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Tuyishime E, Irakoze A, Seneza C, Fan B, Mvukiyehe JP, Kwizera J, Rosenberg N, Evans FM. The initiative for medical equity and global health (IMEGH) resuscitation training program: A model for resuscitation training courses in Africa. Afr J Emerg Med 2024; 14:33-37. [PMID: 38268932 PMCID: PMC10805636 DOI: 10.1016/j.afjem.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In high-income countries, outcomes following in hospital cardiac arrest have improved over the last two decades due to the introduction of rapid response teams, cardiac arrest teams, and advanced resuscitation training. However, in low-income countries, such as Rwanda, outcomes are still poor. This is due to multiple factors including lack of adequate resuscitation training, few trainers, and lack of equipment. To address this issue, the Initiative for Medical Equity and Global Health Equity (IMEGH), a training organization founded in 2018 by 5 local anesthesiologists has regularly taught resuscitation courses such as Basic Life Support, Advanced Cardiac Life Support, and Pediatric Advanced Life Support in hospitals throughout Rwanda. The aims of the organization include developing a sustainable model to offer context relevant resuscitation training courses, building a cadre of local instructors to teach on the courses, as well as engaging funding partners to help support the effort. From October 2018 until September 2022, 31 courses were run in 11 hospitals across Rwanda training 1,060 healthcare providers (mainly of non-physician anesthetists, nurses, midwives, and general practitioners). Ongoing challenges include lack of local protocols, inability to tracking resuscitation outcomes, and continued inaccessibility by many healthcare providers. Despite these challenges, the IMEGH program is an example of a successful context-relevant model and has potential to inform the design of resuscitation programs in other similar settings. This article describes the development of the IMEGH program, accomplishments as well as lessons learned, challenges, and next steps for expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Tuyishime
- Department Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Western University, Canada
| | - Alain Irakoze
- Department Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
- Department Anesthesia and Critical Care, King Faisal Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Celestin Seneza
- Department Anesthesia and Critical Care, Kibagabaga District Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Bernice Fan
- School of Nursing, University of Virginia, USA
| | - Jean Paul Mvukiyehe
- Department Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
- Department Anesthesia and Critical Care, King Faisal Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Jackson Kwizera
- Department Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
- Department Anesthesia and Critical Care, King Faisal Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Noah Rosenberg
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Faye M Evans
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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L, Petagna L, Howse L, Gonzalez LE, Bains L, Vohra L, Ansaloni L, Bertolaccini L, Ferrario L, Orecchia L, Tirloni L, Zanin L, Morelli L, Scaravilli L, Locatello LG, García LD, Vida L, Carbone L, Heindl LM, Bonavina L, Conti L, Marano L, Verre L, Conte LE, Boccalatte L, Tellez LGS, Loureiro L, Sánchez-Guillén L, Tallon-Aguilar L, Nakano L, Alvarez-Lozada LA, Gonzalez LAS, Flórez LJG, Capitan-Morales LC, Kowalski LP, Widmer LW, Harper L, Render L, Wheldon L, Abdur-Rahman L, Doğan L, Prusty L, Katsiaras L, Gourbault L, Siddiqui MT, Saleh M, Karthigeyan M, Rodriguez M, Chowdhury M, Nagappa M, Sultania M, Bashir M, Alam M, Elshahawy MAM, Elfiky M, Loubani M, Marei M, Mewafy M, Alali M, Nassar MA, Alobied M, Bilfaqirah M, Ahmad M, Rius M, Manangi