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Kaňuková Š, Lenkavská K, Gubišová M, Kraic J. Suspension culture of stem cells established of Calendula officinalis L. Sci Rep 2024; 14:441. [PMID: 38172230 PMCID: PMC10764935 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50945-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant stem cell cultures have so far been established in only a few plant species using cambial meristematic cells. The presence of stem cells or stem cell-like cells in other organs and tissues of the plant body, as well as the possibility of de novo generation of meristematic cells from differentiated cells, allow to consider the establishment of stem cell cultures in a broader range of species. This study aimed to establish a stem cell culture of the medicinal plant Calendula officinalis L. Callus tissues were induced from leaf and root explants, and already at this stage, stem and dedifferentiated cells could be identified. The cell suspension cultures established both from the root- and leaf-derived calli contained a high proportion of stem cells (92-93% and 72-73%, respectively). The most effective combination of growth regulators for the development of stem cells in calli as well as cell cultures was 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L BAP. The highest amount of stem cells (5.60-5.72 × 105) was in cell suspension derived from the roots. An effective protocol for the establishment of marigold stem cell suspension culture was developed. The ratio of root-derived stem cells against dedifferentiated cells exceeded 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šarlota Kaňuková
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovakia
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68, Piešťany, Slovakia
| | - Klaudia Lenkavská
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Marcela Gubišová
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68, Piešťany, Slovakia
| | - Ján Kraic
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovakia.
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68, Piešťany, Slovakia.
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Kaňuková Š, Ondreičková K, Mihálik D, Kraic J. New Set of EST-STR Markers for Discrimination of Related Papaver somniferum L. Varieties. Life (Basel) 2023; 14:72. [PMID: 38255686 PMCID: PMC10820365 DOI: 10.3390/life14010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Papaver somniferum L. is cultivated for its edible seeds and for the production of alkaloids. A serious problem in seed trade and processing is the intentional mixing of excellent food-quality seeds with non-food-grade-quality seeds. Tracking the correct or illegitimate handling of seeds requires an efficient method for discrimination and individualization of poppy varieties. As in human and animal forensics, DNA variable regions containing short tandem repeats (STRs) located either in non-coding DNA or in gene sequences (EST-STRs) are preferred markers for discrimination between genotypes. Primers designed for 10 poppy EST-STR loci not analyzed so far were tested for their discriminatory ability on a set of 23 related P. somniferum L. genotypes. Thirty-three EST-STR alleles were identified together. Their polymorphic information content (PIC) values were in the range of 0.175-0.649. The PI value varied in the range of 0.140-0.669, and the cumulative PI was 1.2 × 10-5. PIsibs values varied between 0.436 and 0.820 and the cumulative value was lower (5.0 × 10-3). All analyzed genotypes were distinguished mutually, each with its own unique EST-STR profile. These newly developed EST-STR markers more effectively discriminated P. somniferum L. genotypes, even those genotypes whose DNA profiles were previously identical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šarlota Kaňuková
- Department of Applied Biology and Genetics, Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Bratislavska cesta 122, 92168 Piestany, Slovakia; (Š.K.); (K.O.); (D.M.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Namestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Ondreičková
- Department of Applied Biology and Genetics, Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Bratislavska cesta 122, 92168 Piestany, Slovakia; (Š.K.); (K.O.); (D.M.)
| | - Daniel Mihálik
- Department of Applied Biology and Genetics, Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Bratislavska cesta 122, 92168 Piestany, Slovakia; (Š.K.); (K.O.); (D.M.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Namestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Ján Kraic
- Department of Applied Biology and Genetics, Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Bratislavska cesta 122, 92168 Piestany, Slovakia; (Š.K.); (K.O.); (D.M.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Namestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia
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Mihálik D, Hančinský R, Kaňuková Š, Mrkvová M, Kraic J. Elicitation of Hyoscyamine Production in Datura stramonium L. Plants Using Tobamoviruses. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:3319. [PMID: 36501358 PMCID: PMC9740805 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Datura stramonium L. produces tropane alkaloids, and the hyoscyamine is dominant among them. Hyoscyamine is produced by hairy root cultures in vitro derived from native plants or plants with the genetically modified biosynthetic pathway for hyoscyamine. A common procedure is extraction from cultivated plants. Elicitors for increased production can be used in both cases. Live viruses are not well known for use as elicitors, therefore, D. stramonium plants grown in soil were artificially infected with the tobamoviruses Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), and Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Differences in the content of hyoscyamine were between capsules and roots of infected and non-infected plants. Elicitation increased content of hyoscyamine in capsules 1.23-2.34 times, compared to the control. The most effective viruses were PMMoV and ToMV (isolate PV143), which increased content to above 19 mg/g of fresh weight of a capsule. The effect of each virus elicitor was expressed also in hyoscyamine content in roots. Elicited plants contained 5.41-16.54 times more hyoscyamine in roots compared to non-elicited plants. The most effective elicitor was ToMV SL-1, which raised production above 20 mg/g fresh weight of roots. It has been shown that tobamoviruses can be used as biotic elicitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mihálik
- National Agricultural and Food Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168 Piešt’any, Slovakia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Richard Hančinský
- National Agricultural and Food Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168 Piešt’any, Slovakia
| | - Šarlota Kaňuková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Mrkvová
- National Agricultural and Food Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168 Piešt’any, Slovakia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Ján Kraic
- National Agricultural and Food Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168 Piešt’any, Slovakia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia
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Kaňuková Š, Gubišová M, Klčová L, Mihálik D, Kraic J. Establishment of Stem Cell-like Cells of Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby from Explants Containing Cambial Meristems. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147644. [PMID: 35886991 PMCID: PMC9320681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro cultures of plant stem cells and stem cell-like cells can be established from tissues containing meristematic cells. Chemical compounds—as well as their production potential—is among the emerging topics of plant biotechnology. We induced the callus cell biomass growth and characterized the parameters indicating the presence of stem cells or stem cell-like cells. Four types of explants (stem, petiole, leaf, root) from Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby and various combinations of auxins and cytokinins were tested for initiation of callus, growth of sub-cultivated callus biomass, and establishment of stem cells or stem cell-like cells. Induction of callus and its growth parameters were significantly affected both by the explant type and the combination of used plant growth hormones and regulators. The responsibility for callus initiation and growth was the highest in stem-derived explants containing cambial meristematic cells. Growth parameters of callus biomass and specific characteristics of vacuoles confirmed the presence of stem cells or stem cell-like cells in sub-cultivated callus cell biomass. Establishment of in vitro stem cell or stem cell-like cell cultures in S. hermaphrodita can lead to the development of various applications of in vitro cultivation systems as well as alternative applications of this crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šarlota Kaňuková
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (Š.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Marcela Gubišová
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168 Piešťany, Slovakia; (M.G.); (L.K.)
