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Flores M, Llambo Á, Loza D, Naya S, Tarrío-Saavedra J. Predicting rainfall and irrigation requirements of corn in Ecuador. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18334. [PMID: 37576264 PMCID: PMC10412904 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This work is a case study whose objective is prediction of irrigation needs of corn crops in different regions of Ecuador; being this a fundamental basic food for the country's economy, as in the remaining countries of the Andean area. The proposed methodology seeks to help improving the quality of corn crop. Specifically, we propose the application of regression models, within the framework of Functional Data Analysis (FDA), to predict the amount of rainfall (scalar response variable) in the places with the highest production of corn in Ecuador, as a function of functional covariates such as temperature and wind speed. From the estimation of the amount of rainfall, effective precipitation is calculated. This is the fraction of water used by the crops, from which the value of real evapotranspiration or ETc is obtained and, more importantly, the irrigation requirements at each stage of the corn crop, for its adequate physiological development. Application of regression models based on functional basis, Functional Principal Components (FPC) or Functional Partial Least Squares (FPLS) for scalar response variable, allows us to use the information of variables such as wind speed and temperature (of functional nature) in a better way than using multivariate models, for predicting the amount of rainfall, obtaining, as a result, very explicative models, defined by a high goodness of fit (R 2 = 0.97 , with 6 significant parameters and an error of 0.14) and practical utility. The model has been also applied to North Peru regions, obtaining rainfall prediction errors between 9% and 22%. Thus, the geographical limitations of the model could be the Andean regions with similar climate. In addition, this study proposes the application of FDA exploratory analysis and FDA outlier detection techniques as a common and useful practice in the specific domain of rainfall prediction studies, prior to applying the regression models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Flores
- Departamento de Matemática, Grupo MODES, Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11–253, Quito, 17–01–2759, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Ángel Llambo
- Departamento de Matemática, Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11–253, Quito, 17–01–2759, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Danilo Loza
- Departamento de Matemática, Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11–253, Quito, 17–01–2759, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Salvador Naya
- Grupo MODES, CITIC, Departamento de Matemáticas, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Universidade da Coruña, Mendizábal s/n, Ferrol, 15403, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Javier Tarrío-Saavedra
- Grupo MODES, CITIC, Departamento de Matemáticas, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Universidade da Coruña, Mendizábal s/n, Ferrol, 15403, A Coruña, Spain
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2
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Trigo-Tasende N, Vallejo JA, Rumbo-Feal S, Conde-Pérez K, Vaamonde M, López-Oriona Á, Barbeito I, Nasser-Ali M, Reif R, Rodiño-Janeiro BK, Fernández-Álvarez E, Iglesias-Corrás I, Freire B, Tarrío-Saavedra J, Tomás L, Gallego-García P, Posada D, Bou G, López-de-Ullibarri I, Cao R, Ladra S, Poza M. Wastewater early warning system for SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and variants in a Coruña, Spain. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27877-3. [PMID: 37286834 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27877-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater-based epidemiology has been widely used as a cost-effective method for tracking the COVID-19 pandemic at the community level. Here we describe COVIDBENS, a wastewater surveillance program running from June 2020 to March 2022 in the wastewater treatment plant of Bens in A Coruña (Spain). The main goal of this work was to provide an effective early warning tool based in wastewater epidemiology to help in decision-making at both the social and public health levels. RT-qPCR procedures and Illumina sequencing were used to weekly monitor the viral load and to detect SARS-CoV-2 mutations in wastewater, respectively. In addition, own statistical models were applied to estimate the real number of infected people and the frequency of each emerging variant circulating in the community, which considerable improved the surveillance strategy. Our analysis detected 6 viral load waves in A Coruña with concentrations between 103 and 106 SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies/L. Our system was able to anticipate community outbreaks during the pandemic with 8-36 days in advance with respect to clinical reports and, to detect the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants in A Coruña such as Alpha (B.1.1.7), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529 and BA.2) in wastewater with 42, 30, and 27 days, respectively, before the health system did. Data generated here helped local authorities and health managers to give a faster and more efficient response to the pandemic situation, and also allowed important industrial companies to adapt their production to each situation. The wastewater-based epidemiology program developed in our metropolitan area of A Coruña (Spain) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic served as a powerful early warning system combining statistical models with mutations and viral load monitoring in wastewater over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Trigo-Tasende
