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Pradeep Kumar D, Zanotto T, Cozart JS, Bruce AS, Befort C, Siengsukon C, Shook R, Lynch S, Mahmoud R, Simon S, Hibbing PR, Drees B, Huebner J, Bradish T, Robichaud J, Sosnoff JJ, Bruce JM. Association between frailty and sleep quality in people living with multiple sclerosis and obesity: An observational cross-sectional study. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 81:105154. [PMID: 38043367 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A majority of the people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) experience sleep disturbances. Frailty is also common in pwMS. The geriatric literature strongly suggests that frailty is associated with worse sleep outcomes in community-dwelling older adults, but this association has yet to be explored among pwMS. This study focused on examining the association between frailty and sleep quality in pwMS. METHODS Seventy-six people with both MS and obesity (mean age: 47.6 ± 10.9 years, 81.6 % female, mean body mass index (BMI): 37.10 ± 5.5 kg/m2, mean Patient Determined Disease Steps (PDDS): 0.82 ± 1.20) were included in this cross-sectional secondary analysis. A comprehensive frailty index (FI) based on 41 health deficits from various health domains was calculated based on standardized procedures. Sleep quality was determined by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire (PSQI). RESULTS Overall, 67.1 % of the participants were identified as non-frail (FI ≤ 0.25), and 32.9 % were identified as frail (FI > 0.25). A significant correlation was observed between FI scores and global PSQI scores (ρ = 0.43, p < 0.05). Cross-tabulation analyses revealed that frail participants had worse subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, daytime dysfunction, and higher use of sleep medications compared to non-frail participants (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The current study identified a significant association between frailty and sleep quality in people with both MS and obesity with minimal disability. These findings underscore the importance of untangling the relationship between frailty and sleep quality in pwMS. These results could lead to a more targeted approach for rehabilitation interventions aiming to improve frailty in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danya Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, School of Health Professions, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Tobia Zanotto
- Department of Occupational Therapy Education, School of Health Professions, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Mobility Core, University of Kansas Centre for Community Access, Rehabilitation Research, Education and Service, Kansas City, KS, USA; Landon Center on Aging, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Julia S Cozart
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Medicine, University of Missouri - Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Amanda S Bruce
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Christie Befort
- Department of Population Health, University Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Catherine Siengsukon
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, School of Health Professions, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Robin Shook
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO USA
| | - Sharon Lynch
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Rola Mahmoud
- Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Saint Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Steve Simon
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Medicine, University of Missouri - Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Paul R Hibbing
- Department of Kinesiology & Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Betty Drees
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Medicine, University of Missouri - Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA; Graduate School of the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, USA
| | - Joanie Huebner
- UMKC Department of Community and Family Medicine, University Health Lakewood Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Taylor Bradish
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Medicine, University of Missouri - Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Jade Robichaud
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Medicine, University of Missouri - Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Jacob J Sosnoff
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, School of Health Professions, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Department of Occupational Therapy Education, School of Health Professions, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Mobility Core, University of Kansas Centre for Community Access, Rehabilitation Research, Education and Service, Kansas City, KS, USA; Landon Center on Aging, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jared M Bruce
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Medicine, University of Missouri - Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA; Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, University Health, Kansas City, MO, USA.
