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Bhangoo RS, Cheng TW, Petersen MM, Thorpe CS, DeWees TA, Anderson JD, Vargas CE, Patel SH, Halyard MY, Schild SE, Wong WW. Radiation recall dermatitis: A review of the literature. Semin Oncol 2022; 49:152-159. [DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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2
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Affiliation(s)
- R. W. Bauer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808 Livermore, California 94551
| | - J. D. Anderson
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808 Livermore, California 94551
| | - S. M. Grimes
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808 Livermore, California 94551
| | - D. A. Knapp
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808 Livermore, California 94551
| | - V. A. Madsen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808 Livermore, California 94551
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3
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Hansen LF, Anderson JD, Doyas RJ, Howerton RJ, Komoto T, Logan CM, Wong C, Kammerdiener JL. Measurements and Calculations of the Neutron Spectra Emitted from Concrete Spheres Bombarded with 14-MeV Neutrons. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse74-a23461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. F. Hansen
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, P. O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. D. Anderson
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, P. O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550
| | - R. J. Doyas
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, P. O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550
| | - R. J. Howerton
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, P. O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550
| | - T. Komoto
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, P. O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550
| | - C. M. Logan
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, P. O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550
| | - C. Wong
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, P. O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550
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4
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Grimes
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
| | - J. D. Anderson
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
| | - R. W. Bauer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
| | - V. A. Madsen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- C. M. Logan
- University of California Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. D. Anderson
- University of California Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - Z. A. Munir
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
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Grimes SM, Anderson JD, Bauer RW, Madsen VA. Dependence of Neutron Total Cross Sections on Energy for 100 ≤ En ≤ 500 MeV and Mass Number for 7 ≤ A ≤ 238. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse00-a2101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Grimes
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
| | - J. D. Anderson
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
| | - R. W. Bauer
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
| | - V. A. Madsen
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
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Haight RC, Grimes SM, Anderson JD. Hydrogen and Helium Production Cross Sections for 15-MeV Neutrons on Types 316 and 304 Stainless Steel. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse77-a27027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. C. Haight
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, P. O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550
| | - S. M. Grimes
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, P. O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. D. Anderson
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, P. O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94550
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Grimes SM, Haight RC, Anderson JD. Measurement of Sub-Coulomb-Barrier Charged Particles Emitted from Aluminum and Titanium Bombarded by 15-MeV Neutrons. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse77-a26956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Grimes
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, P. O. Box 808 Livertnore, California 94550
| | - R. C. Haight
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, P. O. Box 808 Livertnore, California 94550
| | - J. D. Anderson
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, P. O. Box 808 Livertnore, California 94550
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Grimes
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
| | - J. D. Anderson
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
| | - R. W. Bauer
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
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Affiliation(s)
- K. A. Weaver
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 and Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. D. Anderson
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | | | - J. C. Davis
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
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Hansen LF, Wong C, Komoto T, Anderson JD. Measurements of the Neutron Spectra from Materials Used in Fusion Reactors and Calculations Using the ENDF/B-III and -IV Neutron Libraries. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse76-a26854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. F. Hansen
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - C. Wong
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - T. Komoto
