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Silva D, Mendes E, Summers EJ, Neca A, Jacinto AC, Reis T, Agostinho P, Bolea I, Jimeno ML, Mateus ML, Oliveira‐Campos AMF, Unzeta M, Marco‐Contelles J, Majekova M, Ramsay RR, Carreiras MC. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling of nitrile‐containing compounds: Exploring multiple activities as anti‐Alzheimer agents. Drug Dev Res 2020; 81:215-231. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Eduarda Mendes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Eleanor J. Summers
- Biomedical Sciences Research ComplexUniversity of St. Andrews St. Andrews UK
| | - Ana Neca
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Ana C. Jacinto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Telma Reis
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Paula Agostinho
- Faculty of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Irene Bolea
- Institut de Neurociències i Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de MedicinaUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - M. Luisa Jimeno
- Centro de Química Orgánica “Lora Tamayo” (CSIC) Madrid Spain
| | - M. Luisa Mateus
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | | | - Mercedes Unzeta
- Institut de Neurociències i Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de MedicinaUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - José Marco‐Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal ChemistryInstitute of Organic Chemistry (CSIC) Madrid Spain
| | - Magdalena Majekova
- Center of Experimental MedicineInstitute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Rona R. Ramsay
- Biomedical Sciences Research ComplexUniversity of St. Andrews St. Andrews UK
| | - M. Carmo Carreiras
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
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2
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Bolea I, Gella A, Sanz E, Prada-Dacasa P, Menardy F, Bard AM, Machuca-Márquez P, Eraso-Pichot A, Mòdol-Caballero G, Navarro X, Kalume F, Quintana A. Defined neuronal populations drive fatal phenotype in a mouse model of Leigh syndrome. eLife 2019; 8:47163. [PMID: 31403401 PMCID: PMC6731060 DOI: 10.7554/elife.47163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial deficits in energy production cause untreatable and fatal pathologies known as mitochondrial disease (MD). Central nervous system affectation is critical in Leigh Syndrome (LS), a common MD presentation, leading to motor and respiratory deficits, seizures and premature death. However, only specific neuronal populations are affected. Furthermore, their molecular identity and their contribution to the disease remains unknown. Here, using a mouse model of LS lacking the mitochondrial complex I subunit Ndufs4, we dissect the critical role of genetically-defined neuronal populations in LS progression. Ndufs4 inactivation in Vglut2-expressing glutamatergic neurons leads to decreased neuronal firing, brainstem inflammation, motor and respiratory deficits, and early death. In contrast, Ndufs4 deletion in GABAergic neurons causes basal ganglia inflammation without motor or respiratory involvement, but accompanied by hypothermia and severe epileptic seizures preceding death. These results provide novel insight in the cell type-specific contribution to the pathology, dissecting the underlying cellular mechanisms of MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bolea
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Alejandro Gella
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Elisenda Sanz
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Patricia Prada-Dacasa
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Fabien Menardy
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Angela M Bard
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States
| | | | - Abel Eraso-Pichot
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Guillem Mòdol-Caballero
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Franck Kalume
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Albert Quintana
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
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3
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Chen B, Hui J, Montgomery KS, Gella A, Bolea I, Sanz E, Palmiter RD, Quintana A. Loss of Mitochondrial Ndufs4 in Striatal Medium Spiny Neurons Mediates Progressive Motor Impairment in a Mouse Model of Leigh Syndrome. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:265. [PMID: 28883788 PMCID: PMC5573716 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inability of mitochondria to generate energy leads to severe and often fatal myoencephalopathies. Among these, Leigh syndrome (LS) is one of the most common childhood mitochondrial diseases; it is characterized by hypotonia, failure to thrive, respiratory insufficiency and progressive mental and motor dysfunction, leading to early death. Basal ganglia nuclei, including the striatum, are affected in LS patients. However, neither the identity of the affected cell types in the striatum nor their contribution to the disease has been established. Here, we used a mouse model of LS lacking Ndufs4, a mitochondrial complex I subunit, to confirm that loss of complex I, but not complex II, alters respiration in the striatum. To assess the role of striatal dysfunction in the pathology, we selectively inactivated Ndufs4 in the striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs), which account for over 95% of striatal neurons. Our results show that lack of Ndufs4 in MSNs causes a non-fatal progressive motor impairment without affecting the cognitive function of mice. Furthermore, no inflammatory responses or neuronal loss were observed up to 6 months of age. Hence, complex I deficiency in MSNs contributes to the motor deficits observed in LS, but not to the neural degeneration, suggesting that other neuronal populations drive the plethora of clinical signs in LS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of WashingtonSeattle, WA, United States
| | - Jessica Hui
