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Palumbo G, Dunikowski D, Wirecka R, Mazur T, Lelek-Borkowska U, Wawer K, Banaś J. Effect of Grain Size on the Corrosion Behavior of Fe-3wt.%Si-1wt.%Al Electrical Steels in Pure Water Saturated with CO 2. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:5084. [PMID: 34501174 PMCID: PMC8433828 DOI: 10.3390/ma14175084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The corrosion behavior of two silicon steels with the same chemical composition but different grains sizes (i.e., average grain area of 115.6 and 4265.9 µm2) was investigated by metallographic microscope, gravimetric, electrochemical and surface analysis techniques. The gravimetric and electrochemical results showed that the corrosion rate increased with decreasing the grain size. The scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopyanalyses revealed formation of a more homogeneous and compact corrosion product layer on the coarse-grained steel compared to fine-grained material. The Volta potential analysis, carried out on both steels, revealed formation of micro-galvanic sites at the grain boundaries and triple junctions. The results indicated that the decrease in corrosion resistance in the fine-grained steel could be attributed to the higher density of grain boundaries (e.g., a higher number of active sites and defects) brought by the refinement. The higher density of active sites at grain boundaries promote the metal dissolution of the and decreased the stability of the corrosion product layerformed on the metal surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Palumbo
- Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Corrosion of Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza St. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (D.D.); (U.L.-B.); (J.B.)
| | - Dawid Dunikowski
- Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Corrosion of Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza St. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (D.D.); (U.L.-B.); (J.B.)
| | - Roma Wirecka
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza St. 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland; (R.W.); (T.M.)
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza St. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Mazur
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza St. 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland; (R.W.); (T.M.)
| | - Urszula Lelek-Borkowska
- Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Corrosion of Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza St. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (D.D.); (U.L.-B.); (J.B.)
| | - Kinga Wawer
- Łukasiewicz Research Network–Institute of Aviation, Al. Krakowska 110/114, 02-256 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jacek Banaś
- Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Corrosion of Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza St. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (D.D.); (U.L.-B.); (J.B.)
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Palumbo G, Berent K, Proniewicz E, Banaś J. Guar Gum as an Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitor for Pure Aluminium in 1-M HCl Solution. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12162620. [PMID: 31426447 PMCID: PMC6720888 DOI: 10.3390/ma12162620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Guar gum (GG) was investigated as a possible eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for pure aluminium in a 1-M HCl solution at different temperatures and immersion times using gravimetric and electrochemical techniques. The results showed that GG was a good corrosion inhibitor for pure aluminium in the studied environment. The inhibition efficiency of GG increased with increasing inhibitor concentration and immersion time but decreased with increasing temperature. Polarisation measurements revealed that GG was a mixed type inhibitor with a higher influence on the cathodic reaction. The adsorption behaviour of the investigated inhibitor was found to obey the Temkin adsorption isotherm and the calculated values of the standard free adsorption energy indicate mixed-type adsorption, with the physical adsorption being more dominant. The associated activation energy (Ea) and the heat of adsorption (Qa) supported the physical adsorption nature of the inhibitor. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman/SERS were used to explain the adsorption interaction between the inhibitor with the surface of the metal. The results suggested that most inhibition action of GG is due to its adsorption of the metal surface via H-bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Palumbo
- Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Reymonta St. 23, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Berent
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza St. 30, 30-049 Kraków, Poland
| | - Edyta Proniewicz
- Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Reymonta St. 23, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacek Banaś
- Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Reymonta St. 23, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
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Starowicz M, Starowicz P, Żukrowski J, Przewoźnik J, Lemański A, Kapusta C, Banaś J. Electrochemical synthesis of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with controlled size. J Nanopart Res 2011; 13:7167-7176. [PMID: 22207821 PMCID: PMC3236826 DOI: 10.1007/s11051-011-0631-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel and facile method enabling synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles, which are composed mainly of maghemite according to X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Mössbauer spectroscopy studies. The proposed process is realized by anodic iron polarization in deaerated LiCl solutions containing both water and ethanol. Water seems to play an important role in the synthesis. Morphology of the product was studied by means of transmission electron microscopy and XRD. In the solution containing almost 100% of water a black suspension of round shaped maghemite nanoparticles of 20-40 nm size is obtained. Regulating water concentration allows to control nanoparticle size, which is reduced to 4-6 nm for 5% of water with a possibility to reach intermediate sizes. For 3% or lower water concentration nanoparticles are of a needle-like shape and form a reddish suspension. In this case phase determination is problematic due to a small particle size with the thickness of roughly 3 nm. However, XRD studies indicate the presence of ferrihydrite. Coercivities of the materials are similar to those reported for nanoparticle magnetite powders, whereas the saturation magnetization values are considerably smaller.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Starowicz
- Department of Chemistry and Corrosion of Metals, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Reymonta 23, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Starowicz
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Reymonta 4, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jan Żukrowski
- Department of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Janusz Przewoźnik
- Department of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Lemański
- Department of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Czesław Kapusta
- Department of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jacek Banaś
- Department of Chemistry and Corrosion of Metals, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Reymonta 23, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
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Banaś J, Stypuła B, Banaś K, Światowska-Mrowiecka J, Starowicz M, Lelek-Borkowska U. Corrosion and passivity of metals in methanol solutions of electrolytes. J Solid State Electrochem 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-008-0649-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Banaś J, Lelek-Borkowska U, Mazurkiewicz B, Solarski W. Effect of CO2 and H2S on the composition and stability of passive film on iron alloys in geothermal water. Electrochim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2007.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Najbar M, Mizukami F, Kornelak P, Wesełucha-Birczyńska A, Borzęcka-Prokop B, Bielańska E, Białas A, Banaś J, Su D. Studies of processes occurring during alkoxide derived V–O–W unsupported catalyst formation. Catal Today 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2004.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Banaś J. Anodisches Verhalten von Eisen in H 2SO 4-Alkohol-Lösungen. Z PHYS CHEM 1981. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1981-262139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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