M, Dornseifer MD, Tripathi M, S M, Sokolov M, Pigeolet M, Alonso MD, Losada M, Carretero MM, Tousidonis M, Cotovio MD, Wijeyaratne M, Boira MA, Franza M, Albdour M, Alkhatieb M, Déserts MDD, Niewiera M, Vallve-Bernal M, Kavanagh MM, Migliore M, 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O, Mateo-Sierra O, Azzis O, Ojewuyi O, Habeeb O, Idowu O, Elebute O, Agboola O, Ladipo-Ajayi O, Oyinloye O, Adebola O, Ekor O, Ogundoyin O, Salamanca O, Vergara-Fernandez O, Wafi O, Aladawi O, Bahassan OM, Tammo Ö, Ozkan OF, Williams OM, Salami O, Akinajo O, Sakhov O, Gallo O, Sole OM, Milella O, Alser O, Bettar OA, Alomar O, Osman OS, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach O, Basnayake O, Bozbiyik O, Hodges O, Ojo O, Yanık Ö, Mutlu ÖPZ, Kazan O, Calavia P, García PR, Urriza PV, Lopez PR, Christidis P, Dorovinis P, Kokoropoulos P, Mourmouris P, Papatheodorou P, Garg PK, Patel P, Vassiliu P, Campennì P, De Nardi P, Bernante P, Ubiali P, Baroffio P, Pizzini P, Sapienza P, Myrelid P, Chatzikomnitsa P, Tsiantoula P, Gada P, Avella P, Cianci P, Romero P, Méndez PS, Pazmiño PAF, Coughlin P, Kirchweger P, Pessaux P, Maguire PJ, Petrone P, Cullis P, Köglberger P, Marriott P, Nankivell P, Santos-Costa P, Martins PN, Panahi P, Botelho P, Teixeira P, Escobar P, Vázquez PJG, Gribnev P, Nolte P, Agbonrofo P, Bobak P, Choong P, Elbe P, Hutchinson P, Labib P, Paal P, Pockney P, Reemst P, Szatmary P, Vaughan-Shaw PG, Alexander P, Pucher P, Stather P, Foessleitner P, Winnand P, Zehnder P, Kruse P, Matos PAW, Lapolla P, Cicerchia PM, Solli P, Di Lascio P, Zarif P, Champagne PO, Anoldo P, Bertoglio P, Fransvea P, Familiari P, Lombardi PM, Stogowski PT, Bruzzaniti P, Tripathi P, D'sa P, Salunke P, Shah PA, Punjabi PPP, Christodoulou P, Hamdan Q, Tawalbeh R, Gadelkareem R, Awad R, Callcut R, Clegg R, Choron R, Payne R, Gefen R, Costea R, Drasovean R, Mirica RM, Ravindra R, Fajardo RT, Nunes RL, Aspide R, Lombardi R, Vidya R, Elboraei R, Saaid R, Ghodke R, Gupta R, Sharma RD, Lunevicius R, Kalayarasan R, Mohan R, Singh R, Sivaprakasam R, Seenivasagam RK, Rajendram R, Radulescu RB, Goicea R, Seshadri RA, Sarı R, Nataraja R, Aslam R, Abdelemam R, Shrestha R, Bharathan R, Pellini R, Guevara R, Agarwal R, Vissapragada R, Alharmi RA, Sayyed R, Browning R, Critchley R, Mallick R, Alarabi R, Beron RI, Függer R, Othman R, Saad R, Amores RR, Colombari RC, Radivojević RC, Patrone R, Novysedlák R, Palacios Huatuco RM, Baertschiger R, Liang R, Luckwell R, Escrevente R, Rezende RF, Cruz RP, Lenzi R, Rosati R, Donovan R, Egan R, Morris R, Page R, Seglenieks R, Unsworth R, Wilkin R, Skipworth RJ, Davies RJ, Bezirci R, Talwar R, Azami R, Bohmer R, Crichton R, Fruscio R, Hooker R, Jach R, Parker R, Pillerstorff R, Sinnerton R, Stabler R, O'connell RM, Ragozzino R, Tutino R, Angelico R, Cammarata R, Colasanti R, Macchiavello R, Peltrini R, Pirrello R, Vaschetti R, Pires RE, Papalia R, Arrangoiz R, Hompes R, Mittal R, Salah R, Pinto R, Flumignan R, Callan R, Cuthbert R, Dennis R, Scaramuzzo R, Macías RM, Sánchez R, Ogu R, Ramely R, Sgarzani R, Ramli R, Hillier R, Thumbadoo R, Ooi R, Abdus-Salam R, Masri R, Hodgson R, Mathew R, Wade R, D'archi S, Khan S, Ngaserin S, Kale S, Hassan S, Merghani S, Benamar S, Muhammad S, Badran S, Elsahli S, Heta S, Hammouche S, Baeesa S, Paiella S, Eldeen STEHT, Arkani S, Mittal S, Hirji S, Tebha S, Emile S, Dbouk S, Bandyopadhyay SK, Muhammad S, Olori S, Asirifi SA, Hailu S, Ling S, Newman S, Ross S, Wanjara S, Kumar S, Seneviratne S, Tamburello S, Suarez SB, Ingallinella S, Irshaidat S, Konswa S, Mambrilla S, Nasser S, Parini S, Pitoni S, Ornaghi S, Rodrigues SC, Abdelmohsen S, Aitken S, Tian S, Badiani S, Ahmad S, Swed S, Muthu S, Lakpriya S, Alzahrani S, Mikalauskas S, Lasrado S, Satoskar S, Bawa S, Altiner S, Garcia S, Stevens S, Demir S, Ken-Amoah S, Tranca S, Ziemann S, Awad S, Atici SD, Subramaniam S, Erel S, Jiang S, Efetov S, Efremov S, Katorkin S, Valladares SC, Contreras SM, Meriç S, Zenger S, Safi