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Bruce JM, Cozart JS, Shook RP, Befort C, Siengsukon CF, Simon S, Lynch SG, Mahmoud R, Drees B, Posson P, Hibbing PR, Huebner J, Bradish T, Robichaud J, Bruce AS. Modifying diet and exercise in multiple sclerosis (MoDEMS): A randomized controlled trial for behavioral weight loss in adults with multiple sclerosis and obesity. Mult Scler 2023; 29:1860-1871. [PMID: 38018409 DOI: 10.1177/13524585231213241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a risk factor for developing multiple sclerosis (MS) and MS-related disability. The efficacy of behavioral weight loss interventions among people with MS (pwMS) remains largely unknown. OBJECTIVE Examine whether a group-based telehealth weight loss intervention produces clinically significant weight loss in pwMS and obesity. METHODS Seventy-one pwMS were randomized to the weight loss intervention or treatment-as-usual (TAU). The 6-month program promoted established guidelines for calorie reduction and increased physical activity. Anthropometric measurements, mobility tasks, self-report questionnaires, and accelerometry were used to assess changes at follow-up. RESULTS Mean percent weight loss in the treatment group was 8.6% compared to 0.7% in the TAU group (p < .001). Sixty-five percent of participants in the intervention achieved clinically meaningful weight loss (⩾ 5%). Participants in the treatment group engaged in 46.2 minutes/week more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity than TAU participants (p = .017) and showed improvements in quality of life (p = .012). Weight loss was associated with improved mobility (p = .003) and reduced fatiguability (p = .008). CONCLUSION Findings demonstrate the efficacy of a behavioral intervention for pwMS and obesity, with clinically significant weight loss for two-thirds of participants in the treatment condition. Weight loss may also lead to improved mobility and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared M Bruce
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, University Health, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Julia S Cozart
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Robin P Shook
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Christie Befort
- Department of Population Health, University Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Catherine F Siengsukon
- Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science, and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Stephen Simon
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Sharon G Lynch
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Rola Mahmoud
- Department of Neurology, Saint Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Betty Drees
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Graduate School of the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Paige Posson
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Paul R Hibbing
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joanie Huebner
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, University Health Lakewood Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Taylor Bradish
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Jade Robichaud
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Amanda S Bruce
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Cozart JS, Bruce AS, Befort C, Siengsukon C, Lynch SG, Punt S, Simon S, Shook RP, Huebner J, Bradish T, Robichaud J, Bruce JM. A pilot study evaluating the prefeasibility of a behavioral weight loss program in people with multiple sclerosis. Prev Med Rep 2023; 36:102437. [PMID: 37810265 PMCID: PMC10558767 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Weight loss interventions seldom include individuals with neurologic disease. The aims of the present study were to: 1) develop and assess the prefeasibility of a 6-month telehealth behavioral weight loss program for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and obesity and 2) examine changes in weight loss (primary outcome), physical activity, and fruit/vegetable consumption at follow-up. Participants with obesity and MS engaged in a 24-week weight loss program. Participants followed established diet, exercise, and self-monitoring guidelines and attended weekly online group meetings. Median percentage weight loss was 10.54 % (SD = 7.19). Participants who adhered more closely to the self-monitoring guidelines (r = 0.81, p =.02), and who averaged higher weekly active minutes (r = 0.91, p =.002) achieved greater percentage weight loss. Six of the eight pilot participants achieved clinically meaningful weight loss (>5%) after 6-months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S. Cozart
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 2411 Holmes St., Kansas City, MO, USA
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Department of Psychology, 5030 Cherry St., Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Amanda S. Bruce
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 2801 Olathe Blvd., Kansas City, KS, USA
- Children’s Mercy Hospital, Center for Children’s Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, 610 E 22 St., Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Christie Befort
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Population Health, 2060 W 39 Ave., Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Catherine Siengsukon
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science, and Athletic Training, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sharon G. Lynch
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Neurology, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Stephanie Punt
- University of Kansas, Department of Psychology, 1415 Jayhawk Blvd., Lawrence, KS, USA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Stephen Simon
