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Cances C, Vlodavets D, Comi GP, Masson R, Mazurkiewicz-Bełdzińska M, Saito K, Zanoteli E, Dodman A, El-Khairi M, Gorni K, Gravestock I, Hoffart J, Scalco RS, Darras BT. Natural history of Type 1 spinal muscular atrophy: a retrospective, global, multicenter study. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:300. [PMID: 35906608 PMCID: PMC9336055 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02455-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ANCHOVY was a global, multicenter, chart-review study that aimed to describe the natural history of Type 1 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) from a broad geographical area and provide further contextualization of results from the FIREFISH (NCT02913482) interventional study of risdiplam treatment in Type 1 SMA. METHODS Data were extracted from medical records of patients with first symptoms attributable to Type 1 SMA between 28 days and 3 months of age, genetic confirmation of SMA, and confirmed survival of motor neuron 2 copy number of two or unknown. The study period started on 1 January 2008 for all sites; study end dates were site-specific due to local treatment availabilities. Primary endpoints were time to death and/or permanent ventilation and proportion of patients achieving motor milestones. Secondary endpoints included time to initiation of respiratory and feeding support. RESULTS Data for 60 patients from nine countries across Asia, Europe and North and South America were analyzed. The median age (interquartile range [IQR]) for reaching death or permanent ventilation was ~ 7.3 (5.9-10.5) months. The median age (IQR) at permanent ventilation was ~ 12.7 (6.9-16.4) months and at death was ~ 41.2 (7.3-not applicable) months. No patients were able to sit without support or achieved any level of crawling, standing or walking. INTERPRETATION Findings from ANCHOVY were consistent with published natural history data on Type 1 SMA demonstrating the disease's devastating course, which markedly differed from risdiplam-treated infants (FIREFISH Part 2). The results provide meaningful additions to the literature, including a broader geographical representation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Cances
- AOC (Atlantic-Oceania-Caribbean) Reference Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, Paediatric Clinical Research Unit/Paediatric Multi-Thematic Module CIC 1436, Neuropaediatric Department, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France. .,Pediatric Clinical Research Unit, Pediatric Plurithematic Module, CIC 1436, Toulouse, France.
| | - Dmitry Vlodavets
- Russian Children Neuromuscular Center, Veltischev Clinical Pediatric Research Institute of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Giacomo Pietro Comi
- Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Masson
- Developmental Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Kayoko Saito
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Edmar Zanoteli
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela Dodman
- Pharma Development Neurology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Ksenija Gorni
- PDMA Neuroscience and Rare Disease, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Isaac Gravestock
- Personalized Healthcare Analytics, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Janine Hoffart
- PDMA Neuroscience and Rare Disease, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Renata S Scalco
- Pharma Development Neurology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Basil T Darras
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Darras BT, Guye S, Hoffart J, Schneider S, Gravestock I, Gorni K, Fuerst-Recktenwald S, Scalco RS, Finkel RS, De Vivo DC. Distribution of weight, stature, and growth status in children and adolescents with spinal muscular atrophy: An observational retrospective study in the United States. Muscle Nerve 2022; 66:84-90. [PMID: 35385150 PMCID: PMC9325433 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Introduction/Aims Data regarding weight, height/length, and growth status of patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) who have received only supportive care are limited. This cross‐sectional study describes these measurements in patients with Type 1 and Types 2/3 SMA and compares them with reference values from typically developing children. Methods Retrospective baseline data from three sites in the Pediatric Neuromuscular Clinical Research Network (Boston, New York, Philadelphia) were used. Descriptive statistics for weight, height/length, body mass index‐for‐age, as well as weight‐for‐length and absolute and relative deviations from reference values (ie, 50th percentile from World Health Organization/Centers for Disease Control growth charts) were calculated. Furthermore, growth status was reported. Results A total of 91 genetically confirmed patients with SMA receiving optimal supportive care and without any disease‐modifying treatment were stratified into Types 1 (n = 28) and 2/3 SMA (n = 63). Patients with Type 1 SMA weighed significantly less (median = −7.5%) compared with reference values and patients with Types 2/3 SMA were significantly shorter (mean = −3.0%) compared with reference values. The median weight was considerably below the 50th percentile in both groups of patients, even if they received a high standard of care and proactive feeding support. Discussion More research is needed to understand which factors influence growth longitudinally, and how to accurately capture growth in patients with SMA. Further research should investigate the best time to provide feeding support to avoid underweight, especially in patients with Type 1, and how to avoid the risk of overfeeding, especially in patients with Types 2/3 SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basil T Darras
