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Morin E, Oldfield EM, Baković M, Bordes JG, Castel JC, Crevecoeur I, Rougier H, Monnier G, Tostevin G, Buckley M. A double-blind comparison of morphological and collagen fingerprinting (ZooMS) methods of skeletal identifications from Paleolithic contexts. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18825. [PMID: 37914773 PMCID: PMC10620384 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Modeling the subsistence strategies of prehistoric groups depends on the accuracy of the faunal identifications that provide the basis for these models. However, our knowledge remains limited about the reproducibility of published taxonomic identifications and how they accurately reflect the range of species deposited in the archaeological record. This study compares taxonomic identifications at three Paleolithic sites (Saint-Césaire and Le Piage in France, Crvena Stijena in Montenegro) characterized by high levels of fragmentation. Identifications at these sites were derived using two methods: morphological identification and collagen fingerprinting, the latter a peptide-based approach known as ZooMS. Using a double-blind experimental design, we show that the two methods give taxonomic profiles that are statistically indistinguishable at all three sites. However, rare species and parts difficult to identify such as ribs seem more frequently associated with errors of identification. Comparisons with the indeterminate fraction indicate that large game is over-represented in the ZooMS sample at two of the three sites. These differences possibly signal differential fragmentation of elements from large species. Collagen fingerprinting can produce critical insights on the range distribution of animal prey in the past while also contributing to improved models of taphonomic processes and subsistence behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugène Morin
- Department of Anthropology, Trent University, DNA Bldg Block C, 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9J 7B8, Canada.
- Université de Bordeaux, PACEA, Allée Geoffroy St-Hilaire CS 50023, 33615, Pessac Cedex, France.
| | - Ellie-May Oldfield
- School of Natural Sciences, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Mile Baković
- Center for Conservation and Archaeology of Montenegro, UI. Njegoseva bb., Cetinje, Montenegro
| | - Jean-Guillaume Bordes
- Université de Bordeaux, PACEA, Allée Geoffroy St-Hilaire CS 50023, 33615, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Castel
- Département d'Archéozoologie, Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Route de Malagnou 1, 1208, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Crevecoeur
- Université de Bordeaux, PACEA, Allée Geoffroy St-Hilaire CS 50023, 33615, Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Hélène Rougier
- Department of Anthropology, California State University, Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA, 91330-8244, USA
| | - Gilliane Monnier
- Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, 395 H.H. Humphrey Center, 301 19th Ave. S, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Gilbert Tostevin
- Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, 395 H.H. Humphrey Center, 301 19th Ave. S, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Michael Buckley
- School of Natural Sciences, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
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2
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Posth C, Yu H, Ghalichi A, Rougier H, Crevecoeur I, Huang Y, Ringbauer H, Rohrlach AB, Nägele K, Villalba-Mouco V, Radzeviciute R, Ferraz T, Stoessel A, Tukhbatova R, Drucker DG, Lari M, Modi A, Vai S, Saupe T, Scheib CL, Catalano G, Pagani L, Talamo S, Fewlass H, Klaric L, Morala A, Rué M, Madelaine S, Crépin L, Caverne JB, Bocaege E, Ricci S, Boschin F, Bayle P, Maureille B, Le Brun-Ricalens F, Bordes JG, Oxilia G, Bortolini E, Bignon-Lau O, Debout G, Orliac M, Zazzo A, Sparacello V, Starnini E, Sineo L, van der Plicht J, Pecqueur L, Merceron G, Garcia G, Leuvrey JM, Garcia CB, Gómez-Olivencia A, Połtowicz-Bobak M, Bobak D, Le Luyer M, Storm P, Hoffmann C, Kabaciński J, Filimonova T, Shnaider S, Berezina N, González-Rabanal B, González Morales MR, Marín-Arroyo AB, López B, Alonso-Llamazares C, Ronchitelli A, Polet C, Jadin I, Cauwe N, Soler J, Coromina N, Rufí I, Cottiaux R, Clark G, Straus LG, Julien MA, Renhart S, Talaa D, Benazzi S, Romandini M, Amkreutz L, Bocherens H, Wißing C, Villotte S, de Pablo JFL, Gómez-Puche M, Esquembre-Bebia MA, Bodu P, Smits L, Souffi B, Jankauskas R, Kozakaitė J, Cupillard C, Benthien H, Wehrberger K, Schmitz RW, Feine SC, Schüler T, Thevenet C, Grigorescu D, Lüth F, Kotula A, Piezonka H, Schopper F, Svoboda J, Sázelová S, Chizhevsky A, Khokhlov A, Conard NJ, Valentin F, Harvati K, Semal P, Jungklaus B, Suvorov A, Schulting R, Moiseyev V, Mannermaa K, Buzhilova A, Terberger T, Caramelli D, Altena E, Haak W, Krause J. Author Correction: Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers. Nature 2023; 616:E5. [PMID: 36949207 PMCID: PMC10097593 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05942-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Posth
- Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - He Yu
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ayshin Ghalichi
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hélène Rougier
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Anthropology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA
| | | | - Yilei Huang
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Harald Ringbauer
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Adam B Rohrlach
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kathrin Nägele
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vanessa Villalba-Mouco
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón, IUCA-Aragosaurus, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rita Radzeviciute
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany
| | - Tiago Ferraz
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Stoessel
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Zoology and Evolutionary Research, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Rezeda Tukhbatova
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Center of Excellence 'Archaeometry', Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Dorothée G Drucker
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martina Lari
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Modi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Vai
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Tina Saupe
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Christiana L Scheib
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- St John's College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Giulio Catalano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Pagani
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sahra Talamo
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Helen Fewlass
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laurent Klaric
- UMR 8068 CNRS, TEMPS-Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques, Nanterre Cedex, France
| | - André Morala
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, MC, PACEA UMR 5199, Pessac, France
- Musée National de Préhistoire, Les Eyzies de Tayac, France
| | - Mathieu Rué
- Paléotime, Villard-de-Lans, France
- UMR 5140 CNRS, Archéologie des Sociétés Méditerranéennes, Université Paul-Valéry, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Madelaine
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, MC, PACEA UMR 5199, Pessac, France
- Musée National de Préhistoire, Les Eyzies de Tayac, France
| | - Laurent Crépin
- UMR 7194, Histoire Naturelle de l'Homme Préhistorique (HNHP), Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, UPVD, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Caverne
- Association APRAGE (Approches pluridisciplinaires de recherche archéologique du Grand-Est), Besançon, France
- Inrap GE, Metz, France
| | - Emmy Bocaege
- Skeletal Biology Research Centre, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Stefano Ricci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, U.R. Preistoria e Antropologia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
- Accademia dei Fisiocritici, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Boschin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, U.R. Preistoria e Antropologia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
- Accademia dei Fisiocritici, Siena, Italy
- Centro Studi sul Quaternario ODV, Sansepolcro, Italy
| | - Priscilla Bayle
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, MC, PACEA UMR 5199, Pessac, France
| | - Bruno Maureille
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, MC, PACEA UMR 5199, Pessac, France
| | | | | | - Gregorio Oxilia
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Eugenio Bortolini
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
- Human Ecology and Archaeology (HUMANE), Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, Institució Milà i Fontanals de Investigación en Humanidades, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IMF - CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olivier Bignon-Lau
- UMR 8068 CNRS, TEMPS-Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques, Nanterre Cedex, France
| | - Grégory Debout
- UMR 8068 CNRS, TEMPS-Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques, Nanterre Cedex, France
| | - Michel Orliac
- UMR 8068 CNRS, TEMPS-Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques, Nanterre Cedex, France
| | - Antoine Zazzo
- UMR 7209-Archéozoologie et Archéobotanique-Sociétés, Pratiques et Environnements, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Vitale Sparacello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita e Dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Neuroscienze e Antropologia, Università Degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Luca Sineo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Laure Pecqueur
- Inrap CIF, Croissy-Beaubourg, France
- UMR 7206 Éco-Anthropologie, Équipe ABBA. CNRS, MNHN, Université de Paris Cité, Musée de l'Homme, Paris, France
| | - Gildas Merceron
- PALEVOPRIM Lab UMR 7262 CNRS-INEE, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Géraldine Garcia
- PALEVOPRIM Lab UMR 7262 CNRS-INEE, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Centre de Valorisation des Collections Scientifiques, Université de Poitiers, Mignaloux Beauvoir, France
| | | | | | - Asier Gómez-Olivencia
- Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Centro UCM-ISCIII de Investigación sobre Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Dariusz Bobak
- Foundation for Rzeszów Archaeological Centre, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Mona Le Luyer
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, MC, PACEA UMR 5199, Pessac, France
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul Storm
- Groninger Instituut voor Archeologie, Groningen University, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jacek Kabaciński
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Science, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Svetlana Shnaider
- ArchaeoZOOlogy in Siberia and Central Asia-ZooSCAn, CNRS-IAET SB RAS International Research Laboratory, IRL 2013, Institute of Archaeology SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalia Berezina
- Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Borja González-Rabanal
- Grupo de I+D+i EVOADAPTA (Evolución Humana y Adaptaciones durante la Prehistoria) Departamento de Ciencias Históricas, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Manuel R González Morales
- Instituto Internacional de Investigaciones Prehistóricas de Cantabria (IIIPC), Universidad de Cantabria-Gobierno de Cantabria-Banco Santander, Santander, Spain
| | - Ana B Marín-Arroyo
- Grupo de I+D+i EVOADAPTA (Evolución Humana y Adaptaciones durante la Prehistoria) Departamento de Ciencias Históricas, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Belén López
- Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Annamaria Ronchitelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, U.R. Preistoria e Antropologia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Caroline Polet
- Quaternary Environments and Humans, OD Earth and History of Life, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Jadin