| | - Lenka Klčová
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168 Piešťany, Slovakia; (M.G.); (L.K.)
| | - Daniel Mihálik
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (Š.K.); (D.M.)
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168 Piešťany, Slovakia; (M.G.); (L.K.)
| | - Ján Kraic
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (Š.K.); (D.M.)
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168 Piešťany, Slovakia; (M.G.); (L.K.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +421-337-947-168
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Havrlentová M, Ondreičková K, Hozlár P, Gregusová V, Mihálik D, Kraic J. Formation of Potential Heterotic Groups of Oat Using Variation at Microsatellite Loci. Plants 2021; 10:plants10112462. [PMID: 34834825 PMCID: PMC8621079 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An evaluation of polymorphism at the microsatellite loci was applied in distinguishing 85 oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes selected from the collection of genetic resources. The set of genotypes included oats with white, yellow, and brown seeds as well as a subgroup of naked oat (Avena sativa var. nuda Koern). Variation at these loci was used to form potential heterotic groups potentially used in the oat breeding program. Seven from 20 analyzed microsatellite loci revealed polymorphism. Altogether, 35 microsatellite alleles were detected (2–10 per locus). Polymorphic patterns completely differentiated all genotypes within the subgroups of white, brown, and naked oats, respectively. Only within the greatest subgroup of yellow genotypes, four pairs of genotypes remained unseparated. Genetic differentiation between the oat subgroups allowed the formation of seven potential heterotic groups using the STRUCTURE analysis. The overall value of the fixation index (Fst) suggested a high genetic differentiation between the subgroups and validated a heterotic grouping. This approach can be implemented as a simple predictor of heterosis in parental crosses prior to extensive field testing or development and implementation of more accurate genomic selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Havrlentová
- National Agricultural and Food Center, Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská Cesta 122, 92168 Piešťany, Slovakia; (K.O.); (P.H.); (D.M.); (J.K.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie Jozefa Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarína Ondreičková
- National Agricultural and Food Center, Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská Cesta 122, 92168 Piešťany, Slovakia; (K.O.); (P.H.); (D.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Peter Hozlár
- National Agricultural and Food Center, Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská Cesta 122, 92168 Piešťany, Slovakia; (K.O.); (P.H.); (D.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Veronika Gregusová
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie Jozefa Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia;
| | - Daniel Mihálik
- National Agricultural and Food Center, Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská Cesta 122, 92168 Piešťany, Slovakia; (K.O.); (P.H.); (D.M.); (J.K.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie Jozefa Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia;
| | - Ján Kraic
- National Agricultural and Food Center, Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská Cesta 122, 92168 Piešťany, Slovakia; (K.O.); (P.H.); (D.M.); (J.K.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie Jozefa Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia;
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Ondreičková K, Piliarová M, Klčová L, Žofajová A, Gubiš J, Horník M, Gubišová M, Hudcovicová M, Kraic J. The impact of sewage sludge on the fungal communities in the rhizosphere and roots of barley and on barley yield. Open Life Sci 2021; 16:210-221. [PMID: 33817312 PMCID: PMC7968536 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Current problems with sewage sludge (SS) disposal could be solved by application to agricultural land considering its fertilizer properties and ability to improve soil condition. However, SS may contain heavy metals as well as pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, molecular analysis of partial 18S rRNA gene was used to study the impact of SS application into the soil on the genetic diversity of fungal communities, especially arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere and roots of barley. These samples were collected on three dates from the control soil without SS and from the soil with the addition of SS at the concentrations of 5 and 15 t ha-1. Fungal alpha diversity in the rhizosphere of barley was affected by SS differently than in barley roots. In addition, principal component analysis and cluster analysis revealed that fungal communities were strongly influenced by the SS addition into the soil, sample type, and the sampling date. This approach was complemented by an evaluation of the basic parameters of barley production and the response of these parameters to the presence of SS in the soil. The plant height increased with increasing SS concentration and the thousand seed weight significantly increased at the concentration of 5 t ha-1 SS but significantly decreased in 15 t ha-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Ondreičková
- Department of Applied Biology and Genetics, National Agricultural and Food Centre – Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68, Piešťany, Slovak Republic
| | - Michaela Piliarová
- Department of Biotechnologies, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovak Republic
| | - Lenka Klčová
- Department of Applied Biology and Genetics, National Agricultural and Food Centre – Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68, Piešťany, Slovak Republic
| | - Alžbeta Žofajová
- Department of Applied Biology and Genetics, National Agricultural and Food Centre – Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68, Piešťany, Slovak Republic
| | - Jozef Gubiš