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. D. Anderson
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550
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12
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Hansen LF, Anderson JD, Brown PS, Howerton RJ, Kammerdiener JL, Logan CM, Plechaty EF, Wong C. Measurements and Calculations of the Neutron Spectra from Iron Bombarded with 14-MeV Neutrons. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse73-a26606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. F. Hansen
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, University of California Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. D. Anderson
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, University of California Livermore, California 94550
| | - P. S. Brown
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, University of California Livermore, California 94550
| | - R. J. Howerton
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, University of California Livermore, California 94550
| | - J. L. Kammerdiener
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, University of California Livermore, California 94550
| | - C. M. Logan
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, University of California Livermore, California 94550
| | - E. F. Plechaty
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, University of California Livermore, California 94550
| | - C. Wong
- Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, University of California Livermore, California 94550
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- F. S. Dietrich
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808 Livermore, California 94551
| | - J. D. Anderson
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808 Livermore, California 94551
| | - R. W. Bauer
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808 Livermore, California 94551
| | - S. M. Grimes
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808 Livermore, California 94551
| | - D. P. McNabb
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808 Livermore, California 94551
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Anderson JD, Campbell JK, Jacobson RA, Sweetnam DN, Taylor AH, Prentice AJR, Tyler GL. Radio science with Voyager 2 at Uranus: Results on masses and densities of the planet and five principal satellites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja092ia13p14877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lindal GF, Wood GE, Levy GS, Anderson JD, Sweetnam DN, Hotz HB, Buckles BJ, Holmes DP, Doms PE, Eshleman VR, Tyler GL, Croft TA. The atmosphere of Jupiter: An analysis of the Voyager radio occultation measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja086ia10p08721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Patzold M, Andert TP, Asmar SW, Anderson JD, Barriot JP, Bird MK, Hausler B, Hahn M, Tellmann S, Sierks H, Lamy P, Weiss BP. Asteroid 21 Lutetia: Low Mass, High Density. Science 2011; 334:491-2. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1209389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Tyler GL, Sweetnam DN, Anderson JD, Campbell JK, Eshleman VR, Hinson DP, Levy GS, Lindal GF, Marouf EA, Simpson RA. Voyager 2 radio science observations of the uranian system: atmosphere, rings, and satellites. Science 2010; 233:79-84. [PMID: 17812893 DOI: 10.1126/science.233.4759.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Voyager 2 radio occultation measurements of the Uranian atmosphere were obtained between 2 and 7 degrees south latitude. Initial atmospheric temperature profiles extend from pressures of 10 to 900 millibars over a height range of about 100 kilometers. Comparison of radio and infrared results yields mole fractions near the tropopause of 0.85 and 0.15 +/- 0.05 for molecular hydrogen and helium, respectively, if no other components are present; for this composition the tropopause is at about 52 kelvins and 110 millibars. Distinctive features in the signal intensity measurements for pressures above 900 millibars strongly favor model atmospheres that include a cloud deck of methane ice. Modeling of the intensity measurements for the cloud region and below indicates that the cloud base is near 1,300 millibars and 81 kelvins and yields an initial methane mole fraction of about 0.02 for the deep atmosphere. Scintillations in signal intensity indicate small-scale stucture throughout the stratosphere and upper troposphere. As judged from data obtained during occultation ingress, the ionosphere consists of a multilayer structure that includes two distinct layers at 2,000 and 3,500 kilometers above the 100-millibar level and an extended topside that may reach altitudes of 10,000 kilometers or more. Occultation measurements of the nine previously known rings at wavelengths of 3.6 and 13 centimeters show characteristic values of optical depth between about 0.8 and 8; the maxim value occurs in the outer region of the in ring, near its periapsis. Forward-scattered signals from this ring have properties that differ from those of any of Saturn's rings, and they are inconsistent with a discrete scattering object or local (three-dimensional) assemblies of orbiting objects. These signals suggest a new kdnd of planetary ring feature characterized by highly ordered cylindrical substructures of radial scale on the order of meters and azimuthal scale of kilometers or more. From radio data alone the mass of the Uranian system is GM(sys) = 5,794,547- 60 cubic kilometers per square second; from a combination of radio and optical navigation data the mass of Uranus alone is GM(u) = 5,793,939+/- 60 cubic kilometers per square second. From all available Voyager data, induding imaging radii, the mean uncompressed density of the five major satellites is 1.40+/- 0.07 grams per cubic centimeter; this value is consistent with a solar mix of material and apparently rules out a cometary origin of the satellites.
