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Nations M, Romero JA, Gupta DK, Sweeney J. High-fidelity inference of local impurity profiles in C-2W using Bayesian tomography. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:113522. [PMID: 36461419 DOI: 10.1063/5.0101741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In C-2W (also called "Norman") [1], beam-driven field reversed configuration plasmas embedded in a magnetic mirror are produced and sustained in a steady state. A multi-chord passive Doppler spectroscopy diagnostic provides line-integrated impurity emission measurements near the center plane of the confinement vessel with fast time resolution. The high degree of plasma non-uniformity across optical sightlines can preclude direct fitting of the measured line-integrated spectra. To overcome this challenge, local impurity profiles are inferred using Bayesian tomography, a superior analysis technique based on a complete forward model of the diagnostic. The measured emission of O4+ triplet lines near 278.4 nm is modeled assuming two independent populations: thermal and beam ions. Gaussian processes are used to generate and infer local profiles. The inference incorporates details of the geometrical arrangement of the diagnostic, instrument function, intensity calibration, and a noise model. Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling of the posterior distribution of solutions provides high-fidelity uncertainty estimates. The reconstructed O4+ impurity profiles are consistent with data from other diagnostics and show good agreement with expected physics based on previously developed models of biasing circuit and impurity transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nations
- TAE Technologies, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
| | - J A Romero
- TAE Technologies, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
| | - D K Gupta
- TAE Technologies, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
| | - J Sweeney
- TAE Technologies, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
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Wymant C, Bezemer D, Blanquart F, Ferretti L, Gall A, Hall M, Golubchik T, Bakker M, Ong SH, Zhao L, Bonsall D, de Cesare M, MacIntyre-Cockett G, Abeler-Dörner L, Albert J, Bannert N, Fellay J, Grabowski MK, Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer B, Günthard HF, Kivelä P, Kouyos RD, Laeyendecker O, Meyer L, Porter K, Ristola M, van Sighem A, Berkhout B, Kellam P, Cornelissen M, Reiss P, Fraser C, Aubert V, Battegay M, Bernasconi E, Böni J, Braun DL, Bucher HC, Burton-Jeangros C, Calmy A, Cavassini M, Dollenmaier G, Egger M, Elzi L, Fehr J, Fellay J, Furrer H, Fux CA, Gorgievski M, Günthard H, Haerry D, Hasse B, Hirsch HH, Hoffmann M, Hösli I, Kahlert C, Kaiser L, Keiser O, Klimkait T, Kouyos R, Kovari H, Ledergerber B, Martinetti G, de Tejada BM, Marzolini C, Metzner K, Müller N, Nadal D, Nicca D, Pantaleo G, Rauch A, Regenass S, Rudin C, Schöni-Affolter F, Schmid P, Speck R, Stöckle M, Tarr P, Trkola A, Vernazza P, Weber R, Yerly S, van der Valk M, Geerlings SE, Goorhuis A, Hovius JW, Lempkes B, Nellen FJB, van der Poll T, Prins JM, Reiss P, van Vugt M, Wiersinga WJ, Wit FWMN, van Duinen M, van Eden J, Hazenberg A, van Hes AMH, Rajamanoharan S, Robinson T, Taylor B, Brewer C, Mayr C, Schmidt W, Speidel A, Strohbach F, Arastéh K, Cordes C, Pijnappel FJJ, Stündel M, Claus J, Baumgarten A, Carganico A, Ingiliz P, Dupke S, Freiwald M, Rausch M, Moll A, Schleehauf D, Smalhout SY, Hintsche B, Klausen G, Jessen H, Jessen A, Köppe S, Kreckel P, Schranz D, Fischer K, Schulbin H, Speer M, Weijsenfeld AM, Glaunsinger T, Wicke T, Bieniek B, Hillenbrand H, Schlote F, Lauenroth-Mai E, Schuler C, Schürmann D, Wesselmann H, Brockmeyer N, Jurriaans S, Gehring P, Schmalöer D, Hower M, Spornraft-Ragaller P, Häussinger D, Reuter S, Esser S, Markus R, Kreft B, Berzow D, Back NKT, Christl A, Meyer A, Plettenberg A, Stoehr A, Graefe K, Lorenzen T, Adam A, Schewe K, Weitner L, Fenske S, Zaaijer HL, Hansen S, Stellbrink HJ, Wiemer D, Hertling S, Schmidt R, Arbter P, Claus B, Galle P, Jäger H, Jä Gel-Guedes E, Berkhout B, Postel N, Fröschl M, Spinner C, Bogner J, Salzberger B, Schölmerich J, Audebert F, Marquardt T, Schaffert A, Schnaitmann E, Cornelissen MTE, Trein A, Frietsch B, Müller M, Ulmer A, Detering-Hübner B, Kern P, Schubert F, Dehn G, Schreiber M, Güler C, Schinkel CJ, Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer B, Schmidt D, Meixenberger K, Bannert N, Wolthers KC, Peters EJG, van Agtmael MA, Autar RS, Bomers M, Sigaloff KCE, Heitmuller M, Laan LM, Ang CW, van Houdt R, Jonges M, Kuijpers TW, Pajkrt D, Scherpbier HJ, de Boer C, van der Plas A, van den Berge M, Stegeman A, Baas S, Hage de Looff L, Buiting A, Reuwer A, Veenemans J, Wintermans B, Pronk MJH, Ammerlaan HSM, van den Bersselaar DNJ, de Munnik ES, Deiman B, Jansz AR, Scharnhorst V, Tjhie J, Wegdam MCA, van Eeden A, Nellen J, Brokking W, Elsenburg LJM, Nobel H, van Kasteren MEE, Berrevoets MAH, Brouwer AE, Adams A, van Erve R, de Kruijf-van de Wiel BAFM, Keelan-Phaf S, van de Ven B, van der Ven B, Buiting AGM, Murck JL, de Vries-Sluijs TEMS, Bax HI, van Gorp ECM, de Jong-Peltenburg NC, de Mendonç A Melo M, van Nood E, Nouwen JL, Rijnders BJA, Rokx C, Schurink CAM, Slobbe L, Verbon A, Bassant N, van Beek JEA, Vriesde M, van Zonneveld LM, de Groot J, Boucher CAB, Koopmans MPG, van Kampen JJA, Fraaij PLA, van Rossum AMC, Vermont CL, van der Knaap LC, Visser E, Branger J, Douma RA, Cents-Bosma AS, Duijf-van de Ven CJHM, Schippers EF, van Nieuwkoop C, van Ijperen JM, Geilings J, van der Hut G, van Burgel ND, Leyten EMS, Gelinck LBS, Mollema F, Davids-Veldhuis S, Tearno C, Wildenbeest GS, Heikens E, Groeneveld PHP, Bouwhuis JW, Lammers AJJ, Kraan S, van Hulzen AGW, Kruiper MSM, van der Bliek GL, Bor PCJ, Debast SB, Wagenvoort GHJ, Kroon FP, de Boer MGJ, Jolink H, Lambregts MMC, Roukens AHE, Scheper H, Dorama W, van Holten N, Claas ECJ, Wessels E, den Hollander JG, El Moussaoui R, Pogany