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Bapteste E, Huneman P, Keller L, Teulière J, Lopez P, Teeling EC, Lindner AB, Baudisch A, Ludington WB, Franceschi C. Expanding evolutionary theories of ageing to better account for symbioses and interactions throughout the Web of Life. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 89:101982. [PMID: 37321383 PMCID: PMC10771319 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
How, when, and why organisms age are fascinating issues that can only be fully addressed by adopting an evolutionary perspective. Consistently, the main evolutionary theories of ageing, namely the Mutation Accumulation theory, the Antagonistic Pleiotropy theory, and the Disposable Soma theory, have formulated stimulating hypotheses that structure current debates on both the proximal and ultimate causes of organismal ageing. However, all these theories leave a common area of biology relatively under-explored. The Mutation Accumulation theory and the Antagonistic Pleiotropy theory were developed under the traditional framework of population genetics, and therefore are logically centred on the ageing of individuals within a population. The Disposable Soma theory, based on principles of optimising physiology, mainly explains ageing within a species. Consequently, current leading evolutionary theories of ageing do not explicitly model the countless interspecific and ecological interactions, such as symbioses and host-microbiomes associations, increasingly recognized to shape organismal evolution across the Web of Life. Moreover, the development of network modelling supporting a deeper understanding on the molecular interactions associated with ageing within and between organisms is also bringing forward new questions regarding how and why molecular pathways associated with ageing evolved. Here, we take an evolutionary perspective to examine the effects of organismal interactions on ageing across different levels of biological organisation, and consider the impact of surrounding and nested systems on organismal ageing. We also apply this perspective to suggest open issues with potential to expand the standard evolutionary theories of ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Bapteste
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France.
| | - Philippe Huneman
- Institut d'Histoire et de Philosophie des Sciences et des Techniques (CNRS/ Université Paris I Sorbonne), Paris, France
| | - Laurent Keller
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Teulière
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Lopez
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Emma C Teeling
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ariel B Lindner
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1284, Center for Research and Interdisciplinarity (CRI), Paris, France
| | - Annette Baudisch
- Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - William B Ludington
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Department of Applied Mathematics and Laboratory of Systems Medicine of Aging, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
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Teulière J, Bernard C, Bonnefous H, Martens J, Lopez P, Bapteste E. Interactomics: Dozens of Viruses, Co-evolving With Humans, Including the Influenza A Virus, may Actively Distort Human Aging. Mol Biol Evol 2023; 40:6989791. [PMID: 36649176 PMCID: PMC9897028 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msad012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Some viruses (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus 1 and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) have been experimentally proposed to accelerate features of human aging and of cellular senescence. These observations, along with evolutionary considerations on viral fitness, raised the more general puzzling hypothesis that, beyond documented sources in human genetics, aging in our species may also depend on virally encoded interactions distorting our aging to the benefits of diverse viruses. Accordingly, we designed systematic network-based analyses of the human and viral protein interactomes, which unraveled dozens of viruses encoding proteins experimentally demonstrated to interact with proteins from pathways associated with human aging, including cellular senescence. We further corroborated our predictions that specific viruses interfere with human aging using published experimental evidence and transcriptomic data; identifying influenza A virus (subtype H1N1) as a major candidate age distorter, notably through manipulation of cellular senescence. By providing original evidence that viruses may convergently contribute to the evolution of numerous age-associated pathways through co-evolution, our network-based and bipartite network-based methodologies support an ecosystemic study of aging, also searching for genetic causes of aging outside a focal aging species. Our findings, predicting age distorters and targets for anti-aging therapies among human viruses, could have fundamental and practical implications for evolutionary biology, aging study, virology, medicine, and demography.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hugo Bonnefous
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Johannes Martens
- Sciences, Normes, Démocratie (SND), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Lopez
