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Ornaghi S, Fernicola F, Marelli E, Perotti M, Di Gennaro F, Cameroni I, Mariani EM, Pincelli AI, Colciago E, Cetin I, Vergani P. Acute spontaneous non-hemorrhagic adrenal infarction in pregnancy: case-report and literature review. Gynecol Endocrinol 2023; 39:2234492. [PMID: 37486308 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2023.2234492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Unilateral non-hemorrhagic adrenal infarction (NHAI) is a very uncommon cause of acute abdomen in pregnancy. Diagnosis is highly challenging due to its rarity, heterogeneity of clinical presentation, and inconclusiveness of the initial workup. Timely recognition is pivotal to ensuring optimal outcomes. Here we describe a case of spontaneous unilateral NHAI diagnosed in a singleton pregnant woman at 32 weeks' gestation at our centre and provide the findings of an extensive literature review on the topic. We identified 22 articles describing 31 NHAI cases in 30 obstetric patients: NHAI occurs more frequently on the right side and in the third trimester, and diagnosis is formulated more than 24 h after clinical presentation in 50% of cases; second-level imaging is always necessary to reach a definitive diagnosis and start appropriate treatment. A high degree of clinical suspicion is needed to promptly recognize NHAI in pregnancy, thus allowing appropriate multidisciplinary management and timely treatment initiation. Promotion of knowledge and awareness of NHAI as a potential cause of acute abdomen in pregnancy is mandatory to improve clinical practice and, ultimately, perinatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ornaghi
- Department of Obstetrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
- University of Milan-Bicocca School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy
| | - Federica Fernicola
- Department of Obstetrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
- University of Milan-Bicocca School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Marelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Woman, Mother, and Neonate, Buzzi Children's Hospital-ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Perotti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Irene Cameroni
- Department of Obstetrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Eloisa M Mariani
- Department of Obstetrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Angela I Pincelli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Irene Cetin
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Woman, Mother, and Neonate, Buzzi Children's Hospital-ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Vergani
- Department of Obstetrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
- University of Milan-Bicocca School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza, Italy
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2
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Pincelli AI, Perotti M, Massariello F, Gatti A, Calella D, Cimino V, Haas J, Bellelli G, Mazzola P, Annoni G. A Rare Diagnosis After the Fall of a 96-Year-Old Woman: Doege-Potter Syndrome. Curr Aging Sci 2018; 11:195-200. [PMID: 30520387 PMCID: PMC6388424 DOI: 10.2174/1874609812666181205142247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Doege-Potter Syndrome (DPS) is a rare but life-threatening paraneoplastic syndrome, characterized by Non-Islet Cell Tumor-Induced Hypoglycemia (NICTH) secondary to a Solitary Fibrous Tumor (SFT), which secretes an incompletely processed form of Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (IGF-2). RESULTS A 96-year-old woman was admitted with head trauma due to an accidental fall. During her hospital stay she experienced frequent hypoglycemic episodes. Multiple injections of 33% dextrose and continuous infusion with 10% dextrose were required to maintain normal blood glucose levels. Biochemical analyses revealed hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia, low C-peptide levels, suppressed insulin-like growth factor-1, normal insulin-like growth factor-2, and an elevated IGF-2:IGF-1 ratio, all consistent with IGF-2 secretion by a non-islet cell tumor. A contrast-enhanced chest and abdominal CT scans showed a single large pleural mass in the left lower hemithorax measuring 15x14 cm without secondary lesions. Histological analysis of biopsied specimens suggested a solitary fibrous pleural tumor; accordingly, a diagnosis of Doege-Potter syndrome was considered. Due to extensive tumor burden and the advanced age of the patient, supportive and non-invasive management was chosen. Dexamethasone therapy was started, and while receiving this therapy she was able to discontinue glucose infusion and successfully maintain euglycemia. DISCUSSION In the elderly, a sudden and unexplained fall can be the expression of severe hypoglycemia, usually as a complication of insulin therapy or of oral hypoglycemic agents administered to patients with diabetes. However, in patients without diabetes, other causes should be investigated, and the hypothesis of neoplastic diseases should be considered. CONCLUSION In this case report we describe an uncommon cause of paraneoplastic hypoglycemia occurring in the oldest patient with a non-islet cell tumor reported thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Ida Pincelli
- San Gerardo Hospital ASST Monza, Division of Internal Medicine, Monza, Italy
| | - Mario Perotti
- San Gerardo Hospital ASST Monza, Division of Internal Medicine, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Gatti
- University of Milano-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza (MB), Italy
| | - Damiano Calella
- San Gerardo Hospital ASST Monza, Division of Internal Medicine, Monza, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cimino
- San Gerardo Hospital ASST Monza, Division of Internal Medicine, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Bellelli
- University of Milano-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza (MB), Italy.,Acute Geriatrics Unit, Monza (MB), Italy.,NeuroMI - Milan Center for Neuroscience, Clinical Neurosciences Research Area, Milano (MI), Italy
| | - Paolo Mazzola
- University of Milano-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza (MB), Italy.,NeuroMI - Milan Center for Neuroscience, Clinical Neurosciences Research Area, Milano (MI), Italy
| | - Giorgio Annoni
- University of Milano-Bicocca, School of Medicine and Surgery, Monza (MB), Italy.,Acute Geriatrics Unit, Monza (MB), Italy.,NeuroMI - Milan Center for Neuroscience, Clinical Neurosciences Research Area, Milano (MI), Italy
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3
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Rigamonti AE, Bini S, Rocco MC, Giardini V, Massimini D, Crippa MG, Saluzzi A, Casati M, Marazzi N, Perotti M, Cimino V, Grassi G, Sartorio A, Pincelli AI. Post-prandial anorexigenic gut peptide, appetite and glucometabolic responses at different eating rates in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Endocrine 2017; 55:113-123. [PMID: 27022941 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0933-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although different hypotheses have been proposed, the underlying mechanism(s) of the weight loss induced by laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is still unknown. The aim of this study was to determine whether eating the same meal at different rates (fast vs. slow feeding) evokes different post-prandial anorexigenic gut peptide responses in ten obese patients undergoing LSG. Circulating levels of GLP-1, PYY, glucose, insulin and triglycerides were measured before and 3 months after LSG. Visual analogue scales were used to evaluate the subjective feelings of hunger and satiety. Irrespective of the operative state, either fast or slow feeding did not stimulate GLP-1 release (vs. 0 min); plasma levels of PYY were increased (vs. 0 min) by fast and slow feeding only after LSG. There were no differences in post-prandial levels of GLP-1 when comparing fast to slow feeding or pre-to-post-operative state. Plasma levels of PYY after fast or slow feeding were higher in post, rather than pre-operative state, with no differences when comparing PYY release after fast and slow feeding. Hunger and satiety were decreased and increased, respectively, (vs. 0 min) by food intake. Fast feeding evoked a higher satiety than slow feeding in both pre- and post-operative states, with no differences in hunger. In both pre- and post-operative states, there were similar responses for hunger and satiety after food intake. Finally, LSG improved insulin resistance after either fast or slow feeding. These (negative) findings would suggest a negligible contribution of the anorexigenic gut peptide responses in LSG-induced weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Emilio Rigamonti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via Vanvitelli, 32, 20129, Milan, Italy.