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research InstituteSeattle, WA, United States
| | - Kelsey S Montgomery
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research InstituteSeattle, WA, United States.,Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra, Spain
| | - Alejandro Gella
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research InstituteSeattle, WA, United States.,Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra, Spain
| | - Irene Bolea
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research InstituteSeattle, WA, United States.,Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra, Spain
| | - Elisenda Sanz
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research InstituteSeattle, WA, United States.,Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra, Spain
| | - Richard D Palmiter
- Department of Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of WashingtonSeattle, WA, United States
| | - Albert Quintana
- Department of Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of WashingtonSeattle, WA, United States.,Center for Developmental Therapeutics and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research InstituteSeattle, WA, United States.,Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, University of WashingtonSeattle, WA, United States
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4
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Di Giovanni G, Svob Strac D, Sole M, Unzeta M, Tipton KF, Mück-Šeler D, Bolea I, Della Corte L, Nikolac Perkovic M, Pivac N, Smolders IJ, Stasiak A, Fogel WA, De Deurwaerdère P. Monoaminergic and Histaminergic Strategies and Treatments in Brain Diseases. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:541. [PMID: 27932945 PMCID: PMC5121249 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The monoaminergic systems are the target of several drugs for the treatment of mood, motor and cognitive disorders as well as neurological conditions. In most cases, advances have occurred through serendipity, except for Parkinson's disease where the pathophysiology led almost immediately to the introduction of dopamine restoring agents. Extensive neuropharmacological studies first showed that the primary target of antipsychotics, antidepressants, and anxiolytic drugs were specific components of the monoaminergic systems. Later, some dramatic side effects associated with older medicines were shown to disappear with new chemical compounds targeting the origin of the therapeutic benefit more specifically. The increased knowledge regarding the function and interaction of the monoaminergic systems in the brain resulting from in vivo neurochemical and neurophysiological studies indicated new monoaminergic targets that could achieve the efficacy of the older medicines with fewer side-effects. Yet, this accumulated knowledge regarding monoamines did not produce valuable strategies for diseases where no monoaminergic drug has been shown to be effective. Here, we emphasize the new therapeutic and monoaminergic-based strategies for the treatment of psychiatric diseases. We will consider three main groups of diseases, based on the evidence of monoamines involvement (schizophrenia, depression, obesity), the identification of monoamines in the diseases processes (Parkinson's disease, addiction) and the prospect of the involvement of monoaminergic mechanisms (epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, stroke). In most cases, the clinically available monoaminergic drugs induce widespread modifications of amine tone or excitability through neurobiological networks and exemplify the overlap between therapeutic approaches to psychiatric and neurological conditions. More recent developments that have resulted in improved drug specificity and responses will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Montse Sole
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Unzeta
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Keith F Tipton
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dorotea Mück-Šeler
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Irene Bolea
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Nela Pivac
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ilse J Smolders
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Analysis, Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anna Stasiak
- Department of Hormone Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz Lodz, Poland
| | - Wieslawa A Fogel
- Department of Hormone Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz Lodz, Poland
| | - Philippe De Deurwaerdère
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5293), Institut of Neurodegenerative Diseases Bordeaux Cedex, France
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5
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Marco-Contelles J, Unzeta M, Bolea I, Esteban G, Ramsay RR, Romero A, Martínez-Murillo R, Carreiras MC, Ismaili L. ASS234, As a New Multi-Target Directed Propargylamine for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:294. [PMID: 27445665 PMCID: PMC4923252 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
HIGHLIGHTS ASS2324 is a hybrid compound resulting from the juxtaposition of donepezil and the propargylamine PF9601N ASS2324 is a multi-target directed propargylamine able to bind to all the AChE/BuChE and MAO A/B enzymesASS2324 shows antioxidant, neuroprotective and suitable permeability propertiesASS2324 restores the scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment to the same extent as donepezil, and is less toxicASS2324 prevents β-amyloid induced aggregation in the cortex of double transgenic miceASS2324 is the most advanced anti-Alzheimer agent for pre-clinical studies that we have identified in our laboratories The complex nature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has prompted the design of Multi-Target-Directed Ligands (MTDL) able to bind to diverse biochemical targets involved in the progress and development of the disease. In this context, we have designed a number of MTD propargylamines (MTDP) showing antioxidant, anti-beta-amyloid, anti-inflammatory, as well as cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition capacities. Here, we describe these properties in the MTDL ASS234, our lead-compound ready to enter in pre-clinical studies for AD, as a new multipotent, permeable cholinesterase/monoamine oxidase inhibitor, able to inhibit Aβ-aggregation, and possessing antioxidant and neuroprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of General Organic Chemistry, Cajal Institute (CSIC) Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Unzeta