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
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Teulière J, Bernard C, Corel E, Lapointe FJ, Martens J, Lopez P, Bapteste E. Network analyses unveil ageing-associated pathways evolutionarily conserved from fungi to animals. GeroScience 2022; 45:1059-1080. [PMID: 36508078 PMCID: PMC9886728 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00704-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic roots of the diverse paces and shapes of ageing and of the large variations in longevity observed across the tree of life are poorly understood. Indeed, pathways associated with ageing/longevity are incompletely known, both in terms of their constitutive genes/proteins and of their molecular interactions. Moreover, there is limited overlap between the genes constituting these pathways across mammals. Yet, dedicated comparative analyses might still unravel evolutionarily conserved, important pathways associated with longevity or ageing. Here, we used an original strategy with a double evolutionary and systemic focus to analyse protein interactions associated with ageing or longevity during the evolution of five species of Opisthokonta. We ranked these proteins and interactions based on their evolutionary conservation and centrality in past and present protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, providing a big systemic picture of the evolution of ageing and longevity pathways that identified which pathways emerged in which Opisthokonta lineages, were conserved, and/or central. We confirmed that longevity/ageing-associated proteins (LAPs), be they pro- or anti-longevity, are highly central in extant PPI, consistently with the antagonistic pleiotropy theory of ageing, and identified key antagonistic regulators of ageing/longevity, 52 of which with homologues in humans. While some highly central LAPs were evolutionarily conserved for over a billion years, we report a clear transition in the functionally important components of ageing/longevity within bilaterians. We also predicted 487 novel evolutionarily conserved LAPs in humans, 54% of which are more central than mTOR, and 138 of which are druggable, defining new potential targets for anti-ageing treatments in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Teulière
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université Des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Charles Bernard
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université Des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Eduardo Corel
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université Des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - François-Joseph Lapointe
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Département de Sciences Biologiques, Complexe Des Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - Johannes Martens
- Sciences, Normes, Démocratie (SND), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Lopez
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université Des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Eric Bapteste
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université Des Antilles, Paris, France.
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Teulière J, Bernard C, Bapteste E. Interspecific interactions that affect ageing: Age-distorters manipulate host ageing to their own evolutionary benefits. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 70:101375. [PMID: 34082078 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genetic causes for ageing are traditionally investigated within a species. Yet, the lifecycles of many organisms intersect. Additional evolutionary and genetic causes of ageing, external to a focal species/organism, may thus be overlooked. Here, we introduce the phrase and concept of age-distorters and its evidence. Age-distorters carry ageing interfering genes, used to manipulate the biological age of other entities upon which the reproduction of age-distorters relies, e.g. age-distorters bias the reproduction/maintenance trade-offs of cells/organisms for their own evolutionary interests. Candidate age-distorters include viruses, parasites and symbionts, operating through specific, genetically encoded interferences resulting from co-evolution and arms race between manipulative non-kins and manipulable species. This interference results in organismal ageing when age-distorters prompt manipulated organisms to favor their reproduction at the expense of their maintenance, turning these hosts into expanded disposable soma. By relying on reproduction/maintenance trade-offs affecting disposable entities, which are left ageing to the reproductive benefit of other physically connected lineages with conflicting evolutionary interests, the concept of age-distorters expands the logic of the Disposable Soma theory beyond species with fixed germen/soma distinctions. Moreover, acknowledging age-distorters as external sources of mutation accumulation and antagonistic pleiotropic genes expands the scope of the mutation accumulation and of the antagonistic pleiotropy theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Teulière
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Charles Bernard
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Eric Bapteste
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France.