- Quaternary Environments and Humans, OD Earth and History of Life, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Cauwe
- Musées Royaux d'Art et d'Histoire, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Joaquim Soler
- Institute of Historical Research, University of Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Neus Coromina
- Institute of Historical Research, University of Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Isaac Rufí
- Institute of Historical Research, University of Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Geoffrey Clark
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Lawrence G Straus
- Grupo de I+D+i EVOADAPTA (Evolución Humana y Adaptaciones durante la Prehistoria) Departamento de Ciencias Históricas, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Marie-Anne Julien
- UMR 7194, Histoire Naturelle de l'Homme Préhistorique (HNHP), Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, UPVD, Paris, France
- GéoArchPal-GéoArchÉon, Viéville sous-les-Cotes, France
| | - Silvia Renhart
- Archäologie & Münzkabinett, Universalmuseum Joanneum, Graz, Austria
| | - Dorothea Talaa
- Museum 'Das Dorf des Welan', Wöllersdorf-Steinabrückl, Austria
| | - Stefano Benazzi
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Matteo Romandini
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
- Pradis Cave Museum, Clauzetto, Italy
- Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luc Amkreutz
- National Museum of Antiquities, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hervé Bocherens
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Biogeology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wißing
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Biogeology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sébastien Villotte
- UMR 7206 Éco-Anthropologie, Équipe ABBA. CNRS, MNHN, Université de Paris Cité, Musée de l'Homme, Paris, France
- Quaternary Environments and Humans, OD Earth and History of Life, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
- Unité de Recherches Art, Archéologie Patrimoine, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Javier Fernández-López de Pablo
- I.U. de Investigación en Arqueología y Patrimonio Histórico, University of Alicante, Sant Vicent del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Magdalena Gómez-Puche
- I.U. de Investigación en Arqueología y Patrimonio Histórico, University of Alicante, Sant Vicent del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Pierre Bodu
- UMR 8068 CNRS, TEMPS-Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques, Nanterre Cedex, France
| | - Liesbeth Smits
- Amsterdam Centre of Ancient Studies and Archaeology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bénédicte Souffi
- UMR 8068 CNRS, TEMPS-Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques, Nanterre Cedex, France
- Inrap CIF, Croissy-Beaubourg, France
| | - Rimantas Jankauskas
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Justina Kozakaitė
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Christophe Cupillard
- Service Régional de l'Archéologie de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Besançon Cedex, France
- Laboratoire de Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249 du CNRS, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Besançon Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | - Susanne C Feine
- LVR-LandesMuseum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Pre- and Protohistory, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tim Schüler
- Department of Archeological Sciences, Thuringian State Office for Monuments Preservation and Archeology, Weimar, Germany
| | | | - Dan Grigorescu
- University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geology and Geophysics, Department of Geology, Bucharest, Romania
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Levant Culture and Civilization, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Andreas Kotula
- Brandenburg Authorities for Heritage Management and Archaeological State Museum, Zossen, Germany
| | - Henny Piezonka
- Institute for Pre- and Protohistory, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Franz Schopper
- Brandenburg Authorities for Heritage Management and Archaeological State Museum, Zossen, Germany
| | - Jiří Svoboda
- Institute of Archeology at Brno, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre for Palaeolithic and Paleoanthropology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Sandra Sázelová
- Institute of Archeology at Brno, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre for Palaeolithic and Paleoanthropology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Andrey Chizhevsky
- Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Khokhlov
- Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education, Samara, Russia
| | - Nicholas J Conard
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frédérique Valentin
- UMR 8068 CNRS, TEMPS-Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques, Nanterre Cedex, France
| | - Katerina Harvati
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Paleoanthropology, Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- DFG Centre for Advanced Studies 'Words, Bones, Genes, Tools', University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Patrick Semal
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Alexander Suvorov
- Institute of Archaeology Russian, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vyacheslav Moiseyev
- Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Alexandra Buzhilova
- Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Thomas Terberger
- Seminar for Pre- and Protohistory, Göttingen University, Göttingen, Germany
- Lower Saxony State Service for Cultural Heritage, Hannover, Germany
| | - David Caramelli
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Eveline Altena
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang Haak
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Krause
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
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3
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Posth C, Yu H, Ghalichi A, Rougier H, Crevecoeur I, Huang Y, Ringbauer H, Rohrlach AB, Nägele K, Villalba-Mouco V, Radzeviciute R, Ferraz T, Stoessel A, Tukhbatova R, Drucker DG, Lari M, Modi A, Vai S, Saupe T, Scheib CL, Catalano G, Pagani L, Talamo S, Fewlass H, Klaric L, Morala A, Rué M, Madelaine S, Crépin L, Caverne JB, Bocaege E, Ricci S, Boschin F, Bayle P, Maureille B, Le Brun-Ricalens F, Bordes JG, Oxilia G, Bortolini E, Bignon-Lau O, Debout G, Orliac M, Zazzo A, Sparacello V, Starnini E, Sineo L, van der Plicht J, Pecqueur L, Merceron G, Garcia G, Leuvrey JM, Garcia CB, Gómez-Olivencia A, Połtowicz-Bobak M, Bobak D, Le Luyer M, Storm P, Hoffmann C, Kabaciński J, Filimonova T, Shnaider S, Berezina N, González-Rabanal B, González Morales MR, Marín-Arroyo AB, López B, Alonso-Llamazares C, Ronchitelli A, Polet C, Jadin I, Cauwe N, Soler J, Coromina N, Rufí I, Cottiaux R, Clark G, Straus LG, Julien MA, Renhart S, Talaa D, Benazzi S, Romandini M, Amkreutz L, Bocherens H, Wißing C, Villotte S, de Pablo JFL, Gómez-Puche M, Esquembre-Bebia MA, Bodu P, Smits L, Souffi B, Jankauskas R, Kozakaitė J, Cupillard C, Benthien H, Wehrberger K, Schmitz RW, Feine SC, Schüler T, Thevenet C, Grigorescu D, Lüth F, Kotula A, Piezonka H, Schopper F, Svoboda J, Sázelová S, Chizhevsky A, Khokhlov A, Conard NJ, Valentin F, Harvati K, Semal P, Jungklaus B, Suvorov A, Schulting R, Moiseyev V, Mannermaa K, Buzhilova A, Terberger T, Caramelli D, Altena E, Haak W, Krause J. Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers. Nature 2023; 615:117-126. [PMID: 36859578 PMCID: PMC9977688 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05726-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Modern humans have populated Europe for more than 45,000 years1,2. Our knowledge of the genetic relatedness and structure of ancient hunter-gatherers is however limited, owing to the scarceness and poor molecular preservation of human remains from that period3. Here we analyse 356 ancient hunter-gatherer genomes, including new genomic data for 116 individuals from 14 countries in western and central Eurasia, spanning between 35,000 and 5,000 years ago. We identify a genetic ancestry profile in individuals associated with Upper Palaeolithic Gravettian assemblages from western Europe that is distinct from contemporaneous groups related to this archaeological culture in central and southern Europe4, but resembles that of preceding individuals associated with the Aurignacian culture. This ancestry profile survived during the Last Glacial Maximum (25,000 to 19,000 years ago) in human populations from southwestern Europe associated with the Solutrean culture, and with the following Magdalenian culture that re-expanded northeastward after the Last Glacial Maximum. Conversely, we reveal a genetic turnover in southern Europe suggesting a local replacement of human groups around the time of the Last Glacial Maximum, accompanied by a north-to-south dispersal of populations associated with the Epigravettian culture. From at least 14,000 years ago, an ancestry related to this culture spread from the south across the rest of Europe, largely replacing the Magdalenian-associated gene pool. After a period of limited admixture that spanned the beginning of the Mesolithic, we find genetic interactions between western and eastern European hunter-gatherers, who were also characterized by marked differences in phenotypically relevant variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Posth
- Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - He Yu
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ayshin Ghalichi
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hélène Rougier
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Anthropology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA
| | | | - Yilei Huang
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Harald Ringbauer
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Adam B Rohrlach
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kathrin Nägele
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vanessa Villalba-Mouco
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón, IUCA-Aragosaurus, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rita Radzeviciute
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany
| | - Tiago Ferraz
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Stoessel
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Zoology and Evolutionary Research, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Rezeda Tukhbatova
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Center of Excellence 'Archaeometry', Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Dorothée G Drucker
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martina Lari
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Modi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Vai
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Tina Saupe
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Christiana L Scheib
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- St John's College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Giulio Catalano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Pagani
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sahra Talamo
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Helen Fewlass
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laurent Klaric
- UMR 8068 CNRS, TEMPS-Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques, Nanterre Cedex, France
| | - André Morala
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, MC, PACEA UMR 5199, Pessac, France
- Musée National de Préhistoire, Les Eyzies de Tayac, France
| | - Mathieu Rué
- Paléotime, Villard-de-Lans, France
- UMR 5140 CNRS, Archéologie des Sociétés Méditerranéennes, Université Paul-Valéry, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Madelaine
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, MC, PACEA UMR 5199, Pessac, France
- Musée National de Préhistoire, Les Eyzies de Tayac, France
| | - Laurent Crépin
- UMR 7194, Histoire Naturelle de l'Homme Préhistorique (HNHP), Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, UPVD, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Caverne
- Association APRAGE (Approches pluridisciplinaires de recherche archéologique du Grand-Est), Besançon, France
