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Hawksworth J. Robotic surgery: Moving the needle in living donor hepatectomy. Liver Transpl 2024; 30:456-457. [PMID: 38289259 DOI: 10.1097/lvt.0000000000000336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Hawksworth
- Department of Abdominal Organ Transplant and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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2
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Choi M, Wang SE, Park JS, Kim HS, Choi SH, Lee JH, Chong JU, Nagakawa Y, Wada K, Nakamura Y, Sunagawa H, Dasari BVM, Peng CM, Seng LL, Wolters H, Gurbadam U, Park BUK, Winslow E, Fishbein T, Hawksworth J, Radkani P, Kang CM. Impact of adjuvant therapy in patients with invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: an international multicenter cohort study. Int J Surg 2023; 109:2906-2913. [PMID: 37300881 PMCID: PMC10583921 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adjuvant therapy prolongs survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. However, no clear guidelines are available regarding the oncologic effects of adjuvant therapy (AT) in resected invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN). The aim was to investigate the potential role of AT in patients with resected invasive IPMN. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 2001 to 2020, 332 patients with invasive pancreatic IPMN were retrospectively reviewed in 15 centres in eight countries. Propensity score-matched and stage-matched survival analyses were conducted. RESULTS A total of 289 patients were enroled in the study after exclusion (neoadjuvant therapy, unresectable disease, uncertain AT status, and stage IV). A total of 170 patients were enroled in a 1:1 propensity score-matched analysis according to the covariates. In the overall cohort, disease-free survival was significantly better in the surgery alone group than in the AT group ( P =0.003), but overall survival (OS) was not ( P =0.579). There were no significant differences in OS in the stage-matched analysis between the surgery alone and AT groups (stage I, P =0.402; stage II, P =0.179). AT did not show a survival benefit in the subgroup analysis according to nodal metastasis (N0, P =0.481; N+, P =0.705). In multivariate analysis, node metastasis (hazard ratio, 4.083; 95% CI, 2.408-6.772, P <0.001), and cancer antigen 19-9 greater than or equal to 100 (hazard ratio, 2.058; 95% CI, 1.247-3.395, P =0.005) were identified as adverse prognostic factors in resected invasive IPMN. CONCLUSION The current AT strategy may not be recommended to be performed with resected invasive IPMN in stage I and II groups, unlike pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Further investigations of the potential role of AT in invasive IPMN are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munseok Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Korea
| | - Shin-E Wang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Sung Hoon Choi
- Department of Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongam-si, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Lee
- Department of Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jae Uk Chong
- Department of Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yuichi Nagakawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Wada
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Nakamura
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sunagawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nakagami Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Bobby VM Dasari
- Department of HPB and Liver Transplantation, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Cheng-Ming Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Lee Lip Seng
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Unit, Department of General Surgery, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Heiner Wolters
- Department of Visceral and General Surgery, St. Josefs-Hospital, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Unenbat Gurbadam
- Department of Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Ulan Bator, Mongolia
| | - Byoung UK Park
- Department of Pathology, The University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Emily Winslow
- Department of Pathology, The University of California, San Francisco, CA
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Thomas Fishbein
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jason Hawksworth
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Pejman Radkani
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chang Moo Kang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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3
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Yousaf MN, Naqvi HA, Kane S, Chaudhary FS, Hawksworth J, Nayar VV, Faust TW. Cerebrospinal fluid liver pseudocyst: A bizarre long-term complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt: A case report. World J Hepatol 2023; 15:715-724. [PMID: 37305372 PMCID: PMC10251282 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i5.715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement has become a standard of care procedure in managing hydrocephalus for drainage and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the peritoneum. Abdominal pseudocysts containing CSF are the common long-term complication of this frequently performed procedure, mainly because VP shunts have significantly prolonged survival. Of these, liver CSF pseudocysts are rare entities that may cause shunt dysfunction, affect normal organ function, and therefore pose therapeutic challenges.
CASE SUMMARY A 49-year-old man with history of congenital hydrocephalus status post bilateral VP shunt placement presented with progressively worsening dyspnea on exertion, abdominal discomfort/distention. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a large CSF pseudocyst in the right hepatic lobe with the tip of VP shunt catheter into the hepatic cyst cavity. Patient underwent robotic laparoscopic cyst fenestration with a partial hepatectomy, and repositioning of VP shunt catheter to the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. Follow-up CT demonstrated a significant reduction in hepatic CSF pseudocyst.