| | - Silvia Bini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via Vanvitelli, 32, 20129, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Rocco
- Division of Internal Medicine, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Vittorio Giardini
- Division of Bariatric Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Diego Massimini
- Division of Bariatric Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Crippa
- Division of Internal Medicine, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Antonella Saluzzi
- Division of Internal Medicine, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Marco Casati
- Laboratory of Chemical and Clinical Analyses, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Marazzi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Milan, Verbania, Italy
| | - Mario Perotti
- Division of Internal Medicine, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cimino
- Division of Internal Medicine, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Guido Grassi
- Division of Internal Medicine, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Milan, Verbania, Italy
| | - Angela Ida Pincelli
- Division of Internal Medicine, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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4
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Canzi P, Manfrin M, Locatelli G, Nopp P, Perotti M, Benazzo M. Development of a novel Italian speech-in-noise test using a roving-level adaptive method: adult population-based normative data. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2016; 36:506-512. [PMID: 28177334 PMCID: PMC5317131 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-1133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent years the increasing development of hearing devices has led to a critical analysis of the standard methods employed to evaluate hearing function. Being too far from reality, conventional investigation of hearing loss based on pure-tone threshold audiometry and on mono/disyllabic word lists, presented in quiet conditions, has been shown to be inadequate. A speech-in-noise test using a roving-level adaptive method employs target and competing signals varying in level in order to reproduce everyday life speaking conditions and explore a more complete sound range. Up to now, only few roving-level adaptive tests have been published in the literature. We conducted a rovinglevel adaptive test in healthy Italian adults to produce new normative data on a language of Latin origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Canzi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Italy
| | - M. Manfrin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Italy
| | - G. Locatelli
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Italy
| | - P. Nopp
- MEDEL GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M. Perotti
- SS Otoprotesica, Implanting Center Regione Piemonte, Ospedale Civile SS Antonio and Biagio e C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - M. Benazzo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Italy
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Manzoni M, Roversi G, Di Bella C, Pincelli AI, Cimino V, Perotti M, Garancini M, Pagni F. Solid cell nests of the thyroid gland: morphological, immunohistochemical and genetic features. Histopathology 2015; 68:866-74. [PMID: 26334919 DOI: 10.1111/his.12858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The correct identification of solid cell nests (SCNs) is an important issue in thyroid pathology because of the spectrum of differential diagnoses of this type of lesion. METHODS AND RESULTS Ten cases of 295 consecutive thyroidectomies showed the presence of SCNs at histological examination. The identification of the exact SCN type required the distinction of the cystic and solid pattern; SCNs were usually composed of a mixture of main cells (MCs) and C-cells (CCs). The immunohistochemical calcitonin stain identified CCs easily, both inside SCNs and dispersed in islets at the periphery. For the characterization of MCs, we added the utility of p40 to p63. The use of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) helped in their identification, as MCs did not react with this marker; the combination of TTF-1 and p40 or p63 IHC stains was useful for the characterization of cystic SCNs of both types 3 and 4. The negativity of mouse monoclonal mesothelioma antibody (HMBE-1) and a very low proliferative index (MIB-1) supported the diagnosis. [Correction added on 23 November 2015, after online publication: MIB-1 was incorrectly defined, the expanded form was deleted.] We discourage the use of galectin-3 (Gal-3) and cytokeratin-19 (CK-19), as they have an important overlap with papillary thyroid carcinoma. The complete absence of any B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) mutations is an additional fundamental finding. CONCLUSIONS We reviewed the most relevant morphological and immunohistochemical features of SCNs and have provided a genetic analysis of the BRAF gene because of its expanding use in thyroid pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Manzoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Pathology, University Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Gaia Roversi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Genetics, University Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Cimino
- Department of Endocrinology, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Mario Perotti
- Department of Endocrinology, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Pagni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Pathology, University Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Bertuccio A, Perotti M, Sorrentino R, Versari P, Barbanera A. Employment of Cochlear Implant in Skull Base Surgery: Our Experience. Skull Base Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1384107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Crippa M, Bestetti I, Perotti M, Castronovo C, Tabano S, Picinelli C, Grassi G, Larizza L, Pincelli AI, Finelli P. New case of trichorinophalangeal syndrome-like phenotype with a de novo t(2;8)(p16.1;q23.3) translocation which does not disrupt the TRPS1 gene. BMC Med Genet 2014; 15:52. [PMID: 24886451 PMCID: PMC4081657 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-15-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome (TRPS) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterised by distinctive craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities. TRPS is generally associated with mutations in the TRPS1 gene at 8q23.3 or microdeletions of the 8q23.3-q24.11 region. However, three deletions affecting the same chromosome region and a familial translocation t(8;13) co-segregating with TRPS, which do not encompass or disrupt the TRPS1 gene, have been reported. A deregulated expression of TRPS1 has been hypothesised as cause of the TRPS phenotype of these patients. CASE PRESENTATION We report the clinical and molecular characterisation of a 57-year-old Caucasian woman carrying the t(2;8)(p16.1;q23.3) de novo balanced translocation. The proband presented with peculiar clinical features (severe craniofacial dysmorphism, alopecia universalis, severe scoliosis, mitral valve prolapse, mild mental impairment and normal growth parameters) that partially overlap with TRPS I. Mutational and array CGH analyses ruled out any genetic defect affecting TRPS1 or genomic alteration at the translocation breakpoint or elsewhere in the genome. Breakpoint mapping excluded disruption of TRPS1, and revealed that the chromosome 8q23.3 breakpoint was located within the IVS10 of the long intergenic non-coding RNA LINC00536, at approximately 300 kb from the TRPS1 5' end. Conversely, the 2p16.1 breakpoint mapped within a LINE sequence, in a region that lacks transcriptional regulatory elements. As a result of the translocation, nucleotide base pair additions and deletions were detected at both breakpoint junction fragments, and an evolutionarily conserved VISTA enhancer element from 2p16.1 was relocated at approximately 325 kb from the TRPS1 promoter. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that the disruption of the genomic architecture of cis regulatory elements downstream the TRPS1 5' region, combined with the translocation of a novel enhancer element nearby TRPS1, might be the pathogenetic mechanism underpinning the proband's phenotype. The clinical and genetic characterisation of the present subject allowed us to make a genetic diagnosis in the context of a known syndrome, contributing to a better comprehension of the complex transcriptional regulation of TRPS1 and TRPS ethiopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Crippa
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, via Ariosto 13, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bestetti
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, via Ariosto 13, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Viotti 3/5, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Perotti
- Medical Clinic, Hospital San Gerardo, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, via Pergolesi 33, Italy
| | - Chiara Castronovo
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, via Ariosto 13, Italy
| | - Silvia Tabano
- Department of Pathophysiology Medical-Surgical and Transplant, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, via Sforza 35, Italy
| | - Chiara Picinelli
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, via Ariosto 13, Italy
