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Lee SH, Ku X, Oh HS, Jung Y, Chun J, Choi I. Longitudinal associations between gut microbiome diversity and emotional well-being. Health Psychol 2024; 43:323-327. [PMID: 38190200 DOI: 10.1037/hea0001350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While a significant link between emotional well-being (EWB) and the gut microbiome has been reported recently, their temporal relationships remain elusive. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the longitudinal associations between EWB and the Shannon Index (SI), an indicator of gut microbiome diversity. METHOD The analysis focused on a dataset that collected participants' current EWB and fecal samples in both 2019 and 2022 (N = 57, 56.1% female, Mage = 52.47 years, SD = 12.65). Gut microbiome profiles were generated by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene, from which SI was subsequently calculated. RESULTS The cross-lagged panel analysis revealed significant positive cross-sectional associations between EWB and SI in both 2019 (β = .296, SE = 0.121, p = .014) and 2022 (β = .324, SE = 0.119, p = .006). However, no significant longitudinal associations were found between 2019 EWB and 2022 SI (β = .068, SE = 0.138, p = .623), nor between 2019 SI and 2022 EWB (β = -.016, SE = 0.13, p = .899). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that emotional happiness may be associated with gut microbiome profiles at a particular time point, but they may not serve as predictive factors for each other over time. Future research is needed to establish causal relationships between them. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ha Lee
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University
| | - Xyle Ku
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University
| | | | | | | | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University
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2
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Jun YJ, Choi I, Kim JH. Adaptive aspects of maximizing in times of COVID-19: coping efforts linking maximization to well-being. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1268528. [PMID: 38250098 PMCID: PMC10797124 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1268528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Maximization, the tendency to make the best choices by thoroughly searching and comparing alternatives, has long been considered a negative correlate of well-being. However, recently, it was proposed that having a maximizing tendency can lead to better coping efforts in some stressful situations and thus could be more adaptive. The objective of the present research was to demonstrate positive features of maximization and identify the coping strategies that mediate the relationship between maximization and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A sample of 3,493 participants responded to an online survey from January 20 to October 11 of 2020. The 13-item Maximization Scale assessed individuals' maximizing tendency in terms of the maximization index and its three subdimensions (i.e., high standards, alternative search, and decision difficulty). The use of four coping strategies (i.e., preventive measures, cognitive appraisal, self-distraction, and social connection) during the COVID-19 pandemic was assessed. Hedonic and eudaimonic aspects of well-being were measured. We developed a mediation model and examined both whether there was an indirect link between maximization and well-being through the coping strategies and whether there was a direct link between maximization and well-being. Results Path analysis revealed negative direct associations between maximization measures (i.e., an index and three subdimensions) and well-being. In addition, significant indirect paths were found with varying directions depending on maximization dimensions and coping strategy types. There were positive indirect associations between the maximization index and well-being via preventive measures, between high standards and well-being through preventive measures and cognitive appraisal, and between alternative search and well-being through self-distraction and social connection. Negative indirect associations were found between decision difficulty and well-being through cognitive appraisal, self-distraction, and social connection. Discussion The current study confirmed the existence of inconsistent mediation effects between maximization and well-being via coping and highlighted coping efforts as one of the positive aspects of maximization. Discussion addressed the double-edged effect of maximization on well-being and its beneficial nature in times of distress. Future studies should examine other potential situations and moderators that can delineate maximization's various characteristics with a longitudinal design and samples from diverse backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Joo Jun
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Kim
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Shin J, Lee Y, Cho SI, Sung J, Kim S, Lee S, Choi I, Han C, You M. Implication of findings from a two-wave survey on embitterment in South Korea for strategies to promote mental health of the general public. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy 2023:2024-27720-001. [PMID: 37982785 DOI: 10.1037/tra0001610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence of embitterment by following individuals over time and to statistically evaluate how factors known as correlates of embitterment affect different groups with or without changes in embitterment over time. METHOD Responses for the posttraumatic embitterment disorder (PTED) self-rating Scale were collected from the same 1,153 adults who participated in a follow-up survey delivered 14 months apart. Suggested cutoff points were applied to identify changes in embitterment and four groups were identified. For each group, the relative impacts of factors that affect changes in or maintenance of embitterment, such as negative life events (NLEs), belief in a just world (BJW), social support, relative deprivation, and resilience, were statistically analyzed. RESULTS The average PTED scores were relatively high for both surveys (M = 1.73 and 1.58, respectively). "Persistent" or "increased" in embitterment was seen for 47.3% of the participants. In particular, 15.3% (Wave 1) and 12.1% (Wave 2) of participants experienced clinically relevant levels of embitterment. NLEs, BJW, relative deprivation, and resilience showed significant associations with the risk of persistence or deterioration of embitterment. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights embitterment as a dynamic emotion that can either be aggravated or moderated over time. Embitterment can be elicited by joint effects of multiple social and interactional factors including known embitterment correlates, and relative deprivation is confirmed as a possible core elicitor of embitterment in the context of comparative justice. These findings imply that additional longitudinal research and development of practices for mental health prevention in general populations are needed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Shin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University
| | - Yubin Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University
| | - Sung-Il Cho
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University
| | - Joohon Sung
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University
| | - Seokho Kim
- Department of Sociology, College of Social Sciences, Seoul National University
| | - Sukjae Lee
- Department of Philosophy, College of Humanities, Seoul National University
| | - Incheol Choi
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University
| | - Changsu Han
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University
| | - Myoungsoon You
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University
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Kim M, Shin S, Jyung M, Choi JA, Choi I, Kim MJ, Sul S. Corticolimbic structural connectivity encapsulates real-world emotional reactivity and happiness. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2023; 18:nsad056. [PMID: 37837288 PMCID: PMC10642377 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsad056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Emotional reactivity to everyday events predicts happiness, but the neural circuits underlying this relationship remain incompletely understood. Here, we combined experience sampling methods and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging to examine the association among corticolimbic structural connectivity, real-world emotional reactivity and daily experiences of happiness from 79 young adults (35 females). Participants recorded momentary assessments of emotional and happiness experiences five times a day for a week, approximately 2 weeks after brain scanning. Model-based emotional reactivity scores, which index the degree to which moment-to-moment affective state varies with the occurrence of positive or negative events, were computed. Results showed that stronger microstructural integrity of the uncinate fasciculus and the external capsule was associated with both greater positive and negative emotional reactivity scores. The relationship between these fiber tracts and experienced happiness was explained by emotional reactivity. Importantly, this indirect effect was observed for emotional reactivity to positive but not negative real-world events. Our findings suggest that the corticolimbic circuits supporting socioemotional functions are associated with emotional reactivity and happiness in the real world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijin Kim
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Sunghyun Shin
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Mina Jyung
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul 088826, South Korea
| | - Jong-An Choi
- Department of Psychology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Incheol Choi
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul 088826, South Korea
| | - M. Justin Kim
- Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, South Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Sunhae Sul
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
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Shin WG, Jyung M, Choi I, Sul S. Perceived financial well-being and its association with frontostriatal functional connectivity, real-life anticipatory experiences, and everyday happiness. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18739. [PMID: 37907524 PMCID: PMC10618479 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Perceived financial well-being (FWB) is an important aspect of life that can affect one's attitude toward future experiences and happiness. However, the relationship between FWB, anticipatory experiences, and happiness, and the brain's functional architecture underlying this relationship remain unknown. Here, we combined an experience sampling method, multilevel modeling, and functional neuroimaging to identify the neural correlates of FWB and their associations with real-world anticipatory experiences and everyday happiness. Behaviorally, we found that individuals with greater FWB felt more positive and more interested when they expected positive events to occur, which in turn resulted in increased everyday happiness. Furthermore, the level of FWB was significantly associated with the strength of functional connectivity (FC) between the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and the local coherence within the vmPFC. The frontostriatal FC and local coherence within the vmPFC were further predictive of everyday happiness via the anticipatory response involving interestedness during positive expectations. Our findings suggest that individual differences in FWB could be reflected in the functional architecture of brain's reward system that may contribute to shaping positive anticipatory experiences and happiness in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Gyo Shin
- Social Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Jyung
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Incheol Choi
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhae Sul
- Social Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Ku X, Cha SE, Jeong J, Kim N, Kim Y, Kim JH, Choi I. "Why rush to get vaccinated earlier?": Regulatory focus and COVID-19 vaccination. Health Psychol 2023; 42:615-623. [PMID: 36074596 DOI: 10.1037/hea0001237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The health psychology literature has paid little attention to individuals' intention to vaccinate earlier. Building on regulatory focus theory, which proposes two distinct self-regulatory foci: promotion and prevention focus (Higgins, 1997), the present study tests whether, how, and why regulatory focus contributes to the intention to vaccinate earlier (IVE) and whether IVE predicts actual behavior. METHOD This study used a longitudinal design with data collected at two-time points (3.5 months apart). At Time 1, 487 unvaccinated participants completed a survey assessing regulatory focus, ideal and ought reason for IVE (i.e., hopes/wishes and felt obligation/pressure regarding earlier vaccination, respectively), and IVE through leftover vaccines-vaccines that become available due to last-minute vaccination appointment cancellations. At Time 2, 364 participants reported on the attempts they made to get a leftover vaccine, whether they were vaccinated, and if so, the vaccination type (general vs. leftover vaccine), along with the date of vaccination. RESULTS A promotion focus was associated with IVE via ideal reason (β = .141, 95% confidence interval, CI [.085, .198]), whereas a prevention focus was associated with IVE via ought reason (β = .031, 95% CI [.012, .057]). Furthermore, both the promotion focus (β = .029, 95% CI [.016, .050]) and prevention focus paths (β = .006, 95% CI [.001, .015]) extended to vaccinating via leftover vaccines. CONCLUSIONS The present study illuminates how regulatory focus, especially promotion focus, can be a predictor of earlier vaccination. Our findings suggest that promotion-focused messages highlighting desirable outcomes of vaccination may help encourage earlier vaccination. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xyle Ku
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University
| | | | | | - Namhee Kim
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University
| | - Youngju Kim
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University
| | | | - Incheol Choi
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University
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Lee SH, Cole SW, Choi I, Sung K, Kim S, Youm Y, Chey J. Social network position and the Conserved Transcriptional Response to Adversity in older Koreans. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 155:106342. [PMID: 37523898 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social connections are crucial to human health and well-being. Previous research on molecular mechanisms in health has focused primarily on the individual-level perception of social connections (e.g., loneliness). This study adopted socio-centric social network analysis that includes all social ties from the entire population of interest to examine the group-level social connections and their association with a molecular genomic measure of health. METHODS Using socio-centric (global) social network data from an entire village in Korea, we investigated how social network characteristics are related to immune cell gene expression among older adults. Blood samples were collected (N = 53, 65-79 years) and mixed effect linear model analyses were performed to examine the association between social network characteristics and Conserved Transcriptional Response to Adversity (CTRA) RNA expression patterns. RESULTS Social network positions measured by k-core score, the degree of cohesive core positions in an entire village, were significantly associated with CTRA downregulation. Such associations emerged above and beyond the effects of perceived social isolation (loneliness) and biobehavioral risk factors (smoking, alcohol, BMI, etc.). Social network size, defined as degree centrality, was also associated with reduced CTRA gene expression, but its association mimicked that of perceived social isolation (loneliness). CONCLUSIONS The current findings implicate community-level social network characteristics in the regulation of individual human genome function above and beyond individual-level perceptions of connectedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ha Lee
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, South Korea
| | - Steven W Cole
- Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, South Korea; Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, South Korea
| | - Kiho Sung
- Department of Sociology, Yonsei University, South Korea
| | - Somin Kim
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, South Korea
| | - Yoosik Youm
- Department of Sociology, Yonsei University, South Korea.
| | - Jeanyung Chey
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, South Korea.