CONCLUSION A high index of clinical suspicion is required for early detection of liver CSF pseudocysts since their presentation is often asymptomatic and cunning early in the course. Late-stage liver CSF pseudocysts could have adverse outcomes on the treatment course of hydrocephalus as well as on hepatobiliary dysfunction. There is paucity of data to define the management of liver CSF pseudocyst in current guidelines due to rare nature of this entity. The reported occurrences have been managed by laparotomy with debridement, paracentesis, radiological imaging guided fluid aspiration and laparoscopic-associated cyst fenestration. Robotic surgery is an additional minimally invasive option in the management of hepatic CSF pseudocyst; however, its use is limited by lack of widespread availability and cost of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nadeem Yousaf
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Haider A Naqvi
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - Shriya Kane
- Department of Surgery, University Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Fizah S Chaudhary
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Jason Hawksworth
- Department of Surgery, Transplant Hepatology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, United States
| | - Vikram V Nayar
- Department of Neurosurgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, United States
| | - Thomas W Faust
- Department of Medicine, Transplant Hepatology, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Methodist Le Bonheur Healthcare, Memphis, TN 38104, United States
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4
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Ekong UD, Reddy S, Yazigi N, Khan K, Kaufman S, Chapman KA, Leon E, Mew NA, Regier D, MacLeod E, Kroemer A, Girlanda R, Hawksworth J, Matsumoto CS, Fishbein TM. Domino liver transplantation: Expanding the liver donor pool to the pediatric recipient. Liver Transpl 2022; 28:1947-1950. [PMID: 35689402 DOI: 10.1002/lt.26526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Udeme D Ekong
- Department of Surgery, Medstar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Sahithi Reddy
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Nada Yazigi
- Department of Surgery, Medstar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Khalid Khan
- Department of Surgery, Medstar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Stuart Kaufman
- Department of Surgery, Medstar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Kimberly A Chapman
- Department of Genetics, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Eyby Leon
- Department of Genetics, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Nicholas Ah Mew
- Department of Genetics, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Debra Regier
- Department of Genetics, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Erin MacLeod
- Department of Genetics, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Alexander Kroemer
- Department of Surgery, Medstar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Raffaelle Girlanda
- Department of Surgery, Medstar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Jason Hawksworth
- Department of Surgery, Medstar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Cal S Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Medstar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Thomas M Fishbein
- Department of Surgery, Medstar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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5
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Ghobrial S, Gonzalez CE, Kaufman S, Yazigi N, Matsumoto C, Fishbein T, Hawksworth J, Ekong UD, Kroemer A, Khan K. Anti-plasma cell treatment in refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a child with multivisceral transplant. Pediatr Transplant 2021; 25:e14045. [PMID: 34092010 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Warm-antibody AIHA is known to complicate solid organ (SOT) and HSCT, the disease maybe refractory to standard therapy. Immunosuppressive therapies as well as IVIG, and rituximab have been the main stay of treatment. Over the past decade, B-lymphocyte targeted, anti-CD-20 antibody has been recognized in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and utilized in AIHA. Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor that causes apoptosis of plasma cells, is an appealing targeted therapy in secondary AIHA and has demonstrated efficacy in HSCT patients. From our experience, we advocate for early targeted therapy that combines B cell with plasma cell depletion. CASE REPORT We describe a 4-year-old-girl with stage III neuroblastoma, complicated with intestinal necrosis needing multivisceral transplant developed warm AIHA 1-year after transplantation, and following an adenovirus infection. She received immunoglobulin therapy, rituximab, sirolimus, plasmapheresis, and long-term prednisolone with no sustained benefit while developing spinal fractures related to the latter therapy. She received bortezomib for intractable AIHA in combination with rituximab with no appreciable adverse effects. Three years later the child remains in remission with normal reticulocyte and recovered B cells. In the interim, she required chelation therapy for iron overload related to blood transfusion requirement during the treatment of AIHA. CONCLUSION We propose early targeted anti-plasma cell therapy with steroid burst, IVIG, rituximab, and possible plasmapheresis may reduce morbidity in secondary refractory w-AIHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahira Ghobrial
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Transplant Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Stuart Kaufman
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Transplant Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nada Yazigi
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Transplant Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cal Matsumoto
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Transplant Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Thomas Fishbein
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Transplant Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jason Hawksworth
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Transplant Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Udeme D Ekong
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Transplant Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alexander Kroemer
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Transplant Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Khalid Khan
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Transplant Institute, Washington, DC, USA
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6
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Hawksworth J, Radkani P, Nguyen B, Belyayev L, Llore N, Holzner M, Mateo R, Meslar E, Winslow E, Fishbein T. Improving safety of robotic major hepatectomy with extrahepatic inflow control and laparoscopic CUSA parenchymal transection: technical description and initial experience. Surg Endosc 2021; 36:3270-3276. [PMID: 34370124 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-021-08639-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood loss is a major determinant of outcomes following hepatectomy. Robotic technology enables hepatobiliary surgeons to mimic open techniques for inflow control and parenchymal transection during major hepatectomy, increasing the ability to minimize blood loss and perform safe liver resections. METHODS Initial experience of 20 consecutive major robotic hepatectomies from November 2018 to July 2020 at two co-located institutions was reviewed. All cases were performed with extrahepatic inflow control and parenchymal transection with the laparoscopic cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA), and a technical description is illustrated. Clinical characteristics, operative data, and surgical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS The median (range) patient age was 58 years (20-76) and the majority of 14 (70%) patients were ASA III-IV. There were 12 (60%) resections for malignancy and the median tumor size was 6.2 cm (1.2-14.6). Right or extended right hepatectomy was the most common procedure (12 or 60% of cases). There were 7 (35%) left or extended left hepatectomies and 1 (5%) central hepatectomy. The median operative time was 420 (177-622) minutes. Median estimated blood loss was 300 mL (25-800 mL). One (5%) case was converted to open. Two (10%) patients required blood transfusion. The median length of stay was 3 (1-6) days. Major complications included 1 (5%) Clavien-Dindo IIIa bile leak requiring percutaneous drainage placement. There was no 90-day mortality. CONCLUSION Advanced techniques to reduce blood loss in robotic hepatectomy may optimize safety and minimize morbidity in these complex minimally invasive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Hawksworth