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Mehta AM, Jordan RL, Anderson JD, Mattoo AK. Identification of a unique isoform of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase by monoclonal antibody. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 85:8810-4. [PMID: 16593998 PMCID: PMC282596 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.85.23.8810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase (EC 4.4.1.14) is a key enzyme regulating ethylene biosynthesis in higher plants. A monoclonal antibody (mAb T20C) that immunoprecipitates the ACC synthase activity from tomato pericarp tissue extracts revealed that mAb T20C immunodecorates an approximately 67-kDa polypeptide. On isoelectric focusing gels, ACC synthase activity in cell-free preparations was resolved into three distinct activity peaks with pI values 5.3, 7, and 9. mAb T20C specifically recognized the pI 7 form of the enzyme on electrophoretic transfer (Western) blots. When analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions, the eluted pI 7 form was confirmed to migrate as a polypeptide of 67 kDa. The 67-kDa pI 7 isoform is a previously undescribed form of ACC synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Mehta
- Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705
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McNabb DP, Anderson JD, Bauer RW, Dietrich FS, Grimes SM, Hagmann CA. Comparison of Ramsauer and Optical Model Neutron Angular Distributions. NUCL SCI ENG 2006. [DOI: 10.13182/nse06-a2558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. P. McNabb
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
| | - J. D. Anderson
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
| | - R. W. Bauer
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
| | - F. S. Dietrich
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
| | - S. M. Grimes
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
| | - C. A. Hagmann
- University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551
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Abstract
Females of many invertebrates contain stored sperm or fertilized eggs or both, causing potential genotyping errors. We investigated errors caused by male DNA contamination by amplifying 5 microsatellites in DNA isolated from various tissue types in the nematode Ascaris lumbricoides. We observed additional alleles in 30/135 uterus-derived samples when compared with muscle controls, resulting in 20/135 (15%) incorrect genotypes and an underestimation of inbreeding. In contrast, we observed additional alleles in only 5/143 ovary-derived samples, resulting in 4/143 (3%) incorrect genotypes and no significant influence on inbreeding estimates. Because uterus constitutes approximately 17% of a female's organ weight, a substantial proportion of samples isolated from female tissue may contain male-derived DNA. Male contamination is easily avoided when using large nematodes such as A. lumbricoides. However, we urge caution for studies using DNA isolated from small invertebrates that store sperm or fertilized eggs or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Anderson
- Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, Texas 78245-0549, USA.
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Clarke MP, Wright CM, Hrisos S, Anderson JD, Henderson J, Richardson SR. Randomised controlled trial of treatment of unilateral visual impairment detected at preschool vision screening. BMJ 2003; 327:1251. [PMID: 14644966 PMCID: PMC286242 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.327.7426.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2003] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the efficacy of treatment for unilateral visual loss detected by preschool vision screening and the extent to which effectiveness varies with initial severity. DESIGN Randomised controlled trial of full treatment with glasses and patching, if required, compared with glasses only or no treatment. Masked assessment of best corrected acuity after one year of follow up. SETTING Eight UK eye departments. PARTICIPANTS 177 children aged 3-5 years with mild to moderate unilateral impairment of acuity (6/9 to 6/36) detected by screening. RESULTS Children in the full and glasses treatment groups had incrementally better visual acuity at follow up than children who received no treatment, but the mean treatment effect between full and no treatment was equivalent to only one line on a Snellen chart (0.11 log units; 95% confidence interval 0.050 to 0.171; P < 0.0001). The effects of treatment depended on initial acuity: full treatment showed a substantial effect in the moderate acuity group (6/36 to 6/18 at recruitment) and no significant effect in the mild acuity group (6/9 to 6/12 at recruitment) (P = 0.006 for linear regression interaction term). For 64 children with moderate acuity loss the treatment effect was 0.20 log units, equivalent to one to two lines on a Snellen chart. When all children had received treatment, six months after the end of the trial, there was no significant difference in acuity between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Treatment is worth while in children with the poorest acuity, but in children with mild (6/9 to 6/12) unilateral acuity loss there was little benefit. Delay in treatment until the age of 5 did not seem to influence effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Clarke
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Neurobiology, Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle NE2 4HH.
