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Zheng MH, Ma JJ, Zhao X. [Three decades of progress in China's laparoscopic colorectal surgery techniques]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2024; 27:41-46. [PMID: 38262899 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20240110-00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Laparoscopic colorectal surgery has been carried out in China for more than 30 years and has experienced a three-stage high-speed development of "exploring and designing,optimising and standardising, perfecting and re-innovating" at the technical level. Based on the support and assistance of laparoscopic technology, colorectal surgery has made rapid progress in sub-microscopic anatomy, surgical procedures, surgical concepts, instruments and equipment. Nowadays, the technology and efficacy of laparoscopic colorectal surgery have gradually reached the ceiling, and in view of the existing pain points and the future direction of development, where will we go? This article summarised the past three decades of experience and consolidate the results to guide the future practice and the way forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai 200020, China
| | - J J Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai 200020, China
| | - X Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai 200020, China
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Wang P, Ma JJ, Xie QP. [Selection of endoscopic thyroidectomy approaches]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 58:926-929. [PMID: 37675534 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20221228-00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - J J Ma
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Q P Xie
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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Liu XX, Li CW, Yin J, Li WC, Ma JJ. [B-cell expansion with nuclear factor-κB and T-cell anergy disease treated with rituximab in a child]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2022; 60:1332-1333. [PMID: 36444440 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220814-00724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- X X Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - C W Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - J Yin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - W C Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - J J Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin 300134, China
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Ou CX, Wu PH, Xie JX, Zhang XX, Ma JJ, Deng ZA, Yang XJ, Li Y, Yuan D, Xue LN, Dong C, Deng ZN, Zhang QL. [Efficacy of omalizumab in the treatment of eosinophilic granulomatous polyangiitis with asthma as the first symptom]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:2684-2689. [PMID: 36096695 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220327-00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the efficacy, and safety of omalizumab in the treatment of eosinophilic granulomatous with polyangiitis (EGPA) with asthma as the first symptom. Method: The clinical characteristics of 22 EGPA patients with asthma as the first symptom treated with omalizumab in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from March 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The asthma control test (ACT) score, the frequency of asthma exacerbation (AE), the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS), the variation rate of peak expiratory flow (PEF), the percentage of PEF to predicted value of PEF (PEFpred%), the percentage of forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) to predicted value of FEV1 (FEV1pred%), the dosage of oral corticosteroid (OCS) and other clinical data [M(Q1, Q3)] were collected before and after treatment, to observe the efficacy and adverse reactions of omalizumab. Results: There were 22 subjects recruited in this study. The median age was 42 (22-70) years. Eleven of the patients were males. After treated with omalizumab for 4 months, there were 68.2%(15/21) of patients who responded to the treatment. In the response group (n=15), the patients' ACT score increased from 19.0 (16.5, 21.0) to 23.0 (21.5, 24.0) (P=0.001). The frequency of AE decreased from 0.7 (0.3, 1.0) to 0 (0, 0.7) per four mouths (P<0.001). The BVAS decreased from 4.0 (2.0, 6.0) to 2.0 (2.0, 4.0) (P=0.007). The variation rate of PEF decreased from 18.8% (14.0%, 27.7%) to 9.2% (6.8%, 11.9%) (P=0.007). The PEFpred% increased from 80.8% (73.5%, 90.7%) to 100.5% (79.4%, 114.0%) (P=0.005). The maintenance dosage of OCS reduced from 15.0 (10.0, 20.0) mg/d to 8.8 (5.0, 10.0) mg/d (P=0.005). The level of baseline eosinophil in peripheral blood of patients in non-response group was higher than that in response group [11.4% (9.2%, 22.6%) vs 3.4% (1.1%, 6.5%), P<0.05]. A total of 190 injections were performed in 22 patients, and only 4 patients (2.1%) had adverse reactions after a single injection of omalizumab, such as dizziness, swelling of injection site and pruritus. The adverse reactions were tolerable. Conclusions: Omalizumab has certain curative effect on EGPA, can reduce asthmatic symptoms and OCS maintenance dosage, and has a good safety profile. The rate of response to the treatment is higher in patients with mild eosinophilic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C X Ou
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - P H Wu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - J X Xie
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - X X Zhang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - J J Ma
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Z A Deng
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - X J Yang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Y Li
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - D Yuan
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - L N Xue
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - C Dong
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Z N Deng