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Hong EK, Kim J, Choi I. Implicit Theories of Happiness: When Happiness Is Viewed as Changeable, Happy People Are Perceived Much More Positively Than Unhappy People. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2023:1461672231184711. [PMID: 37458224 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231184711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Happy people are often perceived positively, perhaps more than they actually are, whereas unhappy people are often perceived negatively, perhaps more than they actually are. What would make this bias stronger or weaker? The present research addresses this question by exploring the roles of implicit theories of happiness in the trait perceptions toward happy and unhappy people. Specifically, four studies (N = 998) tested hypotheses that an incremental theory of happiness would enhance and an entity theory of happiness would attenuate the trait perceptions favoring happy over unhappy people. Results found converging evidence that believing happiness as changeable (incremental theory) enhances the positive perceptions toward happy people, while providing less consistent evidence that believing happiness as fixed (entity theory) mitigates the negative perceptions toward unhappy people. The current research contributes to the literature on essentialism and advances the understanding of the roles of implicit theories of happiness in person perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K Hong
- University of Southampton, UK
- Seoul National University, South Korea
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Kim JH, Choi E, Kim N, Choi I. Older people are not always happier than younger people: The moderating role of personality. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2023; 15:275-292. [PMID: 35665604 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present research explored whether the well-established U-shaped relationship between age and happiness varied with personality. Individuals ranging from 15 to 75 years of age (N = 10,456, 84.9% female) completed online surveys of subjective well-being (i.e. life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect) and the Big Five personality traits (International Personality Item Pool [IPIP]). The results of hierarchical multiple regression using the PROCESS macro not only supported the prediction of a U-shaped relationship between age and well-being but also revealed that the quadratic relationship is moderated by agreeableness and neuroticism. Specifically, well-being did not bounce back in later adulthood on the well-being curve across different age groups with low agreeableness and high neuroticism. Moreover, positive affect did not increase and even decreased in later adulthood among those with low agreeableness. This study discusses the potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hyun Kim
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunsoo Choi
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Namhee Kim
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Cha SE, Ku X, Choi I. Post COVID-19, still wear a face mask? Self-perceived facial attractiveness reduces mask-wearing intention. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1084941. [PMID: 36760455 PMCID: PMC9904203 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1084941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
With the emerging post-COVID era, wearing face masks has become a domain of personal choice. Then, who wants to continue wearing a mask when it is no longer mandatory? In this article, we expect and examine the role of self-perceived facial attractiveness in predicting mask-wearing intention and its mechanism across three studies (total N = 1,030). Studies 1 and 2 demonstrated that individuals with high (vs. low) self-perceived attractiveness were less willing to wear a mask, due to a weaker endorsement of the belief that mask-wearing enhances their perceived attractiveness (i.e., mask attractiveness belief). Study 3 further revealed that this mediational association was stronger in situations where the need to deliver a favorable impression was high (job interview context) versus low (walking a dog context). Overall, we provide a novel finding that self-perceived attractiveness has significant effects on mask-wearing intention via mask attractiveness belief in the post-pandemic of COVID-19. Our findings suggest that mask-wearing can shift from being a self-protection measure during the COVID-19 pandemic to a self-presentation tactic in the post-pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Eun Cha
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xyle Ku
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Incheol Choi
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Incheol Choi, ✉
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Lee SS, Shim Y, Choi J, Choi I. Paradoxical Impacts of Social Relationship on Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Happiness Stud 2023; 24:745-767. [PMID: 36686601 PMCID: PMC9838380 DOI: 10.1007/s10902-022-00614-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Social interaction is an important source of psychological and physical well-being during normal times. However, following the COVID-19 outbreak, which spreads rapidly from person to person, social interaction poses a fatal threat to one's health and life. Therefore, several countries including South Korea implemented an intense social distancing mandate to prevent the spread of the virus. During these unique times of pandemic, the current research investigated whether and how an individual's well-being varies as a function of their interaction with various relationship partners using experience sampling data (Study 1) and online longitudinal data (Study 2). The results indicated that being alone was more detrimental to well-being during the pandemic than before it. Specifically, interaction with close relationship partners (e.g., romantic partner, spouse, or friend) was positively related to well-being, whereas interaction with formal relationship partners (e.g., coworker, boss) was negatively linked to momentary well-being during the pandemic. Furthermore, our study showed that the association between social supports from close relationships and well-being was temporally strengthened during COVID-19 pandemic. In sum, the benefits of close relationships on well-being were stronger during the COVID-19 pandemic than before it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seojin Stacey Lee
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yerin Shim
- Department of Psychology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jongan Choi
- Department of Psychology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Choi J, Kim N, Kim J, Choi I. Longitudinal examinations of changes in well-being during the early period of the COVID-19 pandemic: Testing the roles of extraversion and social distancing. J Res Pers 2022; 101:104306. [PMID: 36246045 PMCID: PMC9550294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2022.104306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present research, by using longitudinal data collected in South Korea (N = 69,986) during the early period of the COVID-19 pandemic (1 January-7 April 2020), examined the pandemic-related changes in the relationship between extraversion and well-being. Multilevel analyses revealed that participants experienced decreased well-being during the pandemic. When analyzing the responses (n = 3,229) completed during all the periods encompassing the COVID-19-related events (e.g., outbreak of COVID-19), we found the greater within-person decreases in well-being among extraverts than introverts after the intensive social distancing. This finding suggests that social distancing, as a necessary means to curb the spread of COVID-19, inadvertently reduced well-being of extraverts. Implications for the person-environment fit literature, limitations, and future research avenues are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongan Choi
- Department of Psychology, Kangwon National University, South Korea,Institute for Hope Research, Sogang University, South Korea
| | - Namhee Kim
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, South Korea
| | - Jinhyung Kim
- Institute for Hope Research, Sogang University, South Korea,Department of Psychology, Sogang University, South Korea,Corresponding authors at: Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, South Korea (J.K.); Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea (I.C.)
| | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, South Korea,Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, South Korea,Corresponding authors at: Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, South Korea (J.K.); Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea (I.C.)
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Kim K, Lee K, Jung J, Choi I, Lee J, Lee J, Lee S, Lee P, Lee S, Yoo K, Yun K, Lee H, Her S. Clinical outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention and rotational atherectomy using second generation drug eluting stents: a Korean multicentre analysis. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of different second generation drug-eluting stents (DES) in patients with calcified coronary lesions who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention using rotational atherectomy.
Methods
This study was based on a multicentre registry which enrolled patients with calcified coronary artery disease who received RA during between January 2010 and October 2019 from 9 tertiary centres in Korea. The primary outcome was target-vessel failure (TVF), defined as the compositae of cardiac death, target-vessel myocardial infarction (MI), and target-vessel revascularisation (TVR). The secondary outcomes were all-cause death, cardiac death, target vessel MI, TVR, cardiovascular accident, stent thrombosis, and total bleeding.
Results
540 patients who underwent PCI after RA were enrolled and followed up for a median period of 16.1 months. From this registry, 439 patients who were treated using second generation DES were selected for further analysis. They were divided into four groups based on the characteristics of the stents used during the procedure. [Group I cobalt-chromium sirolimus eluting stent (CoCr-SES): Ultimaster 48 & Orsiro 30, Group II platinum-chromium everolimus eluting stent (PtCr-EES): Synergy 93 & Promus 70, Group III cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stent (CoCr-EES): Xience 105, Group IV zotarolimus eluting stent (ZES): Resolute 93] There was no inter-group difference in procedural success rates, and the primary outcome of TVF showed no difference across the four groups (I: 10.3%, II: 13.5%, III: 13.3%, IV: 15.1%, log-rank p=0.922). Even after multivariate Cox regression analysis, there was no significant difference in TVF, or the secondary outcomes of all-cause death, cardiac death, target vessel MI, TVR, cardiovascular accident, stent thrombosis, and total bleeding.