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Anderson JD, Thåström A, Widom J. Spontaneous access of proteins to buried nucleosomal DNA target sites occurs via a mechanism that is distinct from nucleosome translocation. Mol Cell Biol 2002; 22:7147-57. [PMID: 12242292 PMCID: PMC139820 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.22.20.7147-7157.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic nucleosome dynamics termed "site exposure" provides spontaneous and cooperative access to buried regions of nucleosomal DNA in vitro. Two different mechanisms for site exposure have been proposed, one based on nucleosome translocation, the other on dynamic nucleosome conformational changes in which a stretch of the nucleosomal DNA is transiently released off the histone surface. Here we report on three experiments that distinguish between these mechanisms. One experiment investigates the effects on the accessibilities of restriction enzyme target sites inside nucleosomes when extra DNA (onto which the nucleosome may move at low energetic cost) is appended onto one end. The other two experiments test directly for nucleosome mobility under the conditions used to probe accessibility to restriction enzymes: one on a selected nonnatural nucleosome positioning sequence, the other on the well-studied 5S rRNA gene nucleosome positioning sequence. We find from all three assays that restriction enzymes gain access to sites throughout the entire length of the nucleosomal DNA without contribution from nucleosome translocation. We conclude that site exposure in nucleosomes in vitro occurs via a nucleosome conformational change that leads to transient release of a stretch of DNA from the histone surface, most likely involving progressive uncoiling from an end. Recapture at a distal site along DNA that has partially uncoiled would result in looped structures which are believed to contribute to RNA polymerase elongation and may contribute to spontaneous or ATP-driven nucleosome mobility. Transient open states may facilitate the initial entry of transcription factors and enzymes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3500, USA
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Kellersberger KA, Anderson JD, Ward SM, Krakowiak KE, Dearden DV. Encapsulation of N(2), O(2), methanol, or acetonitrile by decamethylcucurbit[5]uril(NH(4)(+))(2) complexes in the gas phase: influence of the guest on "lid" tightness. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:11316-7. [PMID: 11697985 DOI: 10.1021/ja017031u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K A Kellersberger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, C100 Benson Science Building, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602-5700, USA
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Abstract
Polypurine tracts are important elements of eukaryotic promoters. They are believed to somehow destabilize chromatin, but the mechanism of their action is not known. We show that incorporating an A(16) element at an end of the nucleosomal DNA and further inward destabilizes histone-DNA interactions by 0.1 +/- 0.03 and 0.35 +/- 0.04 kcal mol(-1), respectively, and is accompanied by 1.5- +/- 0.1-fold and 1.7- +/- 0.1-fold increases in position-averaged equilibrium accessibility of nucleosomal DNA target sites. These effects are comparable in magnitude to effects of A(16) elements that correlate with transcription in vivo, suggesting that our system may capture most of their physiological role. These results point to two distinct but interrelated models for the mechanism of action of polypurine tract promoter elements in vivo. Given a nucleosome positioned over a promoter region, the presence of a polypurine tract in that nucleosome's DNA decreases the stability of the DNA wrapping, increasing the equilibrium accessibility of other DNA target sites buried inside that nucleosome. Alternatively (if nucleosomes are freely mobile), the presence of a polypurine tract provides a free energy bias for the nucleosome to move to alternative locations, thereby changing the equilibrium accessibilities of other nearby DNA target sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology, Illinois 60208, USA
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Abstract
Posttranslational acetylation of the conserved core histone N-terminal tail domains is linked to gene activation, but the molecular mechanisms involved are not known. In an earlier study we showed that removing the tail domains altogether by trypsin proteolysis (which leaves nucleosomes nevertheless intact) leads to 1.5 to 14-fold increases in the dynamic equilibrium accessibility of nucleosomal DNA target sites. These observations suggested that, by modestly increasing the equilibrium accessibility of buried DNA target sites, histone acetylation could result in an increased occupancy by regulatory proteins, ultimately increasing the probability of transcription initiation. Here, we extend these observations to a more natural system involving intact but hyperacetylated nucleosomes. We find that histone hyperacetylation leads to 1.1 to 1.8-fold increases in position-dependent equilibrium constants for exposure of nucleosomal DNA target sites, with an average increase of 1.4(+/-0.1)-fold. The mechanistic and biological implications of these results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208-3500, USA