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Ksenija Gorni
- PDMA, Neuroscience and Rare Disease, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Renata S Scalco
- Pharma Development Neurology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Richard S Finkel
- Center for Experimental Neurotherapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Darryl C De Vivo
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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Zanoteli E, Cances C, Vlodavets D, Comi G, Masson R, Mazurkiewicz-Bełdzińska M, Saito K, Dodman A, El-Khairi M, Gorni K, Gravestock I, Hoffart J, Scalco R, Darras B. SMA CLINICAL DATA. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Darras B, Guye S, Hoffart J, Schneider S, Gravestock I, Gorni K, Fuerst-Recktenwald S, Scalco R, Finkel R, De Vivo D. SMA - CLINICAL. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Burgstaller JM, Held U, Gravestock I, Klauser BS, Gort LM, Melzer L, Hasler S, Bierreth TD, Müller SE, Steurer J, Wertli MM. Impact of the Introduction of High-Sensitive Troponin Assay in the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Study. Am J Med 2020; 133:976-985. [PMID: 31987803 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared with troponin T/I test, the introduction of a high-sensitive (hs) troponin test may result in a higher proportion of positive test results in patients with chest pain and over-testing in patients without acute coronary syndrome. We assessed the impact of the introduction of the hs-troponin assay on the discharge diagnoses and the number of diagnostic tests in patients presenting with chest pain in a real-life setting in an emergency department. METHODS Retrospective chart review of patients presenting with chest pain to one of the largest hospitals in Switzerland. We compared the standard troponin period (December 2009 to November 2010) with the hs-troponin period (December 2010 to December 2011). RESULTS Data from 1274 patients (standard 597 [46.9%], hs-troponin 677 [53.1%]) were analyzed. The proportion of patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction increased (hs-troponin 14.9%, compared with 9.7%); the proportion in unstable angina (1.5% to 4.0%) and other cardiac illnesses (8.1% to 11.7%) decreased. Although the proportion of noncardiac chest pain illnesses (67%) remained unchanged, the proportion of positive hs-troponin was higher (6.1% vs 2.0%). The average number of additional tests/person decreased in troponin-positive patients (2.0 to 1.7 test per patient; P = .02) and troponin-negative patients (3.1 to 2.8 tests; P < .0001). CONCLUSION Although the introduction of the hs-troponin test resulted in a higher proportion of positive hs-troponin tests in patients with noncardiac chest pain, the average number of diagnostic tests decreased in patients with chest pain presenting to an emergency department, indicating an increased confidence of clinicians in their diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulrike Held
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Isaac Gravestock
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer
| | | | - Laura M Gort
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer
| | - Lina Melzer
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer
| | - Susann Hasler
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland; University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Sarah E Müller
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer
| | - Johann Steurer
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer
| | - Maria M Wertli
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer; Division of General Internal Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Burgstaller JM, Held U, Gravestock I, Klauser BS, Gort LM, Melzer L, Hasler S, Bierreth TD, Müller SE, Steurer J, Wertli MM. Datasets describing the introduction of the high-sensitive troponin in the emergency department. Data Brief 2020; 30:105481. [PMID: 32322624 PMCID: PMC7160515 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chest pain is a common clinical condition in the emergency department. A high sensitive (hs) troponin test assay may help to identify patients with acute coronary syndrome earlier compared to conventional tests but also entails the risk of a high proportion of positive test results in patients without cardiac disease. We assessed the impact of the introduction of the hs-troponin test in clinical practice in an emergency department. We compared December 1, 2009 until November 30, 2010 (standard test period) to December 1, 2010 - the date of the introduction of the hs-troponin assay - until December 31, 2011 (hs troponin test period) of patients presenting with chest pain to one of the ten largest hospitals in Switzerland. We identified electronic health records using the following ICD-10 codes: R06.4 (hyperventilation), R07.1 (chest pain when breathing), R07.2 (precordial pain), R07.3 (other chest pain), and R07.4 (chest pain not specified), I20 (angina pectoris), I21 (acute MI), I22 (recurrent MI), I23 (complications after acute MI), and I24 (other acute ischemic heart disease). Included were all medical