S, Leventoğlu S, Elsalhawy S, Shaikh S, Sheik S, Islam S, Shamim S, Waqar SH, Ahmad S, Farid S, Seraj SS, Sundarraju S, Karandikar S, Sambhwani S, Chopra S, Chowdhury S, Laura S, Ahmed S, Wason S, Tan SJH, Fraser S, Williams S, Ghozy S, Abdelmawgoud S, Shehata S, Sharma S, Ahmed S, Al-Touny SA, Ramzanali S, Nah SA, Jansen S, Rajan S, Dindyal S, Amin S, Ahmad S, Shoukrie SIM, Karar S, Patkar S, Abdulsalam S, Lin S, Hegde S, Fiorelli S, Quaresima S, Redondo SV, Palmisano S, Ruggiero S, Balogun S, Cais S, Cole S, Federer S, Le Roux S, Ippoliti S, Meneghini S, Viola S, Manfredelli S, Novello S, Gananadha S, Mesli SN, Kale S, Tani SI, Malik S, Anastasiadou S, Boligo S, Esposito S, Valanci S, Xenaki S, Pejkova S, Bandyopadhyay S, Trungu S, Basu S, Alkhatib S, Pérez-Bertólez S, Flores SL, Donoghue S, Lunca S, Orsoo S, Potamianos S, Devarakonda S, Suresh S, Croghan SM, Turi S, Capella S, Lucchini S, Magnone S, Salizzoni S, Scabini S, Scaringi S, Cioffi SPB, Seyfried S, Degener S, Potten S, Taha-Mehlitz S, Ali S, Angamuthu S, Mcaleer S, Knight SR, White S, Mantziari S, Kykalos S, Goh SK, Chowdhury SP, Ibrahim S, Elzwai S, Bansal S, Tripathy S, Amrayev S, Anwar SL, Banerjee S, Thakar S, Saeed S, Venkatappa SK, Das S, Techapongsatorn S, Dube SK, Lee S, González-Suárez S, Henriques S, Konjevoda S, Gisbertz S, Bravo SL, Mannan S, Bukhari SI, Zafar SN, Batista S, Chin SL, Arif T, Lawal TA, Aktokmakyan TV, Osborn T, Szakmany T, Sztipits T, Triantafyllou T, Valadez TAC, Singh T, Khaliq T, Patel T, Fadalla T, Jichi T, Sammour T, Al-Shaiji T, Naggs T, Barišić T, Nikolouzakis T, Bisgin T, Perra T, Uprak TK, Dagklis T, Liakakos T, Sidiropoulos T, Adjeso TJK, Dölker T, Oung T, Aherne T, Diehl T, Pinkney T, Raymond T, Rhomberg T, Schmitz-Rixen T, Madhuri TK, Lohmann TK, Yeoh T, Zaimis T, Bright T, Vilz TO, Glowka TR, Board T, Hardcastle T, Cohnert T, Mahečić TT, William TG, Klatte T, Abbott T, Watcyn-Jones T, Mendes T, Kulis T, Sečan T, Campagnaro T, Frisoni T, Simoncini T, Violante T, Safranovs TJ, Risteski T, Pang T, Akinyemi T, Yotsov T, Laeke T, Kochiyama T, Sholadoye TT, Alekberli T, Ezomike U, Giustizieri U, Grossi U, Köksoy ÜC, Bork U, Kisser U, Ronellenfitsch U, Saeed U, Bracale U, Jayarajah U, Rauf UHA, Bumbasirevic U, Ferrer UMJ, Ahmed U, Bello UM, Jogiat U, Sadia U, Galandarov V, Narayanan V, Calu V, Bianchi V, Ciniero V, Tonini V, Silvestri V, Vijay V, Dewan V, Lohsiriwat V, Thuduvage V, Mousafeiris V, Dragisic V, Sasireka V, Santric V, Kusuma VRM, Kolli VS, Alonso V, De Simone V, Picotti V, Martínez VM, Panduro-Correa V, Kakotkin V, Angulo VP, Turrado-Rodriguez V, Krishnamoorthy V, Ban VS, Shah V, Maiola V, Giordano V, La Vaccara V, Lizzi V, Papagni V, Schiavone V, Satchithanantham V, Garcia-Virto V, Jimenez V, Kumar V, Shelat V, Bhat V, Sodhai V, Graziadei V, Kutuzov V, Stoyanov V, Oktseloglou V, Flis V, Elhassan WAF, Yang W, Soon WC, Tashkandi W, Al-Khyatt W, Mabood W, Bijou W, Wijenayake W, D W, Krawczyk W, Atkins W, Bolton W, White W, Ceelen W, Vagena X, Gozal Y, Baba YI, Subramani Y, Jansen Y, Mittal Y, Kara Y, Zwain Y, Noureldin Y, Alawneh Y, Aydin Y, Lam YH, Tang Y, Lim Y, Dean Y, Tanas Y, Su YX, Fujimoto Y, Altinel Y, Frolova Y, Oshodi Y, Fadel ZT, Zahid Z, Elahi Z, Djama Z, Zaheen Z, Jawad Z, Demetrashvili Z, Gebremeskel Z, Gudisa Z, Alyami Z, Garoufalia Z, Li Z, Zimak Z, Radin Z, Balogh ZJ. Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries. Br J Surg 2023; 110:804-817. [PMID: 37079880 PMCID: PMC10364528 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znad092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. METHODS This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low-middle-income countries. RESULTS In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of 'single-use' consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low-middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. CONCLUSION This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high- and low-middle-income countries.