| | - Guido Grassi
- Medical Clinic, Hospital San Gerardo, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, via Pergolesi 33, Italy
- IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Via Milanese 300, Italy
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, via Ariosto 13, Italy
- Medical Genetics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, via Rudini 8, Italy
| | - Angela Ida Pincelli
- Medical Clinic, Hospital San Gerardo, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, via Pergolesi 33, Italy
| | - Palma Finelli
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, via Ariosto 13, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Viotti 3/5, Milan, Italy
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Perotti M, Perra S, Saluzzi A, Grassi G, Pincelli AI. Body fat mass is a strong and negative predictor of peak stimulated growth hormone and bone mineral density in healthy adolescents during transition period. Horm Metab Res 2013; 45:748-53. [PMID: 23913118 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1347243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The adipose tissue has detrimental effects on growth hormone secretion, even in the absence of obesity. The majority of previous studies have shown an inverse relationship between fat mass and the growth hormone response to several stimulation tests in adults and in children. The contribution of body fat mass on growth hormone response to provocative tests during the transition age is not known. We analyzed the GH-IGF1 axis by GHRH-arginine test in 30 healthy adolescents with normal stature during the transition period from 14 to 18 years. All subjects underwent body composition analysis by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We found that total body fat mass was inversely correlated with peak GH to provocative test (r=-0.6, p=0.004). GH deficiency was shown in 2 of our healthy patients if diagnosis was based on GH peak below 19 μg/l. Both children who failed the GHRH-arginine were overweight (BMI for age above 85th percentile). However, their GH status was normal when assessed by insulin tolerance test. Multivariate analysis demonstrated strong correlation between peak stimulated GH and measures of body adiposity, including body mass index and fat mass index, with the latter showing the most important effect on GH secretion. Fat mass index alone explained 34.5% of the variability in peak GH. This study has shown for the first time that during the transition period, GH response to GHRH-arginine test is strongly influenced by body composition, and cutoff values appropriate for overweight and obese adolescents are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Perotti
- Clinica Medica, Università Milano-Bicocca, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
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9
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Rigamonti AE, Sartorio A, Bonomo SM, Giunta M, Grassi G, Perotti M, Cella SG, Müller EE, Pincelli AI. Effect of a somatostatin infusion on circulating levels of adipokines in obese women. Metabolism 2012; 61:1797-802. [PMID: 22784430 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2012.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Changes in circulating levels of many adipocyte-derived peptides, including adipokines such as adiponectin, leptin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), have been reported in obesity (OB). Somatostatin (SRIF) inhibits circulating levels of adiponectin and leptin in lean (LN) subjects, but the effect of a SRIF infusion on these adipokines, including TNF-α, in OB is to date unknown. METHODS Ten young women (5 OB and 5 LN) were studied. All subjects underwent an infusion of SRIF (9 μg/kg/h i.v., over 60 min), with blood samples drawn prior to and at different time intervals after SRIF administration. Plasma levels of adiponectin, leptin and TNF-α were measured at each interval. RESULTS Basal levels of leptin and TNF-α were significantly higher in OB than LN women, whereas levels of adiponectin were significantly lower in OB than LN subjects. SRIF significantly inhibited plasma concentrations of adiponectin (at 60 min) in both OB and LN women, without affecting those of leptin and TNF-α in either group. In LN subjects, the inhibitory effect of SRIF on plasma adiponectin persisted up to 150 min, whereas SRIF infusion withdrawal in OB women resulted in a prompt restoration of basal levels of the adipokine. CONCLUSIONS Plasma concentrations of leptin and TNF-α, which are higher in OB than LN subjects, are unaffected by a SRIF infusion, which, in contrast, inhibits circulating levels of adiponectin in both groups, with a delayed return to the baseline secretion of the adipokine in LN subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello E Rigamonti
- University of Milan, Department of Medical Pharmacology, via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy.
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10
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Perotti M, Caumo A, Brunani A, Cambiaghi N, Casati M, Scacchi M, Perra S, Rocco C, Mancia G, Grassi G, Cavagnini F, Pincelli AI. Postprandial triglyceride profile after a standardized oral fat load is altered in growth hormone (GH)-deficient adult patients and is not improved after short-term GH replacement therapy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2012; 77:721-7. [PMID: 22519803 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04416.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adult growth hormone deficiency (GHD) has detrimental effects on metabolic profile, leading to an increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Above all, disturbance in postprandial triglyceride metabolism is of major concern because of the crucial role of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in atherogenesis. The majority of previous studies on GH replacement have shown favourable changes in the fasting lipid profile. Aim of this study is to investigate whether this beneficial effect is exerted also on postprandial triglyceride (TG) metabolism. PATIENTS AND METHODS We challenged nine GHD patients with a standardized fat loading meal at baseline and after 6 months of GH replacement therapy. Nine healthy control subjects were similarly tested under baseline conditions. Blood samples were obtained before and up to 8 h after fat loading for serum lipid analysis. RESULTS We found that GHD patients with fasting TG level in the normal range (1·29 ± 0·31 mm) had a delayed postprandial TG clearance compared to healthy controls (triglyceride level at 8 h, 3·82 ± 0·83 vs 1 ± 0·06 mm P < 0·01), and the postprandial hypertriglyceridaemia was not corrected by 6 months of GH therapy. CONCLUSIONS This study has shown for the first time that GHD adult patients have a higher postprandial triglyceridaemia compared to healthy controls when challenged by a standardized fat load and that this atherogenic feature is not normalized by short-term GH treatment despite a decrease in visceral fat mass described during the replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Perotti
- Clinica Medica, Ospedale San Gerardo, Università Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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11
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Rigamonti AE, Cella SG, Bonomo SM, Mancia G, Grassi G, Perotti M, Agosti F, Sartorio A, Müller EE, Pincelli AI. Effect of somatostatin infusion on peptide YY secretion: studies in the acute and recovery phase of anorexia nervosa and in obesity. Eur J Endocrinol 2011; 165:421-7. [PMID: 21677050 DOI: 10.1530/eje-11-0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Changes in many gastrointestinal peptides, including the anorexigenic peptide YY (PYY), which is produced by L cells, occur in both anorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity (OB). High PYY levels are present in AN, whereas in morbid OB fasting and postprandial PYY secretion is blunted. Somatostatin (somatotropin release-inhibiting factor (SRIF)) reportedly inhibits plasma PYY concentrations in animals and healthy humans, but the effect of a SRIF infusion on spontaneous PYY secretion in AN and OB is unknown. METHODS A total of 18 young women, seven with acute AN (A-AN), four with AN in the recovery phase (R-AN), and seven with morbid OB, were studied. All subjects underwent an infusion of SRIF (9 μg/kg i.v./h, over 60 min), with blood samples drawn before and at different time intervals after SRIF administration. Plasma PYY levels were measured at each time point. RESULTS SRIF significantly inhibited plasma PYY concentrations in R-AN and OB, without affecting PYY titers in A-AN. In OB, the inhibitory effect of SRIF also persisted at 90 min. Withdrawal of SRIF infusion in R-AN resulted in a prompt restoration of basal plasma PYY levels, whereas termination of SRIF infusion in OB was followed by a slower increase of PYY titers toward baseline levels. After infusion, PYY Δ area under the curve (ΔAUC) in R-AN was significantly higher than those in A-AN and OB patients. A significant difference in PYY ΔAUC between A-AN and OB was present. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the existence of a hypo- and hyper-sensitivity of L cells to the inhibitory effect of SRIF in A-AN and OB respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello E Rigamonti
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy.
