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Zdunczyk Z, Mikulski D, Jankowski J, Przybylska-Gornowicz B, Juskiewicz J. Gastrointestinal response of laying hens to graded dietary inclusion levels of yellow lupine seeds. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.114214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Zdunczyk Z, Mikulski D, Jankowski J, Przybylska-Gornowicz B, Sosnowska E, Juskiewicz J, Amarowicz R, Slominski B. Effects of dietary inclusion of high- and low-tannin faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) seeds on microbiota, histology and fermentation processes of the gastrointestinal tract in finisher turkeys. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Mikulski D, Juskiewicz J, Przybylska-Gornowicz B, Sosnowska E, Slominski BA, Jankowski J, Zdunczyk Z. The effect of dietary faba bean and non-starch polysaccharide degrading enzymes on the growth performance and gut physiology of young turkeys. Animal 2017; 11:2147-2155. [PMID: 28506328 DOI: 10.1017/s175173111700101x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary replacement of soya bean meal (SBM) with faba bean (FB) and a blend of non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) degrading enzymes on the gastrointestinal function, growth performance and welfare of young turkeys (1 to 56 days of age). An experiment with a 2×2 factorial design was performed to compare the efficacy of four diets: a SBM-based diet and a diet containing FB, with and without enzyme supplementation (C, FB, CE and FBE, respectively). In comparison with groups C, higher dry matter content and lower viscosity of the small intestinal digesta were noted in groups FB. The content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the small intestinal digesta was higher in groups FB, but SCFA concentrations in the caecal digesta were comparable in groups C and FB. In comparison with control groups, similar BW gains, higher feed conversion ratio (FCR), higher dry matter content of excreta and milder symptoms of footpad dermatitis (FPD) were noted in groups FB. Enzyme supplementation increased the concentrations of acetate, butyrate and total SCFAs, but it did not increase the SCFA pool in the caecal digesta. The enzymatic preparation significantly improved FCR, reduced excreta hydration and the severity of FPD in turkeys. It can be concluded that in comparison with the SBM-based diet, the diet containing 30% of FB enables to achieve comparable BW gains accompanied by lower feed efficiency during the first 8 weeks of rearing. Non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzymes can be used to improve the nutritional value of diets for young turkeys, but more desirable results of enzyme supplementation were noted in the SBM-based diet than in the FB-based diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mikulski
- 1Department of Poultry Science,University of Warmia and Mazury,Oczapowskiego 5,10-718 Olsztyn,Poland
| | - J Juskiewicz
- 2Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research,Polish Academy of Sciences,Tuwima 10,10-747 Olsztyn,Poland
| | - B Przybylska-Gornowicz
- 3Department of Histology and Embryology,University of Warmia and Mazury,Oczapowskiego 13,10-713 Olsztyn,Poland
| | - E Sosnowska
- 1Department of Poultry Science,University of Warmia and Mazury,Oczapowskiego 5,10-718 Olsztyn,Poland
| | - B A Slominski
- 4Department of Animal Science,University of Manitoba,Winnipeg,CanadaR3T 2N2
| | - J Jankowski
- 1Department of Poultry Science,University of Warmia and Mazury,Oczapowskiego 5,10-718 Olsztyn,Poland
| | - Z Zdunczyk
- 2Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research,Polish Academy of Sciences,Tuwima 10,10-747 Olsztyn,Poland
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Zdunczyk Z, Krawczyk M, Mikulski D, Jankowski J, Przybylska-Gornowicz B, Juskiewicz J. Beneficial effects of increasing dietary levels of yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus) seed meal on productivity parameters and gastrointestinal tract physiology in eight-week-old turkeys. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Juskiewicz J, Jankowski J, Kosmala M, Zdunczyk Z, Slominski BA, Zdunczyk P. The effects of dietary dried fruit pomaces on growth performance and gastrointestinal biochemistry of turkey poults. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 100:967-76. [PMID: 26614114 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
One-day-old female turkeys were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments and were fed for 15 weeks diets containing 5% of cellulose (control, C) or 5% of dried fruit pomaces (apple, black currant, strawberry, seedless strawberry; AP, BCP, SP, SSP respectively). In weeks 11-15 of feeding, all diets were supplemented with 2.5% of linseed oil. The crude fibre content of fruit pomaces ranged from 56.5% in AP to 62.9% in SP. In comparison with AP, berry fruit pomaces (BCP, SP and SSP) were characterised by a higher content of neutral detergent fibre - NDF (41.2% vs. 52.7-59.3%) and lignin (13.24% vs. 21.80-25.56%). A monomer analysis revealed that cellulose was the main non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) in fruit pomaces, whereas their pectin content was low. Polyphenol content was determined at below 6 g/kg in AP, at approximately 12 g/kg in BCP and SP, and at 32.8 g/kg in SSP. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in final body weight of birds. After 15 weeks of feeding fruit pomaces to turkeys, the relative weight of the small intestine with digesta was higher in group AP, and lower in group SSP, as compared to controls. Dietary fruit pomaces decreased the dry matter (DM) concentration and lowered the pH of the small intestinal digesta, except the AP and SSP treatments respectively. In the caeca, significantly reduced concentrations of ammonia or putrefactive short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) upon dietary fruit pomaces were observed. Fruit pomaces did not influence the concentrations or the total pool of short-chain fatty acids, but led to a significant increase in butyric proportion in the SCFA profile at the expense propionate.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Juskiewicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - J Jankowski