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Tuyishime E, McIsaac DI, Mumbwe MC, Ruhato Banguti P, Mvukiyehe JP, Nzarora J, Bould MD. Burnout Syndrome Among Anesthesia Providers Working in Public Hospitals in Rwanda: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Anesth Analg 2022; 135:820-828. [PMID: 35452008 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies address anesthesia provider burnout in high-income countries; however, there is a paucity of data on burnout for anesthesia providers in low-income countries (LICs). Our objectives were (1) to evaluate the prevalence of burnout among anesthesia providers in Rwandan hospitals and (2) to determine factors associated with burnout among anesthesia providers in Rwandan hospitals. METHODS A questionnaire was sent to selected Rwandan anesthesia providers working in public hospitals. The questionnaire assessed burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey, a validated 22-item survey used to measure burnout among health professionals. Sociodemographic and work-related factors found to be associated with burnout were also assessed using logistic regression in a Bayesian framework to estimate odds ratios (OR) and associated credible intervals (CrIs). RESULTS Surveys were distributed to 137 Rwandan anesthesia providers; 99 (72.3%) were returned. Sixty-six (67%) respondents were nonphysician anesthesia providers. Burnout was present in 26 of 99 (26.3%) participants (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.9-36.1). When considering weakly informative priors, we found a 99% probability that not having the right team (OR, 5.36%; 95 CrI, 1.34-23.53) and the frequency of seeing patients with negative outcomes such as death or permanent disability (OR, 9.62; 95% CrI, 2.48-42.84) were associated with burnout. CONCLUSIONS In a cross-sectional survey of anesthesia providers in Rwanda, more than a quarter of respondents met the criteria for burnout. Lacking the right team and seeing negative outcomes were associated with higher burnout rate. These identified factors should be addressed to prevent the negative consequences of burnout, such as poor patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Tuyishime
- From the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.,Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel I McIsaac
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mbangu C Mumbwe
- Department of Anesthesia, Ndola Teaching Hospital, Ministry of Health, Ndola, Zambia
| | - Paulin Ruhato Banguti
- From the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Jean Paul Mvukiyehe
- From the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Josue Nzarora
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - M Dylan Bould
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Mvukiyehe JP, Tuyishime E, Ndindwanimana A, Rickard J, Manzi O, Madden GR, Durieux ME, Banguti PR. Improving hand hygiene measures in low-resourced intensive care units: experience at the Kigali University Teaching Hospital in Rwanda. Int J Infect Control 2021; 17. [PMID: 37275665 PMCID: PMC10237047 DOI: 10.3396/ijic.v17.20585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Proper hand hygiene (HH) practices have been shown to reduce healthcare-acquired infections. Several potential challenges in low-income countries might limit the feasibility of effective HH, including preexisting knowledge gaps and staffing. Aim We sought to evaluate the feasibility of the implementation of effective HH practice at a teaching hospital in Rwanda. Methods We conducted a prospective quality improvement project in the intensive care unit (ICU) at the Kigali University Teaching Hospital. We collected data before and after an intervention focused on HH adherence as defined by the World Health Organization '5 Moments for Hand Hygiene' and assuring availability of HH supplies. Pre-intervention data were collected throughout July 2019, and HH measures were implemented in August 2019. Post-implementation data were collected following a 3-month wash-in. Results In total, 902 HH observations were performed to assess pre-intervention adherence and 903 observations post-intervention adherence. Overall, HH adherence increased from 25% (222 of 902 moments) before intervention to 75% (677 of 903 moments) after intervention (P < 0.001). Improvement was seen among all health professionals (nurses: 19-74%, residents: 23-74%, consultants: 29-76%). Conclusions Effective HH measures are feasible in an ICU in a low-income country. Ensuring availability of supplies and training appears key to effective HH practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Paul Mvukiyehe
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Eugene Tuyishime
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | - Jennifer Rickard
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Olivier Manzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kigali University Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Gregory R Madden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Marcel E Durieux
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Paulin R Banguti
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
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Wright NJ, Leather AJ, Ade-Ajayi N, Sevdalis N, Davies J, Poenaru D, Ameh E, Ademuyiwa A, Lakhoo K, Smith ER, Douiri A, Elstad M, Sim M, Riboni C, Martinez-Leo B, Akhbari M, Tabiri S, Mitul A, Aziz DAA, Fachin C, Niyukuri A, Arshad M, Ibrahim F, Moitt N, Doheim MF, Thompson H, Ubhi H, Williams I, Hashim S, Philipo GS, Herrera L, Yunus A, Vervoort D, Parker S, Benaskeur YI, Alser OH, Adofo-Ansong N, Alhamid A, Salem HK, Saleh M, Elrais SA, Abukhalaf S, Shinondo P, Nour I, Aydin E, Vaitkiene A, Naranjo K, Dube AM, Ngwenya S, Yacoub MA, Kwasau H, Hyman G, Elghazaly SM, Al-Slaibi I, Hisham I, Franco H, Arbab H, Samad L, Soomro A, Chaudhry MA, Karim S, Khattak MAK, Nah SA, Dimatatac DM, Choo CSC, Maistry N, Mitul AR, Hasan S, Karim S, Yousuf H, Qureshi T, Nour IR, Al-Taher RN, Sarhan OAK, Garcia-Aparicio L, Prat J, Blazquez-Gomez E, Tarrado X, Iriondo M, Bragagnini P, Rite S, Hagander L, Svensson E, Owusu S, Abdul-Mumin A, Bagbio D, Ismavel VA, Miriam A, T S, Anaya Dominguez M, Ivanov M, 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N, Ajiboye OS, Felix M, Olabisi OO, Erçin S, Muradi T, Burks SS, Lerma S, Jacobson J, Calancea C, Valerio-Vazquez R, Sikwete G, Sekyere O, Mbonisweni A, Syed S, Hyeon CS, Pajouhandeh F, Kunfah SMP. Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study. Lancet 2021; 398:325-339. [PMID: 34270932 PMCID: PMC8314066 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00767-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. METHODS We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung's disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. FINDINGS We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung's disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middle-income countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36-39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3-3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in low-income countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88-4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59-2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04-1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4-5 vs ASA 1-2, 1·82 [1·40-2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1-2, 1·58, [1·30-1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02-1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41-2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05-1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47-0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50-0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48-1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. INTERPRETATION Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030. FUNDING Wellcome Trust.