- Inrap GE, Metz, France
| | - Emmy Bocaege
- Skeletal Biology Research Centre, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Stefano Ricci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, U.R. Preistoria e Antropologia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
- Accademia dei Fisiocritici, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Boschin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, U.R. Preistoria e Antropologia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
- Accademia dei Fisiocritici, Siena, Italy
- Centro Studi sul Quaternario ODV, Sansepolcro, Italy
| | - Priscilla Bayle
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, MC, PACEA UMR 5199, Pessac, France
| | - Bruno Maureille
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, MC, PACEA UMR 5199, Pessac, France
| | | | | | - Gregorio Oxilia
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Eugenio Bortolini
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
- Human Ecology and Archaeology (HUMANE), Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, Institució Milà i Fontanals de Investigación en Humanidades, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IMF - CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olivier Bignon-Lau
- UMR 8068 CNRS, TEMPS-Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques, Nanterre Cedex, France
| | - Grégory Debout
- UMR 8068 CNRS, TEMPS-Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques, Nanterre Cedex, France
| | - Michel Orliac
- UMR 8068 CNRS, TEMPS-Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques, Nanterre Cedex, France
| | - Antoine Zazzo
- UMR 7209-Archéozoologie et Archéobotanique-Sociétés, Pratiques et Environnements, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Vitale Sparacello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita e Dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Neuroscienze e Antropologia, Università Degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Luca Sineo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Laure Pecqueur
- Inrap CIF, Croissy-Beaubourg, France
- UMR 7206 Éco-Anthropologie, Équipe ABBA. CNRS, MNHN, Université de Paris Cité, Musée de l'Homme, Paris, France
| | - Gildas Merceron
- PALEVOPRIM Lab UMR 7262 CNRS-INEE, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Géraldine Garcia
- PALEVOPRIM Lab UMR 7262 CNRS-INEE, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Centre de Valorisation des Collections Scientifiques, Université de Poitiers, Mignaloux Beauvoir, France
| | | | | | - Asier Gómez-Olivencia
- Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Centro UCM-ISCIII de Investigación sobre Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Dariusz Bobak
- Foundation for Rzeszów Archaeological Centre, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Mona Le Luyer
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, MC, PACEA UMR 5199, Pessac, France
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul Storm
- Groninger Instituut voor Archeologie, Groningen University, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jacek Kabaciński
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Science, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Svetlana Shnaider
- ArchaeoZOOlogy in Siberia and Central Asia-ZooSCAn, CNRS-IAET SB RAS International Research Laboratory, IRL 2013, Institute of Archaeology SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalia Berezina
- Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Borja González-Rabanal
- Grupo de I+D+i EVOADAPTA (Evolución Humana y Adaptaciones durante la Prehistoria) Departamento de Ciencias Históricas, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Manuel R González Morales
- Instituto Internacional de Investigaciones Prehistóricas de Cantabria (IIIPC), Universidad de Cantabria-Gobierno de Cantabria-Banco Santander, Santander, Spain
| | - Ana B Marín-Arroyo
- Grupo de I+D+i EVOADAPTA (Evolución Humana y Adaptaciones durante la Prehistoria) Departamento de Ciencias Históricas, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Belén López
- Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Annamaria Ronchitelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, U.R. Preistoria e Antropologia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Caroline Polet
- Quaternary Environments and Humans, OD Earth and History of Life, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Jadin
- Quaternary Environments and Humans, OD Earth and History of Life, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Cauwe
- Musées Royaux d'Art et d'Histoire, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Joaquim Soler
- Institute of Historical Research, University of Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Neus Coromina
- Institute of Historical Research, University of Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Isaac Rufí
- Institute of Historical Research, University of Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Geoffrey Clark
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Lawrence G Straus
- Grupo de I+D+i EVOADAPTA (Evolución Humana y Adaptaciones durante la Prehistoria) Departamento de Ciencias Históricas, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Marie-Anne Julien
- UMR 7194, Histoire Naturelle de l'Homme Préhistorique (HNHP), Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, UPVD, Paris, France
- GéoArchPal-GéoArchÉon, Viéville sous-les-Cotes, France
| | - Silvia Renhart
- Archäologie & Münzkabinett, Universalmuseum Joanneum, Graz, Austria
| | - Dorothea Talaa
- Museum 'Das Dorf des Welan', Wöllersdorf-Steinabrückl, Austria
| | - Stefano Benazzi
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Matteo Romandini
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
- Pradis Cave Museum, Clauzetto, Italy
- Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luc Amkreutz
- National Museum of Antiquities, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hervé Bocherens
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Biogeology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wißing
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Biogeology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sébastien Villotte
- UMR 7206 Éco-Anthropologie, Équipe ABBA. CNRS, MNHN, Université de Paris Cité, Musée de l'Homme, Paris, France
- Quaternary Environments and Humans, OD Earth and History of Life, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
- Unité de Recherches Art, Archéologie Patrimoine, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Javier Fernández-López de Pablo
- I.U. de Investigación en Arqueología y Patrimonio Histórico, University of Alicante, Sant Vicent del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Magdalena Gómez-Puche
- I.U. de Investigación en Arqueología y Patrimonio Histórico, University of Alicante, Sant Vicent del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Pierre Bodu
- UMR 8068 CNRS, TEMPS-Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques, Nanterre Cedex, France
| | - Liesbeth Smits
- Amsterdam Centre of Ancient Studies and Archaeology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bénédicte Souffi
- UMR 8068 CNRS, TEMPS-Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques, Nanterre Cedex, France
- Inrap CIF, Croissy-Beaubourg, France
| | - Rimantas Jankauskas
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Justina Kozakaitė
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Christophe Cupillard
- Service Régional de l'Archéologie de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Besançon Cedex, France
- Laboratoire de Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249 du CNRS, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Besançon Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | - Susanne C Feine
- LVR-LandesMuseum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Pre- and Protohistory, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tim Schüler
- Department of Archeological Sciences, Thuringian State Office for Monuments Preservation and Archeology, Weimar, Germany
| | | | - Dan Grigorescu
- University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geology and Geophysics, Department of Geology, Bucharest, Romania
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Levant Culture and Civilization, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Andreas Kotula
- Brandenburg Authorities for Heritage Management and Archaeological State Museum, Zossen, Germany
| | - Henny Piezonka
- Institute for Pre- and Protohistory, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Franz Schopper
- Brandenburg Authorities for Heritage Management and Archaeological State Museum, Zossen, Germany
| | - Jiří Svoboda
- Institute of Archeology at Brno, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre for Palaeolithic and Paleoanthropology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Sandra Sázelová
- Institute of Archeology at Brno, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre for Palaeolithic and Paleoanthropology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Andrey Chizhevsky
- Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Khokhlov
- Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education, Samara, Russia
| | - Nicholas J Conard
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frédérique Valentin
- UMR 8068 CNRS, TEMPS-Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques, Nanterre Cedex, France
| | - Katerina Harvati
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Paleoanthropology, Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- DFG Centre for Advanced Studies 'Words, Bones, Genes, Tools', University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Patrick Semal
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Alexander Suvorov
- Institute of Archaeology Russian, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vyacheslav Moiseyev
- Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Alexandra Buzhilova
- Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Thomas Terberger
- Seminar for Pre- and Protohistory, Göttingen University, Göttingen, Germany
- Lower Saxony State Service for Cultural Heritage, Hannover, Germany
| | - David Caramelli
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Eveline Altena
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang Haak
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Krause
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
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4
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Crevecoeur I, Dias-Meirinho MH, Zazzo A, Antoine D, Bon F. New insights on interpersonal violence in the Late Pleistocene based on the Nile valley cemetery of Jebel Sahaba. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9991. [PMID: 34045477 PMCID: PMC8159958 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89386-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The remains of 61 individuals buried in the cemetery of Jebel Sahaba (site 117) offer unique and substantial evidence to the emergence of violence in the Nile Valley at the end of the Late Pleistocene. Excavated and assessed in the 1960s, some of the original findings and interpretations are disputed. A full reanalysis of the timing, nature and extent of the violence was conducted through the microscopic characterization of the nature of each osseous lesion, and the reassessment of the archaeological data. Over 100 previously undocumented healed and unhealed lesions were identified on both new and/or previously identified victims, including several embedded lithic artefacts. Most trauma appears to be the result of projectile weapons and new analyses confirm for the first time the repetitive nature of the interpersonal acts of violence. Indeed, a quarter of the skeletons with lesions exhibit both healed and unhealed trauma. We dismiss the hypothesis that Jebel Sahaba reflects a single warfare event, with the new data supporting sporadic and recurrent episodes of inter-personal violence, probably triggered by major climatic and environmental changes. At least 13.4 ka old, Jebel Sahaba is one of the earliest sites displaying interpersonal violence in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Crevecoeur
- UMR 5199-PACEA, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, B8, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615, Pessac Cedex, France.