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - M Kosmala
- Institute of Chemical Technology of Food, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Z Zdunczyk
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - B A Slominski
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - P Zdunczyk
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
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Jaroslawska J, Wroblewska M, Juskiewicz J, Brzuzan L, Zdunczyk Z. Protective effects of polyphenol-rich blackcurrant preparation on biochemical and metabolic biomarkers of rats fed a diet high in fructose. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 100:136-45. [PMID: 25939288 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to compare in vivo effects of dietary supplementation with blackcurrant pomaces containing variable level of phenolic compounds on blood and internal organ parameters in rats. Forty-eight growing Wistar rats were allocated to six treatment groups in which they were fed ad libitum for 4 weeks the following diets: standard chow (group S), high-fructose diet (group F), standard chow supplemented with 7.7% of either rich in polyphenols unprocessed blackcurrant pomace (UB) or polyphenol-deprived processed pomace (PB) (groups SUB and SPB respectively), and high-fructose diet with 7.7% of either UB or PB (groups FUB and FPB respectively). Blackcurrant pomace, irrespective of its phenolic content, selectively modulated the enzymatic activity of the colon microflora, reducing the activity of enzymes with potentially harmful properties and promoting activities of enzymes that might increase the use of carbohydrates that escaped digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Although both pomaces increased antioxidant status of the liver and blood serum, the unprocessed pomace showed a greater ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation in heart and kidney than the pomace that was less abundant in polyphenols. Both of the examined pomaces had a positive influence on serum lipid profile, but better hypocholesterolemic effect was observed after supplementation of the diet with unprocessed preparation. The biochemical action of unprocessed pomace in the normalization of fructose-induced disturbances was more distinct than those of pomace remaining after extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jaroslawska
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - M Wroblewska
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - J Juskiewicz
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - L Brzuzan
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Z Zdunczyk
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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Jankowski J, Mikulski D, Zdunczyk Z, Juskiewicz J, Lichtorowicz K. Gastrointestinal tract response and growth performance of growing turkeys as influenced by the whole wheat content of diets in two feeding programmes. J Anim Feed Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/65688/2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Zdunczyk Z, Jankowski J, Rutkowski A, Sosnowska E, Drazbo A, Zdunczyk P, Juskiewicz J. The composition and enzymatic activity of gut microbiota in laying hens fed diets supplemented with blue lupine seeds. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bartkiene E, Juodeikiene G, Vidmantiene D, Zdunczyk Z, Zdunczyk P, Juskiewicz J, Cizeikiene D, Matusevicius P. Influence of diets to Wistar rats supplemented with soya, flaxseed and lupine products treated by lactofermentation to improve their gut health. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2013; 64:730-9. [PMID: 23480304 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2013.775230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study proposes the contribution of lactic acid bacteria and plants rich in bioactive substances and high-quality proteins as alternative products for human diets in improving the gut environment as potential against pathogenic bacteria. The effect of diets supplemented with soya, flaxseed and lupine flours fermented with a Pediococcus acidilactici KTU05-7 probiotic strain in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of Wistar rats were analyzed. In vivo experiments showed a positive effect of long time lactofermentation of plant material on the body weight of rats. Diets with fermented yellow lupine resulted in enhanced activities of α-glucosidase, β-galactosidases, as well as high levels of lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria and enterococci in the GIT were determined. Lactofermentation of analyzed plant products had a significantly lowering effect on Escherichia coli compared with the control group. The dominant flora of large intestines like Bifidobacterium and anaerobic cocci were found in high levels after diets with fermented lupine.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bartkiene
