleotide variants/Indels in 59 genes in 30 out of 41 screened women. Burden test analysis highlighted 13 ovarian genes as being the most enriched and significant. To validate these findings, filtering steps and Burden analysis on the second cohort of Caucasian patients yielded 11 significantly enriched genes. Among them, AFP, DMRT3, MOV10, FYN and MYC were significant in both patient cohorts and hence were considered strong candidates for POI. Mouse and Drosophila comparative analysis evaluated a conserved role through the evolution of several candidates, and functional studies using a Drosophila model, when applicable, supported the conserved role of the MOV10 armitage and DMRT3 dmrt93B orthologues in female fertility. LARGE SCALE DATA The datasets for the Italian cohort generated during the current study are publicly available at ClinVar database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/): accession numbers SCV001364312 to SCV001364375. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This is a targeted WES analysis hunting variants in candidate genes previously identified by different genomic approaches. For most of the investigated sporadic cases, we could not track the parental inheritance, due to unavailability of the parents’ DNA samples; in addition, we might have overlooked additional rare variants in novel candidate POI genes extracted from the exome data. On the contrary, we might have considered some inherited variants whose clinical significance is uncertain and might not be causative for the patients’ phenotype. Additionally, as regards the Drosophila model, it will be extremely important in the future to have more mutants or RNAi strains available for each candidate gene in order to validate their role in POI pathogenesis. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The genomic, statistical, comparative and functional approaches integrated in our study convincingly support the extremely heterogeneous oligogenic nature of POI, and confirm the maintenance across the evolution of some key genes safeguarding fertility and successful reproduction. Two principal classes of genes were identified: (i) genes primarily involved in meiosis, namely in synaptonemal complex formation, asymmetric division and oocyte maturation and (ii) genes safeguarding cell maintenance (piRNA and DNA repair pathways). STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by Italian Ministry of Health grants ‘Ricerca Corrente’ (08C621_2016 and 08C924_2019) provided to IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, and by ‘Piano Sostegno alla Ricerca’ (PSR2020_FINELLI_LINEA_B) provided by the University of Milan; M.P.B. was supported by Telethon-Italy (grant number GG14181). There are no conflicts of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bestetti
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - C Barbieri
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute and Vita Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - A Sironi
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - V Specchia
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - S A Yatsenko
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M D De Donno
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - C Caslini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - D Gentilini
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Bioinformatics and Statistical Genomics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - M Crippa
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - L Larizza
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Marozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - A Rajkovic
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San, Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - D Toniolo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute and Vita Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - M P Bozzetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - P Finelli
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Milan, Italy
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4
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Brunetti S, Malerba L, Giordano L, Parrini E, Guerrini R, Palumbo G, Parazzini C, Bestetti I, Accorsi P. Cerebral folate transporter deficiency syndrome in three siblings: Why genetic testing for developmental and epileptic encephalopathies should be performed early and include the FOLR1 gene. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:2526-2531. [PMID: 34008900 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral folate transporter deficiency syndrome, caused by FOLR-1 mutations is characterized by late infantile onset, severe developmental regression, epilepsy, and leukodystrophy. An extremely low concentration of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in the cerebrospinal fluid provides a crucial clue to its diagnosis and is a treatment target. Oral or intravenous folinic acid (5-formyltetrahydrofolate) administration improves clinical symptoms and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. We describe three siblings carrying a novel homozygous FOLR1 nonsense mutation, that were referred due to intractable epilepsy and progressive neurological decline. Brain MRI showed hypomyelination and cerebellar atrophy. Folinic acid (oral and intravenous) supplementation, initiated after over 15 years illness, has failed to result in any sizeable clinical or neurophysiological improvement. Cerebral folate transport deficiency bears overlapping clinical features with many severe developmental encephalopathies. It is crucial to recognize FOLR1 signs and establish an early clinical and molecular diagnosis in order to provide timely folinic acid treatment and improve outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Brunetti
- Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Children Hospital, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Malerba
- Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Children Hospital, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lucio Giordano
- Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Children Hospital, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Parrini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Neuroscience Centre, A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Neuroscience Centre, A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Palumbo
- Neuroradiology Department, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Cecilia Parazzini
- Pediatric radiology and neuroradiology Department, Children's Hospital V. Buzzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Accorsi
- Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Children Hospital, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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5
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Cini G, Carnevali I, Sahnane N, Chiaravalli AM, Dell'Elice A, Maestro R, Pin E, Bestetti I, Radovic S, Armelao F, Viel A, Tibiletti MG. Lynch syndrome and Muir-Torre phenotype associated with a recurrent variant in the 3'UTR of the MSH6 gene. Cancer Genet 2021; 254-255:1-10. [PMID: 33516942 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A MSH6 3'UTR variant (c.*23_26dup) was found in 13 unrelated families consulted for Lynch/Muir-Torre Syndrome. This variant, which is very rare in the genomic databases, was absent in healthy controls and strongly segregated with the disease in the studied pedigrees. All tumors were defective for MSH2/MSH6/MSH3 proteins expression, but only MSH2 somatic pathogenic mutations were found in 5 of the 12 sequenced tumors. Moreover, we had no evidence of MSH6 transcript decrease in carriers, whereas MSH2 transcript was downregulated. Additional evaluations performed in representative carriers, including karyotype, arrayCGH and Linked-Reads whole genome sequencing, failed to evidence any MSH2 germline pathogenic variant. Posterior probability of pathogenicity for MSH6 c.*23_26dup was obtained from a multifactorial analysis incorporating segregation and phenotypic data and resulted >0.999, allowing to classify the variant as pathogenic (InSiGHT Class 5). Carriers shared a common haplotype involving MSH2/MSH6 loci, then a cryptic disease-associated variant, linked with MSH6 c.*23_26dup, cannot be completely excluded. Even if it is not clear whether the MSH6 variant is pathogenic per se or simply a marker of a disease-associated MSH2/MSH6 haplotype, all data collected on patients and pedigrees prompted us to manage the variant as pathogenic and to offer predictive testing within these families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Cini
- Unit of Functional Oncogenomics and Genetics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Via F. Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Ileana Carnevali
- Department of Pathology, Circolo Hospital ASST Settelaghi, via O. Rossi 9, 21100, Varese, Italy; Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via O. Rossi 9, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Nora Sahnane
- Department of Pathology, Circolo Hospital ASST Settelaghi, via O. Rossi 9, 21100, Varese, Italy; Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via O. Rossi 9, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Chiaravalli
- Department of Pathology, Circolo Hospital ASST Settelaghi, via O. Rossi 9, 21100, Varese, Italy; Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via O. Rossi 9, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Anastasia Dell'Elice
- Unit of Functional Oncogenomics and Genetics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Via F. Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Roberta Maestro
- Unit of Functional Oncogenomics and Genetics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Via F. Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Elisa Pin
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, SciLifeLab, The Royal Institute of Technology KTH, Tomtebodavägen 23B, 171 65 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Zucchi, 18 - 20095 Cusano Milanino (MI); Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Franco Armelao
- U.O. Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia Digestiva, Ospedale S. Chiara, APSS, Via A. de Gasperi 79 - 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Alessandra Viel
- Unit of Functional Oncogenomics and Genetics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Via F. Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Tibiletti
- Department of Pathology, Circolo Hospital ASST Settelaghi, via O. Rossi 9, 21100, Varese, Italy; Research Center for the Study of Hereditary and Familial Tumors, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via O. Rossi 9, 21100, Varese, Italy
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Crippa M, Bestetti I, Maitz S, Weiss K, Spano A, Masciadri M, Smithson S, Larizza L, Low K, Cohen L, Finelli P. SETD5 Gene Haploinsufficiency in Three Patients With Suspected KBG Syndrome. Front Neurol 2020; 11:631. [PMID: 32793091 PMCID: PMC7393934 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mendelian disorders of the epigenetic machinery (MDEMs), also named chromatin modifying disorders, are a broad group of neurodevelopmental disorders, caused by mutations in functionally related chromatin genes. Mental retardation autosomal dominant 23 (MRD23) syndrome, due to SETD5 gene mutations, falls into this group of disorders. KBG syndrome, caused by ANKRD11 gene haploinsufficiency, is a chromatin related syndrome not formally belonging to this category. We performed high resolution array CGH and trio-based WES on three molecularly unsolved patients with an initial KBGS clinical diagnosis. A de novo deletion of 116 kb partially involving SETD5 and two de novo frameshift variants in SETD5 were identified in the patients. The clinical re-evaluation of the patients was consistent with the molecular findings, though still compatible with KBGS due to overlapping phenotypic features of KBGS and MRD23. Careful detailed expert phenotyping ascertained some facial and physical features that were consistent with MRD23 rather than KBGS. Our results provide further examples that loss-of-function pathogenic variants in genes encoding factors shaping the epigenetic landscape, lead to a wide phenotypic range with significant clinical overlap. We recommend that clinicians consider SETD5 gene haploinsufficiency in the differential diagnosis of KBGS. Due to overlap of clinical features, careful and detailed phenotyping is important and a large gene panel approach is recommended in the diagnostic workup of patients with a clinical suspicion of KBGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Crippa
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Maitz
- Clinical Pediatric Genetic Unit, Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione MBBM, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Karin Weiss
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alice Spano
- Clinical Pediatric Genetic Unit, Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione MBBM, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Maura Masciadri
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sarah Smithson
- Clinical Genetics, St. Michael's Hospital, University Hospitals NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Karen Low