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 2411 Holmes St., Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Robin P. Shook
- Children’s Mercy Hospital, Center for Children’s Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, 610 E 22 St., Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gillham Rd., Kansas City, MO, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2411 Holmes St., Kansas City, MO USA
| | - Joanie Huebner
- University Health Lakewood Medical Center, UMKC Department of Community and Family Medicine, 7900 Lee’s Summit Rd., Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Taylor Bradish
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 2411 Holmes St., Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Jade Robichaud
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 2411 Holmes St., Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Jared M. Bruce
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 2411 Holmes St., Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, University Health, 2411 Holmes St., Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University Health, 2411 Holmes St., Kansas City, MO, USA
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Cozart JS, Bruce AS, Shook RP, Befort C, Siengsukon C, Simon S, Lynch SG, Mahmoud R, Drees B, Posson P, Hibbing PR, Huebner J, Bradish T, Robichaud J, Bruce JM. Body metrics are associated with clinical, free-living, and self-report measures of mobility in a cohort of adults with obesity and multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 79:105010. [PMID: 37776827 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) onset and may contribute to more rapid disability accumulation. Whether obesity impacts mobility in MS is uncertain. Some studies find that obesity in MS is associated with poorer mobility; other studies find no relationship. Discrepant findings may be due to differences in measurement and methodology. In the present study, we employ a comprehensive battery of anthropometric and mobility measures in a sample of people with MS and obesity. METHODS Participants with MS (N = 74) completed a battery of adiposity measurements (weight, height, waist circumference, and full body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry [DXA] scans). They also completed validated clinical, free-living (accelerometry), and self-report measures of mobility. Spearman's Rho correlations were used to examine the associations between mobility and obesity measures with Benjamini and Hochberg correction for multiple comparisons. Multiple linear regression was used to examine if adiposity predicted mobility outcomes in people with MS when controlling for age and disease duration. RESULTS The majority of participants (n = 70) were diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS and reported mild MS-related disability on the Patient Determined Disease Steps (M = 0.77, SD = 1.1). Median BMI was 35.8 (SD = 5.4). Higher percentage body fat (measured via DXA) was associated with poorer self-reported physical functioning (rs = -0.52, p <0.001), less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (rs = -0.24, p = 0.04), and worse performance on the Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT; rs = -0.44, p <0.001), the Timed 25 Foot Walk (T25FW; rs = 0.45, p <0.001), and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG; rs = 0.35, p = .003). Higher BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) were associated with worse outcomes on the 6MWT (BMI; rs = -0.35, p <0.01, WtHR; rs = -0.43, p <0.001), T25FW (BMI; rs = 0.32, p <0.01, WtHR; rs = 0.38, p <0.001), and the SF-36 (BMI; rs = -0.29, p <0.005, WtHR; rs = -0.31, p <0.05). Percentage body fat accounted for an additional 17 % of the variance in the T25FW and 6MWT performance, after controlling for age and disease duration. CONCLUSION Higher BMI, WtHR, and percentage body fat were associated with lower levels of mobility (T25FW and 6MWT) in people with MS who have class I, class II, and class III obesity. Higher percentage body fat was associated with significantly worse performance on clinical, free-living, and self-report measures of mobility in people with MS even when accounting for participant age and disease duration. These findings suggest that people with MS and obesity may show improved mobility with weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Cozart
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
| | - A S Bruce
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - R P Shook
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri USA
| | - C Befort
- Department of Population Health, University Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - C Siengsukon
- Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science, and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - S Simon
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - S G Lynch
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - R Mahmoud
- Department of Neurology, Saint Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - B Drees
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; Graduate School of the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - P Posson
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - P R Hibbing
- Department of Kinesiology & Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - J Huebner
- Department of Community and Family Medicine University Health Lakewood Medical Center, Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - T Bradish
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - J Robichaud
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - J M Bruce