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12
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Perotti M, Pescetto L, Ricagni L, Bandettini R. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infection: Six years of experience of Giannina Gaslini Children's Hospital (Genoa, Italy). Clin Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.03.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Jovovich O, Perotti M, De Biasio P, Cozzani R. Antenatal screening for Down's syndrome: Experience of Giannina Gaslini Children's Hospital (Genoa, Italy) from 2002 to 2010. Clin Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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14
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Pincelli AI, Masera N, Tavecchia L, Perotti M, Perra S, Mariani R, Piperno A, Mancia G, Grassi G, Masera G. GH deficiency in adult B-thalassemia major patients and its relationship with IGF-1 production. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2011; 8 Suppl 2:284-289. [PMID: 21705979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine complications in Β-thalassemia represent a prominent cause of morbidity. Above all, dysfunction of GH-IGF-1 axis is of a major concern because of its pathogenic role on cardiac and bone disease, frequently described in this clinical setting. The aim of this paper is to analyze GH-IGF-1 axis in a cohort of 25 adult patients affected by Β-thalassemia. We found that GH deficiency was present in only 8% of our patients if diagnosis was based on GH peak below 9μg/L to two GH provocative tests instead of only one, and was mainly related to iron overload. On the contrary, IGF-1 production was impaired in a higher percentage of patients (72%), without significant correlation with iron burden. Of note, patients with hepatitis C virus infection showed lower IGF-1 concentrations than uninfected subjects despite a normal GH reserve, suggesting that partial GH insensitivity at the post-receptor level may play a key role in IGF-1 deficiency described in thalassemic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Ida Pincelli
- Clinica Medica, Universitá Milano-Bicocca, Ospedale San Gerardo dei Tintori Via Pergolesi 33, Monza, Italy.
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15
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Mancini N, Diotti RA, Perotti M, Sautto G, Clementi N, Nitti G, Patel AH, Ball JK, Clementi M, Burioni R. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may elicit neutralizing antibodies targeting epitopes conserved in all viral genotypes. PLoS One 2009; 4:e8254. [PMID: 20011511 PMCID: PMC2785886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) cross-neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies, directed against conserved epitopes on surface E2 glycoprotein, are central tools for understanding virus-host interplay, and for planning strategies for prevention and treatment of this infection. Recently, we developed a research aimed at identifying these antibody specificities. The characteristics of one of these antibodies (Fab e20) were addressed in this study. Firstly, using immunofluorescence and FACS analysis of cells expressing envelope HCV glycoproteins, Fab e20 was able to recognize all HCV genotypes. Secondly, competition assays with a panel of mouse and rat monoclonals, and alanine scanning mutagenesis analyses located the e20 epitope within the CD81 binding site, documenting that three highly conserved HCV/E2 residues (W529, G530 and D535) are critical for e20 binding. Finally, a strong neutralizing activity against HCV pseudoparticles (HCVpp) incorporating envelope glycoproteins of genotypes 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b and 4, and against the cell culture-grown (HCVcc) JFH1 strain, was observed. The data highlight that neutralizing antibodies against HCV epitopes present in all HCV genotypes are elicited during natural infection. Their availability may open new avenues to the understanding of HCV persistence and to the development of strategies for the immune control of this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicasio Mancini
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italia.
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Burioni R, Canducci F, Saita D, Perotti M, Mancini N, De Marco D, Clementi N, Chieffo A, Denaro M, Cianflone D, Manfredi AA, Colombo A, Maseri A, Clementi M. Antigen-driven evolution of B lymphocytes in coronary atherosclerotic plaques. J Immunol 2009; 183:2537-44. [PMID: 19635916 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent data indicated that adaptive immunity is involved in the process of atherogenesis. Oligoclonal recruitment of T lymphocytes has been described in coronary plaques of patients with acute coronary syndrome. However, the nature of immune response remains to be determined. In the present study, we examined the Ab response in six coronary plaques obtained by endoluminal directional atherectomy. The IgG1/kappa-coding gene repertoires of B lymphocytes present in circulating blood and in coronary plaques were cloned and analyzed. In all of the six plaques, we observed 1) a skewed usage of heavy and light IgG1/kappa Ab-coding genes, 2) an oligoclonal distribution of V(K), J(K), and V(H), D(H), and J(H) genes with overrepresentation of some rarely used IgG genes, and 3) the unequivocal signs of Ag-driven clonal expansion and evolution of B cells. The data document for the first time the presence of a local Ag-driven clonal evolution of B cells in human atherosclerotic plaques.
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Streitberger C, Perotti M, Beltrame MA, Giarbini N. Vibrant Soundbridge for hearing restoration after chronic ear surgery. Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord) 2009; 130:83-88. [PMID: 19813469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Middle ear surgery is primarily concerned with resolving the discharging pathology, in the case of chronic otitis media (COM), or with complete eradication, in case of cholesteatoma. Either of these procedures may require repeated surgeries, often resulting in severe mixed hearing impairment. A middle ear implant may be indicated in these cases instead of a hearing aid because the anatomical conditions in such cases often impede an adequate acoustic coupling. The objective of this study was to evaluate MED-EL Vibrant Soundbridge (VSB) implantation in patients with severe conductive and mixed hearing loss occurring after middle ear surgery for cholesteatoma or chronic otitis media (COM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Over a 2-years period, the VSB system was implanted in 40 patients between 35 and 81 year old (mean: 59.5). Surgery was performed with comparable technique in 3 regional hospitals in Italy: Rovereto (n=16), Meran (n=12) and Tortona (n=12). The 40 candidates for implantation had a history of 1-5 previous surgeries. Of those, 20 patients suffered from COM and 20 from, cholesteatomas. The floating mass transducer (FMT) of the VSB was placed and stabilized on the round window niche in 32 cases; alternative positioning was necessary in 8 cases. Bone conduction (BC) was tested 1 day post-operatively. At 1 month post-surgery and between 6-9 months, open-field warble tones threshold in VSB-off and VSB-on conditions and open-field speech audiometry for words in quiet were conducted. RESULTS Results of BC audiometry one day post-operatively showed no significant changes in hearing. Unaided mean pure tone average (PTA4) was 82.38 dB SPL with a mean speech recognition threshold (SRT) of 94.28 dB SPL. Results obtained after a minimum of three months post-operatively were evaluated in terms of aided thresholds and functional gain. At VSB activation, the mean PTA4 was 50.63 dB SPL with a mean SRT of 61.68 dB. After 6-9 months, the group had a mean PTA4 of 47.89 dB SPL and a mean SRT of 53.33 dB SPL. CONCLUSIONS Implantation of the VSB with its direct driver of the inner ear fluids appears promising for auditory rehabilitation of severe mixed hearing loss associated with sequelae of cholesteatoma surgery. Patients' results improved over time, allowing us to assume a positive effect of consolidation of the coupling related to fibrosis. Results reported here refer to 6-9 months of observation and do not provide evidence of long term stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Streitberger
- F. Tappeiner Hospital, Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Meran, Italy
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Mancini N, Clerici D, Diotti R, Perotti M, Ghidoli N, De Marco D, Pizzorno B, Emrich T, Burioni R, Ciceri F, Clementi M. Molecular diagnosis of sepsis in neutropenic patients with haematological malignancies. J Med Microbiol 2008; 57:601-604. [PMID: 18436593 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.47732-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid diagnosis of an infectious cause in the course of fever of unknown origin plays a pivotal role in the correct management of neutropenic patients. In this study, blood samples from febrile oncohaematological patients were tested using a novel commercial real-time PCR assay (LightCycler SeptiFast; Roche Molecular Systems) and blood culture (BacT/Alert 3D; bioMérieux). Twenty-one (20.4 %) and 34 (33 %) of the 103 samples under study tested positive by blood culture and PCR, respectively. The analysis of concordance evidenced a low correlation between the two approaches (83 %), mainly due to samples that tested negative by culture but positive using the molecular approach. Among 14 discordant cases negative by culture but positive by PCR, 12 were observed in sequential samples of patients with initial concordant results on samples drawn before the administration of a specific antimicrobial therapy. Moreover, DNA of a fastidious organism, Aspergillus fumigatus, not easily detectable by the cultural approach was rapidly detected in the two remaining discordant cases. Overall, the characteristics featured by the molecular method could be of interest in the development of new algorithms for the diagnosis of sepsis in critical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicasio Mancini
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università 'Vita-Salute' San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela Clerici
- Unità di Ematologia e Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberta Diotti
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università 'Vita-Salute' San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Perotti