Conclusions
There was no difference in procedural success rates and clinical outcomes between four different types of second-generation DES (CoCr-SES, PtCr-EES, CoCr-EES, ZES) in patients who underwent PCI using RA.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kim
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K Lee
- Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital , Daejeon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Jung
- Korea Institute of Toxicology , Daejeon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - I Choi
- St.Marys Hospital , Incheon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Lee
- Chungnam National University Hospital , Daejeon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Lee
- Kyungpook National University Hospital , Daegu , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Lee
- Chonbuk National University Hospital , Jeonju , Korea (Republic of)
| | - P Lee
- Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Lee
- Asan Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K Yoo
- St. Vincent's Hospital , Suwon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K Yun
- Wonkwang University Hospital , Iksan , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Lee
- Sejong General Hospital , Bucheon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Her
- St. Vincent's Hospital , Suwon , Korea (Republic of)
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14
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Lee S, Chey J, Ahn W, Woo C, Youm Y, Kim H, Oh N, Park H, Gim S, Lee E, Choi I. Psychological well‐being and salivary markers of inflammation: The moderating effect of age. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2022; 15:466-478. [PMID: 35851762 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests a significant impact of higher psychological well-being (PWB) on health outcomes; however, such associations have been studied exclusively in middle-aged to older adults. This study examined the aging effect on PWB measures as well as the moderating effect of age on the link between PWB and inflammation, using salivary markers by comparing the younger adults (n = 127; Mage = 22.98 years) versus older adults (n = 75; Mage = 75.60 years). Older adults showed significantly lower levels of PWB, particularly regarding purpose in life and personal growth. Moreover, higher purpose in life was associated with lower salivary IL-1ß and IL-6 (b = 0.83, p < .001; b = 0.81, p < .01) only in the older adult group but not in younger adults. These findings highlight the potential buffering effect of the sense of living well on physiological pathways in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung‐Ha Lee
- Center for Happiness Studies Seoul National University Seoul South Korea
| | - Jeanyung Chey
- Department of Psychology Seoul National University Seoul South Korea
| | - Woo‐Young Ahn
- Department of Psychology Seoul National University Seoul South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Seoul National University Seoul South Korea
| | - Choong‐Wan Woo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Suwon South Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea
| | - Yoosik Youm
- Department of Sociology Yonsei University Seoul South Korea
| | - Hairin Kim
- Department of Psychology Seoul National University Seoul South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry Seoul National University College of Medicine and SMG‐SNU Boramae Medical Center Seoul South Korea
| | - Naeun Oh
- Department of Psychology Seoul National University Seoul South Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Park
- Department of Psychology Seoul National University Seoul South Korea
| | - Suhwan Gim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Suwon South Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea
| | - Eunjin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Suwon South Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea
| | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies Seoul National University Seoul South Korea
- Department of Psychology Seoul National University Seoul South Korea
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15
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Joo YY, Moon SY, Wang HH, Kim H, Lee EJ, Kim JH, Posner J, Ahn WY, Choi I, Kim JW, Cha J. Association of Genome-Wide Polygenic Scores for Multiple Psychiatric and Common Traits in Preadolescent Youths at Risk of Suicide. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2148585. [PMID: 35188556 PMCID: PMC8861848 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.48585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Suicide is the second leading cause of death among youths worldwide, but no available means exist to identify the risk of suicide in this population. OBJECTIVE To assess whether genome-wide polygenic scores for psychiatric and common traits are associated with the risk of suicide among preadolescent children and to investigate whether and to what extent the interaction between early life stress (a major environmental risk factor) and polygenic factors is associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors among youths. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study analyzed the genotype-phenotype data of 11 869 preadolescent children aged 9 to 10 years from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study. Data were collected from September 1, 2016, to October 21, 2018, and analyzed from August 1, 2020, to January 3, 2021. Using machine learning approaches, genome-wide polygenic scores of 24 complex traits were estimated to investigate their phenome-wide associations and utility for assessing risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (suicidal ideation [active, passive, and overall] and suicide attempt). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Genome-wide polygenic scores were used to measure 24 traits, including psychiatric disorders, cognitive capacity, and personality and psychological characteristics. The Child Behavior Checklist was used to measure early life stress, and the Family Environment Scale was used to assess family environment. Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were derived from the computerized version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. RESULTS Among 11 869 preadolescent children in the US, complete data for phenotypic outcomes, genotypes, and covariates were available for 7140 participants in the multiethnic cohort (mean [SD] age, 9.9 [0.6] years; 3588 girls [50.3%]), including 925 participants with suicidal ideation and 63 participants with suicide attempts. Among those 7140 participants, 729 had African ancestry (self-reported race or ethnicity: 569 Black, 71 Hispanic, and 89 other), 276 had admixed American ancestry (self-reported race or ethnicity: 265 Hispanic, 3 White, and 8 other), 150 had East Asian ancestry (self-reported race or ethnicity: 67 Asian, 18 Hispanic, and 65 other), 5718 had European ancestry (self-reported race or ethnicity: 7 Asian, 39 Black, 1142 Hispanic, 3934 White, and 596 other), and 267 had other ancestries (self-reported race or ethnicity: 70 Asian, 13 Black, 126 Hispanic, 48 White, and 10 other). Three genome-wide polygenic scores were significantly associated (false discovery rate P < .05) with suicidal thoughts and behaviors among all participants: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (odds ratio [OR], 1.12; 95% CI, 1.05-1.21; P = .001), schizophrenia (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.17-1.93; P = .002), and general happiness (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83-0.96; P = .002). In the analysis including only children with European ancestry, 3 additional genome-wide polygenic scores with false discovery rate significance were associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors: autism spectrum disorder (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.06-1.31; P = .002), major depressive disorder (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04-1.21; P = .003), and posttraumatic stress disorder (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04-1.21; P = .004). A significant interaction between genome-wide polygenic scores and environment was found, with genetic risk factors for autism spectrum disorder and the level of early life stress associated with increases in the risk of overall suicidal ideation and overall suicidal thoughts and behaviors (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.07-1.35; P = .002). A machine learning model using multitrait genome-wide polygenic scores and additional self-reported questionnaire data (Child Behavior Checklist and Family Environment Scale) produced a moderately accurate estimate of overall suicidal thoughts and behaviors (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC], 0.77; 95% CI, 0.73-0.81; accuracy, 0.67) and suicidal ideation (AUROC, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.72-0.80; accuracy, 0.66) among children with European ancestry only. Among all children in the multiethnic cohort, the integrated model also outperformed the baseline model in estimating the risk of overall suicidal thoughts and behaviors (AUROC, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.67-0.75; accuracy, 0.68) and suicidal ideation (AUROC, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.71-0.78; accuracy, 0.67). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study of preadolescent youths in the US, higher genome-wide polygenic scores for psychiatric disorders, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and schizophrenia, were significantly associated with a greater risk of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt. The findings and quantitative models from this study may help to identify children with a high risk of suicide, potentially assisting with early screening, intervention, and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonjung Yoonie Joo
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Data Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Yoon Moon
- College of Liberal Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Hwan Wang
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjin Kim
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Lee
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Center, Stroke Center, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan Posner
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Woo-Young Ahn
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Incheol Choi
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Kim
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiook Cha
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Artificial Intelligence Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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16
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Wei S, Lin H, Hajj C, Press R, Chhabra A, Choi I, Hasan S, Simone II C, Kang M. FLASH in the Clinic Track (Oral Presentations) DOSE AND DOSE RATE QUANTIFICATION FOR LIVER FLASH TREATMENT PLANNING USING PROTON PBS TRANSMISSION BEAMS. Phys Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01471-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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17
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Choi I, La Monica H, Naismith SL, Rahmanovic A, Mowszowski L, Glozier N. Communicating Personal Risk Profiles of Alzheimer's Disease to Older Adults: A Pilot Trial. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2022; 9:144-150. [PMID: 35098985 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2021.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Communicating personal Alzheimer's disease risk profiles based on validated risk algorithms may improve public knowledge about risk reduction, and initiate action. This proof of concept pilot trial aimed to test whether this is feasible and potentially effective and/or harmful. Older at-risk adults (N=24) were provided with their personal Alzheimer's disease risk profile online, which contained information on their personal risk level, scores and tailored recommendations to manage modifiable risk factors. After receiving the risk profile, participants were significantly more accurate in identifying risk and protective factors, and revised their perceived risk to be lower than their initial estimate. There was no apparent harm seen in psychological distress or dementia-related worry. This shows preliminary support for the feasibility of delivering personal dementia risk profiles to low risk, help-seeking older adults in an online format. A definitive trial examining behavioural outcomes and testing in groups with higher risk profiles is now warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Choi
- Dr Isabella Choi, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia, , +612 8627 7240
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18
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Lee SH, Cole SW, Park J, Choi I. Loneliness and immune gene expression in Korean adults: The moderating effect of social orientation. Health Psychol 2021; 40:686-691. [PMID: 34881936 DOI: 10.1037/hea0001133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Loneliness, the distress experienced from a perceived lack of desired interpersonal relationship, is detrimental to mental and physical well-being. One of the physiological correlates of chronic loneliness is alteration of immune transcriptional profiles, characterized by up-regulation of proinflammatory response and down-regulation of antiviral response, called conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA) gene expression. Here, we examined whether the loneliness-CTRA link would be moderated by individual differences in social orientation-that is, the degree to which individuals are collectivistic versus individualistic. METHOD In a sample of 152 Korean adults (aged 20 to 69, mean age = 44.64, 50% female), we examined the relationship between loneliness and blood cell CTRA gene expression as moderated by individual levels of collectivism (vs. individualism). RESULTS As predicted, social orientation significantly moderated the loneliness-CTRA link. Loneliness was associated with elevated CTRA expression among Koreans with high levels of collectivism (vs. individualism). In contrast, the loneliness-CTRA link was completely absent among those with lower levels of collectivism (vs. individualism). CONCLUSION The current finding highlights the role that individual variation in social orientation plays in modulating the risk of loneliness on adverse health outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ha Lee
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University
| | - Steven W Cole
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Dallas
| | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University
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19
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Na J, Kim N, Suk HW, Choi E, Choi JA, Kim JH, Kim S, Choi I. Individualism-collectivism during the COVID-19 pandemic: A field study testing the pathogen stress hypothesis of individualism-collectivism in Korea. Pers Individ Dif 2021; 183:111127. [PMID: 36569789 PMCID: PMC9757850 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The pathogen stress hypothesis posits that pathogen-related threats influence regional and individual differences in collectivism since behavioral practices associated with collectivism limit the spread of infectious diseases. In support of the hypothesis, previous research demonstrates the association between individualism/collectivism and pathogen stress based on historical records or experimental manipulation. However, it is still unclear whether individuals would indeed value collectivism during the outbreak of infectious diseases. Thus, we investigated the concurrent effects of pathogen-related stress on the endorsement of individualism/collectivism by examining 9322 Koreans for 14 weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results revealed that the level of collectivism among respondents were higher after than before the COVID-19 outbreak. Moreover, the average level of collectivism on a given day showed a significant association with the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases on the same day during the outbreak. Interestingly, individualism did not significantly change for the same period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkyung Na
