1
|
Wolffenbuttel BHR, Slagter SN, van Waateringe RP, van Beek AP, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, van der Klauw MM. Unfavourable blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol levels in obese non-diabetic individuals. Neth J Med 2017; 75:399-411. [PMID: 29219813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis and treatment of high blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol is important to reduce cardiovascular risk. We compared BP and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) as well as the quality of treatment between obese subjects and normal weight and overweight individuals. METHODS 87,648 participants of the Lifelines study were categorised according to obesity (normal weight/ overweight/obesity) and age. Mean systolic BP and LDL-C were calculated depending on treatment, BMI, age and sex. RESULTS In all age groups, except those aged 70-80 years, women had a significantly lower BP than men. Use of BP-lowering medication did not result in BP levels comparable with non-users, except in those aged 70-80 years. Despite medication, the BP was insufficiently controlled in 20-50% of participants. BP was significantly higher in obese vs. normal weight and overweight individuals of all ages, but most apparently in men younger than 50 years. Mean LDL-C varied between 2.5- .0 mmol/l. Despite higher statin use, obese participants had a higher LDL-C than those with a normal weight. Statins abolished the age-dependent LDL-C increase. Many participants did not achieve target LDL-C < 2.5 mmol/l. A small percentage of individuals treated with BP-lowering drugs were also using statins (overall 32% in men, 17% in women). CONCLUSION Obese individuals, especially men younger than 50, have a higher BP and LDL-C compared with those with overweight and a normal weight. Use of BP-lowering drugs did not revert the BP back to levels normal for the specific age and BMI group, whereas statins abolished the age-related increase in LDL-C. These data suggest that more attention is needed for active screening and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B H R Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nies VJM, Struik D, Wolfs MGM, Rensen SS, Szalowska E, Unmehopa UA, Fluiter K, van der Meer TP, Hajmousa G, Buurman WA, Greve JW, Rezaee F, Shiri-Sverdlov R, Vonk RJ, Swaab DF, Wolffenbuttel BHR, Jonker JW, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV. TUB gene expression in hypothalamus and adipose tissue and its association with obesity in humans. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 42:376-383. [PMID: 28852204 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Mutations in the Tubby gene (TUB) cause late-onset obesity and insulin resistance in mice and syndromic obesity in humans. Although TUB gene function has not yet been fully elucidated, studies in rodents indicate that TUB is involved in the hypothalamic pathways regulating food intake and adiposity. Aside from the function in central nervous system, TUB has also been implicated in energy metabolism in adipose tissue in rodents. We aimed to determine the expression and distribution patterns of TUB in man as well as its potential association with obesity. SUBJECTS/METHODS In situ hybridization was used to localize the hypothalamic regions and cells expressing TUB mRNA. Using RT-PCR, we determined the mRNA expression level of the two TUB gene alternative splicing isoforms, the short and the long transcript variants, in the hypothalami of 12 obese and 12 normal-weight subjects, and in biopsies from visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissues from 53 severely obese and 24 non-obese control subjects, and correlated TUB expression with parameters of obesity and metabolic health. RESULTS Expression of both TUB transcripts was detected in the hypothalamus, whereas only the short TUB isoform was found in both VAT and SAT. TUB mRNA was detected in several hypothalamic regions involved in body weight regulation, including the nucleus basalis of Meynert and the paraventricular, supraoptic and tuberomammillary nuclei. We found no difference in the hypothalamic TUB expression between obese and control groups, whereas the level of TUB mRNA was significantly lower in adipose tissue of obese subjects as compared to controls. Also, TUB expression was negatively correlated with indices of body weight and obesity in a fat-depot-specific manner. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate high expression of TUB in the hypothalamus, especially in areas involved in body weight regulation, and the correlation between TUB expression in adipose tissue and obesity. These findings suggest a role for TUB in human obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V J M Nies
- Section of Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - D Struik
- Section of Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M G M Wolfs
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S S Rensen
- Department of General Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - E Szalowska
- Centre for Medical Biomics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - U A Unmehopa
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Fluiter
- Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T P van der Meer
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - G Hajmousa
- Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Department Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - W A Buurman
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J W Greve
- Department of Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Center Heerlen; Dutch Obesity Clinic South, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - F Rezaee
- Centre for Medical Biomics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R Shiri-Sverdlov
- Departments of Molecular Genetics, School of Nutrition & Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R J Vonk
- Centre for Medical Biomics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - D F Swaab
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B H R Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J W Jonker
- Section of Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, den Hoed M, Luan J, Zhao JH, Ong KK, van der Most PJ, Wong A, Hardy R, Kuh D, van der Klauw MM, Bruinenberg M, Khaw KT, Wolffenbuttel BHR, Wareham NJ, Snieder H, Loos RJF. Pleiotropic effects of obesity-susceptibility loci on metabolic traits: a meta-analysis of up to 37,874 individuals. Diabetologia 2013; 56:2134-46. [PMID: 23827965 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-2985-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Genetic pleiotropy may contribute to the clustering of obesity and metabolic conditions. We assessed whether genetic variants that are robustly associated with BMI and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) also influence metabolic and cardiovascular traits, independently of obesity-related traits, in meta-analyses of up to 37,874 individuals from six European population-based studies. METHODS We examined associations of 32 BMI and 14 WHR loci, individually and combined in two genetic predisposition scores (GPSs), with glycaemic traits, blood lipids and BP, with and without adjusting for BMI and/or WHR. RESULTS We observed significant associations of BMI-increasing alleles at five BMI loci with lower levels of 2 h glucose (RBJ [also known as DNAJC27], QPTCL: effect sizes -0.068 and -0.107 SD, respectively), HDL-cholesterol (SLC39A8: -0.065 SD, MTCH2: -0.039 SD), and diastolic BP (SLC39A8: -0.069 SD), and higher and lower levels of LDL- and total cholesterol (QPTCL: 0.041 and 0.042 SDs, respectively, FLJ35779 [also known as POC5]: -0.042 and -0.041 SDs, respectively) (all p < 2.4 × 10(-4)), independent of BMI. The WHR-increasing alleles at two WHR loci were significantly associated with higher proinsulin (GRB14: 0.069 SD) and lower fasting glucose levels (CPEB4: -0.049 SD), independent of BMI and WHR. A higher GPS-BMI was associated with lower systolic BP (-0.005 SD), diastolic BP (-0.006 SD) and 2 h glucose (-0.013 SD), while a higher GPS-WHR was associated with lower HDL-cholesterol (-0.015 SD) and higher triacylglycerol levels (0.014 SD) (all p < 2.9 × 10(-3)), independent of BMI and/or WHR. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These pleiotropic effects of obesity-susceptibility loci provide novel insights into mechanisms that link obesity with metabolic abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Reiling E, Jafar-Mohammadi B, van ’t Riet E, Weedon MN, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Hansen T, Saxena R, van Haeften TW, Arp PA, Das S, Nijpels G, Groenewoud MJ, van Hove EC, Uitterlinden AG, Smit JWA, Morris AD, Doney ASF, Palmer CNA, Guiducci C, Hattersley AT, Frayling TM, Pedersen O, Slagboom PE, Altshuler DM, Groop L, Romijn JA, Maassen JA, Hofker MH, Dekker JM, McCarthy MI, ’t Hart LM. Genetic association analysis of LARS2 with type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2010; 53:103-10. [PMID: 19847392 PMCID: PMC2789927 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-009-1557-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS LARS2 has been previously identified as a potential type 2 diabetes susceptibility gene through the low-frequency H324Q (rs71645922) variant (minor allele frequency [MAF] 3.0%). However, this association did not achieve genome-wide levels of significance. The aim of this study was to establish the true contribution of this variant and common variants in LARS2 (MAF > 5%) to type 2 diabetes risk. METHODS We combined genome-wide association data (n = 10,128) from the DIAGRAM consortium with independent data derived from a tagging single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) approach in Dutch individuals (n = 999) and took forward two SNPs of interest to replication in up to 11,163 Dutch participants (rs17637703 and rs952621). In addition, because inspection of genome-wide association study data identified a cluster of low-frequency variants with evidence of type 2 diabetes association, we attempted replication of rs9825041 (a proxy for this group) and the previously identified H324Q variant in up to 35,715 participants of European descent. RESULTS No association between the common SNPs in LARS2 and type 2 diabetes was found. Our replication studies for the two low-frequency variants, rs9825041 and H324Q, failed to confirm an association with type 2 diabetes in Dutch, Scandinavian and UK samples (OR 1.03 [95% CI 0.95-1.12], p = 0.45, n = 31,962 and OR 0.99 [0.90-1.08], p = 0.78, n = 35,715 respectively). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION In this study, the largest study examining the role of sequence variants in LARS2 in type 2 diabetes susceptibility, we found no evidence to support previous data indicating a role in type 2 diabetes susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. Reiling
