Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering Cross Section at High Bjorken x_{B}

We report high-precision measurements of the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) cross section at high values of the Bjorken variable x_{B}. DVCS is sensitive to the generalized parton distributions of the nucleon, which provide a three-dimensional description of its internal constituents. Using the exact analytic expression of the DVCS cross section for all possible polarization states of the initial and final electron and nucleon, and final state photon, we present the first experimental extraction of all four helicity-conserving Compton form factors (CFFs) of the nucleon as a function of x_{B}, while systematically including helicity flip amplitudes. In particular, the high accuracy of the present data demonstrates sensitivity to some very poorly known CFFs.

Deep Exclusive Electroproduction of π^{0} at High Q^{2} in the Quark Valence Regime

We report measurements of the exclusive neutral pion electroproduction cross section off protons at large values of x_{B} (0.36, 0.48, and 0.60) and Q^{2} (3.1 to 8.4  GeV^{2}) obtained from Jefferson Lab Hall A experiment E12-06-014. The corresponding structure functions dσ_{T}/dt+εdσ_{L}/dt, dσ_{TT}/dt, dσ_{LT}/dt, and dσ_{LT^{'}}/dt are extracted as a function of the proton momentum transfer t-t_{min}. The results suggest the amplitude for transversely polarized virtual photons continues to dominate the cross section throughout this kinematic range. The data are well described by calculations based on transversity generalized parton distributions coupled to a helicity flip distribution amplitude of the pion, thus providing a unique way to probe the structure of the nucleon.

Network-based centrality measures and physical demands in football regarding player position: Is there a connection? A preliminary study

This study's main objective is to analyse the relationship between network-based centrality measures and physical demands in elite football players. Thirty-six matches from La Liga, the Spanish league, were analysed in the 2017/18 season. The analysis of networks formed by team players passing the ball included: degree-prestige (DP), degree-centrality (DC), betweenness-centrality (BC), page-rank (PRP) and closeness-centrality (IRCC). A video-based system was used for analysing total distance (TDpos) and distance run >21Km/h (TD21pos) when the team was in possession of the ball. A magnitude-based inference and correlation analysis were applied. There were different styles of play, team-A was characterized by greater ball circulation (e.g. higher values of DP, DC, BC and IRCC) while team-B used a more direct game (lower values in centrality-metrics except with PRP). Furthermore, TDpos was higher in team-A than in team-B, but those differences disappeared for TD21pos between teams with the exception of the forwards. Finally, the correlation among centrality measures and physical performance were higher in team-B. Coaches could identify the key opponents and players who are linked to them, allowing to adjust performance strategies. Furthermore, interaction patterns between teammates can be used to identify preferential paths of cooperation and to take decisions regarding these relations in order to optimize team performance.

Obesity in laparoscopic surgery

Since the 1980s, minimally invasive techniques have been applied to an increasing number and variety of surgical procedures with a gradual increase in the complexity of procedures being successfully performed laparoscopically. In the past, obesity was considered a contraindication to laparoscopy due to the higher risk of co-morbid conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease and venous thromboembolism. Performing laparoscopic gynaecological procedures in morbidly obese patients is no longer a rare phenomenon; however, it does necessitate changes in clinical practice patterns. Understanding of the physiological changes induced by laparoscopy, particularly in obese patients, is important so that these may be counteracted and adverse outcomes avoided. Laparoscopy in obese patients confers certain advantages such as shorter hospital stay, less post-operative pain and fewer wound infections. In addition to these benefits, minimal-access surgery has been demonstrated as safe and effective in obese patients; however, specific surgical strategies and operative techniques may need to be adopted.

Lipopolysaccharide downregulates CD91/low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 expression through SREBP-1 overexpression in human macrophages

Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) negatively modulate the expression of the CD91/low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP1), a carrier and signaling receptor that mediates the endocytosis of more than 40 structurally and functionally distinct ligands. The aim of this work was to analyze whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can regulate LRP1 expression through SREBPs in human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM). LPS led to LRP1 mRNA and protein inhibition in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Concomitantly, a strong upregulation of SREBP-1 mRNA and SREBP-1 nuclear protein levels was observed in LPS-treated HMDM. The specific silencing of SREBP-1 efficiently prevented LRP1 reduction caused by LPS. SREBP-1 mRNA and nuclear protein levels remained high in HMDM treated with LPS unexposed or exposed to LDL. Native (nLDL) or aggregated LDL (agLDL) per se downregulated SREBP-2 expression levels and increased LRP1 expression. However, lipoproteins did not significantly alter the effect of LPS on SREBP-1 and LRP1 expression. Collectively, these data support that lipoproteins and LPS exert their modulatory effect on LRP1 expression through different SREBP isoforms, SREBP-2 and SREBP-1, respectively. These results highlight a crucial role of SREBP-1 as a mediator of the downregulatory effects of LPS on LRP1 expression in human macrophages, independently of the absence or presence of modified lipoproteins.