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università 'Vita-Salute' San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Nadia Ghidoli
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università 'Vita-Salute' San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Donata De Marco
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università 'Vita-Salute' San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Thomas Emrich
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Molecular Diagnostics, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Roberto Burioni
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università 'Vita-Salute' San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Unità di Ematologia e Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Massimo Clementi
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università 'Vita-Salute' San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
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Perotti M, Ghidoli N, Altara R, Diotti RA, Clementi N, De Marco D, Sassi M, Clementi M, Burioni R, Mancini N. Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-driven stimulation of subfamily-restricted natural IgM antibodies in mixed cryoglobulinemia. Autoimmun Rev 2008; 7:468-72. [PMID: 18558364 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been closely related to mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC). During HCV infection, cryoglobulins derive from the restricted expression of few germline genes as VH1-69, a subfamily highly represented in anti-HCV humoral response. Little is known about the self-reacting IgM component of the cryoprecipitate. In the present study, the IgM/K repertoire of an HCV-infected cryoglobulinemic patient was dissected by phage-display on well-characterized anti-HCV/E2 VH1-69-derived monoclonal IgG1/Kappa Fab fragments cloned from the same patient. All selected IgM clones were shown to react with the anti-HCV/E2 antibodies belonging to VH1-69 subfamily. More than 60% of selected clones showed a bias in VH gene usage, restricted to two VH subfamilies frequently described in autoimmune manifestations (VH3-23; VH3-21). Moreover, all selected clones showed an high similarity (>98.5%) to germline genes evidencing their natural origin. A possible hypothesis is that clones belonging to some subfamilies are naturally prone to react against other VH gene subfamilies, as VH 1-69. An antigen-driven stimulation of these subfamilies, and their overexpression as in HCV infection, could lead to a breaking of humoral homeostatic balance exposing the patients to the risk of developing autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Perotti
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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20
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De Marco D, Perotti M, Ossi CM, Burioni R, Clementi M, Mancini N. Development and validation of a molecular method for the diagnosis of medically important fungal infections. New Microbiol 2007; 30:308-12. [PMID: 17802916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of severe fungal infections highlights the need for rapid and precise identification methods in clinical mycology. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a culture-indipendent molecular approach that could allow the detection of fungal pathogens in clinical samples, with particular attention to the identification of drug-resistant Candida and Aspergillus species. A real-time multiplex PCR assay was developed using TaqMan probes specific for highly discriminating ITS sequences. In its multiplex format the assay showed a high specificity, clearly discriminating among different species, as well as a high sensitivity (20 CFU/1 mL sample), making it a potentially useful starting point for the development of a more complete molecular diagnostic assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donata De Marco
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia e Virologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele, Milano.
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21
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Mancini N, Perotti M, Ossi CM, Cavallero A, Matuška S, Paganoni G, Burioni R, Rama P, Clementi M. Rapid molecular identification of fungal pathogens in corneal samples from suspected keratomycosis cases. J Med Microbiol 2006; 55:1505-1509. [PMID: 17030909 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46638-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in the incidence of fungal infections has highlighted the need for rapid and precise detection and identification methods in clinical mycology. This report describes the data obtained on corneal samples from 24 patients with suspected keratomycosis using a conventional cultural approach in parallel with PCR amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacers (ITSs) of the rDNA regions. Using the cultural approach, seven samples (58.3 % of the 12 samples positive for an infectious pathogen) tested positive for a fungal aetiology, with final identification taking a mean time of more than 5 days. In two cases, diagnosis required 10 days. Using the ITS-based molecular approach, a direct diagnosis was obtained in only five of the seven fungus-positive cases (71.4 %) starting from the clinical samples, but identification was still possible in all seven cases within 24 h (by using 16 h cultures for the two remaining cases). Despite the less-than-optimal sensitivity when working directly on clinical samples, the obtained data indicate that the molecular strategy used in this study is a useful complement to the conventional diagnostic approaches used for keratomycosis and, in particular, allows precise and fast fungal identification, in response to the clinical requirements. Similar studies on larger panels of patients and on different clinical samples are required for further investigation of the clinical potential of ITS-based approaches in the diagnosis of mycotic infections.
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MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- Cornea/microbiology
- Corneal Diseases/diagnosis
- Corneal Diseases/microbiology
- DNA, Fungal/chemistry
- DNA, Fungal/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/genetics
- Eye Infections, Fungal/diagnosis
- Eye Infections, Fungal/microbiology
- Fungi/genetics
- Fungi/isolation & purification
- Humans
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
- RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S/chemistry
- RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S/genetics
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicasio Mancini
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Perotti
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Roberto Burioni
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Clementi
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milan, Italy
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22
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Mancini N, Carletti S, Perotti M, Romanò L, Craxì RDS, Craxì A, Zanetti AR, Clementi M, Burioni R. Modulation of epitope-specific anti-hepatitis C virus E2 (anti-HCV/E2) antibodies by anti-viral treatment. J Med Virol 2006; 78:1304-11. [PMID: 16927283 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic features of three specific anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody subpopulations directed against different conformational epitopes of the viral E2 protein (HCV/E2) have been evaluated in patients with primary and persistent HCV infection; the three subpopulations are present in patients infected with different HCV genotypes and have shown a different activity using a pseudovirus neutralization assay (antibodies e301 and e137 exhibiting high neutralizing activity, while antibody e509 enhancement of HCV infectivity). In sequential samples from five patients with primary HCV infection and different virological outcome, all samples tested negative with the single exception of the e509 antibody in a patient not clearing the virus. In sequential samples from 28 patients with persistent infection under treatment with pegylated interferon-alpha plus ribavirin (14 sustained virological responders and 14 non-responders), the therapy did not selectively influence titers of the two neutralizing antibody subpopulations; otherwise, a net increase of the e509 antibody subpopulation related to enhancement of HCV infectivity was observed in non-responders, but not in sustained virological responders (P = 0.0156). This increase was not related to the trend of total anti-HCV/E2 response. The data indicate that a specific antibody response against these epitopes is elicited only late during the infection, thus not influencing virus clearance during primary infection, and that a selective increase of the antibody subpopulation enhancing virus infectivity is observed only in the cohort of patients not responding to antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicasio Mancini
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
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Mancini N, Perotti M, Carletti S, Canducci F, Sampaolo M, Clementi M, Burioni R. Cloning and molecular characterization of a human recombinant IgG Fab binding to the Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) derived from the repertoire of a seronegative patient. Mol Immunol 2006; 43:1363-9. [PMID: 16199090 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2005.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2005] [Accepted: 08/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A study aiming at cloning and characterizing natural antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) targets is described. In particular, we report the molecular cloning of a Fab molecule binding the HIV-1/Tat protein from a seronegative patient. The Fab was characterized for its binding specificity and investigated in regards to its molecular structure. Furthermore, to evaluate the role played by the heavy and light chains in the binding to the antigen, hybrid Fabs were constructed combining the heavy and the light chain of the natural anti-Tat clone with a control high-affinity Fab derived from the repertoire of the same patient. The results indicate that the natural immunoglobulin under study: (i) is a polyreactive antibody of IgG1 isotype, and not an IgM as usually described for anti-HIV natural clones, (ii) shows a pattern of mutations compatible with an antigen-driven mechanisms, (iii) its heavy chain derives from a V-gene subfamily (V3-23) highly represented in fetal life, and (iv) its heavy chain variable region exhibits several characteristics, including an extremely long, hydrophilic CDR3, that are unusual and theoretically important in determining the polyreactive capacity of the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicasio Mancini
