1
|
Bhandari S, Hong K, Miyawaki-Kuwakado A, Tomimatsu K, Kim YI, Nam IK, Sagerström CG, Nakamura M, Choe SK. nudt7 gene depletion causes transcriptomic change in early development of zebrafish. J Biochem 2022; 173:53-63. [PMID: 36270274 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvac086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nudt family has been identified as enzymes performing Coenzyme A to 3'5'-ADP + 4'-phospho pantetheine catalysis. The members of this family have been shown to be particularly involved in lipid metabolism, while their involvement in gene regulation through regulating transcription or mRNA metabolism has also been suggested. Here, we focused on peroxisomal NUDT7, possessing enzymatic activity similar to that of its paralog, peroxisomal NUDT19, which is involved in mRNA degradation. No reports have been published about the Nudt family in zebrafish. Our transcriptomic data showed that the Nudt family members are highly expressed around zygotic gene activation (ZGA) in developing zebrafish embryos. Therefore, we confirmed the computational prediction that the products of the nudt7 gene in zebrafish were localized in the peroxisome and highly expressed in early embryogenesis. The depletion of nudt7 genes by the CRISPR/Cas9 system did not affect development; however, it decreased the rate of transcription in ZGA. In addition, H3K27ac ChIP-seq analysis demonstrated that this decrease in transcription was correlated with the genome-wide decrease of H3K27ac level. This study suggests that peroxisomal Nudt7 functions in regulating transcription in ZGA via formation of the H3K27ac domain in active chromatin.
Collapse
Key Words
- ChIP-seq.Abbreviations: (ChIP-seq), chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing; (CRISPR), clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats; (DEG), differentially expressed genes; (DHA), docosahexaenoic acid; (EGFP), enhanced green fluorescence protein; (ERK), extracellular-signal-regulated kinase; (FDR), false discovery rate; (GO), gene ontology; (H3K27ac), histone 3 acetylated at lysine 27; (hpf), hours post-fertilization; (IGV), Integrative Genome Viewer; (KO), knockout; (Nudt), Nudix; (PCA), principal component analysis; (Pex), peroxin; (PTS1), peroxisomal localization signal sequence 1; (TSS), transcription start site; (WT), wild-type; (ZGA), zygotic gene activation
- Nudt family
- RNA-seq
- zebrafish
- zygotic gene activation
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Bhandari
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksadae-ro, Iksan, 54538 South Korea
| | - KwangHeum Hong
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksadae-ro, Iksan, 54538 South Korea
| | - Atsuko Miyawaki-Kuwakado
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 8128582 Japan
| | - Kosuke Tomimatsu
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 8128582 Japan
| | - Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksadae-ro, Iksan, 54538 South Korea
| | - In-Koo Nam
- Institute of Brain Science, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksadae-ro, Iksan, 54538 South Korea
| | - Charles G Sagerström
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Medical School, 13001 East 17th Place, Campus Box C290, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Mako Nakamura
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka, 8190395 Japan
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- Department of Microbiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksadae-ro, Iksan, 54538 South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Park WY, Park J, Lee S, Song G, Nam IK, Ahn KS, Choe SK, Um JY. PEX13 is required for thermogenesis of white adipose tissue in cold-exposed mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1867:159046. [PMID: 34517131 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) is a heat generating process controlled by the mitochondria of brown adipose tissue (BAT). In the recent decade, 'functionally' acting brown adipocytes in white adipose tissue (WAT) has been identified as well: the so-called process of the 'browning' of WAT. While the importance of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-oriented mitochondrial activation has been intensely studied, the role of peroxisomes during the browning of white adipocytes is poorly understood. Here, we assess the change in peroxisomal membrane proteins, or peroxins (PEXs), during cold stimulation and importantly, the role of PEX13 in the cold-induced remodeling of white adipocytes. PEX13, a protein that originally functions as a docking factor and is involved in protein import into peroxisome matrix, was highly increased during cold-induced recruitment of beige adipocytes within the inguinal WAT of C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, beige-induced 3 T3-L1 adipocytes and stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells by exposure to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist rosiglitazone showed a significant increase in mitochondrial thermogenic factors along with peroxisomal proteins including PEX13, and these were confirmed in SVF cells with the beta 3 adrenergic receptor (β3AR)-selective agonist CL316,243. To verify the relevance of PEX13, we used the RNA silencing method targeting the Pex13 gene and evaluated the subsequent beige development in SVF cells. Interestingly, siPex13 treatment suppressed expression of thermogenic proteins such as UCP1 and PPARγ coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α). Overall, our data provide evidence supporting the role of peroxisomal proteins, in particular PEX13, during beige remodeling of white adipocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Yong Park
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinbong Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Basic Research Laboratory for Comorbidity Regulation and Department of Comorbodity Research, KyungHee Institute of Convergence Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Sujin Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Gahee Song
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Koo Nam
- Department of Microbiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Basic Research Laboratory for Comorbidity Regulation and Department of Comorbodity Research, KyungHee Institute of Convergence Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- Department of Microbiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Basic Research Laboratory for Comorbidity Regulation and Department of Comorbodity Research, KyungHee Institute of Convergence Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea..
