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Amico KR, Crawford J, Ubong I, Lindsey JC, Gaur AH, Horvath K, Goolsby R, Mueller Johnson M, Dallas R, Heckman B, Filipowicz T, Polier M, Rupp BM, Hudgens M. Correlates of High HIV Viral Load and Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Viremic Youth in the United States Enrolled in an Adherence Improvement Intervention. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2021; 35:145-157. [PMID: 33960843 DOI: 10.1089/apc.2021.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A sizable portion of youth (ages 13-24) living with HIV in the United States have unsuppressed viral load. The AIDS Interventions (ATN) 152 study [evaluating the Triggered Escalating Real-Time Adherence (TERA) intervention] baseline data were examined to identify correlates of high viremia (>5000 copies/mL) and self-reported adherence, which can help in planning of differentiated services for viremic youth. Depression, HIV-stigma, and cannabis use were common in this sample of 87 youth. Almost half (48%) had high viremia, which associated with enacted stigma, moderate- to high-risk alcohol use, mental health diagnosis, and age ≥21. Self-reported adherence was related to viral load and associated with mental and physical health functioning, depression, social support, self-confident decision-making, total and internalized stigma, adherence motivation, and report of a missed a care visit in the past 6 months. Mental health emerged as a common correlate of viral load and adherence. Clinical Trial Registration number: NCT03292432.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Rivet Amico
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jessica Crawford
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ini Ubong
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jane C. Lindsey
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aditya H. Gaur
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Keith Horvath
- Department of Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Rachel Goolsby
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Public Health, Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Megan Mueller Johnson
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ronald Dallas
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Barbara Heckman
- Frontier Science and Technology Research Foundation, Amherst, New York, USA
| | - Teresa Filipowicz
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Public Health, Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Melissa Polier
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Public Health, Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Betty M. Rupp
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Public Health, Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael Hudgens
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Public Health, Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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