K, Brouwer CJ, Smit JV, Struik-Kalkman D, van Niekerk T, Pontesilli O, Lowe SH, Oude Lashof AML, Posthouwer D, van Wolfswinkel ME, Ackens RP, Burgers K, Schippers J, Weijenberg-Maes B, van Loo IHM, Havenith TRA, van Vonderen MGA, Kampschreur LM, Faber S, Steeman-Bouma R, Al Moujahid A, Kootstra GJ, Delsing CE, van der Burg-van de Plas M, Scheiberlich L, Kortmann W, van Twillert G, Renckens R, Ruiter-Pronk D, van Truijen-Oud FA, Cohen Stuart JWT, Jansen ER, Hoogewerf M, Rozemeijer W, van der Reijden WA, Sinnige JC, Brinkman K, van den Berk GEL, Blok WL, Lettinga KD, de Regt M, Schouten WEM, Stalenhoef JE, Veenstra J, Vrouenraets SME, Blaauw H, Geerders GF, Kleene MJ, Kok M, Knapen M, van der Meché IB, Mulder-Seeleman E, Toonen AJM, Wijnands S, Wttewaal E, Kwa D, van Crevel R, van Aerde K, Dofferhoff ASM, Henriet SSV, Ter Hofstede HJM, Hoogerwerf J, Keuter M, Richel O, Albers M, Grintjes-Huisman KJT, de Haan M, Marneef M, Strik-Albers R, Rahamat-Langendoen J, Stelma FF, Burger D, Gisolf EH, Hassing RJ, Claassen M, Ter Beest G, van Bentum PHM, Langebeek N, Tiemessen R, Swanink CMA, van Lelyveld SFL, Soetekouw R, van der Prijt LMM, van der Swaluw J, Bermon N, van der Reijden WA, Jansen R, Herpers BL, Veenendaal D, Verhagen DWM, Lauw FN, van Broekhuizen MC, van Wijk M, Bierman WFW, Bakker M, Kleinnijenhuis J, Kloeze E, Middel A, Postma DF, Schölvinck EH, Stienstra Y, Verhage AR, Wouthuyzen-Bakker M, Boonstra A, de Groot-de Jonge H, van der Meulen PA, de Weerd DA, Niesters HGM, van Leer-Buter CC, Knoester M, Hoepelman AIM, Arends JE, Barth RE, Bruns AHW, Ellerbroek PM, Mudrikova T, Oosterheert JJ, Schadd EM, van Welzen BJ, Aarsman K, Griffioen-van Santen BMG, de Kroon I, van Berkel M, van Rooijen CSAM, Schuurman R, Verduyn-Lunel F, Wensing AMJ, Bont LJ, Geelen SPM, Loeffen YGT, Wolfs TFW, Nauta N, Rooijakkers EOW, Holtsema H, Voigt R, van de Wetering D, Alberto A, van der Meer I, Rosingh A, Halaby T, Zaheri S, Boyd AC, Bezemer DO, van Sighem AI, Smit C, Hillebregt M, de Jong A, Woudstra T, Bergsma D, Meijering R, van de Sande L, Rutkens T, van der Vliet S, de Groot L, van den Akker M, Bakker Y, El Berkaoui A, Bezemer M, Brétin N, Djoechro E, Groters M, Kruijne E, Lelivelt KJ, Lodewijk C, Lucas E, Munjishvili L, Paling F, Peeck B, Ree C, Regtop R, Ruijs Y, Schoorl M, Schnörr P, Scheigrond A, Tuijn E, Veenenberg L, Visser KM, Witte EC, Ruijs Y, Van Frankenhuijsen M, Allegre T, Makhloufi D, Livrozet JM, Chiarello P, Godinot M, Brunel-Dalmas F, Gibert S, Trepo C, Peyramond D, Miailhes P, Koffi J, Thoirain V, Brochier C, Baudry T, Pailhes S, Lafeuillade A, Philip G, Hittinger G, Assi A, Lambry V, Rosenthal E, Naqvi A, Dunais B, Cua E, Pradier C, Durant J, Joulie A, Quinsat D, Tempesta S, Ravaux I, Martin IP, Faucher O, Cloarec N, Champagne H, Pichancourt G, Morlat P, Pistone T, Bonnet F, Mercie P, Faure I, Hessamfar M, Malvy D, Lacoste D, Pertusa MC, Vandenhende MA, Bernard N, Paccalin F, Martell C, Roger-Schmelz J, Receveur MC, Duffau P, Dondia D, Ribeiro E, Caltado S, Neau D, Dupont M, Dutronc H, Dauchy F, Cazanave C, Vareil MO, Wirth G, Le Puil S, Pellegrin JL, Raymond I, Viallard JF, Chaigne de Lalande S, Garipuy D, Delobel P, Obadia M, Cuzin L, Alvarez M, Biezunski N, Porte L, Massip P, Debard A, Balsarin F, Lagarrigue M, Prevoteau du Clary F, Aquilina C, Reynes J, Baillat V, Merle C, Lemoing V, Atoui N, Makinson A, Jacquet JM, Psomas C, Tramoni C, Aumaitre H, Saada M, Medus M, Malet M, Eden A, Neuville S, Ferreyra M, Sotto A, Barbuat C, Rouanet I, Leureillard D, Mauboussin JM, Lechiche C, Donsesco R, Cabie A, Abel S, Pierre-Francois S, Batala AS, Cerland C, Rangom C, Theresine N, Hoen B, Lamaury I, Fabre I, Schepers K, Curlier E, Ouissa R, Gaud C, Ricaud C, Rodet R, Wartel G, Sautron C, Beck-Wirth G, Michel C, Beck C, Halna JM, Kowalczyk J, Benomar M, Drobacheff-Thiebaut C, Chirouze C, Faucher JF, Parcelier F, Foltzer A, Haffner-Mauvais C, Hustache Mathieu M, Proust A, Piroth L, Chavanet P, Duong M, Buisson M, Waldner A, Mahy S, Gohier S, Croisier D, May T, Delestan M, Andre M, Zadeh MM, Martinot M, Rosolen B, Pachart A, Martha B, Jeunet N, Rey D, Cheneau C, Partisani M, Priester M, Bernard-Henry C, Batard ML, Fischer P, Berger JL, Kmiec I, Robineau O, Huleux T, Ajana F, Alcaraz I, Allienne C, Baclet V, Meybeck A, Valette M, Viget N, Aissi E, Biekre R, Cornavin P, Merrien D, Seghezzi JC, Machado M, Diab G, Raffi F, Bonnet B, Allavena C, Grossi O, Reliquet V, Billaud E, Brunet C, Bouchez S, Morineau-Le Houssine P, Sauser F, Boutoille D, Besnier M, Hue H, Hall N, Brosseau D, Souala F, Michelet C, Tattevin P, Arvieux C, Revest M, Leroy H, Chapplain JM, Dupont M, Fily F, Patra-Delo S, Lefeuvre C, Bernard L, Bastides F, Nau P, Verdon R, de la Blanchardiere A, Martin A, Feret P, Geffray L, Daniel C, Rohan J, Fialaire P, Chennebault JM, Rabier V, Abgueguen P, Rehaiem S, Luycx O, Niault M, Moreau P, Poinsignon Y, Goussef M, Mouton-Rioux V, Houlbert D, Alvarez-Huve S, Barbe F, Haret S, Perre P, Leantez-Nainville S, Esnault JL, Guimard T, Suaud I, Girard JJ, Simonet V, Debab Y, Schmit JL, Jacomet C, Weinberck P, Genet C, Pinet P, Ducroix S, Durox H, Denes É, Abraham B, Gourdon F, Antoniotti O, Molina JM, Ferret S, Lascoux-Combe C, Lafaurie M, Colin de Verdiere N, Ponscarme D, De Castro N, Aslan A, Rozenbaum W, Pintado C, Clavel F, Taulera O, Gatey C, Munier AL, Gazaigne S, Penot P, Conort G, Lerolle N, Leplatois A, Balausine S, Delgado J, Timsit J, Tabet M, Gerard L, Girard PM, Picard O, Tredup J, Bollens D, Valin N, Campa P, Bottero J, Lefebvre B, Tourneur M, Fonquernie L, Wemmert C, Lagneau JL, Yazdanpanah Y, Phung B, Pinto A, Vallois D, Cabras O, Louni F, Pialoux G, Lyavanc T, Berrebi V, Chas J, Lenagat S, Rami A, Diemer M, Parrinello M, Depond A, Salmon D, Guillevin L, Tahi T, Belarbi L, Loulergue P, Zak Dit Zbar O, Launay O, Silbermann B, Leport C, Alagna L, Pietri MP, Simon A, Bonmarchand M, Amirat N, Pichon F, Kirstetter M, Katlama C, Valantin MA, Tubiana R, Caby F, Schneider L, Ktorza N, Calin R, Merlet A, Ben Abdallah S, Weiss L, Buisson M, Batisse