- University of A Coruña (UDC) - Microbiome and Health group (meiGAbiome), Institute of Biomedical Research (INIBIC) - University Hospital of A Coruña (CHUAC) - Interdisciplinary Center for Chemistry and Biology (CICA) - Spanish Network for Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC-ISCIII), Campus da Zapateira, 15008, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Juan A Vallejo
- University of A Coruña (UDC) - Microbiome and Health group (meiGAbiome), Institute of Biomedical Research (INIBIC) - University Hospital of A Coruña (CHUAC) - Interdisciplinary Center for Chemistry and Biology (CICA) - Spanish Network for Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC-ISCIII), Campus da Zapateira, 15008, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Soraya Rumbo-Feal
- University of A Coruña (UDC) - Microbiome and Health group (meiGAbiome), Institute of Biomedical Research (INIBIC) - University Hospital of A Coruña (CHUAC) - Interdisciplinary Center for Chemistry and Biology (CICA) - Spanish Network for Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC-ISCIII), Campus da Zapateira, 15008, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Kelly Conde-Pérez
- University of A Coruña (UDC) - Microbiome and Health group (meiGAbiome), Institute of Biomedical Research (INIBIC) - University Hospital of A Coruña (CHUAC) - Interdisciplinary Center for Chemistry and Biology (CICA) - Spanish Network for Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC-ISCIII), Campus da Zapateira, 15008, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Manuel Vaamonde
- Research Group MODES, Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Campus de Elviña, 15071 , A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ángel López-Oriona
- Research Group MODES, Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Campus de Elviña, 15071 , A Coruña, Spain
| | - Inés Barbeito
- Research Group MODES, Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Campus de Elviña, 15071 , A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mohammed Nasser-Ali
- University of A Coruña (UDC) - Microbiome and Health group (meiGAbiome), Institute of Biomedical Research (INIBIC) - University Hospital of A Coruña (CHUAC) - Interdisciplinary Center for Chemistry and Biology (CICA) - Spanish Network for Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC-ISCIII), Campus da Zapateira, 15008, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Rubén Reif
- Center for Research in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials (CiQUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Bruno K Rodiño-Janeiro
- BFlow, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Campus Vida, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Elisa Fernández-Álvarez
- University of A Coruña (UDC), Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), Database Laboratory, Campus de Elviña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Iago Iglesias-Corrás
- University of A Coruña (UDC), Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), Database Laboratory, Campus de Elviña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Borja Freire
- University of A Coruña (UDC), Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), Database Laboratory, Campus de Elviña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Javier Tarrío-Saavedra
- Research Group MODES, Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Campus de Elviña, 15071 , A Coruña, Spain
| | - Laura Tomás
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312, Vigo, Spain
| | - Pilar Gallego-García
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312, Vigo, Spain
| | - David Posada
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312, Vigo, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics, and Immunology, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Germán Bou
- University of A Coruña (UDC) - Microbiome and Health group (meiGAbiome), Institute of Biomedical Research (INIBIC) - University Hospital of A Coruña (CHUAC) - Interdisciplinary Center for Chemistry and Biology (CICA) - Spanish Network for Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC-ISCIII), Campus da Zapateira, 15008, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ignacio López-de-Ullibarri
- Research Group MODES, Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Campus de Elviña, 15071 , A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ricardo Cao
- Research Group MODES, Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Campus de Elviña, 15071 , A Coruña, Spain
| | - Susana Ladra
- University of A Coruña (UDC), Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), Database Laboratory, Campus de Elviña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Margarita Poza
- University of A Coruña (UDC) - Microbiome and Health group (meiGAbiome), Institute of Biomedical Research (INIBIC) - University Hospital of A Coruña (CHUAC) - Interdisciplinary Center for Chemistry and Biology (CICA) - Spanish Network for Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC-ISCIII), Campus da Zapateira, 15008, A Coruña, Spain.