- Clinical Genetics, St. Michael's Hospital, University Hospitals NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Lior Cohen
- Genetics Unit, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Palma Finelli
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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7
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Bestetti I, Castronovo C, Sironi A, Caslini C, Sala C, Rossetti R, Crippa M, Ferrari I, Pistocchi A, Toniolo D, Persani L, Marozzi A, Finelli P. High-resolution array-CGH analysis on 46,XX patients affected by early onset primary ovarian insufficiency discloses new genes involved in ovarian function. Hum Reprod 2020; 34:574-583. [PMID: 30689869 PMCID: PMC6389867 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Can high resolution array-CGH analysis on a cohort of women showing a primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) phenotype in young age identify copy number variants (CNVs) with a deleterious effect on ovarian function? SUMMARY ANSWER This approach has proved effective to clarify the role of CNVs in POI pathogenesis and to better unveil both novel candidate genes and pathogenic mechanisms. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY POI describes the progression toward the cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 years. Genetic causes are highly heterogeneous and despite several genes being associated with ovarian failure, most of genetic basis of POI still needs to be elucidated. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The current study included 67 46,XX patients with early onset POI (<19 years) and 134 control females recruited between 2012 and 2016 at the Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS High resolution array-CGH analysis was carried out on POI patients’ DNA. Results of patients and female controls were analyzed to search for rare CNVs. All variants were validated and subjected to a gene content analysis and disease gene prioritization based on the present literature to find out new ovary candidate genes. Case-control study with statistical analysis was carried out to validate our approach and evaluate any ovary CNVs/gene enrichment. Characterization of particular CNVs with molecular and functional studies was performed to assess their pathogenic involvement in POI. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE We identified 37 ovary-related CNVs involving 44 genes with a role in ovary in 32 patients. All except one of the selected CNVs were not observed in the control group. Possible involvement of the CNVs in POI pathogenesis was further corroborated by a case-control analysis that showed a significant enrichment of ovary-related CNVs/genes in patients (P = 0.0132; P = 0.0126). Disease gene prioritization identified both previously reported POI genes (e.g. BMP15, DIAPH2, CPEB1, BNC1) and new candidates supported by transcript and functional studies, such as TP63 with a role in oocyte genomic integrity and VLDLR which is involved in steroidogenesis. LARGE SCALE DATA ClinVar database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/); accession numbers SCV000787656 to SCV000787743. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This is a descriptive analysis for almost all of the CNVs identified. Inheritance studies of CNVs in some non-familial sporadic cases was not performed as the parents’ DNA samples were not available. Addionally, RT-qPCR analyses were carried out in few cases as RNA samples were not always available and the genes were not expressed in blood. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our array-CGH screening turned out to be efficient in identifying different CNVs possibly implicated in disease onset, thus supporting the extremely wide genetic heterogeneity of POI. Since almost 50% of cases are negative rare ovary-related CNVs, array-CGH together with next generation sequencing might represent the most suitable approach to obtain a comprehensive genetic characterization of POI patients. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) Supported by Italian Ministry of Health grants ‘Ricerca Corrente’ (08C203_2012) and ‘Ricerca Finalizzata’ (GR-2011-02351636, BIOEFFECT) to IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bestetti
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - C Castronovo
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Milan, Italy
| | - A Sironi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - C Caslini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - C Sala
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute and Vita Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - R Rossetti
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Milan, Italy
| | - M Crippa
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - I Ferrari
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Milan, Italy
| | - A Pistocchi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - D Toniolo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute and Vita Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - L Persani
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Marozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - P Finelli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
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Rossetti R, Ferrari I, Bestetti I, Moleri S, Brancati F, Petrone L, Finelli P, Persani L. Fundamental role of BMP15 in human ovarian folliculogenesis revealed by null and missense mutations associated with primary ovarian insufficiency. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:983-997. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.23988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Rossetti
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic ResearchIRCCS Istituto Auxologico ItalianoMilan Italy
| | - Ilaria Ferrari
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic ResearchIRCCS Istituto Auxologico ItalianoMilan Italy
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular GeneticsIstituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCSMilan Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanMilan Italy
| | - Silvia Moleri
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic ResearchIRCCS Istituto Auxologico ItalianoMilan Italy
| | - Francesco Brancati
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'Aquila Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell BiologyIstituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI) IRCCSRome Italy
| | - Luisa Petrone
- Dipartimento Medico‐Geriatico, EndocrinologiaAzienda ospedaliero‐Universitaria CareggiFirenze Italy