D, Karmochine M, Pavie J, Minozzi C, Jayle D, Castel P, Derouineau J, Kousignan P, Eliazevitch M, Pierre I, Collias L, Viard JP, Gilquin J, Sobel A, Slama L, Ghosn J, Hadacek B, Thu-Huyn N, Nait-Ighil L, Cros A, Maignan A, Duvivier C, Consigny PH, Lanternier F, Shoai-Tehrani M, Touam F, Jerbi S, Bodard L, Jung C, Goujard C, Quertainmont Y, Duracinsky M, Segeral O, Blanc A, Peretti D, Cheret A, Chantalat C, Dulucq MJ, Levy Y, Lelievre JD, Lascaux AS, Dumont C, Boue F, Chambrin V, Abgrall S, Kansau I, Raho-Moussa M, De Truchis P, Dinh A, Davido B, Marigot D, Berthe H, Devidas A, Chevojon P, Chabrol A, Agher N, Lemercier Y, Chaix F, Turpault I, Bouchaud O, Honore P, Rouveix E, Reimann E, Belan AG, Godin Collet C, Souak S, Mortier E, Bloch M, Simonpoli AM, Manceron V, Cahitte I, Hiraux E, Lafon E, Cordonnier F, Zeng AF, Zucman D, Majerholc C, Bornarel D, Uludag A, Gellen-Dautremer J, Lefort A, Bazin C, Daneluzzi V, Gerbe J, Jeantils V, Coupard M, Patey O, Bantsimba J, Delllion S, Paz PC, Cazenave B, Richier L, Garrait V, Delacroix I, Elharrar B, Vittecoq D, Bolliot C, Lepretre A, Genet P, Masse V, Perrone V, Boussard JL, Chardon P, Froguel E, Simon P, Tassi S, Avettand Fenoel V, Barin F, Bourgeois C, Cardon F, Chaix ML, Delfraissy JF, Essat A, Fischer H, Lecuroux C, Meyer L, Petrov-Sanchez V, Rouzioux C, Saez-Cirion A, Seng R, Kuldanek K, Mullaney S, Young C, Zucchetti A, Bevan MA, McKernan S, Wandolo E, Richardson C, Youssef E, Green P, Faulkner S, Faville R, Herman S, Care C, Blackman H, Bellenger K, Fairbrother K, Phillips A, Babiker A, Delpech V, Fidler S, Clarke M, Fox J, Gilson R, Goldberg D, Hawkins D, Johnson A, Johnson M, McLean K, Nastouli E, Post F, Kennedy N, Pritchard J, Andrady U, Rajda N, Donnelly C, McKernan S, Drake S, Gilleran G, White D, Ross J, Harding J, Faville R, Sweeney J, Flegg P, Toomer S, Wilding H, Woodward R, Dean G, Richardson C, Perry N, Gompels M, Jennings L, Bansaal D, Browing M, Connolly L, Stanley B, Estreich S, Magdy A, O'Mahony C, Fraser P, Jebakumar SPR, David L, Mette R, Summerfield H, Evans M, White C, Robertson R, Lean C, Morris S, Winter A, Faulkner S, Goorney B, Howard L, Fairley I, Stemp C, Short L, Gomez M, Young F, Roberts M, Green S, Sivakumar K, Minton J, Siminoni A, Calderwood J, Greenhough D, DeSouza C, Muthern L, Orkin C, Murphy S, Truvedi M, McLean K, Hawkins D, Higgs C, Moyes A, Antonucci S, McCormack S, Lynn W, Bevan M, Fox J, Teague A, Anderson J, Mguni S, Post F, Campbell L, Mazhude C, Russell H, Gilson R, Carrick G, Ainsworth J, Waters A, Byrne P, Johnson M, Fidler S, Kuldanek K, Mullaney S, Lawlor V, Melville R, Sukthankar A, Thorpe S, Murphy C, Wilkins E, Ahmad S, Green P, Tayal S, Ong E, Meaden J, Riddell L, Loay D, Peacock K, Blackman H, Harindra V, Saeed AM, Allen S, Natarajan U, Williams O, Lacey H, Care C, Bowman C, Herman S, Devendra SV, Wither J, Bridgwood A, Singh G, Bushby S, Kellock D, Young S, Rooney G, Snart B, Currie J, Fitzgerald M, Arumainayyagam J, Chandramani S. A highly virulent variant of HIV-1 circulating in the Netherlands. Science 2022; 375:540-545. [PMID: 35113714 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk1688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We discovered a highly virulent variant of subtype-B HIV-1 in the Netherlands. One hundred nine individuals with this variant had a 0.54 to 0.74 log10 increase (i.e., a ~3.5-fold to 5.5-fold increase) in viral load compared with, and exhibited CD4 cell decline twice as fast as, 6604 individuals with other subtype-B strains. Without treatment, advanced HIV-CD4 cell counts below 350 cells per cubic millimeter, with long-term clinical consequences-is expected to be reached, on average, 9 months after diagnosis for individuals in their thirties with this variant. Age, sex, suspected mode of transmission, and place of birth for the aforementioned 109 individuals were typical for HIV-positive people in the Netherlands, which suggests that the increased virulence is attributable to the viral strain. Genetic sequence analysis suggests that this variant arose in the 1990s from de novo mutation, not recombination, with increased transmissibility and an unfamiliar molecular mechanism of virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Wymant
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - François Blanquart
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Luca Ferretti
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Astrid Gall
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew Hall
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tanya Golubchik
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Margreet Bakker
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Swee Hoe Ong
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lele Zhao
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David Bonsall
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mariateresa de Cesare
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - George MacIntyre-Cockett
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lucie Abeler-Dörner
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jan Albert
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Norbert Bannert
- Division for HIV and Other Retroviruses, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jacques Fellay
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Precision Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Kate Grabowski
- Department of Pathology, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Huldrych F Günthard
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pia Kivelä
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roger D Kouyos
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Laurence Meyer
- INSERM CESP U1018, Université Paris Saclay, APHP, Service de Santé Publique, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Kholoud Porter
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Matti Ristola
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Ben Berkhout