records of adult patients (≥18 years) presenting to the ED with chest pain and with ≥1 troponin test. Excluded were records without troponin test, pregnancy, trauma patients/life-threatening conditions, malignant disease, current fracture, renal replacement therapy/severe kidney failure (creatinine clearance <30ml/min/1.73m2), patients with disability, or patients disagreeing that their data will be used for scientific purposes. Two researchers screened all records for in-/exclusion. The first presentation for chest pain to the ED and all presentations within the following three months extracted. Presentations after >3 months due to chest pain were defined as a new index visit of a second episode. The extraction form with predefined variables was pilot-tested in 20 records. Additional diagnostic tests were ECG, treadmill test, coronary angiography, MIBI scintigraphy, echocardiography, chest X-ray, computer tomography (CT) of the chest or abdomen, sonography of the abdomen or pleura, gastroscopy, and lung function tests. We compared the number of non-invasive / invasive cardiac diagnostic tests in troponin positive and negative patients and the number of diagnostic tests after the exclusion of patients with STEMI diagnosis. Non-invasive / invasive cardiac tests included treadmill test, coronary angiography, MIBI scintigraphy, and echocardiography. We calculated average monthly tests per patient and compared mean tests per patient between groups. We used a t-test to quantify the evidence for differential number of diagnostic tests per patient in each period. Between-group differences were estimated with 95% confidence intervals. All analyses were performed with the statistical software R for windows [1]. Interpretation of this data can be found in a research article titled Impact of the introduction of high-sensitive troponin assay on the evaluation of chest pain patients in the emergency department: a retrospective study [2]).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob M. Burgstaller
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Pestalozzistrasse 24, Zurich CH-8032, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Held
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Pestalozzistrasse 24, Zurich CH-8032, Switzerland
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isaac Gravestock
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Pestalozzistrasse 24, Zurich CH-8032, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin S. Klauser
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Pestalozzistrasse 24, Zurich CH-8032, Switzerland
| | - Laura M. Gort
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Pestalozzistrasse 24, Zurich CH-8032, Switzerland
| | - Lina Melzer
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Pestalozzistrasse 24, Zurich CH-8032, Switzerland
| | - Susann Hasler
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tenzin D. Bierreth
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Pestalozzistrasse 24, Zurich CH-8032, Switzerland
| | - Sarah E. Müller
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Pestalozzistrasse 24, Zurich CH-8032, Switzerland
| | - Johann Steurer
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Pestalozzistrasse 24, Zurich CH-8032, Switzerland
| | - Maria M. Wertli
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Pestalozzistrasse 24, Zurich CH-8032, Switzerland
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 16p, Bern CH-3010, Switzerland
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7
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Ulrich NH, Burgstaller JM, Gravestock I, Winklhofer S, Porchet F, Pichierri G, Wertli MM, Steurer J, Farshad M. The influence of endplate (Modic) changes on clinical outcomes in lumbar spinal stenosis surgery: a Swiss prospective multicenter cohort study. Eur Spine J 2020; 29:2205-2214. [PMID: 32157388 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-020-06364-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate if the presence or absence of preoperative endplate Modic changes (MC) is predictive for clinical outcomes in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) patients undergoing decompression-alone or decompression with instrumented fusion surgery. METHODS Two hundred five patients were included and categorized into four groups; 102 patients into the decompression-alone group with MCs, 41 patients into the fusion group with MCs, 46 patients into the decompression-alone group without MCs, and 16 patients into the fusion group without MCs. Clinical outcome was quantified with changes in spinal stenosis measure (SSM) symptoms, SSM function, NRS pain, and EQ-5D-3L sum score over time (measured at baseline, 12-, 24-, and 36-month follow-up) and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in SSM symptoms, SSM function, and NRS pain from baseline to 36-month follow-up. To investigate if possible effects of MCs had been modified or hidden by confounding variables, we used the group LASSO method to search for good prognostic models. RESULTS There were no obvious differences in any of the clinical outcome measures between groups at baseline. At 12 months, most patients have improved in all outcomes and maintained improved conditions over time (no significant group differences). Between 70 and 90 percent of the patients maintained a clinically important improvement up to 36 months. CONCLUSIONS Endplate MCs have no significant influence on clinical outcome parameters in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis compared to patients without MCs, independent of the chosen surgical strategy. All patients benefitted from surgical therapy up to 36-month follow-up. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils H Ulrich
