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Olali AZ, Wallace J, Gonzalez H, Carpenter KA, Patel N, Winchester LC, Podany AT, Venkatesh I, Narasipura SD, Al-Harthi L, Ross RD. The anti-HIV drug abacavir stimulates β-catenin activity in osteoblast lineage cells. JBMR Plus 2024; 8:ziae037. [PMID: 38590756 PMCID: PMC11001392 DOI: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziae037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone mineral density (BMD) loss in people living with HIV occurs with the initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), particularly with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) containing cART. Switching from TDF to abacavir (ABC) or dolutegravir (DTG) leads to increased BMD. Whether BMD gains are due to cessation of TDF or anabolic effects of ABC or DTG is unclear. We investigated the effects of ABC and DTG on osteoblast lineage cells in vitro and in vivo. Primary human osteoblasts and male C57BL/6 mice were treated with individual antiretrovirals (ARVs) or a combination of ABC/DTG/lamivudine (3TC). Nearly all ARVs and cART inhibited osteogenic activity in vitro. Due to the importance of Wnt/β-catenin in bone formation, we further investigated ARV effects on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. ABC, alone and as part of ABC/DTG/3TC, increased osteoblastic β-catenin activity as indicated by increased TOPFlash activity, hypo-phosphorylated (active) β-catenin staining, and β-catenin targeted gene expression. Mice treated with TDF had decreased lumbar spine BMD and trabecular connectivity density in the vertebrae, while those treated with ABC/DTG/3TC reduced cortical area and thickness in the femur. Mice treated with ABC alone had no bone structural changes, increased circulating levels of the bone formation marker, P1NP, and elevated expression of the Wnt/β-catenin target gene, Lef1, in osteocyte enriched samples. Further, bones from ARV-treated mice were isolated to evaluate ARV distribution. All ARVs were detected in the bone tissue, which was inclusive of bone marrow, but when bone marrow was removed, only TDF, ABC, and DTG were detected at ~0.1% of the circulating levels. Overall, our findings demonstrate that ABC activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling, but whether this leads to increased bone formation requires further study. Assessing the impact of ARVs on bone is critical to informing ARV selection and/or discovery of regimens that do not negatively impact the skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Z Olali
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Jennillee Wallace
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Hemil Gonzalez
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Kelsey A Carpenter
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Niyati Patel
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Lee C Winchester
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Anthony T Podany
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Ishwarya Venkatesh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Srinivas D Narasipura
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Lena Al-Harthi
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Ryan D Ross
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
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2
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Li X, Venkatesh I, Villanueva V, Wei H, Geraghty T, Rajagopalan A, Helmuth RW, Altintas MM, Faridi HM, Gupta V. Podocyte-specific deletion of miR-146a increases podocyte injury and diabetic kidney disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:897188. [PMID: 36059820 PMCID: PMC9433550 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.897188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic glomerular injury is a major complication of diabetes mellitus and is the leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Healthy podocytes are essential for glomerular function and health. Injury or loss of these cells results in increased proteinuria and kidney dysfunction and is a common finding in various glomerulopathies. Thus, mechanistic understanding of pathways that protect podocytes from damage are essential for development of future therapeutics. MicroRNA-146a (miR-146a) is a negative regulator of inflammation and is highly expressed in myeloid cells and podocytes. We previously reported that miR-146a levels are significantly reduced in the glomeruli of patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Here we report generation of mice with selective deletion of miR-146a in podocytes and use of these mice in models of glomerular injury. Induction of glomerular injury in C57BL/6 wildtype mice (WT) and podocyte-specific miR-146a knockout (Pod-miR146a-/-) animals via administration of low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or nephrotoxic serum (NTS) resulted in increased proteinuria in the knockout mice, suggesting that podocyte-expressed miR-146a protects these cells, and thus glomeruli, from damage. Furthermore, induction of hyperglycemia using streptozotocin (STZ) also resulted in an accelerated development of glomerulopathy and a rapid increase in proteinuria in the knockout animals, as compared to the WT animals, further confirming the protective role of podocyte-expressed miR-146a. We also confirmed that the direct miR-146a target, ErbB4, was significantly upregulated in the diseased glomeruli and erlotinib, an ErbB4 and EGFR inhibitor, reducedits upregulation and the proteinuria in treated animals. Primary miR146-/- podocytes from these animals also showed a basally upregulated TGFβ-Smad3 signaling in vitro. Taken together, this study shows that podocyte-specific miR-146a is imperative for protecting podocytes from glomerular damage, via modulation of ErbB4/EGFR, TGFβ, and linked downstream signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ishwarya Venkatesh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Veronica Villanueva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Huiting Wei