- Department of Applied Biology and Genetics, National Agricultural and Food Centre – Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68, Piešťany, Slovak Republic
| | - Miroslav Horník
- Department of Ecochemistry and Radioecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovak Republic
| | - Marcela Gubišová
- Department of Applied Biology and Genetics, National Agricultural and Food Centre – Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68, Piešťany, Slovak Republic
| | - Martina Hudcovicová
- Department of Applied Biology and Genetics, National Agricultural and Food Centre – Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68, Piešťany, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Kraic
- Department of Applied Biology and Genetics, National Agricultural and Food Centre – Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68, Piešťany, Slovak Republic
- Department of Biotechnologies, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovak Republic
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Blehová A, Murín M, Nemeček P, Gajdoš P, Čertík M, Kraic J, Matušíková I. Alterations in allocation and composition of lipid classes in Euonymus fruits and seeds. Protoplasma 2021; 258:169-178. [PMID: 33009648 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-020-01562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The spindle tree (Euonymus europaeus L.) is a much-branched deciduous shrub or small tree. Its fruit capsules contain seeds with remarkably high content of oil interesting for industry, especially the 3-acetyl-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerols (AcDAG) synthesized by a specific acetyl-CoA diacylglycerol acetyltransferase. The distribution and amount of individual triacylglycerols (TAG) and especially acetyl-triacylglycerols (AcDAG) in Euonymus fruit have previously been assigned to specific tissues. Using anatomical and microscopical observations, we studied the fruit morphology, and for the first time, we identified a more detailed allocation of oil bodies in individual tissue structures. Thin layer chromatography separation of extracts from immature and mature fruits confirmed TAG and AcDAG as the most abundant lipid classes in both endosperm and embryo, followed by fatty acids and polar lipids. The abundance of fatty acids was further studied in the TAG and AcDAG fractions using gas chromatography. Data revealed particular FAs in both fractions allocated in tissue-specific manner and/or as indicators of maturation of E. europaeus seeds. While the abundance of cis-vaccenic-, linoleic as well as α-linolenic acids in the AcDAG structures generally drop with maturation in both embryo and endosperm, content of oleic acid increases. Abundance of cis-vaccenic acid in TAG was recorded in immature endosperm. For embryo, the abundance of stearic acid in AcDAG and oleic acid in TAG fraction was distinctive. Deeper understanding of underlying metabolic processes will be essential for targeted metabolic engineering and/or application for oilseed crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Blehová
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina, 84 215, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - M Murín
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina, 84 215, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - P Nemeček
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovak Republic
| | - P Gajdoš
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - M Čertík
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - J Kraic
- Department of Biotechnologies, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovak Republic
| | - I Matušíková
- Department of Ecochemistry and Radioecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovak Republic.
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Kaňuková Š, Mrkvová M, Mihálik D, Kraic J. Procedures for DNA Extraction from Opium Poppy ( Papaver somniferum L.) and Poppy Seed-Containing Products. Foods 2020; 9:foods9101429. [PMID: 33050241 PMCID: PMC7601356 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Several commonly used extraction procedures and commercial kits were compared for extraction of DNA from opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) seeds, ground seeds, pollen grains, poppy seed filling from a bakery product, and poppy oil. The newly developed extraction protocol was much simpler, reduced the cost and time required for DNA extraction from the native and ground seeds, and pollen grains. The quality of extracted DNA by newly developed protocol was better or comparable to the most efficient ones. After being extended by a simple purification step on a silica membrane column, the newly developed protocol was also very effective in extracting of poppy DNA from poppy seed filling. DNA extracted from this poppy matrix was amplifiable by PCR analysis. DNA extracted from cold-pressed poppy oil and suitable for amplifications was obtained only by methods developed previously for olive oil. Extracted poppy DNA from all tested matrices was analysed by PCR using primers flanking a microsatellite locus (156 bp) and two different fragments of the reference tubulin gene (553 bp and 96 bp). The long fragment of the reference gene was amplified in DNA extracted from native seeds, ground seeds, and pollen grains. Poppy DNA extracted from the filling of bakery product was confirmed only by amplification of short fragments (96 bp and 156 bp). DNA extracted from cold-pressed poppy oil was determined also only by amplification of these two short fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šarlota Kaňuková
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, SK-917 01 Trnava, Slovakia; (Š.K.); (M.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Michaela Mrkvová
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, SK-917 01 Trnava, Slovakia; (Š.K.); (M.M.); (D.M.)
| | - Daniel Mihálik
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, SK-917 01 Trnava, Slovakia; (Š.K.); (M.M.); (D.M.)
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, Bratislavská cesta 122, SK-921 68 Piešťany, Slovakia
| | - Ján Kraic
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, SK-917 01 Trnava, Slovakia; (Š.K.); (M.M.); (D.M.)