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA. .,Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Pejman Radkani
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Brian Nguyen
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Leonid Belyayev
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nathaly Llore
- Department of Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Matthew Holzner
- Department of Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rodrigo Mateo
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erin Meslar
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Emily Winslow
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Thomas Fishbein
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
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7
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Weiner J, Svetlicky N, Kang J, Sadat M, Khan K, Duttargi A, Stovroff M, Moturi S, Kara Balla A, Hyang Kwon D, Kallakury B, Hawksworth J, Subramanian S, Yazigi N, Kaufman S, Pasieka HB, Matsumoto CS, Robson SC, Pavletic S, Zasloff M, Fishbein TM, Kroemer A. CD69+ resident memory T cells are associated with graft-versus-host disease in intestinal transplantation. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:1878-1892. [PMID: 33226726 PMCID: PMC10364625 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a common, morbid complication after intestinal transplantation (ITx) with poorly understood pathophysiology. Resident memory T cells (TRM ) are a recently described CD69+ memory T cell subset localizing to peripheral tissue. We observed that T effector memory cells (TEM ) in the blood increase during GvHD and hypothesized that they derive from donor graft CD69+TRM migrating into host blood and tissue. To probe this hypothesis, graft and blood lymphocytes from 10 ITx patients with overt GvHD and 34 without were longitudinally analyzed using flow cytometry. As hypothesized, CD4+ and CD8+CD69+TRM were significantly increased in blood and grafts of GvHD patients, alongside higher cytokine and activation marker expression. The majority of CD69+TRM were donor derived as determined by multiplex immunostaining. Notably, CD8/PD-1 was significantly elevated in blood prior to transplantation in patients who later had GvHD, and percentages of HLA-DR, CD57, PD-1, and naïve T cells differed significantly between GvHD patients who died vs. those who survived. Overall, we demonstrate that (1) there were significant increases in TEM at the time of GvHD, possibly of donor derivation; (2) donor TRM in the graft are a possible source; and (3) potential biomarkers for the development and prognosis of GvHD exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Weiner
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Nina Svetlicky
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jiman Kang
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Mohammed Sadat
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Khalid Khan
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Anju Duttargi
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Merrill Stovroff
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Sangeetha Moturi
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Abdalla Kara Balla
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Dong Hyang Kwon
- Department of Pathology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Bhaskar Kallakury
- Department of Pathology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jason Hawksworth
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia.,Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sukanya Subramanian
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Nada Yazigi
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Stuart Kaufman
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Helena B Pasieka
- Division of Dermatology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Cal S Matsumoto
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Simon C Robson
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Steven Pavletic
- National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michael Zasloff
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Thomas M Fishbein
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Alexander Kroemer
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
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8
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Ghobrial S, Gonzalez C, Yazigi N, Kaufman S, Matsumoto C, Fishbein T, Hawksworth J, Kroemer A, Khan K. Efficacy and feasibility of ruxolitinib in chronic steroid-refractory GVHD in a pediatric intestine transplant. Pediatr Transplant 2021; 25:e13836. [PMID: 32981124 DOI: 10.1111/petr.13836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) has been a clinical problem in solid organ transplant that includes intestine due to the donor lymphoid tissue mass which accompanies the intestinal component of the graft. We report a case that demonstrated the efficacy and feasibility of ruxolitinib a JAK 1/2 inhibitor in the treatment of chronic steroid-refractory GVHD (SR-GVHD). The child developed SR-GVHD following a composite intestine transplant (small bowel, colon, liver, and pancreas). And after receiving ruxolitinib 1.25 mg (0.15 mg/kg/dose) per gastric tube (G-tube) daily, the child appeared to have improved skin rash and sigmoidoscopy was negative. Nonetheless, we encourage close monitoring of hematologic and infectious adverse effect during dose escalation, and individualizing patient maximum effective dose with the least adverse effect possible. We stress the importance of early diagnosis and hyper-alertness of GVHD in intestinal transplant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahira Ghobrial
- Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | | | - Nada Yazigi
- Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Stuart Kaufman
- Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Cal Matsumoto
- Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Thomas Fishbein
- Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Jason Hawksworth
- Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Alexander Kroemer
- Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Khalid Khan
- Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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9
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Hawksworth J, Llore N, Holzner ML, Radkani P, Meslar E, Winslow E, Satoskar R, He R, Jha R, Haddad N, Fishbein T. Robotic Hepatectomy Is a Safe and Cost-Effective Alternative to Conventional Open Hepatectomy: a Single-Center Preliminary Experience. J Gastrointest Surg 2021; 25:825-828. [PMID: 33001352 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-020-04793-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Hawksworth
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA. .,Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Nathaly Llore
- Department of Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Matthew L Holzner
- Department of Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Pejman Radkani
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Erin Meslar
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Emily Winslow
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Rohit Satoskar
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Ruth He
- Lombardi Cancer Center, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Reena Jha
- Department of Radiology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nadim Haddad
- Department of Gastroenterology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Thomas Fishbein
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
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10
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Bryan N, Zandieh A, Kallakury B, Kaufman S, Yazigi N, Girlanda R, Hawksworth J, Fishbein T, Matsumoto C, Kroemer A, Khan K. De novo hepatocellular carcinoma 18 years after liver and small bowel transplantation in a one-year-old pediatric patient. Pediatr Transplant 2021; 25:e13820. [PMID: 32844551 DOI: 10.1111/petr.13820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
