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Sikder K, Phillips E, Zhong Z, Wang N, Saunders J, Mothy D, Kossenkov A, Schneider T, Nichtova Z, Csordas G, Margulies KB, Choi JC. Perinuclear damage from nuclear envelope deterioration elicits stress responses that contribute to LMNA cardiomyopathy. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadh0798. [PMID: 38718107 PMCID: PMC11078192 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh0798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Mutations in the LMNA gene encoding lamins A/C cause an array of tissue-selective diseases, with the heart being the most commonly affected organ. Despite progress in understanding the perturbations emanating from LMNA mutations, an integrative understanding of the pathogenesis underlying cardiac dysfunction remains elusive. Using a novel conditional deletion model capable of translatome profiling, we observed that cardiomyocyte-specific Lmna deletion in adult mice led to rapid cardiomyopathy with pathological remodeling. Before cardiac dysfunction, Lmna-deleted cardiomyocytes displayed nuclear abnormalities, Golgi dilation/fragmentation, and CREB3-mediated stress activation. Translatome profiling identified MED25 activation, a transcriptional cofactor that regulates Golgi stress. Autophagy is disrupted in the hearts of these mice, which can be recapitulated by disrupting the Golgi. Systemic administration of modulators of autophagy or ER stress significantly delayed cardiac dysfunction and prolonged survival. These studies support a hypothesis wherein stress responses emanating from the perinuclear space contribute to the LMNA cardiomyopathy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Sikder
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Phillips
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia PA, USA
| | - Zhijiu Zhong
- Translational Research and Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nadan Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia PA, USA
| | - Jasmine Saunders
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia PA, USA
| | - David Mothy
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia PA, USA
| | - Andrew Kossenkov
- Bioinformatics Facility, The Wistar Institute Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Timothy Schneider
- Mitocare, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zuzana Nichtova
- Mitocare, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gyorgy Csordas
- Mitocare, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth B. Margulies
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jason C. Choi
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia PA, USA
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Saunders J, Sikder K, Phillips E, Ishwar A, Mothy D, Margulies KB, Choi JC. Med25 Limits Master Regulators That Govern Adipogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6155. [PMID: 37047128 PMCID: PMC10093881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mediator 25 (Med25) is a member of the mediator complex that relays signals from transcription factors to the RNA polymerase II machinery. Multiple transcription factors, particularly those involved in lipid metabolism, utilize the mediator complex, but how Med25 is involved in this context is unclear. We previously identified Med25 in a translatome screen of adult cardiomyocytes (CMs) in a novel cell type-specific model of LMNA cardiomyopathy. In this study, we show that Med25 upregulation is coincident with myocardial lipid accumulation. To ascertain the role of Med25 in lipid accumulation, we utilized iPSC-derived and neonatal CMs to recapitulate the in vivo phenotype by depleting lamins A and C (lamin A/C) in vitro. Although lamin A/C depletion elicits lipid accumulation, this effect appears to be mediated by divergent mechanisms dependent on the CM developmental state. To directly investigate Med25 in lipid accumulation, we induced adipogenesis in Med25-silenced 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and detected enhanced lipid accumulation. Assessment of pertinent mediators driving adipogenesis revealed that C/EBPα and PPARγ are super-induced by Med25 silencing. Our results indicate that Med25 limits adipogenic potential by suppressing the levels of master regulators that govern adipogenesis. Furthermore, we caution the use of early-developmental-stage cardiomyocytes to model adult-stage cells, particularly for dissecting metabolic perturbations emanating from LMNA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Saunders
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Kunal Sikder
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Elizabeth Phillips
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Anurag Ishwar
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - David Mothy
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Kenneth B. Margulies
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jason C. Choi
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Sikder K, Phillips E, Zhong Z, Wang N, Saunders J, Mothy D, Kossenkov A, Schneider T, Nichtova Z, Csordas G, Margulies KB, Choi JC. Perinuclear damage from nuclear envelope deterioration elicits stress responses that contribute to LMNA cardiomyopathy. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.14.528563. [PMID: 36824975 PMCID: PMC9949050 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.14.528563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the LMNA gene encoding nuclear lamins A/C cause a diverse array of tissue-selective diseases, with the heart being the most commonly affected organ. Despite progress in understanding the molecular perturbations emanating from LMNA mutations, an integrative understanding of the pathogenesis leading to cardiac dysfunction remains elusive. Using a novel cell-type specific Lmna deletion mouse model capable of translatome profiling, we found that cardiomyocyte-specific Lmna deletion in adult mice led to rapid cardiomyopathy with pathological remodeling. Prior to the onset of cardiac dysfunction, lamin A/C-depleted cardiomyocytes displayed nuclear envelope deterioration, golgi dilation/fragmentation, and CREB3-mediated golgi stress activation. Translatome profiling identified upregulation of Med25, a transcriptional co-factor that can selectively dampen UPR axes. Autophagy is disrupted in the hearts of these mice, which can be recapitulated by disrupting the golgi or inducing nuclear damage by increased matrix stiffness. Systemic administration of pharmacological modulators of autophagy or ER stress significantly improved the cardiac function. These studies support a hypothesis wherein stress responses emanating from the perinuclear space contribute to the development of LMNA cardiomyopathy. Teaser Interplay of stress responses underlying the development of LMNA cardiomyopathy.
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Kim JM, Park KY, Yu IW, Song TJ, Kim YJ, Kim BJ, Heo SH, Jung JM, Oh KM, Kim CK, Yu S, Park JH, Choi JC, Park MS, Kim JT, Choi KH, Hwang YH, Chung JW, Bang OY, Kim GM, Seo WK. Incidence of oral anticoagulant interruption among stroke patients with atrial fibrillation and subsequent stroke. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:900-902. [PMID: 32064742 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We analyzed the incidence and causes of oral anticoagulant (OAC) cessation and subsequent stroke after OAC withdrawal in a cohort of Korean stroke patients with atrial fibrillation. METHODS The Korean Atrial Fibrillation Evaluation Registry in Ischemic Stroke patients (K-ATTENTION) is a multicenter cohort study, merging stroke registries from 11 tertiary centers in Korea. The number of OAC interruption episodes and the reasons were reviewed from hospital records. Stroke after OAC withdrawal was defined when a patient experienced ischaemic stroke within 31 days after OAC withdrawal. Clinical variables were compared between patients who experienced stroke recurrence during OAC interruption and those who did not experience recurrence. RESULTS Among 3213 stroke patients with atrial fibrillation, a total of 329 episodes of OAC interruption were detected in 229 patients after index stroke (mean age 72.9 ± 8.3 years, 113 female patients). The most frequent reason for OAC withdrawal was poor compliance [103 episodes (31.3%)] followed by extracranial bleeding [96 episodes (29.2%)]. Stroke after OAC withdrawal was noted in 13 patients. Mean age, vascular risk factor profile and mean CHA2 DS2 -VASc score were not significantly different between patients with and without recurrent stroke. CONCLUSIONS A considerable number of stroke patients with atrial fibrillation experienced temporary interruption of OAC after index stroke, which was associated with stroke recurrence of 4.0 cases per 100 interruption episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-M Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K-Y Park
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - I-W Yu
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - T-J Song
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-J Kim
- Department of Neurology, Eunpyeong St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - B J Kim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Heo
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-M Jung
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Kyungki-Do, Korea
| | - K-M Oh
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C K Kim
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Yu
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-H Park
- Department of Neurology, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, South Korea
| | - J C Choi
- Department of Neurology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - M-S Park
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - J-T Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - K-H Choi
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Y-H Hwang
- Department of Neurology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - J-W Chung
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - O Y Bang
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - G-M Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - W-K Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kato-Maeda M, Choi JC, Jarlsberg LG, Grinsdale JA, Higashi J, Kawamura LM, Osmond DH, Hopewell PC. Magnitude of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission among household and non-household contacts of TB patients. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 23:433-440. [PMID: 31064622 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
<sec id="st1"> <title>SETTING</title> The household and non-household contacts of patients with tuberculosis (TB) face varying degrees of risk of infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. </sec> <sec id="st2"> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> To quantify new infection and to determine the risk factors associated with new infection among named contacts in San Francisco, CA, USA. </sec> <sec id="st3"> <title>DESIGN</title> We performed a cohort study in patients with culture-positive pulmonary TB. We analyzed patient, contact, environmental and bacterial characteristics. </sec> <sec id="st4"> <title>RESULTS</title> Of the 2422 contacts named by 256 patients, 149 (6.2%) had new infection due to recent transmission from 79 (30.9%) patients. Of the 149 new infections, 87 (58.4%) occurred among household contacts and 62 (41.6%) among non-household contacts. Numerous acid-fast bacilli in sputum (odds ratio [OR] 2.64, 95%CI 1.32-5.25) and contacts being named by more than one patient (OR 2.90, 95%CI 1.23-6.85) were associated with new infection among household contacts. Being older than 50 years (OR 1.93, 95%CI 1.09-3.41) and an Asian/Pacific Islander (OR 3.09, 95%CI 1.50-6.37) were associated with new infection among non-household contacts. </sec> <sec id="st5"> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> Fewer than one third of patients caused new infection to his/her contacts. A substantial proportion of transmission resulting in new infection occurred outside of the household. The risk factors for infection among household and non-household contacts are different and should be considered when prioritizing control interventions. </sec>.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kato-Maeda