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - B. Jafar-Mohammadi
- Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E. van ’t Riet
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M. N. Weedon
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, UK
- Diabetes Genetics Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - J. V. van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Molecular Genetics, Medical Biology Section, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - T. Hansen
- Steno Diabetes Center and Hagedorn Research Institute, Gentofte, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - R. Saxena
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - T. W. van Haeften
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - P. A. Arp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S. Das
- Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - G. Nijpels
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of General Practice, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M. J. Groenewoud
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - E. C. van Hove
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - A. G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J. W. A. Smit
- Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - A. D. Morris
- Diabetes Research Group, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - A. S. F. Doney
- Diabetes Research Group, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - C. N. A. Palmer
- Diabetes Research Group, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - C. Guiducci
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - A. T. Hattersley
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, UK
- Diabetes Genetics Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - T. M. Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, UK
- Diabetes Genetics Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - O. Pedersen
- Steno Diabetes Center and Hagedorn Research Institute, Gentofte, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P. E. Slagboom
- Department of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - D. M. Altshuler
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - L. Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University Hospital Malmö, Clinical Research Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J. A. Romijn
- Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - J. A. Maassen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Endocrinology, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M. H. Hofker
- Molecular Genetics, Medical Biology Section, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - J. M. Dekker
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M. I. McCarthy
- Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - L. M. ’t Hart
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Snieder H, Wang X, Shiri-Sverdlov R, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Hofker MH, Perks U, Spector TD, O'Dell SD. TUB is a candidate gene for late-onset obesity in women. Diabetologia 2008; 51:54-61. [PMID: 17955208 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-007-0851-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2007] [Accepted: 09/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESES We recently reported significant associations between BMI and three TUB single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in two Dutch cohorts enriched for type 2 diabetes. Here, we attempted a replication of these associations in a large population-based cohort of female twins comprehensively phenotyped for measures of general and central obesity. METHODS Two TUB SNPs (rs2272382, rs2272383) and a third (rs1528133), 22 kb distal to RIC3, were genotyped in 2694 Europid women from the St Thomas' UK Adult Twin Registry (Twins UK) (mean age +/- SD: 47.6 +/- 12.7 years; 42.8% postmenopausal). We explored the hypothesis that TUB is a candidate gene for late-onset obesity in humans through testing the interaction of the SNPs by menopausal status. RESULTS In the whole cohort, none of the three SNPs showed a significant main effect on measures of general or central obesity. However, for central obesity the rs2272382 SNP showed a significant interaction with menopausal status (p = 0.036). Postmenopausal women homozygous for the minor allele of rs2272382 showed significantly more general obesity (p = 0.022) and central obesity (p = 0.009) than carriers of the major allele. Differences (beta [95% CI]) between the two genotype groups were 0.92 kg/m2 (0.03-1.81) for BMI (p = 0.036), 2.73 cm (0.62-4.84) for waist circumference (p = 0.013) and 2.43% (0.27-4.60) for per cent central fat (p = 0.027). These associations were confirmed by a sibling transmission disequilibrium test for central obesity, waist circumference and per cent central fat. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We have replicated associations of TUB SNP rs2272382 with measures of general and central obesity in normal postmenopausal women. These findings confirm TUB as a candidate gene for late-onset obesity in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Snieder
- Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|