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Paisi M, Withers L, Erwin J, Horrell J, Witton R, Shawe J, Byng R. Embedding health and wellbeing opportunities for people experiencing homelessness in a wider support system. Perspect Public Health 2023; 143:126-128. [PMID: 37232254 DOI: 10.1177/17579139231157527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Paisi
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - L Withers
- Research and Community Partner, Plymouth, UK
| | - J Erwin
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - J Horrell
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - R Witton
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - J Shawe
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - R Byng
- Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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Paisi M, Wheat H, Horrell J, Jebur A, Witton R, Radford P. Interpretation is key. Br Dent J 2022; 233:442. [PMID: 36151153 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-022-5042-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Thompson TP, Horrell J, Taylor AH, Wanner A, Husk K, Wei Y, Creanor S, Kandiyali R, Neale J, Sinclair J, Nasser M, Wallace G. Physical activity and the prevention, reduction, and treatment of alcohol and other drug use across the lifespan (The PHASE review): A systematic review. Ment Health Phys Act 2020; 19:100360. [PMID: 33020704 PMCID: PMC7527800 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2020.100360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to systematically describe and quantify the effects of PA interventions on alcohol and other drug use outcomes, and to identify any apparent effect of PA dose and type, possible mechanisms of effect, and any other aspect of intervention delivery (e.g. key behaviour change processes), within a framework to inform the design and evaluation of future interventions. Systematic searches were designed to identify published and grey literature on the role of PA for reducing the risk of progression to alcohol and other drug use (PREVENTION), supporting individuals to reduce alcohol and other drug use for harm reduction (REDUCTION), and promote abstinence and relapse prevention during and after treatment of alcohol and other drug use (TREATMENT). Searches identified 49,518 records, with 49,342 excluded on title and abstract. We screened 176 full text articles from which we included 32 studies in 32 papers with quantitative results of relevance to this review. Meta-analysis of two studies showed a significant effect of PA on prevention of alcohol initiation (risk ratio [RR]: 0.72, 95%CI: 0.61 to 0.85). Meta-analysis of four studies showed no clear evidence for an effect of PA on alcohol consumption (Standardised Mean Difference [SMD]: 0.19, 95%, Confidence Interval -0.57 to 0.18). We were unable to quantitatively examine the effects of PA interventions on other drug use alone, or in combination with alcohol use, for prevention, reduction or treatment. Among the 19 treatment studies with an alcohol and other drug use outcome, there was a trend for promising short-term effect but with limited information about intervention fidelity and exercise dose, there was a moderate to high risk of bias. We identified no studies reporting the cost-effectiveness of interventions. More rigorous and well-designed research is needed. Our novel approach to the review provides a clearer guide to achieve this in future research questions addressed to inform policy and practice for different populations and settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Thompson
- Faculty of Health, Medicine, Dentistry & Human Sciences University of Plymouth, Plymouth Science Park Derriford, Plymouth, PL6 8BX, UK
| | - J Horrell
- Faculty of Health, Medicine, Dentistry & Human Sciences University of Plymouth, Plymouth Science Park Derriford, Plymouth, PL6 8BX, UK
| | - A H Taylor
- Faculty of Health, Medicine, Dentistry & Human Sciences University of Plymouth, Plymouth Science Park Derriford, Plymouth, PL6 8BX, UK
| | - A Wanner
- Faculty of Health, Medicine, Dentistry & Human Sciences University of Plymouth, Plymouth Science Park Derriford, Plymouth, PL6 8BX, UK
| | - K Husk
- Faculty of Health, Medicine, Dentistry & Human Sciences University of Plymouth, Plymouth Science Park Derriford, Plymouth, PL6 8BX, UK
| | - Y Wei
- University of Plymouth, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - S Creanor
- Faculty of Health, Medicine, Dentistry & Human Sciences University of Plymouth, Plymouth Science Park Derriford, Plymouth, PL6 8BX, UK
| | - R Kandiyali
- Bristol University, School of Social and Community Medicine, Oakfield Grove, Clifton, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - J Neale
- King's College London Addictions Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8BB, UK
| | - J Sinclair
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, 4-12 Terminus Terrace, Southampton, SO14 3DT, UK
| | - M Nasser
- Faculty of Health, Medicine, Dentistry & Human Sciences University of Plymouth, Plymouth Science Park Derriford, Plymouth, PL6 8BX, UK
| | - G Wallace
- Plymouth City Council, Public Dispensary, Catherine Street, Plymouth, PL1 2AA, UK
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