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, Bratislavská cesta 122, SK-921 68 Piešťany, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-337-947-168; Fax: +421-337-726-306
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Mihálik D, Lančaričová A, Mrkvová M, Kaňuková Š, Moravčíková J, Glasa M, Šubr Z, Predajňa L, Hančinský R, Grešíková S, Havrlentová M, Hauptvogel P, Kraic J. Diacylglycerol Acetyltransferase Gene Isolated from Euonymus europaeus L. Altered Lipid Metabolism in Transgenic Plant towards the Production of Acetylated Triacylglycerols. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10090205. [PMID: 32947896 PMCID: PMC7554731 DOI: 10.3390/life10090205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Euonymus species from the Celastraceae family are considered as a source of unusual genes modifying the oil content and fatty acid composition of vegetable oils. Due to the possession of genes encoding enzyme diacylglycerol acetyltransferase (DAcT), Euonymus plants can synthesize and accumulate acetylated triacyglycerols. The gene from Euonymus europaeus (EeDAcT) encoding the DAcT was identified, isolated, characterized, and modified for cloning and genetic transformation of plants. This gene has a unique nucleotide sequence and amino acid composition, different from orthologous genes from other Euonymus species. Nucleotide sequence of original EeDAcT gene was modified, cloned into transformation vector, and introduced into tobacco plants. Overexpression of EeDAcT gene was confirmed, and transgenic host plants produced and accumulated acetylated triacylglycerols (TAGs) in immature seeds. Individual transgenic plants showed difference in amounts of synthesized acetylTAGs and also in fatty acid composition of acetylTAGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mihálik
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168 Piešt’any, Slovakia; (D.M.); (A.L.); (M.H.); (P.H.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (Š.K.); (J.M.); (M.G.); (R.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Andrea Lančaričová
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168 Piešt’any, Slovakia; (D.M.); (A.L.); (M.H.); (P.H.)
| | - Michaela Mrkvová
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (Š.K.); (J.M.); (M.G.); (R.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Šarlota Kaňuková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (Š.K.); (J.M.); (M.G.); (R.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Jana Moravčíková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (Š.K.); (J.M.); (M.G.); (R.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Miroslav Glasa
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (Š.K.); (J.M.); (M.G.); (R.H.); (S.G.)
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Z.Š.); (L.P.)
| | - Zdeno Šubr
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Z.Š.); (L.P.)
| | - Lukáš Predajňa
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Z.Š.); (L.P.)
| | - Richard Hančinský
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (Š.K.); (J.M.); (M.G.); (R.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Simona Grešíková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (Š.K.); (J.M.); (M.G.); (R.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Michaela Havrlentová
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168 Piešt’any, Slovakia; (D.M.); (A.L.); (M.H.); (P.H.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (Š.K.); (J.M.); (M.G.); (R.H.); (S.G.)
| | - Pavol Hauptvogel
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168 Piešt’any, Slovakia; (D.M.); (A.L.); (M.H.); (P.H.)
| | - Ján Kraic
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168 Piešt’any, Slovakia; (D.M.); (A.L.); (M.H.); (P.H.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Námestie J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia; (M.M.); (Š.K.); (J.M.); (M.G.); (R.H.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Kulichová K, Sokol J, Nemeček P, Maliarová M, Maliar T, Havrlentová M, Kraic J. Phenolic compounds and biological activities of rye (Secale cereale L.) grains. OPEN CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2019-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe rye flour is, together with the wheat flour, the basic ingredient used in traditional bread baking. The rye grain contains many compounds with significant impacts on the consumer. Considering that, various biologically active phytochemicals were determined in extracts from mature grains of 19 rye genotypes (Secale cereale L.). The content of total phenols, flavonoids, phenolic acids and thiols, as well as antioxidant activities and inhibitory activities against trypsin, thrombin, and urokinase were analyzed by spectrophotometric methods. The vanillic acid, vanillin, p-coumaric acid, and t-ferulic acid were analyzed in particular by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The observed differences in the amounts and activities between rye genotypes reflected variations in their genetic background. Rye grain is a remarkable source of specific phytochemicals. Genetic diversity in rye makes it possible to identify individual genotypes that have a unique content and biological activity of compounds deposited in mature grains. One subgroup of rye genotypes had higher values of antioxidant properties and concentrations of polyphenols. Other sub-group had higher proteinase inhibitory activities and contents of polyphenols. The third sub-group contained as though the universal genotypes, i.e. genotypes with average values in nearly all the measured parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Kulichová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, 91701Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Sokol
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, 91701Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Nemeček
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, 91701Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Maliarová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, 91701Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Tibor Maliar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, 91701Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Havrlentová
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168Piešťany, Slovakia
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, 91701Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Ján Kraic
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, 91701Trnava, Slovakia
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168Piešťany, Slovakia
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11
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Glasa M, Šoltys K, Predajňa L, Sihelská N, Nováková S, Šubr Z, Kraic J, Mihálik D. Molecular and Biological Characterisation of Turnip mosaic virus Isolates Infecting Poppy ( Papaversomniferum and P. rhoeas) in Slovakia. Viruses 2018; 10:E430. [PMID: 30110973 PMCID: PMC6116182 DOI: 10.3390/v10080430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the accumulated molecular data of Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) isolates from various hosts originating from different parts of the world considerably helped to understand the genetic complexity and evolutionary history of the virus. In this work, four complete TuMV genomes (HC9, PK1, MS04, MS15) were characterised from naturally infected cultivated and wild-growing Papaver spp., hosts from which only very scarce data were available previously. Phylogenetic analyses showed the affiliation of Slovak Papaver isolates to the world-B and basal-B groups. The PK1 isolate showed a novel intra-lineage recombination pattern, further confirming the important role of recombination in the shaping of TuMV genetic diversity. Biological assays indicated that the intensity of symptoms in experimentally inoculated oilseed poppy are correlated to TuMV accumulation level in leaves. This is the first report of TuMV in poppy plants in Slovakia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Glasa
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Katarína Šoltys
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 8, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Lukáš Predajňa
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Nina Sihelská
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Slavomíra Nováková
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Zdeno Šubr
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Ján Kraic
- Department of Biotechnologies, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, 917 01 Trnava, Slovakia.
