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Bech N, Barbu CM, Quéméré E, Novoa C, Allienne JF, Boissier J. Pyrenean ptarmigans decline under climatic and human influences through the Holocene. Heredity (Edinb) 2013; 111:402-9. [PMID: 23838689 PMCID: PMC3806021 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2013.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In Europe, the Quaternary is characterized by climatic fluctuations known to have led to many cycles of contraction and expansion of species geographical ranges. In addition, during the Holocene, historical changes in human occupation such as colonization or abandonment of traditional land uses can also affect habitats. These climatically or anthropically induced geographic range changes are expected to produce considerable effective population size change, measurable in terms of genetic diversity and organization. The rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta) is a small-bodied grouse occurring throughout Northern hemispheric arctic and alpine tundra. This species is not considered threatened at a continental scale, but the populations in the Pyrenees are of concern because of their small population size, geographical isolation and low genetic diversity. Here, we used 11 microsatellites to investigate genetic variations and differentiations and infer the overall demographic history of Pyrenean rock ptarmigan populations. The low genetic variability found in these populations has been previously thought to be the result of a bottleneck that occurred following the last glacial maximum (i.e., 10,000 years ago) or more recently (i.e., during the last 200 years). Our results clearly indicate a major bottleneck affecting the populations in the last tenth of the Holocene. We discuss how this decline can be explained by a combination of unfavorable and successive events that increased the degree of habitat fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bech
- CNRS, UMR 5244, Evolutionary and Ecology of
Interactions (2EI), University of Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan,
France
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, UMR
5244, Evolutionary and Ecology of Interactions (2EI), CNRS,
Perpignan, France
| | - C M Barbu
- CNRS, UMR 5244, Evolutionary and Ecology of
Interactions (2EI), University of Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan,
France
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, UMR
5244, Evolutionary and Ecology of Interactions (2EI), CNRS,
Perpignan, France
| | - E Quéméré
- INRA-CEFS, Comportement et Ecologie de la
Faune Sauvage, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - C Novoa
- ONCFS, Direction des Etudes et de la
recherche, Centre National d'Etudes et de Recherches Appliquées, Faune de
Montagne, Prades, France
| | - J F Allienne
- CNRS, UMR 5244, Evolutionary and Ecology of
Interactions (2EI), University of Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan,
France
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, UMR
5244, Evolutionary and Ecology of Interactions (2EI), CNRS,
Perpignan, France
| | - J Boissier
- CNRS, UMR 5244, Evolutionary and Ecology of
Interactions (2EI), University of Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan,
France
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, UMR
5244, Evolutionary and Ecology of Interactions (2EI), CNRS,
Perpignan, France
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Bech N, Novoa C, Allienne JF, Boissier J. Transferability of microsatellite markers among economically and ecologically important galliform birds. Genet Mol Res 2010; 9:1121-9. [PMID: 20568057 DOI: 10.4238/vol9-2gmr760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We used the partially sequenced genomes of the turkey and chicken to find a large number of microsatellite markers. We then characterized 10 polymorphic microsatellite markers developed by cross-species amplification from economically and ecologically important birds to various European sub-species of the grey partridge. Even though we used cross-species amplification, a high degree of polymorphism was conserved in all microsatellite markers. Cross-species amplification from birds of economic and ecological interest, such as chicken and turkey, could be an attractive approach to develop microsatellite markers and to use these to manage wild and captive populations of other galliforms, such as the grey partridge.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bech
- Laboratoire de Biologie et d'Ecologie Tropicale et Méditerranéenne, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan Cedex, France.