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Sloan JA, Tolman DE, Anderson JD, Sugar AW, Wolfaardt JF, Novotny P. Patients with reconstruction of craniofacial or intraoral defects: development of instruments to measure quality of life. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2001; 16:225-45. [PMID: 11324211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with reconstruction of craniofacial or intraoral defects experience a profound impact on their quality of life (QOL). This impact on QOL is influenced by the patients' medical conditions and the treatment interventions. Instruments to measure general QOL have been available for many years. A major criticism of QOL instruments is that too often the questions are not specific to the particular problems of a disease or condition. A search of the literature regarding QOL measurement for patients with maxillofacial implant-supported prostheses produced a short list of instruments, none of which were sufficiently developed or suited to the patients involved in reconstructive treatment. This study was designed to develop pretreatment and posttreatment questionnaires for measuring QOL for patients with reconstruction of a craniofacial defect and patients with reconstruction of loss of specific intraoral structures utilizing an implant-supported prosthesis (e.g., severe resorption of the maxilla or mandible or both). The goal was to develop brief, targeted instruments for this specific patient population. The produced instruments were sensitive and easy to administer and score, and no disruption of clinical care occurred with the administration of the questionnaires. The instruments were used with equal success both in face-to-face interviews and via mail.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Sloan
- Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
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30
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Heasley VL, Wadley BD, Alexander MD, Anderson JD, Anderson JH, Allen RT, Hernandez ML, Ismail ML, Sigmund GA, Shellhamer DF. A reinvestigation of the synthesis of Hantzsch's acid: comparison of derivatives of Hantzsch's acid with a product from the reaction of 2, 4,6-trichlorophenol and hypochlorite ion in methanol. J Org Chem 2000; 65:8111-3. [PMID: 11073632 DOI: 10.1021/jo0010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V L Heasley
- Department of Chemistry, Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego, California 92106, USA.
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Bailey BA, Apel-Birkhold PC, Akingbe OO, Ryan JL, O'Neill NR, Anderson JD. Nep1 Protein from Fusarium oxysporum Enhances Biological Control of Opium Poppy by Pleospora papaveracea. Phytopathology 2000; 90:812-818. [PMID: 18944501 DOI: 10.1094/phyto.2000.90.8.812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The fungus Pleospora papaveracea and Nep1, a phytotoxic protein from Fusarium oxysporum, were evaluated for their biocontrol potential on opium poppy (Papaver somniferum). Four treatments consisting of a control, P. papaveracea conidia, Nep1 (5 mug/ml), and P. papaveracea conidia plus Nep1 (5 mug/ml) were used in detached-leaf and whole-plant studies. Conidia of P. papaveracea remained viable for 38 days when stored at 20 or 4 degrees C. Nep1 was stable in the presence of conidia for 38 days when stored at 4 degrees C or for 28 days at 20 degrees C. The presence of Nep1 did not affect conidia germination or appressoria formation. Nep1 was recovered from drops applied to opium poppy leaves in greenhouse and field studies 24 h after treatment. Opium poppy treated with the combination of Nep1 and P. papaveracea had higher necrosis ratings than the other treatments. There were changes in the intercellular protein profiles, determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis and silver staining, due to application of treatments; the most intense occurred in response to the combination of Nep1 and P. papaveracea. The combination of Nep1 and P. papaveracea enhanced the damage caused to opium poppy more than either component alone.
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Bailey BA, Apel-Birkhold PC, O'Neill NR, Plaskowitz J, Alavi S, Jennings JC, Anderson JD. Evaluation of Infection Processes and Resulting Disease Caused by Dendryphion penicillatum and Pleospora papaveracea on Papaver somniferum. Phytopathology 2000; 90:699-709. [PMID: 18944488 DOI: 10.1094/phyto.2000.90.7.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Two pathogenic fungi of opium poppy, Pleospora papaveracea and Dendryphion penicillatum, were isolated from field material in Beltsville, MD. The processes of infection by these two fungi were studied to determine the optimal environmental conditions for infection. Both fungi formed appressoria capable of penetrating directly through the plant epidermal layer. Of the two fungi, P. papaveracea was more aggressive, causing more rapid necrosis. Appressorial formation by P. papaveracea occurred as early as 4 h after application of a conidial suspension to poppy leaves. P. papaveracea formed more appressoria than did D. penicillatum, especially at cool temperatures (7 to 13 degrees C). In greenhouse studies, P. papaveracea caused more damage to opium poppy than did D. penicillatum when applied in 10% unrefined corn oil. In the field, P. papaveracea was more consistent in its effects on opium poppy from a local seed source designated Indian Grocery. P. papaveracea caused higher disease ratings, more stem lesions, and equal or greater yield losses than did D. penicillatum on Indian Grocery. The late-maturing opium poppy variety White Cloud was severely damaged by disease, regardless of formulation or fungal treatment. P. papaveracea was the predominant fungus isolated from poppy seed capsules and the only fungus reisolated from the field the following year. These studies provide a better understanding of the infection process and the differences between these two pathogenic fungi and will be beneficial for the development of the fungi as biological control agents.
