1
|
Jackson EM, Nolde JA, Kim M, Kim CS, Cleveland ER, Affouda CA, Canedy CL, Vurgaftman I, Meyer JR, Aifer EH, Lorentzen J. Two-dimensional plasmonic grating for increased quantum efficiency in midwave infrared nBn detectors with thin absorbers. Opt Express 2018; 26:13850-13864. [PMID: 29877431 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.013850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a strategy for increasing the operating temperatures of nBn midwave infrared (MWIR) focal plane arrays, based on the use of two-dimensional plasmonic gratings to enhance the quantum efficiency (QE) of structures with very thin absorbers. Reducing the absorber volume correspondingly reduces the dark current in a diffusion-limited photodiode, while light trapping mediated by the plasmonic grating increases the net absorbance to maintain high QE. The plasmonically enhanced nBn MWIR sensors with absorber thicknesses of only 0.5 μm exhibit peak internal QEs as high as 57%, which enables a 5-fold reduction in dark current. Numerical simulations indicate the potential for further improvement.
Collapse
|
2
|
Nohra R, Beyeen AD, Guo JP, Khademi M, Sundqvist E, Hedreul MT, Sellebjerg F, Smestad C, Oturai AB, Harbo HF, Wallström E, Hillert J, Alfredsson L, Kockum I, Jagodic M, Lorentzen J, Olsson T. RGMA and IL21R show association with experimental inflammation and multiple sclerosis. Genes Immun 2010; 11:279-93. [PMID: 20072140 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2009.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Rat chromosome 1 harbors overlapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) for cytokine production and experimental models of inflammatory diseases. We fine-dissected this region that regulated cytokine production, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), anti-MOG antibodies and pristane-induced arthritis (PIA) in advanced intercross lines (AILs). Analysis in the tenth and twelfth generation of AILs resolved the region in two narrow QTL, Eae30 and Eae31. Eae30 showed linkage to MOG-EAE, anti-MOG antibodies and levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6). Eae31 showed linkage to EAE, PIA, anti-MOG antibodies and levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-6. Confidence intervals defined a limited set of potential candidate genes, with the most interesting being RGMA, IL21R and IL4R. We tested the association with multiple sclerosis (MS) in a Nordic case-control material. A single nucleotide polymorphism in RGMA associated with MS in males (odds ratio (OR)=1.33). Polymorphisms of RGMA also correlated with changes in the expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and TNF in cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients. In IL21R, there was one positively associated (OR=1.14) and two protective (OR=0.87 and 0.68) haplotypes. One of the protective haplotypes correlated to lower IFN-gamma expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of MS patients. We conclude that RGMA and IL21R and their pathways are crucial in MS pathogenesis and warrant further studies as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Nohra
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Affiliation(s)
- S. Guha
- a Department of Physics and Astronomy , Arizona State University , Tempe , AZ , 85287-1504
| | - J. Lorentzen
- a Department of Physics and Astronomy , Arizona State University , Tempe , AZ , 85287-1504
| | - K. Sinha
- a Department of Physics and Astronomy , Arizona State University , Tempe , AZ , 85287-1504
| | - J. Menéndez
- a Department of Physics and Astronomy , Arizona State University , Tempe , AZ , 85287-1504
| | - G. B. Adams
- a Department of Physics and Astronomy , Arizona State University , Tempe , AZ , 85287-1504
| | - J. B. Page
- a Department of Physics and Astronomy , Arizona State University , Tempe , AZ , 85287-1504
| | - O. F. Sankey
- a Department of Physics and Astronomy , Arizona State University , Tempe , AZ , 85287-1504
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lorentzen J. Hormone replacement therapy: part 2-estrogen defined. Int J Pharm Compd 2001; 5:460-461. [PMID: 23982040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
|
5
|
Lorentzen J. Hormone replacement therapy: part 1 - the evolution of hormone treatment. Int J Pharm Compd 2001; 5:336-338. [PMID: 23981968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
|
6
|