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Bolea
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard Esteban
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rona R Ramsay
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews St Andrews, UK
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricard Martínez-Murillo
- Neurovascular Research Group, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute (CSIC) Madrid, Spain
| | - M Carmo Carreiras
- Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lhassane Ismaili
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481, Université Franche-Comté, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR SMP Besançon, France
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6
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Unzeta M, Esteban G, Bolea I, Fogel WA, Ramsay RR, Youdim MBH, Tipton KF, Marco-Contelles J. Multi-Target Directed Donepezil-Like Ligands for Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:205. [PMID: 27252617 PMCID: PMC4879129 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HIGHLIGHTSASS234 is a MTDL compound containing a moiety from Donepezil and the propargyl group from the PF 9601N, a potent and selective MAO B inhibitor. This compound is the most advanced anti-Alzheimer agent for preclinical studies identified in our laboratory. Derived from ASS234 both multipotent donepezil-indolyl (MTDL-1) and donepezil-pyridyl hybrids (MTDL-2) were designed and evaluated as inhibitors of AChE/BuChE and both MAO isoforms. MTDL-2 showed more high affinity toward the four enzymes than MTDL-1. MTDL-3 and MTDL-4, were designed containing the N-benzylpiperidinium moiety from Donepezil, a metal- chelating 8-hydroxyquinoline group and linked to a N-propargyl core and they were pharmacologically evaluated. The presence of the cyano group in MTDL-3, enhanced binding to AChE, BuChE and MAO A. It showed antioxidant behavior and it was able to strongly complex Cu(II), Zn(II) and Fe(III). MTDL-4 showed higher affinity toward AChE, BuChE. MTDL-3 exhibited good brain penetration capacity (ADMET) and less toxicity than Donepezil. Memory deficits in scopolamine-lesioned animals were restored by MTDL-3. MTDL-3 particularly emerged as a ligand showing remarkable potential benefits for its use in AD therapy.
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of adult onset dementia, is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory loss, decline in language skills, and other cognitive impairments. Although its etiology is not completely known, several factors including deficits of acetylcholine, β-amyloid deposits, τ-protein phosphorylation, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation are considered to play significant roles in the pathophysiology of this disease. For a long time, AD patients have been treated with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil (Aricept®) but with limited therapeutic success. This might be due to the complex multifactorial nature of AD, a fact that has prompted the design of new Multi-Target-Directed Ligands (MTDL) based on the “one molecule, multiple targets” paradigm. Thus, in this context, different series of novel multifunctional molecules with antioxidant, anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory, and metal-chelating properties able to interact with multiple enzymes of therapeutic interest in AD pathology including acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and monoamine oxidases A and B have been designed and assessed biologically. This review describes the multiple targets, the design rationale and an in-house MTDL library, bearing the N-benzylpiperidine motif present in donepezil, linked to different heterocyclic ring systems (indole, pyridine, or 8-hydroxyquinoline) with special emphasis on compound ASS234, an N-propargylindole derivative. The description of the in vitro biological properties of the compounds and discussion of the corresponding structure-activity-relationships allows us to highlight new issues for the identification of more efficient MTDL for use in AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Unzeta
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard Esteban
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin Dublin, Ireland
| | - Irene Bolea
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wieslawa A Fogel
- Department of Hormone Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz Lodz, Poland
| | - Rona R Ramsay
- Biomolecular Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews St. Andrews, UK
| | - Moussa B H Youdim
- Department of Pharmacology, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Eve Topf and National Parkinson Foundation Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Haifa, Israel
| | - Keith F Tipton
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin Dublin, Ireland
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of General Organic Chemistry, Spanish National Research Council Madrid, Spain
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7
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Fernández-Fernández L, Esteban G, Giralt M, Valente T, Bolea I, Solé M, Sun P, Benítez S, Morelló JR, Reguant J, Ramírez B, Hidalgo J, Unzeta M. Catecholaminergic and cholinergic systems of mouse brain are modulated by LMN diet, rich in theobromine, polyphenols and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Food Funct 2015; 6:1251-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00052a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
LMN diet could benefit the cognitive reserve reducing Alzheimer's disease risk.