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Paul Kellam
- Kymab Ltd., Cambridge, UK.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marion Cornelissen
- Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peter Reiss
- Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Global Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Christophe Fraser
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Nations M, Gupta D, Sweeney J, Frausto L, Tobin M. Publisher's Note: "Measurements of impurity ion temperature and velocity distributions via active charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy in C-2W" [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 92, 053512 (2021)]. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:069901. [PMID: 34243518 DOI: 10.1063/5.0056405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Nations
- TAE Technologies, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
| | - D Gupta
- TAE Technologies, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
| | - J Sweeney
- TAE Technologies, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
| | - L Frausto
- TAE Technologies, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
| | - M Tobin
- TAE Technologies, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
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Nations M, Gupta D, Sweeney J, Frausto L, Tobin M. Measurements of impurity ion temperature and velocity distributions via active charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy in C-2W. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:053512. [PMID: 34243240 DOI: 10.1063/5.0043838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In TAE Technologies' C-2W experiment, electrode biasing is utilized for boundary control of a field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasma embedded in a magnetic mirror. Understanding the underlying physics associated with FRC rotation, stabilization, and heating is crucial for improving machine performance. Impurity ion rotation and temperature are sensitive to biasing effects, and measurements of these quantities can provide insight into important plasma dynamics and overall effectiveness of the biasing system. To this end, a charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy (ChERS) diagnostic was developed and deployed to measure local impurity ion temperature and velocity in the confinement vessel of C-2W. The system utilizes a new diagnostic neutral beam (40 keV, 8.5 A) and a fiber-coupled spectrometer with an image-intensified high-speed camera to measure beam-induced spectral line emission at multiple lines-of-sight. Design details and the first experimental results obtained with this new diagnostic are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nations
- TAE Technologies, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
| | - D Gupta
- TAE Technologies, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
| | - J Sweeney
- TAE Technologies, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
| | - L Frausto
- TAE Technologies, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
| | - M Tobin
- TAE Technologies, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
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Granstedt EM, Gupta D, Sweeney J, Tobin M, Dikovsky M. Comprehensive imaging of C-2W plasmas: Instruments and applications. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:043515. [PMID: 34243377 DOI: 10.1063/5.0043778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The C-2W device ("Norman") [Gota et al., Nucl. Fusion 59, 112009 (2019)] has produced and sustained beam-driven field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasmas embedded in a magnetic mirror geometry using neutral beams and end-bias electrodes located in expander divertors. Several discrete vessels comprise this device, and many imaging instruments are required in order to view the plasma throughout. To meet this need, a suite of spatially and radiometrically calibrated, high-speed camera systems have been deployed. Besides global visualization of the plasma evolution and macro-stability, this imaging suite has been used in a variety of applications. One example application is a tomographic reconstruction of passive impurity emission. Calculation of the magnetic field in the equilibrium vessel is complicated by eddy currents in conducting structures and internal currents in the high-β FRC plasma. In addition, thus far non-perturbative measurements of internal field have not been available. The tomographic reconstruction of O4+ impurity emission enables an independent visualization of the plasma geometry, serving as a check on magnetic modeling and indirect evidence for field reversal within the FRC. A second application uses the cameras to view the Balmer-α emission throughout the plasma in order to estimate the ionization rate in each region. These rates can then be incorporated into particle balance calculations and a circuit model for currents from the end-bias electrodes. Finally, arcing on the electrode surfaces is identified through automated image processing of carefully selected spectral line emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Granstedt
- TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA
| | - D Gupta
- TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA
| | - J Sweeney
- TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA
| | - M Tobin
- TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA
| | - M Dikovsky
- Google, Inc., 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, California 94043, USA
