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Agarwal N, Saad F, Azad AA, Mateo J, Matsubara N, Shore ND, Chakrabarti J, Chen HC, Lanzalone S, Niyazov A, Fizazi K. TALAPRO-3 clinical trial protocol: phase III study of talazoparib plus enzalutamide in metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. Future Oncol 2024; 20:493-505. [PMID: 37882449 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in combination with androgen-receptor signaling inhibitors are a promising therapeutic option for patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) and homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene alterations. Here, we describe the design and rationale of the multinational, phase III, TALAPRO-3 study comparing talazoparib plus enzalutamide versus placebo plus enzalutamide in patients with mCSPC and HRR gene alterations. The primary end point is investigator-assessed radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) per RECIST 1.1 in soft tissue, or per PCWG3 criteria in bone. The TALAPRO-3 study will demonstrate whether the addition of talazoparib can improve the efficacy of enzalutamide as assessed by rPFS in patients with mCSPC and HRR gene alterations undergoing androgen deprivation therapy. Clinical Trial Registration:NCT04821622 (ClinicalTrials.gov) Registry Name: Study of Talazoparib With Enzalutamide in Men With DDR Gene Mutated mCSPC. Date of Registration: 29 March 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Agarwal
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Fred Saad
- University of Montréal Hospital Center, Montréal, Québec, H2L 4M1, Canada
| | - Arun A Azad
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Joaquin Mateo
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Neal D Shore
- Carolina Urologic Research Center, Myrtle Beach, SC 29572, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Karim Fizazi
- Institut Gustave Roussy, University of Paris Sud, Villejuif, 94800, France
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Litton JK, Beck JT, Jones JM, Andersen J, Blum JL, Mina LA, Brig R, Danso M, Yuan Y, Abbattista A, Noonan K, Niyazov A, Chakrabarti J, Czibere A, Symmans WF, Telli ML. Neoadjuvant Talazoparib in Patients With Germline BRCA1/2 Mutation-Positive, Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Results of a Phase II Study. Oncologist 2023; 28:845-855. [PMID: 37318349 PMCID: PMC10546823 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyad139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The undetermined efficacy of the current standard-of-care neoadjuvant treatment, anthracycline/platinum-based chemotherapy, in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and germline BRCA mutations emphasizes the need for biomarker-targeted treatment, such as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, in this setting. This phase II, single-arm, open-label study evaluated the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant talazoparib in patients with germline BRCA1/2-mutated early-stage TNBC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with germline BRCA1/2-mutated early-stage TNBC received talazoparib 1 mg once daily for 24 weeks (0.75 mg for moderate renal impairment) followed by surgery. The primary endpoint was pathologic complete response (pCR) by independent central review (ICR). Secondary endpoints included residual cancer burden (RCB) by ICR. Safety and tolerability of talazoparib and patient-reported outcomes were assessed. RESULTS Of 61 patients, 48 received ≥80% talazoparib doses, underwent surgery, and were assessed for pCR or progressed before pCR assessment and considered nonresponders. pCR rate was 45.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32.0%-60.6%) and 49.2% (95% CI, 36.7%-61.6%) in the evaluable and intent-to-treat (ITT) population, respectively. RCB 0/I rate was 45.8% (95% CI, 29.4%-63.2%) and 50.8% (95% CI, 35.5%-66.0%) in the evaluable and ITT population, respectively. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAE) were reported in 58 (95.1%) patients. Most common grade 3 and 4 TRAEs were anemia (39.3%) and neutropenia (9.8%). There was no clinically meaningful detriment in quality of life. No deaths occurred during the reporting period; 2 deaths due to progressive disease occurred during long-term follow-up (>400 days after first dose). CONCLUSIONS Neoadjuvant talazoparib monotherapy was active despite pCR rates not meeting the prespecified threshold; these rates were comparable to those observed with combination anthracycline- and taxane-based chemotherapy regimens. Talazoparib was generally well tolerated. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER NCT03499353.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K Litton
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J Thaddeus Beck
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Highlands Oncology, Springdale, AR, USA
| | - Jason M Jones
- Avera Medical Group Oncology & Hematology, Avera Cancer Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Jay Andersen
- Medical Oncology, Compass Oncology, West Cancer Center, US Oncology Network, Tigard, OR, USA
| | - Joanne L Blum
- Department of Oncology, Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, US Oncology Network, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lida A Mina
- Hematology Oncology Department, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, AZ, USA
| | - Raymond Brig
- Medical Oncology, Brig Center for Cancer Care and Survivorship, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Michael Danso
- Medical Oncology, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, Cedars-Sinai Cancer Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
| | | | - Kay Noonan
- Clinical Oncology, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Akos Czibere
- Oncology Drug Development, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - William F Symmans
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Melinda L Telli
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Karmakar R, Chakrabarti J. Hot crystals of thermo-responsive particles with temperature dependent diameter in the presence of a temperature gradient. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:034904. [PMID: 37466232 DOI: 10.1063/5.0157604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Structure formation under non-equilibrium steady state conditions is poorly understood. A non-equilibrium steady state can be achieved in a system by maintaining a temperature gradient. A class of cross-linked microgel particles, such as poly-N-iso-propylacrylamide, is reported to increase in size due to the adsorption of water as the temperature decreases. Here, we study thermo-responsive particles with a temperature sensitive diameter in the presence of a temperature gradient, using molecular dynamics simulations with the Langevin thermostat. We find long-ranged structural order using bond order parameters in both cold and hot regions of the system beyond a certain diameter ratio of the cold and hot particles. This is due to an increase in packing and pressure in both regions. Our observations might be useful in understanding ordered structures under extreme conditions of a non-equilibrium steady state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Karmakar
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block-JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake Kolkata 700106, India
| | - J Chakrabarti
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block-JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake Kolkata 700106, India
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Pearson ADJ, Federico S, Gatz SA, Ortiz M, Lesa G, Scobie N, Gounaris I, Weiner SL, Weigel B, Unger TJ, Stewart E, Smith M, Slotkin EK, Reaman G, Pappo A, Nysom K, Norga K, McDonough J, Marshall LV, Ludwinski D, Ligas F, Karres D, Kool M, Horner TJ, Henssen A, Heenen D, Hawkins DS, Gore L, Bender JG, Galluzzo S, Fox E, de Rojas T, Davies BR, Chakrabarti J, Carmichael J, Bradford D, Blanc P, Bernardi R, Benchetrit S, Akindele K, Vassal G. Paediatric Strategy Forum for medicinal product development of DNA damage response pathway inhibitors in children and adolescents with cancer: ACCELERATE in collaboration with the European Medicines Agency with participation of the Food and Drug Administration. Eur J Cancer 2023; 190:112950. [PMID: 37441939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.112950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage response inhibitors have a potentially important therapeutic role in paediatric cancers; however, their optimal use, including patient selection and combination strategy, remains unknown. Moreover, there is an imbalance between the number of drugs with diverse mechanisms of action and the limited number of paediatric patients available to be enrolled in early-phase trials, so prioritisation and a strategy are essential. While PARP inhibitors targeting homologous recombination-deficient tumours have been used primarily in the treatment of adult cancers with BRCA1/2 mutations, BRCA1/2 mutations occur infrequently in childhood tumours, and therefore, a specific response hypothesis is required. Combinations with targeted radiotherapy, ATR inhibitors, or antibody drug conjugates with DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor-related warheads warrant evaluation. Additional monotherapy trials of PARP inhibitors with the same mechanism of action are not recommended. PARP1-specific inhibitors and PARP inhibitors with very good central nervous system penetration also deserve evaluation. ATR, ATM, DNA-PK, CHK1, WEE1, DNA polymerase theta and PKMYT1 inhibitors are early in paediatric development. There should be an overall coordinated strategy for their development. Therefore, an academia/industry consensus of the relevant biomarkers will be established and a focused meeting on ATR inhibitors (as proof of principle) held. CHK1 inhibitors have demonstrated activity in desmoplastic small round cell tumours and have a potential role in the treatment of other paediatric malignancies, such as neuroblastoma and Ewing sarcoma. Access to CHK1 inhibitors for paediatric clinical trials is a high priority. The three key elements in evaluating these inhibitors in children are (1) innovative trial design (design driven by a clear hypothesis with the intent to further investigate responders and non-responders with detailed retrospective molecular analyses to generate a revised or new hypothesis); (2) biomarker selection and (3) rational combination therapy, which is limited by overlapping toxicity. To maximally benefit children with cancer, investigators should work collaboratively to learn the lessons from the past and apply them to future studies. Plans should be based on the relevant biology, with a focus on simultaneous and parallel research in preclinical and clinical settings, and an overall integrated and collaborative strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D J Pearson
- ACCELERATE, c/o BLSI, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs 30, Bte 1.30.30 BE-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sara Federico
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Susanne A Gatz
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michael Ortiz
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giovanni Lesa
- Paediatric Medicines Office, Scientific Evidence Generation Department, Human Division, European Medicines Agency (EMA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Ioannis Gounaris
- Merck Serono Ltd (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Feltham, UK
| | | | | | - T J Unger
- Repare Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Gregory Reaman
- US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Springs, MD, USA
| | - Alberto Pappo
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Koen Norga
- Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Paediatric Committee of the European Medicines Agency (EMA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Federal Agency for Medicines and Health Products, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joe McDonough
- The Andrew McDonough B+ Foundation, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Lynley V Marshall
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Hospital, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Franca Ligas
- Paediatric Medicines Office, Scientific Evidence Generation Department, Human Division, European Medicines Agency (EMA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dominik Karres
- Paediatric Medicines Office, Scientific Evidence Generation Department, Human Division, European Medicines Agency (EMA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel Kool
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Douglas S Hawkins
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA; Children's Oncology Group, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lia Gore
- Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Elizabeth Fox