Weissert R, Wallström E, Storch MK, Stefferl A, Lorentzen J, Lassmann H, Linington C, Olsson T. MHC haplotype-dependent regulation of MOG-induced EAE in rats. J Clin Invest 1998; 102:1265-73. [PMID: 9739061 PMCID: PMC509110 DOI: 10.1172/jci3022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced in the rat by active immunization with myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG) is mediated by synergy between MOG-specific T cells and demyelinating MOG-specific antibody responses. The resulting disease is chronic and displays demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) pathology that closely resembles multiple sclerosis. We analyzed major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype influences on this disease. The MHC haplotype does not exert an all-or-none effect on disease susceptibility. Rather, it determines the degree of disease susceptibility, recruitment of MOG-specific immunocompetent cells, clinical course, and CNS pathology in a hierarchical and allele-specific manner. Major haplotype-specific effects on MOG-EAE map to the MHC class II gene region, but this effect is modified by other MHC genes. In addition, non-MHC genes directly influence both disease and T cell functions, such as the secretion of IFN-gamma. Thus, in MOG-EAE, allelic MHC class II effects are graded, strongly modified by other MHC genes, and overcome by effects of non-MHC genes and environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Weissert
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Center of Molecular Medicine L8:04, Karolinska Hospital, S-17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Weissert R, Wallstrom E, Storch M, Stefferl A, Lorentzen J, Lassmann H, Linington C, Olsson T. MHC haplotype-dependent regulation of the clinical profile & lesional pathology of myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(98)91549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
8
|
Nyman U, Müssener A, Larsson E, Lorentzen J, Klareskog L. Amelioration of collagen II-induced arthritis in rats by the type IV phosphodiesterase inhibitor Rolipram. Clin Exp Immunol 1997; 108:415-9. [PMID: 9182885 PMCID: PMC1904682 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1997.3931291.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of Rolipram, a selective inhibitor of the cyclic AMP specific phosphodiesterase (PDE IV) was evaluated in the rat collagen type II (RCII)-induced arthritis model in the DA rat. Rolipram was given either shortly before expected onset of disease (days 10-14) or shortly after the onset of clinically evident arthritis (days 15-19 after immunization). Administration at days 10-14 delayed the onset of arthritis for approximately 5 days, but the severity of arthritis was thereafter comparable to that seen in a non-treated control group. Rolipram treatment of animals with manifest arthritis inhibited further arthritis development and also tended to diminish its severity at a phase of disease where non-treated control animals showed a rapidly progressing disease development. Serum levels of antibodies to RCII were in all experiments similar between Rolipram-treated and control animals. An in situ hybridization method for determining cytokine mRNA synthesis in regional lymph nodes, after administration of Rolipram (at days 2-7), demonstrated a strong inhibitory effect on tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) mRNA expression, whereas no effects were seen on IL-2 mRNA synthesis after in vivo challenge with native RCII emulsified in Freund's incomplete adjuvant. The results thus demonstrate strong preventive as well as therapeutic effects of Rolipram in a model for arthritis that is very similar to human rheumatoid arthritis with respect to cytokine regulation, and suggest that Rolipram has its major effects in the effector stage of the arthritogenic immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Nyman
- Department of Rheumatology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wallström E, Weissert R, Lorentzen J, Olsson T. Major histocompatibility complex haplotype RT1av1 is associated with relapsing/remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Transplant Proc 1997; 29:1686-9. [PMID: 9142233 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(97)00016-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Wallström
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lorentzen J. Identification of rat susceptibility loci for adjuvant-oil-induced arthritis. Immunol Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(97)86987-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
11
|
Abstract
Autoreactive B- as well as T-lymphocytes are often integral parts of the normal immune system and are not per se pathogenic. Also activation of these autoreactive lymphocytes may in many cases occur without ensuing pathology. In the current paper is discussed two situations whereby unspecific inflammatory stimuli in the form of immunological adjuvants may either by themselves cause arthritis, or may change a non-pathogenetic to a destructive and chronic inflammatory disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Kleinau