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Meneses A, Naya S, Francisco-Fernández M, López-Beceiro J, Gracia-Fernández C, Tarrío-Saavedra J. TTS package: Computational tools for the application of the Time Temperature Superposition principle. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15816. [PMID: 37215836 PMCID: PMC10192834 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The TTS package has been developed in R software to predict the mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials, at short and long observation times/frequencies by applying the Time Temperature Superposition (TTS) principle. TTS is a physical principle used in material science to estimate mechanical properties beyond the experimental range of observed times/frequencies by shifting data curves obtained at other temperatures relative to a reference temperature in the dataset. It is a methodology related to accelerated life-tests and reliability, whereas the TTS library is one of the first open source computational tool to apply the TTS principle. This R package provides free computational tools to obtain master curves that characterize materials from a thermal-mechanical approach. The TTS package also proposes, implements and explains our own method to obtain the shift factors and the master curve in a TTS analysis, based on horizontal shifting of the first derivative function of viscoelastic properties. This procedure provides shift factors estimates and smooth master curve estimates using B-spline fitting, in a fully automatic way, without assuming any parametric expression. Williams-Landel-Ferry (WLF) and Arrhenius TTS parametric models are also implemented in the TTS package. They can be fitted from shifts obtained by the our first derivative based method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salvador Naya
- CITIC, Grupo MODES, Departamento de Matemáticas, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
| | - Mario Francisco-Fernández
- CITIC, Grupo MODES, Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultade de Informática, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jorge López-Beceiro
- Campus Industrial de Ferrol, CITENI, Grupo PROTERM, Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial y Naval, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
| | | | - Javier Tarrío-Saavedra
- CITIC, Grupo MODES, Departamento de Matemáticas, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
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4
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Rodríguez-Dopico FJ, Carbas R, Borges CS, Tarrío-Saavedra J, da Silva L, García A. Combined effect of seawater and load on methacrylate adhesive. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14751. [PMID: 37035372 PMCID: PMC10073833 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the shipbuilding industry is constantly demanding new advanced joining solutions, adhesive technology is not as developed in the marine as compared to other industries. The main reason is the lack of specific knowledge that guarantees the durability of the bonded joints in optimal conditions during the life cycle of a ship. This work simulates in the laboratory a marine-like environment by immersing an adhesive in seawater and subjecting it to constant loading. The objective is to characterize the seawater absorption behavior and its consequences on the mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties of the adhesive after this aging process. Seawater ingress was determined through gravimetric tests at several load conditions of the tensile strength of the adhesive. Besides, absorption process was studied using Fick's Law, determining the diffusion coefficients. The thermal behavior was monitored with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the chemical degradation was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Also, the mechanical properties were determined by tensile tests. The surface of the adhesive (dried) was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) technique and the porosity was measured by physisorption with a high-performance adsorption analyzer. A numerical simulation was developed using Darcy's Law combined with continuity equation. The results show that application of loads and immersion in seawater until full saturation of seawater improve the mechanical properties of the adhesive, but it affects negatively to the glass transition temperature. This should be considered when designing adhesive bonding joints on ships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Rodríguez-Dopico
- Universidade da Coruña, Campus Industrial de Ferrol, Departamento Ingeniería Naval e Industrial, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Grupo de Propiedades Térmicas y Reológicas de Materiales, Ferrol, 15403, A Coruña, Spain
- Corresponding author.