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim YI, Nam IK, Lee DK, Bhandari S, Charton L, Kwak S, Lim JY, Hong K, Kim SJ, Lee JN, Kwon SW, So HS, Linka N, Park R, Choe SK. Slc25a17 acts as a peroxisomal coenzyme A transporter and regulates multiorgan development in zebrafish. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:151-165. [PMID: 31187491 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Slc25a17 is known as a peroxisomal solute carrier, but the in vivo role of the protein has not been demonstrated. We found that the zebrafish genome contains two slc25a17 genes that function redundantly, but additively. Notably, peroxisome function in slc25a17 knockdown embryos is severely compromised, resulting in an altered lipid composition. Along the defects found in peroxisome-associated phenotypic presentations, we highlighted that development of the swim bladder is also highly dependent on Slc25a17 function. As Slc25a17 showed substrate specificity towards coenzyme A (CoA), injecting CoA, but not NAD+ , rescued the defective swim bladder induced by slc25a17 knockdown. These results indicated that Slc25a17 acts as a CoA transporter, involved in the maintenance of functional peroxisomes that are essential for the development of multiple organs during zebrafish embryogenesis. Given high homology in protein sequences, the role of zebrafish Slc25a17 may also be applicable to the mammalian system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - In-Koo Nam
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kyu Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sushil Bhandari
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Lennart Charton
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - SeongAe Kwak
- Zoonosis Research Center, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - KwangHeum Hong
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Joon No Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong-Seob So
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Nicole Linka
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Raekil Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea.,Wonkwang Medical Institute, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
|
5
|
Eun SY, Lee JN, Nam IK, Liu ZQ, So HS, Choe SK, Park R. PEX5 regulates autophagy via the mTORC1-TFEB axis during starvation. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-12. [PMID: 29622767 PMCID: PMC5938032 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-017-0007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects in the PEX5 gene impair the import of peroxisomal matrix proteins, leading to nonfunctional peroxisomes and other associated pathological defects such as Zellweger syndrome. Although PEX5 regulates autophagy process in a stress condition, the mechanisms controlling autophagy by PEX5 under nutrient deprivation are largely unknown. Herein, we show a novel function of PEX5 in the regulation of autophagy via Transcription Factor EB (TFEB). Under serum-starved conditions, when PEX5 is depleted, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTORC1) inhibitor TSC2 is downregulated, which results in increased phosphorylation of the mTORC1 substrates, including 70S6K, S6K, and 4E-BP-1. mTORC1 activation further suppresses the nuclear localization of TFEB, as indicated by decreased mRNA levels of TFEB, LIPA, and LAMP1. Interestingly, peroxisomal mRNA and protein levels are also reduced by TFEB inactivation, indicating that TFEB might control peroxisome biogenesis at a transcriptional level. Conversely, pharmacological inhibition of mTOR resulting from PEX5 depletion during nutrient starvation activates TFEB by promoting nuclear localization of the protein. In addition, mTORC1 inhibition recovers the damaged-peroxisome biogenesis. These data suggest that PEX5 may be a critical regulator of lysosomal gene expression and autophagy through the mTOR-TFEB-autophagy axis under nutrient deprivation. A protein essential for the formation of peroxisomes—cellular organelles that perform diverse metabolic functions—also regulates cellular ‘recycling centers’ that break biomolecules down into nutrients. Researchers led by Raekil Park at the Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology in South Korea have now linked this protein, known as PEX5, to the function of another critical cellular organelle. Lysosomes participate in a process called autophagy, in which non-essential or damaged cellular components and biomolecules are digested to generate nutrients in times of deprivation. Park’s team determined that in the absence of PEX5, starved cells lose the ability to effectively initiate autophagy. They also identified the molecular pathways affected by PEX5 deficiency. These findings indicate a strong functional link between the peroxisome and lysosome, and could aid the development of treatments for certain metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Young Eun