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Terese Geraghty
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Anugraha Rajagopalan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Richard W. Helmuth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mehmet M. Altintas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hafeez M. Faridi
- College of Pharmacy, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Vineet Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Cellar Therapies, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
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Rajagopalan A, Venkatesh I, Aslam R, Kirchenbuechler D, Khanna S, Cimbaluk D, Kordower JH, Gupta V. SeqStain is an efficient method for multiplexed, spatialomic profiling of human and murine tissues. Cell Rep Methods 2021; 1:100006. [PMID: 34766102 PMCID: PMC8579778 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2021.100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Spatial organization of molecules and cells in complex tissue microenvironments provides essential organizational cues in health and disease. A significant need exists for improved visualization of these spatial relationships. Here, we describe a multiplex immunofluorescence imaging method, termed SeqStain, that uses fluorescent-DNA-labeled antibodies for immunofluorescent staining and nuclease treatment for de-staining that allows selective enzymatic removal of the fluorescent signal. SeqStain can be used with primary antibodies, secondary antibodies, and antibody fragments to efficiently analyze complex cells and tissues. Additionally, incorporation of specific endonuclease restriction sites in antibody labels allows for selective removal of fluorescent signals while retaining other signals that can serve as marks for subsequent analyses. The application of SeqStain on human kidney tissue provided a spatialomic profile of the organization of >25 markers in the kidney, highlighting it as a versatile, easy-to-use, and gentle new technique for spatialomic analyses of complex microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anugraha Rajagopalan
- Drug Discovery Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ishwarya Venkatesh
- Drug Discovery Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Rabail Aslam
- Drug Discovery Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - David Kirchenbuechler
- Center for Advanced Microscopy, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Shreyaa Khanna
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - David Cimbaluk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jeffrey H. Kordower
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Vineet Gupta
- Drug Discovery Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Cell Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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4
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Geraghty T, Rajagopalan A, Aslam R, Pohlman A, Venkatesh I, Zloza A, Cimbaluk D, DeNardo DG, Gupta V. Positive Allosteric Modulation of CD11b as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy Against Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:748. [PMID: 32528880 PMCID: PMC7253726 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the United States. A major hurdle for improved therapies is immune suppression mediated by the tumor and its microenvironment. The lung tumor microenvironment (TME) contains large numbers of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which suppress the adaptive immune response, increase neo-vascularization of the tumor, and provide pro-tumor factors to promote tumor growth. CD11b is highly expressed on myeloid cells, including TAMs, where it forms a heterodimeric integrin receptor with CD18 (known as CD11b/CD18, Mac-1, CR3, and αMβ2), and plays an important role in recruitment and biological functions of these cells, and is a validated therapeutic target. Here, we describe our pre-clinical studies targeting CD11b in the context of lung cancer, using pharmacologic and genetic approaches that work via positive allosteric modulation of CD11b function. GB1275 is a novel small molecule modulator of CD11b that is currently in Phase 1/2 clinical development. We assess GB1275 treatment effects on tumor growth and immune infiltrates in the murine Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) syngeneic tumor model. Additionally, as an orthogonal approach to determine mechanisms of action, we utilize our recently developed novel CD11b knock-in (KI) mouse that constitutively expresses CD11b containing an activating isoleucine to glycine substitution at residue 332 in the ligand binding CD11b A-domain (I332G) that acts as a positive allosteric modulator of CD11b activity. We report that pharmacologic modulation of CD11b with GB1275 significantly reduces LLC tumor growth. CD11b KI mice similarly show significant reduction in both the size and rate of LLC tumor growth, as compared to WT mice, mimicking our observed treatment effects with GB1275. Tumor profiling revealed a significant reduction in TAM infiltration in GB1275-treated and in CD11b KI mice, increase in the ratio of M1/M2-like TAMs, and concomitant increase in cytotoxic T cells. The profiling also showed a significant decrease in CCL2 levels and a concomitant reduction in Ly6Chi monocytes in circulation in both groups. These findings suggest that positive allosteric modulation of CD11b reduces TAM density and reprograms them to enhance the adaptive immune response and is a novel therapeutic strategy against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terese Geraghty
