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Carneiro J, Sampaio I, Silva-Júnior JDSE, Martins-Junior A, Farias I, Hrbek T, Boubli J, Schneider H. Molecular Evidence Supports Five Lineages within Chiropotes (Pitheciidae, Platyrrhini). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1309. [PMID: 37510215 PMCID: PMC10379672 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pitheciines have unique dental specializations among New World monkeys that allow them to feed on fruits with hard pericarps, thus playing a major role as seed predators. The three extant pitheciine genera, Pithecia, Cacajao and Chiropotes, are all endemic to the Amazon region. Because of the uncertainties about interspecific relationships, we reviewed the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Chiropotes. The phylogenetic analyses were performed based on Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference, while species delimitation analyses were carried out using multispecies coalescent methods. In addition, we estimated genetic distances, divergence time and the probable ancestral distribution of this genus. Our results support five species of Chiropotes that emerged during the Plio-Pleistocene. Biogeographic estimates suggest that the ancestor of the current Chiropotes species occupied the endemism areas from Rondônia and Tapajós. Later, subsequent radiation and founder effects associated with the formation of the Amazonian basins probably determined the speciation events within Chiropotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeferson Carneiro
- Institute of Coastal Studies, University Campus of Bragança, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Institute of Coastal Studies, University Campus of Bragança, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Martins-Junior
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará, Campus Tucuruí, Tucuruí 68455-210, Pará, Brazil
| | - Izeni Farias
- Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Tomas Hrbek
- Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Jean Boubli
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK
| | - Horacio Schneider
- Institute of Coastal Studies, University Campus of Bragança, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
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Martins-Junior AM, Sampaio I, Silva A, Boubli J, Hrbek T, Farias I, Ruiz-García M, Schneider H. Out of the shadows: Multilocus systematics and biogeography of night monkeys suggest a Central Amazonian origin and a very recent widespread southeastward expansion in South America. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 170:107426. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Carneiro J, Sampaio I, Lima T, Silva-Júnior JDS, Farias I, Hrbek T, Valsecchi J, Boubli J, Schneider H. Phylogenetic relationships in the genus Cheracebus (Callicebinae, Pitheciidae). Am J Primatol 2020; 82:e23167. [PMID: 32652664 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cheracebus is a new genus of New World primate of the family Pitheciidae, subfamily Callicebinae. Until recently, Cheracebus was classified as the torquatus species group of the genus Callicebus. The genus Cheracebus has six species: C. lucifer, C. lugens, C. regulus, C. medemi, C. torquatus, and C. purinus, which are all endemic to the Amazon biome. Before the present study, there had been no conclusive interpretation of the phylogenetic relationships among most of the Cheracebus species. The present study tests the monophyly of the genus and investigates the relationships among the different Cheracebus species, based on DNA sequencing of 16 mitochondrial and nuclear markers. The phylogenetic analyses were based on Maximum Likelihood, Bayesian Inference, and multispecies coalescent approaches. The divergence times and genetic distances between the Cheracebus taxa were also estimated. The analyses confirmed the monophyly of the genus and a well-supported topology, with the following arrangement: ((C. torquatus, C. lugens), (C. lucifer (C. purinus, C. regulus))). A well-differentiated clade was also identified within part of the geographic range of C. lugens, which warrants further investigation to confirm its taxonomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeferson Carneiro
- Genomics and Systems Biology Center, Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, Brazil.,Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Para, Campus Universitario de Bragança, Bragança, Para, Brazil
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Genomics and Systems Biology Center, Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, Brazil.,Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Para, Campus Universitario de Bragança, Bragança, Para, Brazil
| | - Thaynara Lima
- Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Para, Campus Universitario de Bragança, Bragança, Para, Brazil
| | | | - Izeni Farias
- Laboratory of Evolution and Animal Genetics, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Tomas Hrbek
- Laboratory of Evolution and Animal Genetics, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - João Valsecchi
- Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Mamiraua Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Jean Boubli
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - Horacio Schneider
- Genomics and Systems Biology Center, Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, Brazil.,Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Para, Campus Universitario de Bragança, Bragança, Para, Brazil
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Carneiro J, Sampaio I, de Sousa E Silva-Júnior J, Farias I, Hrbek T, Pissinatti A, Silva R, Martins-Junior A, Boubli J, Ferrari SF, Schneider H. Phylogeny, molecular dating and zoogeographic history of the titi monkeys (Callicebus, Pitheciidae) of eastern Brazil. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 124:10-15. [PMID: 29505826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The titi monkeys belong to a genus of New World primates endemic to South America, which were recently reclassified in three genera (Cheracebus, Plecturocebus and Callicebus). The genus Callicebus, which currently includes five species, is endemic to eastern Brazil, occurring in the Caatinga, Savanna, and Atlantic Forest biomes. In the present study, we investigated the validity of these species and inferred their phylogenetic relationships, divergence times, and biogeographic patterns based on the molecular analysis of a concatenated sequence of 11 mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers, derived from 13 specimens. We ran Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) analyses, and estimated genetic distances, divergence times. Ancestral areas were estimated on BioGeoBears. Our results suggest that at about twelve million years ago, the ancestor of all titi monkeys inhabited a wide area that extended from the Amazon forest to the South of the Atlantic forest. A first vicariant event originated Cheracebus in the West of the Amazon and the ancestor of Callicebus and Plectorocebus which, later were separated by a second one. The diversification of Callicebus occurred during the Plio-Pleistocene (beginning at 5 Ma) probably influenced by climatic fluctuations and geological events. Therefore, the results of the present work confirmed the existence of five species that currently inhabit forested areas under increasing threat from human activities. Thus, a reliable diagnosis of the taxonomic status of species living in endangered environments is extremely important for the development of conservation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeferson Carneiro
- Institute of Coastal Studies, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Universitário de Bragança, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Institute of Coastal Studies, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Universitário de Bragança, Pará, Brazil.
| | | | - Izeni Farias
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
| | - Tomas Hrbek
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
| | | | - Ronylson Silva
- Institute of Coastal Studies, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Universitário de Bragança, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Antônio Martins-Junior
- Institute of Coastal Studies, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Universitário de Bragança, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Jean Boubli
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, England, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Horacio Schneider
- Institute of Coastal Studies, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Universitário de Bragança, Pará, Brazil.
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Carneiro J, De Sousa E Silva J, Sampaio I, Pissinatti A, Hrbek T, Rezende Messias M, Rohe F, Farias I, Boubli J, Schneider H. Phylogeny of the titi monkeys of theCallicebus molochgroup (Pitheciidae, Primates). Am J Primatol 2016; 78:904-13. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeferson Carneiro
- Campus Universitário de Bragança; Universidade Federal do Pará; Pará Brazil
| | | | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Campus Universitário de Bragança; Universidade Federal do Pará; Pará Brazil
| | | | - Tomas Hrbek
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas; Manaus Brazil
| | | | - Fabio Rohe
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas; Manaus Brazil
| | | | - Jean Boubli
- School of Environment and Life Sciences; University of Salford; Salford Greater Manchester United Kingdom
| | - Horacio Schneider
- Campus Universitário de Bragança; Universidade Federal do Pará; Pará Brazil
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