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Teresa de Rojas
- ACCELERATE, c/o BLSI, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs 30, Bte 1.30.30 BE-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Juliet Carmichael
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Hospital, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Diana Bradford
- US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Springs, MD, USA
| | | | - Ronald Bernardi
- Genentech, a Member of the Roche Group, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sylvie Benchetrit
- National Agency for the Safety of Medicine and Health Products, Paris, France
| | | | - Gilles Vassal
- ACCELERATE, c/o BLSI, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs 30, Bte 1.30.30 BE-1200 Brussels, Belgium; Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre, Paris, France
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Agarwal N, Saad F, Azad A, Mateo J, Matsubara N, Shore ND, Chakrabarti J, Chen HC, Lanzalone S, Niyazov A, Fizazi K. TALAPRO-3: A phase 3, double-blind, randomized study of enzalutamide (ENZA) plus talazoparib (TALA) vs placebo plus ENZA in patients with DDR gene-mutated, metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). J Clin Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2023.41.6_suppl.tps279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
TPS279 Background: TALA is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) that has shown efficacy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers with alterations in DNA damage response (DDR) genes involved directly or indirectly in homologous recombination repair (HRR). ENZA is an androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor and established therapy for mCSPC. Since PARP activity has been shown to support AR function, PARP inhibition may increase sensitivity to AR-directed therapies. In addition, AR blockade downregulates HRR gene regulation, which has been hypothesized to induce a “ BRCAness” phenotype. These studies suggest that TALA in combination with ENZA may significantly improve clinical outcomes for men with mCSPC and DDR-HRR alterations. The phase 3, double-blind, randomized trial TALAPRO-3 (NCT04821622) herein presented will compare the combination of TALA plus ENZA vs placebo plus ENZA in this setting. Methods: Approximately 550 patients with mCSPC harboring DDR-HRR alterations will be randomized to TALA (0.5 mg once daily [QD]) plus ENZA (160 mg QD) or placebo (once daily) plus ENZA (160 mg QD). Patients will be stratified according to de novo mCSPC vs relapsed mCSPC, high-volume disease vs low-volume disease, where high-volume disease is defined as the presence of visceral metastases or ≥4 bone lesions with ≥1 beyond the vertebral bodies and pelvis, and BRCA vs non-BRCA mutational status. Key eligibility criteria include age ≥18 years; histological diagnosis of prostate cancer; alterations in at least one of 12 DDR/HRR genes known to sensitize patients to PARPi ( ATM, ATR, BRCA1, BRCA2, CDK12, CHEK2, FANCA, MLH1, MRE11A, NBN, PALB2, RAD51C); and metastatic disease (no brain metastases). Primary endpoint is radiographic progression-free survival (defined as time to radiographic progression in soft tissue per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 or in bone per Prostate Cancer Working Group 3 criteria by investigator, or death). Secondary endpoints include overall survival, safety, and patient-reported outcomes. Patient recruitment is planned/ongoing at approximately 285 sites in 27 countries, including the US and Europe, South America, South Africa, and Asia-Pacific. As of 30 September 2022, a total of 319 patients have been randomized in the study. This study was approved by an Institutional Review Board. Clinical trial information: NCT04821622 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Agarwal
- Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Fred Saad
- University of Montreal Hospital Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Arun Azad
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joaquin Mateo
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karim Fizazi
- Institut Gustave Roussy, University of Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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Moulick AG, Chakrabarti J. Conformational fluctuations in the molten globule state of α-lactalbumin. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:21348-21357. [PMID: 36043462 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02168d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A molten globule (MG) state is an intermediate state of a protein observed during the unfolding of the native structure. The MG state of the protein is induced by various denaturing agents (like urea), extreme pH, pressure, and heat. Experiments suggest that the MG state of some proteins is functionally relevant even if there is no well-defined tertiary structure. Earlier experimental and theoretical studies show that the MG state of a protein is dynamic in nature, where conformational states are interconverted on nanosecond time scales. These observations lead us to study and compare the conformational fluctuations of the MG state to those of intrinsic disordered proteins (IDPs). We consider a milk protein, α-lactalbumin (aLA), which shows an MG state at low pH upon removal of the calcium (Ca2+) ion. We use the constant pH molecular dynamics (CpHMD) simulation to maintain the protonation state of titratable residues at a low pH during the simulation. We use the dihedral principal component analysis, the density based clustering method, and the machine learning technique to identify the conformational fluctuations. We observe metastable states in the MG state. The residues containing the essential coordinates responsible for metastability belong to a stable helix in the crystal structure, but most of them prefer unstructured or bent conformation in the MG state. These residues control the exposure of the putative binding residues for fatty acids. Thus, the MG state of a protein behaves as an intrinsic disorder protein, although the disorder here is induced by external conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhik Ghosh Moulick
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700098, India.
| | - J Chakrabarti
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700098, India. .,Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700098, India
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Agarwal N, Saad F, Azad A, Mateo J, Matsubara N, Shore ND, Chakrabarti J, Chen HC, Lanzalone S, Niyazov A, Fizazi K. TALAPRO-3: A phase 3, double-blind, randomized study of enzalutamide (ENZA) plus talazoparib (TALA) versus placebo plus ENZA in patients with DDR gene–mutated, metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.tps5096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TPS5096 Background: TALA is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) approved as monotherapy for germline BRCA1/2-mutated HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. Clinical efficacy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers (mCRPC) with alterations in DNA damage response (DDR) genes involved directly or indirectly in homologous recombination repair (HRR) has been demonstrated with some PARPi. Phase 3 study findings (de Bono et al. N Engl J Med, 2020;382:2091-2102) resulted in the approval of olaparib for mCRPC. ENZA is an androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor and established therapy for mCSPC. Since PARP activity has been shown to support AR function, PARP inhibition may increase sensitivity to AR-directed therapies. In addition, AR blockade downregulates HRR gene regulation, which has been hypothesized to induce a “ BRCAness” phenotype. A Phase 2 study of TALA monotherapy (TALAPRO-1) demonstrated robust antitumor activity in men with heavily pretreated, HRR-mutated mCRPC. The Phase 3, double-blind, randomized trial TALAPRO-3 (NCT04821622) herein presented will compare the combination of TALA plus ENZA vs placebo plus ENZA in men with mCSPC with DDR/HRR alterations. Methods: Approximately 550 patients with mCSPC harboring DDR/HRR alterations will be randomized to TALA (0.5 mg once daily) plus ENZA (160 mg once daily) or placebo (once daily) plus ENZA (160 mg once daily). Patients will be stratified according to de novo mCSPC vs relapsed mCSPC, high-volume disease vs low-volume disease, where high-volume disease is defined as the presence of visceral metastases or ≥4 bone lesions with ≥1 beyond the vertebral bodies and pelvis and BRCA vs non-BRCA mutational status. Key eligibility criteria include age ≥18 years; histological diagnosis of prostate cancer; alterations in at least one of 12 DDR/HRR genes known to sensitize patients to PARPi ( ATM, ATR, BRCA1, BRCA2, CDK12, CHEK2, FANCA, MLH1, MRE11A, NBN, PALB2, RAD51C); and metastatic disease (no brain metastases). Primary endpoint is rPFS (time to radiographic progression in soft tissue per RECIST 1.1 or in bone per PCWG3 criteria by investigator, or death). Secondary endpoints include overall survival, safety, and patient-reported outcomes. Patient recruitment is planned at approximately 285 sites in 27 countries, including the US and Europe, South America, South Africa, and Asia-Pacific. This study was approved by an Institutional Review Board. Clinical trial information: NCT04821622.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Agarwal
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Fred Saad
- University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Arun Azad
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joaquin Mateo
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karim Fizazi
- Institut Gustave Roussy, University of Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
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Tendong E, Saha-Dasgupta T, Chakrabarti J. Viscoelastic response of fluid trapped between two dissimilar van der Waals surfaces. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:195101. [PMID: 35144244 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac53d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Employing grand canonical Monte-Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations, the viscoelastic response of trapped fluid under molecularly thin confinement by walls having different wall-fluid interaction strengths, is investigated. With increase in slit asymmetry, given by the ratio of interaction strengths of the wall having strong wall-fluid interaction to that of the wall with weak wall-fluid interaction, a crossover in effective density of the fluid film, from rarer (R) to denser (D) than the bulk density is observed. Upon increasing asymmetry further, the dense fluid (F) layers undergo bond-orientational (S) ordering. The variation of viscoelastic relaxation time with scaled asymmetry shows a universal behavior, independent of slit width, with two distinct regimes. Below a critical value of asymmetry, the viscoelastic relaxation time is a slowly varying function of asymmetry, comparable with the structural relaxation time. Beyond the critical asymmetry, on the other hand, viscoelastic response time shows a sharp increase upon increasing asymmetry, deviating markedly from the structural relaxation time. Interestingly the critical asymmetry value is found to correlate with R to D crossover. The microscopic origin of the two-regime universal behavior of viscoelastic response time is found to stem from the fact that below critical asymmetry, the overall viscoelastic behaviour of the slit is dominated by that of the fast relaxing layer close to the weakly attracting surface, while above the critical asymmetry, the relaxation behaviour is guided by the dense fluid layer adjacent to the strongly attracting wall. In vicinity of fluid to ordering transition, the loss and storage moduli merge for low frequencies as in gel-like mechanical behaviour. The storage modulus takes over the loss modulus in the phase co-existence region even before the long ranged order sets in. Our findings bear important implications for fluid transport in hetero-structured geometry in nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tendong
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Sciences, S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700106, India
| | - T Saha-Dasgupta
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Sciences, Thematic Unit of Excellence for Material Science & Technology Research Centre, S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700106, India
| | - J Chakrabarti
- Department of Chemical Biological and Macromoleculer Sciences, Thematic Unit of Excellence for Material Science & Technology Research Centre, S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700106, India