- Department of Psychology, Sogang University, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhee Kim
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Suk
- Department of Psychology, Sogang University, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsoo Choi
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong An Choi
- Department of Psychology, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Kim
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Soolim Kim
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea,Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author at: Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
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20
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Lee SS, Yu K, Choi E, Choi I. To drink, or to exercise: That is (not) the question! Daily effects of alcohol consumption and exercise on well-being. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2021; 14:555-571. [PMID: 34796673 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Drinking alcohol and exercising are two of the most popular ways of dealing with stress. Despite the fact that they often co-occur, few studies have examined the role of the two activities together in everyday well-being. The current research aimed to investigate the dynamics between these two daily activities and various indices of well-being in a natural environment by using a daily diary method and ecological momentary assessment. We asked 478 adults to record their alcohol intake, exercising activity, and momentary well-being, three times a day for 2 weeks. Significant detrimental effects of drinking alcohol and beneficial effects of exercising on well-being were observed on the next day, whereas no significant effect of well-being was found on the likelihood of drinking and exercising on the second day. Furthermore, sleep quality was identified as one of the factors influencing the changes of well-being induced by the drinking and exercising engaged in the previous day. The present research allows us to deepen our understanding of the lagged relationship between the daily activities of drinking alcohol/exercising and well-being and demonstrates the underlying mechanism for the observed effects. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seojin Stacey Lee
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyunghwa Yu
- College of Commerce, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eunsoo Choi
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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21
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Kim WS, Rai S, Ando K, Choi I, Izutsu K, Tsukamoto N, Yokoyama M, Tsukasaki K, Kuroda J, Ando J, Hidaka M, Koh Y, Shibayama H, Uchida T, Yang DH, Ishitsuka K, Ishizawa K, Kim JS, Lee HG, Minami H, Eom HS, Nagai H, Kurosawa M, Lee JH, Lee WS, Shindo T, Yoon DH, Yoshida S, Gillings M, Onogi H, Tobinai K. A PHASE 2B OPEN‐LABEL SINGLE ARM STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF HBI‐8000 (TUCIDINOSTAT) IN PATIENTS WITH RELAPSED OR REFRACTORY PERIPHERAL T‐CELL LYMPHOMA (PTCL). Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.121_2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. S. Kim
- Samsung Medical Center Division of Hematology‐Oncology Seoul Korea
| | - S. Rai
- Kindai University Hospital Department of Hematology and Rheumatology Faculty of Medicine Osakasayama Japan
| | - K. Ando
- Tokai University Hospital Department of Hematology and Oncology Isehara Japan
| | - I. Choi
- National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center Department of Hematology Fukuoka Japan
| | - K. Izutsu
- National Cancer Center Hospital Department of Hematology Tokyo Japan
| | - N. Tsukamoto
- Gunma University Hospital Oncology Center Maebashi Japan
| | - M. Yokoyama
- The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research Department of Hematology and Oncology Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Tsukasaki
- International Medical Center Saitama Medical University Department of Hematology Saitama Japan
| | - J. Kuroda
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology Kyoto Japan
| | - J. Ando
- Juntendo University Hospital Department of Hematology Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Hidaka
- National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center Department of Hematology Kumamoto Japan
| | - Y. Koh
- Seoul National University Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - H. Shibayama
- Osaka University Hospital Department of Hematology and Oncology Suita Japan
| | - T. Uchida
- Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital Department of Hematology and Oncology Nagoya Japan
| | - D. H. Yang
- Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Department of Hematology Hwasun Korea
| | - K. Ishitsuka
- Kagoshima University Hospital Department of Hematology and Rheumatology Kagoshima Japan
| | - K. Ishizawa
- Yamagata University Hospital Department of Third Internal Medicine Yamagata Japan
| | - J. S. Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine Severance Hospital Division of Hematology Department of Internal Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - H. G. Lee
- Konkuk University Medical Center Department of Hematology & Oncology Seoul Korea
| | - H. Minami
- Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine and Hospital Department of Medical Oncology/Hematology Kobe Japan
| | - H. S. Eom
- National Cancer Center Center for Hematologic Malignancy Goyang‐si Korea
| | - H. Nagai
- National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center Clinical Research Center Nagoya Japan
| | - M. Kurosawa
- National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Cancer Center Department of Hematology Sapporo Japan
| | - J. H. Lee
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center Division of Hematology Incheon Korea
| | - W. S. Lee
- Inje University Busan Paik Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Busan Korea
| | - T. Shindo
- Kyoto University Hospital Department of Hematology and Oncology Kyoto Japan
| | - D. H. Yoon
- Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Department of Oncology Seoul Korea
| | - S. Yoshida
- National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center Department of Hematology Omura Japan
| | - M. Gillings
- HUYA Bioscience International LLC, CEO & Executive Chair CA USA
| | - H. Onogi
- HUYA Bioscience International Executive Vice President, Head of Clinical Development‐Japan Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Tobinai
- National Cancer Center Hospital Department of Hematology Tokyo Japan
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22
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Izutsu K, Utsunomiya A, Jo T, Yoshida S, Ando K, Choi I, Imaizumi Y, Kato K, Kurosawa M, Kusumoto S, Miyagi T, Ohtsuka E, Sasaki O, Shibayama H, Shimoda K, Takamatsu Y, Takano K, Tsukasaki K, Makita S, Yonekura K, Taguchi J, Gillings M, Onogi H, Tobinai K. A PHASE 2B STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF TUCIDINOSTAT (HBI‐8000) IN JAPANESE PATIENTS WITH RELAPSED OR REFRACTORY ADULT T‐CELL LEUKEMIA‐LYMPHOMA (ATL). Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.122_2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Izutsu
- National Cancer Center Hospital Department of Hematology Tokyo Japan
| | - A. Utsunomiya
- Imamura General Hospital Department of Hematology Kagoshima Japan
| | - T. Jo
- Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital Department of Hematology Nagasaki Japan
| | - S. Yoshida
- National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center Department of Hematology Omura Japan
| | - K. Ando
- Tokai University Hospital Department of Hematology/Oncology Kanagawa Japan
| | - I. Choi
- National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center Department of Hematology Fukuoka Japan
| | - Y. Imaizumi
- Nagasaki University Hospital Department of Hematology Nagasaki Japan
| | - K. Kato
- Kyushu University Hospital Department of Hematology Oncology & Cardiovascular medicine Fukuoka Japan
| | - M. Kurosawa
- National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Cancer Center Department of Hematology Sapporo Japan
| | - S. Kusumoto
- Nagoya City University Hospital Division of Hematology and Oncology Aichi Japan
| | - T. Miyagi
- Heartlife Hospital Department of Hematology Okinawa Japan
| | - E. Ohtsuka
- Oita Prefectural Hospital Department of Hematology Oita Japan
| | - O. Sasaki
- Miyagi Cancer Center Division of Hematology Miyagi Japan
| | - H. Shibayama
- Osaka University Hospital Department of Hematology and Oncology Osaka Japan
| | - K. Shimoda
- University of Miyazaki Hospital Department of Hematology Miyazaki Japan
| | - Y. Takamatsu
- Fukuoka University Hospital Department of Medical Oncology Hematology and Infectious Diseases Fukuoka Japan
| | - K. Takano
- Oita University Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology Faculty of Medicine Oita Japan
| | - K. Tsukasaki
- International Medical Center Saitama Medical University Department of Hematology Saitama Japan
| | - S. Makita
- National Cancer Center Hospital Department of Hematology Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Yonekura
- Imamura General Hospital Department of Dermatology Kagoshima Japan
| | - J. Taguchi
- Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital Department of Hematology Nagasaki Japan
| | - M. Gillings
- HUYA Bioscience International LLC CEO & Executive Chair San Diego USA
| | - H. Onogi
- HUYA Bioscience International LLC Executive Vice President, Head of Clinical Development‐Japan Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Tobinai
- National Cancer Center Hospital Department of Hematology Tokyo Japan
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Choi I, Kim JH, Kim N, Choi E, Choi J, Suk HW, Na J. How COVID-19 affected mental well-being: An 11- week trajectories of daily well-being of Koreans amidst COVID-19 by age, gender and region. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250252. [PMID: 33891642 PMCID: PMC8064534 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the daily well-being of Koreans (n = 353,340) for 11 weeks during the COVID-19 pandemic (January 20 -April 7). We analyzed whether and how life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, and life meaning changed during the outbreak. First, we found that the well-being of Koreans changed daily in a cubic fashion, such that it declined and recovered during the early phase but declined substantially during the later phase (after COVID- 19 was declared world pandemic by WHO). Second, unlike other emotions, boredom displayed a distinctive pattern of linear increase, especially for younger people, suggesting that boredom might be, in part, responsible for their inability to comply with social distancing recommendations. Third, the well-being of older people and males changed less compared to younger people and females. Finally, daily well-being dropped significantly more in the hard-hit regions than in other regions. Implications and limitations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Incheol Choi
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Kim
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhee Kim
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsoo Choi
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongan Choi
- Department of Psychology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Suk
- Department of Psychology, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyung Na
- Department of Psychology, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim JH, Shim Y, Choi I, Choi E. The Role of Coping Strategies in Maintaining Well-Being During the COVID-19 Outbreak in South Korea. Social Psychological and Personality Science 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550621990595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose an unprecedented challenge for the world as people strive to cope with this significant threat to their well-being. This intensive longitudinal study of the first 94 days of the COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea (Phase 1: initial outbreak, Phase 2: intense social distancing) examined individuals’ changes in well-being, in relation to their use of coping strategies and fear of infection. A sample of 10,464 South Koreans participated in surveys during Phase 1 and Phase 2, resulting in 35,846 observations. Multilevel growth models revealed a decrease in well-being while different coping strategies moderated the individual rate of change in well-being. Although preventive measures were associated with a greater decrease in well-being, cognitive appraisal and behavioral strategies predicted stable well-being during the pandemic. Coping strategies further mediated the association between fear of infection and deterioration of well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hyun Kim
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- These authors contributed equally as first authors
| | - Yerin Shim
- Department of Psychology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
- These authors contributed equally as first authors
| | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunsoo Choi
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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Choi I, Park SY, Lee SW, Kang Z, Jin YS, Kim IW. Dissolution enhancement of sorafenib tosylate by co-milling with tetradecanol post-extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide. Pharmazie 2020; 75:13-17. [PMID: 32033627 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2020.9120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
Sorafenib (SOR) is an important multikinase inhibitor for the treatment of cancers. It is commercially available (Nexavar from Bayer) in the form of sorafenib tosylate (SORt) due to its very low solubility. Studies have been made to further improve the dissolution behavior of the tosylate form (SORt), which could ultimately moderate the currently high daily dose. In the present study, SORt nanoparticles (SORt-NP) were prepared through a process that combined two industrially well-accepted techniques of co-milling and supercritical extraction. SORt was co-milled with hydrophilic polymers and tetradecanol, and the tetradecanol was post-extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide. The process enabled the formation of SORt-NP without using any toxic organic solvents, and the drug/excipient ratio (1:0.38) was substantially higher than determined in other studies (1:5.4-10). The enhanced dissolution behavior of SORt-NP was possible with an optimized number of milling cycles. Combining co-milling and supercritical extraction was able to form overall porous network structures with reduced crystallite size, which accelerated the dissolution of SORt-NP. The current method could be easily extended to other poorly soluble drugs as a general approach to improve their dissolution behaviors.