- Curry International Tuberculosis Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California San Francisco, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - J C Choi
- Curry International Tuberculosis Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California San Francisco, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, California, USA, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - L G Jarlsberg
- Curry International Tuberculosis Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California San Francisco, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - J A Grinsdale
- Office of Equity and Quality Improvement, Population Health Division
| | - J Higashi
- Tuberculosis Control, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California
| | - L M Kawamura
- Qiagen, Medical and Scientific Affairs, Redwood City, California
| | - D H Osmond
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - P C Hopewell
- Curry International Tuberculosis Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California San Francisco, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, California, USA
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Kim JT, Cho BH, Choi KH, Park MS, Kim BJ, Park JM, Kang K, Lee SJ, Kim JG, Cha JK, Kim DH, Nah HW, Park TH, Park SS, Lee KB, Lee J, Hong KS, Cho YJ, Park HK, Lee BC, Yu KH, Oh MS, Kim DE, Ryu WS, Choi JC, Kwon JH, Kim WJ, Shin DI, Sohn SI, Hong JH, Lee JS, Lee J, Bae HJ, Saver JL, Cho KH. Association between time to treatment and functional outcomes according to the Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score in endovascular stroke therapy. Eur J Neurol 2019; 27:343-351. [PMID: 31535427 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The rate at which the chance of a good outcome of endovascular stroke therapy (EVT) decays with time when eligible patients are selected by baseline diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI-MRI) and whether ischaemic core size affects this rate remain to be investigated. METHODS This study analyses a prospective multicentre registry of stroke patients treated with EVT based on pretreatment DWI-MRI that was categorized into three groups: small [Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (DWI-ASPECTS)] (8-10), moderate (5-7) and large (<5) cores. The main outcome was a good outcome at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale 0-2). The interaction between onset-to-groin puncture time (OTP) and DWI-ASPECTS categories regarding functional outcomes was investigated. RESULTS Ultimately, 985 patients (age 69 ± 11 years; male 55%) were analysed. Potential interaction effects between the DWI-ASPECTS categories and OTP on a good outcome at 90 days were observed (Pinteraction = 0.06). Every 60-min delay in OTP was associated with a 16% reduced likelihood of a good outcome at 90 days amongst patients with large cores, although no associations were observed amongst patients with small to moderate cores. Interestingly, the adjusted rates of a good outcome at 90 days steeply declined between 65 and 213 min of OTP and then remained smooth throughout 24 h of OTP (Pnonlinearity = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the probability of a good outcome after EVT nonlinearly decreased, with a steeper decline at earlier OTP than at later OTP. Discrepant effects of OTP on functional outcomes by baseline DWI-ASPECTS categories were observed. Thus, different strategies for EVT based on time and ischaemic core size are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-T Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - B-H Cho
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K-H Choi
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - M-S Park
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - B J Kim
- Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - J-M Park
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Kang
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Lee
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J-K Cha
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - D-H Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - H-W Nah
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - T H Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-S Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - K B Lee
- Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - K-S Hong
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
| | - Y-J Cho
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
| | - H-K Park
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
| | - B-C Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - K-H Yu
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - M S Oh
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - D-E Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - W-S Ryu
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - J C Choi
- Department of Neurology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - J-H Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - W-J Kim
- Department of Neurology, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - D-I Shin
- Department of Neurology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - S I Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - J-H Hong
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Neurology, Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-J Bae
- Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - J L Saver
- Department of Neurology, Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K-H Cho
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
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7
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Choi JC, Wu W, Phillips E, Plevin R, Sera F, Homma S, Worman HJ. Elevated dual specificity protein phosphatase 4 in cardiomyopathy caused by lamin A/C gene mutation is primarily ERK1/2-dependent and its depletion improves cardiac function and survival. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:2290-2305. [PMID: 29668927 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA) encoding the nuclear intermediate filament proteins lamins A and C cause a group of tissue-selective diseases, the most common of which is dilated cardiomyopathy (herein referred to as LMNA cardiomyopathy) with variable skeletal muscle involvement. We previously showed that cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of dual specificity protein phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) is involved in the pathogenesis of LMNA cardiomyopathy. However, how mutations in LMNA activate Dusp4 expression and whether it is necessary for the development of LMNA cardiomyopathy are currently unknown. We now show that female LmnaH222P/H222P mice, a model for LMNA cardiomyopathy, have increased Dusp4 expression and hyperactivation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 with delayed kinetics relative to male mice, consistent with the sex-dependent delay in the onset and progression of disease. Mechanistically, we show that the H222P amino acid substitution in lamin A enhances its binding to ERK1/2 and increases sequestration at the nuclear envelope. Finally, we show that genetic deletion of Dusp4 has beneficial effects on heart function and prolongs survival in LmnaH222P/H222P mice. These results further establish Dusp4 as a key contributor to the pathogenesis of LMNA cardiomyopathy and a potential target for drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Choi
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Elizabeth Phillips
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Robin Plevin
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Fusako Sera
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shunichi Homma
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Howard J Worman
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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8
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Gowran A, Kulikova T, Lewis FC, Foldes G, Fuentes L, Viiri LE, Spinelli V, Costa A, Perbellini F, Sid-Otmane C, Bax NAM, Pekkanen-Mattila M, Schiano C, Chaloupka A, Forini F, Sarkozy M, De Jager SCA, Vajen T, Glezeva N, Lee HW, Golovkin A, Kucera T, Musikhina NA, Korzhenkov NP, Santuchi MDEC, Munteanu D, Garcia RG, Ang R, Usui S, Kamilova U, Jumeau C, Aberg M, Kostina DA, Brandt MM, Muntean D, Lindner D, Sadaba R, Bacova B, Nikolov A, Sedmera D, Ryabov V, Neto FP, Lynch M, Portero V, Kui P, Howarth FC, Gualdoni A, Prorok J, Diolaiuti L, Vostarek F, Wagner M, Abela MA, Nebert C, Xiang W, Kloza M, Maslenko A, Grechanyk M, Bhattachariya A, Morawietz H, Babaeva AR, Martinez Sanchez SM, Krychtiuk KA, Starodubova J, Fiorelli S, Rinne P, Ozkaramanli Gur D, Hofbauer T, Starodubova J, Stellos K, Pinon P, Tsoref O, Thaler B, Fraga-Silva RA, Fuijkschot WW, Shaaban MNS, Matthaeus C, Deluyker D, Scardigli M, Zahradnikova A, Dominguez A, Kondrat'eva D, Sosorburam T, Murarikova M, Duerr GD, Griecsova L, Portnichenko VI, Smolina N, Duicu OANAM, Elder JM, Zaglia T, Lorenzon A, Ruperez C, Woudstra L, Suffee N, De Lucia C, Tsoref O, Russell-Hallinan A, Menendez-Montes I, Kapelko VI, Emmens RW, Hetman O, Van Der Laarse WJ, Goncharov S, Adao R, Huisamen B, Sirenko O, Kamilova U, Nassiri I, Tserendavaa SUMIYA, Yushko K, Baldan Martin M, Falcone C, Vigorelli V, Nigro P, Pompilio G, Stepanova O, Valikhov M, Samko A, Masenko V, Tereschenko S, Teoh T, Domenjo-Vila E, Theologou T, Field M, Awad W, Yasin M, Nadal-Ginard B, Ellison-Hughes GM, Hellen N, Vittay O, Harding SE, Gomez-Cid L, Fernandez-Santos ME, Suarez-Sancho S, Plasencia V, Climent A, Sanz-Ruiz R, Hedhammar M, Atienza F, Fernandez-Aviles F, Kiamehr M, Oittinen M, Viiri KM, Kaikkonen M, Aalto-Setala K, Diolaiuti L, Laurino A, Sartiani L, Vona A, Zanardelli M, Cerbai E, Failli P, Hortigon-Vinagre MP, Van Der Heyden M, Burton FL, Smith GL, Watson S, Scigliano M, Tkach S, Alayoubi S, Harding SE, Terracciano CM, Ly HQ, Mauretti A, Van Marion MH, Van Turnhout MC, Van Der Schaft DWJ, Sahlgren CM, Goumans MJ, Bouten CVC, Vuorenpaa H, Penttinen K, Sarkanen R, Ylikomi T, Heinonen T, Aalto-Setala K, Grimaldi V, Aprile M, Esposito R, Maiello C, Soricelli A, Colantuoni V, Costa V, Ciccodicola A, Napoli C, Rowe GC, Johnson K, Arany ZP, Del Monte F, D'aurizio R, Kusmic C, Nicolini G, Baumgart M, Groth M, Ucciferri N, Iervasi G, Pitto L, Pipicz M, Gaspar R, Siska A, Foldesi I, Kiss K, Bencsik P, Thum T, Batkai S, Csont T, Haan JJ, Bosch L, Brans MAD, Van De Weg SM, Deddens JC, Lee SJ, Sluijter JPG, Pasterkamp G, Werner I, Projahn D, Staudt M, Curaj A, Soenmez TT, Simsekyilmaz S, Hackeng TM, Von Hundelshausen P, Koenen RR, Weber C, Liehn EA, Santos-Martinez M, Medina C, Watson C, Mcdonald K, Gilmer J, Ledwidge M, Song SH, Lee MY, Park MH, Choi JC, Ahn JH, Park JS, Oh JH, Choi JH, Lee HC, Cha KS, Hong TJ, Kudryavtsev I, Serebryakova M, Malashicheva A, Shishkova A, Zhiduleva E, Moiseeva O, Durisova M, Blaha M, Melenovsky