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Gross EM, Anderson JD, Slaterbeck AF, Thayumanavan S, Barlow S, Zhang Y, Marder SR, Hall HK, Nabor MF, Wang JF, Mash EA, Armstrong NR, Wightman RM. Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence from Derivatives of Aluminum Quinolate and Quinacridones: Cross-Reactions with Triarylamines Lead to Singlet Emission through Triplet−Triplet Annihilation Pathways. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja0005993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Gross
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - J. D. Anderson
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - A. F. Slaterbeck
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - S. Thayumanavan
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - S. Barlow
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - Y. Zhang
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - S. R. Marder
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - H. K. Hall
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - M. Flore Nabor
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - J.-F. Wang
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - E. A. Mash
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - N. R. Armstrong
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - R. M. Wightman
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, and University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Anderson
- Craniofacial Prosthetic Unit, Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre, Ontario, Canada
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McNabb DP, Anderson JD, Becker JA, Weiss MS. Comment on "Accelerated emission of gamma rays from the 31-yr isomer of 178Hf induced by X-Ray Irradiation". Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:2542. [PMID: 11018931 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.2542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- DP McNabb
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, California 94550, USA
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Abstract
We have previously shown that nucleosomes are conformationally dynamic: DNA sequences that in the time-average are buried inside nucleosomes are nevertheless transiently accessible, even to large proteins (or any other macromolecule). We refer to this dynamic behavior as "site exposure". Here we show that: (i) the equilibrium constants describing this dynamic site exposure decrease progressively from either end of the nucleosomal DNA in toward the middle; and (ii) these position-dependent equilibrium constants are strongly dependent on the nucleosomal DNA sequence. The progressive decrease in equilibrium constant with distance inside the nucleosome supports the hypothesis that access to sites internal to a nucleosome is provided by progressive (transient) release of DNA from the octamer surface, starting from one end of the nucleosomal DNA. The dependence on genomic DNA sequence implies that a specific genomic DNA sequence could be a major determinant of target site occupancies achieved by regulatory proteins in vivo, by either governing the time-averaged accessibility for a given nucleosome position, or biasing the time-averaged positioning (of mobile nucleosomes), which in turn is a major determinant of site accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-3500, USA
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Ross JA, Ansell I, Hjelle JT, Anderson JD, Miller-Hjelle MA, Dobbie JW. Phenotypic mapping of human mesothelial cells. Adv Perit Dial 2000; 14:25-30. [PMID: 10649685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years it has become clear that the mesothelium plays a prominent homeostatic role in the peritoneum, and can be profoundly altered in disease and during peritoneal dialysis. The cell-surface phenotype of the mesothelial cell has not been thoroughly investigated. This study begins to identify cell surface molecules which may be important in mesothelial functions such as adhesion and interaction with cells of the immune system. The expression of adhesion structures on mesothelial cells such as CD44, the beta integrin chain CD29, the beta 3 integrin chain CD61 and alpha chains CD49 alpha (alpha 1), CD49b (alpha 2), CD49c (alpha 3), CD49e (alpha 5), and CD51 (alpha v) is described. In addition, a wide range of novel molecules including CD90, CD105, CD140b, CD142, CD147, CD151, CD157, CD165, and CD166 are identified. The role and function of such molecules in mesothelial biology and their significance for peritoneal dialysis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Ross
- Molecular Immunology Group, University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Patients, their insurers, the courts, and the scientific community are demanding more evidence to support the effectiveness of health care strategies. PURPOSE This article describes evidence-based practice, its origins, and value as a way of addressing the demand for evidence of treatment effectiveness in maxillofacial prosthetics. MATERIAL AND METHODS A limited review of maxillofacial prosthetics literature was performed using Medline over the years 1966 to 1998. The retrieved articles were classified by methodologic design and assessed for the strength of their evidence. RESULTS Focused and speedy (but not necessarily comprehensive) literature searching methods are available. Critical appraisal skills are available and needed to assess the quality of evidence in support of a treatment and to maintain clinical skills. CONCLUSION With appropriate skills and the availability of literature searching hardware and software, evidence-based practice is a powerful means for the practitioner to establish the effectiveness of individual patient treatment, and to prevent the diminution of clinical skills over the course of a career. These skills should be included in training programs.