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Guo C, Yu Y, Chakrabarti J, Piha-Paul SA, Moroose R, Plotka A, Shi H, Durairaj C, Wang DD, Wainberg ZA. Evaluation of pharmacokinetics and safety of talazoparib in patients with advanced cancer and varying degrees of hepatic impairment. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 88:3392-3403. [PMID: 35236002 PMCID: PMC9314093 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This phase I study investigated talazoparib pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety in patients with advanced solid tumors and varying degrees of hepatic function. METHODS Patients with advanced solid tumors and normal hepatic function or varying degrees of hepatic impairment (mild, moderate, and severe, based on NCI-ODWG classification) received talazoparib 0.5 mg once daily for 22 calendar days. Plasma and urine samples after single and multiple doses were collected and analyzed for talazoparib using validated assays. Plasma PK data from all patients were analyzed using population PK method. Plasma and urine PK parameters in PK-evaluable patients were calculated using non-compartmental analysis (NCA). Safety was monitored in all enrolled patients. RESULTS 38 patients were enrolled; 37 had ≥1 PK concentration, among which 17 were evaluable for NCA. Population PK analysis (n = 37) indicated no significant impact of hepatic function on apparent clearance (CL/F) of talazoparib. Baseline creatinine clearance was the only significant covariate on CL/F (α=0.05). NCA of data (n = 17) showed no clear trend for increase in exposure on Day 22 with worsening hepatic function. Talazoparib protein binding was comparable in patients with varying hepatic function. Talazoparib was generally well tolerated, and the safety profile observed in this study was consistent with the known safety profile of the drug. CONCLUSIONS Hepatic impairment (mild, moderate, and severe) has no impact on PK of talazoparib. No dose modification is recommended for patients with advanced solid tumors and various degrees of hepatic impairment, and this labeling language has been approved by US FDA and the EMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Guo
- Pfizer Inc., La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yanke Yu
- Pfizer Inc., La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Sarina A Piha-Paul
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Anna Plotka
- Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | - Zev A Wainberg
- University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Agarwal N, Azad A, Fizazi K, Mateo J, Matsubara N, Shore ND, Chakrabarti J, Chen HC, Lanzalone S, Niyazov A, Saad F. Talapro-3: A phase 3, double-blind, randomized study of enzalutamide (ENZA) plus talazoparib (TALA) versus placebo plus enza in patients with DDR gene mutated metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.6_suppl.tps221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TPS221 Background: TALA is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) approved as monotherapy for germline BRCA1/2-mutated HER 2-negative advanced breast cancer. PARPi have demonstrated substantial clinical efficacy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers (mCRPC) with alterations in DNA damage response (DDR) genes involved directly or indirectly in homologous recombination repair (HRR). Phase 3 study findings (de Bono et al. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:2091-2102) resulted in the approval of olaparib for mCRPC. ENZA is an androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor and established therapy for mCSPC. Since PARP activity has been shown to support AR function, PARP inhibition is expected to increase sensitivity to AR-directed therapies. In addition, AR blockade downregulates HRR gene regulation, which has been hypothesized to induce a “ BRCAness ” phenotype . A phase 2 study of TALA monotherapy (TALAPRO-1) demonstrated robust antitumor activity in men with heavily pretreated, HRR-mutated mCRPC . The Phase 3, double-blind, randomized trial TALAPRO-3 (NCT04821622) herein presented will compare the combination of TALA plus ENZA versus placebo plus ENZA in men with mCSPC with DDR/HRR alterations. Methods: Approximately 550 patients with mCSPC harboring DDR/HRR alterations will be randomized to TALA (0.5 mg once daily) plus ENZA (160 mg once daily) or placebo (once daily) plus ENZA (160 mg once daily). Key eligibility criteria include age ≥18 years; histological diagnosis of prostate cancer; alterations in 12 DDR/HRR genes known to sensitize to PARPi ( ATM, ATR, BRCA1, BRCA2, CDK12, CHEK2, FANCA, MLH1, MRE11A, NBN, PALB2, RAD51C); and metastatic disease (no brain metastases). Primary endpoint is rPFS (time to radiographic progression in soft tissue per RECIST 1.1 or in bone per PCWG3 criteria by investigator, or death). Secondary endpoints include overall survival, safety, and patient-reported outcomes. Patient recruitment is planned at approximately 285 sites in 27 countries, including the US and Europe, South America, South Africa, and Asia-Pacific. Clinical trial information: NCT04821622.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Agarwal
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Arun Azad
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karim Fizazi
- Institut Gustave Roussy, University of Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Joaquin Mateo
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fred Saad
- University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
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11
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Karmakar R, Chakrabarti J. A long-range order in a thermally driven system with temperature-dependent interactions. Soft Matter 2022; 18:867-876. [PMID: 35001096 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01379c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation of macro-molecules under an external force is far from being understood. An important driving situation is achieved by temperature difference. Inter-particle interactions in metallic nanoparticles with ligand capping are reported to be sensitive to temperature and the zeta potential of the particles being reduced in the cold region. Such particles form aggregates in the cold region of the system in the presence of temperature difference. Here we study the aggregation of particles in the presence of temperature difference with temperature-dependent interaction parameters using Brownian dynamics simulation. The particle interaction and particle diffusion are considered to be sensitive to the local temperature. We identify a long-range structural order in the cold region of the system using the Avrami equation for crystal growth kinetics. Our observations might be useful in designing ordered structures with macro-molecules under non-equilibrium steady-state conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Karmakar
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block-JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India.
| | - J Chakrabarti
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block-JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India.
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12
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Agarwal N, Azad A, Mateo J, Shore N, Chakrabarti J, Chen HC, Lanzalone S, Niyazov A, Saad F. 645TiP TALAPRO-3: A phase III, double-blind, randomized study of enzalutamide (ENZA) plus talazoparib (TALA) vs placebo plus ENZA in patients (pts) with DDR gene mutated metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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13
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Litton JK, Beck JT, Jones JM, Andersen J, Blum JL, Mina LA, Brig R, Danso MA, Yuan Y, Abbattista A, Noonan K, Chakrabarti J, Czibere A, Symmans WF, Telli ML. Neoadjuvant talazoparib in patients with germline BRCA1/2 (gBRCA1/2) mutation-positive, early HER2-negative breast cancer (BC): Results of a phase 2 study. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
505 Background: Talazoparib (TALA) is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor approved as monotherapy for treating adult patients (pts) with g BRCA1/2-mutated HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic BC. Methods: This phase 2, non-randomized, single-arm, open-label study (NCT03499353) evaluated the efficacy and safety of TALA in the neoadjuvant setting for pts with early g BRCA1/2-mutated HER2− BC. Primary endpoint was evaluation of pathologic complete response (pCR) as assessed by Independent Central Review (ICR) after completing 24 weeks of neoadjuvant TALA monotherapy 1 mg QD (0.75 mg for moderate renal impairment) followed by surgery. Secondary endpoints included pCR by investigator (INV) and residual cancer burden (RCB) by ICR (RCB: 0 [pCR], I [minimal], II [moderate], III [extensive]). The evaluable population included pts who received at least 80% of the TALA dose prescribed at treatment start and underwent breast surgery and pCR assessment, plus those who progressed before pCR could be assessed. The intent-to-treat (ITT) population included all pts who received at least 1 dose of TALA. Results: Of 61 pts treated with TALA (ITT and safety populations), 48 comprised the evaluable population. All pts had triple-negative BC. 60 pts had adenocarcinoma and 1 had squamous cell histology, with the following staging: I=20, II=27, III=14. Mean age was 44.6 years, mean duration of 4.5 wks since disease onset, mean duration of treatment of 23.3 wks, and mean overall relative dose intensity of 84.5% (ITT population). pCR (assessed by ICR and INV) and RCB (by ICR) for the evaluable and ITT populations are shown in the table below. Ten (16.4%) patients discontinued treatment due to progressive disease. One pt had a disruption of treatment as a result of COVID-19 restrictions, 2 pts for other reasons: to undergo surgery early and consent withdrawal; 9 patients received <80% dose. Treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) were reported in 98.4% of pts (27.9% grade [G] 1, 23.0% G2, 45.9% G3, 1.6% G4); the most common were fatigue (78.7%; G1 54.1%; G2 21.3%; G3 3.3%), nausea (68.9%; G1 54.1%; G2 13.1%; G3 1.6%), and alopecia (57.4%; G1 54.1%; G2 3.3%). Three (4.9%) pts discontinued treatment due to AEs (G3 anemia [n=2] and G3 vertigo [n=1]) and continued on study. Conclusions: TALA monotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting was active and showed pCR rates comparable to those observed with combination anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy regimens and was generally well tolerated. Clinical trial information: NCT03499353. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jay Andersen
- Compass Oncology, West Cancer Center, Tigard, OR
| | - Joanne Lorraine Blum
- Texas Oncology–Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, US Oncology Network, Dallas, TX
| | | | - Raymond Brig
- Brig Center for Cancer Care and Survivorship, Knoxville, TN
| | | | - Yuan Yuan
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA
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Durairaj C, Chakrabarti J, Ferrario C, Hirte HW, Babu S, Piha-Paul SA, Plotka A, Hoffman J, Shi H, Wang DD. The Effect of Renal Impairment on the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Talazoparib in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors. Clin Pharmacokinet 2021; 60:921-930. [PMID: 33686631 PMCID: PMC8249284 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-020-00983-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies suggest that talazoparib is primarily eliminated unchanged via renal excretion. The current study investigated how varying degrees of renal impairment may affect the PK of talazoparib, and evaluated the safety and tolerability of talazoparib, in patients with advanced solid tumors with/without renal impairment. Methods Patients with advanced solid tumors and normal renal function or different degrees of renal impairment measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR: mild = 60–89, moderate = 30–59, severe = 15–29 mL/min/1.73 m2) were enrolled in this open-label, non-randomized, phase I study. Talazoparib was administered orally at 0.5 mg/day for 22 days. Primary PK parameters included the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC0–24) and maximum observed plasma concentration (Cmax) at steady state (Day 22). Safety and tolerability were also investigated. Results Thirty-four patients were enrolled. At Day 22, compared with patients with normal renal function (n = 9), patients with mild (n = 9), moderate (n = 8), or severe (n = 8) renal impairment had a 12.2%, 43.0%, and 163.3% increase in talazoparib AUC0–24, and a 11.1%, 31.6%, and 89.3% increase in talazoparib Cmax, respectively. Talazoparib was generally well tolerated, and overall there were no notable differences in the treatment-emergent adverse event profile across renal function groups. Conclusions Exposure to talazoparib increased with worsening renal impairment. Overall, this study confirms current dosing recommendations in patients with mild and moderate renal impairment (1 mg/day and 0.75 mg/day, respectively) and indicates that a lower starting dose of 0.5 mg/day should be considered for patients with severe renal impairment. Clinical Trials Registration NCT02997163. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40262-020-00983-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrasekar Durairaj