V, Pirk J, Kautzner J, Petelina TI, Gapon LI, Gorbatenko EA, Potolinskaya YV, Arkhipova EV, Solodenkova KS, Osadchuk MA, Dutra MF, Oliveira FCB, Silva MM, Passos-Silva DG, Goncalves R, Santos RAS, Da Silva RF, Gavrilescu CM, Paraschiv CM, Manea P, Strat LC, Gomez JMG, Merino D, Hurle MA, Nistal JF, Aires A, Cortajarena AL, Villar AV, Abramowitz J, Birnbaumer L, Gourine AV, Tinker A, Takamura M, Takashima S, Inoue O, Misu H, Takamura T, Kaneko S, Alieva TOHIRA, Mougenot N, Dufilho M, Hatem S, Siegbahn A, Kostina AS, Uspensky VE, Moiseeva OM, Kostareva AA, Malashicheva AB, Van Dijk CGM, Chrifi I, Verhaar MC, Duncker DJ, Cheng C, Sturza A, Petrus A, Duicu O, Kiss L, Danila M, Baczko I, Jost N, Gotzhein F, Schon J, Schwarzl M, Hinrichs S, Blankenberg S, Volker U, Hammer E, Westermann D, Martinez-Martinez E, Arrieta V, Fernandez-Celis A, Jimenez-Alfaro L, Melero A, Alvarez-Asiain V, Cachofeiro V, Lopez-Andres N, Tribulova N, Wallukat G, Knezl V, Radosinska J, Barancik M, Tsinlikov I, Tsinlikova I, Nicoloff G, Blazhev A, Pesevski Z, Kvasilova A, Stopkova T, Eckhardt A, Buffinton CM, Nanka O, Kercheva M, Suslova T, Gusakova A, Ryabova T, Markov V, Karpov R, Seemann H, Alcantara TC, Santuchi MDEC, Fonseca SG, Da Silva RF, Barallobre-Barreiro J, Oklu R, Fava M, Baig F, Yin X, Albadawi H, Jahangiri M, Stoughton J, Mayr M, Podliesna SP, Veerman CCV, Verkerk AOV, Klerk MK, Lodder EML, Mengarelli IM, Bezzina CRB, Remme CAR, Takacs H, Polyak A, Morvay N, Lepran I, Tiszlavicz L, Nagy N, Ordog B, Farkas A, Forster T, Varro A, Farkas AS, Jayaprakash P, Parekh K, Ferdous Z, Oz M, Dobrzynski H, Adrian TE, Landi S, Bonzanni M, D'souza A, Boyett M, Bucchi A, Baruscotti M, Difrancesco D, Barbuti A, Kui P, Takacs H, Oravecz K, Hezso T, Polyak A, Levijoki J, Pollesello P, Koskelainen T, Otsomaa L, Farkas AS, Papp JGY, Varro A, Toth A, Acsai K, Dini L, Mazzoni L, Sartiani L, Cerbai E, Mugelli A, Svatunkova J, Sedmera D, Deffge C, Baer C, Weinert S, Braun-Dullaeus RC, Herold J, Cassar AC, Zahra GZ, Pllaha EP, Dingli PD, Montefort SM, Xuereb RGX, Aschacher T, Messner B, Eichmair E, Mohl W, Reglin B, Rong W, Nitzsche B, Maibier M, Guimaraes P, Ruggeri A, Secomb TW, Pries AR, Baranowska-Kuczko M, Karpinska O, Kusaczuk M, Malinowska B, Kozlowska H, Demikhova N, Vynnychenko L, Prykhodko O, Grechanyk N, Kuryata A, Cottrill KA, Du L, Bjorck HM, Maleki S, Franco-Cereceda A, Chan SY, Eriksson P, Giebe S, Cockcroft N, Hewitt K, Brux M, Brunssen C, Tarasov AA, Davidov SI, Reznikova EA, Tapia Abellan A, Angosto Bazarra D, Pelegrin Vivancos P, Montoro Garcia S, Kastl SP, Pongratz T, Goliasch G, Gaspar L, Maurer G, Huber K, Dostal E, Pfaffenberger S, Oravec S, Wojta J, Speidl WS, Osipova I, Sopotova I, Eligini S, Cosentino N, Marenzi G, Tremoli E, Rami M, Ring L, Steffens S, Gur O, Gurkan S, Mangold A, Scherz T, Panzenboeck A, Staier N, Heidari H, Mueller J, Lang IM, Osipova I, Sopotova I, Gatsiou A, Stamatelopoulos K, Perisic L, John D, Lunella FF, Eriksson P, Hedin U, Zeiher A, Dimmeler S, Nunez L, Moure R, Marron-Linares G, Flores X, Aldama G, Salgado J, Calvino R, Tomas M, Bou G, Vazquez N, Hermida-Prieto M, Vazquez-Rodriguez JM, Amit U, Landa N, Kain D, Tyomkin D, David A, Leor J, Hohensinner PJ, Baumgartner J, Krychtiuk KA, Maurer G, Huber K, Baik N, Miles LA, Wojta J, Seeman H, Montecucco F, Da Silva AR, Costa-Fraga FP, Anguenot L, Mach FP, Santos RAS, Stergiopulos N, Da Silva RF, Kupreishvili K, Vonk ABA, Smulders YM, Van Hinsbergh VWM, Stooker W, Niessen HWM, Krijnen PAJ, Ashmawy MM, Salama MA, Elamrosy MZ, Juettner R, Rathjen FG, Bito V, Crocini C, Ferrantini C, Gabbrielli T, Silvestri L, Coppini R, Tesi C, Cerbai E, Poggesi C, Pavone FS, Sacconi L, Mackova K, Zahradnik I, Zahradnikova A, Diaz I, Sanchez De Rojas De Pedro E, Hmadcha K, Calderon Sanchez E, Benitah JP, Gomez AM, Smani T, Ordonez A, Afanasiev SA, Egorova MV, Popov SV, Wu Qing P, Cheng X, Carnicka S, Pancza D, Jasova M, Kancirova I, Ferko M, Ravingerova T, Wu S, Schneider M, Marggraf V, Verfuerth L, Frede S, Boehm O, Dewald O, Baumgarten G, Kim SC, Farkasova V, Gablovsky I, Bernatova I, Ravingerova T, Nosar V, Portnychenko A, Drevytska T, Mankovska I, Gogvadze V, Sejersen T, Kostareva A, Sturza A, Wolf A, Privistirescu A, Danila M, Muntean D, O ' Gara P, Sanchez-Alonso JL, Harding SE, Lyon AR, Prando V, Pianca N, Lo Verso F, Milan G, Pesce P, Sandri M, Mongillo M, Beffagna G, Poloni G, Dazzo E, Sabatelli P, Doliana R, Polishchuk R, Carnevale D, Lembo G, Bonaldo P, Braghetta P, Rampazzo A, Cairo M, Giralt M, Villarroya F, Planavila A, Biesbroek PS, Emmens RWE, Juffermans LJM, Van Der Wall AC, Van Rossum AC, Niessen JWM, Krijnen PAJ, Moor Morris T, Dilanian G, Farahmand P, Puceat M, Hatem S, Gambino G, Petraglia L, Elia A, Komici K, Femminella GD, D'amico ML, Pagano G, Cannavo A, Liccardo D, Koch WJ, Nolano M, Leosco D, Ferrara N, Rengo G, Amit U, Landa N, Kain D, Leor J, Neary R, Shiels L, Watson C, Baugh J, Palacios B, Escobar B, Alonso AV, Guzman G, Ruiz-Cabello J, Jimenez-Borreguero LJ, Martin-Puig S, Lakomkin VL, Lukoshkova EV, Abramov AA, Gramovich VV, Vyborov ON, Ermishkin VV, Undrovinas NA, Shirinsky VP, Smilde BJ, Woudstra L, Fong Hing G, Wouters D, Zeerleder S, Murk JL, Van Ham SM, Heymans S, Juffermans LJM, Van Rossum AC, Niessen JWM, Krijnen PAJ, Krakhmalova O, Van Groen D, Bogaards SJP, Schalij I, Portnichenko GV, Tumanovska LV, Goshovska YV, Lapikova-Bryhinska TU, Nagibin VS, Dosenko VE, Mendes-Ferreira P, Maia-Rocha C, Santos-Ribeiro D, Potus F, Breuils-Bonnet S, Provencher S, Bonnet S, Rademaker M, Leite-Moreira AF, Bras-Silva C, Lopes J, Kuryata O, Lusynets T, Alikulov I, Nourddine M, Azzouzi L, Habbal R, Tserendavaa SUMIYA, Enkhtaivan ODKHUU, Enkhtaivan ODKHUU, Shagdar ZORIGO, Shagdar ZORIGO, Malchinkhuu MUNKHZ, Malchinkhuu MUNLHZ, Koval S, Starchenko T, Mourino-Alvarez L, Gonzalez-Calero L, Sastre-Oliva T, Lopez JA, Vazquez J, Alvarez-Llamas G, Ruilope LUISM, De La Cuesta F, Barderas MG, Bozzini S, D'angelo A, Pelissero G. Poster session 3Cell growth, differentiation and stem cells - Heart511The role of the endocannabinoid system in modelling muscular dystrophy cardiac disease with induced pluripotent stem cells.512An emerging role of T lymphocytes in cardiac regenerative processes in heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy513Canonical wnt signaling reverses the ‘aged/senescent’ human endogenous cardiac stem cell phenotype514Hippo signalling modulates survival of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes515Biocompatibility of mesenchymal stem cells with a spider silk matrix and its potential use as scaffold for cardiac tissue regeneration516A snapshot of genome-wide transcription in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells (iPSC-HLCs)517Can NOS/sGC/cGK1 pathway trigger the differentiation and maturation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs)?518Introduction of external Ik1 to human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes via Ik1-expressing HEK293519Cell therapy of the heart studied using adult myocardial slices in vitro520Enhancement of the paracrine potential of human adipose derived stem cells when cultured as spheroid bodies521Mechanosensitivity of cardiomyocyte progenitor cells: the strain response in 2D and 3D environments522The effect of the vascular-like network on the maturation of the human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes.Transcriptional control and RNA species - Heart525Gene expression regulation in heart failure: from pathobiology to bioinformatics526Human transcriptome in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy - a novel high throughput screening527A high-throghput approach unveils putative miRNA-mediated mitochondria-targeted cardioprotective circuits activated by T3 in the post ischemia reperfusion setting528The effect of uraemia on the expression of miR-212/132 and the calcineurin pathway in the rat heartCytokines and cellular inflammation - Heart531Lack of growth differentiation factor 15 aggravates adverse cardiac remodeling upon pressure-overload in mice532Blocking heteromerization of platelet chemokines ccl5 and cxcl4 reduces inflammation and preserves heart function after myocardial infarction533Is there an association between low-dose aspirin use and clinical outcome in HFPEF? Implications of modulating monocyte function and inflammatory mediator release534N-terminal truncated intracellular matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression in diabetic heart.535Expression of CD39 and CD73 on peripheral T-cell subsets in calcific aortic stenosis536Mast cells in the atrial myocardium of patients with atrial fibrillation: a comparison with patients in sinus rhythm539Characteristics of the inflammatory response in patients with coronary artery disease and arterial hypertension540Pro-inflammatory cytokines as cardiovascular events predictors in rheumatoid arthritis and asymptomatic atherosclerosis541Characterization of FVB/N murinic bone marrow-derived macrophage polarization into M1 and M2 phenotypes542The biological expression and thoracic anterior pain syndromeSignal transduction - Heart545The association of heat shock protein 90 and TGFbeta receptor I is involved in collagen production during cardiac remodelling in aortic-banded mice546Loss of the inhibitory GalphaO protein in the rostral ventrolateral medulla of the brainstem leads to abnormalities in cardiovascular reflexes and altered ventricular excitablitiy547Selenoprotein P regulates pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling548Study of adenylyl cyclase activity in erythrocyte membranes in patients with chronic heart failure549Direct thrombin inhibitors inhibit atrial myocardium hypertrophy in a rat model of heart failure and atrial remodeling550Tissue factor / FVIIa transactivates the IGF-1R by a Src-dependent phosphorylation of caveolin-1551Notch signaling is differently altered in endothelial and smooth muscle cells of ascending aortic aneurysm patients552Frizzled 5 expression is essential for endothelial proliferation and migration553Modulation of vascular function and ROS production by novel synthetic benzopyran analogues in diabetes mellitusExtracellular matrix and fibrosis - Heart556Cardiac fibroblasts as inflammatory supporter cells trigger cardiac inflammation in heart failure557A role for galectin-3 in calcific aortic valve stenosis558Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids- can they decrease risk for ventricular fibrillation?559Serum levels of elastin derived peptides and circulating elastin-antielastin immune complexes in sera of patients with coronary artery disease560Endocardial fibroelastosis is secondary to hemodynamic alterations in the chick model of hypoplastic left heart syndrome561Dynamics of serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases in primary anterior STEMI patients564Deletion of the alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor changes the vascular remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction in mice.565Extracellular matrix remodelling in response to venous hypertension: proteomics of human varicose veinsIon channels, ion exchangers and cellular electrophysiology - Heart568Microtubule-associated protein RP/EB family member 1 modulates sodium channel trafficking and cardiac conduction569Investigation of electrophysiological abnormalities in a rabbit athlete's heart model570Upregulation of expression of multiple genes in the atrioventricular node of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat571miR-1 as a regulator of sinoatrial rhythm in endurance training adaptation572Selective sodium-calcium exchanger inhibition reduces myocardial dysfunction associated with hypokalaemia and ventricular fibrillation573Effect