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,University Spine Centre Zurich, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jakob M Burgstaller
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isaac Gravestock
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Winklhofer
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - François Porchet
- Department of Orthopedics and Neurosurgery, Spine Center, Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pichierri
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria M Wertli
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johann Steurer
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mazda Farshad
- University Spine Centre Zurich, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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8
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de Kraker MEA, Sommer H, de Velde F, Gravestock I, Weiss E, McAleenan A, Nikolakopoulos S, Amit O, Ashton T, Beyersmann J, Held L, Lovering AM, MacGowan AP, Mouton JW, Timsit JF, Wilson D, Wolkewitz M, Bettiol E, Dane A, Harbarth S. Optimizing the Design and Analysis of Clinical Trials for Antibacterials Against Multidrug-resistant Organisms: A White Paper From COMBACTE's STAT-Net. Clin Infect Dis 2019; 67:1922-1931. [PMID: 30107400 PMCID: PMC6260160 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Innovations are urgently required for clinical development of antibacterials against multidrug-resistant organisms. Therefore, a European, public-private working group (STAT-Net; part of Combatting Bacterial Resistance in Europe [COMBACTE]), has reviewed and tested several innovative trials designs and analytical methods for randomized clinical trials, which has resulted in 8 recommendations. The first 3 focus on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling, emphasizing the pertinence of population-based pharmacokinetic models, regulatory procedures for the reassessment of old antibiotics, and rigorous quality improvement. Recommendations 4 and 5 address the need for more sensitive primary end points through the use of rank-based or time-dependent composite end points. Recommendation 6 relates to the applicability of hierarchical nested-trial designs, and the last 2 recommendations propose the incorporation of historical or concomitant trial data through Bayesian methods and/or platform trials. Although not all of these recommendations are directly applicable, they provide a solid, evidence-based approach to develop new, and established, antibacterials and address this public health challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlieke E A de Kraker
- Infection Control Program, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Switzerland
| | - Harriet Sommer
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Femke de Velde
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Isaac Gravestock
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Weiss
- Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.,APHP Anesthesiology and Critical Care Department, Beaujon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra McAleenan
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Stavros Nikolakopoulos
- Department of Biostatistics and Research Support, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ohad Amit
- GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Leonhard Held
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew M Lovering
- Bristol Centre for Antibiotic Research and Evaluation, Infection Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - Alasdair P MacGowan
- Bristol Centre for Antibiotic Research and Evaluation, Infection Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - Johan W Mouton
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-François Timsit
- UMR 1137 IAME Inserm/Université Paris Diderot.,APHP Medical and Infectious Diseases ICU, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Martin Wolkewitz
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Esther Bettiol
- Infection Control Program, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Switzerland
| | - Aaron Dane
- DaneStat Consulting Limited, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - Stephan Harbarth
- Infection Control Program, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Switzerland
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Stuby J, Gravestock I, Wolfram E, Pichierri G, Steurer J, Burgstaller JM. Appetite-Suppressing and Satiety-Increasing Bioactive Phytochemicals: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092238. [PMID: 31533291 PMCID: PMC6769678 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide. Bioactive phytochemicals in food supplements are a trending approach to facilitate dieting and to improve patients' adherence to reducing food and caloric intake. The aim of this systematic review was to assess efficacy and safety of the most commonly used bioactive phytochemicals with appetite/hunger-suppressing and/or satiety/fullness-increasing properties. To be eligible, studies needed to have included at least 10 patients per group aged 18 years or older with no serious health problems except for overweight or obesity. Of those studies, 32 met the inclusion criteria, in which 27 different plants were tested alone or as a combination, regarding their efficacy in suppressing appetite/hunger and/or increasing satiety/fullness. The plant extracts most tested were derived from Camellia sinensis (green tea), Capsicum annuum, and Coffea species. None of the plant extracts tested in several trials showed a consistent positive treatment effect. Furthermore, only a few adverse events were reported, but none serious. The findings revealed mostly inconclusive evidence that the tested bioactive phytochemicals are effective in suppressing appetite/hunger and/or increasing satiety/fullness. More systematic and high quality clinical studies are necessary to determine the benefits and safety of phytochemical complementary remedies for dampening the feeling of hunger during dieting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Stuby