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, University Health, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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Coltman C, Wiens K, Litzenberger K, Silvestri D, Schmidt D, Colwell S, Jones B, Ferland A, Robichaud J. Cardiac Arrest Management in the Post-op Cardiac Surgery Patient: The path LESS traveled. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Corcos D, Robichaud J, David F, Vaillancourt D, Poon C, Rafferty M, Comella C, Kohrt W, Leurgans S. 24 Months of Exercise Improves the Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease (S02.003). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Corcos D, Robichaud J, David F, Vaillancourt D, Poon C, Rafferty M, Comella C, Kohrt W, Leurgans S. 24 Months of Exercise Improves the Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease (IN6-2.005). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.in6-2.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Djaoued Y, Robichaud J, Thibodeau M, Balaji S, Tchoukanova N, Bates SS. Photocatalytic properties of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide films in the degradation of domoic acid in aqueous solution: potential for use in molluscan shellfish biotoxin depuration facilities. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2009; 26:248-57. [PMID: 19680896 DOI: 10.1080/02652030802322887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Domoic acid (DA) is a water-soluble marine neurotoxin produced and released by certain species of the diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia. Present in coastal waters, it can be a threat to public health and marine life, and can result in severe economic losses to the molluscan shellfish and crustacean harvesting industries. Here we report on the efficiency of nanocrystalline (NC) titania (TiO(2)) thin films used as a photocatalyst in the ultraviolet light photodegradation of DA. Titanium dioxide thin films produced by a sol-gel dip-coating method in the presence of polyethylene glycol of different molecular weights (200, 400 and 600) were deposited on glass substrates and crystallised at 90 degrees C. The films were characterised using spectroscopic ellipsometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity measurements were carried out by immersing the NC TiO(2) films in a DA solution (2500 ng ml(-1)) and then exposing them for various times at room temperature to UVA irradiation (lambda = approximately 350 nm). The degradation of DA, quantified by HPLC analysis, was not significant when using daylight or ultraviolet light irradiation alone, whereas the NC TiO(2) films prepared at low temperature proved to be a very efficient photocatalyst when used in conjunction with UVA light. The effectiveness of the photodegradation was improved by increasing molecular weight of polyethylene glycol, which increased the thickness of the film. The presence, transformation and degradation of three DA isomers were observed. The approach may eventually be practical for destroying DA in seawater used by aquaculture industry depuration facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Djaoued
- Université de Moncton, Campus de Shippagan, Shippagan, NB, Canada.
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Tremblay H, Bouchard H, Mercure S, Robichaud J, Beausoleil M, Charette M, Carrier J. MO-E-224C-04: Motorized Multi-Leaf Collimator for Electrons: Measurements with a Prototype and Monte Carlo Simulations. Med Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2241470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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10
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Seet BT, Barrett J, Robichaud J, Shilton B, Singh R, McFadden G. Glycosaminoglycan Binding Properties of the Myxoma Virus CC-chemokine Inhibitor, M-T1. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:30504-13. [PMID: 11369757 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m011401200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Poxviruses encode a number of secreted virulence factors that function to mitigate or modulate the host immune response. M-T1 is a secreted 43-kDa glycoprotein produced by the myxoma virus, a poxvirus pathogen of rabbits, that binds CC-chemokines with high affinity, blocks binding to their cognate G-protein coupled receptors, and thereby inhibits chemokine-induced leukocyte chemotaxis. The present study indicates that M-T1, but not the related vaccinia virus 35-kDa CC-chemokine-binding protein, can localize to cell surfaces through an interaction with glycosaminoglycan molecules. In addition to biochemically characterizing the nature of this interaction, we demonstrate that M-T1 can also simultaneously interact with CC-chemokines while bound to heparin, suggesting that the binding sites on M-T1 for chemokines and heparin are distinct. Furthermore, using recombinant baculovirus-expressed M-T1 truncation and internal deletion mutants, we localize the heparin-binding region of M-T1 to the C terminus of the protein, a region that contains a high abundance of basic residues and includes two clusters of basic amino acid residues that resemble Cardin and Weintraub heparin-binding consensus sequences. The ability of M-T1 to simultaneously interact with chemokines and glycosaminoglycans may enable M-T1 to tether to endothelial surfaces or extracellular matrix and capture host chemokines that are expressed close to sites of virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- B T Seet
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
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11
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Robichaud J, Papsin BC, Forte V. Third branchial cleft anomaly detected in utero. J Otolaryngol 2000; 29:185-7. [PMID: 10883836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Robichaud
- The Department of Otolaryngology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario
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Nash P, Barrett J, Cao JX, Hota-Mitchell S, Lalani AS, Everett H, Xu XM, Robichaud J, Hnatiuk S, Ainslie C, Seet BT, McFadden G. Immunomodulation by viruses: the myxoma virus story. Immunol Rev 1999; 168:103-20. [PMID: 10399068 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1999.tb01286.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Myxoma virus is a poxvirus pathogen of rabbits that has evolved to replicate successfully in the presence of an active immune response by an infected host. To accomplish this, the virus has developed a variety of strategies to avoid detection by or obstruct specific aspects of the antiviral response whose consolidated action is antagonistic to virus survival. We describe two distinct viral strategies carried out by viral proteins with which myxoma virus subverts the host immune response. The first strategy is the production of virus-encoded proteins known as viroceptors or virokines that mimic host receptors or cytokines. These seek to actively block extracellular immune signals required for effective virus clearance and produce a local environment in the infected tissue that is "virus friendly". The second strategy, carried out by intracellular viral proteins, seeks to retard the innate antiviral responses such as apoptosis, and hinder attempts by the infected cell to communicate with the cellular arm of the immune system. By studying these viral strategies of immune evasion, the myxoma system can provide insights into virus-host interactions and also provide new insights into the complex immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Nash
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, Canada
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Corsten M, Marsan J, Schramm D, Robichaud J. Treatment of intractable Menière's disease with intratympanic gentamicin: review of the University of Ottawa experience. J Otolaryngol 1997; 26:361-4. [PMID: 9438932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intractable Meniere's disease has traditionally been treated surgically, with either labyrinthectomy, vestibular nerve section, or endolymphatic sac procedures. Another option is the use of intratympanic gentamicin to effect a 'gentamicin labyrinthectomy.' Nedzelski and coworkers have previously reported an 83% complete elimination and 17% substantial reduction in vertigo using this method. METHOD We retrospectively reviewed 21 patients treated at our centre with intratympanic gentamicin between 1991 and 1995, all of whom fulfilled the criteria for reporting results in Meniere's therapy described in the American Association of Otolaryngology Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium 1995 guidelines. Our patients are presented using these guidelines, specifically examining four criteria: frequency of vertigo, word recognition, functional level, and hearing threshold. RESULTS At 2-year follow-up, 17 of 21 patients (80.9%) had complete elimination of vertigo, with 3 of 21 (14.3%) reporting a 60 to 99% reduction in frequency. Nineteen of 21 patients (90.5%) described themselves as having no impairment secondary to dizziness. Average hearing thresholds and word-recognition scores appear to have both worsened after gentamicin therapy. CONCLUSION Intratympanic gentamicin therapy for vertigo in Meniere's disease was shown to be an effective treatment choice, as shown by our results. However, with the reduction of average hearing thresholds and word-recognition scores, patients should be advised of these possible complications as part of informed consent.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Corsten
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Ottawa, Ontario
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Keski-Kuha RA, Fleetwood CM, Robichaud J. Performance of high-density cast silicon carbide in the extreme ultraviolet. Appl Opt 1997; 36:4409-4410. [PMID: 18259229 DOI: 10.1364/ao.36.004409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The normal-incidence reflectance of high-density cast silicon carbide (SiC) is evaluated in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectral region. High reflectivity in the EUV is achieved. High reflectivity and the relatively low-cost manufacturing process make high-density cast SiC a promising mirror material for EUV applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Parnes
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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Parnes LS, Robichaud J. Further Observations during the Particle Repositioning Maneuver for Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1997; 116:238-43. [PMID: 9051072 DOI: 10.1016/s0194-59989770333-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L S Parnes
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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Brunt D, Robichaud J. Relationship between motoneuron pool excitability and parameters of timing and force in an isometric ankle-extension movement. Percept Mot Skills 1996; 82:448-50. [PMID: 8724914 DOI: 10.2466/pms.1996.82.2.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The changes in peak facilitation and slope of facilitation of the H-reflex were compared to the parameters of an isometric plantarflexion task. The amplitude of the reflex was significantly greater for reflexes elicited within 50 msec. of the onset of soleus muscle activity. Neither peak amplitude of the reflex nor slope correlated with rate of rise of isometric force; however, they did show a modest relationship between premotor time and reaction time.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Brunt
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610, USA
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