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon No Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Institute of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Koo Nam
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Institute of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Seob So
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - RaeKil Park
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Institute of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bhandari S, Lee JN, Kim YI, Nam IK, Kim SJ, Kim SJ, Kwak S, Oh GS, Kim HJ, Yoo HJ, So HS, Choe SK, Park R. The fatty acid chain elongase, Elovl1, is required for kidney and swim bladder development during zebrafish embryogenesis. Organogenesis 2016; 12:78-93. [PMID: 27078170 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2016.1172164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Very long chain fatty acids are required for sphingolipid synthesis, lipid homeostasis, myelin formation, epidermal permeability, and retinal function. Seven different enzymes are known to be involved in the elongation cycle of fatty acids, with different chain-length specificities. Elovl1 is one of those enzymes whose function has been linked mainly to the synthesis of sphingolipids and the epidermal barrier. However, the role of Elovl1 in organogenesis is not clear. In zebrafish, 2 Elovl1 genes, elovl1a and elovl1b, are highly expressed in the swim bladder, and elovl1b is also expressed in the kidney. We found that both elovl1 knockdown embryos contain increased levels of long chain fatty acids from carbon number 14 to 20 as compared to control embryos. Oil-Red-O staining shows that yolk lipid consumption is greatly reduced, whereas lipid droplets accumulate within the swim bladder. Notably, knockdown of either elovl1a or elovl1b affects the expression of genes involved in swim bladder development and impairs inflation of the swim bladder. Consistent with its expression in the pronephros, knockdown of elovl1b alone affects the expression of genes required for kidney development and reduces renal clearance. Our findings strongly suggest that both elovl1 genes are a key determinant of swim bladder and kidney development in zebrafish, which may be comparatively applicable to lung and kidney development in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Bhandari
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Republic of Korea
| | - Joon No Lee
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Il Kim
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Republic of Korea
| | - In-Koo Nam
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jung Kim
- b Asan Institute of Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Jin Kim
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Republic of Korea
| | - SeongAe Kwak
- c Zoonosis Research Center, Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Su Oh
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Jin Kim
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Yoo
- b Asan Institute of Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Seob So
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Republic of Korea.,d Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Republic of Korea
| | - Raekil Park
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Republic of Korea.,e Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering , Institute of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim YI, No Lee J, Bhandari S, Nam IK, Yoo KW, Kim SJ, Oh GS, Kim HJ, So HS, Choe SK, Park R. Cartilage development requires the function of Estrogen-related receptor alpha that directly regulates sox9 expression in zebrafish. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18011. [PMID: 26657540 PMCID: PMC4675082 DOI: 10.1038/srep18011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ESRRa) regulates a number of cellular processes including development of bone and muscles. However, direct evidence regarding its involvement in cartilage development remains elusive. In this report, we establish an in vivo role of Esrra in cartilage development during embryogenesis in zebrafish. Gene expression analysis indicates that esrra is expressed in developing pharyngeal arches where genes necessary for cartilage development are also expressed. Loss of function analysis shows that knockdown of esrra impairs expression of genes including sox9, col2a1, sox5, sox6, runx2 and col10a1 thus induces abnormally formed cartilage in pharyngeal arches. Importantly, we identify putative ESRRa binding elements in upstream regions of sox9 to which ESRRa can directly bind, indicating that Esrra may directly regulate sox9 expression. Accordingly, ectopic expression of sox9 rescues defective formation of cartilage induced by the knockdown of esrra. Taken together, our results indicate for the first time that ESRRa is essential for cartilage development by regulating sox9 expression during vertebrate development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Joon No Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Sushil Bhandari