Contextual variables and time-motion analysis in soccer

Using a multi-camera computerised tracking system the present study aimed to provide a detailed analysis of the work-rate profile of a team of elite soccer players during official matches of the Spanish Premier League. Observation-based performance measures were obtained from 434 individual samples. 6 physical parameters involving the distance covered by players were analysed: standing intensity (0-11 km·h (-1)), low-intensity running (11.1-14 km·h (-1)), moderate-intensity running (14.1-17 km·h (-1)), high-intensity running (17.1-21 km·h (-1)), very high-intensity running (21.1-24 km·h (-1)) and sprinting (>24 km·h (-1)). These intensity thresholds were considered with respect to 4 contextual variables: MATCH STATUS, MATCH LOCATION, OPPONENT LEVEL and MATCH HALF, which were analysed in relation to the EFFECTIVE PLAYING TIME. A descriptive analysis and a multivariate mixed model were employed for the analysis of change processes in soccer. The distance total covered (m) by players at different work intensities during the EFFECTIVE PLAYING TIME was greater when playing at HOME (3 931 vs. 3 887 AWAY), when the reference team was LOSING (3 975 vs. 3 837 DRAWING and 3 921 WINNING) and when the level of the opposing team was HIGHER (4 032 vs. 3 938 MEDIUM and 3 736 BOTTOM). By contrast, their physical performance decreased during the 2NDHALF of matches (3 822 vs. 3 985 1ST HALF).

Luxación recidivante postraumática del tendón extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) en la muñeca: a propósito de un caso

La luxación o subluxación del tendón del extensor carpi ulnaris es uno de los diagnósticos diferenciales, a tener en cuenta, ante la existencia de dolor en el lado cubital de la muñeca, siendo rara su lesión aislada, por lo que su diagnóstico, puede pasar, con frecuencia, desapercibido.

La lesión ocurre durante una hipersupinación del antebrazo, desviación cubital y flexión palmar de la muñeca. Manifestando el paciente la sintomatología dolorosa tras la reducción del tendón con la pronación, dolor que puede llegar a ser muy incapacitante, con disminución del movimiento de pronosupinación de la muñeca, y disminución de fuerza. Debido a su mecanismo de producción y aparición de los síntomas, el diagnóstico es clínico, pues las pruebas complementarias pueden ser normales. La luxación del tendón, sólo ocurre, ante la ruptura o desinserción de su vaina osteofibrosa propia, o capa profunda del sexto compartimento extensor, a pesar de que el ligamento anular dorsal, o capa superficial del retináculo extensor, permanezca intacto. El tratamiento ha de ser quirúrgico, para reconstruir la vaina o corredera osteofibrosa, obteniéndose resultados satisfactorios.

The prevalence of erectile dysfunction in heart failure patients by race and ethnicity

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common problem in male patients with heart failure (HF). However, no study was found that estimates the prevalence of ED by US ethnic groups with HF. We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study of patients enrolled in a HF disease management program in two sites Louisiana (N=329; 178 white, 99 black) and Florida (N=52; Hispanic). All male patients with an ejection fraction <or=40% were included. The Sexual Health Inventory for Men was used to estimate the prevalence of ED. Overall prevalence of ED was 89% and ED severity did not vary by race/ethnic group. Race/ethnic group differences were found for age, New York Heart Association functional classification, and blood pressure. Hispanic patients had the lowest unadjusted and adjusted prevalence rate of ED (81, 85%) compared to Black (90, 95%) and White (91, 92%) patients. There is a high prevalence of ED in Hispanic, Black and White ethnic groups with HF.

Lesión de la rama motora profunda o descendente, o lesión de tipo 3 del nervio interóseo posterior

La parálisis del nervio interóseo posterior (NIP), traumática o no, es poco frecuente. La mayoría de las traumáticas son por complicación de una fractura- luxación de Monteggia y no por una laceración del nervio.

Según las características clínicas y anatómicas, se puede clasificar en tres tipos (afectación del NIP, de la rama recurrente o motora superficial, de la rama descendente o motora profunda).

No se debe retrasar la exploración quirúrgica del nervio más de 3 meses. La reparación de las ramas terminales en el antebrazo es difícil por la dificultad para encontrarlas y por su pequeño calibre. Puede estar indicada la transposición tendinosa con buenos resultados funcionales.