| | - Palma Finelli
- Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular GeneticsIstituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCSMilan Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanMilan Italy
| | - Luca Persani
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic ResearchIRCCS Istituto Auxologico ItalianoMilan Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community HealthUniversity of MilanMilan Italy
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9
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Catusi I, Recalcati MP, Bestetti I, Garzo M, Valtorta C, Alfonsi M, Alghisi A, Cappellani S, Casalone R, Caselli R, Ceccarini C, Ceglia C, Ciaschini AM, Coviello D, Crosti F, D'Aprile A, Fabretto A, Genesio R, Giagnacovo M, Granata P, Longo I, Malacarne M, Marseglia G, Montaldi A, Nardone AM, Palka C, Pecile V, Pessina C, Postorivo D, Redaelli S, Renieri A, Rigon C, Tiberi F, Tonelli M, Villa N, Zilio A, Zuccarello D, Novelli A, Larizza L, Giardino D. Testing single/combined clinical categories on 5110 Italian patients with developmental phenotypes to improve array-based detection rate. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 8:e1056. [PMID: 31851782 PMCID: PMC6978242 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) is nowadays widely used in the diagnostic path of patients with clinical phenotypes. However, there is no ascertained evidence to date on how to assemble single/combined clinical categories of developmental phenotypic findings to improve the array‐based detection rate. Methods The Italian Society of Human Genetics coordinated a retrospective study which included CMA results of 5,110 Italian patients referred to 17 genetics laboratories for variable combined clinical phenotypes. Results Non‐polymorphic copy number variants (CNVs) were identified in 1512 patients (30%) and 615 (32%) present in 552 patients (11%) were classified as pathogenic. CNVs were analysed according to type, size, inheritance pattern, distribution among chromosomes, and association to known syndromes. In addition, the evaluation of the detection rate of clinical subgroups of patients allowed to associate dysmorphisms and/or congenital malformations combined with any other single clinical sign to an increased detection rate, whereas non‐syndromic neurodevelopmental signs and non‐syndromic congenital malformations to a decreased detection rate. Conclusions Our retrospective study resulted in confirming the high detection rate of CMA and indicated new clinical markers useful to optimize their inclusion in the diagnostic and rehabilitative path of patients with developmental phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Catusi
- Lab. di Citogenetica Medica, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Lab. di Citogenetica Medica, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Garzo
- Lab. di Citogenetica Medica, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Valtorta
- Lab. di Citogenetica Medica, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Melissa Alfonsi
- U.O.C. di Genetica medica, Ospedale SS Annunziata, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alberta Alghisi
- U.O.S. Genetica e Biologia Molecolare, Azienda ULSS 6, Vicenza, Italy
| | | | - Rosario Casalone
- SMeL specializzato Citogenetica e Genetica Medica, ASST Sette Laghi, Osp. di Circolo e Fond. Macchi, Varese, Italy
| | - Rossella Caselli
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Ceglia
- UOSD Genetica Medica, AORN "SG Moscati", Avellino, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Ciaschini
- A.O.U. Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I - G.M.Lancisi - G.Salesi, Lab. Genetica Medica SOS Malattie Rare, Ancona, Italy
| | - Domenico Coviello
- Lab. di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Crosti
- U.S. Genetica Medica, Ospedale San Gerardo ASST Monza, Monza, Italy
| | | | | | - Rita Genesio
- U.O.C. di Citogenetica, A.O.U. Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Paola Granata
- SMeL specializzato Citogenetica e Genetica Medica, ASST Sette Laghi, Osp. di Circolo e Fond. Macchi, Varese, Italy
| | - Ilaria Longo
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Michela Malacarne
- Lab. di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Chiara Palka
- Dipartimento di Pediatria, Università G. D'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Vanna Pecile
- S.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Chiara Pessina
- SMeL specializzato Citogenetica e Genetica Medica, ASST Sette Laghi, Osp. di Circolo e Fond. Macchi, Varese, Italy
| | - Diana Postorivo
- U.O.C. Lab. di Genetica Medica, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Serena Redaelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Alessandra Renieri
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Chiara Rigon
- U.O.C. Genetica e Epidemiologia Clinica, A.O.U. di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabiola Tiberi
- A.O.U. Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I - G.M.Lancisi - G.Salesi, Lab. Genetica Medica SOS Malattie Rare, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mariella Tonelli
- LCGM Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale, Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Villa
- U.S. Genetica Medica, Ospedale San Gerardo ASST Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Anna Zilio
- U.O.S. Genetica e Biologia Molecolare, Azienda ULSS 6, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Daniela Zuccarello
- U.O.C. Genetica e Epidemiologia Clinica, A.O.U. di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- U.O.C. Laboratorio di Genetica Medica, Ospedale Pediatrico del Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Lab. di Citogenetica Medica, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela Giardino
- Lab. di Citogenetica Medica, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