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Anugraha Rajagopalan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Rabail Aslam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alexander Pohlman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ishwarya Venkatesh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Andrew Zloza
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Cell Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David Cimbaluk
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David G DeNardo
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Vineet Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Discovery Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.,Division of Hematology, Oncology and Cell Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
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5
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Nalamolu KR, Venkatesh I, Mohandass A, Klopfenstein JD, Pinson DM, Wang DZ, Veeravalli KK. Exosomes Treatment Mitigates Ischemic Brain Damage but Does Not Improve Post-Stroke Neurological Outcome. Cell Physiol Biochem 2019; 52:1280-1291. [PMID: 31026391 PMCID: PMC6996798 DOI: 10.33594/000000090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: Recent studies demonstrated that the treatment with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from the human umbilical cord blood improved survival, reduced brain damage, prevented apoptosis, suppressed inflammatory responses, downregulated the DNA damage-inducing genes, upregulated the DNA repair genes, and facilitated neurological recovery in stroke-induced animals. Emerging stroke literature supports the concept that the exosomes released from MSCs are the primary biological principles underlying the post-stroke neuroprotection offered by MSCs treatment. Methods: Because the treatment with exosomes has a great potential to overcome the limitations associated with cell-based therapies, we tested the efficacy of exosomes secreted from HUCB-MSCs under standard culture conditions on post-stroke brain damage and neurological outcome in a rat model of ischemic stroke by performing TTC staining as well as the modified neurological severity scores, modified adhesive removal, beam-walking, and accelerating Rotarod performance tests before ischemia and at regular intervals until seven days reperfusion. Results: Exosomes treatment attenuated the infarct size. Treatment with exosomes did not affect the post-stroke survival rate and body weight changes, but exacerbated the somatosensory and motor dysfunction and adversely affected the natural recovery that occurs without any treatment. Conclusion: Treatment with exosomes secreted from HUCB-MSCs under standard culture conditions attenuates the ischemic brain damage but does not improve the post-stroke neurological outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koteswara Rao Nalamolu
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, USA
| | - Ishwarya Venkatesh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Adithya Mohandass
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Klopfenstein
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, USA.,Comprehensive Stroke Center, OSF Illinois Neurological Institute, Peoria, USA
| | - David M Pinson
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, USA
| | - David Z Wang
- Comprehensive Stroke Center, OSF Illinois Neurological Institute, Peoria, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, USA
| | - Krishna Kumar Veeravalli
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, USA.,Department of Health Sciences Education, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, USA,
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6
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Veeravalli KK, Nalamolu KR, Mohandass A, Venkatesh I, Klopfenstein JD, Pinson DM, Wang DZ. Abstract WP133: Prevention of the Post-stroke Induction of Endogenous tPA Mitigates Brain Damage and Facilitates Neurological Recovery. Stroke 2019. [DOI: 10.1161/str.50.suppl_1.wp133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Multiple pieces of evidence suggest that the elevated endogenous tPA (endo-tPA) levels in the brain after ischemic stroke are neurotoxic and contribute to the ongoing brain damage. The neurotoxicity of endo-tPA could be due to activation of apoptotic cell signaling processes, extracellular matrix degradation, or increase in permeability of the neurovascular unit. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of specific endo-tPA suppression on post-stroke brain injury and neurological recovery.
Methods:
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a suture model middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) procedure followed by reperfusion. To achieve the specific knockdown of endo-tPA, plasmids expressing shRNAs specific to rat tPA (tPAsh) formulated as nanoparticles were administered immediately after reperfusion to rats intravenously via tail vein at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight. Untreated, and vehicle/tPAsh-treated stroke-induced rats along with sham-operated rats were sacrificed at various post-reperfusion time points. We performed various techniques such as TTC staining, real-time PCR, and immunoblot analysis to determine both the efficiency of tPAsh plasmids and efficacy of tPAsh treatment on post-stroke brain injury. To assess the effect of tPAsh treatment on post-stroke neurological recovery, we performed modified neurological severity scores, modified adhesive removal, and beam walking tests at regular intervals until 14 days reperfusion.
