Elevated uric acid in gestational diabetes and its risk on pregnancy outcomes

Background

Over the past few years, gestational diabetes mellitus has become more common. According to earlier research, gestational diabetes mellitus is linked to higher uric acid levels, and gestational hyperuricemia is linked to poor maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Aim and objectives

To assess the influence of elevated uric acid >5 mg/dl on pregnancy outcomes such as neonatal weight, respiratory distress, preterm delivery, neonatal intensive care unit admission, premature membrane rupture, oligohydramnios, cesarean section, and intensive care admission for mothers.

Setting and methods

It is a prospective cohort study, carried out at obstetric/family medicine outpatient clinics, Cairo University Hospitals on 221 pregnant females with gestational diabetes mellitus in their third trimester of pregnancy, selected by random sampling, performed structured interviews, and tested for serum uric acid level and were separated into two groups, those with elevated uric acid >5 mg/dl (121) and those without elevated uric acid ⩽5 mg/dl (100) patients and then followed up until delivery in Cairo University Hospitals for collecting pregnancy outcome data.

Results

There were statistically significant differences between the antepartum uric acid and neonatal complications, maternal complications, preterm, macrosomia, neonatal intensive care unit admission, premature rupture of membranes, oligohydramnios, and cesarean section between both groups.

Conclusions

This study showed that elevated serum uric acid >5 mg/dl can predict the incidence of maternal and neonatal problems in gestational diabetes mellitus including preterm, macrosomia, neonatal intensive care unit admission, premature rupture of membranes, oligohydramnios, and cesarean section.

Prevalence and determinants of depression, anxiety, and burnout among Egyptian house officers during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented international health crisis, which has invoked massive consequence on healthcare workers’ mental health and wellbeing. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and burnout among house officers amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt to assess the effect of this pandemic on their mental health.

Results

A total of 254 house officers were included in this study, and their responses were analyzed. Anxiety, burnout, and depression were reported among 35%, 32%, and 22% of participants, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis found that higher levels of overall worry were associated with anxiety, but not depression or burnout. Having a good personal protective equipment attitude was a significant predictor of both anxiety and burnout. Participants with depression had a higher likelihood of also having a burnout, but a lower likelihood of having anxiety. Overall worry related to the pandemic, depression, and clinical burnout status were all significantly associated with anxiety.

Conclusions

The study found that anxiety, depression, and burnout are highly prevalent among house officers, who are newly graduated medical professionals. These findings suggest the need for specific programs to address the wellbeing of these individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Perceived Stress Scale Among Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Introduction

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder that affects women during their reproductive age. Previous studies have suggested that PCOS may be linked to some mental disorders.

Aim

The study aimed to estimate the perceived stress among adolescents with PCOS and investigate the relationship between PCOS symptoms and perceived stress scale (PSS) in adolescents.

Methods

This was a case control study with 72 participants (between 11 and 19 years); 36 adolescents with PCOS and 36 matched controls were recruited from family medicine and gynecological outpatient clinics at Cairo University hospitals. They participated in a structured interview using a pre-designed questionnaire. Full general examination was conducted, including anthropometric measures, acne staging, and hirsutism staging using the Ferriman–Gallwey score. We assessed the severity of stress over the previous month of interview using the 10-item perceived stress scale (PSS-10).

Results

There was a statistically significant difference in PSS scores among adolescents with and without PCOS; most cases with severe PSS scores were found to have PCOS. The mean score of PSS was higher in PCOS adolescents (20.416) than in the non-PCOS control group (18.8), but with no statistical significance. There was no significant correlation between the severity of PSS in PCOS adolescents and BMI, WC, acne or hirsutism severity; there was only weak positive correlation between PSS score and DBP (r=0.167).

Conclusion

PCOS adolescents have higher incidence of severe perceived stress; however, degree of PSS was independent of BMI, WC, acne or hirsutism severity and shows only weak correlations with DBP. Our results urge the need for implementing a holistic approach that should include stress reduction programs to help adolescents get ready for their adult life.