of racemic and levo-methadone on action potential of human ventricular cardiomyocytes574Acute temperature effects on the chick embryonic heart functionVasculogenesis, angiogenesis and arteriogenesis577Clinical improvement and enhanced collateral vessel growth after monocyte transplantation in mice578The role of HIF-1 alpha, VEGF and obstructive sleep apnoea in the development of coronary collateral circulation579Initiating cardiac repair with a trans-coronary sinus catheter intervention in an ischemia/reperfusion porcine animal model580Early adaptation of pre-existing collaterals after acute arteriolar and venular microocclusion: an in vivo study in chick chorioallantoic membraneEndothelium583EDH-type responses to the activator of potassium KCa2.3 and KCa3.1 channels SKA-31 in the small mesenteric artery from spontaneously hypertensive rats584The peculiarities of endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic renocardial syndrome585Endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries and level of leptin in patient with coronary heart disease in combination with hepatic steatosis depend from body mass index.586Role of non-coding RNAs in thoracic aortic aneurysm associated with bicuspid aortic valve587Cigarette smoke extract abrogates atheroprotective effects of high laminar flow on endothelial function588The prognostic value of anti-connective tissue antibodies in coronary heart disease and asymptomatic atherosclerosis589Novel potential properties of bioactive peptides from spanish dry-cured ham on the endothelium.Lipids592Intermediate density lipoprotein is associated with monocyte subset distribution in patients with stable atherosclerosis593The characteristics of dyslipidemia in rheumatoid arthritisAtherosclerosis596Macrophages differentiated in vitro are heterogeneous: morphological and functional profile in patients with coronary artery disease597Palmitoylethanolamide promotes anti-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages and attenuates plaque formation in ApoE-/- mice598Amiodarone versus esmolol in the perioperative period: an in vitro study of coronary artery bypass grafts599BMPRII signaling of fibrocytes, a mesenchymal progenitor cell population, is increased in STEMI and dyslipidemia600The characteristics of atherogenesis and systemic inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis601Role of adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing in human atherosclerosis602Presence of bacterial DNA in thrombus aspirates of patients with myocardial infarction603Novel E-selectin binding polymers reduce atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE(-/-) mice604Differential expression of the plasminogen receptor Plg-RKT in monocyte and macrophage subsets - possible functional consequences in atherogenesis605Apelin-13 treatment enhances the stability of atherosclerotic plaques606Mast cells are increased in the media of coronary lesions in patients with myocardial infarction and favor atherosclerotic plaque instability607Association of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio with presence of isolated coronary artery ectasiaCalcium fluxes and excitation-contraction coupling610The coxsackie- and adenovirus receptor (CAR) regulates calcium homeostasis in the developing heart611HMW-AGEs application acutely reduces ICaL in adult cardiomyocytes612Measuring electrical conductibility of cardiac T-tubular systems613Postnatal development of cardiac excitation-contraction coupling in rats614Role of altered Ca2+ homeostasis during adverse cardiac remodeling after ischemia/reperfusion615Experimental study of sarcoplasmic reticulum dysfunction and energetic metabolism in failing myocardium associated with diabetes mellitusHibernation, stunning and preconditioning618Volatile anesthetic preconditioning attenuates ischemic-reperfusion injury in type II diabetic patients undergoing on-pump heart surgery619The effect of early and delayed phase of remote ischemic preconditioning on ischemia-reperfusion injury in the isolated hearts of healthy and diabetic rats620Post-conditioning with 1668-thioate leads to attenuation of the inflammatory response and remodeling with less fibrosis and better left ventricular function in a murine model of myocardial infarction621Maturation-related changes in response to ischemia-reperfusion injury and in effects of classical ischemic preconditioning and remote preconditioningMitochondria and energetics624Phase changes in myocardial mitochondrial respiration caused by hypoxic preconditioning or periodic hypoxic training625Desmin mutations depress mitochondrial metabolism626Methylene blue modulates mitochondrial function and monoamine oxidases-related ROS production in diabetic rat hearts627Doxorubicin modulates the real-time oxygen consumption rate of freshly isolated adult rat and human ventricular cardiomyocytesCardiomyopathies and fibrosis630Effects of genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of the ubiquitin/proteasome system on myocardial proteostasis and cardiac function631Suppression of Wnt signalling in a desmoglein-2 transgenic mouse model for arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy632Cold-induced cardiac hypertrophy is reversed after thermo-neutral deacclimatization633CD45 is a sensitive marker to diagnose lymphocytic myocarditis in endomyocardial biopsies of living patients and in autopsies634Atrial epicardial adipose tissue derives from epicardial progenitors635Caloric restriction ameliorates cardiac function, sympathetic cardiac innervation and beta-adrenergic receptor signaling in an experimental model of post-ischemic heart failure636High fat diet improves cardiac remodelling and function after extensive myocardial infarction in mice637Epigenetic therapy reduces cardiac hypertrophy in murine models of heart failure638Imbalance of the VHL/HIF signaling in WT1+ Epicardial Progenitors results in coronary vascular defects, fibrosis and cardiac hypertrophy639Diastolic dysfunction is the first stage of the developing heart failure640Colchicine aggravates coxsackievirus B3 infection in miceArterial and pulmonary hypertension642Osteopontin as a marker of pulmonary hypertension in patients with coronary heart disease combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease643Myocardial dynamic stiffness is increased in experimental pulmonary hypertension partly due to incomplete relaxation644Hypotensive effect of quercetin is possibly mediated by down-regulation of immunotroteasome subunits in aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats645Urocortin-2 improves right ventricular function and attenuates experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension646A preclinical evaluation of the anti-hypertensive properties of an aqueous extract of Agathosma (Buchu)Biomarkers648The adiponectin level in hypertensive females with rheumatoid arthritis and its relationship with subclinical atherosclerosis649Markers for identification of renal dysfunction in the patients with chronic heart failure650cardio-hepatic syndromes in chronic heart failure: North Africa profile651To study other biomarkers that assess during myocardial infarction652Interconnections of apelin levels with parameters of lipid metabolism in hypertension patients653Plasma proteomics in hypertension: prediction and follow-up of albuminuria during chronic renin-angiotensin system suppression654Soluble RAGE levels in plasma of patients with cerebrovascular events. Cardiovasc Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Choi JC, Jarlsberg LG, Grinsdale JA, Osmond DH, Higashi J, Hopewell PC, Kato-Maeda M. Reduced sensitivity of the QuantiFERON(®) test in diabetic patients with smear-negative tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2016; 19:582-8. [PMID: 25868028 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING Immunosuppressive conditions have been associated with low sensitivity of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) and the tuberculin skin test (TST) for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). However, no systematic analysis of patient and bacterial characteristics has been performed before. OBJECTIVE To determine the sensitivity and the risk factors for false-negative QuantiFERON(®)-TB (QFT) assay and TST in TB patients. DESIGN We performed a retrospective analysis of data collected in a community-based study of TB in San Francisco, CA, USA. We included 300 TB patients who underwent QFT and TST. RESULTS The risk factors for false-negative QFT were human immunodeficiency virus infection and the use of QuantiFERON(®)-TB Gold. In patients with sputum smear-negative TB, diabetes mellitus (DM) was associated with false-negative QFT (OR 2.85, 95%CI 1.02-7.97, P = 0.045). TST sensitivity was higher than QFT sensitivity in DM patients (OR 9.46, 95%CI 2.53-35.3). CONCLUSIONS In San Francisco, QFT sensitivity was lower than that of TST, especially in patients with DM. Stratified analysis by sputum smear results showed that this association was specific to smear-negative TB. In contrast, TST was not affected by the presence of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Choi
- Curry International Tuberculosis Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - L G Jarlsberg
- Curry International Tuberculosis Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - J A Grinsdale
- Office of Equity and Quality Improvement, Population Health Division, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - D H Osmond
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - J Higashi
- Tuberculosis Control Program, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - P C Hopewell
- Curry International Tuberculosis Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - M Kato-Maeda
- Curry International Tuberculosis Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA
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Choi JC, Kim J, Kang E, Lee JM, Cha J, Kim YJ, Lee HG, Choi JH, Yi DJ. Brain mechanisms of pain relief by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Eur J Pain 2015; 20:92-105. [PMID: 25847717 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the exact mechanism of TENS pain relief is unknown, it is believed that TENS impulses interrupt nociceptive signals at the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. AIMS To evaluate the hypotheses that during pain caused by noxious stimuli, brain responses, temporal summation and brain functional connectivity are modulated by TENS, and that mechanisms of pain relief by TENS differ between men and women. METHODS During fMRI scanning, the same noxious stimuli were delivered to each participant in pain-only and pain+TENS conditions. In the pain-only condition, noxious stimuli were presented without TENS. In the pain+TENS condition, participants received noxious stimuli and TENS concurrently. Participants were initially presented with TENS at an intensity that was just below that causing discomfort. TENS intensity was presented in a step-wise fashion to prevent temporal summation from repetitive noxious stimuli. RESULTS Pain and unpleasantness ratings were significantly higher in the pain-only than the pain+TENS condition. With non-painful TENS, primary and secondary somatosensory and parietal cortices were activated, and temporal summation from repetitive noxious stimuli was prevented. Periaqueductal gray (PAG) and lateral prefrontal cortex functional connectivity was increased by TENS, and modulated by testosterone and cortisol. Women reported greater pain during TENS than men, and showed greater activation in the temporoparietal junction cortex and increased PAG functional connectivity with the orbitofrontal cortex. CONCLUSION TENS led to pain reduction, probably due to activation of the descending pain-inhibitory pathway, indicating that this TENS method may be applied in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Intensive Care Unit, Brain Research Group, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Psychology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - E Kang