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Hopkinson DA, Mvukiyehe JP, Jayaraman SP, Syed AA, Dworkin MS, Mucyo W, Cyuzuzo T, Tuyizere A, Mukwesi C, Nyirigira G, Banguti PR, Riviello ED. Sepsis in two hospitals in Rwanda: A retrospective cohort study of presentation, management, outcomes, and predictors of mortality. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251321. [PMID: 34038449 PMCID: PMC8153478 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Few studies have assessed the presentation, management, and outcomes of sepsis in low-income countries (LICs). We sought to characterize these aspects of sepsis and to assess mortality predictors in sepsis in two referral hospitals in Rwanda. Materials and methods This was a retrospective cohort study in two public academic referral hospitals in Rwanda. Data was abstracted from paper medical records of adult patients who met our criteria for sepsis. Results Of the 181 subjects who met eligibility criteria, 111 (61.3%) met our criteria for sepsis without shock and 70 (38.7%) met our criteria for septic shock. Thirty-five subjects (19.3%) were known to be HIV positive. The vast majority of septic patients (92.7%) received intravenous fluid therapy (median = 1.0 L within 8 hours), and 94.0% received antimicrobials. Vasopressors were administered to 32.0% of the cohort and 46.4% received mechanical ventilation. In-hospital mortality for all patients with sepsis was 51.4%, and it was 82.9% for those with septic shock. Baseline characteristic mortality predictors were respiratory rate, Glasgow Coma Scale score, and known HIV seropositivity. Conclusions Septic patients in two public tertiary referral hospitals in Rwanda are young (median age = 40, IQR = 29, 59) and experience high rates of mortality. Predictors of mortality included baseline clinical characteristics and HIV seropositivity status. The majority of subjects were treated with intravenous fluids and antimicrobials. Further work is needed to understand clinical and management factors that may help improve mortality in septic patients in LICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis A. Hopkinson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jean Paul Mvukiyehe
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Sudha P. Jayaraman
- Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Aamer A. Syed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Myles S. Dworkin
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Thierry Cyuzuzo
- University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Anne Tuyizere
- University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | | | - Paulin R. Banguti
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Elisabeth D. Riviello
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Knight SR, Shaw CA, Pius R, Drake TM, Norman L, Ademuyiwa AO, Adisa AO, Aguilera ML, Al-Saqqa SW, Al-Slaibi I, Bhangu A, Biccard BM, Brocklehurst P, Costas-Chavarri A, Chu K, Dare A, Elhadi M, Fairfield CJ, Fitzgerald JE, Ghosh D, Glasbey J, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Ingabire JA, Kingham TP, Lapitan MC, Lawani I, Lieske B, Lilford R, Martin J, McLean KA, Moore R, Morton D, Nepogodiev D, Ntirenganya F, Pata F, Pinkney T, Qureshi AU, Ramos-De la Medina A, Riad A, Salem HK, Simões J, Spence R, Smart N, Tabiri S, Thomas H, Weiser TG, West M, Whitaker J, Harrison EM, Gjata A, Modolo MM, King S, Chan E, Nahar SN, Waterman A, Vervoort D, Lawani I, Bedada AG, De Azevedo B, Figueiredo AG, Sokolov M, Barendegere V, Ekwen G, Agarwal A, Dare A, Liu Q, Camilo Correa J, Malemo KL, Bake J, Mihanovic J, Kuncarová K, Orhalmi J, Salem H, Teras J, Kechagias A, Arnaud AP, Lindert J, Tabiri S, Kalles V, Aguilera-Arevalo ML, Recinos G, Baranyai Z, Kumar B, Neelamraju Lakshmi H, Zachariah SK, Alexander P, Kumar Venkatappa S, Pramesh C, Amandito R, Fleming C, Ansaloni L, Pata F, Pellino G, Altibi AM, Nour I, Hamdun I, Elhadi M, Ghellai AM, Venskutonis D, Poskus T, Zilinskas J, Whitaker J, Malemia P, Tew YY, Borg E, Ellul S, Ramos-De la Medina A, Wafqui FZ, Borowski DW, van Dalen AS, Wells C, Adamou H, Ademuyiwa A, Adisa A, Søreide K, Qureshi AU, Al-Slaibi I, Al Saqqa S, Alser O, Tahboub H, Segovia Lohse HA, Shu Yip S, Lapitan MC, Major P, Simões J, Sampaio Soares A, Bratu MR, Litvin