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - In-Koo Nam
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Kyeong-Won Yoo
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Gi-Su Oh
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Jin Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Hong-Seob So
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
- Integrated Omics Institute, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Raekil Park
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ok SH, Byon HJ, Jin H, Kim HJ, Kim W, Nam IK, Eun SY, Sohn JT. Dexmedetomidine-induced contraction involves c-Jun NH2 -terminal kinase phosphorylation through activation of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway in the isolated endothelium-denuded rat aorta. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2015; 41:1014-22. [PMID: 25224579 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Vasoconstriction induced by dexmedetomidine, a highly selective alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist, mainly involves c-Jun NH2 -terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation in the isolated endothelium-denuded aorta. We carried out an in vitro study to determine the main arachidonic acid metabolic pathway that is involved in dexmedetomidine-induced JNK activation. Cumulative dexmedetomidine concentration-contractile response curves were generated in the endothelium-denuded rat aorta in the presence or absence of the following inhibitors: the JNK inhibitor SP600125, the phospholipase A2 inhibitor quinacrine dihydrochloride, the non-specific lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitor nordihydroguaiaretic acid, the 5-LOX inhibitor AA-861, the dual 5-LOX and cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor phenidone, the non-specific COX inhibitor indomethacin, the cytochrome p450 epoxygenase inhibitor fluconazole, the COX-1 inhibitor SC-560, and the COX-2 inhibitor NS-398. The effect of the alpha-2 adrenoceptor inhibitor rauwolscine and other inhibitors, such as quinacrine dihydrochloride, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, AA-861, phenidone, indomethacin and the protein kinase C inhibitor GF 109203X, on dexmedetomidine-induced JNK phosphorylation was investigated in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells with western blotting. The effect of dexmedetomidine on 5-LOX and COX-2 expression was investigated in vascular smooth muscle cells. SP600125, quinacrine dihydrochloride, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, AA-861, phenidone, rauwolscine and chelerythrine attenuated dexmedetomidine-induced contraction. Indomethacin slightly attenuated dexmedetomidine-induced contraction. Fluconazole and SC-560 had no effect on dexmedetomidine-induced contraction, whereas NS-398 attenuated contraction. SP600125, rauwolscine, quinacrine dihydrochloride, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, AA-861, phenidone and GF 109203X attenuated dexmedetomidine-induced JNK phosphorylation. 5-LOX and COX-2 were upregulated by dexmedetomidine. Thus, dexmedetomidine-induced alpha-2 adrenoceptor-mediated contraction is mediated mainly by 5-LOX and partially by COX-2, which leads to JNK phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Ho Ok
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cho HJ, Park SM, Kim IK, Nam IK, Baek KE, Im MJ, Yoo JM, Park SH, Ryu KJ, Han HT, Kim HJ, Hong SC, Kim KD, Pak Y, Kim JW, Lee CW, Yoo J. RhoGDI2 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via induction of Snail in gastric cancer cells. Oncotarget 2015; 5:1554-64. [PMID: 24721928 PMCID: PMC4039231 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2 (RhoGDI2) expression correlates with tumor growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance in gastric cancer. Here, we show that RhoGDI2 functions in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is responsible for invasiveness during tumor progression. This tumorigenic activity is associated with repression of E-cadherin by RhoGDI2 via upregulation of Snail. Overexpression of RhoGDI2 induced phenotypic changes consistent with EMT in gastric cancer cells, including abnormal epithelial cell morphology, fibroblast-like properties, and reduced intercellular adhesion. RhoGDI2 overexpression also resulted in decreased expression of the epithelial markers E-cadherin and β-catenin and increased expression of the mesenchymal markers vimentin and fibronectin. Importantly, RhoGDI2 overexpression also stimulated the expression of Snail, a repressor of E-cadherin and inducer of EMT, but not other family members such as Slug or Twist. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of Snail expression suppressed RhoGDI2-induced EMT and invasion, confirming that the effect was Snail-specific. These results indicate that RhoGDI2 plays a critical role in tumor progression in gastric cancer through induction of EMT. Targeting RhoGDI2 may thus be a useful strategy to inhibit gastric cancer cell invasion and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jun Cho
