1
|
Hawksworth J, Radkani P, Nguyen B, Belyayev L, Llore N, Holzner M, Mateo R, Meslar E, Winslow E, Fishbein T. Improving safety of robotic major hepatectomy with extrahepatic inflow control and laparoscopic CUSA parenchymal transection: technical description and initial experience. Surg Endosc 2021; 36:3270-3276. [PMID: 34370124 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-021-08639-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood loss is a major determinant of outcomes following hepatectomy. Robotic technology enables hepatobiliary surgeons to mimic open techniques for inflow control and parenchymal transection during major hepatectomy, increasing the ability to minimize blood loss and perform safe liver resections. METHODS Initial experience of 20 consecutive major robotic hepatectomies from November 2018 to July 2020 at two co-located institutions was reviewed. All cases were performed with extrahepatic inflow control and parenchymal transection with the laparoscopic cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA), and a technical description is illustrated. Clinical characteristics, operative data, and surgical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS The median (range) patient age was 58 years (20-76) and the majority of 14 (70%) patients were ASA III-IV. There were 12 (60%) resections for malignancy and the median tumor size was 6.2 cm (1.2-14.6). Right or extended right hepatectomy was the most common procedure (12 or 60% of cases). There were 7 (35%) left or extended left hepatectomies and 1 (5%) central hepatectomy. The median operative time was 420 (177-622) minutes. Median estimated blood loss was 300 mL (25-800 mL). One (5%) case was converted to open. Two (10%) patients required blood transfusion. The median length of stay was 3 (1-6) days. Major complications included 1 (5%) Clavien-Dindo IIIa bile leak requiring percutaneous drainage placement. There was no 90-day mortality. CONCLUSION Advanced techniques to reduce blood loss in robotic hepatectomy may optimize safety and minimize morbidity in these complex minimally invasive procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Hawksworth
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA. .,Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Pejman Radkani
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Brian Nguyen
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Leonid Belyayev
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nathaly Llore
- Department of Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Matthew Holzner
- Department of Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rodrigo Mateo
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erin Meslar
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Emily Winslow
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Thomas Fishbein
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, 2 PHC, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Eberhard U, Seybold HJ, Secchi E, Jiménez-Martínez J, Rühs PA, Ofner A, Andrade JS, Holzner M. Mapping the local viscosity of non-Newtonian fluids flowing through disordered porous structures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11733. [PMID: 32678140 PMCID: PMC7366636 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Flow of non-Newtonian fluids through topologically complex structures is ubiquitous in most biological, industrial and environmental settings. The interplay between local hydrodynamics and the fluid’s constitutive law determines the distribution of flow paths. Consequently the spatial heterogeneity of the viscous resistance controls mass and solute transport from the micron to the meter scale. Examples range from oil recovery and groundwater engineering to drug delivery, filters and catalysts. Here we present a new methodology to map the spatial variation of the local viscosity of a non-Newtonian fluid flowing through a complex pore geometry. We use high resolution image velocimetry to determine local shear rates. Knowing the local shear rate in combination with a separate measurement of the fluid’s constitutive law allows to quantitatively map the local viscosity at the pore scale. Our experimental results—which closely match with three-dimensional numerical simulations—demonstrate that the exponential decay of the longitudinal velocity distributions, previously observed for Newtonian fluids, is a function of the spatial heterogeneity of the local viscosity. This work sheds light on the relationship between hydraulic properties and the viscosity at the pore scale, which is of fundamental importance for predicting transport properties, mixing, and chemical reactions in many porous systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Eberhard
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
| | - H J Seybold
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E Secchi
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Jiménez-Martínez
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, EAWAG, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - P A Rühs
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Ofner
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J S Andrade
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60451-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - M Holzner
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, EAWAG, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gulan U, Saguner AM, Akdis D, Denegri A, Miranda MX, Manka R, Brunckhorst C, Holzner M, Duru F. P2834An in vitro study on the influence of increased heart rate on the right ventricular kinetic energy and shear stresses. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- U Gulan
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A M Saguner
- University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D Akdis
- University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Denegri
- University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M X Miranda
- University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Manka
- University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - M Holzner
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - F Duru