| | - Marie-Hélène Dias-Meirinho
- UMR 5608-TRACES, Université de Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Maison de La Recherche, 5 Allées Antonio Machado, 31058, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Antoine Zazzo
- UMR 7209-AASPE, CNRS, MNHN, CP 56 - 43 Rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Antoine
- Department of Egypt and Sudan, The British Museum, Great Russell Street, London, WC1B 3DG, UK
| | - François Bon
- UMR 5608-TRACES, Université de Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Maison de La Recherche, 5 Allées Antonio Machado, 31058, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
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5
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Lambrecht G, Rodríguez de Vera C, Jambrina-Enríquez M, Crevecoeur I, Gonzalez-Urquijo J, Lazuen T, Monnier G, Pajović G, Tostevin G, Mallol C. Characterisation of charred organic matter in micromorphological thin sections by means of Raman spectroscopy. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 2021; 13:13. [PMID: 33456618 PMCID: PMC7788033 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-020-01263-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Burned or charred organic matter in anthropogenic combustion features may provide important clues about past human activities related to fire. To interpret archaeological hearths, a correct identification of the organic source material is key. In the present work, Raman spectroscopy is applied to characterise the structural properties of char produced in laboratory heating- and open-fire experiments. This reference data set is compared to analyses of three different archaeological sites with Middle Palaeolithic combustion contexts. The results show that it is possible to determine whether a charred fragment is the product of burning animal-derived matter (e.g. meat) or plant-derived matter (e.g. wood) by plotting a few Raman spectral parameters (i.e. position of G and D bands, and intensity ratios H D/H G and H V/H G) against one another. The most effective parameters for discriminating animal- from plant-derived matter are the position of the G band and the H V/H G intensity ratio. This method can be applied on raw sample material and on uncovered micromorphological thin sections. The latter greatly compliments micromorphology by providing information about char fragments without any clear morphological characteristics. This study is the first of its kind and may provide archaeologists with a robust new method to distinguish animal- from plant-derived char in thin sections. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12520-020-01263-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn Lambrecht
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO), Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Caterina Rodríguez de Vera
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO), Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Margarita Jambrina-Enríquez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO), Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - Jesus Gonzalez-Urquijo
- Instituto Internacional de Investigaciones Prehistóricas de Cantabria (IIIPC), Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Talía Lazuen
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5199 - PACEA, Pessac, France
| | - Gilliane Monnier
- Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | | | - Gilbert Tostevin
- Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Carolina Mallol
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO), Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Geografía e Historia, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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6
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Petr M, Hajdinjak M, Fu Q, Essel E, Rougier H, Crevecoeur I, Semal P, Golovanova LV, Doronichev VB, Lalueza-Fox C, de la Rasilla M, Rosas A, Shunkov MV, Kozlikin MB, Derevianko AP, Vernot B, Meyer M, Kelso J. The evolutionary history of Neanderthal and Denisovan Y chromosomes. Science 2020; 369:1653-1656. [PMID: 32973032 DOI: 10.1126/science.abb6460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ancient DNA has provided new insights into many aspects of human history. However, we lack comprehensive studies of the Y chromosomes of Denisovans and Neanderthals because the majority of specimens that have been sequenced to sufficient coverage are female. Sequencing Y chromosomes from two Denisovans and three Neanderthals shows that the Y chromosomes of Denisovans split around 700 thousand years ago from a lineage shared by Neanderthals and modern human Y chromosomes, which diverged from each other around 370 thousand years ago. The phylogenetic relationships of archaic and modern human Y chromosomes differ from the population relationships inferred from the autosomal genomes and mirror mitochondrial DNA phylogenies, indicating replacement of both the mitochondrial and Y chromosomal gene pools in late Neanderthals. This replacement is plausible if the low effective population size of Neanderthals resulted in an increased genetic load in Neanderthals relative to modern humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Petr
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Mateja Hajdinjak
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.,The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, UK
| | - Qiaomei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, IVPP, CAS, Beijing 100044, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing 100044, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Elena Essel
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hélène Rougier
- Department of Anthropology, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330-8244, USA
| | | | - Patrick Semal
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Carles Lalueza-Fox
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco de la Rasilla
- Área de Prehistoria, Departamento de Historia, Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Antonio Rosas
- Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael V Shunkov
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maxim B Kozlikin
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anatoli P Derevianko
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Benjamin Vernot
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Meyer
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Janet Kelso
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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7
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Willman JC, Hernando R, Matu M, Crevecoeur I. Biocultural diversity in Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene Africa: Olduvai Hominid 1 (Tanzania) biological affinity and intentional body modification. Am J Phys Anthropol 2020; 172:664-681. [PMID: 31944279 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The dentition of Olduvai Hominid 1 (OH1) exhibits an anomalous pattern of dental wear that was originally attributed to either intentional cultural modification (filing) or plant processing behaviors. A differential diagnosis of the wear and assessment of the biological affinity of OH1 is presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS Macroscopic and microscopic observations of all labial and buccal tooth surfaces were undertaken to assess wear patterns. A multivariate analysis of mandibular morphology of OH1 compared to other Late Pleistocene, Holocene, and recent modern humans was used to ascertain biological affinity. RESULTS The morphological variation of the OH1 mandible is closely aligned with variation in penecontemporaneous fossils from Africa and outside that of recent humans. The concave wear facets exposing dentin on the labial surfaces of all three preserved mandibular incisors is confirmed. Substantial loss of labial/buccal surfaces was documented on the surfaces of all in situ maxillary and mandibular canines, premolars, and molars ranging from distinct facets with well-defined edges, to blunting or "polishing" around areas of maximum buccal curvature. The wear on both the anterior and postcanine teeth closely resemble that caused by adornments ("labrets") worn in lower-lip and buccal facial piercings known from bioarchaeological and ethnographic contexts. The wear pattern suggests that the OH1 wore three facial piercings-two buccal/lateral and a medial one in the lower lip. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that the expression of social identities through intentional body modification is more diverse than previously documented elsewhere in Africa during the Late Pleistocene (i.e., ablation) and Early Holocene (i.e., ablation, chipping, and filing).