- Department of Psychology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - J-M Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Cha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y J Kim
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - H G Lee
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - J-H Choi
- Julie English Institute, Wonju, South Korea
| | - D-J Yi
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Muchir A, Kim YJ, Reilly SA, Wu W, Choi JC, Worman HJ. Inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling has beneficial effects on skeletal muscle in a mouse model of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy caused by lamin A/C gene mutation. Skelet Muscle 2013; 3:17. [PMID: 23815988 PMCID: PMC3702458 DOI: 10.1186/2044-5040-3-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy is caused by mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA) encoding A-type nuclear lamins, intermediate filament proteins of the nuclear envelope. Classically, the disease manifests as scapulo-humeroperoneal muscle wasting and weakness, early joint contractures and dilated cardiomyopathy with conduction block; however, move variable skeletal muscle involvement can be present. Previously, we demonstrated increased activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 in hearts of LmnaH222P/H222P mice, a model of autosomal Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, and that blocking its activation improved cardiac function. We therefore examined the role of ERK1/2 activity in skeletal muscle pathology. METHODS Sections of skeletal muscle from LmnaH222P/H222P mice were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and histological analysis performed using light microscopy. ERK1/2 activity was assessed in mouse tissue and cultured cells by immunoblotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction to measure expression of downstream target genes. LmnaH222P/H222P mice were treated with selumetinib, which blocks mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase 1/2 that activates ERK1/2, from 16 to 20 weeks of age to assess the effects of treatment on muscle histology, ERK1/2 activity and limb grip strength. RESULTS We detected enhanced activation of ERK1/2 in skeletal muscle of LmnaH222P/H222P mice. Treatment with selumetinib ameliorated skeletal muscle histopathology and reduced serum creatine phosphokinase and aspartate aminotransferase activities. Selumetinib treatment also improved muscle function as assessed by in vivo grip strength testing. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that ERK1/2 plays a role in the development of skeletal muscle pathology in LmnaH222/H222P mice. They further provide the first evidence that a small molecule drug may be beneficial for skeletal muscle in autosomal Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Muchir
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Choi JC, Muchir A, Wu W, Iwata S, Homma S, Morrow JP, Worman HJ. Temsirolimus activates autophagy and ameliorates cardiomyopathy caused by lamin A/C gene mutation. Sci Transl Med 2012; 4:144ra102. [PMID: 22837537 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA), which encodes A-type lamins, cause a diverse range of diseases collectively called laminopathies, the most common of which is dilated cardiomyopathy. Emerging evidence suggests that LMNA mutations cause disease by altering cell signaling pathways, but the specific mechanisms are poorly understood. We show that the AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin pathway is hyperactivated in hearts of mice with cardiomyopathy caused by Lmna mutation and that in vivo administration of the rapamycin analog temsirolimus prevents deterioration of cardiac function. We also show defective autophagy in hearts of these mice and demonstrate that improvement in heart function induced by pharmacological interventions is correlated with enhanced autophagy. These findings provide a rationale for treatment of LMNA cardiomyopathy with rapalogs and implicate defective autophagy as a pathogenic mechanism of cardiomyopathy arising from LMNA mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Choi
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Choi JC, Wu W, Muchir A, Iwata S, Homma S, Worman HJ. Dual specificity phosphatase 4 mediates cardiomyopathy caused by lamin A/C (LMNA) gene mutation. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:40513-24. [PMID: 23048029 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.404541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in LMNA gene cause cardiomyopathy, for which mechanistic insights are lacking. RESULTS Dusp4 expression is enhanced in hearts with LMNA cardiomyopathy, and its overexpression in mice causes it by activating AKT-mTOR signaling that impairs autophagy. CONCLUSIONS Dusp4 causes cardiac dysfunction and may contribute to the development of LMNA cardiomyopathy. SIGNIFICANCE Revealing pathogenic mechanisms of LMNA cardiomyopathy is essential for the development of mechanism-based therapies. Mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA) cause a diverse spectrum of diseases, the most common of which is dilated cardiomyopathy often with skeletal muscular dystrophy. Lamin A and C are fundamental components of the nuclear lamina, a dynamic meshwork of intermediate filaments lining the nuclear envelope inner membrane. Prevailing evidence suggests that the nuclear envelope functions as a signaling node and that abnormality in the nuclear lamina leads to dysregulated signaling pathways that underlie disease pathogenesis. We previously showed that activated ERK1/2 in hearts of a mouse model of LMNA cardiomyopathy (Lmna(H222P/H222P) mice) contributes to disease, but the complete molecular pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Here we uncover a pathogenic role of dual specificity phosphatase 4 (Dusp4), which is transcriptionally induced by ERK1/2. Dusp4 is highly expressed in the hearts of Lmna(H222P/H222P) mice, and transgenic mice with cardiac-selective overexpression of Dusp4 display heart dysfunction similar to LMNA cardiomyopathy. In both primary tissue and cell culture models, overexpression of Dusp4 positively regulates AKT-mTOR signaling, resulting in impaired autophagy. These findings identify a pathogenic role of Dusp4 in LMNA cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Choi
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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14
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Abstract
Mutations in the LMNA gene, which encodes lamin A and C (lamin A/C), cause a diverse spectrum of tissue-selective diseases termed laminopathies. The most prevalent form affects striated muscles as dilated cardiomyopathy with variable skeletal muscle involvement, which includes autosomal Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. Mechanisms underlying the disease pathogenesis are beginning to be understood and they point toward defects in cell signaling. We therefore assessed putative signaling defects in a mouse model carrying a point mutation in Lmna (Lmna (H222P/H222P) ) that faithfully recapitulates human Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. We found that AKT-mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) signaling was hyperactivated in hearts of Lmna (H222P/H222P) mice and that reducing MTOR activity by pharmacological intervention ameliorated cardiomyopathy. Given the central role of MTOR in regulating autophagy, we assessed fasting-induced autophagic responses and found that they were impaired in hearts of these mice. Moreover, the improved heart function associated with pharmacological blockade of MTOR was correlated with enhanced autophagy. These findings demonstrated that signaling defects that impair autophagy underlie pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy arising from LMNA mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Choi
- Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Wang Y, Ostlund C, Choi JC, Swayne TC, Gundersen GG, Worman HJ. Blocking farnesylation of the prelamin A variant in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome alters the distribution of A-type lamins. Nucleus 2012; 3:452-62. [PMID: 22895092 DOI: 10.4161/nucl.21675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the lamin A/C gene that cause Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome lead to expression of a truncated, permanently farnesylated prelamin A variant called progerin. Blocking farnesylation leads to an improvement in the abnormal nuclear morphology observed in cells expressing progerin, which is associated with a re-localization of the variant protein from the nuclear envelope to the nuclear interior. We now show that a progerin construct that cannot be farnesylated is localized primarily in intranuclear foci and that its diffusional mobility is significantly greater than that of farnesylated progerin localized predominantly at the nuclear envelope. Expression of non-farnesylated progerin in transfected cells leads to a redistribution of lamin A and lamin C away from the nuclear envelope into intranuclear foci but does not significantly affect the localization of endogenous lamin B1 at nuclear envelope. There is a similar redistribution of lamin A and lamin C into intranuclear foci in transfected cells expressing progerin in which protein farnesylation is blocked by treatment with a protein farnesyltransferase inhibitor. Blocking farnesylation of progerin can lead to a redistribution of normal A-type lamins away from the inner nuclear envelope. This may have implications for using drugs that block protein prenylation to treat children with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. These findings also provide additional evidence that A-type and B-type lamins can form separate microdomains within the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexia Wang
- Department of Medicine; College of Physicians and Surgeons; Columbia University; New York, NY, USA
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Abstract
Stress increases cortisol and decreases testosterone. It is not known whether pain is affected by stress-related testosterone. Therefore, we investigated whether stress can affect pain perception by decreasing testosterone and increasing cortisol. Pain thresholds, pain and anxiety ratings and salivary testosterone and cortisol levels were measured in 46 healthy men during resting and stressful conditions. Pain was induced by electrical stimulation. Stress was induced by having participants perform a medical test. Stress significantly increased anxiety ratings and salivary cortisol levels, but decreased salivary testosterone levels. Stress also increased pain ratings and decreased pain thresholds. During stress, cortisol levels were negatively correlated with pain thresholds and testosterone levels were positively correlated with pain thresholds. Results indicated that testosterone can decrease and cortisol can increase pain induced by electrical stimulation, suggesting that acute clinical pain may be relieved by controlling stress and managing consequent stress-related testosterone and cortisol.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Brain Research Group, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, South Korea.