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Baik J, Ok SH, Cho H, Yu J, Kim W, Nam IK, Choi MJ, Lee HK, Sohn JT. Dexmedetomidine-induced contraction involves phosphorylation of caldesmon by JNK in endothelium-denuded rat aortas. Int J Biol Sci 2014; 10:1108-15. [PMID: 25332685 PMCID: PMC4202027 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.9797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Caldesmon, an inhibitory actin binding protein, binds to actin and inhibits actin-myosin interactions, whereas caldesmon phosphorylation reverses the inhibitory effect of caldesmon on actin-myosin interactions, potentially leading to enhanced contraction. The goal of this study was to investigate the cellular signaling pathway responsible for caldesmon phosphorylation, which is involved in the regulation of the contraction induced by dexmedetomidine (DMT), an alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist, in endothelium-denuded rat aortas. SP600125 (a c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase [JNK] inhibitor) dose-response curves were generated in aortas that were pre-contracted with DMT or phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator. Dose-response curves to the PKC inhibitor chelerythrine were generated in rat aortas pre-contracted with DMT. The effects of SP600125 and rauwolscine (an alpha-2 adrenoceptor inhibitor) on DMT-induced caldesmon phosphorylation in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were investigated by western blot analysis. PDBu-induced caldesmon and DMT-induced PKC phosphorylation in rat aortic VSMCs was investigated by western blot analysis. The effects of GF109203X (a PKC inhibitor) on DMT- or PDBu-induced JNK phosphorylation in VSMCs were assessed. SP600125 resulted in the relaxation of aortas that were pre-contracted with DMT or PDBu, whereas rauwolscine attenuated DMT-induced contraction. Chelerythrine resulted in the vasodilation of aortas pre-contracted with DMT. SP600125 and rauwolscine inhibited DMT-induced caldesmon phosphorylation. Additionally, PDBu induced caldesmon phosphorylation, and GF109203X attenuated the JNK phosphorylation induced by DMT or PDBu. DMT induced PKC phosphorylation in rat aortic VSMCs. These results suggest that alpha-2 adrenoceptor-mediated, DMT-induced contraction involves caldesmon phosphorylation that is mediated by JNK phosphorylation by PKC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiseok Baik
- 1. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Biomed Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Ok
- 2. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunhoo Cho
- 3. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsun Yu
- 3. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woochan Kim
- 3. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Koo Nam
- 3. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun-Jeoung Choi
- 4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon-Keun Lee
- 2. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Tae Sohn
- 2. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cho HJ, Kim IK, Park SM, Baek KE, Nam IK, Park SH, Ryu KJ, Choi J, Ryu J, Hong SC, Jeong SH, Lee YJ, Ko GH, Kim J, Won Lee C, Soo Kang S, Yoo J. VEGF-C mediates RhoGDI2-induced gastric cancer cell metastasis and cisplatin resistance. Int J Cancer 2014; 135:1553-63. [PMID: 24585459 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2 (RhoGDI2) expression is correlated with tumor growth, metastasis and chemoresistance in gastric cancer. However, the mechanisms by which RhoGDI2 promotes tumor cell survival and metastasis remain unclear. In this study, we clearly demonstrate that RhoGDI2 upregulates VEGF-C expression and RhoGDI2 expression is positively correlated with VEGF-C expression in human gastric tumor tissues as well as parental gastric cancer cell lines. VEGF-C depletion suppressed RhoGDI2-induced gastric cancer metastasis and sensitized RhoGDI2-overexpressing cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Secreted VEGF-C enhanced gastric cancer cell invasion and conferred cisplatin resistance to RhoGDI2-overexpressing cells. We also show that RhoGDI2 positively regulates Rac1 activity in gastric cancer cells. Inhibition of Rac1 expression suppressed RhoGDI2-induced VEGF-C expression, and this inhibition was associated with decreased invasiveness and increased sensitivity to cisplatin in RhoGDI2-overexpressing cells. Our results indicate that RhoGDI2 might be a potential therapeutic target for simultaneously reducing metastasis risk and enhancing chemotherapy efficacy in gastric cancer.