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Willman
- Laboratory of Prehistory, CIAS - Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal.,IPHES, Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social , 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Àrea de Prehistòria, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43002 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Raquel Hernando
- IPHES, Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social , 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Àrea de Prehistòria, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43002 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marie Matu
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5199, PACEA, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, et Anthropologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Crevecoeur
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5199, PACEA, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, et Anthropologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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8
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Lipson M, Ribot I, Mallick S, Rohland N, Olalde I, Adamski N, Broomandkhoshbacht N, Lawson AM, López S, Oppenheimer J, Stewardson K, Asombang RN, Bocherens H, Bradman N, Culleton BJ, Cornelissen E, Crevecoeur I, de Maret P, Fomine FLM, Lavachery P, Mindzie CM, Orban R, Sawchuk E, Semal P, Thomas MG, Van Neer W, Veeramah KR, Kennett DJ, Patterson N, Hellenthal G, Lalueza-Fox C, MacEachern S, Prendergast ME, Reich D. Ancient West African foragers in the context of African population history. Nature 2020; 577:665-670. [PMID: 31969706 PMCID: PMC8386425 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-1929-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Our knowledge of ancient human population structure in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly prior to the advent of food production, remains limited. Here we report genome-wide DNA data from four children-two of whom were buried approximately 8,000 years ago and two 3,000 years ago-from Shum Laka (Cameroon), one of the earliest known archaeological sites within the probable homeland of the Bantu language group1-11. One individual carried the deeply divergent Y chromosome haplogroup A00, which today is found almost exclusively in the same region12,13. However, the genome-wide ancestry profiles of all four individuals are most similar to those of present-day hunter-gatherers from western Central Africa, which implies that populations in western Cameroon today-as well as speakers of Bantu languages from across the continent-are not descended substantially from the population represented by these four people. We infer an Africa-wide phylogeny that features widespread admixture and three prominent radiations, including one that gave rise to at least four major lineages deep in the history of modern humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Lipson
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Isabelle Ribot
- Département d'Anthropologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Swapan Mallick
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nadin Rohland
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Iñigo Olalde
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicole Adamski
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Ann Marie Lawson
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Saioa López
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jonas Oppenheimer
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Kristin Stewardson
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Hervé Bocherens
- Department of Geosciences, Biogeology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Senckenberg Research Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Neil Bradman
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK
- The Henry Stewart Group, London, UK
| | - Brendan J Culleton
- Institutes of Energy and the Environment, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Els Cornelissen
- Department of Cultural Anthropology and History, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
| | | | - Pierre de Maret
- Faculté de Philosophie et Sciences Sociales, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Philippe Lavachery
- Agence Wallonne du Patrimoine, Service Public de Wallonie, Namur, Belgium
| | | | - Rosine Orban
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth Sawchuk
- Department of Anthropology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Patrick Semal
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mark G Thomas
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Wim Van Neer
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Krishna R Veeramah
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Douglas J Kennett
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Nick Patterson
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Garrett Hellenthal
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Scott MacEachern
- Division of Social Science, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
| | - Mary E Prendergast
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Saint Louis University, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Reich
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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9
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Bennett EA, Crevecoeur I, Viola B, Derevianko AP, Shunkov MV, Grange T, Maureille B, Geigl EM. Morphology of the Denisovan phalanx closer to modern humans than to Neanderthals. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaaw3950. [PMID: 31517046 PMCID: PMC6726440 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw3950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A fully sequenced high-quality genome has revealed in 2010 the existence of a human population in Asia, the Denisovans, related to and contemporaneous with Neanderthals. Only five skeletal remains are known from Denisovans, mostly molars; the proximal fragment of a fifth finger phalanx used to generate the genome, however, was too incomplete to yield useful morphological information. Here, we demonstrate through ancient DNA analysis that a distal fragment of a fifth finger phalanx from the Denisova Cave is the larger, missing part of this phalanx. Our morphometric analysis shows that its dimensions and shape are within the variability of Homo sapiens and distinct from the Neanderthal fifth finger phalanges. Thus, unlike Denisovan molars, which display archaic characteristics not found in modern humans, the only morphologically informative Denisovan postcranial bone identified to date is suggested here to be plesiomorphic and shared between Denisovans and modern humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Andrew Bennett
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, University Paris Diderot, 75013 Paris, France
| | | | - Bence Viola
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2S2, Canada
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk RU-630090, Russia
| | - Anatoly P. Derevianko
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk RU-630090, Russia
- Altai State University, Barnaul RU-656049, Russia
| | - Michael V. Shunkov
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk RU-630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk RU-630090, Russia
| | - Thierry Grange
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, University Paris Diderot, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Maureille
- UMR 5199 PACEA, Université de Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - Eva-Maria Geigl
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, University Paris Diderot, 75013 Paris, France
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10
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Villalba-Mouco V, van de Loosdrecht MS, Posth C, Mora R, Martínez-Moreno J, Rojo-Guerra M, Salazar-García DC, Royo-Guillén JI, Kunst M, Rougier H, Crevecoeur I, Arcusa-Magallón H, Tejedor-Rodríguez C, García-Martínez de Lagrán I, Garrido-Pena R, Alt KW, Jeong C, Schiffels S, Utrilla P, Krause J, Haak W. Survival of Late Pleistocene Hunter-Gatherer Ancestry in the Iberian Peninsula. Curr Biol 2019; 29:1169-1177.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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11
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Hajdinjak M, Fu Q, Hübner A, Petr M, Mafessoni F, Grote S, Skoglund P, Narasimham V, Rougier H, Crevecoeur I, Semal P, Soressi M, Talamo S, Hublin JJ, Gušić I, Kućan Ž, Rudan P, Golovanova LV, Doronichev VB, Posth C, Krause J, Korlević P, Nagel S, Nickel B, Slatkin M, Patterson N, Reich D, Prüfer K, Meyer M, Pääbo S, Kelso J. Reconstructing the genetic history of late Neanderthals. Nature 2018; 555:652-656. [PMID: 29562232 PMCID: PMC6485383 DOI: 10.1038/nature26151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although it is known that Neandertals contributed DNA to modern humans1,2, not much is known about the genetic diversity of Neandertals or the relationship between late Neandertal populations at the time when their last interactions with early modern humans occurred and before they eventually disappeared. Our ability to retrieve DNA from a larger number of Neandertal individuals has been limited by poor preservation of endogenous DNA3 and large amounts of microbial and present-day human DNA that contaminate Neandertal skeletal remains3–5. Here we use hypochlorite treatment6 of as little as 9 mg of bone or tooth powder to generate between 1- and 2.7-fold genomic coverage of five 39,000- to 47,000-year-old Neandertals (i.e. late Neandertals), thereby doubling the number of Neandertals for which genome sequences are available. Genetic similarity among late Neandertals is well predicted by their geographical location, and comparison to the genome of an older Neandertal from the Caucasus2,7 indicates that a population turnover is likely to have occurred, either in the Caucasus or throughout Europe, towards the end of Neandertal history. We find that the bulk of Neandertal gene flow into early modern humans originated from one or more source populations that diverged from the Neandertals studied here at least 70,000 years ago, but after they split from a previously sequenced Neandertal from Siberia2 ~150,000 years ago. Although four of these Neandertals post-date the putative arrival of early modern humans into Europe, we do not detect any recent gene flow from early modern humans in their ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Hajdinjak
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Qiaomei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, IVPP, CAS, Beijing 100044, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing 100044, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Alexander Hübner
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Petr
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Fabrizio Mafessoni
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffi Grote
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Pontus Skoglund
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Vagheesh Narasimham
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Hélène Rougier
- Department of Anthropology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California 91330-8244, USA
| | | | - Patrick Semal
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie Soressi
- Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sahra Talamo
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jean-Jacques Hublin
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivan Gušić
- Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željko Kućan
- Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Pavao Rudan
- Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Cosimo Posth
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute for Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Rümelin Strasse 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Krause
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute for Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Rümelin Strasse 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Petra Korlević
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sarah Nagel
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Birgit Nickel
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Montgomery Slatkin
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3140, USA
| | - Nick Patterson
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - David Reich
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Kay Prüfer
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Meyer
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Svante Pääbo
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Janet Kelso
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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12
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Rougier H, Crevecoeur I, Beauval C, Posth C, Flas D, Wißing C, Furtwängler A, Germonpré M, Gómez-Olivencia A, Semal P, van der Plicht J, Bocherens H, Krause J. Neandertal cannibalism and Neandertal bones used as tools in Northern Europe. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29005. [PMID: 27381450 PMCID: PMC4933918 DOI: 10.1038/srep29005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Almost 150 years after the first identification of Neandertal skeletal material, the cognitive and symbolic abilities of these populations remain a subject of intense debate. We present 99 new Neandertal remains from the Troisième caverne of Goyet (Belgium) dated to 40,500–45,500 calBP. The remains were identified through a multidisciplinary study that combines morphometrics, taphonomy, stable isotopes, radiocarbon dating and genetic analyses. The Goyet Neandertal bones show distinctive anthropogenic modifications, which provides clear evidence for butchery activities as well as four bones having been used for retouching stone tools. In addition to being the first site to have yielded multiple Neandertal bones used as retouchers, Goyet not only provides the first unambiguous evidence of Neandertal cannibalism in Northern Europe, but also highlights considerable diversity in mortuary behaviour among the region’s late Neandertal population in the period immediately preceding their disappearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Rougier
- Department of Anthropology, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St, Northridge, CA 91330-8244, USA
| | - Isabelle Crevecoeur
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5199-PACEA, A3P, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| | | | - Cosimo Posth
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstr. 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Khalaische Straße 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Damien Flas
- Laboratoire TRACES - UMR 5608, Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Maison de la Recherche, 5 Allée Antonio Machado, 31058 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Christoph Wißing
- Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstr. 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Furtwängler
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstr. 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mietje Germonpré
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 29 Vautier St, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Asier Gómez-Olivencia
- Departmento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV-EHU. Apdo. 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.,UMR 7194 CNRS, Département de Préhistoire, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Musée de l'Homme, 17 Place du Trocadéro, 75016 Paris, France.,Centro Mixto UCM-ISCIII de Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, Avda. Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrick Semal
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 29 Vautier St, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Johannes van der Plicht
- Centre for Isotope Research, Groningen University, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands.,Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, PO Box 9514, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Hervé Bocherens
- Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstr. 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.,Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Krause
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstr. 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Khalaische Straße 10, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, Germany
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13
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Crevecoeur I, Brooks A, Ribot I, Cornelissen E, Semal P. Late Stone Age human remains from Ishango (Democratic Republic of Congo): New insights on Late Pleistocene modern human diversity in Africa. J Hum Evol 2016; 96:35-57. [PMID: 27343771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although questions of modern human origins and dispersal are subject to intense research within and outside Africa, the processes of modern human diversification during the Late Pleistocene are most often discussed within the context of recent human genetic data. This situation is due largely to the dearth of human fossil remains dating to the final Pleistocene in Africa and their almost total absence from West and Central Africa, thus limiting our perception of modern human diversification within Africa before the Holocene. Here, we present a morphometric comparative analysis of the earliest Late Pleistocene modern human remains from the Central African site of Ishango in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The early Late Stone Age layer (eLSA) of this site, dated to the Last Glacial Maximum (25-20 Ky), contains more than one hundred fragmentary human remains. The exceptional associated archaeological context suggests these remains derived from a community of hunter-fisher-gatherers exhibiting complex social and cognitive behaviors including substantial reliance on aquatic resources, development of fishing technology, possible mathematical notations and repetitive use of space, likely on a seasonal basis. Comparisons with large samples of Late Pleistocene and early Holocene modern human fossils from Africa and Eurasia show that the Ishango human remains exhibit distinctive characteristics and a higher phenotypic diversity in contrast to recent African populations. In many aspects, as is true for the inner ear conformation, these eLSA human remains have more affinities with Middle to early Late Pleistocene fossils worldwide than with extant local African populations. In addition, cross-sectional geometric properties of the long bones are consistent with archaeological evidence suggesting reduced terrestrial mobility resulting from greater investment in and use of aquatic resources. Our results on the Ishango human remains provide insights into past African modern human diversity and adaptation that are consistent with genetic theories about the deep sub-structure of Late Pleistocene African populations and their complex evolutionary history of isolation and diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Crevecoeur
- UMR 5199 PACEA, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France.