| | - R.J.C. Carbas
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina S.P. Borges
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), Porto, Portugal
| | - J. Tarrío-Saavedra
- Grupo MODES, CITIC, Departamento de Matemáticas, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
| | - L.F.M. da Silva
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A.Álvarez García
- Universidade da Coruña, Campus Industrial de Ferrol, Departamento Ingeniería Naval e Industrial, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Grupo de Propiedades Térmicas y Reológicas de Materiales, Ferrol, 15403, A Coruña, Spain
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5
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Carral L, Tarrío-Saavedra J, Cartelle Barros JJ, Fabal CC, Ramil A, Álvarez-Feal C. Considerations on the programmed functional life (one generation) of a green artificial reef in terms of the sustainability of the modified ecosystem. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14978. [PMID: 37095963 PMCID: PMC10121649 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The installation of artificial reefs serves to enhance marine ecosystems, although it also modifies them. These changes do not have to be irreversible, since it is possible to treat the functional life of an artificial reef (AR) as a variable factor to be determined, with the objective of contributing to the sustainability of the ecosystem. The quest for sustainability does not end with the manufacture and installation of the AR units. It is also necessary to analyse the sustainability of the modified ecosystem, through the production of services. This leads to consider the medium-term return of the ecosystem to its initial state, once the functional life of the ARs expires. This paper presents and justifies an AR design/composition for limited functional life. It is the result of acting on the base material, the concrete, with the objective of limiting the useful life to one social generation. Four different dosages were proposed for such a purpose. They were subjected to mechanical tests (compressive strength and absorption after immersion), including an innovative abrasion-resistant one. The results allow estimating the functional life of the four types of concrete from the design variables (density, compactness, and quantity of water and cement as well as its relation). To this end linear regression models and clustering techniques were applied. The described procedure leads to an AR design for limited functional life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Carral
- Universidade da Coruña, CITENI, Campus Industrial de Ferrol, Departamento de Enxeñaría Naval e Industrial, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Esteiro, 15471, Ferrol, Spain
- Corresponding author.
| | - Javier Tarrío-Saavedra
- Universidade da Coruña, CITIC, Grupo MODES, Departamento de Matemáticas, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Esteiro, 15471 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Juan José Cartelle Barros
- Universidade da Coruña, CITENI, Campus Industrial de Ferrol, Departamento de Ciencias da Navegación e Enxeñaría Mariña, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Esteiro, 15471, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carolina Camba Fabal
- Universidade da Coruña, CITENI, Campus Industrial de Ferrol, Departamento de Enxeñaría Naval e Industrial, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Esteiro, 15471, Ferrol, Spain
| | - Alberto Ramil
- Universidade da Coruña, CITENI, Campus Industrial de Ferrol, Departamento de Enxeñaría Naval e Industrial, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Esteiro, 15471, Ferrol, Spain
| | - Carlos Álvarez-Feal
- Universidade da Coruña, Departamento de Enxeñaría Naval e Industrial, Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Esteiro, 15471, A Coruña, Spain
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Vallejo JA, Trigo-Tasende N, Rumbo-Feal S, Conde-Pérez K, López-Oriona Á, Barbeito I, Vaamonde M, Tarrío-Saavedra J, Reif R, Ladra S, Rodiño-Janeiro BK, Nasser-Ali M, Cid Á, Veiga M, Acevedo A, Lamora C, Bou G, Cao R, Poza M. Modeling the number of people infected with SARS-COV-2 from wastewater viral load in Northwest Spain. Sci Total Environ 2022; 811:152334. [PMID: 34921882 PMCID: PMC8674110 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The quantification of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA load in wastewater has emerged as a useful tool to monitor COVID-19 outbreaks in the community. This approach was implemented in the metropolitan area of A Coruña (NW Spain), where wastewater from a treatment plant was analyzed to track the epidemic dynamics in a population of 369,098 inhabitants. Viral load detected in the wastewater and the epidemiological data from A Coruña health system served as main sources for statistical models developing. Regression models described here allowed us to estimate the number of infected people (R2 = 0.9), including symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. These models have helped to understand the real magnitude of the epidemic in a population at any given time and have been used as an effective early warning tool for predicting outbreaks in A Coruña municipality. The methodology of the present work could be used to develop a similar wastewater-based epidemiological model to track the evolution of the COVID-19 epidemic anywhere in the world where centralized water-based sanitation systems exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Vallejo
- Microbiology Research Group, University Hospital Complex (CHUAC), Institute of Biomedical Research (INIBIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Servicio de Microbiología, 3(a) planta, Edificio Sur, Hospital Universitario, As Xubias, 15006, A Coruña, CIBER de enfermedades infecciosas, Spain
| | - Noelia Trigo-Tasende
- Microbiology Research Group, University Hospital Complex (CHUAC), Institute of Biomedical Research (INIBIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Servicio de Microbiología, 3(a) planta, Edificio Sur, Hospital Universitario, As Xubias, 15006, A Coruña, CIBER de enfermedades infecciosas, Spain