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, San Raffaele Diagnostica e Ricerca, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy
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Perotti M, Mancini N, Cavallero A, Carletti S, Canducci F, Burioni R, Clementi M. Quantitation of Bacillus clausii in biological samples by real-time polymerase chain reaction. J Microbiol Methods 2005; 65:632-6. [PMID: 16318892 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2005.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2005] [Revised: 10/04/2005] [Accepted: 10/13/2005] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A real-time PCR assay targeting the highly specific erm34 sequence of Bacillus clausii DNA was developed and optimized. The quantitative assay showed a sensitivity level of 10(2) CFU/microl of sample. The method may represent a useful tool for monitoring the role of B. clausii as probiotic in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Perotti
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele and Laboratorio di Microbiologia e Virologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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25
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Mancini N, Ossi CM, Perotti M, Carletti S, Gianni C, Paganoni G, Matuska S, Guglielminetti M, Cavallero A, Burioni R, Rama P, Clementi M. Direct sequencing of Scedosporium apiospermum DNA in the diagnosis of a case of keratitis. J Med Microbiol 2005; 54:897-900. [PMID: 16091444 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present report describes the diagnostic strategy followed in a case of keratomycosis. Together with conventional methods, a molecular strategy that involved the direct sequencing of an amplified portion of the genome encompassing the internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2 regions and sequence analysis was used. The data highlight the diagnostic role of molecular techniques, in parallel with conventional methods, in the management of ocular infections of fungal aetiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicasio Mancini
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele1 and Centro Malattie della Cornea, Dipartimento di Oftalmologia e Scienze della Visione3, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy 2Università ''Vita-Salute San Raffaele'', Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milano, Italy 4Dipartimento di Ecologia del Territorio e degli Ambienti Terrestri, Sezione di Micologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina M Ossi
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele1 and Centro Malattie della Cornea, Dipartimento di Oftalmologia e Scienze della Visione3, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy 2Università ''Vita-Salute San Raffaele'', Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milano, Italy 4Dipartimento di Ecologia del Territorio e degli Ambienti Terrestri, Sezione di Micologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mario Perotti
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele1 and Centro Malattie della Cornea, Dipartimento di Oftalmologia e Scienze della Visione3, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy 2Università ''Vita-Salute San Raffaele'', Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milano, Italy 4Dipartimento di Ecologia del Territorio e degli Ambienti Terrestri, Sezione di Micologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Carletti
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele1 and Centro Malattie della Cornea, Dipartimento di Oftalmologia e Scienze della Visione3, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy 2Università ''Vita-Salute San Raffaele'', Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milano, Italy 4Dipartimento di Ecologia del Territorio e degli Ambienti Terrestri, Sezione di Micologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Gianni
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele1 and Centro Malattie della Cornea, Dipartimento di Oftalmologia e Scienze della Visione3, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy 2Università ''Vita-Salute San Raffaele'', Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milano, Italy 4Dipartimento di Ecologia del Territorio e degli Ambienti Terrestri, Sezione di Micologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Paganoni
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele1 and Centro Malattie della Cornea, Dipartimento di Oftalmologia e Scienze della Visione3, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy 2Università ''Vita-Salute San Raffaele'', Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milano, Italy 4Dipartimento di Ecologia del Territorio e degli Ambienti Terrestri, Sezione di Micologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stanislav Matuska
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele1 and Centro Malattie della Cornea, Dipartimento di Oftalmologia e Scienze della Visione3, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy 2Università ''Vita-Salute San Raffaele'', Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milano, Italy 4Dipartimento di Ecologia del Territorio e degli Ambienti Terrestri, Sezione di Micologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Guglielminetti
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele1 and Centro Malattie della Cornea, Dipartimento di Oftalmologia e Scienze della Visione3, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy 2Università ''Vita-Salute San Raffaele'', Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milano, Italy 4Dipartimento di Ecologia del Territorio e degli Ambienti Terrestri, Sezione di Micologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Annalisa Cavallero
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele1 and Centro Malattie della Cornea, Dipartimento di Oftalmologia e Scienze della Visione3, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy 2Università ''Vita-Salute San Raffaele'', Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milano, Italy 4Dipartimento di Ecologia del Territorio e degli Ambienti Terrestri, Sezione di Micologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Burioni
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele1 and Centro Malattie della Cornea, Dipartimento di Oftalmologia e Scienze della Visione3, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy 2Università ''Vita-Salute San Raffaele'', Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milano, Italy 4Dipartimento di Ecologia del Territorio e degli Ambienti Terrestri, Sezione di Micologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Rama
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele1 and Centro Malattie della Cornea, Dipartimento di Oftalmologia e Scienze della Visione3, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy 2Università ''Vita-Salute San Raffaele'', Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milano, Italy 4Dipartimento di Ecologia del Territorio e degli Ambienti Terrestri, Sezione di Micologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Massimo Clementi
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele1 and Centro Malattie della Cornea, Dipartimento di Oftalmologia e Scienze della Visione3, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy 2Università ''Vita-Salute San Raffaele'', Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Milano, Italy 4Dipartimento di Ecologia del Territorio e degli Ambienti Terrestri, Sezione di Micologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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26
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Mancini N, Ossi CM, Perotti M, Clementi M, DiGiulio DB, Schaenman JM, Montoya JG, McClenny NB, Berry GJ, Mirels LF, Rinaldi MG, Fothergill AW. Molecular mycological diagnosis and correct antimycotic treatments. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43:3584; author reply 3584-5. [PMID: 16000516 PMCID: PMC1169111 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.43.7.3584-3585.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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27
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Burioni R, Mancini N, Carletti S, Perotti M, Grieco A, Canducci F, Varaldo PE, Clementi M. Cross-reactive pseudovirus-neutralizing anti-envelope antibodies coexist with antibodies devoid of such activity in persistent hepatitis C virus infection. Virology 2004; 327:242-8. [PMID: 15351212 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2004.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2004] [Revised: 05/17/2004] [Accepted: 06/18/2004] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Most RNA viruses have evolved mechanisms to avoid neutralizing antibody responses, and it is generally believed that variability of envelope-encoding regions is the major molecular basis of this phenomenon. However, it has been hypothesized that other mechanisms can be involved. Recent experimental data indicate that in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the anti-envelope humoral response includes cross-reactive antibody clones able to neutralize vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotypes containing HCV E1 and E2 glycoproteins (HCV/VSV pseudotype) as well as other clones devoid of such activity. In this work, we demonstrate that natural infection with a large variety of HCV isolates belonging to different genotypes elicits HCV/VSV pseudotype-neutralizing cross-reactive anti-envelope antibodies together with clones unable to neutralize this pseudovirus. This was shown by designing a novel strategy for quantitation of serum antibodies binding selectively to single viral cross-reactive conformational epitopes. These data can be useful not only for a better understanding of the virus-host interplay in important viral diseases, but also for the development of an effective anti-HCV vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Burioni
- Istituto di Microbiologia, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Ancona, 60020 Ancona, Italy.