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Teulière J, Bernard G, Bapteste E. The Distribution of Genes Associated With Regulated Cell Death Is Decoupled From the Mitochondrial Phenotypes Within Unicellular Eukaryotic Hosts. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:536389. [PMID: 33072737 PMCID: PMC7539657 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.536389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetically regulated cell death (RCD) occurs in all domains of life. In eukaryotes, the evolutionary origin of the mitochondrion and of certain forms of RCD, in particular apoptosis, are thought to coincide, suggesting a central general role for mitochondria in cellular suicide. We tested this mitochondrial centrality hypothesis across a dataset of 67 species of protists, presenting 5 classes of mitochondrial phenotypes, including functional mitochondria, metabolically diversified mitochondria, functionally reduced mitochondria (Mitochondrion Related Organelle or MRO) and even complete absence of mitochondria. We investigated the distribution of genes associated with various forms of RCD. No homologs for described mammalian regulators of regulated necrosis could be identified in our set of 67 unicellular taxa. Protists with MRO and the secondarily a mitochondriate Monocercomonoides exilis display heterogeneous reductions of apoptosis gene sets with respect to typical mitochondriate protists. Remarkably, despite the total lack of mitochondria in M. exilis, apoptosis-associated genes could still be identified. These same species of protists with MRO and M. exilis harbored non-reduced autophagic cell death gene sets. Moreover, transiently multicellular protist taxa appeared enriched in apoptotic and autophagy associated genes compared to free-living protists. This analysis suggests that genes associated with apoptosis in animals and the presence of the mitochondria are significant yet non-essential biological components for RCD in protists. More generally, our results support the hypothesis of a selection for RCD, including both apoptosis and autophagy, as a developmental mechanism linked to multicellularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Teulière
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Bernard
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Eric Bapteste
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
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He CW, Liao CP, Chen CK, Teulière J, Chen CH, Pan CL. The polarity protein VANG-1 antagonizes Wnt signaling by facilitating Frizzled endocytosis. Development 2018; 145:dev.168666. [PMID: 30504124 DOI: 10.1242/dev.168666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Signaling that instructs the migration of neurons needs to be tightly regulated to ensure precise positioning of neurons and subsequent wiring of the neuronal circuits. Wnt-Frizzled signaling controls neuronal migration in metazoans, in addition to many other aspects of neural development. We show that Caenorhabditis elegans VANG-1, a membrane protein that acts in the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, antagonizes Wnt signaling by facilitating endocytosis of the Frizzled receptors. Mutations of vang-1 suppress migration defects of multiple classes of neurons in the Frizzled mutants, and overexpression of vang-1 causes neuronal migration defects similar to those of the Frizzled mutants. Our genetic experiments suggest that VANG-1 facilitates Frizzled endocytosis through β-arrestin2. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments indicate that Frizzled proteins and VANG-1 form a complex, and this physical interaction requires the Frizzled cysteine-rich domain. Our work reveals a novel mechanism mediated by the PCP protein VANG-1 that downregulates Wnt signaling through Frizzled endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wei He
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Po Liao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kuan Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Jérôme Teulière
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3204, USA
| | - Chun-Hao Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Pan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
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Teulière J, Gally C, Garriga G, Labouesse M, Georges-Labouesse E. MIG-15 and ERM-1 promote growth cone directional migration in parallel to UNC-116 and WVE-1. Development 2011; 138:4475-85. [PMID: 21937599 DOI: 10.1242/dev.061952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neurons require precise targeting of their axons to form a connected network and a functional nervous system. Although many guidance receptors have been identified, much less is known about how these receptors signal to direct growth cone migration. We used Caenorhabditis elegans motoneurons to study growth cone directional migration in response to a repellent UNC-6 (netrin homolog) guidance cue. The evolutionarily conserved kinase MIG-15 [homolog of Nck-interacting kinase (NIK)] regulates motoneuron UNC-6-dependent repulsion through unknown mechanisms. Using genetics and live imaging techniques, we show that motoneuron commissural axon morphology defects in mig-15 mutants result from impaired growth cone motility and subsequent failure to migrate across longitudinal obstacles or retract extra processes. To identify new genes acting with mig-15, we screened for genetic enhancers of the mig-15 commissural phenotype and identified the ezrin/radixin/moesin ortholog ERM-1, the kinesin-1 motor UNC-116 and the actin regulator WVE-1 complex. Genetic analysis indicates that mig-15 and erm-1 act in the same genetic pathway to regulate growth cone migration and that this pathway functions in parallel to the UNC-116/WVE-1 pathway. Further, time-lapse imaging of growth cones in mutants suggests that UNC-116 might be required to stimulate protrusive activity at the leading edge, whereas MIG-15 and ERM-1 maintain low activity at the rear edge. Together, these results support a model in which the MIG-15 kinase and the UNC-116-WVE-1 complex act on opposite sides of the growth cone to promote robust directional migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Teulière
- IGBMC, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg UMR7104, INSERM U964, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP10142, Illkirch, 67400 France.