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (I.G.); (G.P.); (J.S.); (J.M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-255-7503
| | - Isaac Gravestock
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (I.G.); (G.P.); (J.S.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Evelyn Wolfram
- ZHAW Life Sciences und Facility Management, Phytopharmacy & Natural Product Research Group, 8820 Waedenswil, Switzerland;
| | - Giuseppe Pichierri
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (I.G.); (G.P.); (J.S.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Johann Steurer
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (I.G.); (G.P.); (J.S.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Jakob M. Burgstaller
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (I.G.); (G.P.); (J.S.); (J.M.B.)
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10
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Ulrich NH, Burgstaller JM, Gravestock I, Pichierri G, Wertli MM, Steurer J, Farshad M, Porchet F. Outcome of unilateral versus standard open midline approach for bilateral decompression in lumbar spinal stenosis: is "over the top" really better? A Swiss prospective multicenter cohort study. J Neurosurg Spine 2019; 31:236-245. [PMID: 31026821 DOI: 10.3171/2019.2.spine181309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this retrospective analysis of a prospective multicenter cohort study, the authors assessed which surgical approach, 1) the unilateral laminotomy with bilateral spinal canal decompression (ULBD; also called "over the top") or 2) the standard open bilateral decompression (SOBD), achieves better clinical outcomes in the long-term follow-up. The optimal surgical approach (ULBD vs SOBD) to treat lumbar spinal stenosis remains controversial. METHODS The main outcomes of this study were changes in a spinal stenosis measure (SSM) symptoms score, SSM function score, and quality of life (sum score of the 3-level version of the EQ-5D tool [EQ-5D-3L]) over time. These outcome parameters were measured at baseline and at 12-, 24-, and 36-month follow-ups. To obtain an unbiased result on the effect of ULBD compared to SOBD the authors used matching techniques relying on propensity scores. The latter were calculated based on a logistic regression model including relevant confounders. Additional outcomes of interest were raw changes in main outcomes and in the Roland and Morris Disability Questionnaire from baseline to 12, 24, and 36 months. RESULTS For this study, 277 patients met the inclusion criteria. One hundred forty-nine patients were treated by ULBD, and 128 were treated by SOBD. After propensity score matching, 128 patients were left in each group. In the matched cohort, the mean (95% CI) estimated differences between ULBD and SOBD for change in SSM symptoms score from baseline to 12 months were -0.04 (-0.25 to 0.17), to 24 months -0.07 (-0.29 to 0.15), and to 36 months -0.04 (-0.28 to 0.21). For change in SSM function score, the estimated differences from baseline to 12 months were 0.06 (-0.08 to 0.21), to 24 months 0.08 (-0.07 to 0.22), and to 36 months 0.01 (-0.16 to 0.17). Differences in changes between groups in EQ-5D-3L sum scores were estimated to be -0.32 (-4.04 to 3.40), -0.89 (-4.76 to 2.98), and -2.71 (-7.16 to 1.74) from baseline to 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively. None of the group differences between ULBD and SOBD were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Both surgical techniques, ULBD and SOBD, may provide effective treatment options for DLSS patients. The authors further determined that the patient outcome results for the technically more challenging ULBD seem not to be superior to those for the SOBD even after 3 years of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils H Ulrich
- 1Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich
| | - Jakob M Burgstaller
- 1Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich
| | - Isaac Gravestock
- 1Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich
| | - Giuseppe Pichierri
- 1Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich
| | - Maria M Wertli
- 1Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich
- 2Division of General Internal Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Bern University, Bern
| | - Johann Steurer
- 1Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich
| | - Mazda Farshad
- 3University Spine Centre Zurich, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich; and
| | - François Porchet
- 4Department of Orthopedics and Neurosurgery, Spine Center, Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland