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8
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Bolea I, Colivicchi MA, Ballini C, Marco-Contelles J, Tipton KF, Unzeta M, Della Corte L. Neuroprotective effects of the MAO-B inhibitor, PF9601N, in an in vivo model of excitotoxicity. CNS Neurosci Ther 2014; 20:641-50. [PMID: 24767579 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PF9601N [N-(2-propynyl)-2-(5-benzyloxy-indolyl) methylamine] is an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), which has shown to possess neuroprotective properties in several in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson's disease (PD). As there is evidence that excitotoxicity may be implicated in the pathophysiology of several neurodegenerative diseases, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of PF9601N in an acute in vivo model of excitotoxicity induced by the local administration of kainic acid during striatal microdialysis in adult rats. METHODS The basal and evoked release of neurotransmitters was monitored by HPLC analysis of microdialysate samples and tissue damage was evaluated histologically "ex vivo." RESULTS PF9601N (40 mg/kg, single i.p. administration) reduced the kainate-evoked release of glutamate and aspartate and increased taurine release, but it had no effect on the release of dopamine, DOPAC, and HVA. PF9601N pretreatment also resulted in a significant reduction in the kainate-induced astrocytosis, microgliosis, and apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest PF9601N to be a good candidate for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases mediated by excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bolea
- Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino (NEUROFARBA), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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9
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Bautista-Aguilera OM, Esteban G, Bolea I, Nikolic K, Agbaba D, Moraleda I, Iriepa I, Samadi A, Soriano E, Unzeta M, Marco-Contelles J. Design, synthesis, pharmacological evaluation, QSAR analysis, molecular modeling and ADMET of novel donepezil-indolyl hybrids as multipotent cholinesterase/monoamine oxidase inhibitors for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 75:82-95. [PMID: 24530494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of donepezil-indolyl based amines 7-10, amides 12-16, and carboxylic acid derivatives 5 and 11, as multipotent ASS234 analogs, able to inhibit simultaneously cholinesterase (ChE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is reported. Theoretical studies using 3D-Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (3D-QSAR) was used to define 3D-pharmacophores for inhibition of MAO A/B, AChE, and BuChE enzymes. We found that, in general, and for the same substituent, amines are more potent ChE inhibitors (see compounds 12, 13 versus 7 and 8) or equipotent (see compounds 14, 15 versus 9 and 10) than the corresponding amides, showing a clear EeAChE inhibition selectivity. For the MAO inhibition, amides were not active, and among the amines, compound 14 was totally MAO A selective, while amines 15 and 16 were quite MAO A selective. Carboxylic acid derivatives 5 and 11 showed a multipotent moderate selective profile as EeACE and MAO A inhibitors. Propargylamine 15 [N-((5-(3-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)propoxy)-1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)methyl)prop-2-yn-1-amine] resulted in the most potent hMAO A (IC50 = 5.5 ± 1.4 nM) and moderately potent hMAO B (IC50 = 150 ± 31 nM), EeAChE (IC50 = 190 ± 10 nM), and eqBuChE (IC50 = 830 ± 160 nM) inhibitor. However, the analogous N-allyl and the N-morpholine derivatives 16 and 14 deserve also attention as they show an attractive multipotent profile. To sum up, donepezil-indolyl hybrid 15 is a promising drug for further development for the potential prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerard Esteban
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Bolea
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Katarina Nikolic
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danica Agbaba
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ignacio Moraleda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Barcelona, Km. 33.5, 28817 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Isabel Iriepa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Barcelona, Km. 33.5, 28817 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Abdelouahid Samadi
- Laboratorio de Química Médica (IQOG, CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Soriano
- SEPCO, (IQOG, CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Unzeta
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratorio de Química Médica (IQOG, CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Abstract
Appropriate distribution and supply of mitochondria to critical neuronal sites are thought to be necessary for the normal maintenance of neuronal architecture and activity, including synaptic plasticity and function. Imaging of neurons in vitro has provided understanding of the basic mechanisms of mitochondrial transport and the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. However, in vivo imaging studies of neurons are preferable to in vitro approaches because of the advantage of being performed in their natural environment. Here, we present useful protocols to image and study axonal transport of mitochondria in vivo, in the peripheral nerves of mice. Imaging in motor and sensory axons of living mice allows researchers to analyze mitochondrial dynamics in two distinct neuronal populations that are often affected in peripheral neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bolea
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, USA
| | - Wen-Biao Gan
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Giovanni Manfedi
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, USA
| | - Jordi Magrané
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, USA.