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Faraldo MM, Teulière J, Deugnier MA, Birchmeier W, Huelsken J, Thiery JP, Cano A, Glukhova MA. beta-Catenin regulates P-cadherin expression in mammary basal epithelial cells. FEBS Lett 2007; 581:831-6. [PMID: 17292359 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2006] [Revised: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 01/18/2007] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
P-cadherin expression is restricted to the basal layer of stratified epithelia including that of the mammary gland. Although evidence for an important role of P-cadherin in mammary morphogenesis and tumorigenesis is increasing, the mechanisms that regulate its expression are poorly understood. We show that in basal mammary epithelial cells, beta-catenin is associated with the P-cadherin promoter and activates its expression independently of LEF/TCF in a cell-type specific manner. Down-regulation of endogenous beta-catenin levels by RNA interference technique inhibited P-cadherin promoter activity. In vivo, in skin and mammary gland of mutant mice, activation of beta-catenin signalling correlates with up-regulation of P-cadherin expression. These data suggest that beta-catenin-dependent modulation of P-cadherin expression can contribute to the establishment of the basal phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa M Faraldo
- UMR 144, CNRS-Institut Curie, Section de Recherche, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris, Cedex 05, France.
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Deugnier MA, Faraldo MM, Teulière J, Thiery JP, Medina D, Glukhova MA. Isolation of mouse mammary epithelial progenitor cells with basal characteristics from the Comma-Dbeta cell line. Dev Biol 2006; 293:414-25. [PMID: 16545360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2005] [Revised: 02/03/2006] [Accepted: 02/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A mouse mammary epithelial cell line with morphogenetic properties in vivo, Comma-Dbeta, was used to isolate and to characterize mammary progenitor cells. We found that a homogeneous cell population expressing high surface levels of stem cell antigen 1 (Sca-1) was able to give rise in vivo to ductal and alveolar structures comprising luminal secretory and basal myoepithelial cells. Unlike the Sca-1(high), the Sca-1(neg/low) cell population displayed a reduced morphogenetic potential. The Sca-1(high) cells presented moderate CD24, high CD44 and alpha6 integrin surface levels, expressed basal cell markers p63, keratins 5 and 14, but no luminal and myoepithelial lineage markers. In culture, the Sca-1(high) cells generated identical daughter cells that retained their in vivo developmental potential, indicating that these cells were maintained by self-renewal. Plated at clonogenic density in Matrigel, Sca-1(high) cells formed spheroids that included luminal and myoepithelial cells. Thus, the isolated Sca-1(high) basal cells possess several features of stem/progenitor cells, including specific markers, self-renewal capacity, and the ability to generate the two major mammary lineages, luminal and myoepithelial. These data provide evidence for the existence of basal-type mouse mammary progenitors able to participate in the morphogenetic processes characteristic of mammary gland development.