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Suk HW, Choi E, Na J, Choi J, Choi I. Within-person day-of-week effects on affective and evaluative/cognitive well-being among Koreans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 21:1114-1118. [PMID: 33289572 DOI: 10.1037/emo0000930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Day-of-week (DOW) effects such as "blue Monday," "Thank God it's Friday" (TGIF), and weekend effects have mostly been investigated using a cross-sectional approach with Western samples and focusing on hedonic aspects of well-being. Using large-scale data (N = 859,749) containing multiple observations per person collected from Koreans, we examined various patterns of DOW effects on comprehensive measures of well-being. Unlike previous studies, we examined DOW effects at the within-person level. Blue Monday and TGIF effects were evident across affective and evaluative/cognitive aspects of well-being, and the Thursday nadir phenomenon was also found. The DOW effects were consistent for the affective well-being, whereas no weekend effects were observed for the cognitive aspects, including life satisfaction and meaning in life. The DOW effects were moderated by gender and age groups, with younger people tending to experience more salient DOW effects and women identifying fewer benefits from DOW effects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Abstract
With increasing attention being paid to improving emotional well-being, recent evidence points to gut microbiota as a key player in regulating mental and physical health via bidirectional communication between the brain and gut. Here, we examine the association between emotional well-being and gut microbiome profiles (i.e., gut microbiome composition, diversity, and the moderating role of the enterotypes) among healthy Korean adults (n = 83, mean age = 48.9, SD = 13.2). The research was performed using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing to obtain gut microbiome profiles, as well as a self-report survey that included the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The cluster-based analysis identified two enterotypes dominated by the genera Bacteroides (n = 49) and Prevotella (n = 34). Generalized linear regression analysis reveals significant associations between positive emotion and gut microbiome diversity (Shannon Index) among participants in the Prevotella dominant group, whereas no such relationship emerged among participants in the Bacteroides group. Moreover, a novel genus from the family Lachnospiraceae is associated with emotional well-being scores, both positive and negative. Together, the current findings highlight the enterotype-specific links between the gut microbiota community and emotion in healthy adults and suggest the possible roles of the gut microbiome in promoting mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ha Lee
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Namil Kim
- ChunLab, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Uigi Min
- ChunLab, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsik Chun
- ChunLab, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim M, Park K, Choi I. The metabolic suppressor 3-iodothyronamine enhances lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via activation of the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/forkhead box O1 signaling pathway. J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 71. [PMID: 33077693 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2020.3.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major health concern in modern societies as it is linked to diverse chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, stroke, and skeletomuscular disorders. This study aimed to investigate the lipolytic potency of the metabolic suppressor 3-iodothyronamine (T1AM) and its molecular mechanism in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Cells stained with Oil Red O showed a remarkable accumulation of lipid droplets by 20-d post-differentiation and a plateau at 26 - 30 day. Treatment with 100 μM T1AM for 6 h increased the liberation of free fatty acids (FFAs) and glycerol (P < 0.05) detected in the culture media. However, this stimulatory effect was significantly suppressed by ATGListatin, an inhibitor of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), suggesting that ATGL plays a rate-limiting role in triglyceride (TG) turnover. To understand the lipolytic mechanism, immunoblotting and confocal image analyses of the T1AM-treated and control groups were conducted. The elevated lipolysis was accompanied by increases in the phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), nuclear localization of forkhead box O1 (FoxO1), and expression of monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) protein (P < 0.05). Finally, the treated cells exhibited downregulated expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) relative to p-ACC and increased protein expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) (P < 0.05). Taken together, T1AM showed lipolytic potency via activation of the AMPK/FoxO1/ATGL/MGL axis for decomposing TGs to FFAs and glycerol and of the AMPK/ACC/CPT1 pathway in facilitating the mobilization of FFAs into the mitochondria, highlighting its therapeutic potential for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kim
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - K Park
- Medical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - I Choi
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
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Lee SH, Choi I, Choi E, Lee M, Kwon Y, Oh B, Cole SW. Psychological well-being and gene expression in Korean adults: The role of age. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 120:104785. [PMID: 32622293 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Happiness has traditionally been thought to comprise two parts - pleasure (hedonia) and meaning (eudaimonia). Even though the two types of happiness are correlated, genomics studies have found distinct transcriptional correlates of hedonia and eudaimonia, particularly in the Conserved Transcriptional Response to Adversity (CTRA) marked by up-regulation of proinflammatory genes and down-regulation of interferon-related genes. Eudaimonia has been associated with reduced CTRA gene expression in several studies, whereas hedonia shows no consistent association with the CTRA. However, most of these social genomics studies have been conducted in Western cultures with Caucasian samples, so it is unclear if these findings extended to non-Western cultures with other ethnic groups. Moreover, it is unknown whether age might modify the association between CTRA gene expression and eudaimonia. To this end, we examined in a sample of Koreans the relationship between CTRA profiles and measures of hedonia and eudaimonia, as well as the role of age in modulating the strength of those relationships. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 152 healthy Korean adults (mean age = 44.64; 50 % female). Well-being was measured using the Mental Health Continuum short form (MHC-SF), Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-being (PWB), and subjective well-being (SWB) scales. RNA transcriptome profiles were obtained by RNA sequencing. Mixed effect linear model analyses examined the association between CTRA gene expression and measures of MHC-SF, SWB, PWB (total scores and six subscales) and additional analyses examined a possible moderating role of age. RESULTS CTRA gene expression was significantly downregulated in association with the MHC-SF eudaimonic scores as well as the PWB total scores. Among the six domains of PWB, autonomy showed the strongest inverse correlation with CTRA profiles. Moreover, the inverse association between CTRA and PWB was stronger for older participants. CONCLUSION Eudaimonia is associated with reduced CTRA gene expression in a Korean population, with particularly marked relationships for autonomy. Findings also suggest that aging with meaning may bring biological advantage in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ha Lee
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Incheol Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Eunsoo Choi
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minha Lee
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yuri Kwon
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bumjo Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, SMG- SNU Boramae Medical Center, South Korea
| | - Steven W Cole
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
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Choi I, Yu J, Lee J, Choi E. Essentializing happiness reduces one's motivation to be happier. J Pers 2020; 89:437-450. [PMID: 32852780 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study examined the essentialist lay theories of happiness (i.e., beliefs that happiness is determined by one's genes and hence, immutable) and its implications for motivation to enhance one's happiness level. METHOD Study 1 (N = 454) developed a scale called the "Essentialist Beliefs about Happiness (EBH)" and Study 2 (N = 207) validated the scale by comprehensively examining conceptually overlapping constructs related to the EBH. In Study 3 (N = 401) and Study 4 (N = 452), by utilizing correlational and experimental methods, we tested the effect of the EBH on motivation to enhance happiness. RESULTS Using the scale developed and validated in Study 1 and Study 2, Study 3 and Study 4 found that the essentialist beliefs about happiness predicted reduced motivation to be happier. Specifically, participants with greater essentialist beliefs about happiness were less likely to engage in happiness-boosting activities. Specifically, those who believed that happiness is influenced by one's attitude and effort had greater intention to engage in happiness-boosting activities. CONCLUSIONS The present results provide new insight into the role of individual differences in essentialist lay theories of happiness in motivational state in well-being domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Incheol Choi
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekyung Yu
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyeon Lee
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsoo Choi
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
This study explored the cultural differences in the false consensus effect (FCE) between Koreans and European Americans. Two studies adopted a traditional false consensus paradigm and investigated the relative magnitude of the FCE between the two cultures in three different categories of personal choices (Study 1) and behavioral choices involving hypothetical conflict situations (Study 2). The FCE was observed in both the cultures and the effect tended to be stronger among Koreans than European Americans. However, the results from Study 1 also demonstrated that this cultural effect depends on the domain of choices. Cultural implications were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Incheol Choi
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Oona Cha
- School of Business Administration, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Hong EK, Choi I. Oh Darling, This Too Shall Pass: Cyclic Perceptions of Change Keep You in Romantic Relationships Longer During Difficult Times. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0022022119880337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present research explored how individual differences in perceptions of change (cyclic vs. linear) influence relational decisions. Three studies examined whether cyclic perceptions of change, a central feature of holistic thinking, keep people in romantic relationships longer due to the belief that hardships too shall pass. Study 1 found that cyclic perceivers reported greater endurance against relational transgressions than linear perceivers. In Studies 2a and 2b, cyclic perceivers reported fewer breakups in romantic relationships (Study 2a) and showed less willingness to break up (Study 2b) than linear perceivers due to their stronger relational endurance. Through a longitudinal examination, Study 3 evidenced that cyclic perceivers were more likely to remain in romantic relationships than linear perceivers over 1 year. The current studies provide new insight into how individual differences in perceptions of change contribute to decision-making in romantic relationships.