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Muchir A, Wu W, Choi JC, Iwata S, Morrow J, Homma S, Worman HJ. Abnormal p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in dilated cardiomyopathy caused by lamin A/C gene mutation. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 21:4325-33. [PMID: 22773734 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously interrogated the transcriptome in heart tissue from Lmna(H222P/H222P) mice, a mouse model of cardiomyopathy caused by lamin A/C gene (LMNA) mutation, and found that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Jun N-terminal kinase branches of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathway were abnormally hyperactivated prior to the onset of significant cardiac impairment. We have now used an alternative gene expression analysis tool to reanalyze this transcriptome and identify hyperactivation of a third branch of the MAP kinase cascade, p38α signaling. Biochemical analysis of hearts from Lmna(H222P/H222P) mice showed enhanced p38α activation prior to and after the onset of heart disease as well as in hearts from human subjects with cardiomyopathy caused by LMNA mutations. Treatment of Lmna(H222P/H222P) mice with the p38α inhibitor ARRY-371797 prevented left ventricular dilatation and deterioration of fractional shortening compared with placebo-treated mice but did not block the expression of collagen genes involved in cardiac fibrosis. These results demonstrate that three different branches of the MAP kinase signaling pathway with overlapping consequences are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy caused by LMNA mutations. They further suggest that pharmacological inhibition of p38α may be useful in the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Muchir
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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Jeon K, Choi WI, An JS, Lim SY, Kim WJ, Park GM, Park SS, Choi HS, Lee BH, Choi JC, Na MJ, Park J, Kim JY. Paradoxical response in HIV-negative patients with pleural tuberculosis: a retrospective multicentre study. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 16:846-51. [PMID: 22507441 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence, clinical characteristics and predicting factors for the development of paradoxical response in human immunodeficiency virus negative patients with isolated pleural tuberculosis (TB). DESIGN A multicentre, retrospective cohort study including 458 patients who were diagnosed and treated with isolated pleural TB between March 2005 and February 2010. RESULTS Paradoxical response developed in 72 patients (16%) with isolated pleural TB. The mean time to development of paradoxical response was 8.8 ± 6.4 weeks after initiation of anti-tuberculosis treatment. The main presentation of paradoxical response was aggravation of pre-existing pleural effusion in 58 patients (81%). However, the majority of the patients who developed paradoxical response had no associated symptoms (n = 49, 68%). In multiple logistic regression analysis, development of paradoxical response was independently associated with the proportion of eosinophils (adjusted OR 1.293, 95%CI 1.077-1.553) and protein concentrations (adjusted OR 0.590, 95%CI 0.397-0.878) in the pleural fluid at the time of diagnosis. CONCLUSION Paradoxical response developed in 16% of the patients approximately 2 months after initiation of anti-tuberculosis treatment, presenting with aggravation of pre-existing pleural effusion. Development of paradoxical response was associated with the proportion of eosinophils and protein concentrations in the pleural fluid at the time of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jeon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Huo JL, Choi JC, DeLuna A, Lee D, Fleischmann D, Berry GJ, Deuse T, Haddad F. Cardiac Paraganglioma: Diagnostic and Surgical Challenges. J Card Surg 2012; 27:178-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8191.2011.01378.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Choi WI, Yim JJ, Park J, Kim SC, Na MJ, Lee WY, Hong SB, Choi HS, Jang SH, Kim WJ, Jeon K, Kim JH, Choi JC, Lee CH, Kim CH, Kim JY. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of H1N1-associated pneumonia among adults in South Korea. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2011; 15:270-i. [PMID: 21219693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pneumonia has been reported to be the most life-threatening complication of influenza virus infection. OBJECTIVE to describe clinical characteristics and determine risk factors for death among patients with H1N1-associated pneumonia. DESIGN A retrospective cohort study included all adult patients diagnosed and treated with H1N1-associated pneumonia in 14 participating institutions between 1 May 2009 and 28 February 2010 in South Korea. Clinical outcomes were summarised and predictors for death evaluated through univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS A total of 269 adult patients with H1N1-associated pneumonia were diagnosed and treated. Hospital visits or admissions peaked in November 2009, coinciding with the peak in the 2009 H1N1 epidemic in South Korea. The patients' median age was 48 years; 143 were male. Most (n = 266, 98.9%) were admitted for treatment: 97 (36.1%) required intensive care and 28 (10.4%) needed mechanical ventilation. Despite the use of antiviral and antibacterial agents, 19 patients (7.1%) died. Risk factors predictive of death included presence of malignancy (aOR 12.0, 95%CI 2.8-51.5), and pneumonia severity index (PSI) score (aOR 1.03, 95%CI 1.01-1.04). CONCLUSION Deaths among adult patients with H1N1-associated pneumonia were not rare. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of a poor prognosis among H1N1-associated pneumonia patients with underlying malignancy or high PSI score.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
- Chi-Square Distribution
- Critical Care
- Female
- Hospitalization
- Humans
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/pathogenicity
- Influenza, Human/diagnosis
- Influenza, Human/mortality
- Influenza, Human/therapy
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Logistic Models
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Odds Ratio
- Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis
- Pneumonia, Viral/mortality
- Pneumonia, Viral/therapy
- Pneumonia, Viral/virology
- Republic of Korea/epidemiology
- Respiration, Artificial
- Retrospective Studies
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Factors
- Severity of Illness Index
- Survival Analysis
- Survival Rate
- Time Factors
- Treatment Outcome
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- W-I Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Ostlund C, Folker ES, Choi JC, Gomes ER, Gundersen GG, Worman HJ. Dynamics and molecular interactions of linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex proteins. J Cell Sci 2009; 122:4099-108. [PMID: 19843581 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.057075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex is situated in the nuclear envelope and forms a connection between the lamina and cytoskeletal elements. Sun1, Sun2 and nesprin-2 are important components of the LINC complex. We expressed these proteins fused to green fluorescent protein in embryonic fibroblasts and studied their diffusional mobilities using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. We show that they all are more mobile in embryonic fibroblasts from mice lacking A-type lamins than in cells from wild-type mice. Knockdown of Sun2 also increased the mobility of a short, chimeric form of nesprin-2 giant (mini-nesprin-2G), whereas the lack of emerin did not affect the mobility of Sun1, Sun2 or mini-nesprin-2G. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiments showed Sun1 to be more closely associated with lamin A than is Sun2. Sun1 and Sun2 had similar affinity for the nesprin-2 KASH domain in plasmon surface resonance (Biacore) experiments. This affinity was ten times higher than that previously reported between nesprin-2 and actin. Deletion of the actin-binding domain had no effect on mini-nesprin-2G mobility. Our data support a model in which A-type lamins and Sun2 anchor nesprin-2 in the outer nuclear membrane, whereas emerin, Sun1 and actin are dispensable for this anchoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Ostlund
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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22
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Abstract
Trophoblast cells are the first cells to differentiate from the developing mammalian embryo, and they subsequently form the blastocyst-derived component of the placenta. IFN-gamma plays critical roles in activating innate and adaptive immunity, as well as apoptosis. In mice, IFN-gamma is produced in the pregnant uterus, and is essential for formation of the decidual layer of the placenta and remodeling of the uterine vasculature. Responses of mouse trophoblast cells to IFN-gamma appear to be selective, for IFN-gamma activates MHC class I expression and enhances phagocytosis, but fails to activate either MHC class II expression or apoptosis in these cells. To investigate the molecular basis for the selective IFN-gamma responsiveness of mouse trophoblast cells, IFN-gamma-inducible gene expression was examined in the trophoblast cell lines SM9 and M-11, trophoblast stem cells, and trophoblast stem cell-derived giant cells. IFN-gamma-inducible expression of multiple genes, including IFN regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), was significantly reduced in trophoblast cells compared with fibroblast cells. Decreased IRF-1 mRNA expression in trophoblast cells was due to a reduced rate of IRF-1 transcription relative to fibroblast cells. However, no impairment of STAT-1 tyrosine phosphorylation or DNA-binding capacity was observed in IFN-gamma-treated mouse trophoblast cells. Importantly, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors significantly enhanced IFN-gamma-inducible gene expression in trophoblast cells, but not fibroblasts. Our collective studies demonstrate that IFN-gamma-inducible gene expression is repressed in mouse trophoblast cells by HDACs. We propose that HDAC-mediated inhibition of IFN-gamma-inducible gene expression in mouse trophoblast cells may contribute to successful pregnancy by preventing activation of IFN-gamma responses that might otherwise facilitate the destruction of the placenta.
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Lee JS, Choi JC, Kang SY, Kang JH, Park JK. Heat stroke: increased signal intensity in the bilateral cerebellar dentate nuclei and splenium on diffusion-weighted MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009; 30:E58. [PMID: 19179428 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Zhou Y, Cui CL, Schlussman SD, Choi JC, Ho A, Han JS, Kreek MJ. Effects of cocaine place conditioning, chronic escalating-dose "binge" pattern cocaine administration and acute withdrawal on orexin/hypocretin and preprodynorphin gene expressions in lateral hypothalamus of Fischer and Sprague-Dawley rats. Neuroscience 2008; 153:1225-34. [PMID: 18436386 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2007] [Revised: 02/02/2008] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests an important role for hypothalamic orexins/hypocretins in modulation of drug reward and addiction-like behaviors in rodents. Our recent study has shown that the aversive state of arousal during acute morphine withdrawal is associated with increased orexin gene expression in lateral hypothalamus (LH) of Fischer 344 (F344) inbred rats, with no change in the expression of preprodynorphin (ppDyn), a gene co-expressed with LH orexin. Therefore, we determined whether orexin and ppDyn mRNA levels in LH or medial hypothalamus (including perifornical and dorsomedial areas) of F344 or Sprague-Dawley (SD) outbred rats, are altered following: 1) cocaine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) conditioned place preference (CPP); 2) chronic (14 days) cocaine exposure using both "binge" pattern administration in steady-dose (45 mg/kg/day) and escalating-dose (45-90 mg/kg/day) regimens; and 3) acute (1 day) and chronic (14 days) withdrawal from cocaine with opioid receptor antagonist naloxone treatment (1 mg/kg). We found that orexin mRNA levels were decreased after cocaine place conditioning in the LH of SD rats. A decreased LH orexin mRNA level was also observed after chronic escalating-dose cocaine (but not CPP pattern regimen without conditioning, or steady-dose regimen) in both strains. In F344 rats only, acute withdrawal from chronic escalating-dose cocaine administration resulted in increases in both LH orexin and ppDyn mRNA levels, which were unaltered by naloxone or after chronic withdrawal. Our results suggest that (1) alteration of LH orexin gene expression is region-specific after cocaine place conditioning in SD rats and dose-dependent after chronic exposure in both strains; and (2) increased LH orexin and ppDyn gene expressions in F344 rats may contribute to negative affective states in cocaine withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhou
- Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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25
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Park JG, Park JW, Kim DW, Seo HG, Nam BH, Lee JS, Choi JC, Kim IS, Boyle P. Factors influencing attitudes to legislation banning the manufacture and sale of tobacco products. Tob Control 2008; 17:142-3. [DOI: 10.1136/tc.2007.024174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Choi JC, Holtz R, Petroff MG, Alfaidy N, Murphy SP. Dampening of IFN-gamma-inducible gene expression in human choriocarcinoma cells is due to phosphatase-mediated inhibition of the JAK/STAT-1 pathway. J Immunol 2007; 178:1598-607. [PMID: 17237409 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.3.1598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Trophoblast cells (TBCs) form the blastocyst-derived component of the placenta and play essential roles in fetal maintenance. The proinflammatory cytokine IFN-gamma plays a central role in activating cellular immunity, controlling cell proliferation, and inducing apoptosis. IFN-gamma is secreted by uterine NK cells in the placenta during pregnancy and in mice is required for proper formation of the decidual layer and remodeling of the uterine vasculature. Despite the presence of IFN-gamma in the placenta, TBCs do not express either MHC class Ia or class II Ags, and are resistant to IFN-gamma-mediated apoptosis. In this study, we demonstrate that IFN-gamma-induced expression of multiple genes is significantly reduced in human trophoblast-derived choriocarcinoma cells relative to HeLa epithelial or fibroblast cells. These results prompted us to investigate the integrity of the JAK/STAT-1 pathway in these cells. Choriocarcinoma cells and HeLa cells express comparable levels of the IFN-gamma receptor. However, tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK-2 is compromised in IFN-gamma-treated choriocarcinoma cells. Moreover, phosphorylation of STAT-1 at tyrosine 701 is substantially reduced in both IFN-gamma-treated human choriocarcinoma and primary TBCs compared with HeLa cells or primary foreskin fibroblasts. A corresponding reduction of both IFN regulatory factor 1 mRNA and protein expression was observed in IFN-gamma-treated TBCs. Treatment of choriocarcinoma cells with the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor pervanadate significantly enhanced IFN-gamma-inducible JAK and STAT-1 tyrosine phosphorylation and select IFN-gamma-inducible gene expression. We propose that phosphatase-mediated suppression of IFN-gamma signaling in TBCs contributes to fetal maintenance by inhibiting expression of genes that could be detrimental to successful pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Choi