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Held U, Steurer J, Pichierri G, Wertli MM, Farshad M, Brunner F, Guggenberger R, Porchet F, Fekete TF, Schmid UD, Gravestock I, Burgstaller JM. What is the treatment effect of surgery compared with nonoperative treatment in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis at 1-year follow-up? J Neurosurg Spine 2019; 31:185-193. [PMID: 30952135 DOI: 10.3171/2019.1.spine181098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to obtain an unbiased causal treatment estimate of the between-group difference of surgery versus nonoperative treatment with respect to outcomes on quality of life, pain, and disability in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) 12 months after baseline. METHODS The authors included DLSS patients from a large prospective multicenter observational cohort study. Propensity score matching was used, including 15 demographic, clinical, and MRI variables. Linear and logistic mixed-effects regression models were applied to quantify the between-group treatment effect. Unmeasured confounding was addressed in a sensitivity analysis, assessing the robustness of the results. RESULTS A total of 408 patients were included in this study, 222 patients after matching, with 111 in each treatment group. Patients with nonoperative treatment had lower quality of life at the 12-month follow-up (-6.21 points, 95% CI -9.93 to -2.49) as well as lower chances of reaching a minimal clinically important difference in Spinal Stenosis Measure (SSM) symptoms (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.53) and SSM function (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.49), than patients undergoing surgery. These results were very robust in case of unmeasured confounding. The surgical complication rate was low; 5 (4.5%) patients experienced a durotomy during intervention, and 5 (4.5%) patients underwent re-decompression. CONCLUSIONS The authors used propensity score matching to assess the difference in treatment efficacy of surgery compared with nonoperative treatment in elderly patients with DLSS. This study delivers strong evidence that surgical treatment is superior to nonoperative treatment. It helps in clinical decision-making, especially when patients suffer for a long time, sometimes over many years, hoping for a spontaneous improvement of their symptoms. In light of these new results, the number of years with disability can hopefully be reduced by providing adequate treatment at the right time for this ever-growing elderly and frail population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Held
- 1Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich
- 2Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Department of Biostatistics, University of Zurich
| | - Johann Steurer
- 1Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich
| | - Giuseppe Pichierri
- 1Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich
| | - Maria M Wertli
- 1Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich
- 3Division of General Internal Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Bern University, Bern
| | - Mazda Farshad
- 4Spine Division, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich
| | - Florian Brunner
- 5Department of Physical Medicine and Rheumatology, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich
| | - Roman Guggenberger
- 6Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich
| | - François Porchet
- 7Spine Unit, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, Schulthess Clinic, Zurich; and
| | - Tamás F Fekete
- 7Spine Unit, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, Schulthess Clinic, Zurich; and
| | - Urs D Schmid
- 8Department of Neurosurgery, Stadtspital Triemli, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isaac Gravestock
- 1Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich
| | - Jakob M Burgstaller
- 1Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich
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Thurnheer SE, Gravestock I, Pichierri G, Steurer J, Burgstaller JM. Benefits of Mobile Apps in Pain Management: Systematic Review. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2018; 6:e11231. [PMID: 30348633 PMCID: PMC6231845 DOI: 10.2196/11231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pain is a common condition with a significant physical, psychosocial, and economic impact. Due to enormous progress in mobile device technology as well as the increase in smartphone ownership in the general population, mobile apps can be used to monitor patients with pain and support them in pain management. Objective The aim of this review was to assess the efficacy of smartphone or computer tablet apps in the management of patients with pain. Methods In December 2017, a literature search was performed in the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane, and PsycINFO. In addition, a bibliography search was conducted. We included studies with at least 20 participants per arm that evaluated the effects of apps on smartphones or computer tablets on improvement in pain. Results A total of 15 studies with 1962 patients met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 4 studies examined the effect of mobile apps on pain management in an in-clinic setting and 11 in an out-clinic setting. The majority of the original studies reported beneficial effects of the use of a pain app. Severity of pain decreased in most studies where patients were using an app compared with patients not using an app. Other outcomes, such as worst pain or quality of life showed improvements in patients using an app. Due to heterogeneity between the original studies—patient characteristics, app content, and study setting—a synthesis of the results by statistical methods was not performed. Conclusions Apps for pain management may be beneficial for patients, particularly in an out-clinic setting. Studies have shown that pain apps are workable and well liked by patients and health care professionals. There is no doubt that in the near future, mobile technologies will develop further. Medicine could profit from this development as indicated by our results, but there is a need for more scientific inputs. It is desirable to know which elements of apps or additional devices and tools may improve usability and help patients in pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon E Thurnheer