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pfizer Inc., 10555 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sunil Babu
- Fort Wayne Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
| | - Sarina A Piha-Paul
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Justin Hoffman
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pfizer Inc., 10555 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | | | - Diane D Wang
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pfizer Inc., 10555 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
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Abstract
Here we study the characteristic length scales in an aqueous suspension of a symmetric oppositely charged colloid subjected to a uniform electric field by Brownian dynamics simulations. We consider the in-plane structure in the presence of a sufficiently strong electric field where the like charges in the system form macroscopic lanes. We construct spatial correlation functions characterizing the structural order and that of particles of different mobilities in the plane transverse to the electric field at a given time. We call these functions equal time density correlation functions (ETDCFs). The ETDCFs between particles of different charges, irrespective of mobilities, are the structural ETDCFs, while those between particles of different mobilities are the dynamic ETDCFs. We extract the characteristic length of correlation by fitting the envelopes of the ETDCFs to exponential dependences. We find that the correlation length scales of the structural ETDCFs and the dynamic ETDCFs of the slow particles increase with time in a concurrent manner. This suggests that the clustering of particles tends to build up dynamically correlated slow particles in the plane transverse to the lanes. The ETDCFs can be measured for colloidal systems by directly following the particle motion by video-microscopy and may be useful to understand the patterns out of equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Dutta
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Blcok-JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 106, India.
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16
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Tendong E, Dasgupta TS, Chakrabarti J. Dynamics of water trapped in transition metal oxide-graphene nano-confinement. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:325101. [PMID: 32191936 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab814f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by practical implementation of transition-metal oxide-graphene heterostructures, we use all atom molecular dynamics simulations to study dynamics of water in a nano slit bounded by a transition metal oxide surface, namely, TiO2termination of SrTiO3, and graphene. The resultant asymmetric, strong confinement produces square ice-like crystallites of water pinned at TiO2surface and drives enhanced hydrophobicity of graphene via the proximity effect to the hydrophilic TiO2surface. This importantly brings in dynamic heterogeneity, both in translational and rotational degrees of freedom, due to coupling between the slow relaxing, strongly adsorbed water layer at the hydrophilic oxide surface, and faster relaxation of subsequent water layers. The heterogeneity is signalled in the ruggedness of the effective free energy landscapes. We discuss possible implications of our findings in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tendong
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Sciences & Department of Chemical Biological and Macromoleculer Sciences, S N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata - 700106, India
| | - T Saha Dasgupta
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Sciences & Department of Chemical Biological and Macromoleculer Sciences, S N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata - 700106, India
| | - J Chakrabarti
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Sciences,Thematic Unit of Excellence for Material Science & Technology Research Centre, S N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata - 700106, India
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17
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Pal S, Chakrabarti J. Heterogeneity of dynamics in a modulated colloidal liquid. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:124001. [PMID: 31766036 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab5b29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We study the dynamics of a system of two dimensional colloidal particles subjected to a spatially periodic external potential using Brownian dynamics simulations. We characterize the dynamics in the system by the mean square displacements and the self-van Hove function. The static density plots suggest that system gets into modulated liquid phase in presence of the external potential. We find that diffusion coefficients, obtained from long time mean sqaure displacements, decay exponentially with increasing potential strength. The self-van Hove functions computed from the distribution of particle displacemets in a given time interval show non-gaussian behaviour in directions both parallel and transverse to the external modulation. This suggests heterogeneous dynamics and is supported by particle mobilities and residence times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suravi Pal
- Technical Research Centre, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
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18
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Dutta S, Ghosh M, Karmakar R, Chakrabarti J. Dynamic signature of ligand binding over a protein surface. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:062411. [PMID: 31962438 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.062411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We study the motion of Zn^{2+} in the presence of ubiquitin by all-atom molecular-dynamics simulations. We observe that unlike normal diffusive liquid, metal ions show an exponential tail in the self-van Hove function (self-vHf). Moreover, the metal ions are trapped strongly by acidic residues which form a binding pocket over the protein surface. The exponential tail disappears by mutation of trapping residues, suggesting that the tail appears due to trapped motion of the ions. The mean-squared displacements, however, in all the cases show linear dependence on time. Our model establishes that ligand binding generically results in an exponential tail of self-vHf. The self-vHf may give an approach to find binding pockets over a protein surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutapa Dutta
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Mahua Ghosh
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Rahul Karmakar
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - J Chakrabarti
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
- Thematic Unit of Excellence on Computational Materials Science, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
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Hurvitz SA, Gonçalves A, Rugo HS, Lee K, Fehrenbacher L, Mina LA, Diab S, Blum JL, Chakrabarti J, Elmeliegy M, DeAnnuntis L, Gauthier E, Czibere A, Tudor IC, Quek RG, Litton JK, Ettl J. Talazoparib in Patients with a Germline BRCA-Mutated Advanced Breast Cancer: Detailed Safety Analyses from the Phase III EMBRACA Trial. Oncologist 2019; 25:e439-e450. [PMID: 32162822 PMCID: PMC7066700 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the EMBRACA phase III study (NCT01945775), talazoparib was associated with a significantly prolonged progression‐free survival (PFS) compared with physician's choice of chemotherapy (PCT) in germline BRCA1/2‐mutated HER2‐negative advanced breast cancer (ABC). Herein, the safety profile of talazoparib is explored in detail. Materials and Methods Overall, 412 patients received ≥1 dose of talazoparib (n = 286) or PCT (n = 126). Adverse events (AEs) were evaluated, including timing, duration, and potential overlap of selected AEs. The relationship between talazoparib plasma exposure and grade ≥3 anemia was analyzed. Time‐varying Cox proportional hazard models assessed the impact of dose reductions on PFS. Patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) in patients with common AEs and health resource utilization (HRU) were assessed in both treatment arms. Results The most common AEs with talazoparib were hematologic (195 [68.2%] patients) and typically occurred within the first 3–4 months of receiving talazoparib. Grade 3‐4 anemia lasted approximately 7 days for both arms. Overlapping grade 3‐4 hematologic AEs were infrequent with talazoparib. Higher talazoparib exposure was associated with grade ≥3 anemia. Permanent discontinuation of talazoparib due to hematologic AEs was low (<2%). A total of 150 (52.4%) patients receiving talazoparib had AEs associated with dose reduction. Hematologic toxicities were managed by supportive care medication (including transfusion) and dose modifications. Among patients with anemia or nausea and/or vomiting AEs, PROs favored talazoparib. After accounting for the treatment‐emergent period, talazoparib was generally associated with a lower rate of hospitalization and supportive care medication use compared with chemotherapy. Conclusion Talazoparib was associated with superior efficacy, favorable PROs, and lower HRU rate versus chemotherapy in gBRCA‐mutated ABC. Toxicities were manageable with talazoparib dose modification and supportive care. Implications for Practice Talazoparib was generally well tolerated in patients with germline BRCA‐mutated HER2‐negative advanced breast cancer in the EMBRACA trial. Common toxicities with talazoparib were primarily hematologic and infrequently resulted in permanent drug discontinuation (<2% of patients discontinued talazoparib due to hematologic toxicity). Hematologic toxicities typically occurred during the first 3–4 months of treatment and were managed by dose modifications and supportive care measures. A significant efficacy benefit, improved patient‐reported outcomes, lower rate of health resource utilization and a tolerable safety profile support incorporating talazoparib into routine management of germline BRCA‐mutated locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer. Talazoparib is a viable option for patients with germline BRCA‐mutated advanced breast cancer. This article presents detailed safety analyses for talazoparib, as a follow‐up to reported results from the EMBRACA trial, to highlight patterns of toxicity compared with chemotherapy and to outline guidelines for management of talazoparib toxicity in clinical practice via dose modifications and/or standard supportive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A. Hurvitz
- University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Hope S. Rugo
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer CenterSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | | | - Sami Diab
- Rocky Mountain Cancer CentersLittletonColoradoUSA
| | - Joanne L. Blum
- Baylor Sammons Cancer Center, Texas Oncology, U.S. OncologyDallasTexasUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Johannes Ettl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMunichGermany
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20
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Sikdar S, Ghosh M, Adak A, Chakrabarti J. Structural and dynamic responses of calcium ion binding loop residues in metallo-proteins. Biophys Chem 2019; 252:106207. [PMID: 31252378 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2019.106207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Conformational changes in bio-molecular systems are fundamental to several biological processes. It is important to study changes in responses of underlying microscopic variables, like dihedral angles as conformational change takes place. We perform all-atom simulations and modelling via Langevin equation to illustrate the changes in structural and dynamic responses of dihedral angles of calcium ion binding residues of different proteins in metal ion free (apo) and bound (holo) states. The equilibrium distributions of dihedral angles in apo- and holo-states represent structural response. Our studies show the presence of dihedrals with multiple peaks (isomeric states) separated by barrier heights is more frequent in apo- than in holo-state. The relaxation time-scale of dihedral fluctuations is found to increase linearly with decreasing barrier height due to more frequent barrier re-crossing events. The slow kinetic response of the dihedrals also contributes to slowing down of macro-scale fluctuations, which may be useful to understand kinetics of various bio-molecular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samapan Sikdar
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India.