A, Vardanyan A, Allen Ingabire JC, Costas-Chavarri A, Gudal A, Albati N, Juloski J, Lieske B, Rems M, Rayne S, Van Straten S, Moodley Y, Chu K, Moore R, Ortega Vázquez I, Ruiz-Tovar J, Senanayake KJ, Thalgaspitiya SPB, Omer OA, Homeida A, Cengiz Y, Clerc D, Alshaar M, Bouaziz H, Altinel Y, Doe M, Freigofer M, Teasdale E, Kabariti R, Clements JM, Knight SR, Ashfaq A, Azodo I, Wagner G, Trostchansky I, Maimbo M, Linyama D, Nina H, Zeko A, Fermani CG, Modolo MM, Villalobos S, Carballo F, Farina P, Guckenheimer S, Dickfos M, Ajmera A, Chong C, Gourlay R, Hussaini S, Lee YJ, Majid A, Martin P, Miles R, Morris OJ, Phua J, Ridley W, Saluja T, Tan RR, Teh J, Wells A, Arora B, Dollie Q, Ho D, Ma Y, Perera OM, Truong A, Dawson AC, Lim B, Pahalawatta U, Phan J, Woon-Shoo-Tong XMS, Yeoh A, Charman L, Drane A, Laura S, Lo CCW, Mozes A, Poon R, Tan HH, Wall E, Chopra P, De Giovanni J, Dhital B, Draganic B, Duller A, Gani J, Goh YK, Jeong JY, McManus B, Nagappan P, Pockney P, Rugendyke A, Sarrami M, Smith S, Wills V, Wong HV, Ye G, Zhang G, Brooker E, Feng D, Lau B, Ngai C, Birks S, Gyorki D, Otero de Pablos J, Abbosh A, Gillespie C, Mahmoud A, Kwan B, Lawson J, Warwick A, Bingham J, Cockbain AJ, Dudi-Venkata NN, Ellaby-Hall J, Finlay B, Humphries E, Pisaniello J, Pisaniello M, Salih S, Sammour T, Abd Wahab HH, De Silva A, Hayward N, Iyer K, Maddern G, Prevost GA, Annapureddy N, Settipalli KP, Yeo J, Hempenstall L, Pham L, Purcell S, Talavera C, Vaska AI, Chaggar G, Chrapko P, Cocco A, Coulter-Nile SMCJ, Ctercteko G, French J, Gong H, Gosselink M, Jegathees T, Jin I, Kalachov M, Kiefhaber K, Lee K, Luong J, Phan S, Pleass H, Veale K, Zeng Z, Au A, DeBiasio A, Deng I, Myooran J, Nair A, Stewart P, Stift A, Unger LW, Wimmer K, Ahmed N, Hasan S, Rahman S, O'Shea M, Padmore G, Peters A, Perduca P, Pulcina G, Tinton N, Buxant F, Dabin E, Garofalo G, Dossou F, Lawani I, Gnangnon FHR, Imorou Souaibou Y, Bedada AG, Motlaleselelo P, Tlhomelang O, Lima Buarque I, Mendonça Ataíde Gomes G, Vieira Barros A, Batashki I, Damianov N, Stoyanov V, Dardanov D, Maslyankov S, Petkov P, Sokolov M, Todorov G, Zhivkov E, Akisheva A, Castilla Moreno MA, Genov G, Ilieva I, Ivanov T, Karamanliev M, Khan A, Mitkov E, Yotsov T, Atanasov B, Belev N, Slavchev M, Nsengiyumva C, Jones E, Stock S, Ekwen G, Kyota S, Brown J, Mabanza K. T, Nigo Samuel L, Otuneme C, Prosper N, Umenze F, Boutros M, Caminsky N, Dumitra S, Garfinkle R, Morency D, Salama E, Banks A, Ferri L, He H, Katz A, Liberman AS, Meterissian S, Pang A, Parvez E, Agarwal A, Dare A, Hameed U, Osman F, Sequeira S, Coburn N, Dare A, Jaffer A, Karanicolas P, Mosseler M, Musselman R, Liu X, Yip CW, Garces-Otero JS, Guzman C, Sierra S, Uribe Valencia A, Cabrera Rivera PA, Camelo S, Gonzalez A, González-Orozco A, Mosquera Paz MS, Perez Rivera CJ, Gonzalez F, Isaza-Restrepo A, Nino- Torres L, Arias Madrid N, Mendoza Arango MC, Sierra S, Bake J, Tsandiraki J, Jemendžic D, Kocman B, Šuman O, Canic R, Jurišic D, Karakas I, Krizanovic Rupcic A, Pitlovic V, Samardžic J, Kopljar M, Bacic I, Domini E, Karlo R, Mihanovic J, Miljanic D, Simic A, Ahmed M, Al Nassrallah M, Altaf R, Amjad T, Eltoum R, Haidar H, Hassan A, Khalil O, Qasem M, Ramesh R, Sajith G, Wisal M, Žatecký J, Bujda M, Jirankova K, Paclik A, Abdallah A, Abdulgawad Almogy M, Ayman El-sawy E, ElFayoumy AM, Elghareeb N, Esmat NA, Fadel A, Habater A, Hamdy H, Hefni A, Kamal M, Mohamed Abobakr N, Sayed A, Shaker N, Taha E, Tharwat H, Zakaria O, Abdelmotaleb I, Al-Dhufri A, Al-Himyari HS, El sheikh E, Eldmaty A, Elkhalawy A, M.Elkhashen A, Magdy K, Mostafa S, Sadia HD, Saleh MM, Samir D, Yahia Mohamed Ali M, A. Nassar M, Abdelhady S, Abdelrazek A, Abdelsalam I, El-Sawy A, Essam E, Gadelkarim M, Ghaly K, Hassabalnaby M, Masarani R, Mohamed Shaaban N, Sabry A, Salem M, Soliman NA, Zahran D, Abou El.soud MR, Badr ET, Borham H, Elmeslemany N, Elsayed M, Elsherif F, Eslam S, Gaber G, Ibrahim S, Kamh Y, Mahmoud A, Mohamed SG, Morshedy E, Omar C, Salem Soliman F, Abdelkawy S, Abdelmohsen N, Abdelshakour M, Dahy A, Gamal N, Gamal M, Hasan A, Hetta H, Mousa N, Omar M, Rabie S, Saad M, Saleh B, Sayed Mohamed M, Shawqi M, Abdelhady Mousa H, Alnoury M, Elbealawy M, Elshafey A, Essam Ibrahim El Desouki Muhammad Ahmed M, Ghonaim M, Hgag F, Ibrahim M, Morsy M, Reda Loaloa M, Refaat A, Samir H, Shahien F, Sobhy