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Crippa M, Bonati MT, Calzari L, Picinelli C, Gervasini C, Sironi A, Bestetti I, Guzzetti S, Bellone S, Selicorni A, Mussa A, Riccio A, Ferrero GB, Russo S, Larizza L, Finelli P. Molecular Etiology Disclosed by Array CGH in Patients With Silver-Russell Syndrome or Similar Phenotypes. Front Genet 2019; 10:955. [PMID: 31749829 PMCID: PMC6843062 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Silver–Russell syndrome (SRS) is an imprinting disorder primarily caused by genetic and epigenetic aberrations on chromosomes 11 and 7. SRS is a rare growth retardation disorder often misdiagnosed due to its heterogeneous and non-specific clinical features. The Netchine–Harbison clinical scoring system (NH-CSS) is the recommended tool for differentiating patients into clinical SRS or unlikely SRS. However, the clinical diagnosis is molecularly confirmed only in about 60% of patients, leaving the remaining substantial proportion of SRS patients with unknown genetic etiology. Materials and Methods: A cohort of 34 Italian patients with SRS or SRS-like features scored according to the NH-CSS and without any SRS-associated (epi)genetic alterations was analyzed by high-resolution array-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in order to identify potentially pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs). Results and Discussion: In seven patients, making up 21% of the initial cohort, five pathogenic and two potentially pathogenic CNVs were found involving distinct genomic regions either previously associated with growth delay conditions (1q24.3-q25.3, 17p13.3, 17q22, and 22q11.2-q11.22) and with SRS spectrum (7p12.1 and 7p15.3-p14.3) or outlined for the first time (19q13.42), providing a better definition of reported and as yet unreported SRS overlapping syndromes. All the variants involve genes with a defined role in growth pathways, and for two genes mapping at 7p, IGF2BP3 and GRB10, the association with SRS turns out to be reinforced. The deleterious effect of the two potentially pathogenic variants, comprising GRB10 and ZNF331 genes, was explored by targeted approaches, though further studies are needed to validate their pathogenic role in the SRS etiology. In conclusion, we reconfirm the utility of performing a genome-wide scan to achieve a differential diagnosis in patients with SRS or similar features and to highlight novel chromosome alterations associated with SRS and growth retardation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Crippa
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Bonati
- Clinic of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luciano Calzari
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Picinelli
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Gervasini
- Medical Genetics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sironi
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Guzzetti
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simonetta Bellone
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Mussa
- Department of Pediatric and Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Riccio
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Caserta, Italy.,Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Russo
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Palma Finelli
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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11
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Bonati MT, Castronovo C, Sironi A, Zimbalatti D, Bestetti I, Crippa M, Novelli A, Loddo S, Dentici ML, Taylor J, Devillard F, Larizza L, Finelli P. 9q34.3 microduplications lead to neurodevelopmental disorders through EHMT1 overexpression. Neurogenetics 2019; 20:145-154. [PMID: 31209758 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-019-00581-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Both copy number losses and gains occur within subtelomeric 9q34 region without common breakpoints. The microdeletions cause Kleefstra syndrome (KS), whose responsible gene is EHMT1. A 9q34 duplication syndrome (9q34 DS) had been reported in literature, but it has never been characterized by a detailed molecular analysis of the gene content and endpoints. To the best of our knowledge, we report on the first patient carrying the smallest 9q34.3 duplication containing EHMT1 as the only relevant gene. We compared him with 21 reported patients described here as carrying 9q34.3 duplications encompassing the entire gene and extending within ~ 3 Mb. By surveying the available clinical and molecular cytogenetic data, we were able to discover that similar neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) were shared by patient carriers of even very differently sized duplications. Moreover, some facial features of the 9q34 DS were more represented than those of KS. However, an accurate in silico analysis of the genes mapped in all the duplications allowed us to support EHMT1 as being sufficient to cause a NDD phenotype. Wider patient cohorts are needed to ascertain whether the rearrangements have full causative role or simply confer the susceptibility to NDDs and possibly to identify the cognitive and behavioral profile associated with the increased dosage of EHMT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Bonati
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Clinic of Medical Genetics, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149, Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Castronovo
- Research Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20145, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sironi
- Research Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20145, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, 20090, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Zimbalatti
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Clinic of Medical Genetics, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Research Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20145, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, 20090, Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Crippa
- Research Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20145, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, 20090, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Loddo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Lisa Dentici
- Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Juliet Taylor
- Genetic Health Service New Zealand - Northern Hub, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Françoise Devillard
- Département de Génétique et Procréation Hôpital Couple-Enfant, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Research Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20145, Milan, Italy
| | - Palma Finelli
- Research Lab of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20145, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, 20090, Milan, Italy