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Shin LJ, Layous K, Choi I, Na S, Lyubomirsky S. Good for self or good for others? The well-being benefits of kindness in two cultures depend on how the kindness is framed. The Journal of Positive Psychology 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2019.1651894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lilian J. Shin
- Department of Psychology, University of California , Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Kristin Layous
- Department of Psychology, California State University , East Bay, Hayward, CA, USA
| | - Incheol Choi
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University , Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soojung Na
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University , Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sonja Lyubomirsky
- Department of Psychology, University of California , Riverside, CA, USA
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Kanno M, Miura K, Masaki Y, Tsujimura H, Iino M, Takizawa J, Maeda Y, Yamamoto K, Tamura S, Yoshida A, Yagi H, Yoshida I, Kitazume K, Masunari T, Choi I, Kakinoki Y, Suzuki R, Yoshino T, Nakamura S, Yoshida T. CONSOLIDATION THERAPY USING 90
Y-IBRITUMOMAB TIUXETAN AFTER BENDAMUSTINE AND RITUXIMAB FOR RELAPSED FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA; A MULTICENTER, PHASE II STUDY (BRiZ2012). Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.61_2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Kanno
- Oncology Center; Nara Medical University Hospital; Kashihara Japan
| | - K. Miura
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology; Nihon University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Masaki
- Department of Hematology and Immunology; Kanazawa Medical University; Ishikawa Japan
| | - H. Tsujimura
- Division of Medical Oncology; Chiba Cancer Center; Chiba Japan
| | - M. Iino
- Department of Medical Oncology; Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital; Kofu Japan
| | - J. Takizawa
- Department of Hematology; Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine; Niigata Japan
| | - Y. Maeda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology; Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama Japan
| | - K. Yamamoto
- Department of Hematology; Okayama City Hospital; Okayama Japan
| | - S. Tamura
- Department of Hematology/Oncology; Kinan Hospital; Tanabe Japan
| | - A. Yoshida
- Department of Hematology; Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital; Toyama Japan
| | - H. Yagi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology; Nara Prefecture General Medical Center; Nara Japan
| | - I. Yoshida
- Department of Hematologic Oncology; National Hospital Organization, Shikoku Cancer Center; Matsuyama Japan
| | - K. Kitazume
- Department of Hematology; Showa General Hospital; Kodaira Japan
| | - T. Masunari
- Department of Infectious Diseases; Chugoku Central Hospital; Fukuyama Japan
| | - I. Choi
- Department of Hematology; National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Cancer Center; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Y. Kakinoki
- Department of Hematology; Asahikawa City Hospital; Ashikawa Japan
| | - R. Suzuki
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Innovative Cancer Center; Shimane University Hospital; Izumo Japan
| | - T. Yoshino
- Department of Pathology; Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama Japan
| | - S. Nakamura
- Department of Pathology and Biological Response; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - T. Yoshida
- Member; Society of Lymphoma Treatment in Japan (SoLT-J); Kanazawa Japan
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Yamaguchi M, Suzuki R, Oguchi M, Miyazaki K, Taguchi S, Amaki J, Maeda T, Kubota N, Maruyama D, Terui Y, Sekiguchi N, Takizawa J, Tsukamoto H, Murayama T, Ando T, Matsuoka H, Hasegawa M, Wada H, Sakai R, Kameoka Y, Tsukamoto N, Choi I, Masaki Y, Shimada K, Fukuhara N, Utsumi T, Uoshima N, Kagami Y, Asano N, Katayama N. CLINICAL OUTCOMES AND DIAGNOSIS-TO-TREATMENT INTERVAL IN PATIENTS WITH NK/T-CELL LYMPHOMA: 7-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF THE NKEA STUDY. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.86_2630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Yamaguchi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology; Mie University Graduate School of Medicine; Tsu Japan
| | - R. Suzuki
- Oncology and Hematology; Shimane University Hospital; Izumo Japan
| | - M. Oguchi
- Radiation Oncology; Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Miyazaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology; Mie University Graduate School of Medicine; Tsu Japan
| | - S. Taguchi
- Radiation Oncology; Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research; Tokyo Japan
| | - J. Amaki
- Hematology and Oncology; Tokai University School of Medicine; Kanagawa Japan
| | - T. Maeda
- Hematology; Kurashiki Central Hospital; Kurashiki Japan
| | - N. Kubota
- Hematology; Saitama Cancer Center; Ina Japan
| | - D. Maruyama
- Hematology; National Cancer Center Hospital; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Terui
- Hematology Oncology; Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research; Tokyo Japan
| | - N. Sekiguchi
- Comprehensive Cancer Therapy; Shinshu University School of Medicine; Matsumoto Japan
| | - J. Takizawa
- Hematology; Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine; Niigata Japan
| | - H. Tsukamoto
- Hematology; Showa University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Murayama
- Hematology; Hyogo Cancer Center; Akashi Japan
| | - T. Ando
- Hematology; Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Saga University; Saga Japan
| | - H. Matsuoka
- Medical Oncology/Hematology; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | - M. Hasegawa
- Radiation Oncology; Nara Medical University; Kashihara Japan
| | - H. Wada
- Hematology; Kawasaki Medical School; Kurashiki Japan
| | - R. Sakai
- Medical Oncology; Kanagawa Cancer Center; Yokohama Japan
| | - Y. Kameoka
- Hematology; Nephrology and Rheumatology, Akita University; Akita Japan
| | - N. Tsukamoto
- Oncology Center; Gunma University Hospital; Maebashi Japan
| | - I. Choi
- Hematology; National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Y. Masaki
- Hematology and Immunology; Kanazawa Medical University; Kanazawa Japan
| | - K. Shimada
- Hematology and Oncology; Nagoya University School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - N. Fukuhara
- Hematology & Rheumatology; Tohoku University School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| | - T. Utsumi
- Hematology; Shiga Medical Center for Adults; Moriyama Japan
| | - N. Uoshima
- Hematology; Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital; Kyoto Japan
| | - Y. Kagami
- Hematology; Toyota Kosei Hospital; Toyota Japan
| | - N. Asano
- Molecular Diagnostics; Shinshu Medical Center; Suzaka Japan
| | - N. Katayama
- Department of Hematology and Oncology; Mie University Graduate School of Medicine; Tsu Japan
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Lee H, Joo Y, Lee S, Parahipta D, Choi I, Kim D, Kim S. PSXI-9 Effects of cultivation stages on in vitro rumen digestibility and fermentation characteristics of sprouted barley. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Lee
- Gyeongsang National University,Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Joo
- Gyeongsang National University,Jinju, South Korea
| | - S Lee
- Gyeongsang National University,Jinju, South Korea
| | - D Parahipta
- Gyeongsang National University,Jinju, South Korea
| | - I Choi
- Joongbu Univerisity,Geumsan, Ch’ungch’ong-namdo, South Korea
| | - D Kim
- University of Florida,Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - S Kim
- Gyeongsang National University,Jinju, Republic of Korea
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Kanno M, Miura K, Masaki Y, Tsujimura H, Iino M, Takizawa J, Maeda Y, Yamamoto K, Tamura S, Yoshida A, Yagi H, Yoshida I, Kitazume K, Masunari T, Choi I, Kakinoki Y, Yoshino T, Nakamura S, Yoshida T. Bendamustine and rituximab followed by 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan for relapsed follicular lymphoma: A preliminary analysis of a multicenter, prospective phase II study (BRiZ2012). Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy286.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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38
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Choi I, Lim S, Catapano R, Choi J. Comparing two roads to success: Self-control predicts achievement and positive affect predicts relationships. Journal of Research in Personality 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Deady M, Johnston DA, Glozier N, Milne D, Choi I, Mackinnon A, Mykletun A, Calvo RA, Gayed A, Bryant R, Christensen H, Harvey SB. A smartphone application for treating depressive symptoms: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2018; 18:166. [PMID: 29859060 PMCID: PMC5984798 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-018-1752-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a commonly occurring disorder linked to diminished role functioning and quality of life. The development of treatments that overcome barriers to accessing treatment remains an important area of clinical research as most people delay or do not receive treatment at an appropriate time. The workplace is an ideal setting to roll-out an intervention, particularly given the substantial psychological benefits associated with remaining in the workforce. Mobile health (mhealth) interventions utilising smartphone applications (apps) offer novel solutions to disseminating evidence based programs, however few apps have undergone rigorous testing. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a smartphone app designed to treat depressive symptoms in workers. METHODS The present study is a multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT), comparing the effectiveness of the intervention to that of an attention control. The primary outcome measured will be reduced depressive symptoms at 3 months. Secondary outcomes such as wellbeing and work performance will also be measured. Employees from a range of industries will be recruited via a mixture of targeted social media advertising and Industry partners. Participants will be included if they present with likely current depression at baseline. Following baseline assessment (administered within the app), participants will be randomised to receive one of two versions of the Headgear application: 1) Intervention (a 30-day mental health intervention focusing on behavioural activation and mindfulness), or 2) attention control app (mood monitoring for 30 days). Participants will be blinded to their allocation. Analyses will be conducted within an intention to treat framework using mixed modelling. DISCUSSION The results of this trial will provide valuable information about the effectiveness of mhealth interventions in the treatment of depressive symptoms in a workplace context. TRIAL REGISTRATION The current trial is registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ( ACTRN12617000547347 , Registration date: 19/04/2017).
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Deady
- Black Dog Institute; Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - D. A. Johnston
- Black Dog Institute; Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - N. Glozier
- Central Clinical School, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - D. Milne
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- School of Systems Management and Leadership, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - I. Choi
- Central Clinical School, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - A. Mackinnon
- Black Dog Institute; Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - A. Mykletun
- Department of Mental Health and Suicide, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
- Centre for Work and Mental Health, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway
- Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - R. A. Calvo
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - A. Gayed
- School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - R. Bryant
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - H. Christensen
- Black Dog Institute; Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - S. B. Harvey
- Black Dog Institute; Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
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Kim E, Rew HJ, Shin TK, Cho HM, Wickramasuriya SS, Yi YJ, Jeong J, Choi I, Heo JM. Standard Body Weight and Serum Estradiol and Progesterone Concentrations in Response to Total Lysine Content in Female Broiler Breeders from 14 to 42 Days after Hatch. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Kim
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - HJ Rew
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - TK Shin
- Chonbuk National University, South Korea
| | - HM Cho
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | | | - YJ Yi
- Chonbuk National University, South Korea
| | - J Jeong
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - I Choi
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - JM Heo
- Chungnam National University, South Korea
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Choi E, Kwon Y, Lee M, Choi J, Choi I. Social Relatedness and Physical Health Are More Strongly Related in Older Than Younger Adults: Findings from the Korean Adult Longitudinal Study. Front Psychol 2018; 9:3. [PMID: 29403415 PMCID: PMC5780438 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research indicates that social relatedness is beneficial to physical health; however, findings on the relative strength of the relationship between these variables have been inconsistent. The present study employed cross-sectional survey (Study 1) and a daily diary survey (Study 2) to examine the link between social relatedness and physical health by age. Using a representative sample of Korean adults (N = 371) aged from 20 to 69, Study 1 examines the link between social relatedness (loneliness, perceived social support) and physical health (physical symptoms, chronic health conditions) using age as a moderator. The results show that participants' age moderates the association between social relatedness and physical health. Study 2 (N = 384) further corroborated the findings from Study 1 by showing that when controlling for the physical symptoms experienced prior to the daily diary reports, the level of loneliness experienced over a 13-day period exacerbates the age differences in the physical symptoms. The present study thus provides converging evidence that social relatedness plays a significant role in physical health, particularly in the older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsoo Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yuri Kwon
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minha Lee
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jongan Choi
- Center for Happiness Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Incheol Choi
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Jeong J, Sa SJ, Chung H, Baek S, Choi I. A Dual Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor, Zardaverine (Type 3/4), Enhances Motility of Frozen-thawed Boar Sperm. Cryo Letters 2018; 39:196-200. [PMID: 30059566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryopreserved semen is useful for animal breeding via artificial insemination (AI); however, the use of frozen-thawed boar sperm is limited due to cryodamage. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to improve post-thaw motility of boar semen by supplementing the thawing medium with a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, Zardaverine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thawed boar semen samples were treated with different concentrations of Zardaverine (0, 20, 50, 75, 100 µM) and the motility was evaluated using a computer-assisted sperm analyser. Toxic effects (sperm viability, DNA integrity, mitochondrial activity) were examined by eosin-nigrosin staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and MitoTracker. RESULTS Sperm motility values included curvilinear velocity, rectilinear speed, average value, linearity index, straightness index, and progressive motility. The kinetic values were significantly higher with the 50 uM Zardaverine supplementation compared to non-treated control. Furthermore, there were no toxic effects of the Zardaverine treatment. CONCLUSION The dual phosphodiesterase inhibitor (type 3/4) Zardaverine significantly enhanced the motility of thawed spermatozoa without adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jeong
- Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Sa
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanjugun, Jeollabuk-do, 55356, Republic of Korea
| | - H Chung
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanjugun, Jeollabuk-do, 55356, Republic of Korea
| | - S Baek
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanjugun, Jeollabuk-do, 55356, Republic of Korea
| | - I Choi
- Division of Animal and Dairy Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea. ;