- National Agriculture and Food Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68 Piešťany, Slovakia.
| | - Daniel Mihálik
- Department of Biotechnologies, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, 917 01 Trnava, Slovakia.
- National Agriculture and Food Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68 Piešťany, Slovakia.
- Institute of High Mountain Biology, University of Žilina, Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia.
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Mičianová V, Ondreičková K, Muchová D, Klčová L, Hudcovicová M, Havrlentová M, Mihálik D, Kraic J. Forensic application of EST-derived STR markers in opium poppy. Biologia (Bratisl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2017-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Bardáčová M, Konotop Y, Gregorová Z, Horník M, Moravčíková J, Kraic J, Matušíková I. Variable dynamics of cadmium uptake and allocation in four soybean cultivars. Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/nbec-2017-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cadmium is a serious environmental pollutant and its uptake by plant represents a serious health risk. Uptake, accumulation as well as sensitivity of soybean plants to metals have been shown to vary with genotype, while the dynamics of this uptake has rarely been studied. Here we studied the uptake and accumulation of Cd2+ ions in different parts of soybean plants of four cultivars Moravians, Gallec, Kent and Cardiff. The plants at early developmental stage were immersed in Hoagland nutrient solution in the presence or absence of 50 mg.L−1 and the isotope of 109Cd2+ to monitor its accumulation continuously at 24 h intervals for 10 days. Our results showed that the uptake rate varied among the cultivars, being the highest in roots of the cv. Moravians and the lowest in the cv. Gallec. We also observed a non-even distribution of radioactivity within the entire plants of individual cultivars. The most of Cd2+ isotope was translocated into primary leaves and leaves in the cvs. Kent and Moravians; on the contrary, relatively less in the cvs. Cardiff and Gallec. The results were fitted with genetic potential, growth as well as defense parameters such as proline accumulation. Combining uptake dynamics and biochemical data are indicative for different tolerance strategies of soybeans.
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Mihálik D, Gubišová M, Kraic J, Hudcovicová M, Havrlentová M, Moravčíková J, Glasa M, Matušíková I. Introduction of a synthetic Thermococcus-derived α-amlyase gene into barley genome for increased enzyme thermostability in grains. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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15
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Sihelská N, Vozárová Z, Predajňa L, Šoltys K, Hudcovicová M, Mihálik D, Kraic J, Mrkvová M, Kúdela O, Glasa M. Experimental Infection of Different Tomato Genotypes with Tomato mosaic virus Led to a Low Viral Population Heterogeneity in the Capsid Protein Encoding Region. Plant Pathol J 2017; 33:508-513. [PMID: 29018314 PMCID: PMC5624493 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.nt.04.2017.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The complete genome sequence of a Slovak SL-1 isolate of Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) was determined from the next generation sequencing (NGS) data, further confirming a limited sequence divergence in this tobamovirus species. Tomato genotypes Monalbo, Mobaci and Moperou, respectively carrying the susceptible tm-2 allele or the Tm-1 and Tm-2 resistant alleles, were tested for their susceptibility to ToMV SL-1. Although the three tomato genotypes accumulated ToMV SL-1 to similar amounts as judged by semi-quantitative DAS-ELISA, they showed variations in the rate of infection and symptomatology. Possible differences in the intra-isolate variability and polymorphism between viral populations propagating in these tomato genotypes were evaluated by analysis of the capsid protein (CP) encoding region. Irrespective of genotype infected, the intra-isolate haplotype structure showed the presence of the same highly dominant CP sequence and the low level of population diversity (0.08-0.19%). Our results suggest that ToMV CP encoding sequence is relatively stable in the viral population during its replication in vivo and provides further demonstration that RNA viruses may show high sequence stability, probably as a result of purifying selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Sihelská
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava,
Slovak Republic
| | - Zuzana Vozárová
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava,
Slovak Republic
| | - Lukáš Predajňa
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava,
Slovak Republic
| | - Katarína Šoltys
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 8, 841 04, Bratislava,
Slovak Republic
| | - Martina Hudcovicová
- National Agriculture and Food Centre-Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68 Piešťany,
Slovak Republic
| | - Daniel Mihálik
- National Agriculture and Food Centre-Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68 Piešťany,
Slovak Republic
- Department of Biotechnologies, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, 917 01 Trnava,
Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Kraic
- National Agriculture and Food Centre-Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68 Piešťany,
Slovak Republic
- Department of Biotechnologies, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, 917 01 Trnava,
Slovak Republic
| | - Michaela Mrkvová
- Department of Biotechnologies, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, 917 01 Trnava,
Slovak Republic
| | | | - Miroslav Glasa
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava,
Slovak Republic
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Krošlák E, Maliar T, Nemeček P, Viskupičová J, Maliarová M, Havrlentová M, Kraic J. Antioxidant and Proteinase Inhibitory Activities of Selected Poppy (Papaver somniferum
L.) Genotypes. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Krošlák
- Department of Biotechnologies; Faculty of Natural Sciences; University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius; Nám. J. Herdu 2 917 01 Trnava Slovakia
| | - Tibor Maliar
- Department of Biotechnologies; Faculty of Natural Sciences; University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius; Nám. J. Herdu 2 917 01 Trnava Slovakia
| | - Peter Nemeček
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Sciences; University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius; Nám. J. Herdu 2 917 01 Trnava Slovakia
| | - Jana Viskupičová
- Department of Biotechnologies; Faculty of Natural Sciences; University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius; Nám. J. Herdu 2 917 01 Trnava Slovakia