- Department of Food Safety and Animal Hygiene, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
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Zdunczyk Z, Jankowski J, Mikulski D, Przybylska-Gornowicz B, Sosnowska E, Juskiewicz J. Gastrointestinal morphology and function in turkeys fed diets diluted with whole grain wheat. Poult Sci 2013; 92:1799-811. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Jankowski J, Zduńczyk Z, Lichtorowicz K, Juskiewicz J. Effect of different levels of dietary sodium from sodium chloride on gastrointestinal tract response, tibia mineralization, and footpad dermatitis incidence in young turkeys. J APPL POULTRY RES 2012. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2012-00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Mikulski D, Jankowski J, Zdunczyk Z, Juskiewicz J, Slominski BA. The effect of different dietary levels of rapeseed meal on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality in turkeys. Poult Sci 2012; 91:215-23. [PMID: 22184447 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different dietary levels of low-glucosinolate rapeseed meal (RSM) on growth performance, blood thyroid hormone concentration, carcass traits, and chemical composition, physicochemical properties, and fatty acid profile of breast meat in growing turkeys. The experiment lasted for 21 wk. Large White BIG-6 turkeys were fed isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets containing 0, 60, 120, and 180 g/kg of RSM. Each experimental group was comprised of 7 replicates/pen of 28 birds each. There was no effect of graded levels of RSM on final BW. An increase in the inclusion rate of RSM was followed by a linear increase in feed conversion ratio, which was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the group fed 180 g/kg of RSM. The blood levels of free triiodothyronine decreased significantly (P < 0.05) regardless of the dietary level of RSM. No significant changes in the carcass dressing percentage or the meat fat content were observed. Significant differences were found in the fatty acid composition and physicochemical properties of breast meat. The concentrations of margaroleic acid and saturated fatty acids, including myristic and palmitic acid, in meat from male turkeys fed 120 and 180 g/kg of RSM decreased linearly; whereas the levels of oleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids, including linoleic and linolenic acid (an n-3 fatty acid), increased linearly. An increase in RSM content of the diets was accompanied by the unfavorable changes in selected functional properties of meat, including a significant increase in drip loss in groups fed 120 g/kg of RSM (from 1.85 to 2.38%) and 180 g/kg of RSM (from 1.85 to 3.02%) and a decrease in Warner-Bratzler shear force values in turkeys fed 180 g/kg of RSM (from 19.1 to 15.8 N). The results suggest that the quality of turkey meat could be affected by impaired triiodothyronine secretion caused by dietary RSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mikulski
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Jankowski J, Lecewicz A, Zdunczyk Z, Juskiewicz J, Slominski BA. The effect of partial replacement of soyabean meal with sunflower meal on ileal adaptation, nutrient utilisation and growth performance of young turkeys. Br Poult Sci 2011; 52:456-65. [PMID: 21919573 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2011.602664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
1. A 4 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was used to investigate the effect of graded levels of sunflower meal (SFM; 0, 70, 140 and 210 g/kg) and enzyme supplementation on gut morphology, nutrient utilisation and growth performance of young turkeys from 0 to 8 weeks of age. The enzyme supplement used in the study contained non-starch polysaccharide (NSP)-degrading activities and supplied 500 U pectinase, 40 U cellulase, 1600 U xylanase, 800 U glucanase, 200 U mannanase, 20 U galactanase per kg diet. 2. The use of SFM resulted in an increase in the height and width of intestinal villi, and a linear decrease in crypt depth. Dry matter digestibility and energy metabolisability decreased in groups fed diets with a moderate (140 g/kg) and high (210 g/kg) SFM content. 3. A decrease in dry matter digestibility and energy metabolisability was most likely the reason for a reduction in body weights of 8-week-old turkeys fed on diets containing 140 g/kg (from 4 x 17 to 4 x 01 kg) and 210 g/kg (from 4 x 17 to 3 x 93?kg) of SFM. 4. The addition of enzyme resulted in a slight increase in villus height, a significant increase in the number of goblet cells and an increase in digestibility coefficients for crude fat. 5. The results of this study demonstrate that turkey diets can be effectively supplemented with high-quality sunflower meal at a concentration of approximately 70 g/kg. It should be noted, however, that at 8 weeks of age the body weight of turkeys fed on diets containing 140 and 210 g/kg of SFM could be lower by 4 and 6%, respectively, than in those receiving the soyabean meal-based diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jankowski
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