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Anderson JD. Internet outsourced application provides IT cost reduction. Health Manag Technol 1999; 20:32-3. [PMID: 10538654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
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Anderson JD. Increasing the acceptance of clinical information systems. MD Comput 1999; 16:62-5. [PMID: 10202426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J D Anderson
- Social Research Institute at Purdue University, West Lafayette, In., USA
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Abstract
Radio Doppler data from four encounters of the Galileo spacecraft with the jovian moon Europa have been used to refine models of Europa's interior. Europa is most likely differentiated into a metallic core surrounded by a rock mantle and a water ice-liquid outer shell, but the data cannot eliminate the possibility of a uniform mixture of dense silicate and metal beneath the water ice-liquid shell. The size of a metallic core is uncertain because of its unknown composition, but it could be as large as about 50 percent of Europa's radius. The thickness of Europa's outer shell of water ice-liquid must lie in the range of about 80 to 170 kilometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Anderson
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
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Anderson JD, McDonald EM, Lee PA, Anderson ML, Ritchie EL, Hall HK, Hopkins T, Mash EA, Wang J, Padias A, Thayumanavan S, Barlow S, Marder SR, Jabbour GE, Shaheen S, Kippelen B, Peyghambarian N, Wightman RM, Armstrong NR. Electrochemistry and Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Processes of the Components of Aluminum Quinolate/Triarylamine, and Related Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. J Am Chem Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ja980707+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Radio Doppler data from a single encounter (C3) of the Galileo spacecraft with Callisto, the outermost Galilean moon of Jupiter, indicated that Callisto was probably undifferentiated. Now, similar data from a second encounter (C9) corroborate this conclusion, but more accurate data from a third encounter (C10) indicate that the rock and ice within Callisto have partially, but not completely, separated. Callisto may be differentiated into a rock-metal core less than 25 percent of Callisto's radius, an outer layer of clean ice less than 350 km thick, and a middle layer of mixed rock and ice. Models in which ice and rock are mixed all the way to the center of Callisto are also consistent with the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Anderson
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109-8099, USA
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Abstract
Early reports that established the success of osseointegration and the survival of implants or prostheses measured the outcome in a number of case series studies. From the standpoint of scientific rigor, the case series design is among the weakest available. Patients have reported that they are better off basing their judgment on their own values and experiences. It is unlikely that they use implant or prosthesis survival as their only measures. This article examines the existing measures within a classification, the problems with developing relevant new measures, and reviews some desirable outcome measures attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Anderson
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Scherer K, Fichtner H, Anderson JD, Lau EL. A pulsar, the heliosphere, and pioneer 10: probable mimicking of a planet of PSR B1257+12 by solar rotation. Science 1997; 278:1919-21. [PMID: 9395388 DOI: 10.1126/science.278.5345.1919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Doppler data generated with the Pioneer 10 spacecraft's radio carrier wave between 1987 and 1995 show a 25.3-day periodicity which is related to the solar rotation. The timing data of the pulsar PSR B1257+12 also show a periodicity of 25.34 days, which has been explained as a signature of the pulsar's barycentric motion in response to the existence of a small moon-like object. However, because PSR B1257+12 is located close to the ecliptic and because the timing variations are in the range of microseconds, it is likely that the pulsar signal is affected by the same mechanism acting on the Pioneer 10 Doppler data. Hence, the hypothesized inner planet around PSR B1257+12 is probably an artifact of the heliosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Scherer
- K. Scherer, J. D. Anderson, E. L. Lau, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Mail Stop 301/230, Pasadena, CA 91119, USA. H. Fichtner, Institut fur Astrophysik und Extraterrestrische Forschung der Universitat Bonn, Auf dem Hugel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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Anderson JD. Value management: new challenges for health care informatics. Health Manag Technol 1997; 18:66. [PMID: 10170225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Abstract