| | - A Brooks
- Department of Anthropology, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - I Ribot
- Département d'Anthropologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - E Cornelissen
- Culturele Antropologie/Prehistorie en Archeologie, Koninklijk Museum voor Midden-Afrika (KMMA), Tervuren, Belgium
| | - P Semal
- Scientific Service of Heritage, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Brussels, Belgium
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14
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Fu Q, Posth C, Hajdinjak M, Petr M, Mallick S, Fernandes D, Furtwängler A, Haak W, Meyer M, Mittnik A, Nickel B, Peltzer A, Rohland N, Slon V, Talamo S, Lazaridis I, Lipson M, Mathieson I, Schiffels S, Skoglund P, Derevianko AP, Drozdov N, Slavinsky V, Tsybankov A, Cremonesi RG, Mallegni F, Gély B, Vacca E, Morales MRG, Straus LG, Neugebauer-Maresch C, Teschler-Nicola M, Constantin S, Moldovan OT, Benazzi S, Peresani M, Coppola D, Lari M, Ricci S, Ronchitelli A, Valentin F, Thevenet C, Wehrberger K, Grigorescu D, Rougier H, Crevecoeur I, Flas D, Semal P, Mannino MA, Cupillard C, Bocherens H, Conard NJ, Harvati K, Moiseyev V, Drucker DG, Svoboda J, Richards MP, Caramelli D, Pinhasi R, Kelso J, Patterson N, Krause J, Pääbo S, Reich D. The genetic history of Ice Age Europe. Nature 2016; 534:200-5. [PMID: 27135931 PMCID: PMC4943878 DOI: 10.1038/nature17993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 422] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Modern humans arrived in Europe ~45,000 years ago, but little is known about their genetic composition before the start of farming ~8,500 years ago. Here we analyse genome-wide data from 51 Eurasians from ~45,000-7,000 years ago. Over this time, the proportion of Neanderthal DNA decreased from 3-6% to around 2%, consistent with natural selection against Neanderthal variants in modern humans. Whereas there is no evidence of the earliest modern humans in Europe contributing to the genetic composition of present-day Europeans, all individuals between ~37,000 and ~14,000 years ago descended from a single founder population which forms part of the ancestry of present-day Europeans. An ~35,000-year-old individual from northwest Europe represents an early branch of this founder population which was then displaced across a broad region, before reappearing in southwest Europe at the height of the last Ice Age ~19,000 years ago. During the major warming period after ~14,000 years ago, a genetic component related to present-day Near Easterners became widespread in Europe. These results document how population turnover and migration have been recurring themes of European prehistory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaomei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, IVPP, CAS, Beijing 100044, China.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Cosimo Posth
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Mateja Hajdinjak
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Petr
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Swapan Mallick
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Daniel Fernandes
- School of Archaeology and Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.,CIAS, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anja Furtwängler
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Haak
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA-5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Matthias Meyer
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alissa Mittnik
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Birgit Nickel
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Peltzer
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nadin Rohland
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Viviane Slon
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sahra Talamo
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Iosif Lazaridis
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Mark Lipson
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Iain Mathieson
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Stephan Schiffels
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Pontus Skoglund
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Anatoly P Derevianko
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, 17 Novosibirsk, RU-630090, Russia.,Altai State University, Barnaul, RU-656049, Russia
| | - Nikolai Drozdov
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, 17 Novosibirsk, RU-630090, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav Slavinsky
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, 17 Novosibirsk, RU-630090, Russia
| | - Alexander Tsybankov
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, 17 Novosibirsk, RU-630090, Russia
| | | | | | - Bernard Gély
- Direction régionale des affaires culturelles Rhône-Alpes, 69283 Lyon, Cedex 01, France
| | - Eligio Vacca
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Manuel R González Morales
- Instituto Internacional de Investigaciones Prehistóricas, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Lawrence G Straus
- Instituto Internacional de Investigaciones Prehistóricas, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain.,Department of Anthropology, MSC01 1040, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-0001, USA
| | - Christine Neugebauer-Maresch
- Quaternary Archaeology, Institute for Oriental and European Archaeology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Teschler-Nicola
- Department of Anthropology, Natural History Museum Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria.,Department of Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Silviu Constantin
- "Emil Racoviţă" Institute of Speleology, 010986 Bucharest 12, Romania
| | | | - Stefano Benazzi
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Marco Peresani
- Sezione di Scienze Preistoriche e Antropologiche, Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici, Università di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Donato Coppola
- Università degli Studi di Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70125 Bari, Italy.,Museo di "Civiltà preclassiche della Murgia meridionale", 72017 Ostuni, Italy
| | - Martina Lari
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Firenze, 50122 Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Ricci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, U.R. Preistoria e Antropologia, Università degli Studi di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Annamaria Ronchitelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, U.R. Preistoria e Antropologia, Università degli Studi di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Dan Grigorescu
- University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geology and Geophysics, Department of Geology, 01041 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Hélène Rougier
- Department of Anthropology, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California 91330-8244, USA
| | | | - Damien Flas
- TRACES - UMR 5608, Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Maison de la Recherche, 31058 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Patrick Semal
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marcello A Mannino
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Archaeology, School of Culture and Society, Aarhus University, 8270 Højbjerg, Denmark
| | - Christophe Cupillard
- Service Régional d'Archéologie de Franche-Comté, 25043 Besançon Cedex, France.,Laboratoire Chronoenvironnement, UMR 6249 du CNRS, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Hervé Bocherens
- Department of Geosciences, Biogeology, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.,Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicholas J Conard
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, University of Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katerina Harvati
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Paleoanthropology, University of Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Dorothée G Drucker
- Department of Geosciences, Biogeology, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jiří Svoboda
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Archaeology at Brno, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, 69129 Dolní Vĕstonice, Czech Republic
| | - Michael P Richards
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - David Caramelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Firenze, 50122 Florence, Italy
| | - Ron Pinhasi
- School of Archaeology and Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Janet Kelso
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nick Patterson
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Johannes Krause
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Svante Pääbo
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - David Reich
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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15
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Posth C, Renaud G, Mittnik A, Drucker DG, Rougier H, Cupillard C, Valentin F, Thevenet C, Furtwängler A, Wißing C, Francken M, Malina M, Bolus M, Lari M, Gigli E, Capecchi G, Crevecoeur I, Beauval C, Flas D, Germonpré M, van der Plicht J, Cottiaux R, Gély B, Ronchitelli A, Wehrberger K, Grigorescu D, Svoboda J, Semal P, Caramelli D, Bocherens H, Harvati K, Conard NJ, Haak W, Powell A, Krause J. Pleistocene Mitochondrial Genomes Suggest a Single Major Dispersal of Non-Africans and a Late Glacial Population Turnover in Europe. Curr Biol 2016; 26:827-33. [PMID: 26853362 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
How modern humans dispersed into Eurasia and Australasia, including the number of separate expansions and their timings, is highly debated [1, 2]. Two categories of models are proposed for the dispersal of non-Africans: (1) single dispersal, i.e., a single major diffusion of modern humans across Eurasia and Australasia [3-5]; and (2) multiple dispersal, i.e., additional earlier population expansions that may have contributed to the genetic diversity of some present-day humans outside of Africa [6-9]. Many variants of these models focus largely on Asia and Australasia, neglecting human dispersal into Europe, thus explaining only a subset of the entire colonization process outside of Africa [3-5, 8, 9]. The genetic diversity of the first modern humans who spread into Europe during the Late Pleistocene and the impact of subsequent climatic events on their demography are largely unknown. Here we analyze 55 complete human mitochondrial genomes (mtDNAs) of hunter-gatherers spanning ∼35,000 years of European prehistory. We unexpectedly find mtDNA lineage M in individuals prior to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). This lineage is absent in contemporary Europeans, although it is found at high frequency in modern Asians, Australasians, and Native Americans. Dating the most recent common ancestor of each of the modern non-African mtDNA clades reveals their single, late, and rapid dispersal less than 55,000 years ago. Demographic modeling not only indicates an LGM genetic bottleneck, but also provides surprising evidence of a major population turnover in Europe around 14,500 years ago during the Late Glacial, a period of climatic instability at the end of the Pleistocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Posth