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lorentzen J, Andersson M, Luthman H, Olsson T. MHC influence on chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in DA rats, a model for multiple sclerosis (MS). J Neuroimmunol 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0165-5728(95)98915-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
13
|
Bakhiet M, Olsson T, Edlund C, Höjeberg B, Holmberg K, Lorentzen J, Kristensson K. A Trypanosoma brucei brucei-derived factor that triggers CD8+ lymphocytes to interferon-gamma secretion: purification, characterization and protective effects in vivo by treatment with a monoclonal antibody against the factor. Scand J Immunol 1993; 37:165-78. [PMID: 8094575 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.1993.tb01753.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A protein factor that stimulates CD8+ lymphocytes to produce and secrete IFN-gamma has been purified from Trypanosoma brucei brucei (T.b. brucei). This was accomplished by raising monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against a fraction of T.b. brucei obtained by gel filtration, which contained high levels of material inducing rat mononuclear cells (MNC) to IFN-gamma production. MoAbs from four hybridomas strongly inhibited trypanosome-induced IFN-gamma production. One of them (MO1) was used for purification of the trypanosome-derived lymphocyte triggering factor (TLTF) by affinity chromatography. SDS electrophoresis of the purified TLTF displayed a band of 42-45 kDa MW. Gel filtration of homogenates of whole parasites yielded several peaks of IFN-gamma-inducing activity with a lowest MW of 41-46 kDa. Bioactivity of all peaks was blocked by MO1, suggesting that a single molecule, or a single epitope of additional molecules, is responsible for the different peaks with IFN-gamma-inducing activity. IFN-gamma released from MNC stimulates T.b. brucei growth. Blocking of TLTF in vitro with MO1 inhibited MNC-supported growth of the parasites. To study the in vivo relevance of TLTF in the course of experimental African trypanosomiasis, MO1 was used to treat rats and mice at different times after infection. Treatments instituted at different time-points after infection suppressed parasite growth, abrogated the IFN-gamma production by splenocytes induced by the infection and prolonged survival of the animals. The data support the hypothesis that TLTF and IFN-gamma have a crucial regulatory function in the parasite-host interactions and that these molecules influence the disease course during experimental African trypanosomiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Bakhiet
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Juhlin C, Lundgren S, Johansson H, Lorentzen J, Rask L, Larsson E, Rastad J, Akerström G, Klareskog L. 500-Kilodalton calcium sensor regulating cytoplasmic Ca2+ in cytotrophoblast cells of human placenta. J Biol Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)39068-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
15
|
Juhlin C, Lundgren S, Johansson H, Lorentzen J, Rask L, Larsson E, Rastad J, Akerström G, Klareskog L. 500-Kilodalton calcium sensor regulating cytoplasmic Ca2+ in cytotrophoblast cells of human placenta. J Biol Chem 1990; 265:8275-9. [PMID: 2186039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Two monoclonal IgG antibodies E11 and G11, which react with parathyroid and kidney tubule cells, are in the present communication demonstrated to immunostain the surface of cytotrophoblast cells in human placenta. The G11 but not the E11 antibody has earlier been found to interfere with the sensing and gating of extracellular calcium in parathyroid cells. Microfluorometric measurement of the cytoplasmic calcium (Ca2+i) concentration was performed on suspended placental cells loaded with fura-2. The E11-positive placental cells displayed biphasic and parathyroid-like increases in Ca2+i in response to extracellular Ca2+. This increase was blocked by the G11 antibody and absent in the E11-negative placental cells. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was constructed in which the G11 and E11 antibodies were shown to react with the same molecule. This calcium sensor was isolated and found to consist of a single, glycosylated polypeptide of approximately 500 kDa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Juhlin