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Faraldo MM, Taddei-De La Hosseraye I, Teulière J, Deugnier MA, Moumen M, Thiery JP, Glukhova MA. Développement de la glande mammaire : rôle des cellules
basales myoépithéliales. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 200:193-8. [PMID: 17151555 DOI: 10.1051/jbio:2006021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Mammary epithelium is organized as a bilayer with a layer of luminal secretory cells and a layer of basal myoepithelial cells. To dissect the specific functions of these two major compartments of the mammary epithelium in mammary morphogenesis we have used genetically modified mice carrying transgenes or conditional alleles whose expression or ablation were cell-type specific. Basal cells are located in close proximity to mammary stroma and directly interact with the extracellular matrix (basement membrane) during all their lifespan. On the contrary, luminal secretory cells during early stages of the postnatal mammary development have only limited contacts with basement membrane and become exposed to the extracellular matrix only during late developmental stages at the end of pregnancy and in lactation. Consistently perturbation of beta1-integrin function specifically in the luminal layer of the mammary epithelium, did not interfere with mammary morphogenesis until the second part of pregnancy but led to impaired secretory differentiation and lactation. On the contrary, ablation of beta1-integrin gene in the basal mammary epithelial cells resulted in a more precocious phenotype: disorganized branching in young virgin animals and a complete arrest of lobuloalveolar development. Further, a constitutive activation of beta-catenin signaling due to expression of N-terminally truncated (stabilized) beta-catenin specifically in basal myoepithelial cells resulted in accelerated differentiation of luminal secretory cells in pregnancy, precocious postlactational involution, increased angiogenesis and development of mammary tumors. Altogether these data suggest that basal mammary epithelial cells can affect growth and differentiation of luminal secretory cells, have an impact on the epithelium-stroma relationships and, thereby, play an important role in the process of mammary morphogenesis and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa M Faraldo
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris Cedex 05
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Faraldo MM, Teulière J, Deugnier MA, Taddei-De La Hosseraye I, Thiery JP, Glukhova MA. Myoepithelial cells in the control of mammary development and tumorigenesis: data from genetically modified mice. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2005; 10:211-9. [PMID: 16807801 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-005-9582-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Until recently, myoepithelial cells-the second major cell population in the mammary epithelium-were not considered to play an important role in the morphogenetic events during gland development. Mouse mutants with changes in the gene expression pattern characteristic of the basal myoepithelial cell layer have been generated and used to show that these cells influence the proliferation, survival and differentiation of luminal cells, modulate stromal-epithelial interactions and actively participate in mammary morphogenesis. Various cellular and molecular mechanisms may underlie the observed phenotypes. These include an unbalanced expression of matrix degrading metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors, leading to changes in the composition and organization of the (extracellular matrix) ECM, the production of soluble growth factors affecting stromal and epithelial cell growth and differentiation and direct signaling through cell-cell contacts between the myoepithelial and luminal cell layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa M Faraldo
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR144, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris Cedex 05, France
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Teulière J, Faraldo MM, Deugnier MA, Shtutman M, Ben-Ze'ev A, Thiery JP, Glukhova MA. Targeted activation of beta-catenin signaling in basal mammary epithelial cells affects mammary development and leads to hyperplasia. Development 2004; 132:267-77. [PMID: 15590737 DOI: 10.1242/dev.01583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the maintenance of the progenitor cell population in the skin, intestine and other tissues, and its aberrant activation caused by stabilization of beta-catenin contributes to tumorigenesis. In the mammary gland, constitutive activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in luminal secretory cells results in precocious lobuloalveolar differentiation and induces adenocarcinomas, whereas the impact of this signaling pathway on the function of the second major mammary epithelial cell lineage, the basal myoepithelial cells, has not been analyzed. We have used the keratin (K) 5 promoter to target the expression of stabilized N-terminally truncated beta-catenin to the basal cell layer of mouse mammary epithelium. The transgenic mice presented an abnormal mammary phenotype: precocious lateral bud formation, increased proliferation and premature differentiation of luminal epithelium in pregnancy, persistent proliferation in lactation and accelerated involution. Precocious development in pregnancy was accompanied by increased Myc and cyclin D1 transcript levels, and a shift in p63 variant expression towards the DeltaNp63 form. The expression of ECM-degrading proteinases and their inhibitors was altered in pregnancy and involution. Nulliparous transgenic females developed mammary hyperplasia that comprised undifferentiated basal (K5/14-positive, K8- and alpha-smooth muscle-actin-negative) cells. Multiparous mice, in addition, developed invasive basal-type carcinomas. Thus, activation of beta-catenin signaling in basal mammary epithelial cells affects the entire process of mammary gland development and induces amplification of basal-type cells that lack lineage markers, presumably, a subpopulation of mammary progenitors able to give rise to tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/metabolism