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Gabriel Renaud
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alissa Mittnik
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany; Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Dorothée G Drucker
- Department of Geosciences, Biogeology, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstraße 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hélène Rougier
- Department of Anthropology, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330-8244, USA
| | - Christophe Cupillard
- Service Régional d'Archéologie de Franche-Comté, 7 Rue Charles Nodier, 25043 Besançon Cedex, France; Laboratoire de Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249 du CNRS, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, 16 Route de Gray, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | | | - Corinne Thevenet
- INRAP/UMR 8215 Trajectoires, 21 Allée de l'Université, 92023 Nanterre, France
| | - Anja Furtwängler
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wißing
- Department of Geosciences, Biogeology, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstraße 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Francken
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Paleoanthropology, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maria Malina
- Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Research Center "The Role of Culture in Early Expansions of Humans" at the University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Bolus
- Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Research Center "The Role of Culture in Early Expansions of Humans" at the University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martina Lari
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Firenze, Via del Proconsolo 12, 50122 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Gigli
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Firenze, Via del Proconsolo 12, 50122 Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Capecchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, U.R. Preistoria e Antropologia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Laterina 8, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Isabelle Crevecoeur
- CNRS, UMR 5199, PACEA, A3P, Université de Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| | | | - Damien Flas
- TRACES, UMR 5608, Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Maison de la Recherche, 5 Allée Antonio Machado, 31058 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Mietje Germonpré
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 29 Vautier Street, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Johannes van der Plicht
- Centre for Isotope Research, Groningen University, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands; Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, PO Box 9514, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Richard Cottiaux
- INRAP/UMR 8215 Trajectoires, 21 Allée de l'Université, 92023 Nanterre, France
| | - Bernard Gély
- Direction Régionale des Affaires Culturelles Rhône-Alpes, Le Grenier d'Abondance 6, Quai Saint-Vincent, 69283 Lyon Cedex 01, France
| | - Annamaria Ronchitelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, U.R. Preistoria e Antropologia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Laterina 8, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | - Dan Grigorescu
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Geology and Geophysics, University of Bucharest, Bulevardul Nicolae Balcescu 1, 01041 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jiří Svoboda
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Archaeology at Brno, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, 69129 Dolní Věstonice, Czech Republic
| | - Patrick Semal
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 29 Vautier Street, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Caramelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Firenze, Via del Proconsolo 12, 50122 Florence, Italy
| | - Hervé Bocherens
- Department of Geosciences, Biogeology, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstraße 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katerina Harvati
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Paleoanthropology, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany; Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicholas J Conard
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, Germany; Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, University of Tübingen, Schloss Hohentübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Haak
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, 07745 Jena, Germany; Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Adam Powell
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Johannes Krause
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany; Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, 07745 Jena, Germany; Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, Germany.
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16
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Posth C, Renaud G, Mittnik A, Drucker DG, Rougier H, Cupillard C, Valentin F, Thevenet C, Furtwängler A, Wißing C, Francken M, Malina M, Bolus M, Lari M, Gigli E, Capecchi G, Crevecoeur I, Beauval C, Flas D, Germonpré M, van der Plicht J, Cottiaux R, Gély B, Ronchitelli A, Wehrberger K, Grigorescu D, Svoboda J, Semal P, Caramelli D, Bocherens H, Harvati K, Conard NJ, Haak W, Powell A, Krause J. Pleistocene Mitochondrial Genomes Suggest a Single Major Dispersal of Non-Africans and a Late Glacial Population Turnover in Europe. Curr Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Gómez-Olivencia A, Crevecoeur I, Balzeau A. La Ferrassie 8 Neandertal child reloaded: New remains and re-assessment of the original collection. J Hum Evol 2015; 82:107-26. [PMID: 25805043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The first evidence of the partial infant Neandertal skeleton La Ferrassie 8 (LF8) was discovered in 1970, although most of the remains were found in 1973 as part of the 1968-1973 work at the site by H. Delporte. This individual and the other Neandertal children from La Ferrassie were published in the early 1980s by J.-L. Heim, and since then LF8 has been regarded as coming from a poorly documented excavation. The recent rediscovery of the box that contained the hominin bones given by Delporte to Heim in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN) collection provided new fossils and helped to locate LF8 in the site: level M2 in square 1. Two visits to the Musée d'Archéologie nationale et Domaine national de Saint-Germain-en-Laye (MAN) yielded additional fossil remains from both the 1970 and 1973 excavations and resulted in the discovery of all of the notes from the excavation of H. Delporte between 1968 and 1973. Here the new fossil remains (47 after performing all possible refits), representing significant portions of the cranium, mandible, and vertebral column together with fragmentary hand and costal remains, are described. Unsurprisingly, the morphology of the bony labyrinth and of a complete stapes from the nearly complete left temporal show clear Neandertal affinities. Additionally, a complete reassessment of the original LF8 collection has resulted in the identification of several errors in the anatomical determination. Despite the significant increase in the anatomical representation of LF8, the skeletal remains are still limited to the head, thorax, pelvis, and four hand phalanges, with some very fragile elements relatively well preserved. Different hypotheses are proposed to explain this anatomical representation, which can be tested during future fieldwork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Gómez-Olivencia
- Équipe de Paléontologie Humaine, UMR 7194, CNRS, Département de Préhistoire, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Musée de l'Homme, 17, Place du Trocadéro, 75016 Paris, France; Centro UCM-ISCIII de Investigación sobre Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, Avda. Monforte de Lemos 5 (Pabellón 14), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Dept. Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV-EHU, Leioa, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Isabelle Crevecoeur
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5199, de la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (UMR 5199 - PACEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Antoine Balzeau
- Équipe de Paléontologie Humaine, UMR 7194, CNRS, Département de Préhistoire, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Musée de l'Homme, 17, Place du Trocadéro, 75016 Paris, France; Department of African Zoology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
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18
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Faivre JP, Maureille B, Bayle P, Crevecoeur I, Duval M, Grün R, Bemilli C, Bonilauri S, Coutard S, Bessou M, Limondin-Lozouet N, Cottard A, Deshayes T, Douillard A, Henaff X, Pautret-Homerville C, Kinsley L, Trinkaus E. Middle pleistocene human remains from Tourville-la-Rivière (Normandy, France) and their archaeological context. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104111. [PMID: 25295956 PMCID: PMC4189787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous sites of great antiquity having been excavated since the end of the 19th century, Middle Pleistocene human fossils are still extremely rare in northwestern Europe. Apart from the two partial crania from Biache-Saint-Vaast in northern France, all known human fossils from this period have been found from ten sites in either Germany or England. Here we report the discovery of three long bones from the same left upper limb discovered at the open-air site of Tourville-la-Rivière in the Seine Valley of northern France. New U-series and combined US-ESR dating on animal teeth produced an age range for the site of 183 to 236 ka. In combination with paleoecological indicators, they indicate an age toward the end of MIS 7. The human remains from Tourville-la-Rivière are attributable to the Neandertal lineage based on morphological and metric analyses. An abnormal crest on the left humerus represents a deltoid muscle enthesis. Micro- and or macro-traumas connected to repetitive movements similar to those documented for professional throwing athletes could be origin of abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Faivre
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5199, de la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (UMR 5199 - PACEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Bruno Maureille
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5199, de la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (UMR 5199 - PACEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Priscilla Bayle
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5199, de la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (UMR 5199 - PACEA), Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Isabelle Crevecoeur