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Rooney M, Curley C, Sweeney J, Griffin M, Porter R, Hill E, Katz L. Prolonged oral coenzyme Q10-β-cyclodextrin supplementation increases skeletal muscle complex I+III activity in young Thoroughbreds. Journal of Applied Animal Nutrition 2020. [DOI: 10.3920/jaan2019.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). Decreased skeletal muscle CoQ10 content may result in decreased ETC activity and energy production. This study tested the hypotheses that supplementation with oral CoQ10 will increase plasma CoQ10 concentrations and that prolonged supplementation will increase skeletal muscle CoQ10 content in young, healthy untrained Thoroughbreds. Nineteen Thoroughbreds (27.5±9.7 months old; 11 males, eight females) from one farm and maintained on a grass pasture with one grain meal per day were supplemented daily with 1.5 mg/kg body weight of an oral CoQ10-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. Whole-blood and skeletal muscle biopsies were collected before (T0) and after (T1) nine weeks of supplementation. Plasma CoQ10 concentrations were determined via high-performance liquid chromatography. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial ETC combined complex I+III enzyme activity (indirect measurement of CoQ10 content) was assessed spectrophotometrically and normalised to mitochondrial abundance. Horses accepted supplementation with no adverse effects. Plasma CoQ10 concentration increased in all horses following supplementation, with mean plasma CoQ10 concentration significantly increasing from T0 to T1 (0.13±0.02 vs 0.25±0.03 μg/ml; mean difference 0.12±0.03; P=0.004). However, variability in absorbance resulted in a 58% response rate (i.e. doubling of T1 above T0 values). The mean skeletal muscle complex I+III activity significantly increased from T0 to T1 (0.36±0.04 vs 0.59±0.05 pmol/min/mg of muscle, mean difference 0.23±0.05; P=0.0004), although T1 values for three out of 19 horses decreased on average by 23% below T0 values. In conclusion, oral supplementation with CoQ10 in the diet of young, healthy untrained Thoroughbreds increased mean plasma CoQ10 concentration by 99% with prolonged daily supplementation increasing mean skeletal muscle complex I+III activity by 65%. Additional research is warranted investigating training and exercise effects on skeletal muscle CoQ10 content in CoQ10 supplemented and un-supplemented Thoroughbreds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.F. Rooney
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, DO2R590, Ireland
| | - C.E. Curley
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, DO2R590, Ireland
| | - J. Sweeney
- RCSI Division of Population Health Sciences, RCSI, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - M.E. Griffin
- Plusvital Ltd, The Highline, Pottery Road, Dun Laoghaire, Co. Dublin, A96 KW29, Ireland
| | - R.K. Porter
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, DO2R590, Ireland
| | - E.W. Hill
- Plusvital Ltd, The Highline, Pottery Road, Dun Laoghaire, Co. Dublin, A96 KW29, Ireland
| | - L.M. Katz
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Modzelewski T, Kis B, Choi J, Sweeney J, Biebel B, Parikh N, El-Haddad G, Ahmed A. Abstract No. 409 Survival and hepatic biochemical toxicities in patients treated with hepatic Yttrium-90 radioembolization for renal cell carcinoma metastases to the liver. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Agasthi P, Mookadam F, Venepally NR, Wang P, Khetarpal BK, Sweeney J, Eleid M, Pollak P, Fortuin FD, Holmes DR, Arsanjani R. P339 Gradient adjusted cardiac power index does not improve prediction of survival post transcatheter aortic valve replacement compared to cardiac power index alone. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
None
Background
Cardiac Power Index (CPI) is an integrative hemodynamic measure of cardiac pumping capability and is the product of the simultaneously measured mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiac output (CO). In patients with aortic stenosis (AS), MAP is not reflective of mean systolic left ventricular (LV) pressure due to the transvalvular gradient. Non-invasive assessment of mean systolic LV pressure is challenging in severe aortic stenosis. CPI assessed using systemic MAP was previously shown to predict survival post transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).
Purpose
We evaluated the utility of a gradient adjusted CPI in predicting survival post TAVR compared to CPI alone
Methods
A retrospective study was performed including patients undergoing TAVR with 1 year follow-up. Baseline demographics, clinical, and echocardiographic data were abstracted from a cohort of 1,011 patients. CPI was calculated, (CO x MAP)/ (451 x BSA) Watts/m2. Gradient adjusted CPI was calculated using an augmented MAP i) adding aortic valve mean gradient(AVMG) to systolic blood pressure (CPI1); ii) adding aortic valve maximal instantaneous gradient to systolic blood pressure (CPI2) and iii) adding AVMG to MAP (CPI3). Patient survival score was calculated using a step up technique to identify the cut off value for CPI and gradient adjusted CPI to identify, where the maximum difference in mortality occurred. Multivariate cox-regression analysis was performed to adjust for baseline covariates. Receiver operator curves(ROC) for CPI and gradient adjusted CPI were calculated to predict survival post TAVR.
Results
The mortality rate at 1 yr was 16%. Mean age and AVMG of survivors was 81 +/- 9 yrs and 43 +/-14 mmHg vs 80 +/-9 yrs and 42 +/- 13 mmHg in the deceased group. Proportion of female patients was similar in both groups (p = 0.7). Patients in the deceased group at baseline had a higher prevalence of chronic lung disease, atrial fibrillation, heart failure within 2-weeks of procedure, higher STS-PROM score, lower serum albumin level, higher prevalence of moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation, higher right ventricular systolic pressure and higher prevalence of dialysis. Both CPI and gradient adjusted CPI were independently associated with survival at 1 year. The area under ROC for CP, CP1, CP2 and CP3 were 0.67 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62 - 0.72), 0.65 (95% CI 0.60 – 0.70), 0.66 (95% CI 0.61 – 0.71) and 0.63 (95% CI 0.58 – 0.68) respectively.
Conclusion
Gradient adjusted CPI did not improve accuracy of predicting post TAVR survival at 1 year compared to CPI alone.