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Dúbravská cesta 9 841 04 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Mária Maliarová
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Sciences; University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius; Nám. J. Herdu 2 917 01 Trnava Slovakia
| | - Michaela Havrlentová
- Department of Biotechnologies; Faculty of Natural Sciences; University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius; Nám. J. Herdu 2 917 01 Trnava Slovakia
- Research Institute of Plant Production; National Agricultural and Food Centre; Bratislavská cesta 122 921 68 Piešťany Slovakia
| | - Ján Kraic
- Department of Biotechnologies; Faculty of Natural Sciences; University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius; Nám. J. Herdu 2 917 01 Trnava Slovakia
- Research Institute of Plant Production; National Agricultural and Food Centre; Bratislavská cesta 122 921 68 Piešťany Slovakia
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Moravčíková J, Matušíková I, Nemeček P, Blehová A, Balážová Ž, Gálová Z, Mészáros P, Kraic J. Perception of biotech trees by Slovak university students – a comparative survey. Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/nbec-2017-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Acceptance of genetically modified plants is restricted in EU by legislation, while the attitude of public is not favourable as well. Surveys show that knowledge about GM plants is getting increased. Newly developed strategies on GM safety for environment can be a crucial aspect for the (partial) acceptance in future. GM trees as non-edible plants might appear as more admissible, however, are relatively rarely discussed. We performed a comparative survey on knowledge and perception of GM forest trees among students at four Slovak universities. We also compared their responses between as well as with the outcome of similar cross-country survey in frames of the COST Action FP0905. The results point to very similar attitude of Slovak students when compared with students from other countries, no significant difference between responses of males and females, but also influence of age as well as orientation of their study (natural sciences vs. economy) on view of GM tree safety and placing on the market.
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Sihelská N, Predajňa L, Nagyová A, Šoltys K, Budiš J, Gubiš J, Mrkvová M, Kraic J, Mihálik D, Glasa M. Detection and molecular characterization of Slovak tomato isolates belonging to two recombinant strains of potato virus Y. Acta Virol 2017; 60:347-353. [PMID: 27928913 DOI: 10.4149/av_2016_04_347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Total RNAs from a symptomless tomato plant were subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis, revealing the presence of a single viral agent - potato virus Y (PVY). The analysis of determined full-length genome sequence assigned the PVY SL16 isolate to the recombinant PVY-N-Wi strain group. A series of primers targeting the four main recombinant junction (RJ) sites were used for characterization of additional 5 tomato PVY isolates recovered in Western Slovakia. Based on the partial sequences, the isolates could be classified as belonging to PVY-N-Wi and PVY-NTNa strain groups. Interestingly, both these distinct recombinant PVY types were identified in mixed infection in one tomato sample (SL31). Our results further reinforce the data on the complexity of PVY infection and confirm the recombination as a significant evolutionary process shaping the PVY diversity.
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Maliar T, Nemeček P, Ürgeová E, Maliarová M, Nesvadba V, Krofta K, Vulganová K, Krošlák E, Kraic J. Secondary metabolites, antioxidant and anti-proteinase activities of methanolic extracts from cones of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) cultivars. Chem Pap 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-016-0034-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
AbstractPlants have evolved to live in environments where they are often exposed to different stress factors. Being sessile, they have developed specific mechanisms that allow them to detect precisely environmental changes and respond to complex conditions, minimizing damage while conserving valuable resources for growth and reproduction. The cell wall polysaccharide β-D-glucan observed in some species of Poales can determine responses to various environmental factors in specific plant developmental stages. It is located in the outer epidermal layer, at the place of stress attack and therefore its metabolism could relate to response of plant to environmental factors within moderate, physiological range. Putative protective role of β-D-glucan during heat stress was indicated through naked oats with higher content of β-D-glucan. It appeared that oats with higher β-D-glucan content are better adapted to stress conditions. The presented article discusses the β-D-glucan as a possible protective mechanism in oat during (heat) stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Havrlentová
- 1 National Agricultural and Food Centre – Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, Piešťany, SK-921 68, Slovakia Republic
- 2 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Nám. J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovakia Republic
| | - Ľubomíra Deáková
- 1 National Agricultural and Food Centre – Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, Piešťany, SK-921 68, Slovakia Republic
| | - Ján Kraic
- 1 National Agricultural and Food Centre – Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, Piešťany, SK-921 68, Slovakia Republic
- 2 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Nám. J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovakia Republic
| | - Alžbeta Žofajová
- 1 National Agricultural and Food Centre – Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, Piešťany, SK-921 68, Slovakia Republic
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Bardáčová M, Maglovski M, Gregorová Z, Konotop Y, Horník M, Moravčíková J, Kraic J, Mihálik D, Matušíková I. The Activity of Cell-Wall Modifying β-1,3-Glucanases in Soybean Grown in Presence of Heavy Metals. Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/nbec-2016-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractCell walls represent the first barrier that can prevent the entrance of toxic heavy metals into plants. The composition and the flexibility of the cell wall are regulated by different enzymes. The ß-1,3-glucanases control the degradation of the polysaccharide callose as a flexible regulation mechanism of cell wall permeability and/or its ability to bind metals under stress conditions. The profile and activity of ß-1,3-glucanases in the presence of heavy metals, however, has rarely been studied. Here we studied these enzymes in four soybean varieties (Glycine max) grown in the presence of cadmium ions. These analyses revealed three acidic and one basic enzyme isoforms in each soybean variety, but only two of the acidic isoforms in the variety Moravians were substantially responsive to the presence of Cd2+. Since the responses of certain glucanases were detected mainly in the varieties sensitive to metal and accumulating high amounts of metals, we assume their role in the defense rather than strategic metal sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bardáčová