- Animals
- Blotting, Southern
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Lineage
- Cell Proliferation
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/metabolism
- DNA Primers/chemistry
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelium/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Hyperplasia/metabolism
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling
- Mammary Glands, Animal/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Phosphoproteins/genetics
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction
- Time Factors
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
- beta Catenin
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Teulière
- UMR 144 CNRS-Institut Curie, Institut Curie, Section de Recherche, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris, Cedex 05, France
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13
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Teulière J, Faraldo MM, Shtutman M, Birchmeier W, Huelsken J, Thiery JP, Glukhova MA. beta-catenin-dependent and -independent effects of DeltaN-plakoglobin on epidermal growth and differentiation. Mol Cell Biol 2004; 24:8649-61. [PMID: 15367683 PMCID: PMC516731 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.24.19.8649-8661.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Both beta-catenin and plakoglobin can stimulate the expression of Lef/Tcf target genes in vitro. beta-Catenin is known to associate with Lef/Tcf factors and to participate directly in transactivation in vivo, whereas the role of plakoglobin in transcriptional regulation has been less studied. To analyze the functions of plakoglobin in vivo, we generated transgenic mice expressing in the epidermis N-terminally truncated plakoglobin (DeltaN122-PG) lacking the glycogen synthase kinase 3beta phosphorylation sites and therefore protected against degradation (transgenic line K5-DeltaN122-PG). The expression of DeltaN122-PG led to the formation of additional hair germs, hyperplastic hair follicles, and noninvasive hair follicle tumors, a phenotype reminiscent of that induced by expression of N-terminally truncated beta-catenin. However, if expressed in beta-catenin-null epidermis, DeltaN122-PG did not induce new hair follicle germs and follicular tumors. Thus, DeltaN122-PG cannot substitute for beta-catenin in its signaling functions in vivo and the phenotype observed in K5-DeltaN122-PG mouse skin must be due to the aberrant activation of beta-catenin signaling. On the other hand, the expression of DeltaN122-PG in beta-catenin-null skin significantly increased the survival rate of mutant mice, rescued differentiation, and limited excessive proliferation in the interfollicular epidermis, suggesting that plakoglobin may be involved in the intracellular signaling events essential for epidermal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Teulière
- UMR 144 CNRS-Institut Curie, Institut Curie, Section de Recherche, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris, Cedex 05, France
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14
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Taddei I, Faraldo MM, Teulière J, Deugnier MA, Thiery JP, Glukhova MA. Integrins in mammary gland development and differentiation of mammary epithelium. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2003; 8:383-94. [PMID: 14985635 DOI: 10.1023/b:jomg.0000017426.74915.b9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are major extracellular matrix (ECM) receptors that can also serve for some cell-cell interactions. They have been identified as important regulators of mammary epithelial cell growth and differentiation. Their ability to promote cell anchorage, proliferation, survival, migration, and the induction of active ECM-degrading enzymes suggests that they play an essential role in normal mammary morphogenesis, but, on the other hand, reveals their potential to promote tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Taddei
- UMR 144 CNRS-Institut Curie, Section de Recherche, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
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15
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Deugnier MA, Teulière J, Faraldo MM, Thiery JP, Glukhova MA. The importance of being a myoepithelial cell. Breast Cancer Res 2002; 4:224-30. [PMID: 12473168 PMCID: PMC137933 DOI: 10.1186/bcr459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2002] [Revised: 07/18/2002] [Accepted: 07/25/2002] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammary myoepithelial cell was named the 'Cinderella of mammary cell biology' in light of the earlier focus on the luminal cell. Mammary myoepithelial cells have recently been described as 'natural tumour suppressors'. We now need to understand more about their origin and to reconsider their place in the complex process of mammary morphogenesis. In the present review, we discuss the lineage segregation of mammary myoepithelial cells and their functions in mammary gland development. These functions include their effects on luminal cell growth and differentiation, their key role in the establishment of the polarised mammary epithelial bilayer and the control of stromal invasion in breast cancer.
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