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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27
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Abstract
The role of bronchoscopic management in post-tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis is not well defined. To investigate the role of bronchoscopic intervention, including silicone stenting, in the management of post-tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis, the current retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary referral hospital. Under rigid bronchoscopy, 80 patients underwent ballooning, neodymium-yttrium aluminium garnet laser resection and/or bougienation as first-line methods of airway dilatation between January 2000 and December 2003 inclusive, and were followed for a median of 41 months. Silicone stents were required in 75 out of 80 (94%) patients to maintain airway patency. Bronchoscopic intervention provided immediate symptomatic relief and improved lung function in 88% of the patients. After airway stabilisation, stents were removed successfully in 49 out of 75 (65%) patients at a median of 14 months post-insertion. Three patients out of 75 (4%) eventually underwent surgical management. Acute complications included: excessive bleeding (n = 1); pneumothorax (n = 5); and pneumomediastinum without mortality (n = 2). Stent-related late complications, such as migration (51%), granuloma formation (49%), mucostasis (19%) and re-stenosis (40%), were controllable during a median follow-up of 41 months. In conclusion, bronchoscopic intervention, including silicone stenting, could be a useful and safe method for treating post-tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Ryu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, Dongdaemun Hospital, Ewha Womans University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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29
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Choi JC, Yang JH, Lee UH, Park HS, Chun DK. Progressive cribriform and zosteriform hyperpigmentation - the late onset linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2005; 19:638-9. [PMID: 16164727 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2005.01201.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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31
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Abstract
We report a case of onychomycosis caused by Candida tropicalis in a 107-day-old infant.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Chun
- Department of Dermatology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Abstract
Trophoblast cells are unique because they are one of the few mammalian cell types that do not express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens, either constitutively or after exposure to IFN-gamma. The absence of MHC class II antigen expression on trophoblast cells has been postulated to be one of the essential mechanisms by which the semi-allogeneic fetus evades immune rejection reactions by the maternal immune system. Consistent with this hypothesis, trophoblast cells from the placentas of women suffering from chronic inflammation of unknown etiology and spontaneous recurrent miscarriages have been reported to aberrantly express MHC class II antigens. The lack of MHC class II antigen expression on trophoblast cells is due to silencing of expression of the class II transactivator (CIITA), a transacting factor that is essential for constitutive and IFN-gamma-inducible MHC class II gene transcription. Transfection of trophoblast cells with CIITA expression vectors activates both MHC class II and class Ia antigen expression, which confers on trophoblast cells both the ability to activate helper T cells, and sensitivity to lysis by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Collectively, these studies strongly suggest that stringent silencing of CIITA (and therefore MHC class II) gene expression in trophoblast cells is critical for the prevention of immune rejection responses against the fetus by the maternal immune system. The focus of this review is to summarize studies examining the novel mechanisms by which CIITA is silenced in trophoblast cells. The elucidation of the silencing of CIITA in trophoblast cells may shed light on how the semi-allogeneic fetus evades immune rejection by the maternal immune system during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn P Murphy
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Jason C Choi
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Renae Holtz
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Holtz R, Choi JC, Petroff MG, Piskurich JF, Murphy SP. Class II transactivator (CIITA) promoter methylation does not correlate with silencing of CIITA transcription in trophoblasts. Biol Reprod 2003; 69:915-24. [PMID: 12748124 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.103.017103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast cells are unique because they do not express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens, either constitutively or after exposure to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). The absence of MHC class II antigens on trophoblasts is thought to play a critical role in preventing rejection of the fetus by the maternal immune system. The inability of trophoblasts to express MHC class II genes is primarily due to lack of the class II transactivator (CIITA), a transacting factor that is required for constitutive and IFN-gamma-inducible MHC class II transcription. We, therefore, investigated the silencing of CIITA expression in trophoblasts. In transient transfection assays, transcription from the IFN-gamma-responsive CIITA type IV promoter was upregulated by IFN-gamma in trophoblasts, which suggests that CIITA is silenced by an epigenetic mechanism in these cells. Polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that the CIITA type IV promoter is methylated in both the human choriocarcinoma cell lines JEG-3 and Jar and in 2fTGH fibrosarcoma cells, which are IFN-gamma inducible for CIITA. Conversely, methylation of the CIITA type IV promoter was not observed in human primary cytotrophoblasts isolated from term placentae or in mouse or rat trophoblast cell lines. Simultaneous treatment with IFN-gamma and the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A weakly activated CIITA transcription in mouse trophoblasts. Stable hybrids between human choriocarcinoma and fibrosarcoma cells and between mouse trophoblasts and fibroblasts expressed CIITA following treatment with IFN-gamma. These results suggest that silencing of CIITA transcription is recessive in trophoblasts and involves an epigenetic mechanism other than promoter methylation. The fact that CIITA is expressed in the stable hybrids implies that trophoblasts may be missing a factor that regulates chromatin structure at the CIITA promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renae Holtz
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
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Choi JC, Sims CD, Casanova R, Shore JW, Yaremchuk MJ. Porous polyethylene implant for orbital wall reconstruction. J Craniomaxillofac Trauma 2002; 1:42-9. [PMID: 11951488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Short-term and intermediate-term results from clinical use of high-density porous polyethylene implants for reconstructive orbital surgery have been encouraging. This article presents an intermediate-term result from one institution with a comprehensive comparative analysis of other available alloplastic materials. A patient survey of 32 cases of orbital reconstruction using porous polyethylene sheet implants was performed, with a mean follow-up period of 32 months (range 15 to 67). All cases were trauma-related injuries. The result was compared with that of published reports of other alloplastic materials with specific emphasis on complication rates. Complication rate following the use of porous polyethylene sheet implants was 6%. This finding was consistent with those of other reports on porous polyethylene sheet implants. A consistent, satisfactory surgical outcome and low complication rate were observed. In the authors' review, the porous polyethylene implants compared favorably in a comparative analysis of other alloplastic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Plastics and Orbit Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethanol is generally believed to inhibit extracellular Ca2+ influx, thereby inhibiting gastric muscle contraction. Recently, we observed that verapamil inhibited only the amplitude of spontaneous phasic contractions, whereas ethanol inhibited both amplitude and frequency. In our objective to investigate the mechanism of ethanol's inhibition of gastric motility, the involvement of various protein kinases in ethanol-inhibited spontaneous phasic contractions of the stomach muscle strips was tested. METHODS Circular muscle strips (2.0 x 0.2 cm) were prepared from the corpus of cat stomach in order to measure isometric contraction in a chamber filled with Krebs-Ringer solution (pH 7.4, temperature 36 degrees C) bubbled with 5% CO2 in O2. RESULTS Spontaneous phasic contraction was not affected by various receptor antagonists (I microM atropine, 1 microM hexamethonium, 1 microM phentolamine and 1 microM propranolol) or 1 microM tetrodotoxin. EGTA and verapamil dose-dependently inhibited only the amplitude of spontaneous phasic contractions and not the frequency. Ethanol dose-dependently inhibited both the amplitude and frequency of phasic contractions. The amplitude and frequency of spontaneous phasic contractions were significantly inhibited by protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, neither protein kinase C activator nor various phosphatase inhibitors blocked the inhibitory effect of ethanol. CONCLUSIONS Ethanol appears to inhibit spontaneous phasic contractions by a mechanism other than the inhibition of protein kinase C or tyrosine kinase or the inhibition of extracellular Ca2+ influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Sim
- Dept of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Socho-gu, Seoul
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Jang KA, Choi JC, Choi JH. Expression of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen and TIA-1 by lymphocytes in pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta and lymphomatoid papulosis: immunohistochemical study. J Cutan Pathol 2001; 28:453-9. [PMID: 11553311 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0560.2001.028009453.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA) and lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) are benign self-healing cutaneous eruptions that may be clinically and histologically similar. The purposes of this study were to evaluate immunohistological characteristics of PLEVA and LyP and to investigate whether Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) may be present in PLEVA and LyP. METHODS We performed an immunohistochemical staining in 12 cases of PLEVA and 8 cases of LyP using nine antibodies for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD30, CD45RO, CD56, CD79, cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA), and TIA-1. In situ hybridization was performed using fluorescein-conjugated oligonucleotide probes for EBV early regions (EBER). RESULTS In PLEVA, immunohistochemical studies revealed that infiltrated lymphocytes consisted of mainly CD3-positive (5+), CD8-positive (4+ to 5+), CLA-positive (4+ to 5+) T cells and partly CD79 positive (+ to 2+) B cells. CD4-positive T cells were less than 25%. In LyP, immunohistochemical studies revealed that infiltrated lymphocytes consisted of partly CD3-positive (5+), CD8-positive (2+ to 3+), CLA-positive (3+ to 4+) T cells and partly CD79-positive (2+ to 3+) B cells. CD4-positive T cells were less than 10%. CD8 and CLA were more strongly expressed in PLEVA than in LyP. CD30 was strongly expressed in LyP but not expressed in PLEVA. CD79 was more expressed in LyP than in PLEVA. TIA-1 was not expressed in any cases. In situ hybridization using antisense EBER probe showed negative reaction in all cases. CONCLUSIONS Immunohistochemical stains for CD8, CD30, CD79 and CLA may be valuable tools in the differential diagnosis between PLEVA and LyP. TIA-1 was negative in LyP, which means cytotoxic cells may not be implicated in the pathogenesis of LyP. It was a contradictory result to the previous results. The absence of EBV in PLEVA and LyP suggests that this virus may not be operative in the pathogenesis of these diseases. These results suggest that LyP and PLEVA are separate disorders, thus accounting for their variable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Jang
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje-Univeristy, Seoul, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Januzzi
- Thoracic Aortic Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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Abstract
Xanthogranuloma (XG) is an uncommon benign disorder characterized by solitary or multiple yellow-red papulonodules on the skin, and occasionally, in other organs. It is predominantly a disease of infancy or early childhood, although adults may rarely be affected. To compare the clinicohistopathological featues of juvenile-type xanthogranulomas UXGs) and adult-type xanthogranulomas (AXGs) (>14 years) in Korea, 30 cases of JXGs and 15 cases of AXGs were compared clinically and histopathologically. Except for the fact AXGs were more often solitary and larger and showed neither other associated systemic diseases nor spontaneous regression, the clinical features such as color, mean number, or site of the lesions in AXGs were not statistically different from JXGs. Histologically, AXCs were not significantly different in amounts of foamy cells, giant cells including Touton cells, and inflammatory cells, although subcutaneous involvement was seen only in the two infant cases. In conclusion, in contrast to AXGs, JXGs need special attention to accompanying systemic diseases and do not need excisional procedures, considering their frequent spontaneous regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Chang