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Juskiewicz J, Gruzauskas R, Zdunczyk Z, Semaskaite A, Jankowski J, Totilas Z, Jarule V, Sasyte V, Zdunczyk P, Raceviciute-Stupeliene A, Svirmickas G. Effects of dietary addition of Macleaya cordata alkaloid extract on growth performance, caecal indices and breast meat fatty acids profile in male broilers. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2011; 95:171-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01037.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zdunczyk Z, Gruzauskas R, Juskiewicz J, Semaskaite A, Jankowski J, Godycka-Klos I, Jarule V, Mieželiene A, Alencikiene G. Growth performance, gastrointestinal tract responses, and meat characteristics of broiler chickens fed a diet containing the natural alkaloid sanguinarine from Macleaya cordata. J APPL POULTRY RES 2010. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2009-00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Jankowski J, Juskiewicz J, Gulewicz K, Lecewicz A, Slominski BA, Zdunczyk Z. The effect of diets containing soybean meal, soybean protein concentrate, and soybean protein isolate of different oligosaccharide content on growth performance and gut function of young turkeys. Poult Sci 2009; 88:2132-40. [PMID: 19762867 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of diets containing soybean meal (SBM), soybean protein concentrate (SPC), and soybean protein isolate (SPI) on growth performance and gut function of the young turkey. A total of 812 one-day-old male turkey poults were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments, with 7 pens per treatment and 29 birds per pen. The 4 experimental diets contained SBM, SBM-SPC, SPC, and SPI and were fed throughout the two 4-wk experimental periods. In each period, the diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric and contained similar amounts of total and water-soluble nonstarch polysaccharides. The content of oligosaccharides differed among the diets and averaged 2.4, 1.9, 0.9, and 0.1% for SBM, SBM-SPC, SPC, and SPI, respectively. When compared with SBM, birds consuming the SBM-SPC and SPC diets had higher (P<0.05) final BW (4.32 vs. 4.45 and 4.46 kg, respectively). Incorporation of SPI as a substitute for SBM resulted in improved (P<0.05) feed utilization (from 1.76 to 1.67) but did not affect the final BW. Significant changes in cecal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids were observed and averaged 130, 103, and 89 micromol/g of digesta for the SBM, SBM-SPC, and SPC diets, respectively. This coincided with the proportional decrease in dietary oligosaccharide content (from 2.4 to 0.9%) and was further substantiated by a significant decrease in ileum weights. Feeding the SPI diet resulted in the lowest ileal and cecal tissue weights as well as the lowest cecal short-chain fatty acids concentration. There was no effect of diet on digesta pH, viscosity, and mucosal sucrase and maltase activities. Bacterial beta-glucuronidase activity was decreased (P=0.08) in the cecum (from 0.98 to 0.60 U/g) with decreased dietary oligosaccharide content. In conclusion, partial or almost complete substitution of SBM with SPC suppressed the fermentation processes in the ceca but enhanced the growth rate. Substitution of SBM with SPI significantly improved feed utilization but decreased BW of 4-wk-old turkeys with no effect on growth rate of older 8-wk-old birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jankowski
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
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Zdunczyk Z, Juskiewicz J, Jankowski J, Biedrzycka E, Koncicki A. Metabolic response of the gastrointestinal tract of turkeys to diets with different levels of mannan-oligosaccharide. Poult Sci 2005; 84:903-9. [PMID: 15971528 DOI: 10.1093/ps/84.6.903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Different levels of dietary mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) administered for 16 wk to commercial male turkeys were evaluated for their efficacy on performance and on microbial activity in the digestive tract. The following levels of MOS were used in a diet: low (0.1% during the entire study), medium (0.4 and 0.2% in the first and second 8-wk periods, respectively), and high (1.0 and 0.4% in the first and second 8-wk periods, respectively). After 16 wk of experimental feeding, the diet intake was similar in all groups examined, whereas the live BW was significantly higher in groups with medium and high levels of MOS compared with the control group and birds fed a diet containing a low level of mannan. The pH of ileal and cecal contents were unaffected by dietary treatments. The highest ammonia concentration in the cecal digesta was associated with a low dose of mannan in a diet, and the concentration was reduced to the control level when both higher doses of MOS were used. Bacterial enzyme activity remained unaffected by experimental treatments. The concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the ceca decreased with increasing amounts of MOS in a diet, especially in the case of acetate. Dietary MOS did not significantly affect the cecal populations of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. The population of cecal Escherichia coli was decreased, especially by the medium and high experimental treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zdunczyk
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Juskiewicz J, Zdunczyk Z, Wroblewska M, Oszmianski J, Hernandez T. The response of rats to feeding with diets containing grapefruit flavonoid extract. Food Res Int 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0963-9969(01)00184-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Juskiewicz J, Wróblewska M, Zhaki K, Zdunczyk Z, Hussein L. BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF FABA BEANS PROANTHOCYANIDINS. Acta Alimentaria 2001. [DOI: 10.1556/aalim.30.2001.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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