Results:
Endo-tPA protein expression in the ischemic brain of rats was increased until 5 days reperfusion. Treatment with tPAsh formulation reduced the protein expression of tPA in the ischemic brain of rats and thereby demonstrated the
in vivo
efficiency of plasmids expressing tPA shRNAs. The MCAO procedure-induced mortality is comparable across the cohorts. Specific knockdown of endo-tPA reduced the infarct volume and facilitated the post-stroke neurological recovery.
Conclusions:
Preventing the induction of post-stroke endo-tPA levels in rat brain attenuates ischemic brain damage and improves post-stroke neurological recovery.
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Nalamolu KR, Chelluboina B, Magruder IB, Mohandas A, Venkatesh I, Klopfenstein JD, Pinson DM, Wang DZ, Veeravalli KK. MMP‐12 knockout mouse: Is it a relevant animal model to study the role of MMP‐12 in post‐stroke brain damage? FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.545.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koteswara Rao Nalamolu
- Cancer Biology and PharmacologyUniversity of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoriaIL
| | - Bharath Chelluboina
- Cancer Biology and PharmacologyUniversity of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoriaIL
| | - Ian B. Magruder
- Cancer Biology and PharmacologyUniversity of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoriaIL
| | - Adithya Mohandas
- Cancer Biology and PharmacologyUniversity of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoriaIL
| | - Ishwarya Venkatesh
- Cancer Biology and PharmacologyUniversity of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoriaIL
| | | | - David M. Pinson
- PathologyUniversity of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoriaIL
| | - David Z. Wang
- NeurologyUniversity of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoriaIL
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8
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Nalamolu KR, Chelluboina B, Magruder IB, Fru DN, Mohandass A, Venkatesh I, Klopfenstein JD, Pinson DM, Boini KM, Veeravalli KK. Post-stroke mRNA expression profile of MMPs: effect of genetic deletion of MMP-12. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2018; 3:153-159. [PMID: 30294471 PMCID: PMC6169614 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2018-000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Recent reports from our laboratory demonstrated the post-ischaemic expression profile of various matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in rats and the detrimental role of MMP-12 in post-stroke brain damage. We hypothesise that the post-stroke dysregulation of MMPs is similar across species and that genetic deletion of MMP-12 would not affect the post-stroke expression of other MMPs. We tested our hypothesis by determining the pre-ischaemic and post-ischaemic expression profile of MMPs in wild-type and MMP-12 knockout mice. Methods Focal cerebral ischaemia was induced in wild-type and MMP-12 knockout mice by middle cerebral artery occlusion procedure by insertion of a monofilament suture. One hour after ischaemia, reperfusion was initiated by removing the monofilament. One day after reperfusion, ischaemic brain tissues from various groups of mice were collected, and total RNA was isolated and subjected to cDNA synthesis followed by PCR analysis. Results Although the post-stroke expression profile of MMPs in the ischaemic brain of mice is different from rats, there is a clear species similarity in the expression of MMP-12, which was found to be predominantly upregulated in both species. Further, the post-stroke induction or inhibition of various MMPs in MMP-12 knockout mice is different from their respective expression profile in wild-type mice. Moreover, the brain mRNA expression profile of various MMPs in MMP-12 knockout mice under normal conditions is also different to their expression in wild-type mice. Conclusions In the ischaemic brain, MMP-12 upregulates several fold higher than any other MMP. Mice derived with the genetic deletion of MMP-12 are constitutive and have altered MMP expression profile both under normal and ischaemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koteswara Rao Nalamolu
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA
| | - Bharath Chelluboina
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA
| | - Ian B Magruder
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA
| | - Diane N Fru
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA
| | - Adithya Mohandass
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA
| | - Ishwarya Venkatesh
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Klopfenstein
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA.,Comprehensive Stroke Center, Illinois Neurological Institute, OSF HealthCare System, Saint Francis Medical Center, Peoria, Illinois, USA
| | - David M Pinson
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA
| | - Krishna M Boini
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Krishna Kumar Veeravalli
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA
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9
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Venkatesh I, Rukmangatharajan S, Tamilselvam TN, Ravichandran R, Priya TA. P4 Outcome of spondyloarthropathy patients with induction doses of infliximab. Indian Journal of Rheumatology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0973-3698(11)60114-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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