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5199, de la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (UMR 5199 - PACEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Mathieu Duval
- Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Burgos, Spain
| | - Rainer Grün
- Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Céline Bemilli
- Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (INRAP) Grand Ouest, Centre archéologique de Grand Quevilly, Grand-Quevilly, France, and Unité Mixte de Recherche 7209 Archéozoologie, Archéobotanique, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Bonilauri
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 7041, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (UMR 7071 - ARSCAN), équipe Anthropologie des techniques, des espaces et des territoires au Pléistocène (ANTET), Maison René Ginouvès, Nanterre, France
| | - Sylvie Coutard
- Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (INRAP) Nord-Picardie, Centre archéologique d'Amiens, Amiens, France, and UMR 8591 Laboratoire de Géographie Physique: Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels, Meudon, France
| | - Maryelle Bessou
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5199, de la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (UMR 5199 - PACEA), Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Nicole Limondin-Lozouet
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 8591, Laboratoire de Géographie Physique: Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Meudon, France
| | - Antoine Cottard
- Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (INRAP) Grand Ouest, Centre archéologique de Grand Quevilly, Grand-Quevilly, France
| | - Thierry Deshayes
- Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (INRAP) Grand Ouest, Centre archéologique de Grand Quevilly, Grand-Quevilly, France
| | - Aurélie Douillard
- Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (INRAP) Grand Ouest, Centre archéologique de Grand Quevilly, Grand-Quevilly, France
| | - Xavier Henaff
- Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (INRAP) Grand-Ouest, Centre archéologique de Carquefou, Carquefou, France
| | - Caroline Pautret-Homerville
- Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (INRAP) Grand Ouest, Centre archéologique de Grand Quevilly, Grand-Quevilly, France
| | - Les Kinsley
- Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Erik Trinkaus
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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Abstract
One of the morphological features that has been identified as uniquely derived for the western Eurasian Neandertals concerns the relative sizes and positions of their semicircular canals. In particular, they exhibit a relatively small anterior canal, a relatively larger lateral one, and a more inferior position of the posterior one relative to the lateral one. These discussions have not included full paleontological data on eastern Eurasian Pleistocene human temporal labyrinths, which have the potential to provide a broader context for assessing Pleistocene Homo trait polarities. We present the temporal labyrinths of four eastern Eurasian Pleistocene Homo, one each of Early (Lantian 1), Middle (Hexian 1), and Late (Xujiayao 15) Pleistocene archaic humans and one early modern human (Liujiang 1). The labyrinths of the two earlier specimens and the most recent one conform to the proportions seen among western early and recent modern humans, reinforcing the modern human pattern as generally ancestral for the genus Homo. The labyrinth of Xujiayao 15 is in the middle of the Neandertal variation and separate from the other samples. This eastern Eurasian labyrinthine dichotomy occurs in the context of none of the distinctive Neandertal external temporal or other cranial features. As such, it raises questions regarding possible cranial and postcranial morphological correlates of Homo labyrinthine variation, the use of individual "Neandertal" features for documenting population affinities, and the nature of late archaic human variation across Eurasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Jie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Isabelle Crevecoeur
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5199 De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie, Laboratoire d'Anthropologie des Populations Passées et Présentes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux 1, 33405 Talence, France; and
| | - Wu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Song Xing
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Erik Trinkaus
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130
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Crevecoeur I, Skinner MM, Bailey SE, Gunz P, Bortoluzzi S, Brooks AS, Burlet C, Cornelissen E, De Clerck N, Maureille B, Semal P, Vanbrabant Y, Wood B. First early hominin from central Africa (Ishango, Democratic Republic of Congo). PLoS One 2014; 9:e84652. [PMID: 24427292 PMCID: PMC3888414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite uncontested evidence for fossils belonging to the early hominin genus Australopithecus in East Africa from at least 4.2 million years ago (Ma), and from Chad by 3.5 Ma, thus far there has been no convincing evidence of Australopithecus, Paranthropus or early Homo from the western (Albertine) branch of the Rift Valley. Here we report the discovery of an isolated upper molar (#Ish25) from the Western Rift Valley site of Ishango in Central Africa in a derived context, overlying beds dated to between ca. 2.6 to 2.0 Ma. We used µCT imaging to compare its external and internal macro-morphology to upper molars of australopiths, and fossil and recent Homo. We show that the size and shape of the enamel-dentine junction (EDJ) surface discriminate between Plio-Pleistocene and post-Lower Pleistocene hominins, and that the Ishango molar clusters with australopiths and early Homo from East and southern Africa. A reassessment of the archaeological context of the specimen is consistent with the morphological evidence and suggest that early hominins were occupying this region by at least 2 Ma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Crevecoeur
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5199, de la Préhistoire à l’Actuel: Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (UMR 5199 - PACEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Matthew M. Skinner
- Department of Anthropology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Human Evolution, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Shara E. Bailey
- Center for the Study of Human Origins, Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Human Evolution, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Philipp Gunz
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Human Evolution, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Silvia Bortoluzzi
- Laboratori di Antropologia, Dipartimento di Biologia Evoluzionistica “Leo Pardi”, Università di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Alison S. Brooks
- Center for the Advanced Study of Hominid Paleobiology, Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Christian Burlet
- Geological Survey of Belgium, Royal Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Els Cornelissen
- Section of Prehistory and Archaeology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Nora De Clerck
- Microtomography CT Research Group, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Bruno Maureille
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5199, de la Préhistoire à l’Actuel: Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (UMR 5199 - PACEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Patrick Semal
- Anthropology and Prehistory, Royal Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yves Vanbrabant
- Geological Survey of Belgium, Royal Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Wood
- Center for the Advanced Study of Hominid Paleobiology, Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington DC, United States of America
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Crevecoeur I, Bayle P, Rougier H, Maureille B, Higham T, van der Plicht J, De Clerck N, Semal P. The Spy VI child: A newly discovered Neandertal infant. J Hum Evol 2010; 59:641-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2010.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Crevecoeur I, Rougier H, Grine F, Froment A. Modern human cranial diversity in the Late Pleistocene of Africa and Eurasia: evidence from Nazlet Khater, Peştera cu Oase, and Hofmeyr. Am J Phys Anthropol 2009; 140:347-58. [PMID: 19425102 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The origin and evolutionary history of modern humans is of considerable interest to paleoanthropologists and geneticists alike. Paleontological evidence suggests that recent humans originated and expanded from an African lineage that may have undergone demographic crises in the Late Pleistocene according to archaeological and genetic data. This would suggest that extant human populations derive from, and perhaps sample a restricted part of the genetic and morphological variation that was present in the Late Pleistocene. Crania that date to Marine Isotope Stage 3 should yield information pertaining to the level of Late Pleistocene human phenotypic diversity and its evolution in modern humans. The Nazlet Khater (NK) and Hofmeyr (HOF) crania from Egypt and South Africa, together with penecontemporaneous specimens from the Peştera cu Oase in Romania, permit preliminary assessment of variation among modern humans from geographically disparate regions at this time. Morphometric and morphological comparisons with other Late Pleistocene modern human specimens, and with 23 recent human population samples, reveal that elevated levels of variation are present throughout the Late Pleistocene. Comparison of Holocene and Late Pleistocene craniometric variation through resampling analyses supports hypotheses derived from genetic data suggesting that present phenotypic variation may represent only a restricted part of Late Pleistocene human diversity. The Nazlet Khater, Hofmeyr, and Oase specimens provide a unique glimpse of that diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Crevecoeur
- Laboratoire d'Anthropologie et de Préhistoire, Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgique.
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23
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Semal P, Rougier H, Crevecoeur I, Jungels C, Flas D, Hauzeur A, Maureille B, Germonpré M, Bocherens H, Pirson S, Cammaert L, De Clerck N, Hambucken A, Higham T, Toussaint M, van der Plicht J. New data on the late Neandertals: Direct dating of the Belgian Spy fossils. Am J Phys Anthropol 2009; 138:421-8. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.20954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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Crevecoeur I. New discovery of an Upper Paleolithic auditory ossicle: The right malleus of Nazlet Khater 2. J Hum Evol 2007; 52:341-5. [PMID: 17239938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2006.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2006] [Revised: 11/13/2006] [Accepted: 11/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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