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28
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Mancini N, Carletti S, Perotti M, Canducci F, Mammarella M, Sampaolo M, Burioni R. Phage display for the production of human monoclonal antibodies against human pathogens. New Microbiol 2004; 27:315-28. [PMID: 15646045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade an increasing number of antibodies have made their way from the research benchtops into the clinics and many more are currently under clinical trial. Among monoclonal antibody-producing techniques, phage-display is undoubtedly the most effective and versatile. Cloning of the entire humoral repertoire derived from an infected patients into a phage display vector allows not only the simple generation of monoclonal antibodies of desired specificity, but also the molecular dissection of the antibody response itself. Generation of large panels of human monoclonal antibodies against human pathogens could open new perspectives in understanding the interplay between the infectious agent and the infected host providing tools for the prevention and the therapy of human communicable diseases. In this paper the basic principles of the phage-display approach as well as its most recent applications are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mancini
- Università "Vita-Salute San Raffaele" IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Laboratorio di Microbiologia, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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29
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Burioni R, Mancini N, Canducci F, Carletti S, Grieco A, Perotti M, Serafini G, Berardinelli E, Bighi S, Varaldo PE, Clementi M. Humoral immune response against hepatitis C virus. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2003; 17:125-7. [PMID: 14518709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies are in several instances a reliable marker indicating vigorous immune response against infectious agents and in several viral diseases presence in the blood of specific anti-viral antibodies indicates an effective protection. However, this is not always true. For example, in the case of hepatitis C virus (HCV) an important human pathogen considered the causative agent of the nonA- nonB hepatitis, in spite of an intense antibody response there is no protection against a new infection and in the majority of infected individuals the virus overcomes host defences establishing a persistent infection. Here we describe how the dissection of the humoral immune response against HCV glycoprotein E2 of infected patients was useful for a better comprehension of the virus-host interplay. Cross-reactive antibodies directed against E2 are produced by the HCV-infected patient, but not all of them are protective, and some could even result to be detrimental for the patient. The cross-reactive anti-HCV/E2 humoral antibody response is complex and not necessarily completely beneficial to the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Burioni
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Ancona, Ancona, Italy.
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30
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Mancini N, Canducci F, Carletti S, Berardinelli E, Serafini G, Grieco A, Perotti M, Malcangi G, Danieli MG, Varaldo PE, Clementi M, Burioni R. Heterogeneity of the humoral anti-HCV/E2 response in persistently infected patients as demonstrated by divergent patterns of inhibition of the binding of anti-HCV/E2 human monoclonal antibodies. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2003; 17:183-7. [PMID: 14518720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
A complete understanding of the molecular features of humoral immune response could be of pivotal importance in the management of persistent viruses as HCV. In this study, 24 HCV-positive samples, characterized by classical virological parameters, are evaluated using a new assay for the quantitation of antibody subpopulations directed against discrete epitopes on surface glycoprotein E2, a key viral protein. The results, besides confirming the usefulness of this new approach, highlight the extreme heterogeneity of anti-HCV/E2 response as far as single epitopes are concerned. The specific epitopes under study are also demonstrated to be widely shared among different genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mancini
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Ancona, Ancona, Italy
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31
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Scafa F, Mingrone R, Perotti M, Taccola A. [Echocardiographic assessment of alcohol consumers in different clinical stages]. Minerva Med 1996; 87:407-11. [PMID: 8975179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In relation to the importance of cardiac damage in alcohol drinkers this study aims to check the modifications of some cardiac sonographic parameters in drinkers examined at different stages of alcohol intoxication. Seventy-seven male subjects (43 +/- 9 years old) were divided into 3 groups in relation to the biohumoral alterations used for the diagnosis of chronic alcoholism (increase of GGT and MGV). EF, interventricular septum hypertrophy, LVEdD and the presence of left ventricular diastolic failure were considered. All these cardiac sonographic parameters "in toto" were first compared with the same parameters of a group of normal subjects and then the differences of these sonographic parameters between the 3 groups of drinkers were evaluated. These data confirm the early onset of cardiac damage and also that the cardiac alterations may occur before the modifications of the biohumoral parameters considered too. The alterations of the cardiac sonographic parameters considered in this study seem to be a good marker for the identification, quantification and staging of cardiac damage. Interventricular septum hypertrophy, EF and EDV (in this sequence) are to be considered usefull for the diagnosis of cardiac damage in alcohol drinkers. However also LVEdD and the presence of left ventricular diastolic failure are to be evaluated before any therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Scafa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Preventiva, Università degli Studi-Pavia
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32
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Perotti R, Perotti M. [Variation, over time, in the pH of the materials used for pulpal-dentinal protection. A new measurement method]. Minerva Stomatol 1995; 44:241-243. [PMID: 7476777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A modern AmpHel pH-meter permits the easy determination of dental materials pH. This new instrument has allowed, analysing seven cements and two varnishes used for pulpodentinal protection, continuously to specify this important parameter's modifications in the long run. The results of this study, conducted for six hours after cement mixing or varnishes application, certified glass ionomer cements' (Ketac-Cem, Fuji-Ionomer II) strong acidity, even higher than well known zinc phosphates' acidity is. A cavity liner's (Tubulitec) pH from an initial value of 6.07 decreased to 5.04 at sixth hour. On the contrary, much lower were the acidity of a modified ZOE (Temrex) and the one of a cavity varnish (Copalite): both showed a physiological pH from the beginning of the test.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Perotti
- Istituto Policattedra di Clinica Odontostomatologica, Università degli Studi, Torino
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33
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Taccola A, Perotti M, Scafa F. [The diagnosis of occupational hand-arm syndromes. 2. The quantification of the plethysmographic changes due to the cold test]. G Ital Med Lav 1993; 15:165-7. [PMID: 7615178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The diagnostic utility of digital volumetric pulse plethysmography with the cold test in well known for the study of subjects vibrations exposed and symptomatic for acrosyndrome. In this study the authors show how to perform this test and how to analyse the results quantitatively (in particular the time-course of the vascular modifications during cold test) to improve the clinical interpretation and to allow a comparison during the years. The parameters studied are: the morphologic pattern of each wave; the entity, duration and the regression pattern of the modifications after cold test; the existence of hemorrheologic predisposing conditions to vasospasm. To each of these parameters it has attributed a score and all the scores together represent the sphygmic answer to the cold test.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Taccola
- Dipartimento di Medicina Preventiva Occupazionale e di Comunità, Università di Pavia