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Bestetti I, Sironi A, Catusi I, Mariani M, Giardino D, Manoukian S, Milani D, Larizza L, Castronovo C, Finelli P. 13q mosaic deletion including RB1 associated to mild phenotype and no cancer outcome - case report and review of the literature. Mol Cytogenet 2018; 11:53. [PMID: 30250511 PMCID: PMC6148795 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-018-0401-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The 13q deletion syndrome is a rare chromosome disorder associated with wide phenotypic spectrum, which is related to size and location of the deleted region and includes intellectual disability, growth retardation, craniofacial dysmorphisms, congenital malformations, and increased risk of retinoblastoma. Case presentation Here, we report on a teenage boy with a mild phenotype characterized by obesity, hyperactivity, dysphagia, dysgraphia, sleep disturbance, and minor dysmorphic features (round face, bushy eyebrows, and stubby hands). Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization on blood identified a mosaic 13q14.13-13q31.1 deletion, with a mosaicism rate around 40%, which was confirmed by quantitative PCR and interphase Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (iFISH) on both blood genomic DNA and cultured/uncultured blood lymphocytes, respectively. Conversely, karyotype analysis on blood estimated a mosaicism rate of 24% and iFISH on buccal smears revealed a borderline value of 0.4%, suggesting the absence of 13q deletion in this cell line. Conclusions The comparison with previous patients carrying similar deletions informed that the proband clinical presentation is the mildest reported to date, thus supporting the burden of mosaicism in modulating the phenotype also in case of large chromosomal rearrangements. Characterization of further cases by in-depth mosaicism rate in tissues with different embryonic origins might contribute in the future to a better definition of genotype-phenotype correlation, including tumor risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Bestetti
- 1Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, 20145 Milan, Italy.,2Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sironi
- 1Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, 20145 Milan, Italy.,2Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Catusi
- 1Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Mariani
- 3Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Giardino
- 1Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- 3Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Donatella Milani
- 4Medical Genetics Unit, Pediatric Highly Intensive Care, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Lidia Larizza
- 1Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Castronovo
- 1Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Palma Finelli
- 1Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, 20145 Milan, Italy.,2Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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13
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Crippa M, Giangiobbe S, Villa R, Bestetti I, De Filippis T, Fatti L, Taurino J, Larizza L, Persani L, Bellini F, Finelli P, Bonati MT. A balanced reciprocal translocation t(10;15)(q22.3;q26.1) interrupting ACAN gene in a family with proportionate short stature. J Endocrinol Invest 2018; 41:929-936. [PMID: 29302920 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-017-0819-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Few examples of the involvement of a single gene in idiopathic short stature have been described until now. Our aim was to identify the causative gene of proportionate short stature in a large family showing co-segregation of the phenotype with the reciprocal translocation t(10;15)(q22;q24). METHODS FISH mapping was carried out with BACs and long-range PCR probes to identify the smallest genomic regions harboring the translocation breakpoints. Real-Time RT-PCR was performed in blood after pre-amplification of target genes cDNA. RESULT The affected family members presented with a final height of between - 2.41 and - 4.18 SDS and very mild skeletal dysmorphisms. Growth rates of the proband and of her cousin, whose childhood and pre-pubertal bone age corresponded to the chronological age, showed a poor growth spurt during treatment with rhGH. However, their adult height was greater than that of their untreated mothers, suggesting efficacy of GH therapy. Breakpoint mapping revealed that the translocation t(10;15)(q22.3;q26.1) disrupts, on 15q, the ACAN gene at intron 1, decreasing its transcriptional expression. CONCLUSIONS This is the first description of a chromosome rearrangement disrupting ACAN and leading to its haploinsufficiency. ACAN loss of function should be considered a potential underpinning of short patients who display a poor growth spurt and belong to families with autosomal dominant segregation of proportionate short stature. Besides this core phenotype, literature review suggests that advanced bone age, early onset osteochondritis dissecans, osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc disease as well as craniofacial dysmorphisms can be important suggestive phenotypes in affected families.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Crippa
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, 20145, Milan, Italy
| | - S Giangiobbe
- Clinic of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149, Milan, Italy
| | - R Villa
- Clinic of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149, Milan, Italy
| | - I Bestetti
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, 20145, Milan, Italy
| | - T De Filippis
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research and Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCSS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149, Milan, Italy
| | - L Fatti
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research and Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCSS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149, Milan, Italy
| | - J Taurino
- Clinic of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149, Milan, Italy
| | - L Larizza
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, 20145, Milan, Italy
| | - L Persani
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research and Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCSS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinic Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi, Milan, via Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - F Bellini
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Casa di Cura Capitanio, via Giuseppe Mercalli 28, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - P Finelli
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, 20145, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi, Milan, via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20090, Milan, Italy
| | - M T Bonati
- Clinic of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, 20149, Milan, Italy.