- 1 Department of Ecochemistry and Radioecology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Nám. J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovakia Republic
| | - Marína Maglovski
- 2 Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademická 2, P.O. Box 39A, Nitra, SK-950 07, Slovakia Republic
| | - Zuzana Gregorová
- 2 Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademická 2, P.O. Box 39A, Nitra, SK-950 07, Slovakia Republic
| | - Yevheniia Konotop
- 3 Educational and Scientific Centre “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Miroslav Horník
- 1 Department of Ecochemistry and Radioecology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Nám. J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovakia Republic
| | - Jana Moravčíková
- 2 Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademická 2, P.O. Box 39A, Nitra, SK-950 07, Slovakia Republic
| | - Ján Kraic
- 4 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Nám. J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovakia Republic
| | - Daniel Mihálik
- 4 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Nám. J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovakia Republic
| | - Ildikó Matušíková
- 1 Department of Ecochemistry and Radioecology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Nám. J. Herdu 2, Trnava, SK-917 01, Slovakia Republic
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Sojková J, Žur I, Gregorová Z, Zimová M, Matušíková I, Mihálik D, Kraic J, Moravčíková J. In Vitro Regeneration Potential of Seven Commercial Soybean Cultivars (Glycine max L.) for Use in Biotechnology. Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/nbec-2016-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This work is aimed to evaluate in vitro regeneration potential of seven commercial soybean varieties Bohemians, Cardiff, Gallec, Merlin, Moravians, Naya and Silensia (Glycine max L.) cultivated in Central Europe. Our results showed the half-seeds could be effectively used as an explant source for all tested cultivars. The regeneration was initiated on the media containing growth regulators 1.67 mg.l-1 BAP and 0.25 mg.l-1 GA3. Within the first five days culture, green chlorophyll-containing explants were observed with frequency from 18.3% to 55.9%. Two weeks later, the explants responded by production of calli with the efficiency up to 83.0%. First shoots appeared after 2–3 weeks of subculture on the media. The soybean regeneration showed to be genotype-dependent with variable efficiencies from 5.7% (cv. Naya) to 37.7% (cv. Gallec). The cultivars Cardiff, Merlin and Gallec appear to be the most promising candidates for further biotechnological use. Application of antioxidants such as L-cysteine, dithiothreitol and sodium thiosulfate does not have effect on the explant regeneration for the first five days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Sojková
- 1Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, The Constantine Philosopher University, Nábrežie mládeže 91, SK-949 74 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Iwona Žur
- 2Polish Academy of Sciences, Franciszek Gorski Institute of Plant Physiology, Niezapominajek 21, PL-30-239 Kraków, Polland
| | - Zuzana Gregorová
- 1Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, The Constantine Philosopher University, Nábrežie mládeže 91, SK-949 74 Nitra, Slovak Republic
- 3Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademická 2, P.O. Box 39A, SK-950 07 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Mária Zimová
- 1Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, The Constantine Philosopher University, Nábrežie mládeže 91, SK-949 74 Nitra, Slovak Republic
- 3Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademická 2, P.O. Box 39A, SK-950 07 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Ildikó Matušíková
- 4Department of Ecochemistry and Radioecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Nám. J. Herdu 2, SK-917 01 Trnava, Slovak Republic
| | - Daniel Mihálik
- 5Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS, Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Nám. J. Herdu 2, SK-917 01 Trnava, Slovakia
- 6Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, SK-921 68 Piešťany, Slovakia
| | - Ján Kraic
- 5Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS, Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Nám. J. Herdu 2, SK-917 01 Trnava, Slovakia
- 6Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, SK-921 68 Piešťany, Slovakia
| | - Jana Moravčíková
- 3Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademická 2, P.O. Box 39A, SK-950 07 Nitra, Slovak Republic
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Mihálik D, Klčová L, Ondreičková K, Hudcovicová M, Gubišová M, Klempová T, Čertík M, Pauk J, Kraic J. Biosynthesis of Essential Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Wheat Triggered by Expression of Artificial Gene. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:30046-60. [PMID: 26694368 PMCID: PMC4691084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The artificial gene D6D encoding the enzyme ∆⁶desaturase was designed and synthesized using the sequence of the same gene from the fungus Thamnidium elegans. The original start codon was replaced by the signal sequence derived from the wheat gene for high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit and the codon usage was completely changed for optimal expression in wheat. Synthesized artificial D6D gene was delivered into plants of the spring wheat line CY-45 and the gene itself, as well as transcribed D6D mRNA were confirmed in plants of T₀ and T₁ generations. The desired product of the wheat genetic modification by artificial D6D gene was the γ-linolenic acid. Its presence was confirmed in mature grains of transgenic wheat plants in the amount 0.04%-0.32% (v/v) of the total amount of fatty acids. Both newly synthesized γ-linolenic acid and stearidonic acid have been detected also in leaves, stems, roots, awns, paleas, rachillas, and immature grains of the T₁ generation as well as in immature and mature grains of the T₂ generation. Contents of γ-linolenic acid and stearidonic acid varied in range 0%-1.40% (v/v) and 0%-1.53% (v/v) from the total amount of fatty acids, respectively. This approach has opened the pathway of desaturation of fatty acids and production of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mihálik
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, 921 68 Piešťany, Slovakia.