Abstract P339 Figure. Area under ROC
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Affiliation(s)
- P Agasthi
- Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - F Mookadam
- Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, United States of America
| | | | - P Wang
- Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, United States of America
| | | | - J Sweeney
- Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - M Eleid
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - P Pollak
- Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, United States of America
| | - F D Fortuin
- Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - D R Holmes
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - R Arsanjani
- Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, United States of America
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Roca M, Jung A, Galambo F, Sweeney J, Choi J, Biebel B, Kis B, Parikh N, Spiess P, El-Haddad G. 03:18 PM Abstract No. 85 Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation vs. cryoablation for treatment of renal tumors: a single-center experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Pedapati E, Mooney L, Wu S, Sweeney J, Erickson C, Gilbert D. Motor Cortex Facilitation: An inattention marker in ADHD co-occurrence in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Rojas-Bracho L, Gulland FMD, Smith CR, Taylor B, Wells RS, Thomas PO, Bauer B, Heide-Jørgensen MP, Teilmann J, Dietz R, Balle JD, Jensen MV, Sinding MHS, Jaramillo-Legorreta A, Abel G, Read AJ, Westgate AJ, Colegrove K, Gomez F, Martz K, Rebolledo R, Ridgway S, Rowles T, van Elk CE, Boehm J, Cardenas-Hinojosa G, Constandse R, Nieto-Garcia E, Phillips W, Sabio D, Sanchez R, Sweeney J, Townsend F, Vivanco J, Vivanco JC, Walker S. A field effort to capture critically endangered vaquitas Phocoena sinus for protection from entanglement in illegal gillnets. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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McGivney CL, Sweeney J, Gough KF, Hill EW, Katz LM. Serial evaluation of resting and exercising overground endoscopic examination results in young Thoroughbreds with no treatment intervention. Equine Vet J 2018; 51:192-197. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. L. McGivney
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science University College Dublin Belfield, Dublin Ireland
| | - J. Sweeney
- UCD School of Business University College Dublin Belfield, Dublin Ireland
| | - K. F. Gough
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science University College Dublin Belfield, Dublin Ireland
| | - E. W. Hill
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science University College Dublin Belfield, Dublin Ireland
| | - L. M. Katz
- UCD, School of Veterinary Medicine University College Dublin Belfield, Dublin Ireland
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McGivney CL, Sweeney J, Gough KF, Hill EW, Katz LM. Impact of pharyngeal endoscopic tip placement and water flushing interval on upper respiratory tract disorders in horses undergoing overground endoscopy. Equine Vet J 2018; 51:173-178. [PMID: 29981190 DOI: 10.1111/evj.12991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic tip placement in the pharynx and water flushing interval (FI) may affect exercising upper respiratory tract (URT) endoscopic results. OBJECTIVES To determine associations between the endoscopic tip position in the pharynx and automated FI with overground endoscopic (OGE) results. STUDY DESIGN Randomised balanced 2X5 factorial design. METHODS A total of n = 200 horses undergoing OGE were randomly assigned into 10 groups (n = 20/group) of different automated endoscopic FIs (no flushing, 60, 120, 180, 240 s) with the endoscope tip positioned either rostrally (position A) or caudally (position B) in the pharynx. Endoscopic videos were analysed and all URT abnormalities graded using published scales. Disorders with ≤10% prevalence were excluded from the final analysis with only arytenoid asymmetry at exercise (AAex), vocal fold collapse (VFC), palatal dysfunction (PD) and medial deviation of the aryepiglottic folds (MDAF) included. The association of endoscope position and FI with URT disorders was assessed using ordinal regression models with P≤0.05 significant. RESULTS Endoscope tip positioning was significantly associated with PD grading (P = 0.002), with 63/100 horses diagnosed with PD in position A and 45/100 in position B. No other significant direct associations between URT disease and endoscope tip position were identified, although interactions between exercise velocity and endoscope position affected MDAF grade. FI was not directly associated with alterations in disorder grading, although interactions between exercise velocity and FI appeared to affect MDAF grade. MAIN LIMITATIONS The same horse was not evaluated under each test condition potentially resulting in sample bias. Interactions between disorders were not evaluated. The sample size was insufficient to conclusively explore relationships between all factors and disorder grading. CONCLUSIONS Position of the endoscope tip within the pharynx appears to affect grading of PD during OGE examination. Exercise velocity may affect MDAF grade through interactions with endoscope position and FI.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L McGivney
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Sweeney
- UCD School of Business, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K F Gough
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E W Hill
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - L M Katz
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Mills M, Choi J, El-Haddad G, Sweeney J, Biebel B, Robinson L, Antonia S, Kumar A, Kis B. Retrospective analysis of technical success rate and procedure-related complications of 867 percutaneous CT-guided needle biopsies of lung lesions. Clin Radiol 2017; 72:1038-1046. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Sweeney J, Spencer PE, Vgenopoulos D, Babenko M, Boutenel F, Caton-Rose P, Coates PD. Application of activated barrier hopping theory to viscoplastic modeling of glassy polymers. Mech Time Depend Mater 2017; 22:145-165. [PMID: 29962897 PMCID: PMC6003397 DOI: 10.1007/s11043-017-9369-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An established statistical mechanical theory of amorphous polymer deformation has been incorporated as a plastic mechanism into a constitutive model and applied to a range of polymer mechanical deformations. The temperature and rate dependence of the tensile yield of PVC, as reported in early studies, has been modeled to high levels of accuracy. Tensile experiments on PET reported here are analyzed similarly and good accuracy is also achieved. The frequently observed increase in the gradient of the plot of yield stress against logarithm of strain rate is an inherent feature of the constitutive model. The form of temperature dependence of the yield that is predicted by the model is found to give an accurate representation. The constitutive model is developed in two-dimensional form and implemented as a user-defined subroutine in the finite element package ABAQUS. This analysis is applied to the tensile experiments on PET, in some of which strain is localized in the form of shear bands and necks. These deformations are modeled with partial success, though adiabatic heating of the instability causes inaccuracies for this isothermal implementation of the model. The plastic mechanism has advantages over the Eyring process, is equally tractable, and presents no particular difficulties in implementation with finite elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Sweeney
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP UK
| | - P. E. Spencer
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP UK
| | - D. Vgenopoulos
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP UK
| | - M. Babenko
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP UK
| | - F. Boutenel
- Institut Clement Ader (ICA); Universite de Toulouse; CNRS, IMT Mines Albi, INSA, ISAE-SUPAERO, UPS; Campus Jarlard, F-81013 Albi, France
| | - P. Caton-Rose
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP UK
| | - P. D. Coates
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP UK
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Sorrentino S, Baber U, Chandrasekhar Y, Zhen G, Sartori S, Kovacic J, Moreno P, Barman N, Sweeney J, Vijay P, Giustino G, Dangas G, Mehran R, Kini A, Sharma S. P1389Impact of peripheral arterial disease on provision of discharge pharmacotherapy and longitudinal outcomes in patients with stable angina undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p1389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of severe asthma may include high dose systemic-steroid therapy which is associated with substantial additional morbidity. This study estimates the additional healthcare costs associated with steroid-induced morbidity by comparing three patients groups: those with severe asthma, moderate asthma and no asthma. METHODS Patients with severe asthma (n = 808, GINA step 5 treatment) were matched by age and gender with patients with mild/moderate asthma (n = 3,975, GINA step 2 and 3 treatment) and a non-asthma control cohort (with a diagnosis of rhinitis; n = 2,412) from the Optimum Patient Care Research Database (OPCRD), a nationally representative primary care database. Prescribed drugs and publicly funded healthcare activity were monetised and annual costs per patient estimated. Regression analyses were used to estimate the additional healthcare cost associated with steroid-induced morbidity. RESULTS Average healthcare costs per person per year range from £2603 - £4533 for the severe asthma cohort, to £978 - £2072 for the mild/moderate asthma cohort, to £560 - £1324 for the non-asthma control cohort, depending on the costing scenario. Differences in induced morbidity costs were evident between patients with asthma differentiated by steroid exposure. In relation to prescription drugs used to treat steroid-induced co-morbidities, females with severe asthma and high steroid exposure cost approximately £789 more per year than a corresponding female with no asthma, while males cost approximately £744 more than their counterparts with no asthma. Estimates were extrapolated to all healthcare costs. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first robust estimates of the additional cost of healthcare related to steroid-induced morbidity relative to patients with no steroid exposure. The study will help inform use of steroid-sparing strategies in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Barry