Collapse
|
12
|
Cho HJ, Baek KE, Kim IK, Park SM, Choi YL, Nam IK, Park SH, Im MJ, Yoo JM, Ryu KJ, Oh YT, Hong SC, Kwon OH, Kim JW, Lee CW, Yoo J. Proteomics-based strategy to delineate the molecular mechanisms of RhoGDI2-induced metastasis and drug resistance in gastric cancer. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:2355-64. [PMID: 22364609 DOI: 10.1021/pr2011186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2 (RhoGDI2) was initially identified as a regulator of the Rho family of GTPases. Our recent works suggest that RhoGDI2 promotes tumor growth and malignant progression, as well as enhances chemoresistance in gastric cancer. Here, we delineate the mechanism by which RhoGDI2 promotes gastric cancer cell invasion and chemoresistance using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) on proteins derived from a RhoGDI2-overexpressing SNU-484 human gastric cancer cell line and control cells. Differentially expressed proteins were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). In total, 47 differential protein spots were identified; 33 were upregulated, and 14 were downregulated by RhoGDI2 overexpression. Upregulation of SAE1, Cathepsin D, Cofilin1, CIAPIN1, and PAK2 proteins was validated by Western blot analysis. Loss-of-function analysis using small interference RNA (siRNA) directed against candidate genes reveals the need for CIAPIN1 and PAK2 in RhoGDI2-induced cancer cell invasion and Cathepsin D and PAK2 in RhoGDI2-mediated chemoresistance in gastric cancer cells. These data extend our understanding of the genes that act downstream of RhoGDI2 during the progression of gastric cancer and the acquisition of chemoresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jun Cho
- Department of Microbiology/Research Institute of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cho HJ, Baek KE, Park SM, Kim IK, Nam IK, Choi YL, Park SH, Im MJ, Choi J, Ryu J, Kim JW, Lee CW, Kang SS, Yoo J. RhoGDI2 confers gastric cancer cells resistance against cisplatin-induced apoptosis by upregulation of Bcl-2 expression. Cancer Lett 2011; 311:48-56. [PMID: 21752536 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI)2 has been identified as a regulator of Rho family GTPase. Recently, we suggested that RhoGDI2 could promote tumor growth and malignant progression in gastric cancer. In this study, we demonstrate that RhoGDI2 contributes to another important feature of aggressive cancers, i.e., resistance to chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin. Forced expression of RhoGDI2 attenuated cisplatin-induced apoptosis, whereas RhoGDI2 depletion showed opposite effects in vitro. Moreover, the increased anti-apoptotic effect of RhoGDI2 on cisplatin was further validated in RhoGDI2-overexpressing SNU-484 xenograft model in nude mice. Furthermore, we identified Bcl-2 as a major determinant of RhoGDI2-mediated cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells. Depletion of Bcl-2 expression significantly increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis in RhoGDI2-overexpressing gastric cancer cells, whereas overexpression of Bcl-2 blocked cisplatin-induced apoptosis in RhoGDI2-depleted gastric cancer cells. Overall, these findings establish RhoGDI2 as an important therapeutic target for simultaneously enhancing chemotherapy efficacy and reducing metastasis risk in gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jun Cho
- Department of Microbiology/Research Institute of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cho HJ, Park SM, Hwang EM, Baek KE, Kim IK, Nam IK, Im MJ, Park SH, Bae S, Park JY, Yoo J. Gadd45b mediates Fas-induced apoptosis by enhancing the interaction between p38 and retinoblastoma tumor suppressor. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:25500-5. [PMID: 20558744 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.091413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gadd45b has been known as a positive mediator of apoptosis induced by certain cytokines and oncogenes. Here, we identified Gadd45b as an effector of Fas-induced apoptosis and found that p38-mediated Rb hyperphosphorylation is one of the mechanisms of Fas-induced apoptosis in murine hepatocyte AML12 cells. Gadd45b has been shown to activate p38 through its physical interaction with MTK1 and induce apoptosis. However, in this study, we have showed that the function of Gadd45b during Fas-induced apoptosis in AML12 cells is different from that reported in previous studies. Depletion of Gadd45b expression did not inhibit the phosphorylation of p38, but it suppressed p38-mediated Rb phosphorylation and apoptosis in response to Fas stimulation by reducing the interaction between p38 and Rb. Ectopic expression of Gadd45b was sufficient to enhance this interaction. These findings suggest that Gadd45b mediates p38-induced Rb phosphorylation by enhancing the interaction between p38 and Rb during Fas-induced apoptosis in murine hepatocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jun Cho