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS, Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, 917 01 Trnava, Slovakia.
| | - Lenka Klčová
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, 921 68 Piešťany, Slovakia.
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia.
| | - Katarína Ondreičková
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, 921 68 Piešťany, Slovakia.
| | - Martina Hudcovicová
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, 921 68 Piešťany, Slovakia.
| | - Marcela Gubišová
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, 921 68 Piešťany, Slovakia.
| | - Tatiana Klempová
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Milan Čertík
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - János Pauk
- Cereal Research Non-profit Ltd., Szeged, Alsó kikötö sor 9, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Ján Kraic
- Research Institute of Plant Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, 921 68 Piešťany, Slovakia.
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS, Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, 917 01 Trnava, Slovakia.
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Maliar T, Slaba G, Nemeček P, Maliarová M, Benková M, Havrlentová M, Ondrejovič M, Kraic J. Antioxidants, Enzyme Inhibitors, and Biogenic Compounds in Grain Extracts of Barleys. Chem Biodivers 2015; 12:1678-95. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201400419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Kraic J, Mihálik D, Gubišová M, Ondreičková K, Klčová L, Klempová T, Hudcovicová M, Gubiš J, Žofajová A, Čertík M. Modified biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids in transgenic cereals. J Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sák M, Dokupilová I, Mihálik D, Lakatošová J, Gubišová M, Kraic J. Elicitation Phenolic Compounds in Cell Culture of Vitis vinifera L. by Phaeomoniella chlamydospora. Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/nbec-2015-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The in vitro cell cultures of Vitis vinifera L. cv. St. Laurent were treated with two elicitors - synthetic methyl jasmonate and natural, prepared from grapevine plant infected with the Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, the agent causing the Esca disease of grapevine. Efficiency of phenolic compounds production after elicitation of cell culture was analysed immediately after treatment (15 min, 30 min, 60 min) and later (after 24, 48, and 72 hours). The cell growth and content of phenolic compounds (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, syringaldehyde, rutin, vanillic acid, and trans-resveratrol were analysed in cultivated cells as well as in cultivation medium. Pch-treatment increased production of total polyphenols the most significantly 15 min after the elicitation and in optimal time was 2.86 times higher than in nonelicited culture and 1.44 times higher than in MeJa induced cell culture.
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Gavurníková S, Havrlentová M, Kraic J. Effects of starchy and β-glucan additives on flour, dough, and bread parameters. Acta Alimentaria 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/aalim.43.2014.2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ondreičková K, Mihálik D, Ficek A, Hudcovicová M, Kraic J, Drahovská H. Impact of Genetically Modified Maize on the Genetic Diversity of Rhizosphere Bacteria: a Two-Year Study in Slovakia. Polish Journal of Ecology 2014. [DOI: 10.3161/104.062.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Čertík M, Klempová T, Guothová L, Mihálik D, Kraic J. Biotechnology for the functional improvement of cereal-based materials enriched with PUFA and pigments. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Milan Čertík
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Department of Biochemical Technology; Slovak University of Technology; Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Tatiana Klempová
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Department of Biochemical Technology; Slovak University of Technology; Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Lucia Guothová
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Department of Biochemical Technology; Slovak University of Technology; Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Daniel Mihálik
- Plant Production Research Center; Piešt'any Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Kraic
- Plant Production Research Center; Piešt'any Slovak Republic
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Mihálik D, Nogová Ľ, Ondreičková K, Gubišová M, Gubiš J, Gregová E, Dokupilová I, Drška R, Kraic J. A new high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit from the slovak wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar ‘Trebišovská 76’. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-013-0045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Kraic J, Gregová E, Jomová K, Hudcovicová M. Microsatellite markers discriminating accessions within collections of plant genetic resources. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2002; 7:745-51. [PMID: 12378234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The reliability of microsatellite analyses for discriminating between plant accessions maintained in collections of genetic resources was tested for 53 accessions of barley, 65 of soybean, 49 of chickpea, and 19 of alfalfa. The specific primer pairs used in this study were based on microsatellite DNA sequences surrounded by perfect dinucleotide and imperfect trinucleotide tandem repeat units. The evaluated polymorphic information content, diversity index, and probabilities of identity indicate that there is value in the application of SSR analyses in barley, soybean, and chickpea genetic resource management. Variation between alfalfa genotypes was not revealed at the five analyzed microsatellite loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ján Kraic
- Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 92168 Piestany, Slovakia
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