| | - Soraya Rumbo-Feal
- Microbiology Research Group, University Hospital Complex (CHUAC), Institute of Biomedical Research (INIBIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Servicio de Microbiología, 3(a) planta, Edificio Sur, Hospital Universitario, As Xubias, 15006, A Coruña, CIBER de enfermedades infecciosas, Spain
| | - Kelly Conde-Pérez
- Microbiology Research Group, University Hospital Complex (CHUAC), Institute of Biomedical Research (INIBIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Servicio de Microbiología, 3(a) planta, Edificio Sur, Hospital Universitario, As Xubias, 15006, A Coruña, CIBER de enfermedades infecciosas, Spain
| | - Ángel López-Oriona
- Research Group MODES, Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Facultade de Informática, Campus de Elviña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Inés Barbeito
- Research Group MODES, Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Facultade de Informática, Campus de Elviña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Manuel Vaamonde
- Research Group MODES, Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Facultade de Informática, Campus de Elviña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Javier Tarrío-Saavedra
- Research Group MODES, Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Facultade de Informática, Campus de Elviña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Rubén Reif
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782-Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Susana Ladra
- Database Laboratory, Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Campus de Elviña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Bruno K Rodiño-Janeiro
- BFlow, Campus Vida, Universidade Santiago de Compostela and Instituto de Investigatión Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Edificio Emprendia, Avenida do Mestre Mateo, 2, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mohammed Nasser-Ali
- Microbiology Research Group, University Hospital Complex (CHUAC), Institute of Biomedical Research (INIBIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Servicio de Microbiología, 3(a) planta, Edificio Sur, Hospital Universitario, As Xubias, 15006, A Coruña, CIBER de enfermedades infecciosas, Spain
| | - Ángeles Cid
- Department of Biology, University of A Coruña (UDC), Campus da Zapateira, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; Advanced Scientific Research Center (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), As Carballeiras, Campus de Elviña 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - María Veiga
- Advanced Scientific Research Center (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), As Carballeiras, Campus de Elviña 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Antón Acevedo
- General Directorate of Social Health Care, Xunta de Galicia, Edificios Administrativos, San Caetano s/n, 15781 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carlos Lamora
- Public Wastewater Treatment Plant Company EDAR Bens, S.A., Lugar de Bens, 15010 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Germán Bou
- Microbiology Research Group, University Hospital Complex (CHUAC), Institute of Biomedical Research (INIBIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Servicio de Microbiología, 3(a) planta, Edificio Sur, Hospital Universitario, As Xubias, 15006, A Coruña, CIBER de enfermedades infecciosas, Spain
| | - Ricardo Cao
- Research Group MODES, Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Facultade de Informática, Campus de Elviña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; Technological Institute for Industrial Mathematics (ITMATI), Universities of A Coruña (UDC), Santiago de Compostela (USC) and Vigo (UVIGO), Campus Vida, Rúa de Constantino Candeira, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Margarita Poza
- Microbiology Research Group, University Hospital Complex (CHUAC), Institute of Biomedical Research (INIBIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), Servicio de Microbiología, 3(a) planta, Edificio Sur, Hospital Universitario, As Xubias, 15006, A Coruña, CIBER de enfermedades infecciosas, Spain; Department of Biology, University of A Coruña (UDC), Campus da Zapateira, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; Advanced Scientific Research Center (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), As Carballeiras, Campus de Elviña 15071 A Coruña, Spain.
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7
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Díaz-Díaz A, Sánchez-Silva B, Tarrío-Saavedra J, López-Beceiro J, Gómez-Barreiro S, Artiaga R. Evaluation of the Curing of Adhesive Systems by Rheological and Thermal Testing. J Vis Exp 2020. [PMID: 32716389 DOI: 10.3791/61468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of thermal processes associated to the curing of adhesives and the study of mechanical behavior once cured, provide key information to choose the best option for any specific application. The proposed methodology for the curing characterization, based on thermal analysis and rheology, is described through the comparison of three commercial adhesives. The experimental techniques used here are Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Rheology. TGA provides information about the thermal stability and filler content, DSC allows the evaluation of some thermal events associated to the cure reaction and to thermal changes of the cured material when subjected to temperature changes. Rheology complements the information of the thermal transformations from a mechanical point of view. Thus, the curing reaction can be tracked through the elastic modulus (mainly the storage modulus), the phase angle and the gap. In addition, it is also shown that although DSC is of no use to study the curing of moisture curable adhesives, it is a very convenient method to evaluate the low temperature glass transition of amorphous systems.