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Aghasyan M, Akhunzyanov R, Alexeev GD, Alexeev MG, Amoroso A, Andrieux V, Anfimov NV, Anosov V, Antoshkin A, Augsten K, Augustyniak W, Austregesilo A, Azevedo CDR, Badełek B, Balestra F, Ball M, Barth J, Beck R, Bedfer Y, Bernhard J, Bicker K, Bielert ER, Birsa R, Bodlak M, Bordalo P, Bradamante F, Bressan A, Büchele M, Chang WC, Chatterjee C, Chiosso M, Choi I, Chung SU, Cicuttin A, Crespo ML, Dalla Torre S, Dasgupta SS, Dasgupta S, Denisov OY, Dhara L, Donskov SV, Doshita N, Dreisbach C, Dünnweber W, Dziewiecki M, Efremov A, Eversheim PD, Faessler M, Ferrero A, Finger M, Finger M, Fischer H, Franco C, du Fresne von Hohenesche N, Friedrich JM, Frolov V, Fuchey E, Gautheron F, Gavrichtchouk OP, Gerassimov S, Giarra J, Giordano F, Gnesi I, Gorzellik M, Grasso A, Grosse Perdekamp M, Grube B, Grussenmeyer T, Guskov A, Hahne D, Hamar G, von Harrach D, Heinsius FH, Heitz R, Herrmann F, Horikawa N, d'Hose N, Hsieh CY, Huber S, Ishimoto S, Ivanov A, Ivanshin Y, Iwata T, Jary V, Joosten R, Jörg P, Kabuß E, Kerbizi A, Ketzer B, Khaustov GV, Khokhlov YA, Kisselev Y, Klein F, Koivuniemi JH, Kolosov VN, Kondo K, Königsmann K, Konorov I, Konstantinov VF, Kotzinian AM, Kouznetsov OM, Kral Z, Krämer M, Kremser P, Krinner F, Kroumchtein ZV, Kulinich Y, Kunne F, Kurek K, Kurjata RP, Kveton A, Lednev AA, Levillain M, Levorato S, Lian YS, Lichtenstadt J, Longo R, Maggiora A, Magnon A, Makins N, Makke N, Mallot GK, Marianski B, Martin A, Marzec J, Matoušek J, Matsuda H, Matsuda T, Meshcheryakov GV, Meyer M, Meyer W, Mikhailov YV, Mikhasenko M, Mitrofanov E, Mitrofanov N, Miyachi Y, Nagaytsev A, Nerling F, Neyret D, Nový J, Nowak WD, Nukazuka G, Nunes AS, Olshevsky AG, Orlov I, Ostrick M, Panzieri D, Parsamyan B, Paul S, Peng JC, Pereira F, Pešek M, Peshekhonov DV, Pierre N, Platchkov S, Pochodzalla J, Polyakov VA, Pretz J, Quaresma M, Quintans C, Ramos S, Regali C, Reicherz G, Riedl C, Rogacheva NS, Roskot M, Ryabchikov DI, Rybnikov A, Rychter A, Salac R, Samoylenko VD, Sandacz A, Santos C, Sarkar S, Savin IA, Sawada T, Sbrizzai G, Schiavon P, Schmidt K, Schmieden H, Schönning K, Seder E, Selyunin A, Shevchenko OY, Silva L, Sinha L, Sirtl S, Slunecka M, Smolik J, Srnka A, Steffen D, Stolarski M, Subrt O, Sulc M, Suzuki H, Szabelski A, Szameitat T, Sznajder P, Takewaka S, Tasevsky M, Tessaro S, Terça G, Tessarotto F, Thiel A, Tomsa J, Tosello F, Tskhay V, Uhl S, Vauth A, Veloso J, Virius M, Vit M, Vondra J, Wallner S, Weisrock T, Wilfert M, Ter Wolbeek J, Zaremba K, Zavada P, Zavertyaev M, Zemlyanichkina E, Zhuravlev N, Ziembicki M. First Measurement of Transverse-Spin-Dependent Azimuthal Asymmetries in the Drell-Yan Process. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:112002. [PMID: 28949229 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.112002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The first measurement of transverse-spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries in the pion-induced Drell-Yan (DY) process is reported. We use the CERN SPS 190 GeV/c π^{-} beam and a transversely polarized ammonia target. Three azimuthal asymmetries giving access to different transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs) are extracted using dimuon events with invariant mass between 4.3 GeV/c^{2} and 8.5 GeV/c^{2}. Within the experimental uncertainties, the observed sign of the Sivers asymmetry is found to be consistent with the fundamental prediction of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) that the Sivers TMD PDFs extracted from DY have a sign opposite to the one extracted from semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS) data. We present two other asymmetries originating from the pion Boer-Mulders TMD PDFs convoluted with either the nucleon transversity or pretzelosity TMD PDFs. A recent COMPASS SIDIS measurement was obtained at a hard scale comparable to that of these DY results. This opens the way for possible tests of fundamental QCD universality predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aghasyan
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - R Akhunzyanov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - G D Alexeev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - M G Alexeev
- University of Turin, Department of Physics, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - A Amoroso
- University of Turin, Department of Physics, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - V Andrieux
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - N V Anfimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - V Anosov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - A Antoshkin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - K Augsten
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 16636 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - W Augustyniak
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Austregesilo
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - C D R Azevedo
- University of Aveiro, Department of Physics, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - B Badełek
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - F Balestra
- University of Turin, Department of Physics, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - M Ball
- Universität Bonn, Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - J Barth
- Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - R Beck
- Universität Bonn, Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Y Bedfer
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Bernhard
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Bicker
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | - R Birsa
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - M Bodlak
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, 18000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - F Bradamante
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - A Bressan
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - M Büchele
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - W-C Chang
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Physics, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - C Chatterjee
- Matrivani Institute of Experimental Research and Education, Calcutta 700 030, India
| | - M Chiosso
- University of Turin, Department of Physics, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - I Choi
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - S-U Chung
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Cicuttin
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - M L Crespo
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - S S Dasgupta
- Matrivani Institute of Experimental Research and Education, Calcutta 700 030, India
| | - S Dasgupta
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - L Dhara
- Matrivani Institute of Experimental Research and Education, Calcutta 700 030, India
| | - S V Donskov
- State Scientific Center Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," 142281 Protvino, Russia
| | - N Doshita
- Yamagata University, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Ch Dreisbach
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W Dünnweber
- University of Aveiro, Department of Physics, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 44780 Bochum, Germany
- Universität Bonn, Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Scientific Instruments, AS CR, 61264 Brno, Czech Republic
- Matrivani Institute of Experimental Research and Education, Calcutta 700 030, India
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Technical University in Liberec, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic
- LIP, 1000-149 Lisbon, Portugal
- Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nagoya University, 464 Nagoya, Japan
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, 18000 Prague, Czech Republic
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 16636 Prague, Czech Republic
- State Scientific Center Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," 142281 Protvino, Russia
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Physics, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- University of Turin, Department of Physics, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
- Yamagata University, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - M Dziewiecki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Efremov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - P D Eversheim
- Universität Bonn, Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Faessler
- University of Aveiro, Department of Physics, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 44780 Bochum, Germany
- Universität Bonn, Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Scientific Instruments, AS CR, 61264 Brno, Czech Republic
- Matrivani Institute of Experimental Research and Education, Calcutta 700 030, India
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Technical University in Liberec, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic
- LIP, 1000-149 Lisbon, Portugal
- Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nagoya University, 464 Nagoya, Japan
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, 18000 Prague, Czech Republic
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 16636 Prague, Czech Republic
- State Scientific Center Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," 142281 Protvino, Russia
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Physics, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- University of Turin, Department of Physics, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
- Yamagata University, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - A Ferrero
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Finger
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, 18000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Finger
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, 18000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - H Fischer
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | - J M Friedrich
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - V Frolov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - E Fuchey
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Gautheron
- Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - O P Gavrichtchouk
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - S Gerassimov
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J Giarra
- Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - F Giordano
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - I Gnesi
- University of Turin, Department of Physics, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - M Gorzellik
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Grasso
- University of Turin, Department of Physics, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - M Grosse Perdekamp
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - B Grube
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Grussenmeyer
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Guskov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - D Hahne
- Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - G Hamar
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - D von Harrach
- Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - F H Heinsius
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - R Heitz
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - F Herrmann
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - N d'Hose
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C-Y Hsieh
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Physics, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S Huber
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S Ishimoto
- Yamagata University, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - A Ivanov
- University of Turin, Department of Physics, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Yu Ivanshin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - T Iwata
- Yamagata University, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - V Jary
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 16636 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - R Joosten
- Universität Bonn, Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - P Jörg
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - E Kabuß
- Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Kerbizi
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - B Ketzer
- Universität Bonn, Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - G V Khaustov
- State Scientific Center Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," 142281 Protvino, Russia
| | - Yu A Khokhlov
- State Scientific Center Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," 142281 Protvino, Russia
| | - Yu Kisselev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - F Klein
- Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - J H Koivuniemi
- Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 44780 Bochum, Germany
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - V N Kolosov
- State Scientific Center Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," 142281 Protvino, Russia
| | - K Kondo
- Yamagata University, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - K Königsmann
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - I Konorov
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - V F Konstantinov
- State Scientific Center Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," 142281 Protvino, Russia
| | - A M Kotzinian
- University of Turin, Department of Physics, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - O M Kouznetsov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Z Kral
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 16636 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Krämer
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - P Kremser
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - F Krinner
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Z V Kroumchtein
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Y Kulinich
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - F Kunne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K Kurek
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland
| | - R P Kurjata
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Kveton
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 16636 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A A Lednev
- State Scientific Center Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," 142281 Protvino, Russia
| | - M Levillain
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Levorato
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Y-S Lian
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Physics, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - J Lichtenstadt
- Tel Aviv University, School of Physics and Astronomy, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - R Longo
- University of Turin, Department of Physics, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - A Maggiora
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - A Magnon
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - N Makins
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - N Makke
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - B Marianski
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Martin
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - J Marzec
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Matoušek
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, 18000 Prague, Czech Republic
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - H Matsuda
- Yamagata University, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - T Matsuda
- University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - G V Meshcheryakov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - M Meyer
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - W Meyer
- Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Yu V Mikhailov
- State Scientific Center Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," 142281 Protvino, Russia
| | - M Mikhasenko
- Universität Bonn, Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - E Mitrofanov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - N Mitrofanov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Y Miyachi
- Yamagata University, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - A Nagaytsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - F Nerling
- Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D Neyret
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Nový
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 16636 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - W-D Nowak
- Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - G Nukazuka
- Yamagata University, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | | | - A G Olshevsky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - I Orlov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - M Ostrick
- Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D Panzieri
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - B Parsamyan
- University of Turin, Department of Physics, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - S Paul
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J-C Peng
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - F Pereira
- University of Aveiro, Department of Physics, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Pešek
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, 18000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D V Peshekhonov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - N Pierre
- Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Platchkov
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Pochodzalla
- Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - V A Polyakov
- State Scientific Center Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," 142281 Protvino, Russia
| | - J Pretz
- Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - S Ramos
- LIP, 1000-149 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Regali
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - G Reicherz
- Universität Bochum, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - C Riedl
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - N S Rogacheva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - M Roskot
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, 18000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D I Ryabchikov
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