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11
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Bolea I, Gella A, Monjas L, Pérez C, Rodríguez-Franco M, Marco-Contelles J, Samadi A, Unzeta M. Multipotent, Permeable Drug ASS234 Inhibits Aβ Aggregation, Possesses Antioxidant Properties and Protects from Aβ-induced Apoptosis In Vitro. Curr Alzheimer Res 2013; 10:797-808. [DOI: 10.2174/15672050113109990151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Gella A, Solé M, Bolea I, Ventriglia M, Siotto M, Durany N, Squitti R, Unzeta M. A comparison between radiometric and fluorimetric methods for measuring SSAO activity. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2013; 120:1015-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-013-0987-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Bolea I, Ordorica-Garcia G, Nikoo M, Carbo M. Techno-economics of CCS in Oil Sands Thermal Bitumen Extraction: Comparison of CO2 Capture Integration Options. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Esteban G, Bolea I, Sun P, Solé M, Samadi A, Marco-Contelles J, Unzeta M. A therapeutic approach to cerebrovascular diseases based on indole substituted hydrazides and hydrazines able to interact with human vascular adhesion protein-1, monoamine oxidases (A and B), AChE and BuChE. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2012; 120:911-8. [PMID: 23263540 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-012-0949-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the biological evaluation of a series of indole substituted hydrazides and hydrazines throughout the assessment of their multipotent inhibitory potency towards monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B, semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase/vascular adhesion protein-1 (SSAO/VAP-1), and the cholinesterases, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Hydrazine JL72 (3-(3-hydrazinylpropyl)-1H-indole) showed a potent, reversible and non-time-dependent inhibition of MAO-A, which suggests its capacity in restoring serotoninergic neurotransmission being devoid of the side effects observed for classic MAO-A inhibitors. In addition, JL72 behaved as a moderate BuChE inhibitor. Finally, both hydrazines and hydrazides derivatives showed high affinity towards SSAO/VAP-1. Among them, JL72 behaved as a noncompetitive and the most potent inhibitor (IC50 = 0.19 ± 0.04 μM), possessing also a significant anti-inflammatory activity. The combined inhibition of SSAO/VAP-1, MAO (A and B), AChE and BuChE appear as an important therapeutic target to be considered in the treatment of cerebrovascular and neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Esteban
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Samadi A, de los Ríos C, Bolea I, Chioua M, Iriepa I, Moraleda I, Bartolini M, Andrisano V, Gálvez E, Valderas C, Unzeta M, Marco-Contelles J. Multipotent MAO and cholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Synthesis, pharmacological analysis and molecular modeling of heterocyclic substituted alkyl and cycloalkyl propargyl amine. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 52:251-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Fernández-Fernández L, Comes G, Bolea I, Valente T, Ruiz J, Murtra P, Ramirez B, Anglés N, Reguant J, Morelló JR, Boada M, Hidalgo J, Escorihuela RM, Unzeta M. LMN diet, rich in polyphenols and polyunsaturated fatty acids, improves mouse cognitive decline associated with aging and Alzheimer's disease. Behav Brain Res 2011; 228:261-71. [PMID: 22119712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We examined whether LMN diet, reported to induce neurogenesis in adult mice, was able to antagonize the age-related behavioural impairment and neuropathology in wild type (WT) mice and Tg2576 mice, a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thirteen-month-old mice (once the amyloid (Aβ) plaques were formed) were fed with the LMN diet for 5 months, and in the last 2 months of the regimen they received a battery of behavioural tests. In general, both aging and (to a higher extent) Tg2576 genotype deteriorated sensorimotor reflexes, exploratory behaviour in the hole board, activity (but not anxiety) in the elevated plus-maze, ambulation in the home cage during the dark phase, and spatial learning in the Morris water maze. LMN diet did not affect the detrimental effects observed in sensorimotor reflexes, but clearly reversed the effects of both aging and Tg2576 genotype. This behavioural amelioration was correlated with a 70% increase in cellular proliferation in subventricular zone (SVZ) of the brain, but did not correlate with a decrease of amyloid plaques. In contrast, administration of LMN diet to 10 months old mice (before the plaques are formed) strongly suggested a putative delay in the formation of plaques, as indicated by a decreasing tendency of soluble and fibrillar Aβ levels in hippocampus which correlated with a decrease in Aβ (1-40, 1-42) plasma content. Herein we describe for the first time that LMN diet rich in polyphenols, dry fruits and cocoa, was able to decrease behavioural deterioration caused by aging and Tg2576 genotype and to delay the Aβ plaque formation. These results corroborate the increasing importance of polyphenols as human dietary supplements in amelioration of the cognitive impairment during aging and neurological disorders such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fernández-Fernández
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Bolea I, Juárez-Jiménez J, de Los Ríos C, Chioua M, Pouplana R, Luque FJ, Unzeta M, Marco-Contelles J, Samadi A. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling of donepezil and N-[(5-(benzyloxy)-1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)methyl]-N-methylprop-2-yn-1-amine hybrids as new multipotent cholinesterase/monoamine oxidase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. J Med Chem 2011; 54:8251-70. [PMID: 22023459 DOI: 10.1021/jm200853t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A new family of multitarget molecules able to interact with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), as well as with monoamino oxidase (MAO) A and B, has been synthesized. Novel compounds (3-9) have been designed using a conjunctive approach that combines the benzylpiperidine moiety of the AChE inhibitor donepezil (1) and the indolyl propargylamino moiety of the MAO inhibitor N-[(5-benzyloxy-1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)methyl]-N-methylprop-2-yn-1-amine (2), connected through an oligomethylene linker. The most promising hybrid (5) is a potent inhibitor of both MAO-A (IC50=5.2±1.1 nM) and MAO-B (IC50=43±8.0 nM) and is a moderately potent inhibitor of AChE (IC50=0.35±0.01 μM) and BuChE (IC50=0.46±0.06 μM). Moreover, molecular modeling and kinetic studies support the dual binding site to AChE, which explains the inhibitory effect exerted on Aβ aggregation. Overall, the results suggest that the new compounds are promising multitarget drug candidates with potential impact for Alzheimer's disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bolea
- Departament de Bioquı́mica i Biologı́a Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Samadi A, Chioua M, Bolea I, de los Ríos C, Iriepa I, Moraleda I, Bastida A, Esteban G, Unzeta M, Gálvez E, Marco-Contelles J. Synthesis, biological assessment and molecular modeling of new multipotent MAO and cholinesterase inhibitors as potential drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:4665-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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19
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Lara Y, Martínez A, Lisbona P, Bolea I, González A, Romeo LM. Using the second law of thermodynamic to improve CO2 capture systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2011.01.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Valente T, Hidalgo J, Bolea I, Ramirez B, Anglés N, Reguant J, Morelló JR, Gutiérrez C, Boada M, Unzeta M. A diet enriched in polyphenols and polyunsaturated fatty acids, LMN diet, induces neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and hippocampus of adult mouse brain. J Alzheimers Dis 2010; 18:849-65. [PMID: 19661617 DOI: 10.3233/jad-2009-1188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
At present it is widely accepted that there are at least two neurogenic sites in the adult mammalian brain: the subventricular zone (SVZ) of lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus dentate gyrus. The adult proliferation rate declines with aging and is altered in several neurodegenerative pathologies including Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this work was to study whether a natural diet rich in polyphenols and polyunsaturated fatty acids (LMN diet) can modulate neurogenesis in adult mice and give insight into putative mechanisms. Results with BrdU and PCNA demonstrated that the LMN fed mice had more newly generated cells in the SVZ and SGZ, and those with DCX (undifferentiated neurons) and tyrosine hydroxylase, calretinin, and calbindin (differentiated neurons) immunostainings and western blots demonstrated a significant effect on neuronal populations, strongly supporting a positive role of the LMN diet on adult neurogenesis. In primary rat neuron cultures, the LMN cream dramatically protected against damage caused by both hydrogen peroxide and Abeta(1-42), demonstrating a potent antioxidant effect that could play a major role in the normal adult neurogenesis and, moreover, the LMN diet could have a significant effect combating the cognitive function decline during both aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Valente
- Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Torre M2, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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21
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Escorihuela RM, Ruiz J, Bolea I, Comes G, Hidalgo J, Ramírez B, Anglés MN, Morelló JR, Reguant J, Boada M, Unzeta M. P1‐237: Behavioral performance of aged wild type and APPSWE2576 mice fed with LMN diet. Alzheimers Dement 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2009.04.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M. Escorihuela
- Dept. Psiquiatria i Medicina LegalInstitut de Neurociències. UABBarcelonaSpain
| | - Jéssica Ruiz
- Dept. Psiquiatria i Medicina LegalInstitut de Neurociències. UABBarcelonaSpain
| | - Irene Bolea
- Dept. Bioquimica i Biologia MolecularInstitut de Neurociències. UABBarcelonaSpain
| | - Gemma Comes
- Dept. Biologia Cel.lularFisiologia i Immunologia. Institut de Neurociències. UABBarcelonaSpain
| | - Juan Hidalgo
- Dept. Biologia Cel.lularFisiologia i Immunologia. Institut de Neurociències. UABBarcelonaSpain
| | | | | | | | | | - Mercè Boada
- Servei de NeurologiaHospital G.U. Vall d'Hebron. Fundació ACEInstitut Català de Neurociències AplicadesBarcelonaSpain
| | - Mercedes Unzeta
- Dept. Bioquimica i Biologia MolecularInstitut de Neurociències. UABBarcelonaSpain
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22
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Bolea I, Valente T, Hidalgo J, Comes G, Ramírez B, Anglés MN, Morelló JR, Reguant J, Boada M, Unzeta M. P2‐238: Modulation of catecholaminergic and cholinergic neurons in mice fed with LMN diet, rich in polyphenols and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Alzheimers Dement 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2009.04.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bolea
- Dept. Bioquimica i Biologia MolecularInstitut de Neurociències. UABBarcelonaSpain
| | - Tony Valente
- Dept. Bioquimica i Biologia MolecularInstitut de Neurociències. UABBarcelonaSpain
| | - Juan Hidalgo
- Dept. Biologia Cel.lularFisiologia i Immunologia. Institut de Neurociències. UABBarcelonaSpain
| | - Gemma Comes
- Dept. Biologia Cel.lularFisiologia i Immunologia. Institut de Neurociències. UABBarcelonaSpain
| | | | | | | | | | - Mercè Boada
- La Morella Nuts SAReus (Tarragona)Spain
- Servei de NeurologiaHospital G.U. Vall d'Hebron. Fundació ACEInstitut Català de Neurociències AplicadesBarcelona (Spain)Spain
| | - Mercedes Unzeta
- Dept. Bioquimica i Biologia MolecularInstitut de Neurociències. UABBarcelonaSpain
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23
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Hernandez-Guillamon M, Bolea I, Solé M, Boada M, Tipton KF, Unzeta M. Sodium Bicarbonate Enhances Membrane-bound and Soluble Human Semicarbazide-sensitive Amine Oxidase Activity In Vitro. J Biochem 2007; 142:571-6. [PMID: 17846062 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvm165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) is a multifunctional enzyme with different biological roles that depend on the tissue where it is expressed. Because SSAO activity is altered in several pathological conditions, we were interested in studying the possible regulation of the human enzyme activity. It has been previously reported that SSAO activity is increased in the presence of Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) in vitro. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of the different constituents of DMEM on human SSAO activity. We found that sodium bicarbonate was the only component able to mimic the enhancement of both human aorta and plasma SSAO activity in vitro, suggesting a possible physiological role of bicarbonate as an intrinsic modulator of the human enzyme. Failure to take this activating effect into account could also result in inaccuracies in the reported tissue activities of this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Hernandez-Guillamon
- Dept. Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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