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Robles-Bykbaev Y, Naya S, Díaz-Prado S, Calle-López D, Robles-Bykbaev V, Garzón L, Sanjurjo-Rodríguez C, Tarrío-Saavedra J. An artificial-vision- and statistical-learning-based method for studying the biodegradation of type I collagen scaffolds in bone regeneration systems. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7233. [PMID: 31316873 PMCID: PMC6613533 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This work proposes a method based on image analysis and machine and statistical learning to model and estimate osteocyte growth (in type I collagen scaffolds for bone regeneration systems) and the collagen degradation degree due to cellular growth. To achieve these aims, the mass of collagen -subjected to the action of osteocyte growth and differentiation from stem cells- was measured on 3 days during each of 2 months, under conditions simulating a tissue in the human body. In addition, optical microscopy was applied to obtain information about cellular growth, cellular differentiation, and collagen degradation. Our first contribution consists of the application of a supervised classification random forest algorithm to image texture features (the structure tensor and entropy) for estimating the different regions of interest in an image obtained by optical microscopy: the extracellular matrix, collagen, and image background, and nuclei. Then, extracellular-matrix and collagen regions of interest were determined by the extraction of features related to the progression of the cellular growth and collagen degradation (e.g., mean area of objects and the mode of an intensity histogram). Finally, these critical features were statistically modeled depending on time via nonparametric and parametric linear and nonlinear models such as those based on logistic functions. Namely, the parametric logistic mixture models provided a way to identify and model the degradation due to biological activity by estimating the corresponding proportion of mass loss. The relation between osteocyte growth and differentiation from stem cells, on the one hand, and collagen degradation, on the other hand, was determined too and modeled through analysis of image objects' circularity and area, in addition to collagen mass loss. This set of imaging techniques, machine learning procedures, and statistical tools allowed us to characterize and parameterize type I collagen biodegradation when collagen acts as a scaffold in bone regeneration tasks. Namely, the parametric logistic mixture models provided a way to identify and model the degradation due to biological activity and thus to estimate the corresponding proportion of mass loss. Moreover, the proposed methodology can help to estimate the degradation degree of scaffolds from the information obtained by optical microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslava Robles-Bykbaev
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.,Cátedra UNESCO UPS Tecnologías de apoyo para la Inclusión Educativa, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Cuenca, Ecuador.,Grupo de Investigación en Materiales (GiMaT), Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Salvador Naya
- Grupo MODES, CITIC, ITMATI, Departamento de Matemáticas, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
| | - Silvia Díaz-Prado
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Daniel Calle-López
- Cátedra UNESCO UPS Tecnologías de apoyo para la Inclusión Educativa, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Vladimir Robles-Bykbaev
- Cátedra UNESCO UPS Tecnologías de apoyo para la Inclusión Educativa, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Luis Garzón
- Grupo de Investigación en Materiales (GiMaT), Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Clara Sanjurjo-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Javier Tarrío-Saavedra
- Grupo MODES, CITIC, ITMATI, Departamento de Matemáticas, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
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Robles-Bykbaev Y, Tarrío-Saavedra J, Quintana-Pita S, Díaz-Prado S, García Sabán FJ, Naya S. Correction: Statistical degradation modelling of Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) copolymers for bioscaffold applications. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206833. [PMID: 30372485 PMCID: PMC6205651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Robles-Bykbaev Y, Tarrío-Saavedra J, Quintana-Pita S, Díaz-Prado S, García Sabán FJ, Naya S. Statistical degradation modelling of Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) copolymers for bioscaffold applications. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204004. [PMID: 30273349 PMCID: PMC6166939 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This methodology permits to simulate the performance of different Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) copolymer formulations (PDLGA) in the human body, to identify the more influencing variables on hydrolytic degradation and, thus, to estimate biopolymer degradation level. The PDLGA characteristic degradation trends, caused by hydrolysis processes, have been studied to define their future biomedical applications as dental scaffolds. For this purpose, the mass loss, pH, glass transition temperature (Tg) and absorbed water mass of the different biopolymers have been obtained from samples into a phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) with initial pH of 7.4, at 37°C (human body conditions). The mass loss has been defined as the variable that characterize the biopolymer degradation level. Its dependence relationship with respect to time, pH and biopolymer formulation has been modelled using statistical learning tools. Namely, generalized additive models (GAM) and nonlinear mixed-effects