| | - Mahua Ghosh
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Arunava Adak
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - J Chakrabarti
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India; The Thematic Unit of Excellence on Computational Materials Science, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India.
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Abstract
Flagellin is a protein, responsible for virulent activities of bacteria. The host cell surface receptor protein TLR5 is known to interact with flagellin in order to activate immune response. However, the underlying microscopic details of this immune response are still elusive. In this study, we report on conformational stability of flagellin of two different organisms known as fliC and flaD in bilayer with reference to water. We find that both the flagellin is conformationally more stable in bilayer than in water. We also observe that fliC-TLR5 and flaD-TLR5 complexes are conformationally stable when the extracellular domain of the protein binds to conserved D1 domain of both fliC and flaD, although the binding interface between fliC-TLR5 and flaD-TLR5 is not identical. Our studies suggest that this might lead to differences in coreceptor bindings involved in immune response and thus have potential application in pharmaceutical developments. AbbreviationsA2Aadenosine receptorDPPCdipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholineecdextracellular domainecl2extracellular loop 2eLRRextracellular Leucine rich repeat domainflaDflagellin of Vibrio choleraefliCflagellin of Salmonella typhimuriumHPVhyper-variableMDmolecular dynamicsRMSDroot means squared deviationTIRtoll-interleukin receptorTLR5toll like receptor 5VPAC1vasoactive intestinal peptide receptorCommunicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutapa Dutta
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Mahua Ghosh
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - J Chakrabarti
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India.,Unit of Nanoscience and Technology-II and The Thematic Unit of Excellence on Computational Materials Science, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India
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Litton J, Symmans F, Gogineni K, Saltzman M, Telli M, Usha L, Chakrabarti J, Tudor I, Quek R, Czibere A. NEOTALA: an open-label, single-arm, multi-center, phase 2 study of talazoparib for neoadjuvant treatment of germline BRCA1/2 mutation patients with early-stage triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Breast 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(19)30271-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Litton J, Symmans F, Gogineni K, Saltzman M, Telli ML, Usha L, Chakrabarti J, Tudor IC, Quek RG, Czibere A. Abstract OT3-03-02: A phase 2, open-label, single-arm, multi-center study of talazoparib for neoadjuvant treatment of germline BRCA1/2 mutation patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-ot3-03-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Approximately 15% of all breast cancers are triple negative and deleterious BRCA1/2 mutations are found in ˜11% of unselected TNBC. In the phase 3 EMBRACA trial (NCT01945775), the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor talazoparib was superior to chemotherapy in prolonging progression-free survival in BRCA1/2 mutation patients with advanced breast cancer. A recent pilot study (NCT02282345) of 20 patients, explored the feasibility of neoadjuvant talazoparib in BRCA1/2 mutation patients; pathologic complete response (pCR) was reported at 53% with 6 months of single agent talazoparib.
Trial Design: This phase 2, single-arm, open-label, multi-center study has a Simon 2-stage design. Eligible pts have stage I-III invasive TNBC (ER and PR <10%), with germline BRCA1/2 mutations who are suitable for neoadjuvant therapy. Pts will receive talazoparib 1 mg daily for 24 weeks, followed by breast surgery, which should occur within 4 to 6 weeks of the last dose. Ultrasound will be performed serially to assess tumor response. The primary objective is to evaluate pCR after 24 weeks of neoadjuvant talazoparib. pCR (ypT0/is ypN0) will be assessed by independent central review. Safety will also be assessed. Pts will be followed for at least 5 years to assess long term outcomes (event-free and overall survival). After surgery, any further adjuvant therapy will be given at the discretion of the treating physician. Pt reported outcomes will be assessed electronically including the global health status/quality of life, functions, and symptoms using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires C30 and BR23. Plasma pharmacokinetic (PK) samples for determination of talazoparib concentrations will be collected at defined timepoints to describe the steady-state PK of talazoparib. Exploratory biomarker research will also take place. Approximately 122 men and women will be enrolled in the study, of which 112 evaluable pts are planned. With 112 evaluable pts and one interim futility look, the null hypothesis that the true pCR rate is 35% will be tested against a 1-sided alternative. This design yields a 1-sided type 1 error rate of 2.5% and power of 90% when the true pCR rate is 50%. An interim analysis will be performed to evaluate the efficacy of talazoparib after 28 evaluable pts undergo talazoparib treatment for 24 weeks, followed by surgery, and are assessed for pCR by central review. This trial is currently recruiting and is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03499353).
Funding: This study is sponsored by Pfizer, Inc.
Citation Format: Litton J, Symmans F, Gogineni K, Saltzman M, Telli ML, Usha L, Chakrabarti J, Tudor IC, Quek RG, Czibere A. A phase 2, open-label, single-arm, multi-center study of talazoparib for neoadjuvant treatment of germline BRCA1/2 mutation patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT3-03-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Litton
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Emory University – Winship Cancer Institute (WCI), Atlanta, GA; Innovative Medical Research of South Florida, Aventura, FL; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Pfizer Ltd, Surrey, United Kingdom; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, MA
| | - F Symmans
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Emory University – Winship Cancer Institute (WCI), Atlanta, GA; Innovative Medical Research of South Florida, Aventura, FL; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Pfizer Ltd, Surrey, United Kingdom; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, MA
| | - K Gogineni
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Emory University – Winship Cancer Institute (WCI), Atlanta, GA; Innovative Medical Research of South Florida, Aventura, FL; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Pfizer Ltd, Surrey, United Kingdom; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, MA
| | - M Saltzman
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Emory University – Winship Cancer Institute (WCI), Atlanta, GA; Innovative Medical Research of South Florida, Aventura, FL; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Pfizer Ltd, Surrey, United Kingdom; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, MA
| | - ML Telli
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Emory University – Winship Cancer Institute (WCI), Atlanta, GA; Innovative Medical Research of South Florida, Aventura, FL; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Pfizer Ltd, Surrey, United Kingdom; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, MA
| | - L Usha
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Emory University – Winship Cancer Institute (WCI), Atlanta, GA; Innovative Medical Research of South Florida, Aventura, FL; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Pfizer Ltd, Surrey, United Kingdom; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, MA
| | - J Chakrabarti
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Emory University – Winship Cancer Institute (WCI), Atlanta, GA; Innovative Medical Research of South Florida, Aventura, FL; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Pfizer Ltd, Surrey, United Kingdom; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, MA
| | - IC Tudor
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Emory University – Winship Cancer Institute (WCI), Atlanta, GA; Innovative Medical Research of South Florida, Aventura, FL; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Pfizer Ltd, Surrey, United Kingdom; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, MA
| | - RG Quek
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Emory University – Winship Cancer Institute (WCI), Atlanta, GA; Innovative Medical Research of South Florida, Aventura, FL; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Pfizer Ltd, Surrey, United Kingdom; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, MA
| | - A Czibere
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Emory University – Winship Cancer Institute (WCI), Atlanta, GA; Innovative Medical Research of South Florida, Aventura, FL; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Pfizer Ltd, Surrey, United Kingdom; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, MA
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Hoffman J, Chakrabarti J, Wainberg ZA, Plotka A, Babu S, Milillo Naraine A, Kanamori D, Moroose R, Nguyen L, Wang D. Abstract P3-14-07: Evaluation of the effects of talazoparib on QT interval prolongation. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p3-14-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Talazoparib (TAL), an oral poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor, is under investigation in multiple oncologic clinical trials and has been submitted to the US FDA for use in patients (pts) with germline BRCA-mutated, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer.