- National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.,Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - J Sweeney
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - C O'Neill
- National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.,Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, Belfast, UK
| | - D Price
- Academic Primary Care, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - L G Heaney
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
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McGivney CL, Sweeney J, David F, O'Leary JM, Hill EW, Katz LM. Intra- and interobserver reliability estimates for identification and grading of upper respiratory tract abnormalities recorded in horses at rest and during overground endoscopy. Equine Vet J 2016; 49:433-437. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. L. McGivney
- School of Agriculture and Food Science; University College Dublin; Belfield, Dublin Ireland
| | - J. Sweeney
- School of Business; University College Dublin; Belfield, Dublin Ireland
| | - F. David
- Bjerke Dyrehospital En Rikstotoklinikk; Økern Torgv; Oslo Norway
| | - J. M. O'Leary
- School of Veterinary Medicine; University College Dublin; Belfield, Dublin Ireland
| | - E. W. Hill
- School of Agriculture and Food Science; University College Dublin; Belfield, Dublin Ireland
| | - L. M. Katz
- School of Veterinary Medicine; University College Dublin; Belfield, Dublin Ireland
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Mohammadi H, Abuodeh Y, Jin W, Frakes J, Friedman M, Biebel B, Choi J, El-Haddad G, Kis B, Sweeney J, Kim R, Pimiento J, Malafa M, Anaya D, Hoffe S. Using the ALBI Grade as a Prognostic Marker for Radioembolization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Ioannides P, Abuodeh Y, Jin W, Hoffe S, Frakes J, Kim R, Choi J, El-Hadda G, Biebel B, Kis B, Sweeney J, Friedman M, Kothari N, Anaya D, Latifi K. Impact of Sarcopenia Evaluated Using the Total Psoas Area (TPA) in Patient Undergoing Y-90 Radioembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Malone C, Nester C, Madigan N, Hoffschmidt S, Zink T, Torres K, Sweeney J, O'Connor M. C-52Memory for Remote News Events and Self-Perceptions of Memory Ability. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw043.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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22
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Barry L, Sweeney J, O’Neill C, Patterson C, Price D, Heaney L. P158 The cost of steroid induced morbidity among severe asthma patients in the UK: Abstract P158 Table 1. Thorax 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207770.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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23
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Hochberger W, Hill S, Nelson C, Pearlson G, Keshavan M, Tamminga C, Sweeney J, Reilly J. A-38Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis Converge on a Unitary Construct Underlying BACS Performance Across Psychotic Disorders, Their First-Degree Relatives, and Healthy Volunteers. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Sweeney J, Laoire FO, Linehan G, Herlihy D. A Review of Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing in Over 65's in Livinghealth Clinic. Ir Med J 2015; 108:180-181. [PMID: 26182803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) are areas of growing importance and concern. Optimising drug prescribing in older people is challenging and complex at,the individual GP level. At a national level it is an important public health issue for the care and management of the ageing Irish population. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of PIP in Livinghealth Clinic using the STOPP (Screening Tool for Older Persons' Prescribing) criteria and to identify areas of PIP. LHC audits demonstrated PIP levels of between 16% and 29%. Our findings were similar to other studies in that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) at maximum therapeutic dosage for >8 weeks, and long acting benzodiazepines prescribed for > 1 month, continue to be significant areas of PIP. However, not all identified PIP maybe inappropriate. The STOPP criteria are a useful screening tool for older persons' prescribing, but are best used together with clinical assessment and discretion.
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Shah J, Choi J, El-Haddad G, Sweeney J, Biebel B, Kim R, Springett G, Malafa M, Hoffe S, Shridhar R, Kis B. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma treated with transarterial yttrium-90 radioembolization - the Moffitt experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2014.12.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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26
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Kis B, Duprey R, El-Haddad G, Sweeney J, Biebel B, Kim R, Choi J. Partial splenic artery embolization in cancer patients with thrombocytopenia - the Moffitt experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2014.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Brice H, Farrant J, Fowler S, Holmes L, Tang J, Washbourne C, Piec I, Fraser W, Sweeney J, Heaney L, Niven R. P236 Relationship Between Bone Mineral Density And Bone Turnover Markers In Severe Asthma Patients On Systemic Corticosteroids. Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Sweeney J, McHugh S, Perry IJ. Implementation and evaluation of a clinical data management programme in a primary care centre. Ir Med J 2014; 107:323-326. [PMID: 25556259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Electronic health records (EHR)support clinical management, administration, quality assurance, research, and service planning. The aim of this study was to evaluate a clinical data management programme to improve consistency, completeness and accuracy of EHR information in a large primary care centre with 10 General Practitioners (GPs). A Clinical Data Manager was appointed to implement a Data Management Strategy which involved coding consultations using ICPC-2 coding, tailored support and ongoing individualised feedback to clinicians. Over an eighteen month period there were improvements in engagement with and level of coding. Prior to implementation (August 2011) 4 of the 10 GPs engaged in regular coding and 69% of their consultation notes were coded. After 12 months, all 10 GPs and 6 nurses were ICPC-2 coding their consultations and monthly coding levels had increased to 98%. This structured Data Management Strategy provides a feasible sustainable way to improve information management in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sweeney
- Livinghealth Clinic Primary Care Centre, Mitchelstown, Co Cork.
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Sweeney J, Bonner M, Ward I. Modelling of loading, stress relaxation and stress recovery in a shape memory polymer. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2014; 37:12-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Robeck TR, Montano GA, Steinman KJ, Smolensky P, Sweeney J, Osborn S, O'Brien JK. Development and evaluation of deep intra-uterine artificial insemination using cryopreserved sexed spermatozoa in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 139:168-81. [PMID: 23660366 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Since its development in bottlenose dolphins, widespread application of AI with sex-selected, frozen-thawed (FT) spermatozoa has been limited by the significant expense of the sorting process. Reducing the total number of progressively motile sperm (PMS) required for an AI would reduce the sorting cost. As such, this research compared the efficacy of small-dose deep uterine AI with sexed FT spermatozoa (SEXED-SMALL; ~50×10(6)PMS, n=20), to a moderate dose deposited mid-horn (SEXED-STD, ~200×10(6)PMS; n=20), and a large dose of FT non-sexed spermatozoa deposited in the uterine body (NONSEXED-LARGE, 660×10(6)PMS, n=9). Ten of the 11 calves resulting from use of sexed spermatozoa were of the predetermined sex. Similar rates of conception (NONSEXED-LARGE: 78%, SEXED-STD: 60%, SEXED-SMALL: 57%) and total pregnancy loss (TPL: NONSEXED-LARGE: 28.6%; SEXED-STD: 41.0%; SEXED-SMALL: 63.6%) were observed across groups, but early pregnancy loss (EPL, <day 120 post-conception) was greater (P=0.04) for SEXED-SMALL (54.5%) compared to NONSEXED-LARGE (0%). Animals experiencing EPL were older (31.3 y, P=0.007) than those that calved (21.4y) or did not conceive (19.4y). After excluding females ≥25y, SEXED-SMALL (15.4%) had a tendency for having reduced calving rates compared to NONSEXED-LARGE (50.0%; P=0.08), while SEXED-STD did not differ (40.0%, 4/10; P=0.341). Current findings indicate that acceptable conception and calving rates using sexed FT spermatozoa are achieved after mid-horn deposition of 200×10(6) PMS, when used with females aged less than 25 y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd R Robeck
- SeaWorld and Busch Gardens Reproductive Research Center, SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment, San Diego, CA 92109, USA.