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Beltran S, Galinier R, Allienne JF, Boissier J. Cheap, rapid and efficient DNA extraction method to perform multilocus microsatellite genotyping on all Schistosoma mansoni stages. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2008; 103:501-3. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762008000500017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2007] [Accepted: 07/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Birolleau-Touchard C, Hanocq E, Bouchez A, Bauland C, Dourlen I, Seret JP, Rabier D, Hervet S, Allienne JF, Lucas P, Jaminon O, Etienne R, Baudhuin G, Giauffret C. The use of MapPop1.0 for choosing a QTL mapping sample from an advanced backcross population. Theor Appl Genet 2007; 114:1019-28. [PMID: 17394032 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-006-0495-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2006] [Accepted: 12/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
QTL detection is a good way to assess the genetic basis of quantitative traits such as the plant response to its environment, but requires large mapping populations. Experimental constraints, however, may require a restriction of the population size, risking a decrease in the quality level of QTL mapping. The purpose of this paper was to test if an advanced backcross population sample chosen by MapPop 1.0 could limit the effect of size restriction and improve the QTL detection when compared to random samples. We used the genotypic and phenotypic data obtained for 280 genotypes, considered as the reference population. The "MapPop sample" of 100 genotypes was first compared to the reference population, and genetic maps, genotypic and phenotypic data and QTL results were analysed. Despite the increase in donor allele frequency in the MapPop sample, this did not lead to an increase of the genetic map length or a biased phenotypic distribution. Three QTL among the 10 QTL found in the reference population were also detected in the MapPop sample. Next, the MapPop sample results were compared to those from 500 random samples of the same size. The main conclusion was that the MapPop software avoided the selection of biased samples and the detection of false QTL and appears particularly interesting to select a sample from an unbalanced population.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Birolleau-Touchard
- INRA-USTL, UMR Stress abiotiques et différenciation des végétaux cultivés, Estrées-Mons, BP 50136, 80203 Péronne Cedex, France
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Mitta G, Galinier R, Tisseyre P, Allienne JF, Girerd-Chambaz Y, Guillou F, Bouchut A, Coustau C. Gene discovery and expression analysis of immune-relevant genes from Biomphalaria glabrata hemocytes. Dev Comp Immunol 2004; 29:393-407. [PMID: 15707661 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2004.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2004] [Revised: 09/20/2004] [Accepted: 10/14/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The immune effector cells (hemocytes) of the snail host Biomphalaria glabrata are known to play a key role in recognition and elimination of larval helminths such as the human blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni. To identify novel immune-relevant genes, we undertook an expressed sequence tag program. A hemocyte cDNA library was constructed using snails that were not exposed to a particular pathogen or parasite but maintained in non-axenic conditions. Putative function could be assigned to 53% of the 1613 high quality cDNAs analysed. Based on sequence similarities, we identified 31 immune-relevant genes corresponding either to cellular defence effectors, proteases and protease inhibitors, pattern recognition receptors, cell adhesion molecules or immune regulators. In order to further investigate the potential involvement of these genes in snail-trematode immunobiological interactions, we analysed their expression in unchallenged and parasite-challenged snails, using the immunosuppressive trematode Echinostoma caproni and snail strains selected for resistance or susceptibility to this parasite. Real-time PCR analysis of expression ratios at 7 time-points post-exposure revealed both (i) genes displaying constitutive expression differences between the two strains; and (ii) genes differentially modulated after parasite exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mitta
- Parasitologie fonctionnelle et Evolutive UMR 5555, CNRS Université de Perpignan 52 Ave Paul Alduy, 66 860 Perpignan cedex, France
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Coustau C, Mitta G, Dissous C, Guillou F, Galinier R, Allienne JF, Modat S. Schistosoma mansoni and Echinostoma caproni excretorysecretory products differentially affect gene expression in Biomphalaria glabrata embryonic cells. Parasitology 2003; 127:533-42. [PMID: 14700189 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182003004049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Biomphalaria glabrata embryonic (Bge) cells have been shown to be a valuable in vitro cellular model for the study of snail host-parasite interactions. They both promote the growth and differentiation of various trematode species including Schistosoma mansoni, and Echinostoma caproni and share some morphological and functional features with circulating haemocytes. As an approach to investigate snail genes potentially regulated following exposure to trematode excretory-secretory (ES) products, we compared gene expression profiles of Bge cells exposed to saline solution, or saline solution containing ES products from S. mansoni or E. caproni, two trematode species parasitizing B. glabrata. Following differential display RT-PCR analysis we characterized 23 differentially displayed cDNAs and we focussed on the 5 cDNAs showing sequence similarity to known genes for expression validation. Using RT-PCR, we confirmed that ES products from S. mansoni and E. caproni differentially affect the expression levels of 4 out of the 5 transcripts. These partial transcripts corresponded to novel B. glabrata sequences, and showed significant sequence similarity to genes coding for (i) cytochrome C, (ii) methyl-binding proteins, (iii) glutamine synthetases, and (iv) protease inhibitors from the Kunitz family. The possible significance of these gene expression changes in host-parasite molecular interactions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Coustau
- Parasitologie fonctionnelle et évolutive, UMR CNRS 5555, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, Université de Perpignan, 66860 Perpignan cedex, France.
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