International Conference on Harmonisation guidance recommends all new drugs be evaluated for effects on cardiac repolarization in a well-controlled clinical study. For drugs for which such evaluation cannot be conducted in healthy volunteers (eg, most anticancer agents), collection of robust corrected QT (QTc) interval data from a dedicated QTc study (hybrid thorough QT/QTc study) in pts is required in the registration dossier. The effect of steady-state (ss) TAL (1 mg once daily) on cardiac repolarization in pts with advanced solid tumors was evaluated in an open-label phase 1 study (NCT03042910).
Methods: Continuous 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings were collected at baseline (Day -1); time-matched pharmacokinetic (PK) samples and continuous ECG recordings were obtained on Days 1, 2, and 22 (when TAL concentrations achieved ss). On Day -1, pts had continuous 12-lead ECG recording starting at Time 0 (Day 1 dosing time) for 6 hrs. On Days 1 and 22, ECG recording started 45 min before TAL administration and continued for 6 hrs post dose and blood samples for PK were collected before dose and at 1, 2, 4, and 6 hrs post dose. On Day 2, a 30-min ECG recording and a PK sample were obtained before dose at Time 0.
Continuous ECG recordings were submitted to a central laboratory; triplicate 10-sec ECGs were extracted from a 5-min extraction window beginning 15 min before each PK collection time. ECG measurements were reported via blinded manual adjudication process and included PR interval, QT interval, RR interval, and QRS complex. The QT interval was corrected for effect of heart rate using Fridericia's correction (QTcF) and Bazett's correction (QTcB).
The estimate of change from time-matched baseline and its 2-sided 90% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for each nominal time point using PROC MEANS. Additionally, a prespecified PK/pharmacodynamic (PD) model was used to describe the relationship between plasma TAL concentrations ([TAL]) and QTc. The prespecified linear mixed-effects model included [TAL], time (categorical), and treatment with random pt effects on [TAL] and the intercept. If the upper bounds (UB) of 1-sided 95% CIs of time-matched ΔQTc for all ECG time points were <20 msec and the UB of 1-sided 95% CIs of the predicted ΔQTc at the mean ss maximum [TAL] was <20 msec, the effect of TAL on QTc was not of clinical relevance.
Results: 37 of 38 pts enrolled received TAL and were included in the ECG and PK/PD analyses. No pts had a postbaseline absolute maximum QTcF or QTcB ≥500 msec or ΔQTc ≥60 msec. The UB of the 1-sided 95% CI for the time-matched ΔQTcF and ΔQTcB were <12 msec at all nominal ECG time points. In the PK/PD analysis, the slopes (95% CI) of QTcF-[TAL] and QTcB-[TAL] relationships were -0.14 (-0.78 to 0.50) msec/ng/mL and -0.24 (-0.88 to 0.41) msec/ng/mL, respectively, indicating that TAL did not have a concentration-dependent effect on QTcF or QTcB.
Conclusion: TAL does not have a clinically relevant effect on QTc.
Funding: Medivation LLC, acquired by Pfizer.
Citation Format: Hoffman J, Chakrabarti J, Wainberg ZA, Plotka A, Babu S, Milillo Naraine A, Kanamori D, Moroose R, Nguyen L, Wang D. Evaluation of the effects of talazoparib on QT interval prolongation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-14-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hoffman
- Pfizer, Inc., La Jolla, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Tadworth, United Kingdom; University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Collegeville, PA; Fort Wayne Medical Oncology and Hematology, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN; Memorial Cancer Institute at Memorial Regional Hospital, Hollywood, FL; Comprehensive Blood and Cancer Center, Bakersfield, CA; Orlando Health, Inc., Orlando, FL; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA
| | - J Chakrabarti
- Pfizer, Inc., La Jolla, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Tadworth, United Kingdom; University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Collegeville, PA; Fort Wayne Medical Oncology and Hematology, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN; Memorial Cancer Institute at Memorial Regional Hospital, Hollywood, FL; Comprehensive Blood and Cancer Center, Bakersfield, CA; Orlando Health, Inc., Orlando, FL; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA
| | - ZA Wainberg
- Pfizer, Inc., La Jolla, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Tadworth, United Kingdom; University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Collegeville, PA; Fort Wayne Medical Oncology and Hematology, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN; Memorial Cancer Institute at Memorial Regional Hospital, Hollywood, FL; Comprehensive Blood and Cancer Center, Bakersfield, CA; Orlando Health, Inc., Orlando, FL; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA
| | - A Plotka
- Pfizer, Inc., La Jolla, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Tadworth, United Kingdom; University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Collegeville, PA; Fort Wayne Medical Oncology and Hematology, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN; Memorial Cancer Institute at Memorial Regional Hospital, Hollywood, FL; Comprehensive Blood and Cancer Center, Bakersfield, CA; Orlando Health, Inc., Orlando, FL; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA
| | - S Babu
- Pfizer, Inc., La Jolla, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Tadworth, United Kingdom; University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Collegeville, PA; Fort Wayne Medical Oncology and Hematology, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN; Memorial Cancer Institute at Memorial Regional Hospital, Hollywood, FL; Comprehensive Blood and Cancer Center, Bakersfield, CA; Orlando Health, Inc., Orlando, FL; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA
| | - A Milillo Naraine
- Pfizer, Inc., La Jolla, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Tadworth, United Kingdom; University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Collegeville, PA; Fort Wayne Medical Oncology and Hematology, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN; Memorial Cancer Institute at Memorial Regional Hospital, Hollywood, FL; Comprehensive Blood and Cancer Center, Bakersfield, CA; Orlando Health, Inc., Orlando, FL; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA
| | - D Kanamori
- Pfizer, Inc., La Jolla, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Tadworth, United Kingdom; University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Collegeville, PA; Fort Wayne Medical Oncology and Hematology, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN; Memorial Cancer Institute at Memorial Regional Hospital, Hollywood, FL; Comprehensive Blood and Cancer Center, Bakersfield, CA; Orlando Health, Inc., Orlando, FL; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA
| | - R Moroose
- Pfizer, Inc., La Jolla, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Tadworth, United Kingdom; University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Collegeville, PA; Fort Wayne Medical Oncology and Hematology, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN; Memorial Cancer Institute at Memorial Regional Hospital, Hollywood, FL; Comprehensive Blood and Cancer Center, Bakersfield, CA; Orlando Health, Inc., Orlando, FL; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA
| | - L Nguyen
- Pfizer, Inc., La Jolla, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Tadworth, United Kingdom; University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Collegeville, PA; Fort Wayne Medical Oncology and Hematology, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN; Memorial Cancer Institute at Memorial Regional Hospital, Hollywood, FL; Comprehensive Blood and Cancer Center, Bakersfield, CA; Orlando Health, Inc., Orlando, FL; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA
| | - D Wang
- Pfizer, Inc., La Jolla, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Tadworth, United Kingdom; University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA; Pfizer, Inc., Collegeville, PA; Fort Wayne Medical Oncology and Hematology, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN; Memorial Cancer Institute at Memorial Regional Hospital, Hollywood, FL; Comprehensive Blood and Cancer Center, Bakersfield, CA; Orlando Health, Inc., Orlando, FL; Pfizer, Inc., San Francisco, CA
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25
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Abstract
In a model system of oppositely charged colloids we study via Brownian dynamics simulation the dynamical response as the system approaches steady states upon application of a constant electric field. The system is known to form patterns of like charges in the transverse plane to the field that are elongated along the field as lanes. We show that an increase in structural heterogeneity leads to non-Gaussian tails in the probability distribution of particle displacements [self van Hove functions (self-vHfs)]. The self-diffusion coefficient depends upon the time of the observations and consequently indicates aging in the system. However, the anomalies in the self-vHfs and diffusion do not appear during the melting of the structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Dutta
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block-JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India.