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O'Neill S, Sweeney J, Neill CO, Brightling C, Menzies-Gow A, Niven R, Chaudrai R, Bucknall C, Mansur A, Patterson C. S64 The Cost of Refractory Asthma in the UK - a Preliminary Analysis. Thorax 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202678.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Hudson
- Cardiovascular & Gastrointestinal Innovative Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca
| | - J. Sweeney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Huddersfield
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Phillips M, Hesketh L, Hughes S, Lazaro N, Sweeney J. Increasing HIV testing in non-genitourinary settings: a follow-up study in general practice and a new study in a hospital setting. Int J STD AIDS 2012; 23:302-3. [DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2012.011447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Phillips
- Department of Virology, Royal Preston Hospital
| | - L Hesketh
- Department of Virology, Royal Preston Hospital
| | - S Hughes
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - N Lazaro
- Department of GU Medicine, Royal Preston Hospital, Preston, UK
| | - J Sweeney
- Department of GU Medicine, Royal Preston Hospital, Preston, UK
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Sweeney J, Brightling CE, Menzies-Gow A, Niven RM, Heaney LG. S81 Refractory asthma in the UK: a follow-up analysis. Thorax 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201054b.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sweeney J, Marley AM, Patterson C, Heaney LG. S11 Inappropriate prescribing of combination inhalers in asthma in Northern Ireland (NI). Thorax 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201054b.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Sweeney J. 4170 ORAL The Smart Route to a NICE Future; Introducing a Smartcard for Patients at Risk of Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression Has the Potential to Improve Quality of Life and Save up to £17.5 Million Nationally. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)71336-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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37
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Rudin CM, Jimeno A, Miller WH, Eigl BJ, Gettinger SN, Chang ALS, Faia K, Sweeney J, Loewen G, Ross RW, Weiss GJ. A phase I study of IPI-926, a novel hedgehog pathway inhibitor, in patients (pts) with advanced or metastatic solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.3014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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38
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Sweeney J, Naz S, Coates PD. Modeling the tensile behavior of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene with a novel flow rule. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Sweeney J, Sardari A, Arslan B. Abstract No. 309: Technique of creating a “Y”-shaped internal biliary stent system using a vascular reentry device in the setting of hilar biliary obstruction. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2011.01.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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40
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Lencer R, Keedy S, Reilly J, Sprenger A, Sweeney J. Altered feed-forward transfer of visual motion information to association cortex in psychotic disorders: implications for visual tracking. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1272777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sardari A, Sweeney J, Biebel B, Choi J, Shridhar R, Arslan B. Abstract No. 209: Radiation related computed tomographic benign findings after radioembolization with Yttrium-90. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2011.01.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Shridhar R, Arslan B, Biebel B, Choi J, Sweeney J, Forster K, Hoffe S. Treatment Planning and Daily Image-guidance Optimization for Liver Radiotherapy with Intrahepatic Arterial Injection of Ethiodol Prior to Simulation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
It is recognized that young people experience difficulties in accessing mainstream mental health services particularly because of the stigma that remains associated with mental health problems. One potential solution is to use the many websites available offering information and support for mental health problems, such support and information could be offered by Psychiatric Nurses. However, young peoples' usage and views on using the Internet for this purpose has yet to be examined. This quantitative descriptive study aimed to elicit the views of 922 University students, aged between 18 and 24 years, on using the Internet for mental health information and support. Data were collected using a 30-item self-designed questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics. The findings indicated that 72.4% of participants used the Internet several times a day. In addition, 30.8% had previously searched for mental health information online, predominantly on depression. While it was found that 68% of participants indicated that they would use the Internet for mental health support if they needed to, 79.4% would still prefer face to face support. It is concluded that young people are willing to use the Internet for mental health information and that it represents a viable source of support for this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Horgan
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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Sashkin N, Sweeney J, Dirling L, Moore C, Koch R, Walker R, Meshul C. P2.013 Enriched environment partially reverses dopamine cell loss following MPTP in mice. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(09)70364-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Walker R, Sweeney J, Koch R, Moore C, Meshul C. P2.059 Effects of subthalamic nucleus lesions and short-term stimulation upon striatal glutamate levels in awake intact and 6-hydroxy/dopamine-lesioned rats. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(09)70410-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Khoo
- Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wigan WN1 2NN, UK.
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Astolfi L, De Vico Fallani F, Cincotti F, Mattia D, Marciani MG, Salinari S, Sweeney J, Miller GA, He B, Babiloni F. Estimation of effective and functional cortical connectivity from neuroelectric and hemodynamic recordings. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2008; 17:224-33. [PMID: 19273037 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2008.2010472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, different linear and nonlinear methodologies for the estimation of cortical connectivity from neuroelectric and hemodynamic measurements are reviewed and applied on common data set in order to highlight similarities and differences in the results. Different effective and functional connectivity methods were applied to motor and cognitive data sets, including structural equation modeling (SEM), directed transfer function (DTF), partial directed coherence (PDC), and direct directed transfer function (dDTF). Comparisons were made between the results in order to understand if, for a same dataset, effective and functional connectivity estimators can return the same cortical connectivity patterns. An application of a nonlinear method [phase synchronization index (PSI)] to similar executed and imagined movements was also reviewed. Connectivity patterns estimated with the use of the neuroelectric information and of the information from the multimodal integration of neuroelectric and hemodynamic data were also compared. Results suggests that the estimation of the cortical connectivity patterns performed with the linear methods (SEM, DTF, PDC, dDTF) or with the nonlinear method (PSI) on movement related potentials returned similar cortical networks. Differences in cortical connectivity were noted between the patterns estimated with the use of multimodal integration and those estimated by using only the neuroelectric data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Astolfi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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