Doppler data generated with the Galileo spacecraft's radio carrier wave during two Europa encounters on 19 December 1996 (E4) and 20 February 1997 (E6) were used to measure Europa's external gravitational field. The measurements indicate that Europa has a predominantly water ice-liquid outer shell about 100 to 200 kilometers thick and a deep interior with a density in excess of about 4000 kilograms per cubic meter. The deep interior could be a mixture of metal and rock or it could consist of a metal core with a radius about 40 percent of Europa's radius surrounded by a rock mantle with a density of 3000 to 3500 kilograms per cubic meter. The metallic core is favored if Europa has a magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Anderson
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA
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Abstract
Before the arrival of the Galileo spacecraft at Jupiter, models for the interior structure of the four galilean satellites--Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto-ranged from uniform mixtures of rock and ice (that is, undifferentiated objects) or rocky cores surrounded by a mantle of water ice. Now it appears that Io has a large metallic core and that Ganymede is strongly differentiated, most probably into a three-layer structure consisting of a metallic core, a silicate mantle and a deep outer layer of ice. Direct information on the interior structure of Callisto determined from previous spacecraft fly-bys was essentially limited to an estimate of the mean density being intermediate between pure ice and pure rock. Here we report measurements of Callisto's gravitational field which reveal that, in contrast to Io and Ganymede, this galilean satellite is most probably a homogeneous object consisting of a solar mixture of 40% compressed ice and 60% rock (including iron and iron sulphide). Callisto's undifferentiated state is consistent with the apparent lack of an intrinsic magnetic field, and indicates that the outermost galilean satellite has not experienced a heating phase sufficiently high to separate its rock and metal components from the lighter ices.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Anderson
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91109-8099, USA.
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Bailey BA, Jennings JC, Anderson JD. The 24-kDa protein from Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. erythroxyli: occurrence in related fungi and the effect of growth medium on its production. Can J Microbiol 1997; 43:45-55. [PMID: 9057295 DOI: 10.1139/m97-007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A 24-kDa protein that elicits ethylene production and necrosis in leaves of dicotyledonous plants was previously purified from culture filtrates of Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend:Fr. f.sp. erythroxyli. Antisera to the denatured 24-kDa protein detected 2.5 ng of the 24-kDa protein on Western blots at 100000-fold dilutions. The antisera cross-reacted with a 24-kDa protein on Western blots of culture filtrates from three other F. oxysporum formae speciales. Of seven Fusarium species, only F. oxysporum, F. acuminatum Ellis and Kellerm., and F. avenaceum (Fr.:Fr.) Sacc. isolates produced an antigenically related 24-kDa protein. Although there were differences in the profiles of proteins extracted from stems of coca (Erythroxylum coca var. coca L. Lam.) infected with F. oxysporum f.sp. erythroxyli compared with uninfected stems, antisera to the 24-kDa protein did not cross-react with any proteins from the infected coca stems. For the fungal isolates studied, the best medium tested for production of the 24-kDa protein contained 1% sucrose and 1% asparagine. Biological activity of the F. oxysporum culture filtrates on sweet basil leaves was consistently correlated with the presence of the 24-kDa protein. Production of the 24-kDa protein was limited in cultures containing pectin or cellulose as the primary carbon source, or in cultures lacking sucrose or casamino acids. Water-soluble extracts from coca stems inhibited production of the 24-kDa protein, whereas cellulose and pectin did not. Components produced by the plant may limit production of the 24-kDa protein in infected plant tissue and thereby limit the response of the plant to the fungus. These results suggest the 24-kDa protein does not function in the symptomatic phase of the F. oxysporum f.sp. erythroxylicoca disease interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Bailey
- Biocontrol of Plant Diseases Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
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