De novo HCC following transplantation in a child is a rare occurrence. Even within the adult liver transplantation population, there are a limited number of published cases. In this report, we present a case of de novo HCC found in a child, post-multivisceral transplantation. A 19-year-old boy, at the age of one, received liver and small bowel transplantation due to short gut syndrome secondary to midgut volvulus and total parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease. Eighteen years later, he was found to have a large mass involving the right hepatic dome consistent with HCC. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second reported case after gut transplantation and the third case post-liver transplantation in the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Bryan
- Department of Pediatrics, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Arash Zandieh
- Department of Pediatrics, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bhaskar Kallakury
- Department of Pediatrics, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Stuart Kaufman
- Department of Pediatrics, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nada Yazigi
- Department of Pediatrics, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rafaele Girlanda
- Department of Pediatrics, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jason Hawksworth
- Department of Pediatrics, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Thomas Fishbein
- Department of Pediatrics, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cal Matsumoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alexander Kroemer
- Department of Pediatrics, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Khalid Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
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11
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Kroemer A, Belyayev L, Khan K, Loh K, Kang J, Duttargi A, Dhani H, Sadat M, Aguirre O, Gusev Y, Bhuvaneshwar K, Kallakury B, Cosentino C, Houlihan B, Diaz J, Moturi S, Yazigi N, Kaufman S, Subramanian S, Hawksworth J, Girlanda R, Robson SC, Matsumoto CS, Zasloff M, Fishbein TM. Rejection of intestinal allotransplants is driven by memory T helper type 17 immunity and responds to infliximab. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:1238-1254. [PMID: 32882110 PMCID: PMC8049508 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal transplantation (ITx) can be life-saving for patients with advanced intestinal failure experiencing complications of parenteral nutrition. New surgical techniques and conventional immunosuppression have enabled some success, but outcomes post-ITx remain disappointing. Refractory cellular immune responses, immunosuppression-linked infections, and posttransplant malignancies have precluded widespread ITx application. To shed light on the dynamics of ITx allograft rejection and treatment resistance, peripheral blood samples and intestinal allograft biopsies from 51 ITx patients with severe rejection, alongside 37 stable controls, were analyzed using immunohistochemistry, polychromatic flow cytometry, and reverse transcription-PCR. Our findings inform both immunomonitoring and treatment. In terms of immunomonitoring, we found that while ITx rejection is associated with proinflammatory and activated effector memory T cells in the blood, evidence of treatment efficacy can only be found in the allograft itself, meaning that blood-based monitoring may be insufficient. In terms of treatment, we found that the prominence of intra-graft memory TNF-α and IL-17 double-positive T helper type 17 (Th17) cells is a leading feature of refractory rejection. Anti-TNF-α therapies appear to provide novel and safer treatment strategies for refractory ITx rejection; with responses in 14 of 14 patients. Clinical protocols targeting TNF-α, IL-17, and Th17 warrant further testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kroemer
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Leonid Belyayev
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC,Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Khalid Khan
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Katrina Loh
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Jiman Kang
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Anju Duttargi
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Harmeet Dhani
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Mohammed Sadat
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Oswaldo Aguirre
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Yuriy Gusev
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics (ICBI), Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Krithika Bhuvaneshwar
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics (ICBI), Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Bhaskar Kallakury
- Department of Pathology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Christopher Cosentino
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Brenna Houlihan
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Jamie Diaz
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC,Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sangeetha Moturi
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Nada Yazigi
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Stuart Kaufman
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Sukanya Subramanian
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Jason Hawksworth
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC,Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Raffaele Girlanda
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Simon C. Robson
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Cal S. Matsumoto
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Michael Zasloff
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Thomas M. Fishbein
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
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12
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Kang J, Loh K, Belyayev L, Cha P, Sadat M, Khan K, Gusev Y, Bhuvaneshwar K, Ressom H, Moturi S, Kaiser J, Hawksworth J, Robson SC, Matsumoto CS, Zasloff M, Fishbein TM, Kroemer A. Type 3 innate lymphoid cells are associated with a successful intestinal transplant. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:787-797. [PMID: 32594614 PMCID: PMC8049507 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Although innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play fundamental roles in mucosal barrier functionality and tissue homeostasis, ILC-related mechanisms underlying intestinal barrier function, homeostatic regulation, and graft rejection in intestinal transplantation (ITx) patients have yet to be thoroughly defined. We found protective type 3 NKp44+ ILCs (ILC3s) to be significantly diminished in newly transplanted allografts, compared to allografts at 6 months, whereas proinflammatory type 1 NKp44- ILCs (ILC1s) were higher. Moreover, serial immunomonitoring revealed that in healthy allografts, protective ILC3s repopulate by 2-4 weeks postoperatively, but in rejecting allografts they remain diminished. Intracellular cytokine staining confirmed that NKp44+ ILC3 produced protective interleukin-22 (IL-22), whereas ILC1s produced proinflammatory interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Our findings about the paucity of protective ILC3s immediately following transplant and their repopulation in healthy allografts during the first month following transplant were confirmed by RNA-sequencing analyses of serial ITx biopsies. Overall, our findings show that ILCs may play a key role in regulating ITx graft homeostasis and could serve as sentinels for early recognition of allograft rejection and be targets for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiman Kang
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007
| | - Katrina Loh
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007,Children’s National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington DC, 20010
| | - Leonid Belyayev
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007,Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda MD, 20814
| | - Priscilla Cha
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007,Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda MD, 20814
| | - Mohammed Sadat
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007
| | - Khalid Khan