M, Sroor F, Abdellatif E, Adel M, Afifi AA, Afifi E, Antaky M, Dawoud A, El Zoghby N, El-remaily A, Elzanfaly AA, Gadallah A, Gamal FA, Hashem O, Medhat Youssef S, Muhammad Attyah A, Munir M, Shazly O, Taha E, Wilson K, Adel S, Ali A, Eid E, Elhelow E, Elmahdy M, Elshatby B, Hossam el-din Zakaria A, 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M, Koco H, Lawani S, Kassa MW, Santos Bezerra T, Gribnev P, Dimitrov D, Krastev P, Oum S, Bonghaseh DT, Al Farsi M, Alsharqawi N, Agarwal A, Acevedo V, Castillo Barbosa AC, Giron F, Leon Rodriguez JP, Kucan D, Rosko D, Barsic N, Župan D, Hegazi A, Truncíková V, Fryba V, Mohamed M, Sultan A, Nagi A, Rashad Temerik A, Elshawy ME, Mahmoud MI, Omar S, Anwar M, Rageh T, Elmokadem A, Gaballa K, Teppo S, Turunen A, Pengermä P, Ballouhey Q, Bergeat D, Weyl A, Hain E, Gyedu A, Yenli E, Osei-Poku D, Rompou VA, Zoikas A, Gaitanidis A, Koukis G, Perivoliotis K, Tavlas P, Galanos-Demiris K, Zografos G, Karavokyros I, Xanthopoulou G, Iordanidou E, Ayau F, Garcia A, Damján P, Wason D, B L A, Rangganata E, Kamath P, O'Connor DB, Pinto M, Perrone F, Tropeano FP, Troilo F, Bossi D, Scala D, Pulitanò L, Carella M, Pietrabissa A, Gori A, Giraudo G, De Simone V, Russo AA, Braccio B, Al-Taher R, Athamneh S, Parker A, Sawiee A, Kattia A, Salem M, Tababa O, Shaeeb Z, Syminas V, Jurgaitis J, Damuleviciene G, Svagzdys S, Poskus T, Razafimanjato NNM, Chieng Loo L, Tiong IC, Wan Muhmad WF, Vijeyan H, Li Ying T, Grech G, Arrangoiz R, Jimenez Ley VB, Arizpe D, Jimenez Ley VB, Lagunes Lara E, Castro López EV, Eaazim J, Gordinou de Gouberville M, Bastiaenen V, Rottier S, Nahab F, Ji MY, Seyoji M, Nwachukwu C, Emeghara O, Muhammed SE, Idowu A, Sowemimo O, Ogundoyin O, Akande O, Lott A, Nadeem M, Laghari AA, Loya A, Mushtaq H, Abdullah MT, Abuhilal B, Atawneh M, Hamdan H, Alhabil B, Srour A, Mousa I, Da Silva Medina L, Sacdalan MD, Lapitan MC, Sacdalan MD, Sacdalan MD, Bartosiak K, Ferreira P, Francisco V, Lemos R, Frutuoso L, Fernandes S, Fonseca T, Pereira J, Rachadell J, Torre A, Madeira Martins F, Carvalho AC, Rodrigues Ferreira J, Ribeiro da Silva B, Devesa H, Vieira A, Mónica I, Amaro M, Sousa D, Reia M, Louro J, Martins A, Dominguez J, Santos I, Freitas Oliveira NM, Pereira JC, Silva-Vaz P, Freire L, Escrevente R, Negoita VM, Shakhmatov D, Nezerwa Y, Radulovic R, Moore R, Obery G, Viljoen F, Mendes T, Suarez A, Moncada E, Fernandez-Hevia M, Curtis Martínez C, Gil Garcia JM, González Zunzarren M, Idris T, Eklöv K, Grahn O, Amin L, Blomqvist M, Ajani C, Kraus R, Seeger N, Willemin M, Rayya F, Ayash M, Msouti R, Kannas I, Abazid E, Esper A, Slim S, Kavcar AS, Aytac E, Dural AC, Ilker A, Eray IC, Kurnaz E, Altiner S, Tepe MD, Sahin C, Savli E, Innocent A, Babirye L, Diachenko A, Hordoskiy V, Curry H, Chau CYC, Robertson H, Mahmoud A, Lennon H, Loi L, Kirkham E, McCann C, Watts D, Gurung B, Wilson M, Tribedi T, Garofalo E, Zahra B, MacDonald S, Daniels I, Ng N, Khosla S, Olivier J, Yue SYP, Suresh G, Wellington J, Lorejo E, Mossaad M, Tryliskyy Y, Crutcher M, Alimi M, Baiu I, Abdou H, Conway A, Peck C, Wagner G, Perdomo Perez MA, Trostchansky I, Zulu S, Nakazwe M, Knight SR, Drake TM, Nepogodiev D, Fitzgerald JE, Ademuyiwa A, Alexander P, Ingabire JA, Al-Saqqa SW, Biccard BM, Borda-Luque G, Borowski DW, Burger S, Chu K, Clarke D, Costas-Chavarri A, Davies J, Donaldson R, Ede C, Garden OJ, Ghosh D, Glasbey J, Kingham TP, Salem HK, Anyomih TTK, Koto MZ, Lapitan MC, Lawani I, Lesetedi C, Aguilera-Arevalo ML, Mabedi C, Maimbo M, Magill L, Makinde Alakaloko F, Makupe A, Martin J, Ramos-De la Medina A, Monahan M, Moore R, Msosa V, Mulira S, Mutabazi AZ, Muller E, Musowoyo J, Adisa AO, Olory-Togbe JL, Pius R, Qureshi AU, Rayne S, Roberts T, Sacdalan MD, Shaw CA, Smart N, Smith M, Spence R, Van Straten S, Tabiri S, Tayler V, Weiser TG, Windsor J, Yorke J, Yepez R, Lilford R, Morton D, Bhangu A, Sundar S, Harrison EM, Runigamugabo E, Verjee A, Chen J, Daya L, El Aroussi N, Farina V, Gnintedeme Olivier T, Gonzales Nacarino M, Hammani A, Honjo S, Jacobs R, Kimura H, Litvin A, Nkoronko M, Nour I, Oscullo Yepez JJ, Pagano G, Pata F, Pin Hung W, Raj A, Romani Pozo A, Rommaneh M, Sassamela Fabiano SC, Shiroma Gago CM, Shu Yip S, Srinivas A, Sung CY, Tai A, Valle Aranda YC, Venturini S, Vervoort D, Wilguens Lartigue J. Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries. Lancet 2021; 397:387-397. [PMID: 33485461 PMCID: PMC7846817 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. METHODS This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. FINDINGS Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70-8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39-8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11-3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26-11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08-7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. INTERPRETATION Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. FUNDING National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit.
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Tuyishime E, Ingabire H, Mvukiyehe JP, Durieux M, Twagirumugabe T. Implementing the Risk Identification (RI) and Modified Early Obstetric Warning Signs (MEOWS) tool in district hospitals in Rwanda: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:568. [PMID: 32993541 PMCID: PMC7523063 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite reaching Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 3, the maternal mortality rate (MMR) is still high in Rwanda. Most deaths occur after transfer of patients with obstetric complications from district hospitals (DHs) to referral hospitals; timely detection and management may improve these outcomes. The RI and MEOWS tool has been designed to predict morbidity and decrease delay of transfer. Our study aimed: 1) to determine if the use of the RI and MEOWS tool is feasible in DHs in Rwanda and 2) to determine the role of the RI and MEOWS tool in predicting morbidity. METHODS A cross-sectional study enrolled parturient admitted to 4 district hospitals during the study period from April to July 2019. Data was collected on completeness rate (feasibility) to RI and MEOWS tool, and prediction of morbidity (hemorrhage, infection, and pre-eclampsia). RESULTS Among 478 RI and MEOWS forms used, 75.9% forms were fully completed suggesting adequate feasibility. In addition, the RI and MEOWS tool showed to predict morbidity with a sensitivity of 28.9%, a specificity of 93.5%, a PPV of 36.1%, a NPV of 91.1%, an accuracy of 86.2%, and a relative risk of 4.1 (95% Confidential Interval (CI), 2.4-7.1). When asked about challenges faced during use of the RI and MEOWS tool, most of the respondents reported that the tool was long, the staff to patient ratio was low, the English language was a barrier, and the printed forms were sometimes unavailable. CONCLUSION The RI and MEOWS tool is a feasible in the DHs of Rwanda. In addition, having moderate or high scores on the RI and MEOWS tool predict morbidity. After consideration of local context, this tool can be considered for scale up to other DHs in Rwanda or other low resources settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION This is not a clinical trial rather a quality improvement project. It will be registered retrospectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Tuyishime
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Honorine Ingabire
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Jean Paul Mvukiyehe
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | - Theogene Twagirumugabe
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
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Tuyishime E, Banguti PR, Mvukiyehe JP, Ntirenganya F, Durieux M, Cattermole G. Using the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) Triage Tool to Evaluate Timing of Emergency Surgery in Rwanda. World J Surg 2020; 44:1387-1394. [DOI: 10.1007/s00268-020-05372-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulin R Banguti
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | - Marcel E Durieux
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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Maine RG, Riviello ED, Bush CA, Irakiza JJJ, Mvukiyehe JP, Kim WC, Manirakiza F, Finlayson SR, Haynes AB, Twagirumugabe T. Use of a Simplified Data Monitoring Tool Improves Prospective Outcomes Monitoring at a District Hospital In Rwanda. J Am Coll Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2014.07.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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