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El-Khoueiry AB, Sarantopoulos J, O'Bryant CL, Ciombor KK, Xu H, O'Gorman M, Chakrabarti J, Usari T, El-Rayes BF. Evaluation of hepatic impairment on pharmacokinetics and safety of crizotinib in patients with advanced cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 81:659-670. [PMID: 29468455 PMCID: PMC7539325 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-018-3517-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This phase 1 study evaluated the effect of hepatic impairment on pharmacokinetics and safety of crizotinib in patients with advanced cancer. METHODS Patients were dosed according to hepatic function classified by modified National Cancer Institute Organ Dysfunction Working Group criteria and group assignment [normal (A1 and A2), mild (B), moderate (C1 and C2), or severe (D)]. Primary pharmacokinetic endpoints included area under the concentration-time curve as daily exposure (AUCdaily) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) at steady state. Safety endpoints included types, incidence, seriousness, and relationship to crizotinib of adverse events. RESULTS The AUCdaily and Cmax in patients with normal liver function were 7107 ng h/mL and 375.1 ng/mL (A1) and 5422 ng h/mL and 283.9 ng/mL (A2), respectively. The AUCdaily and Cmax ratios of adjusted geometric means for Groups B, C2, and D versus Group A1 were 91.12 and 91.20, 114.08 and 108.87, and 64.47 and 72.63, respectively. Any grade treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 75% of patients; grade 3/4 TRAEs occurred in 25%, including fatigue (6%), hyponatremia (5%), and hyperbilirubinemia (3%). CONCLUSIONS No adjustment to the approved 250 mg twice daily (BID) dose of crizotinib is recommended for patients with mild hepatic impairment. The recommended dose is 200 mg BID for patients with moderate hepatic impairment, and the dose should not exceed 250 mg daily for patients with severe hepatic impairment. Adverse events appeared consistent among the hepatic impairment groups. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NO NCT01576406.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony B El-Khoueiry
- Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - John Sarantopoulos
- Institute for Drug Development, Cancer Therapy and Research Center at the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Cindy L O'Bryant
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristen K Ciombor
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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27
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Abstract
We study the temperature dependence of static and dynamic responses of Coulomb interacting particles in two-dimensional confinements across the crossover from solid- to liquid-like behaviors. While static correlations that investigate the translational and bond orientational order in the confinements show the footprints of hexatic-like phase at low temperatures, dynamics of the particles slow down considerably in this phase, reminiscent of a supercooled liquid. Using density correlations, we probe long-lived heterogeneities arising from the interplay of the irregularity in the confinement and long-range Coulomb interactions. The relaxation at multiple time scales show stretched-exponential decay of spatial correlations in irregular traps. Temperature dependence of characteristic time scales, depicting the structural relaxation of the system, show striking similarities with those observed for the glassy systems, indicating that some of the key signatures of supercooled liquids emerge in confinements with lower spatial symmetries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswarup Ash
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - J Chakrabarti
- S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700098, India
| | - Amit Ghosal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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28
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Abstract
Here, we study microscopic mechanism of complex formation between Ca2+-bound calmodulin (holoCaM) and Orai1 that regulates Ca2+-dependent inactivation process in eukaryotic cells. We compute conformational thermodynamic changes in holoCaM with respect to complex of Orai1 bound to C-terminal domain of holoCaM using histograms of dihedral angles of the proteins over trajectories from molecular dynamics simulations. Our analysis shows that the N-terminal domain residues L4, T5, Q41, N42, T44 and E67 of holoCaM get destabilized and disordered due to Orai1 binding to C-terminal domain of calmodulin affect the N-terminal domain residues. Among these residues, polar T44, having maximum destabilization and disorder via backbone fluctuations, shows the largest change in solvent exposure. This suggests that N-terminal domain is allosterically regulated via T44 by the binding of Orai1 to the C-terminal domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Maganti
- a Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences , S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences , Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106 , India
| | - Sutapa Dutta
- a Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences , S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences , Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106 , India
| | - Mahua Ghosh
- a Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences , S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences , Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106 , India
| | - J Chakrabarti
- a Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences , S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences , Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106 , India.,b Unit of Nanoscience and Technology-II and The Thematic Unit of Excellence on Computational Materials Science , S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences , Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106 , India
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29
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Abstract
Molecular understanding of bio-macromolecular binding is a challenging task due to large sizes of the molecules and presence of variety of interactions. Here, we study the molecular mechanism of calmodulin (CaM) binding to Orai1 that regulates Ca2+-dependent inactivation process in eukaryotic cells. Although experimental observations indicate that Orai1 binds to the C-terminal of Ca2+-loaded CaM, it is not decisive if N-domain of CaM interacts with Orai1. We address the issue of interaction of different domains of CaM with Orai1 using conformational thermodynamic changes, computed from histograms of dihedral angles over simulated trajectories of CaM, CaM-binding domain of Orai1 and complexes of CaM with Orai1. The changes for all residues of both C and N terminal domains of CaM upon Orai1 binding are compared. Our analysis shows that Orai1binds to both C-terminal and N-terminal domains of CaM, indicating 1:2 stoichiometry. The Orai1 binding to N-terminal domain of CaM is less stable than that to the C-terminal domain. The binding residues are primarily hydrophobic. These observations are in qualitative agreement to the experiments. The conformational thermodynamic changes thus provide a useful computational tool to provide atomic details of interactions in bio-macromolecular binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Maganti
- a Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences , S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences , Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106 , India
| | - Mahua Ghosh
- a Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences , S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences , Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106 , India
| | - J Chakrabarti
- a Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences , S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences , Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106 , India.,b Unit of Nanoscience and Technology-II and The Thematic Unit of Excellence on Computational Materials Science , S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences , Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106 , India
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El-Khoueiry AB, Sarantopoulos J, O'Bryant CL, Ciombor KK, Xu H, O'Gorman MT, Chakrabarti J, Usari T, El-Rayes BF. Safety and pharmacokinetics of crizotinib in patients (pts) with hepatic impairment (HI) and advanced cancer. J Clin Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.2552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
2552 Background: Crizotinib is a kinase inhibitor approved for treating ALK+ and ROS1+ advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Since crizotinib undergoes hepatic metabolism, this phase 1 study evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of crizotinib in pts with liver dysfunction. Methods: Crizotinib-naïve pts with different types of advanced cancer (ALK and ROS1 status unknown), ≥ 18 yr old, and ECOG PS 0–2 were enrolled. Pts were assigned to groups A1 – D based on liver function: normal (A1/A2) = both AST and TB ≤ the upper limit of normal (ULN); mild impairment (B) = AST > ULN and TB ≤ ULN, or TB > 1.0 – 1.5 × ULN; moderate (C1/C2) = TB > 1.5 – 3 × ULN; severe (D) = TB > 3 × ULN. Starting dose was based on HI. Pts in A1 and A2 were matched for weight, age, gender, race and ECOG PS to pts in B and C2, respectively. Study objectives included PK, safety and antitumor activity. Results: 88 pts were enrolled in A1 (n=11), A2 (n=15), B (n=20), C1 (n=10), C2 (n=16) and D (n=16). The geometric means of PK parameters at steady-state (Cycle 2 Day 1) are shown below. 75% of pts experienced treatment-related AEs (TRAEs), 9 (81.8%), 14 (93.3%), 15 (75.0%), 6 (60.0%), 11 (68.8%) and 11 (68.8%) in groups A1, A2, B, C1, C2 and D, respectively. 25% of pts experienced Grade 3/4 TRAEs, 3 (27.3%), 3 (20.0%), 3 (15.0%), 1 (10%), 7 (43.8%), 5 (31.3%) in groups A1, A2, B, C1, C2 and D, respectively. Three (3.4%) pts, all in A2, experienced treatment-related SAEs. Two pts (10%) in B and 1 (6.3%) in C2 required dose reductions for TRAEs. TRAEs associated with permanent discontinuation of treatment occurred in 1 pt in A1, A2, C2 and D. Overall, 3 pts had partial responses with durations of 96, 17 and 17 wks; 25 pts had stable disease. Conclusions: Systemic exposures of crizotinib in pts with mild HI receiving 250 BID and in pts with moderate HI receiving 200 mg BID are comparable with that of pts with normal hepatic function at 250 mg BID. All TRAEs were manageable across the various levels of hepatic function. Clinical trial information: NCT01576406. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Sarantopoulos
- Institute for Drug Development, Cancer Therapy and Research Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | | | - Kristen Keon Ciombor
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH
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Das A, Ghosh M, Chakrabarti J. Time dependent correlation between dihedral angles as probe for long range communication in proteins. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sikdar S, Chakrabarti J, Ghosh M. Conformational thermodynamics guided structural reconstruction of biomolecular fragments. Mol BioSyst 2016; 12:444-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00529a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conformational thermodynamics compares the modeling protocols to identify the conformation of the missing region leading to a suitable model for metal ion free (apo) skeletal muscle Troponin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samapan Sikdar
- Department of Chemical
- Biological and Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Salt Lake
- India
| | - J. Chakrabarti
- Department of Chemical
- Biological and Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Salt Lake
- India
| | - Mahua Ghosh
- Department of Chemical
- Biological and Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Salt Lake
- India
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Sikdar S, Ghosh M, De Raychaudhury M, Chakrabarti J. Quantum chemical studies on nucleophilic sites in calcium ion bound zwitterionic calmodulin loops. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra10846f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum chemical calculation on Ca2+ bound zwitterionic calmodulin-loops shows terminal capping contributions localized near HOMO and LUMO, which decay exponentially and presence of nucleophilic site at the phenyl-ring Oh of Y99.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samapan Sikdar
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Kolkata 700098
- India
| | - Mahua Ghosh
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Kolkata 700098
- India
| | | | - J. Chakrabarti
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Kolkata 700098
- India
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Sikdar S, Ghosh M, De Raychaudhury M, Chakrabarti J. Quantum Chemical Studies on Stability and Chemical Activities in Calcium Ion Bound Calmodulin Loops. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:14652-9. [PMID: 26515023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b09713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Quantum chemical (QC) calculations for macromolecules require truncation of the molecule, highlighting the portion of interest due to heavy computation cost. As a result, an estimation of the effects of truncation is important to interpret the energy spectrum of such calculations. We perform density functional theory based QC calculations on calcium ion bound EF-hand loops of Calmodulin isolated from the crystal structure in an implicit solvent. We find that the terminal contributions of neutral capping are negligible across the entire ground-state energy spectrum. The coordination energy range and the nature of hybridization of the coordination state molecular orbitals remain qualitatively similar across these loops. While the HOMO and LUMO of loops in the N-terminal domain are dominated by the acidic aspartates, and the polar/hydrophobic residues, respectively, these levels of the C-terminal domain loops show strong localized electron density on the phenyl rings of the tyrosines. The Fukui index calculation identifies the hydroxyl oxygen in the phenyl ring of Y99 as a potent nucleophile. Our analysis indicates a general way of interpreting the electronic energy spectra to understand stability and functions of large biomolecules where the truncation of the molecule and, hence, the terminal capping effects are inevitable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Molly De Raychaudhury
- Department of Physics, West Bengal State University , Barasat, Kolkata 700126, India
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Sikdar S, Chakrabarti J, Ghosh M. A microscopic insight from conformational thermodynamics to functional ligand binding in proteins. Mol Biosyst 2015; 10:3280-9. [PMID: 25310453 DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00434e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We show that the thermodynamics of metal ion-induced conformational changes aid to understand the functions of protein complexes. This is illustrated in the case of a metalloprotein, alpha-lactalbumin (aLA), a divalent metal ion binding protein. We use the histograms of dihedral angles of the protein, generated from all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, to calculate conformational thermodynamics. The thermodynamically destabilized and disordered residues in different conformational states of a protein are proposed to serve as binding sites for ligands. This is tested for β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β4GalT) binding to the Ca(2+)-aLA complex, in which the binding residues are known. Among the binding residues, the C-terminal residues like aspartate (D) 116, glutamine (Q) 117, tryptophan (W) 118 and leucine (L) 119 are destabilized and disordered and can dock β4GalT onto Ca(2+)-aLA. No such thermodynamically favourable binding residues can be identified in the case of the Mg(2+)-aLA complex. We apply similar analysis to oleic acid binding and predict that the Ca(2+)-aLA complex can bind to oleic acid through the basic histidine (H) 32 of the A2 helix and the hydrophobic residues, namely, isoleucine (I) 59, W60 and I95, of the interfacial cleft. However, the number of destabilized and disordered residues in Mg(2+)-aLA are few, and hence, the oleic acid binding to Mg(2+)-bound aLA is less stable than that to the Ca(2+)-aLA complex. Our analysis can be generalized to understand the functionality of other ligand bound proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samapan Sikdar
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Sector III, Block JD, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700098, India.