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007
| | - Yuriy Gusev
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics (ICBI), Georgetown University Medical Center, 2115 Wisconsin Ave NW, Suite 110, Washington DC, 20007
| | - Krithika Bhuvaneshwar
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics (ICBI), Georgetown University Medical Center, 2115 Wisconsin Ave NW, Suite 110, Washington DC, 20007
| | - Habtom Ressom
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, 4000 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007
| | - Sangeetha Moturi
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007
| | - Jason Kaiser
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007,Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda MD, 20814
| | - Jason Hawksworth
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007,Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda MD, 20814
| | - Simon C. Robson
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, CLS 612, 330 Brookline Avenue, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, 02115
| | - Cal S. Matsumoto
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007
| | - Michael Zasloff
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007
| | - Thomas M. Fishbein
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007
| | - Alexander Kroemer
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC, 20007
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13
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Na S, Saldana BD, Peredo-Pinto H, Gonzalez CE, Kroemer AH, Hawksworth J, Matsumoto CS, Yazigi N, Kaufman S, Fishbein TM, Khan K. Successful long-term outcome after combined hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and small bowel transplantation: A case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Transplant 2019; 23:e13563. [PMID: 31471935 DOI: 10.1111/petr.13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Combining HSCT with SOT is an unusual and challenging undertaking given the complexities of immune modulation, the need to balance comorbidities, and the cumulative potential for complications. Early life-threatening complications include infections and related effects, graft rejection, and GVHD can be expected to be increased especially if the HSCT is indicated for high-risk cases such as individuals with severe combined immune deficiency and SOT that includes an intestine graft. Herein, we report such a case. Our patient is unique as a long-term survivor. We review the literature and the features of our case, especially the timing of transplants and human leukocyte antigen matching for HSCT that resulted in a successful outcome and discuss how this may be applied to others in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sera Na
- Department of Pediatrics, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Blachy Davila Saldana
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Helka Peredo-Pinto
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Corina Elena Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Jason Hawksworth
- Transplant Surgery, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Nada Yazigi
- Department of Transplant, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Stuart Kaufman
- Department of Transplant, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Khalid Khan
- Department of Transplant, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
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14
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Elsabbagh AM, Hawksworth J, Khan KM, Kaufman SS, Yazigi NA, Kroemer A, Smith C, Fishbein TM, Matsumoto CS. Long-term survival in visceral transplant recipients in the new era: A single-center experience. Am J Transplant 2019; 19:2077-2091. [PMID: 30672105 PMCID: PMC6591067 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a paucity of data on long-term outcomes following visceral transplantation in the contemporary era. This is a single-center retrospective analysis of all visceral allograft recipients who underwent transplant between November 2003 and December 2013 with at least 3-year follow-up data. Clinical data from a prospectively maintained database were used to assess outcomes including patient and graft survival. Of 174 recipients, 90 were adults and 84 were pediatric patients. Types of visceral transplants were isolated intestinal transplant (56.3%), combined liver-intestinal transplant (25.3%), multivisceral transplant (16.1%), and modified multivisceral transplant (2.3%). Three-, 5-, and 10-year overall patient survival was 69.5%, 66%, and 63%, respectively, while 3-, 5-, and 10-year overall graft survival was 67%, 62%, and 61%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, significant predictors of survival included pediatric recipient (P = .001), donor/recipient weight ratio <0.9 (P = .008), no episodes of severe acute rejection (P = .021), cold ischemia time <8 hours (P = .014), and shorter hospital stay (P = .0001). In conclusion, visceral transplantation remains a good option for treatment of end-stage intestinal failure with parenteral nutritional complications. Proper graft selection, shorter cold ischemia time, and improvement of immunosuppression regimens could significantly improve the long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Elsabbagh
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC,Gastroenterology Surgical Center, Department of Surgery, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt,St. Vincent Abdominal Transplant Center, St. Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jason Hawksworth
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC,Department of Surgery, Organ Transplant Service, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Khalid M. Khan
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Stuart S. Kaufman
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Nada A. Yazigi
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Alexander Kroemer
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Coleman Smith
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Thomas M. Fishbein
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Cal S. Matsumoto
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
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15
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Belyayev L, Sadat M, Loh K, Kaufman S, Khan K, Hawksworth J, Subramanian S, Matsumoto C, Fishbein T, Kroemer A. P2A.08: Dysregulation of the regulatory T cell/effector T cell axis in intestinal transplant rejection towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Transplantation 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000575592.46615.e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Elsabbagh AM, Girlanda R, Hawksworth J, Pichert MD, Williams C, Pozzi A, Kroemer A, Nookala A, Smith C, Matsumoto CS, Fishbein TM. Impact of early reoperation on graft survival after liver transplantation: Univariate and multivariate analysis. Clin Transplant 2018; 32:e13228. [PMID: 29478256 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.13228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on rate, risk factors, and consequences of early reoperation after liver transplantation are still limited. STUDY DESIGN Single-center retrospective analysis of data of 428 patients, who underwent liver transplantation in period between January 2009 and December 2014. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to study the risk factors of early reoperation and its impact on graft survival. RESULTS Of 428 patients, 74 (17.3%) underwent early reoperation. Of them, 46 (62.2%) underwent reoperation within the first week and 28 (37.8%) underwent reoperation later than 1 week after transplantation. With multivariate analysis, significant risk factors of early reoperation included pretransplant ICU admission, previous abdominal surgery and diabetes. Early reoperation itself was not found to be an independent predictor of graft loss. However, early reoperation later than 7 days from transplant was found to be independent predictor of graft loss (odds ratio [OR] = 5.125; 95% CI, 1.358-19.552; P = .016). In our series, other independent predictors of graft loss were MELD score (P = .010) and operative time (P = .048). CONCLUSIONS This analysis demonstrates that early reoperations later than a week appear to negatively impact the graft survival. The timing of early reoperation should be a focus of additional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Elsabbagh