Fibrino-necrotic typhlitis caused by Escherichia fergusonii in ostriches (Struthio camelus)

Two adult ostriches developed anorexia, prostration, and severe hemorrhagic diarrhea, dying 24 hr after the onset of clinical signs. On postmortem examination, the cecal mucosa showed locally extensive areas of hemorrhages and fibrino-necrotic typhlitis with a white-yellowish material covering the mucosal surface. Multiple serosal petequial hemorrhages and fibrinous peritonitis were present. Histologic examination revealed an intense mononuclear infiltration in the lamina propria and submucosa of the cecum and extensive superficial necrosis associated with fibrin and serocellular deposits. Several gram-negative bacterial colonies were observed within the necrotic areas. Samples from intestinal lesions were collected, and pure growth of Escherichia fergusonii was obtained. Escherichia fergusonii is a member of Enterobacteriaceae, closely related to Escherichia coli and Shigella sp., established as a new species of the genus Escherichia in 1985. In veterinary medicine, E. fergusonii has been reported in calves and sheep from dinical cases suggestive of salmonellosis. To our knowledge, this report represents the first description of E. fergusonii associated with enteritis in ostrich.

Modeling flavor release using inverse gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Inverse gas chromatography (IGC)-mass spectrometry was used to determine the extent of flavor release from a food matrix as a function of moisture uptake. At the surface of a solid, components with higher binding affinities can exchange with and replace components with lower binding affinities. As a low moisture baked product absorbs moisture from the air, flavor is lost from the matrix as water molecules exchange with the flavor molecules. The amount of flavor lost over time can be modeled using this approach to determine the onset of flavor release and total amount of flavor release as well as the identity of the released components and their relative order of exclusion from the matrix.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a trauma patient

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare complication of antipsychotic medications. This paper describes the case of a trauma patient who received haloperidol and droperidol for severe agitation, developed neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and was treated successfully with dantrolene sodium, and also provides a review of the literature.

Comparative efficacy of cimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine, and mylanta in postoperative stress ulcers. Gastric pH control and ulcer prevention in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery

To determine the comparative efficacy of several histamine (H2)-receptor antagonists (cimetidine, famotidine, and ranitidine) and the antacid Mylanta-II (Stuart Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE) in gastric pH control and the prevention of postoperative stress ulceration, a prospective, randomized study was performed in a homogeneous population of patients with elective coronary artery bypass. None of the 57 patients in the study population had a documented history of ulcer disease. There were four treatment groups, each with similar demographics (age and sex). Cimetidine-treated group consisted of 15, famotidine-treated group of 18, ranitidine-treated group of 19, and antacid-treated group of 5 patients. There was no hemodynamically significant postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding in any of the patients. When the agents were compared for efficacy of gastric pH control, statistically better pH control was found in the famotidine- and ranitidine-treated groups (P less than 0.003) than in the cimetidine-treated group (pH less than or equal to 4.0) during the 20-hour observation period. Side effects (hematologic and neurological) were noted only in the cimetidine-treated group. The results of this study indicate that in patients in postoperative intensive care, better gastric pH control, and thus prevention of gastric stress ulcers, is achieved with either famotidine or ranitidine rather than cimetidine or antacid.

Pocket computer for real-time ultrasound

Real-time ultrasound has proved to be of value in fetal age determination, but calculation and interpretation of multiple parameters is time consuming and tedious. We present a program for use with the TRS 80 PC-2 or Sharp 1500 pocket computer and printer to provide rapid results of obstetric ultrasound studies. We also present a sample report. Using the pocket computer, we can have a complete, printed report before the patient leaves the testing area. The program has served us well, though it could be shortened, updated, and improved. The total cost of the computer, an additional 8K random access memory, and the printer is approximately $300. The cost of printer paper and pens is nominal. We believe the system has paid for itself many times over in time saved.

Peptide utilization by nitrogen-starved Neurospora crassa

Peptides ranging in size from a mean number of 30 residues down to dipeptides supported growth of a leucine auxotroph when used as both a nitrogen and leucine source. Under nitrogen-limiting conditions, the peptides induced extracellular peptidohydrolytic activity, hydrolyzing peptides to monomer amino acids. Growth of a leu-2 mutant of Neurospora crassa on those peptides transportable by the oligopeptide transport system did not result in induction of hydrolytic activity, whereas growth of a leu-2; gltR mutant on these same peptides resulted in induction of peptidohydrolytic activity. The induced extracellular proteolytic activity was shown to be analogous to that inducible by growth on proteins, e.g., bovine serum albumin.