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Q L Zhang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Ma JJ, Zang L. [Small steps to thousands of miles: a tribute to Chinese laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 25:686-693. [PMID: 35970802 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20220531-00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Laparoscopic surgery for gastric cancer has been developed in China for more than 20 years. It has gone through the initial stage of exploration in the 1990s, the stage of learning and accumulation in the early 21st century, the stage of development and expansion in the 2010s, and the current stage of standardization, and innovation. Laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery in China has developed from less to more, from more to popular. Surgical techniques have gradually become mature, innovated, and standardized, medical evidence has accumulated, and academic exchanges have become increasingly active and valued by the world. In the future, it is expected to make new progress and breakthrough in tumor specific laparoscopic navigation surgery system, intelligent robotic gastric cancer surgery platform, functional preservation surgery for early gastric cancer under the integration of gastroenterologists and surgeons, and laparoscopic comprehensive treatment for peritoneal metastasis. By reviewing the development of laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery in China, the authors draw inspiration from the depths of history, inherit and innovate, look forward to the future, and pay tribute to the predecessors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai Minimal Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - L Zang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai Minimal Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai 200025, China
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Zheng MH, Ma JJ. [Multidimensional thinking in the era of gastrointestinal minimally invasive surgery]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 25:669-674. [PMID: 35970799 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20220725-00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Minimally invasive surgery represented by laparoscopic technique has been carried out in China for more than 30 years. Gastrointestinal minimally invasive surgery has been widely recognized and popularized. Today, when the development of minimally invasive technology has reached the ceiling, the authors, who have experienced the innovation of minimally invasive gastrointestinal surgery for more than 30 years, review the gradual, unpredictable but inevitable characteristics of the innovation and development of minimally invasive surgery; figure out that standardized promotion and systematic training are the main reasons for the success of minimally invasive surgery in gastrointestinal surgery; realize that the application and promotion of new medical technology are inseparable from the support of solid clinical and basic evidence; recognize that the re-innovation after the popularization and standardization of gastrointestinal minimally invasive surgery and how to avoid involution are the driving force to seize the development momentum of minimally invasive technology. We make a multidimensional thinking on the development of gastrointestinal minimally invasive surgery, and objectively analyze its development track, in order to calmly rise to the challenges of future technological development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Minimal Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J J Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Minimal Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Qin W, Ma JJ, Feng B. [Medial border of D3 lymphadenectomy for right colon cancer]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 25:305-308. [PMID: 35461197 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20220129-00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The extent of D3 lymphadenectomy for right colon cancer, especially the medial border of central lymph node dissection remains controversial. D3 lymphadenectomy and complete mesocolon excision (CME) are two standard procedures for locally advanced right colon carcinoma. D3 lymphadenectomy determines the medial border according to the distribution of the lymph nodes. The mainstream medial border should be the left side of superior mesenteric vein (SMV) according to the definition of D3, but there are also some reports that regards the left side of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) as the medial border. In contrast, the CME procedure emphasizes the beginning of the colonic mesentery and the left side of SMA should be considered as the medial border. Combined with the anatomical basis, oncological efficacy and technical feasibility of D3 lymph node dissection, we think that it is safe and feasible to take the left side of SMA as the medial boundary of D3 lymph node dissection. This procedure not only takes into account the integrity of mesangial and regional lymph node dissection, but also dissects more distant lymph nodes at risk of metastasis. It has its anatomical basis and potential oncological advantages. However, at present, this technical concept is still in the exploratory stage in practice, and the related clinical evidence is not sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J J Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - B Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Ma JJ, He ZR, Zang L. [Digestive tract reconstruction after laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 25:124-130. [PMID: 35176823 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20211123-0473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) is increasing in recent years. Its diagnosis, lymph node metastasis and digestive tract reconstruction are all different from those of upper gastric cancer. With the development of the concept of function preserving surgery for gastric cancer, the clinical application of laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy in AEG is increasing. In this kind of operation, in addition to ensuring sufficient radical cure of tumor, the short-term smooth recovery and long-term quality of life of patients are also important. The reconstruction of digestive tract after proximal stomach operation is of great significance. According to the author's own practical experience, in