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Gastroenterology Surgical Center, Department of Surgery, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Raffaele Girlanda
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jason Hawksworth
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Matthew D Pichert
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cassie Williams
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Agostino Pozzi
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alexander Kroemer
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anupama Nookala
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Coleman Smith
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cal S Matsumoto
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Thomas M Fishbein
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
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17
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Elsabbagh AM, Hawksworth J, Khan KM, Yazigi N, Matsumoto CS, Fishbein TM. World's smallest combined en bloc liver-pancreas transplantation. Pediatr Transplant 2018; 22:10.1111/petr.13082. [PMID: 29139617 PMCID: PMC6433131 DOI: 10.1111/petr.13082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present a case of a 2-year-old child who underwent a combined en bloc liver and pancreas transplant following complications of WRS. WRS is characterized clinically through infantile insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, neutropenia, recurrent infections, propensity for liver failure following viral infections, bone dysplasia, and developmental delay. Usually, death occurs from fulminant liver and concomitant kidney failure. Few cases with WRS are reported in the literature, mostly from consanguineous parents. To the best of our knowledge, combined en bloc liver and pancreas transplant has not been performed in small children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Elsabbagh
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute; Georgetown University Hospital; Washington DC USA
| | - Jason Hawksworth
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute; Georgetown University Hospital; Washington DC USA
| | - Khalid M. Khan
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute; Georgetown University Hospital; Washington DC USA
| | - Nada Yazigi
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute; Georgetown University Hospital; Washington DC USA
| | - Cal S. Matsumoto
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute; Georgetown University Hospital; Washington DC USA
| | - Thomas M. Fishbein
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute; Georgetown University Hospital; Washington DC USA
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18
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Elsabbagh AM, Williams C, Girlanda R, Hawksworth J, Kroemer A, Matsumoto CS, Fishbein TM. The impact of intercenter sharing on the outcomes of pediatric split liver transplantation. Clin Transplant 2017; 31. [PMID: 29032604 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Split liver transplantation allows for expansion of the pool of organs available for pediatric liver transplantation. The impact of sharing segments of the same liver between centers has not been studied. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective analysis of 24 pediatric split liver transplant cases in a recent cohort. We evaluated the outcomes of pediatric recipients who shared organs with adult patients in our own center (group A) compared to recipients who shared organs with adult patients in other centers. (group B). RESULTS One-, 3-, and 5-year graft survival for group A was 100%, 100%, and 100% vs 83%, 71%, and 57% for group B (P = .039). Postoperative complications included biliary complications (41.7% in group A vs 50% in group B, P = .682), vascular complications (8.3% in group A vs 41.7% in group B, P = .059), and postoperative bleeding (16.7% in group A vs 25% in group B, P = .615). High-grade Clavien-Dindo complications were 0% in group A vs 33.3% in group B, P = .028. CONCLUSIONS Organ sharing between centers appears to be associated with significantly poorer graft survival. Possible explanations include greater procurement-related injury or suboptimal vessel distribution. Future larger studies focused on this area may be helpful to formulate policy considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Elsabbagh
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Cassie Williams
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Raffaele Girlanda
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jason Hawksworth
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Alexander Kroemer
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Cal S Matsumoto
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Thomas M Fishbein
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
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19
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Aguirre O, Houlihan B, Cosentino C, Cha P, Monahan B, Girlanda R, Hawksworth J, Matsumoto C, Zasloff M, Fishbein T, Kroemer A. Depletion Resistant Effector Memory T Cells Mediate Thymoglobulin Refractory Allograft Rejection in Human Intestinal Transplant Recipients. Transplantation 2017. [DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000521421.29110.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Khan KM, Desai CS, Mete M, Desale S, Girlanda R, Hawksworth J, Matsumoto C, Kaufman S, Fishbein T. Developing trends in the intestinal transplant waitlist. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:2830-7. [PMID: 25395218 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The United Network for Organ Sharing database was examined for trends in the intestinal transplant (ITx) waitlist from 1993 to 2012, dividing into listings for isolated ITx versus liver-intestine transplant (L-ITx). Registrants added to the waitlist increased from 59/year in 1993 to 317/year in 2006, then declined to 124/year in 2012; Spline modeling showed a significant change in the trend in 2006, p < 0.001. The largest group of registrants, <1 year of age, determined the trend for the entire population; other pediatric age groups remained stable, adult registrants increased until 2012. The largest proportion of new registrants were for L-ITx, compared to isolated ITx; the change in the trend in 2006 for L-ITx was highly significant, p < 0.001, but not isolated ITx, p = 0.270. New registrants for L-ITx, <1 year of age, had the greatest increase and decrease. New registrants for isolated ITx remained constant in all pediatric age groups. Waitlist mortality increased to a peak around 2002, highest for L-ITx, in patients <1 year of age and adults. Deaths among all pediatric age groups awaiting L-ITx have decreased; adult L-ITx deaths have dropped less dramatically. Improved care of infants with intestinal failure has led to reduced referrals for L-ITx.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Khan
- Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
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Khan K, Desai C, Girlanda R, Hawksworth J, Mete M, Desale S, Fishbein T, Matsumoto C, Kaufman S. Major Changes in the Wait-List for Intestinal Transplantation. Transplantation 2014. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-201407151-00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ertreo M, Girlanda R, Desai C, Kishiyama K, Hawksworth J, Island E, Matsumoto C, Fishbein T. Comparison of University of Wisconsin and Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate Solutions in Donation After Cardiac Death Liver Transplantation. Transplantation 2014. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-201407151-02508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Desai C, Gruessner A, Hawksworth J, Girlanda R, Fishbein T, Khan K. Impact of Donor Weight On Outcomes of Pediatric Liver Transplants. Transplantation 2014. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-201407151-02439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Desai CS, Girlanda R, Hawksworth J, Fishbein TM. Modified technique for aortic cross-clamping during liver donor procurement. Clin Transplant 2014; 28:611-5. [PMID: 24654564 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Undue tension on the donor vessels during organ procurement is associated with intimal dissection, which can form the nidus for the thrombosis of the hepatic artery (HA) and graft loss. According to the US OPTN database, 143 grafts were discarded in the last 15 yr due to vascular damage during procurement. The most common technique to expose the supraceliac aorta is dissection between the left lateral segment of the liver and the esophagus-stomach. In obese donors, due to restricted space and in pediatric donors where the vessels are very delicate and this space is very small, the replaced or accessory left HA(R/A LHA) is prone to damage if approached conventionally. We describe a technique for the exposure of the supraceliac aorta in which the aorta is approached from the left side behind the gastroesophageal junction that does not require division of the gastrohepatic ligament. From May 2007 to May 2013, 104 liver procurements were performed. Eighty-nine (85.6%) were adults, and 15 (14.4%) were pediatric donors. Twenty-three (22.1%) had R/A LHA. No donor organ suffered any damage. One adult recipient with R/A LHA suffered HA thrombosis not related to it. In summary, this technical modification offers improved safety during cadaveric procurement and increases the ease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirag S Desai