- Department of Microbiology/Research Institute of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cho HJ, Baek KE, Park SM, Kim IK, Choi YL, Cho HJ, Nam IK, Hwang EM, Park JY, Han JY, Kang SS, Kim DC, Lee WS, Lee MN, Oh GT, Kim JW, Lee CW, Yoo J. RhoGDI2 expression is associated with tumor growth and malignant progression of gastric cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:2612-9. [PMID: 19351766 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-2192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2 (RhoGDI2) has been identified as a regulator of Rho family GTPase. However, there is currently no direct evidence suggesting whether RhoGDI2 activates or inhibits Rho family GTPase in vivo (and which type), and the role of RhoGDI2 in tumor remains controversial. Here, we assessed the effects of RhoGDI2 expression on gastric tumor growth and metastasis progression. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Proteomic analysis was done to investigate the tumor-specific protein expression in gastric cancer and RhoGDI2 was selected for further study. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect RhoGDI2 expression in clinical samples of primary gastric tumor tissues which have different pathologic stages. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches were done to examine the malignant phenotypes of the RhoGDI2-expressing or RhoGDI2-depleting cells. RESULTS RhoGDI2 expression was correlated positively with tumor progression and metastasis potential in human gastric tumor tissues, as well as cell lines. The forced expression of RhoGDI2 caused a significant increase in gastric cancer cell invasion in vitro, and tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis in vivo, whereas RhoGDI2 depletion evidenced opposite effects. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that RhoGDI2 is involved in gastric tumor growth and metastasis, and that RhoGDI2 may be a useful marker for tumor progression of human gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jun Cho
- Department of Microbiology/Research Institute of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Physiology, Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cho HJ, Baek KE, Park SM, Kim IK, Choi YL, Cho HJ, Nam IK, Hwang EM, Park JY, Han JY, Kang SS, Kim DC, Lee WS, Lee MN, Oh GT, Kim JW, Lee CW, Yoo J. RhoGDI2 expression is associated with tumor growth and malignant progression of gastric cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2009. [PMID: 19351766 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr- 08-2192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2 (RhoGDI2) has been identified as a regulator of Rho family GTPase. However, there is currently no direct evidence suggesting whether RhoGDI2 activates or inhibits Rho family GTPase in vivo (and which type), and the role of RhoGDI2 in tumor remains controversial. Here, we assessed the effects of RhoGDI2 expression on gastric tumor growth and metastasis progression. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Proteomic analysis was done to investigate the tumor-specific protein expression in gastric cancer and RhoGDI2 was selected for further study. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect RhoGDI2 expression in clinical samples of primary gastric tumor tissues which have different pathologic stages. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches were done to examine the malignant phenotypes of the RhoGDI2-expressing or RhoGDI2-depleting cells. RESULTS RhoGDI2 expression was correlated positively with tumor progression and metastasis potential in human gastric tumor tissues, as well as cell lines. The forced expression of RhoGDI2 caused a significant increase in gastric cancer cell invasion in vitro, and tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis in vivo, whereas RhoGDI2 depletion evidenced opposite effects. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that RhoGDI2 is involved in gastric tumor growth and metastasis, and that RhoGDI2 may be a useful marker for tumor progression of human gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jun Cho
- Department of Microbiology/Research Institute of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Physiology, Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|