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Taccola A, Perotti M, Scafa F. [The diagnosis of occupational hand-arm syndromes. 1. The state of the art]. G Ital Med Lav 1993; 15:37-44. [PMID: 7720961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Alterations of the microcirculation are, at our latitudes, the most common distal manifestations of the hand-arm syndrome, and of a number of other work-related diseases. Diagnostic investigations aimed at providing documentary evidence for microvascular damage or disfunction are, therefore, of particular importance. This paper discusses the currently available diagnostic approaches for professional acrosyndromes. The biohumoral alterations associated with cold-induced angiospasm are also described, but their diagnostic utilization is not recommended. The technical aspects of the "cold tests", as well as its advantages and drawbacks, are finally presented. On the basis of a personal experience with over 4.500 subjects, the authors conclude that, in the field of prevention, digital volumetric pulse plethysmography in association with the "cold test" should be adopted to evaluate the worker fitness for specific tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Taccola
- Dipartimento di Medicina preventiva, occupazionale e di Comunità, Università degli Studi di Pavia
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35
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Bellomo G, Perotti M, Taddei F, Mirabelli F, Finardi G, Nicotera P, Orrenius S. Tumor necrosis factor alpha induces apoptosis in mammary adenocarcinoma cells by an increase in intranuclear free Ca2+ concentration and DNA fragmentation. Cancer Res 1992; 52:1342-6. [PMID: 1737395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The incubation of human mammary adenocarcinoma cells (BT-20) with tumor necrosis factor alpha in the absence or presence of cycloheximide resulted in progressive DNA fragmentation. This was preceded by a sustained increase in intracellular free Ca2+ concentration and was not detected in cells pretreated with intracellular Ca2+ chelators, calmodulin antagonists, or activators of protein kinase C. Image analysis of fura-2-loaded BT-20 cells treated with tumor necrosis factor alpha revealed that, in many cells, the initial increase in Ca2+ level occurred in a cellular region that corresponded to the localization of the nucleus. Our findings suggest that tumor necrosis factor alpha can promote an increase in intranuclear free Ca2+ which, in turn, may stimulate Ca(2+)-dependent endonuclease activity, resulting in DNA fragmentation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bellomo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Terapia Medica, Clinica Medica I, University of Pavia, Italy
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36
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Taccola A, Savoldi F, Bo P, Pierro A, Perotti M. [Early ECG changes after experimental focal cerebral ischemia. A pathogenetic hypothesis of the brain-heart syndrome]. Minerva Med 1992; 83:121-7. [PMID: 1553060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Primary CVT alterations and arrhythmias, occurring one hour after embolization were detected in several experiments about focal cerebral ischaemia in rabbits. 62 animals were fed on a standard diet and 15 on an atherogenic diet. Primary CVT alterations and arrhythmias occurred in 4 rabbits fed on a standard diet and in 6 rabbits fed on an atherogenic diet. These results gave statistic evidence of a relationship between more frequent and serious electrocardiographic alterations and an atherogenic diet. The information coming out of these experiments are discussed. Considering the data coming out of other experiments and the data of the literature it is supposed that the pathogenesis of "the cerebro-cardiac syndrome" is linked to several biohumoral alterations occurring after the stroke. If these alterations occur in animals (or in subjects) with damaged coronary arteries cardiac alterations occurring after the stroke are greater and more important than the cardiac alterations occurring in the same conditions in the animals in which coronary arteries are not jet damaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Taccola
- Centro Malattie Cardiovascolari Professionali, Università degli Studi di Pavia
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37
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Taccola A, Savoldi F, Bo P, Pierro A, Perotti M. The brain-heart syndrome: remarks on early ecgraphic changes following focal cerebral ischemia in healthy and in experimentally hyperdyslipidemic rabbits. Ital J Neurol Sci 1991; 12:45-7. [PMID: 1757222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Early cardiac effects of focal cerebral ischemia in two groups of rabbit, one of which made hyperdyslipidemic with an atherogenic diet, were detected in several experiments. In the group of 62 animals fed on a standard diet, primary CVT alterations and arrhythmias occurred in 4 rabbits (6.4%), in the group of 15 animals fed on an atherogenic diet the same cardiac alterations occurred in 6 rabbits (40%). A marked statistically significant prevalence of ECGraphic changes was observed in hyperdyslipidemic group. These results and the data coming out of other experiments and literature suggest that the pathogenesis of the "cerebro-cardiac syndrome" is linked to several biohumoral alterations occurring after the stroke. If these events affect functionally damaged endothelia, or occur in the presence of atherosclerotic plaques, cardiac alterations occurring after the stroke are greater than cardiac alterations observed in the same condition when coronary are intact or little damaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Taccola
- Centro per le Malattie Cardiovascolari Professionali dell'Università di Pavia
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38
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Perotti M, Toddei F, Mirabelli F, Vairetti M, Bellomo G, McConkey DJ, Orrenius S. Calcium-dependent DNA fragmentation in human synovial cells exposed to cold shock. FEBS Lett 1990; 259:331-4. [PMID: 2152884 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(90)80040-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of confluent human synovial McCoy's cells to near-freezing temperatures followed by rewarming at 37 degrees C resulted in endonuclease activation and cell death characteristic of a suicide process known as apoptosis. Both DNA fragmentation and cell killing were dependent on a sustained increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. Sensitivity to cold shock-induced endonuclease activation was critically dependent on the cell cycle (proliferative) status and limited to confluent cells, whereas cells in the logarithmic growth phase were completely resistant. However, DNA fragmentation was promoted in the proliferating McCoy's cells pretreated with H-7 or sphingosine, inhibitors of protein kinase C. In addition, phorbol ester, known to activate PKC, inhibited DNA fragmentation in the confluent cells. Our findings indicate that cold shock-induced DNA fragmentation in McCoy's cells is dependent on a sustained Ca2+ increase, and sensitivity to the process appears to be regulated by the status of protein kinase C.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Perotti
- Departmento di Medicina Interna e Terapia Medica, University of Pavia, Italy
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Mirabelli F, Salis A, Perotti M, Taddei F, Bellomo G, Orrenius S. Alterations of surface morphology caused by the metabolism of menadione in mammalian cells are associated with the oxidation of critical sulfhydryl groups in cytoskeletal proteins. Biochem Pharmacol 1988; 37:3423-7. [PMID: 3421993 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(88)90691-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Incubation of freshly-isolated (rat hepatocytes) or cultured (HeLa, GH3, and McCoy) mammalian cells with menadione (2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) resulted in the appearance of numerous cell surface protrusions. The perturbation of surface structure was associated with an increase in the amount of cytoskeletal protein and the oxidation of sulfhydryl groups in actin, leading to the formation of high-molecular weight aggregates sensitive to treatment with thiol reductants. Our findings indicate that the oxidation of thiol groups in cytoskeletal proteins may be responsible for menadione-induced cell surface abnormalities in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mirabelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Terapia Medica, University of Pavia, Italy
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40
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Bellomo G, Taddei F, Perotti M, Mirabelli F, Salis A, Richelmi P, Finardi G. Intracellular thiol homeostasis during oxidative stress in isolated intestine cells. Boll Chim Farm 1987; 126:255-9. [PMID: 3451747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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41
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Bellomo G, Perotti M, Taddei F, Mirabelli F, Crinó P, Richelmi P, Berté F. Preparation and use of isolated intestinal cells for toxicological studies. Boll Chim Farm 1987; 126:144-7. [PMID: 3689580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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