- Medstar Georgetown Transplant Institute, Washington, DC, USA
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Guerra JF, Zasloff M, Lough D, Abdo J, Hawksworth J, Mastumoto C, Girlanda R, Island E, Shetty K, Kaufman S, Fishbein T. Nucleotide oligomerization domain 2 polymorphisms in patients with intestinal failure. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 28:309-13. [PMID: 23173613 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleotide oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) has been associated with intestinal immunity after the discovery that its polymorphisms are linked to Crohn's disease (CD). Intestinal failure (IF) represents a wider spectrum of diseases where intestinal homeostasis has been disrupted. AIM To evaluate the prevalence of NOD2 mutations in a population with IF as well as its association with the different conditions causing this problem. METHODS One hundred ninety-two consecutive patients with IF and 103 healthy controls were genotyped for the three most common NOD2 polymorphisms. Genotypes were compared between the groups and were related to the entities causing IF. RESULTS A high percentage (26%) of patients had at least one of the three most common NOD2 polymorphisms, while only a 4.8% of healthy controls had a mutant genotype. In patients with IF, specific mutations for the 702W, 908R and 1007fs alleles were 11, 5 and 12.5%, respectively, compared with 0.9% (P = 0.0003), 1.9% (P = 0.1) and 1.9% (P = 0.001) in the control group. If we consider patients with any cause of IF other than CD, the percentage is still as high as 18.8%, with specific mutation frequencies of 7.6% (702W; P = 0.01), 5.8% (908R; P = 0.1) and 8.2% (1007fs; P = 0.002). We could not establish an association between a NOD2 mutant genotype with any other specific clinical condition other than CD. CONCLUSION Our finding supports the importance of NOD2 in the maintenance of intestinal immune homeostasis and may be important to a variety of intestinal stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Francisco Guerra
- Georgetown Transplant Institute, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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Sheppard FR, Keiser P, Craft DW, Gage F, Robson M, Brown TS, Petersen K, Sincock S, Kasper M, Hawksworth J, Tadaki D, Davis TA, Stojadinovic A, Elster E. The majority of US combat casualty soft-tissue wounds are not infected or colonized upon arrival or during treatment at a continental US military medical facility. Am J Surg 2010; 200:489-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2010.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Revised: 03/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Stojadinovic A, Elster E, Potter BK, Davis TA, Tadaki DK, Brown TS, Ahlers S, Attinger CE, Andersen RC, Burris D, Centeno J, Champion H, Crumbley DR, Denobile J, Duga M, Dunne JR, Eberhardt J, Ennis WJ, Forsberg JA, Hawksworth J, Helling TS, Lazarus GS, Milner SM, Mullick FG, Owner CR, Pasquina PF, Patel CR, Peoples GE, Nissan A, Ring M, Sandberg CGD, Schaden W, Schultz GS, Scofield T, Shawen SB, Sheppard FR, Stannard JP, Weina PJ, Zenilman JM. Combat Wound Initiative Program. Mil Med 2010; 175:18-24. [DOI: 10.7205/milmed-d-10-00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Utz E, Elster E, Tadaki D, Gage F, Perdue P, Stojadinovic A, Hawksworth J, Brown T. 228. Matrix Metalloprotease (MMP) Expression is Associated With Wound Failure in Traumatic War Injuries. J Surg Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2008.11.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Crane NJ, McHone B, Hawksworth J, Pearl JP, Denobile J, Tadaki D, Pinto PA, Levin IW, Elster EA. Enhanced surgical imaging: laparoscopic vessel identification and assessment of tissue oxygenation. J Am Coll Surg 2008; 206:1159-66. [PMID: 18501814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2008.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2007] [Accepted: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inherent to minimally invasive procedures are loss of tactile feedback and loss of three-dimensional assessment. Tasks such as vessel identification and dissection are not trivial for the inexperienced laparoscopic surgeon. Advanced surgical imaging, such as 3-charge-coupled device (3-CCD) image enhancement, can be used to assist with these more challenging tasks and, in addition, offers a method to noninvasively monitor tissue oxygenation during operations. STUDY DESIGN In this study, 3-CCD image enhancement is used for identification of vessels in 25 laparoscopic donor and partial nephrectomy patients. The algorithm is then applied to two laparoscopic nephrectomy patients involving multiple renal arteries. We also use the 3-CCD camera to qualitatively monitor renal parenchymal oxygenation during 10 laparoscopic donor nephrectomies (LDNs). RESULTS The mean region of interest (ROI) intensity values obtained for the renal artery and vein (68.40 +/- 8.44 and 45.96 +/- 8.65, respectively) are used to calculate a threshold intensity value (59.00) that allows for objective vessel differentiation. In addition, we examined the renal parenchyma during LDNs. Mean ROI intensity values were calculated for the renal parenchyma at two distinct time points: before vessel stapling (nonischemic) and just before extraction from the abdomen (ischemic). The nonischemic mean ROI intensity values are statistically different from the ischemic mean ROI intensity values (p < 0.05), even with short ischemia times. CONCLUSIONS We have developed a technique, 3-CCD image enhancement, for identification of vasculature and monitoring of parenchymal oxygenation. This technique requires no additional laparoscopic operating room equipment and has real-time video capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Crane
- Naval Medical Research Center, Combat and Casualty Care, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
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Hawksworth J, Geisinger K, Zagoria R, Kavanagh P, Howerton R, Levine E, Shen P. Surgical and Ablative Treatment for Metastatic Adenocarcinoma to the Liver from Unknown Primary Tumor. Am Surg 2004. [DOI: 10.1177/000313480407000610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic adenocarcinoma to the liver from an unknown primary tumor (UPT) carries a poor prognosis, with a median survival of 5 months. Chemotherapy has not significantly improved outcome, and effective treatment is yet to be established in these patients. We examined our experience with surgical resection and ablation of this disease to determine clinico-pathologic characteristics and treatment outcomes. We undertook a retrospective chart review of 157 patients who were treated for metastatic disease to the liver with resection or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) between 1999 and 2003. Seven patients were identified with unknown primary malignancy. Evaluation of the seven patients included complete history and physical examination, complete blood count, routine chemistries, stool Hemoccult test, chest radiograph, and computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis. In addition, the three female patients had breast examinations and mammography. Adenocarcinoma histology was determined via CT-guided liver biopsy in all patients. Other diagnostic tests, including whole-body positron emission tomography to the measurement of various serum tumor markers, were performed in the majority of the patients. There were nine total lesions treated; six with RFA and three with hepatic resection. Median diameter of the lesions was 5.4 cm (range, 1.3–15). Two patients were treated with adjuvant and three patients with neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy. Extrahepatic sites of metastases, adrenal and skeletal, were discovered in 1 patient prior to treatment. With a median follow-up of 9 months, 1 patient is currently alive with no evidence of disease, 4 patients are alive with disease, and 2 patients died of disease. Median disease-free-interval following treatment was 6.5 months. To date, optimal treatment for metastatic adenocarcinoma to the liver UPT remains unclear. Localized treatment involving RFA or hepatic resection may be a promising addition to chemotherapy in the management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Hawksworth