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isaac Gravestock
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pichierri
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johann Steurer
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jakob M Burgstaller
- Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Gravestock I, Held L. Power priors based on multiple historical studies for binary outcomes. Biom J 2018; 61:1201-1218. [DOI: 10.1002/bimj.201700246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Gravestock
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - Leonhard Held
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
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Mosbahi S, Stak D, Gravestock I, Burgstaller JM, Steurer J, Eckstein F, Ferrari E, Berdajs DA. A systemic review and meta-analysis: Bentall versus David procedure in acute type A aortic dissection. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2018; 55:201-209. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezy266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Selim Mosbahi
- Department of General Surgery, County Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Switzerland
| | - Dushaj Stak
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Triemli City Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isaac Gravestock
- Horten Center for Patient-Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jakob M Burgstaller
- Horten Center for Patient-Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johann Steurer
- Horten Center for Patient-Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Friedrich Eckstein
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Ferrari
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiocentro Ticcino, Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Denis A Berdajs
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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15
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Ulrich NH, Gravestock I, Held U, Schawkat K, Pichierri G, Wertli MM, Winklhofer S, Farshad M, Porchet F, Steurer J, Burgstaller JM. Does Preoperative Degenerative Spondylolisthesis Influence Outcome in Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis? Three-Year Results of a Swiss Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study. World Neurosurg 2018; 114:e1275-e1283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.03.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gravestock I, Held L. Adaptive power priors with empirical Bayes for clinical trials. Pharm Stat 2017; 16:349-360. [DOI: 10.1002/pst.1814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Gravestock
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - Leonhard Held
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
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Held L, Gravestock I, Sabanés Bové D. Objective Bayesian model selection for Cox regression. Stat Med 2016; 35:5376-5390. [PMID: 27580645 DOI: 10.1002/sim.7089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
There is now a large literature on objective Bayesian model selection in the linear model based on the g-prior. The methodology has been recently extended to generalized linear models using test-based Bayes factors. In this paper, we show that test-based Bayes factors can also be applied to the Cox proportional hazards model. If the goal is to select a single model, then both the maximum a posteriori and the median probability model can be calculated. For clinical prediction of survival, we shrink the model-specific log hazard ratio estimates with subsequent calculation of the Breslow estimate of the cumulative baseline hazard function. A Bayesian model average can also be employed. We illustrate the proposed methodology with the analysis of survival data on primary biliary cirrhosis patients and the development of a clinical prediction model for future cardiovascular events based on data from the Second Manifestations of ARTerial disease (SMART) cohort study. Cross-validation is applied to compare the predictive performance with alternative model selection approaches based on Harrell's c-Index, the calibration slope and the integrated Brier score. Finally, a novel application of Bayesian variable selection to optimal conditional prediction via landmarking is described. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Held
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschegraben 84, 8001, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isaac Gravestock
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschegraben 84, 8001, Zurich, Switzerland
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