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Sikdar S, Ghosh M, De Raychaudhury M, Chakrabarti J. Quantum chemical studies on the role of residues in calcium ion binding to Calmodulin. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Das A, Chakrabarti J. Solvation in nanoscale solvophobic confinement near liquid–gas phase coexistence. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Chaudhuri CB, Chakrabarty S, Chakrabarti J. Cross-over between central and non-central conservative effective forces in a modulated colloidal fluid. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:204903. [PMID: 24289375 DOI: 10.1063/1.4832735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We study by Monte Carlo simulations the effective forces between two particles dispersed in a two-dimensional colloidal fluid, modulated in one direction by a spatially periodic external potential. When the modulation strength exceeds the strength of interaction between the dispersed and dispersing particles, the anisotropic effective forces, show cross-over between central and non-central nature, although the effective forces remain conservative. The non-central nature of the effective forces depends on the orientation of the separation vector between the dispersed particles with respect to the modulation direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chhanda Basu Chaudhuri
- Department of Physics, Lady Brabourne College, P-1∕2, Suhrawardy Avenue, Kolkata 700017, West Bengal, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Das
- Department
of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 098, India
| | - J. Chakrabarti
- Department
of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 098, India
- Unit
of Nanoscience and Technology-II, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 098, India
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone encoded by 'ob' gene, serves as a link relaying metabolic signals to the neuronal networks in the brain to modulate hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis. Circulating leptin correlates strongly with obesity, which is frequently associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), a major form of dysovulatory infertility in women, characterized by endocrine abnormalities such as hyperandrogenism and inappropriate LH secretion. PCOS is also often associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, features that are linked to leptin and its receptors. However, the relationship between leptin and gonadotropins, androgens, and insulin in PCOS is still controversial. AIM Present investigation attempts to evaluate the interrelationship between serum leptin level with body mass index, insulin and with circulating testosterone in PCOS women. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Women diagnosed with either tubal block/male factor infertility (Control; n = 18) and with PCOS (n = 16), enrolled for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET), were recruited for this study. All were reviewed for body mass index (BMI), endocrine milieu (including pituitary gonadotropins, TSH, prolactin, gonadal steroids, and insulin) and for circulating serum leptin. Interpretation of data was done using PRISM Statistical Software Package (PRISM Version 4.03@1992-2005; GraphPad Software Inc). RESULTS Positive correlation was observed between serum leptin, BMI, and insulin in both the groups. Mean BMI, LH, and LH: FSH ratios were found elevated in the PCOS population. PCOS women also had significantly elevated androgens and fasting levels of insulin. CONCLUSION Hyperleptinemia in PCOS women appears to be due to the positive correlation between serum leptin, BMI, and insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chakrabarti
- Department of Biotechnology, Presidency University (Erstwhile Presidency College), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Das A, Chakrabarti J, Ghosh M. Conformational contribution to thermodynamics of binding in protein-peptide complexes through microscopic simulation. Biophys J 2013; 104:1274-84. [PMID: 23528087 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We extract the thermodynamics of conformational changes in biomacromolecular complexes from the distributions of the dihedral angles of the macromolecules. These distributions are obtained from the equilibrium configurations generated via all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. The conformational thermodynamics data we obtained for calmodulin-peptide complexes using our methodology corroborate well with the experimentally observed conformational and binding entropies. The conformational free-energy changes and their contributions for different peptide-binding regions of calmodulin are evaluated microscopically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Das
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Salt Lake, Kolkata, India
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Das A, Biswas R, Chakrabarti J. Dipolar solute rotation in ionic liquids, electrolyte solutions and common polar solvents: Emergence of universality. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chakrabarti J, Abdoolatiff I, Tumula S, Emovon E. M459 AN ASSESSMENT OF EFFICIENCY OF OUTPATIENT HYSTEROSCOPY IN A DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAL IN UK. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(12)61649-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Das A, Chakrabarti J. Dimensional crossover in fluids under nanometer-scale confinement. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2012; 85:050601. [PMID: 23004694 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.050601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2011] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Several earlier studies have shown signatures of crossover in various static and dynamics properties of a confined fluid when the confining dimension decreases to about a nanometer. The density fluctuations govern the majority of such properties of a fluid. Here, we illustrate the crossover in density fluctuation in a confined fluid, to provide a generic understanding of confinement-induced crossover of fluid properties, using computer simulations. The crossover can be understood as a manifestation of changes in the long-wavelength behavior of fluctuation in density due to geometrical constraints. We further show that the confining potential significantly affects the crossover behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Das
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700 098, India.
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Das A, Biswas R, Chakrabarti J. Solute rotation in polar liquids: Microscopic basis for the Stokes-Einstein-Debye model. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:014505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3672508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Chakrabarti J, Chandra N, Raha P, Roy S. High-affinity quasi-specific sites in the genome: how the DNA-binding proteins cope with them. Biophys J 2011; 101:1123-9. [PMID: 21889449 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 06/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Many prokaryotic transcription factors home in on one or a few target sites in the presence of a huge number of nonspecific sites. Our analysis of λ-repressor in the Escherichia coli genome based on single basepair substitution experiments shows the presence of hundreds of sites having binding energy within 3 Kcal/mole of the O(R)1 binding energy, and thousands of sites with binding energy above the nonspecific binding energy. The effect of such sites on DNA-based processes has not been fully explored. The presence of such sites dramatically lowers the occupation probability of the specific site far more than if the genome were composed of nonspecific sites only. Our Brownian dynamics studies show that the presence of quasi-specific sites results in very significant kinetic effects as well. In contrast to λ-repressor, the E. coli genome has orders of magnitude lower quasi-specific sites for GalR, an integral transcription factor, thus causing little competition for the specific site. We propose that GalR and perhaps repressors of the same family have evolved binding modes that lead to much smaller numbers of quasi-specific sites to remove the untoward effects of genomic DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chakrabarti
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.
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Shibu ES, Cyriac J, Pradeep T, Chakrabarti J. Gold nanoparticle superlattices as functional solids for concomitant conductivity and SERS tuning. Nanoscale 2011; 3:1066-1072. [PMID: 21161103 DOI: 10.1039/c0nr00670j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Mercaptosuccinic acid protected gold nanoparticles (Au@MSA) self assemble to form superlattice (SL) crystals at the air-water interface. These have been used for gas adsorption. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of the SL film with embedded SL crystals, obtained by four probe measurements, show Ohmic conduction. The conductance observed was proportional to the polarizability of the adsorbed gases. The current through the SL decreases on adsorption of the gas along with decrease in the SERS intensity of a probe molecule from the crystals. We rationalise our observation of the linear dependence of the conductance on the polarizability of the adsorbed gas using a simple model calculation. Variation of the conductance may be useful in designing electrical switches operating at the nanometre length scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edakkattuparambil Sidharth Shibu
- DST Unit on Nanoscience (DST UNS), Department of Chemistry and Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600 036, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Das
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700 098, India
| | - Ranjit Biswas
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700 098, India
| | - J. Chakrabarti
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700 098, India
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