- University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Carrel M, Morales VL, Dentz M, Derlon N, Morgenroth E, Holzner M. Pore-Scale Hydrodynamics in a Progressively Bioclogged Three-Dimensional Porous Medium: 3-D Particle Tracking Experiments and Stochastic Transport Modeling. Water Resour Res 2018; 54:2183-2198. [PMID: 29780184 PMCID: PMC5947749 DOI: 10.1002/2017wr021726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms are ubiquitous bacterial communities that grow in various porous media including soils, trickling, and sand filters. In these environments, they play a central role in services ranging from degradation of pollutants to water purification. Biofilms dynamically change the pore structure of the medium through selective clogging of pores, a process known as bioclogging. This affects how solutes are transported and spread through the porous matrix, but the temporal changes to transport behavior during bioclogging are not well understood. To address this uncertainty, we experimentally study the hydrodynamic changes of a transparent 3-D porous medium as it experiences progressive bioclogging. Statistical analyses of the system's hydrodynamics at four time points of bioclogging (0, 24, 36, and 48 h in the exponential growth phase) reveal exponential increases in both average and variance of the flow velocity, as well as its correlation length. Measurements for spreading, as mean-squared displacements, are found to be non-Fickian and more intensely superdiffusive with progressive bioclogging, indicating the formation of preferential flow pathways and stagnation zones. A gamma distribution describes well the Lagrangian velocity distributions and provides parameters that quantify changes to the flow, which evolves from a parallel pore arrangement under unclogged conditions, toward a more serial arrangement with increasing clogging. Exponentially evolving hydrodynamic metrics agree with an exponential bacterial growth phase and are used to parameterize a correlated continuous time random walk model with a stochastic velocity relaxation. The model accurately reproduces transport observations and can be used to resolve transport behavior at intermediate time points within the exponential growth phase considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Carrel
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic EngineeringETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - V. L. Morales
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic EngineeringETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of California, DavisDavisCAUSA
| | - M. Dentz
- Spanish National Research Council (IDAEA‐CSIC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - N. Derlon
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic EngineeringETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- EAWAGDübendorfSwitzerland
| | - E. Morgenroth
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic EngineeringETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- EAWAGDübendorfSwitzerland
| | - M. Holzner
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic EngineeringETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gulan U, Saguner AM, Akdis D, Brunckhorst C, Holzner M, Duru F. P1591Assessment of flow disturbances in the right ventricle: an in vitro study using a novel heart model. Europace 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/eux158.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
6
|
Holzner M, Morales VL, Willmann M, Dentz M. Intermittent Lagrangian velocities and accelerations in three-dimensional porous medium flow. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2015; 92:013015. [PMID: 26274277 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.013015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Intermittency of Lagrangian velocity and acceleration is a key to understanding transport in complex systems ranging from fluid turbulence to flow in porous media. High-resolution optical particle tracking in a three-dimensional (3D) porous medium provides detailed 3D information on Lagrangian velocities and accelerations. We find sharp transitions close to pore throats, and low flow variability in the pore bodies, which gives rise to stretched exponential Lagrangian velocity and acceleration distributions characterized by a sharp peak at low velocity, superlinear evolution of particle dispersion, and double-peak behavior in the propagators. The velocity distribution is quantified in terms of pore geometry and flow connectivity, which forms the basis for a continuous-time random-walk model that sheds light on the observed Lagrangian flow and transport behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Holzner
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 15, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - V L Morales
- SIMBIOS Centre, University of Abertay, Bell Street Dundee DD1 1HG, United Kingdom
| | - M Willmann
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 15, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Dentz
- Spanish National Research Council (IDAEA-CSIC), c/Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Holzner M, Lüthi B. Laminar superlayer at the turbulence boundary. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:134503. [PMID: 21517388 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.134503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter we present results from particle tracking velocimetry and direct numerical simulation that are congruent with the existence of a laminar superlayer, as proposed in the pioneering work of Corrsin and Kistler (NACA, Technical Report No. 1244, 1955). We find that the local superlayer velocity is dominated by a viscous component and its magnitude is comparable to the characteristic velocity of the smallest scales of motion. This slow viscous process involves a large surface area so that the global rate of turbulence spreading is set by the largest scales of motion. These findings are important for a better understanding of mixing of mass and momentum in a variety of flows where thin layers of shear exist. Examples are boundary layers, clouds, planetary atmospheres, and oceans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Holzner
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organisation, Bunsenstrasse 10, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lonsdale G, Elsner B, Clinckemaillie J, Vlachoutsis S, de Bruyne F, Holzner M. Experiences with industrial crashworthiness simulation using the portable, message-passing PAM-CRASH code. High-Performance Computing and Networking 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bfb0046726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
9
|
Heilmann HD, Holzner M. The spatial organization of the active sites of the bifunctional oligomeric enzyme tryptophan synthase: cross-linking by a novel method. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1981; 99:1146-52. [PMID: 7020699 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(81)90738-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|