- Departments of General Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - K. Geisinger
- Departments of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - R. Zagoria
- Departments of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - P. Kavanagh
- Departments of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - R. Howerton
- Departments of General Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - E.A. Levine
- Departments of General Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - P. Shen
- Departments of General Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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Hawksworth J, Geisinger K, Zagoria R, Kavanagh P, Howerton R, Levine EA, Shen P. Surgical and ablative treatment for metastatic adenocarcinoma to the liver from unknown primary tumor. Am Surg 2004; 70:512-7. [PMID: 15212405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic adenocarcinoma to the liver from an unknown primary tumor (UPT) carries a poor prognosis, with a median survival of 5 months. Chemotherapy has not significantly improved outcome, and effective treatment is yet to be established in these patients. We examined our experience with surgical resection and ablation of this disease to determine clinico-pathologic characteristics and treatment outcomes. We undertook a retrospective chart review of 157 patients who were treated for metastatic disease to the liver with resection or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) between 1999 and 2003. Seven patients were identified with unknown primary malignancy. Evaluation of the seven patients included complete history and physical examination, complete blood count, routine chemistries, stool Hemoccult test, chest radiograph, and computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis. In addition, the three female patients had breast examinations and mammography. Adenocarcinoma histology was determined via CT-guided liver biopsy in all patients. Other diagnostic tests, including whole-body positron emission tomography to the measurement of various serum tumor markers, were performed in the majority of the patients. There were nine total lesions treated; six with RFA and three with hepatic resection. Median diameter of the lesions was 5.4 cm (range, 1.3-15). Two patients were treated with adjuvant and three patients with neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy. Extrahepatic sites of metastases, adrenal and skeletal, were discovered in 1 patient prior to treatment. With a median follow-up of 9 months, 1 patient is currently alive with no evidence of disease, 4 patients are alive with disease, and 2 patients died of disease. Median disease-free-interval following treatment was 6.5 months. To date, optimal treatment for metastatic adenocarcinoma to the liver UPT remains unclear. Localized treatment involving RFA or hepatic resection may be a promising addition to chemotherapy in the management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hawksworth
- Department of General Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA
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Shen P, Hawksworth J, Lovato J, Loggie BW, Geisinger KR, Fleming RA, Levine EA. Cytoreductive Surgery and Intraperitoneal Hyperthermic Chemotherapy With Mitomycin C for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis from Nonappendiceal Colorectal Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2004; 11:178-86. [PMID: 14761921 DOI: 10.1245/aso.2004.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytoreductive surgery (CS) and intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy (IPHC) are efficacious in patients with disseminated mucinous tumors of the appendix. We reviewed our experience using this approach for nonappendiceal colorectal cancer (NACC). METHODS We performed a retrospective chart review of a prospective database for patients undergoing CS and IPHC with mitomycin C for peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal primary lesions between December 1991 and April 2002. RESULTS There were 77 patients, with a median age of 54 years. Peritoneal carcinomatosis was synchronous and metachronous in 27% and 73% patients, respectively. Seventy-five percent of patients (n = 58) had received chemotherapy prior to IPHC. Complete resection of all gross disease was accomplished in 37 patients (48%). The mean carcinoembryonic antigen level decreased from a preoperative value of 31.2 to a postoperative value of 6.9 (P <.0001). Overall survival (OS) at 1, 3, and 5 years was 56%, 25%, and 17%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 15 months, the median OS was 16 months. Perioperative morbidity and mortality were 30% and 12%, respectively. Hematologic toxicity occurred in 15 patients (19%). Cox regression analysis identified poor performance status (P =.018), bowel obstruction (P =.001), malignant ascites (P =.001), and incomplete resection of gross disease (P =.011) as independent predictors of decreased survival. Patients with complete resection of all gross disease had a 5-year OS of 34%, with a median OS of 28 months. CONCLUSIONS CS and IPHC with mitomycin C can improve outcomes for select patients with peritoneal spread from NACC. One third of patients who undergo complete resection of gross disease have long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perry Shen
- Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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Tyrer P, Hawksworth J, Hobbs R, Jackson D. The role of the community psychiatric nurse. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 1990; 43:439-42. [PMID: 2364238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The community psychiatric nurse is an essential element in a comprehensive mental health service. At present each nurse is expected to be a trained counsellor and psychotherapist, a skilled behaviour therapist and an expert assessor of clinical status. This superhuman role is unrealistic; a more appropriate one is outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Tyrer
- St Charles's Hospital, London
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Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins in the urine of 100 healthy, active, human subjects were examined by cellulose acetate electrophoresis and salt gradient, ion-exchange, column chromatography. The cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) turbidity and uronic acid:creatinine ratio was also studied. Fractions were identified by electrophoretic mobility, staining reactions, susceptibility to enzyme digestion, identification of amino- and neutral sugars, hexosamine, uronic acid, and sulphate assays, and optical rotation. The CPC turbidity is relatively high in childhood, falling to lower levels in adults, but rising again to relatively high levels in old age. The uronic acid: creatinine ratio is high in children, falling to a low level in adult life, and rising only slightly in old age. Three major electrophoretic fractions, corresponding with glycoprotein, heparan sulphates, and chondroitin sulphates, were identified in every urine sample. Hyaluronic acid was identified in some samples. A small amount of keratan sulphate was present in the ;heparan sulphate' fraction. Chondroitin sulphate excretion is high in children. Adults excrete relatively less chondroitin sulphate and more heparan sulphate. In old age, the proportion of glycoprotein increases. The excretion pattern in the first few days of life resembles that of the adult. It is stressed that extreme caution must be exercised in interpreting the urinary glycosaminoglycan pattern of a child.
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