- Department of Surgery, University of Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bremmelgaard A, Stender S, Lorentzen J, Kjeldsen K. In vivo flux of plasma cholesterol into human abdominal aorta with advanced atherosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis 1986; 6:442-52. [PMID: 3729800 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.6.4.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
To measure the flux of free and esterified cholesterol from plasma into abdominal aortic tissue that had severe atherosclerotic lesions, we intravenously injected two autologous plasma samples containing radioactive cholesterol into patients scheduled for reconstructive arterial surgery. After the injections, blood samples were collected for calculation of the exposure of arterial tissue to labeled free and esterified plasma cholesterol. When tissue specimens were removed a few days after the injection, the aortic influx was determined by the simultaneous use of two differently labeled species of cholesterol. The flux of free and esterified cholesterol into 51 tissue specimens from the abdominal aorta of 12 normocholesterolemic patients was 41 +/- 3 and 45 +/- 3 nmol X cm-2 X day-1 (mean +/- SE), respectively, with 7% to 30% hydrolysis and 8% to 24% esterification of the labeled sterols in the atherosclerotic tissue. The influx was up to 100 times greater than the influx into nonatherosclerotic ascending aorta previously measured in other patients. The cholesterol content of the atherosclerotic tissue corresponded to 16 +/- 3 months (mean +/- SE) of continuous cholesteryl ester influx. Unless counteracted by cholesteryl ester efflux from the plaque, this influx provides enough cholesteryl ester from plasma to cause rapid lesion progression.
Collapse
|
17
|
Schroeder T, Christoffersen JK, Andersen J, Bille S, Gravgaard E, Kimose HH, Lorentzen J, Ostri P, Buchardt Hansen HJ. Ischemic colitis complicating reconstruction of the abdominal aorta. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1985; 160:299-303. [PMID: 3983793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A review of 23 patients with ischemic colitis after surgical treatment of the abdominal aorta disclosed a pathogenetic heterogeneous finding. Ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery, abolished collateral blood supply or nonocclusive low flow state, or both, was a common feature. An incidence of 0.5 per cent was revealed for full-thickness necrosis. The mortality was 70 per cent since diagnosis was made first since perforation and peritonitis had occurred. On the basis of these findings vital prophylactic measures and diagnostic possibilities are discussed herein.
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Fifty-one patients with fracture of the body of the talus were seen at follow-up examination an average of 23 months after treatment. Osteonecrosis had developed in 8 out of 17 patients with displaced shearing or crush fractures of the trochlea. Malunion as well as subluxation predisposed to osteoarthrosis in the subtalar and talocrural joints. Thus, osteoarthrosis was present in 9 out of 21 patients without malunion, in 8 out of 16 patients with malunion, and in 11 out of 14 with malunion as well as subluxation. Judging from the nature of the complaints, the difficulties in rehabilitation, and the disability assessment, the prognosis was fairly grave, also after the small, usually non-displaced fractures of the posterior and lateral tubercles. Out of 20 patients with fractures of this type only 6 obtained almost complete relief from their symptoms, only 8 could go back to their previous work on a full-time basis, and 11 were assessed to be 10 per cent or more disabled. Fractures in the posterior and lateral tubercles must therefore be interpreted as links in more extensive injuries involving the subtalar joint and possibly the talocrural joint with associated injuries to articular cartilage, joint capsules, and ligaments.
Collapse
|
19
|
Sneppen O, Kallehauge HE, Lorentzen J. [Knee joint replacement using Marmor or Guépar prosthesis. A follow-up study of 50 cases]. Ugeskr Laeger 1976; 138:2870-4. [PMID: 982640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
20
|
Lorentzen J. Nachtrag. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1931. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19310444305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
21
|
Tausz J, Görlacher H, Lorentzen J. Untersuchung der Explosionsvorgänge in der Explosionsbombe mittels der Braunschen Röhre. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1931. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19310443402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|