- Deparment of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
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Choi JC, Kobayashi Y, Sakakura T. C-H bond activation in dense carbon dioxide: rhodium-catalyzed methane carbonylation and alkane dehydrogenation. J Org Chem 2001; 66:5262-3. [PMID: 11463285 DOI: 10.1021/jo0102967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J C Choi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
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Sim SS, Choi JC, Min DS, Rhie DJ, Yoon SH, Hahn SJ, Kim CJ, Kim MS, Jo YH. The involvement of phospholipase A(2) in ethanol-induced gastric muscle contraction. Eur J Pharmacol 2001; 413:281-5. [PMID: 11226404 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(01)00753-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To understand the underlying mechanism of ethanol in tonic contraction, the effect of ethanol on phospholipase A(2) and phospholipase C activities and the effects of phospholipase inhibitors on ethanol-induced contraction of cat gastric smooth muscle were tested. Circular muscle strips (2.0 x 0.2 cm) obtained from the fundus of cat stomach were used to measure isometric contraction. Ethanol elicited tonic contraction and activated phospholipase A(2) activity in a dose-dependent manner. Phospholipase A(2) inhibitors, manoalide (0.1--10 microM) and oleyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (1--10 microM), significantly inhibited ethanol-induced contraction. Furthermore, 342 mM ethanol-induced contraction was significantly inhibited by cyclooxygenase inhibitors, ibuprofen (10--100 microM) and indomethacin (10--100 microM), but not by lipoxygenase inhibitors. On the other hand, phospholipase C inhibitors had no effect on ethanol-induced contraction, indicating that phospholipase C is not involved in ethanol-induced contraction. It is suggested from the above results that ethanol-induced contraction in cat gastric smooth muscle is, in part, mediated by phospholipase A(2) and cyclooxygenase pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Sim
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Huksuk-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea
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Sim SS, Kim YC, Shim HS, Choi JC, Min DS, Rhie DJ, Yoon SH, Hahn SJ, Kim MS, Jo YH. Involvement of cyclic GMP in nitric-oxide-induced gastric relaxation Comparison of the actions of cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP. Scand J Gastroenterol 2001; 36:16-22. [PMID: 11218234 DOI: 10.1080/00365520150218011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smooth muscle relaxation induced by various agents that increase the cellular levels of cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cGMP) is accompanied by a decrease in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. However, little is known about the differences between the inhibitory effects of cAMP and cGMP on the contraction of smooth muscle. OBJECTIVE To compare the effects and underlying mechanisms of cAMP and cGMP on the inhibition of gastric smooth muscle contraction, cyclic nucleotide promoting agents, as well as cell membrane permeable cyclic nucleotides were used. METHODS Isometric contraction was measured from circular muscle strips prepared from the fundus of cat stomach in a cylinder-shaped chamber filled with Krebs-Ringer solution (pH 7.4, temperature 36 degrees C) bubbled with 5% CO2 in O2. The level of inositol phosphates (IPs) was measured. RESULTS Forskolin and sodium nitroprusside significantly inhibited acetylcholine (ACh)-induced gastric smooth muscle contraction and increased the cellular levels of cAMP and cGMP, respectively. Direct application of 8-Br-cAMP and 8-Br-cGMP also significantly inhibited ACh-induced contraction. Both verapamil and TMB-8 inhibited ACh-induced contraction. The combined inhibitory effect of verapamil and TMB-8 was significantly greater than the effect of either one, separately. Forskolin or sodium nitroprusside similarly augmented the effect of verapamil. However, the inhibitory effect of TMB-8 was augmented only by 8-Br-cGMP or sodium nitroprusside but not by 8-BrcAMP or forskolin. Forskolin and 8-Br-cAMP significantly inhibited the formation of inositol phosphates stimulated by ACh. CONCLUSIONS cAMP inhibits the contraction mechanism associated with intracellular Ca2+ mobilization as well as extracellular Ca2+ influx, while cGMP inhibits contraction by inhibiting the mechanism associated with extracellular Ca2+ influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Sim
- Dept of Physiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
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Kostanian V, Choi JC, Liker MA, Go JL, Zee CS. Computed tomographic characteristics of chronic subdural hematomas. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2000; 11:479-89. [PMID: 10918018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Although medical history and physical examination should lead to diagnosis of chronic subdural hematomas, 40% of these patients are likely to be misdiagnosed because many of these symptoms occur in other disease processes, such as transient ischemic attacks, stroke, dementia, and tumors. Computed tomography remains one of the most useful tools in the evaluation of these patients because of its rapidity, cost, availability, and pathologic sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kostanian
- Department of Radiology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA
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Sponseller PD, Ahn NU, Choi JC, Ahn UM. Orthopedic problems in Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. J Pediatr Orthop 1999; 19:596-602. [PMID: 10488858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is an X-linked disorder of purine metabolism. The orthopedic problems and results of treatment of nine Lesch-Nyhan patients are reviewed. Associated orthopedic problems included hip subluxation or dislocation (nine of 18 hips), fractures (three), autoamputation, infections (three), minor scoliosis, and contractures. Lesch-Nyhan patients can safely undergo orthopedic procedures and the results of surgery are satisfactory and similar to those of patients with spastic cerebral palsy. All of the seven operated-on hips maintained good reduction at 6-year mean follow-up. With adequate cast technique, fractures and hip subluxation/dislocation may be treated successfully. The treating orthopedist should be aware of the increased incidence of heterotopic ossification in this population, as well as the potential for serious complications such as hardware failure or femur fracture, if appropriate immobilization is not used.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Sponseller
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions and Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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47
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Nam KJ, Jung WJ, Choi JC, Koo BS, Park BH, Lee KN, Han SY, Shin WW, Han SS. Hepatic involvement in hypereosinophilia: sonographic findings. J Ultrasound Med 1999; 18:475-479. [PMID: 10400050 DOI: 10.7863/jum.1999.18.7.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Hypereosinophilic syndrome may cause eosinophil-related tissue damage to various organs. The purpose of this paper is to describe sonographic findings in 13 patients with hypereosinophilia in whom the liver was involved. The diagnosis in these 13 patients was based on liver biopsy in seven patients with bone marrow biopsy in six patients. Eight patients had hypereosinophilic syndrome and five patients had clonorchiasis. All 13 patients had mild to marked hepatomegaly. Seven of 13 patients showed multiple round or oval hypoechoic (n = 6) or variably echogenic (n = 1) lesions measuring 1 to 2 cm with poorly defined margins in both lobes of the liver. Four patients had one or two hypoechoic lesions 3 to 4 cm in size, with geographic pattern and poorly defined margins. Two patients showed diffuse hepatomegaly with increased parenchymal echogenicity. The number of lesions and the extent of diffuse lesions seem to be proportional to the degree of eosinophilia. Hypereosinophilia may produce multiple small focal hepatic lesions or diffuse segmental or lobar echogenic lesions simulating primary or metastatic tumor of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Nam
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Dong-A University, College of Medicine #1, Pusan, Korea
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Choi JC, Ingenito AC, Nanda RK, Smith DH, Wuu CS, Chin LJ, Schiff PB. Potential decreased morbidity of interstitial brachytherapy for gynecologic malignancies using laparoscopy: A pilot study. Gynecol Oncol 1999; 73:210-5. [PMID: 10329036 DOI: 10.1006/gyno.1999.5354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This pilot study was designed to prospectively assess whether the addition of laparoscopy at the time of interstitial brachytherapy is safe, provides verification and/or guidance of needle placement, and results in a reduction of treatment-related morbidity. METHODS Between 7/93 and 2/97 15 consecutive eligible patients were entered into this study. All patients received external pelvic radiation to a dose range between 45 and 61.20 Gy using 1.8-Gy fractions. In each patient the minimum prescribed dose for the brachytherapy portion was 20 Gy. Minimum cumulative doses to sites of gross disease ranged from 71.8 to 115.3 Gy. A Syed-Neblett afterloading perineal template was used in all the procedures. Laparoscopy using established guidelines was performed during placement of interstitial needles. During template placement, verification of interstitial needles on laparoscopy and any subsequent changes or needle rearrangement were noted. RESULTS No acute radiation toxicity greater than Grade 2 was noted during the external beam portion of treatment, and no perioperative complications were encountered. These needles were withdrawn under laparoscopic guidance to just below the peritoneal reflection, avoiding proximity to the bowel and improving tumor coverage. Median follow-up time was 26 months. No late radiation morbidity greater than Grade 2 nor any laparoscopic-related complications were noted. To date, one patient has died of disease; six are alive with disease; and eight are alive free of disease with a mean disease-free survival of 17.3 months. CONCLUSION Laparoscopy at the time of interstitial brachytherapy appears to be safe. No radiation toxicity greater than Grade 2 has developed. No perioperative complications were seen with the addition of laparoscopy. The addition of laparoscopy to the placement of transperineal interstitial implants impacted needle arrangement and/or loading of sources in 50% of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Physicians & Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE To verify if a Medpor porous polyethylene orbital implant (PPOI) (Porex Surgical, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A.), once vascularized, will tolerate a partially exposed titanium screw on its anterior surface. METHODS Ten New Zealand white rabbits were enucleated and given Medpor PPOIs. Eight weeks postoperatively, Medpor Motility Coupling Posts (MCPs) (Porex Surgical) were placed into the orbital implants. Clinical tissue tolerance and histologic response to the new device were noted. RESULTS The titanium screws were well tolerated by the animals. No case of post-operative infection, conjunctival inflammation, conjunctival erosion, MCP dislocation, or PPOI fragmentation was noted. A fibrous tissue growth over the titanium head was noted in all screws with a head height of 2.5 mm. The fibrous tissue overgrowth was not observed in screws with a head height of 4 mm or more. CONCLUSION During the 6-month observation period, all implanted Medpor MCPs demonstrated favorable tissue tolerance and stable interfaces between the MCP and the conjunctiva and between the MCP and the PPOI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Choi
- Limberg Eye Surgery, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
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50
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Choi JC, Fleming JC, Aitken PA, Shore JW. Porous polyethylene channel implants: a modified porous polyethylene sheet implant designed for repairs of large and complex orbital wall fractures. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 1999; 15:56-66. [PMID: 9949431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effectiveness of a modified porous polyethylene implant in orbital fracture repair. A porous polyethylene channel implant (PPCI) has internal channels that accept mini- or microplates from conventional plating systems, facilitating fixation to bone in the reconstruction of large, complex orbital fractures. METHODS The authors used 29 PPCIs to repair 25 orbits. Seventeen cases involved repair of an acute (less than two weeks after injury) fracture of one or more orbital walls. Eight cases represented delayed reconstruction of orbital walls for late enophthalmos or for residual defects after previous operations. RESULTS A PPCI provides a stable platform for orbital soft tissue. Excellent results were obtained in all patients with acute orbital fractures, whereas good or excellent corrections of enophthalmos and hypoglobus were achieved in all patients who underwent late repair. There were no instances of orbital infection, implant exposure or migration, worsening diplopia, visual loss, or loss of structural support during 31 months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS A PPCI allows controlled placement of a porous polyethylene sheet with secure fixation to stable bone. The implant design allows it to be cantilevered from the orbital rim to serve as a stable platform when fractures are too large to support the implant in the posterior orbit. PPCIs are ideally suited for reconstruction of defects resulting from displacement of orbital walls and for repair of posterior floor fractures, medial wall fractures, and combined floor and medial wall defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Medical Center, Memphis, USA
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