- State Scientific Center Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," 142281 Protvino, Russia
| | - A Rybnikov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - A Rychter
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Salac
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 16636 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - V D Samoylenko
- State Scientific Center Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," 142281 Protvino, Russia
| | - A Sandacz
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland
| | - C Santos
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - S Sarkar
- Matrivani Institute of Experimental Research and Education, Calcutta 700 030, India
| | - I A Savin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - T Sawada
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Physics, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - G Sbrizzai
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - P Schiavon
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - K Schmidt
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - H Schmieden
- Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - E Seder
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Selyunin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - O Yu Shevchenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - L Silva
- LIP, 1000-149 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L Sinha
- Matrivani Institute of Experimental Research and Education, Calcutta 700 030, India
| | - S Sirtl
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Slunecka
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - J Smolik
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - A Srnka
- Institute of Scientific Instruments, AS CR, 61264 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - D Steffen
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | - O Subrt
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 16636 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Sulc
- Technical University in Liberec, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - H Suzuki
- Yamagata University, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - A Szabelski
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Szameitat
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - P Sznajder
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Takewaka
- University of Turin, Department of Physics, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - M Tasevsky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - S Tessaro
- Trieste Section of INFN, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - G Terça
- LIP, 1000-149 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - A Thiel
- Universität Bonn, Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - J Tomsa
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, 18000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Tosello
- Torino Section of INFN, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - V Tskhay
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - S Uhl
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Vauth
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - J Veloso
- University of Aveiro, Department of Physics, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Virius
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 16636 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Vit
- University of Turin, Department of Physics, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - J Vondra
- Czech Technical University in Prague, 16636 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Wallner
- Technische Universität München, Physik Department , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Weisrock
- Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Wilfert
- Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Ter Wolbeek
- Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - K Zaremba
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - P Zavada
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - M Zavertyaev
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - E Zemlyanichkina
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - N Zhuravlev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - M Ziembicki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
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Deady M, Choi I, Calvo RA, Glozier N, Christensen H, Harvey SB. eHealth interventions for the prevention of depression and anxiety in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2017; 17:310. [PMID: 28851342 PMCID: PMC5576307 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-017-1473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety and depression are associated with a range of adverse outcomes and represent a large global burden to individuals and health care systems. Prevention programs are an important way to avert a proportion of the burden associated with such conditions both at a clinical and subclinical level. eHealth interventions provide an opportunity to offer accessible, acceptable, easily disseminated globally low-cost interventions on a wide scale. However, the efficacy of these programs remains unclear. The aim of this study is to review and evaluate the effects of eHealth prevention interventions for anxiety and depression. METHOD A systematic search was conducted on four relevant databases to identify randomized controlled trials of eHealth interventions aimed at the prevention of anxiety and depression in the general population published between 2000 and January 2016. The quality of studies was assessed and a meta-analysis was performed using pooled effect size estimates obtained from a random effects model. RESULTS Ten trials were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. All studies were of sufficient quality and utilized cognitive behavioural techniques. At post-treatment, the overall mean difference between the intervention and control groups was 0.25 (95% confidence internal: 0.09, 0.41; p = 0.003) for depression outcome studies and 0.31 (95% CI: 0.10, 0.52; p = 0.004) for anxiety outcome studies, indicating a small but positive effect of the eHealth interventions. The effect sizes for universal and indicated/selective interventions were similar (0.29 and 0.25 respectively). However, there was inadequate evidence to suggest that such interventions have an effect on long-term disorder incidence rates. CONCLUSIONS Evidence suggests that eHealth prevention interventions for anxiety and depression are associated with small but positive effects on symptom reduction. However, there is inadequate evidence on the medium to long-term effect of such interventions, and importantly, on the reduction of incidence of disorders. Further work to explore the impact of eHealth psychological interventions on long-term incidence rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Deady
- 0000 0004 4902 0432grid.1005.4School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia ,0000 0001 0640 7766grid.418393.4Black Dog Institute, Randwick, NSW 2031 Australia
| | - I. Choi
- 0000 0004 1936 834Xgrid.1013.3Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050 Australia
| | - R. A. Calvo
- 0000 0004 1936 834Xgrid.1013.3School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - N. Glozier
- 0000 0004 1936 834Xgrid.1013.3Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050 Australia
| | - H. Christensen
- 0000 0001 0640 7766grid.418393.4Black Dog Institute, Randwick, NSW 2031 Australia
| | - S. B. Harvey
- 0000 0004 4902 0432grid.1005.4School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia ,0000 0001 0640 7766grid.418393.4Black Dog Institute, Randwick, NSW 2031 Australia ,0000 0004 0417 5393grid.416398.1St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW 2217 Australia
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Abstract
Although a great deal of research has tested the longitudinal effects of regularly practicing gratitude, much less attention has been paid to the emotional landscape directly following engagement in gratitude exercises. In three studies, we explored the array of discrete emotions people experience after being prompted to express or recall gratitude. In Studies 1 and 2, two different gratitude exercises produced not only greater feelings of gratitude relative to two positive emotion control conditions (i.e., recalling relief), but also higher levels of other socially relevant states like elevation, connectedness, and indebtedness. In a third study, conducted in both the U.S. and S. Korea, we compared a gratitude exercise to another positive emotion elicitation (i.e., recalling a kind act) and to a neutral task, and again found that the gratitude exercise prompted greater gratitude, elevation, indebtedness, and guilt, but no more embarrassment or shame, than the two comparison conditions. Additionally, in all three studies, emodiversity and cluster analyses revealed that gratitude exercises led to the simultaneous experience of both pleasant and unpleasant socially-relevant states. In sum, although it may seem obvious that gratitude exercises would evoke grateful, positive states, a meta-analysis of our three studies revealed that gratitude exercises actually elicit a mixed emotional experience—one that simultaneously leads individuals to feel uplifted and indebted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Layous
- Department of Psychology, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Kate Sweeny
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Christina Armenta
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Soojung Na
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Incheol Choi
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sonja Lyubomirsky
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
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Masaki A, Ishida T, Maeda Y, Narita T, Ito A, Suzuki S, Ri M, Kusumoto S, Komatsu H, Choi I, Suehiro Y, Inagaki H, Ueda R, Iida S. Prognostic significance of tryptophan catabolism in newly diagnosed Hodgkin lymphoma. Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2439_44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Masaki
- Hematology and Oncology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - T. Ishida
- Hematology and Oncology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - Y. Maeda
- Laboratory of Hospital Pharmacy; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - T. Narita
- Hematology and Oncology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - A. Ito
- Hematology and Oncology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - S. Suzuki
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Aichi Medical University School of Medicine; Nagakute Japan
| | - M. Ri
- Hematology and Oncology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - S. Kusumoto
- Hematology and Oncology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - H. Komatsu
- Hematology and Oncology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - I. Choi
- Department of Hematology; National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Y. Suehiro
- Department of Hematology; National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center; Fukuoka Japan
| | - H. Inagaki
- Department of Anatomic Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
| | - R. Ueda
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Aichi Medical University School of Medicine; Nagakute Japan
| | - S. Iida
- Hematology and Oncology; Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya Japan
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Choi J, Choi I. Happiness is medal-color blind: Happy people value silver and bronze medals more than unhappy people. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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48
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Abstract
The present study examines momentary experiences of happiness and meaning, two components of well-being, by using an experience sampling method. Participants included 603 Korean adults, who generated 24,430 responses over the course of 2–4 weeks. Results revealed that reported levels of happiness and meaning fluctuated substantially over the course of a day and that contextual factors, such as daily activities, social interaction partners, day of week, and time of day, along with demographic variables, were significant predictors of momentary happiness and meaning. In addition, we observe that people often experienced happiness and meaning independently of each other during a single daily event. In sum, momentary experiences of happiness and meaning were dynamic, related but distinct, and varied by individuals across daily events and over time.
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Ebert DD, Donkin L, Andersson G, Andrews G, Berger T, Carlbring P, Rozenthal A, Choi I, Laferton JAC, Johansson R, Kleiboer A, Lange A, Lehr D, Reins JA, Funk B, Newby J, Perini S, Riper H, Ruwaard J, Sheeber L, Snoek FJ, Titov N, Ince BÜ, van Bastelaar K, Vernmark K, van Straten A, Warmerdam L, Salsman N, Cuijpers P. Does Internet-based guided-self-help for depression cause harm? An individual participant data meta-analysis on deterioration rates and its moderators in randomized controlled trials. Psychol Med 2016; 46:2679-2693. [PMID: 27649340 PMCID: PMC5560500 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716001562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Almost nothing is known about the potential negative effects of Internet-based psychological treatments for depression. This study aims at investigating deterioration and its moderators within randomized trials on Internet-based guided self-help for adult depression, using an individual patient data meta-analyses (IPDMA) approach. METHOD Studies were identified through systematic searches (PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cochrane Library). Deterioration in participants was defined as a significant symptom increase according to the reliable change index (i.e. 7.68 points in the CES-D; 7.63 points in the BDI). Two-step IPDMA procedures, with a random-effects model were used to pool data. RESULTS A total of 18 studies (21 comparisons, 2079 participants) contributed data to the analysis. The risk for a reliable deterioration from baseline to post-treatment was significantly lower in the intervention v. control conditions (3.36 v. 7.60; relative risk 0.47, 95% confidence interval 0.29-0.75). Education moderated effects on deterioration, with patients with low education displaying a higher risk for deterioration than patients with higher education. Deterioration rates for patients with low education did not differ statistically significantly between intervention and control groups. The benefit-risk ratio for patients with low education indicated that 9.38 patients achieve a treatment response for each patient experiencing a symptom deterioration. CONCLUSIONS Internet-based guided self-help is associated with a mean reduced risk for a symptom deterioration compared to controls. Treatment and symptom progress of patients with low education should be closely monitored, as some patients might face an increased risk for symptom deterioration. Future studies should examine predictors of deterioration in patients with low education.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. D. Ebert
- Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - L. Donkin
- The Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - G. Andersson
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G. Andrews
- Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety and Depression, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales at St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - T. Berger
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P. Carlbring
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - A. Rozenthal
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - I. Choi
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - R. Johansson
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A. Kleiboer
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A. Lange
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D. Lehr
- Leuphana University Lüneburg, Germany
| | | | - B. Funk
- Leuphana University Lüneburg, Germany
| | - J. Newby
- Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety and Depression, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales at St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - S. Perini
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Australia
| | - H. Riper
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J. Ruwaard
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L. Sheeber
- Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - F. J. Snoek
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N. Titov
- eCentreClinic and MindSpot Clinic, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Australia
| | - B. Ünlü Ince
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - K. van Bastelaar
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K. Vernmark
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Psykologpartners, Private Practice, Linköping, Sweden
| | - A. van Straten
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L. Warmerdam
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - N. Salsman
- School of Psychology, Xavier University, Cincinnati, USA
| | - P. Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Bao H, Kommadath A, Choi I, Lunney JK, Reecy JM, Fritz-Waters E, Eisley CJ, Tuggle CK, Koltes JE, Rowland RRR, Dekkers JCM, Guan LL, Stothard P, Plastow G. P6034 Associations between cis-expression quantitative trait loci markers and host response to Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jas2016.94supplement4165a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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