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Roversi G, Picinelli C, Bestetti I, Crippa M, Perotti D, Ciceri S, Saccheri F, Collini P, Poliani PL, Catania S, Peissel B, Pagni F, Russo S, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Finelli P. Constitutional de novo deletion of the FBXW7 gene in a patient with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and multiple primitive tumors. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15454. [PMID: 26482194 PMCID: PMC4612309 DOI: 10.1038/srep15454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple primary malignant neoplasms are rare entities in the clinical setting, but represent an important issue in the clinical management of patients since they could be expression of a genetic predisposition to malignancy. A high resolution genome wide array CGH led us to identify the first case of a de novo constitutional deletion confined to the FBXW7 gene, a well known tumor suppressor, in a patient with a syndromic phenotype characterized by focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and multiple primary early/atypical onset tumors, including Hodgkin's lymphoma, Wilms tumor and breast cancer. Other genetic defects may be associated with patient's phenotype. In this light, constitutional mutations at BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, PALB2 and WT1 genes were excluded by performing sequencing and MLPA analysis; similarly, we ruled out constitutional abnormalities at the imprinted 11p15 region by methylation specific -MLPA assay. Our observations sustain the role of FBXW7 as cancer predisposition gene and expand the spectrum of its possible associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Roversi
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Medical Genetics Lab, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Chiara Picinelli
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Crippa
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Perotti
- Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing Unit, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Ciceri
- Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing Unit, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Collini
- Soft Tissue and Bone Pathology, Histopathology and Pediatric Pathology Unit, Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro L Poliani
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Serena Catania
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Pagni
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Silvia Russo
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Palma Finelli
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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15
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Crippa M, Rusconi D, Castronovo C, Bestetti I, Russo S, Cereda A, Selicorni A, Larizza L, Finelli P. Familial intragenic duplication of ANKRD11 underlying three patients of KBG syndrome. Mol Cytogenet 2015; 8:20. [PMID: 25838844 PMCID: PMC4383199 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-015-0126-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND KBG syndrome, a rare autosomal disorder characterised by distinctive craniofacial and skeletal features and developmental delay, is caused by haploinsufficiency of the ANKRD11 gene. RESULTS Here we describe two siblings with multiple symptoms characteristic of KBG and their mother with a milder phenotype. In the siblings, array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) identified an intragenic microduplication affecting ANKRD11 that was absent from the parents' array CGH profiles. Microsatellite analysis revealed the maternal origin of the rearrangement and interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization (i-FISH) experiments identified the rearrangement in low-level mosaicism in the mother. Molecular characterisation of the duplication allele demonstrated the presence of two mutant ANKRD11 transcripts containing a premature stop codon and predicting a truncated non-functional protein. CONCLUSIONS Similarly to deletions and point mutations, this novel pathogenetic rearrangement causes haploinsufficiency of ANKRD11, resulting in KBG syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Crippa
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, Milano, 20145 Italy
| | - Daniela Rusconi
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, Milano, 20145 Italy
| | - Chiara Castronovo
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, Milano, 20145 Italy
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, Milano, 20145 Italy ; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Viotti 3/5, Milano, 20133 Italy
| | - Silvia Russo
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, Milano, 20145 Italy
| | - Anna Cereda
- U.O.S Clinical Genetics and Pediatrics, MBBM Foundation San Gerardo Hospital, Via G. Pergolesi, 33, Monza, (MB) 20052 Italy
| | - Angelo Selicorni
- U.O.S Clinical Genetics and Pediatrics, MBBM Foundation San Gerardo Hospital, Via G. Pergolesi, 33, Monza, (MB) 20052 Italy
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, Milano, 20145 Italy
| | - Palma Finelli
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, Milano, 20145 Italy ; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Viotti 3/5, Milano, 20133 Italy
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Castronovo C, Crippa M, Bestetti I, Rusconi D, Russo S, Larizza L, Sangermani R, Bonati MT, Finelli P. Complexde novochromosomal rearrangement at 15q11-q13 involving an intrachromosomal triplication in a patient with a severe neuropsychological phenotype: Clinical report and review of the literature. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 167A:221-30. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Castronovo
- Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano; Milano Italy
| | - Milena Crippa
- Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano; Milano Italy
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano; Milano Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine; University of Milan; Milano Italy
| | - Daniela Rusconi
- Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano; Milano Italy
| | - Silvia Russo
- Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano; Milano Italy
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano; Milano Italy
- Medical Genetics; Department of Health Sciences; University of Milan; Milano Italy
| | | | - Maria Teresa Bonati
- Clinic of Clinical Genetics; San Luca Hospital; IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano; Milano Italy
| | - Palma Finelli
- Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics; IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano; Milano Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine; University of Milan; Milano Italy
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17
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Crippa M, Bestetti I, Perotti M, Castronovo C, Tabano S, Picinelli C, Grassi G, Larizza L, Pincelli AI, Finelli P. New case of trichorinophalangeal syndrome-like phenotype with a de novo t(2;8)(p16.1;q23.3) translocation which does not disrupt the TRPS1 gene. BMC Med Genet 2014; 15:52. [PMID: 24886451 PMCID: PMC4081657 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-15-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome (TRPS) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterised by distinctive craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities. TRPS is generally associated with mutations in the TRPS1 gene at 8q23.3 or microdeletions of the 8q23.3-q24.11 region. However, three deletions affecting the same chromosome region and a familial translocation t(8;13) co-segregating with TRPS, which do not encompass or disrupt the TRPS1 gene, have been reported. A deregulated expression of TRPS1 has been hypothesised as cause of the TRPS phenotype of these patients. CASE PRESENTATION We report the clinical and molecular characterisation of a 57-year-old Caucasian woman carrying the t(2;8)(p16.1;q23.3) de novo balanced translocation. The proband presented with peculiar clinical features (severe craniofacial dysmorphism, alopecia universalis, severe scoliosis, mitral valve prolapse, mild mental impairment and normal growth parameters) that partially overlap with TRPS I. Mutational and array CGH analyses ruled out any genetic defect affecting TRPS1 or genomic alteration at the translocation breakpoint or elsewhere in the genome. Breakpoint mapping excluded disruption of TRPS1, and revealed that the chromosome 8q23.3 breakpoint was located within the IVS10 of the long intergenic non-coding RNA LINC00536, at approximately 300 kb from the TRPS1 5' end. Conversely, the 2p16.1 breakpoint mapped within a LINE sequence, in a region that lacks transcriptional regulatory elements. As a result of the translocation, nucleotide base pair additions and deletions were detected at both breakpoint junction fragments, and an evolutionarily conserved VISTA enhancer element from 2p16.1 was relocated at approximately 325 kb from the TRPS1 promoter. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that the disruption of the genomic architecture of cis regulatory elements downstream the TRPS1 5' region, combined with the translocation of a novel enhancer element nearby TRPS1, might be the pathogenetic mechanism underpinning the proband's phenotype. The clinical and genetic characterisation of the present subject allowed us to make a genetic diagnosis in the context of a known syndrome, contributing to a better comprehension of the complex transcriptional regulation of TRPS1 and TRPS ethiopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Crippa
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, via Ariosto 13, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, via Ariosto 13, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Viotti 3/5, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Perotti
- Medical Clinic, Hospital San Gerardo, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, via Pergolesi 33, Italy
| | - Chiara Castronovo
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, via Ariosto 13, Italy
| | - Silvia Tabano
- Department of Pathophysiology Medical-Surgical and Transplant, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, via Sforza 35, Italy
| | - Chiara Picinelli
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, via Ariosto 13, Italy
| | - Guido Grassi
- Medical Clinic, Hospital San Gerardo, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, via Pergolesi 33, Italy
- IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Via Milanese 300, Italy
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, via Ariosto 13, Italy
- Medical Genetics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, via Rudini 8, Italy
| | - Angela Ida Pincelli
- Medical Clinic, Hospital San Gerardo, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, via Pergolesi 33, Italy
| | - Palma Finelli
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, via Ariosto 13, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Viotti 3/5, Milan, Italy
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