regression with logistic and asymptotic functions have been applied. GAM model provides information about the relevant variables and the parametric functions that relate mass loss, pH and time. Mixed effects are introduced to model and estimate the degradation properties, and to compare the PDLGA biopolymer populations. The degradation path for each polymer formulation has been estimated and compared with respect to the others for helping to use the proper polymer for each specific medical application, performing selection criteria. It was found that the mass loss differences in PDLGA copolymers are strongly related with the way the pH decay versus time, due to carboxylic acid groups formation. This may occur in those environments in which the degradation products remain relatively confined with the non degraded mass. This is the case emulated with the present experimental procedure. The results show that PDLGA polymers degradation degree, in terms of half life and degradation rate, is increasing when acid termination is included, when DL-lactide molar ratio is reduced, decreasing the midpoint viscosity, or when glycolide is not included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslava Robles-Bykbaev
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
- GI-IATa, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Javier Tarrío-Saavedra
- Grupo MODES, Departamento de Matemáticas, Escola Politécnica Superior, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
- Centro de Investigación TIC (CITIC), Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Silvia Díaz-Prado
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Salvador Naya
- Grupo MODES, Departamento de Matemáticas, Escola Politécnica Superior, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
- Centro de Investigación TIC (CITIC), Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
- ITMATI, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Díaz-Díaz AM, Sánchez-Silva B, Tarrío-Saavedra J, López-Beceiro J, Janeiro-Arocas J, Gracia-Fernández C, Artiaga R. Dynamic rheological comparison of silicones for podiatry applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 85:66-71. [PMID: 29859416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This work shows an effective methodology to evaluate the dynamic viscoelastic behavior of silicones for application in podiatry. The aim is to characterize, compare their viscoelastic properties according to the dynamic stresses they can be presumably subjected when used in podiatry orthotic applications. These results provide a deeper insight which extends the previous creep-recovery results to the world of dynamic stresses developed in physical activity. In this context, it shoulod be taken into account that an orthoses can subjected to a set of static and dynamic shear and compressive forces. METHODS Two different podiatric silicones, Blanda-blanda and Master, from Herbitas, are characterized by dynamic rheological methods. Three kinds of rheological tests are considered: shear stress sweep, compression frequency sweep and shear frequency sweep, all the three with simultaneous control of the static force at three different levels. The static force represents a static load like that produced by the weight of a human body on a shoe insole. In a practical sense, dynamic stresses are related to physical activity and are needed to evaluate the frequency effect on the viscoelastic behavior of the material. It is considered that the dynamic stresses can be applied in compression and shear since, in practice, the way the stresses are applied in real life depends on the orthoses geometry and its exact location with respect to the foot and shoe. The effects of static and dynamic loads are individualized and compared to each other through the relations between the elastic constants for isotropic materials. CONCLUSIONS The overall proposed experimental methodology can provide very insightful information for better selection of materials in podiatry applications. This study focuses on the rheological characterization to choose the right silicone for each podiatric application, taking into account the dynamic viscoelastic requirements associated to the physical activity of user. Accordingly, one soft and one hard silicones of common use in podiatry were tested. Each of the two silicones exhibit not only different moduli values, but also, a different kind of dependence of the dynamic moduli with respect to the static load. In the case of the soft sample a linear trend is observed but in the case of of the hard one the dependence is of the power law type. Moreover, these samples exhibit very different Poisson's coefficient values for compression stresses lower than 20 kPa, and almost the same values for stresses above 40 kPa. That different dependence of the Poisson's ratio on the static load should also be taken into account for material selection in customized podiatry applications, where static and dynamic loads are strongly dependent on the individual weight and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-María Díaz-Díaz
- Department of Mathematics, Higher Polytechnic University College, Universidade da Coruña, Spain
| | - Bárbara Sánchez-Silva
- Department of Naval and Industrial Engineering, Higher Polytechnic University College, Universidade da Coruña, Spain
| | - Javier Tarrío-Saavedra
- Department of Mathematics, Higher Polytechnic University College, Universidade da Coruña, Spain
| | - Jorge López-Beceiro
- Department of Naval and Industrial Engineering, Higher Polytechnic University College, Universidade da Coruña, Spain
| | - Julia Janeiro-Arocas
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Ramón Artiaga
- Department of Naval and Industrial Engineering, Higher Polytechnic University College, Universidade da Coruña, Spain.
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Abstract
Este trabajo representa una nueva alternativa para el estudio, clasificación y comparación de la producción científica de centros de investigación, utilizando las funciones de tratamiento de datos del paquete Citan del software estadístico R. En particular, se muestra el análisis bibliométrico de las publicaciones de las universidades de A Coruña, Santiago de Compostela y Vigo, en el periodo 2000-2011, recopiladas por la base de datos Scopus. Entre las técnicas usadas se aplicaron modelos de Lotka y Price, modelización no paramétrica y paramétrica de los datos, así como el cálculo y análisis de indicadores de la cantidad y calidad de la producción científica, los índices h y g, y otros menosconocidos como los rp1, lp, Ge1, Ge5 y Slp1. Como novedad, se propone una variante del índice h (hh) que define el grupo de investigadores que forman la élitemás productiva de cada universidad y estima su calidad investigadora.AbstractThis work represents a new alternative for the study, classification and comparison of the scientific production corresponding to research entities. It consists on the application of statistical data processing functions available in the R software’s Citan package. In particular, the bibliometric study of publications of universities of A Coruña, Santiago de Compostela and Vigo, in the period 2000-2011, compiled by the Scopus database. The study was conducted using the statistical analysis of the data, the application of models of Lotka and Price, nonparametric and parametric modeling (Pareto) of the data, and the calculation and analysis of indicators of the scientific production like the h and g indexes, and others lesser known as rp1, lp, Ge1, Ge5 and Slp1. A novelty consists in a variant of the h index (hh) that defines the group of researchers who are the most productive of each university, the elite, and estimates the researching quality of such representative elites.
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Tarrío-Saavedra J, González CG, Naya S, López-Beceiro J, Ponton A. Statistical Modeling Applied to Deformation-Relaxation Processes in a Composite Biopolymer Network Induced by Magnetic Field. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169866. [PMID: 28081239 PMCID: PMC5231373 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated a methodology based on image processing and statistics to characterize and model the deformation upon controlled and uniform magnetic field and the relaxation under zero field of droplets observed in aqueous solutions of sodium alginate incorporating magnetic maghemite nanoparticles stabilized by adsorption of citrate ions. The changes of droplet geometry were statistically analyzed using a new approach based on the data obtained from optical microscopy, image processing, nonlinear regression, evolutionary optimization, analysis of variance and resampling. Image enhancement and then image segmentation (Gaussian mixture modeling) processes were applied to extract features with reliable information of droplets dimensions from optical micrographs. The droplets deformation and relaxation trends were accurately adjusted by the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) function and a mean relaxation time was obtained by fitting the time evolution of geometry parameters. It was found to be proportional to the initial radius of the spherical droplets and was associated to interfacial tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Tarrío-Saavedra
- Department of Mathematics, EPS. University of A Coruña. Avda. Mendizábal s/n. Ferrol. Spain
| | - Cécilia Galindo González
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes CNRS, UMR 7057, Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 Bâtiment Condorcet Case 7056, Paris
| | - Salvador Naya
- Department of Mathematics, EPS. University of A Coruña. Avda. Mendizábal s/n. Ferrol. Spain
| | - Jorge López-Beceiro
- Department of Industrial Engineering II, EPS. University of A Coruña. Avda. Mendizábal s/n. Ferrol. Spain
| | - Alain Ponton
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes CNRS, UMR 7057, Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 Bâtiment Condorcet Case 7056, Paris
- * E-mail:
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