clinical work, the author selects different surgical resection scope and digestive tract reconstruction methods according to Siewert classification of AEG. For Siewert Ⅱ AEG, laparoscopic PG is mostly used, and laparoscopic esophageal tubular gastric side-to-side anastomosis or double channel anastomosis is mostly used for digestive tract reconstruction. It is believed that with the emergence of long-term follow-up results and the development of multicenter randomized controlled research, some controversial questions will be better answered. We should pay attention to the individual differences of patients. For different individuals, combined with the operator's experience, on the basis of ensuring the radical cure of tumor, we should adopt appropriate surgical resection scope and digestive tract reconstruction, so as to bring better long-term quality of life for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine/Shanghai Clinical Medical Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Z R He
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine/Shanghai Clinical Medical Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - L Zang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine/Shanghai Clinical Medical Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanghai 200025, China
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Zhong CH, Zhou ZQ, Ma JJ, Wang GZ, Li SY. [Effectiveness and safety of robotic assisted-bronchoscopy system in locating and removing spring coils placed in the peripheral lung of beagle dogs: a pilot study]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2021; 44:1071-1077. [PMID: 34915620 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20210802-00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the robotic assisted bronchoscope system for localizing and removing the spring coils that placed in the peripheral lung of beagle dogs. Methods: The study was conducted from June 18th to June 20th, 2021. Metallic lung coils were placed as the simulated lesions to the periphery of the lungs of two adult male beagle dogs using a bronchoscope under general anesthesia. The navigation path was planned by the navigation function that built in the robotic bronchoscope system. After training, the doctors operated the robotic bronchoscope system to locate and remove the coils from the lung. The navigation success rate, sampling success rate, position of the coil, navigation time, sampling time, and operation time were evaluated. The damage to the airway mucosa during the operation and the vital signs of the beagles during and post-operation were accessed. Chest computerized tomography (CT) was performed post-operation to detect if there were complications such as pneumothorax and bleeding. Results: A total of 12 spring coils were successfully inserted into the two beagles. All the navigation paths of the simulated lesions were successfully planned. The navigation success rate was 12/12. The navigation time was (43.9±19.8) seconds. The distance between the tip of the flexible endoscope arm and the target point measured by the navigation system was (6.93±2.15) mm. The locations of the simulated lesions were distributed in the 6th-8th generation of bronchi. The sampling success rate was 12/12. The sampling time was (42.4±11.3) seconds. There was no pneumothorax or mediastinal emphysema after the placement of the coil. The vital signs of the beagle dogs were stable throughout the operation, and no operation-related or postoperative complications occurred. Conclusions: The robotic bronchoscope system can be used to locate and remove the spring coils from the peripheral lung of beagle dogs, and the procedure is simple and safe. It suggests that the robotic bronchoscopy system has great clinical significance in the sampling and diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Zhong
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Z Q Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - J J Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, BeiJing 100084, China
| | - G Z Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, BeiJing 100084, China
| | - S Y Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Wu PH, Dong C, Xie JX, Zhang XX, Liu J, Ouyang M, Ma JJ, Huang WH, Ou CX, Li J, Zhang QL. [Preliminary clinical observation of omalizumab therapy for moderate to severe asthma]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2021; 44:611-618. [PMID: 34256447 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20210315-00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To observe the effectiveness, safety and management of omalizumab therapy for moderate to severe asthma in real-world clinical practice in China. Methods: This retrospective analysis involved 79 patients with moderate to severe asthma who received omalizumab therapy for at least 4 months in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from March 2018 to April 2020. All participants were between 14 to 76 years old(median 50 years),including 30 males and 49 females. Data regarding the patients' clinical manifestations, eosinophil count, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), lung function, oral corticosteroid dosage, and adverse reactions were collected before and after treatment. Paired t-test or non-parametric paired Wilcoxon analysis was used for pairwise comparison, Mann Whitney analysis for inter-group comparison, and Chi square test or Fisher test for inter-group comparison of count data. Results: The following changes were noted after 4 months of omalizumab thearpy. The patients' Asthma Control Test (ACT) scores increased from 17.0 (13.0-19.0) to 20.0 (18.0-24.0) points (P<0.001). The frequency of acute exacerbations(AE) decreased from 1.0 (0-1.0) to 0 (0-1.0) episodes every 4 months (P<0.001). The variation rate of the peak expiratory flow (PEF) decreased from 16.5 (13.8-27.3)% to 10.4 (6.0-16.2)% (P<0.001). The percent predicted value of PEF (PEFpred%) increased from 71.7 (51.4-91.6)% to 87.5 (65.2-105.5)% (P<0.001). The percent predicted value of the forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV1%pred) increased from 73.6 (53.9-90.8)% to 80.6 (68.7-91.8)% (P=0.007). The maintenance dose of oral corticosteroids (OCS) decreased from 12.0 (10.0-20.0) to 5.0 (0-17.5) mg/day (P=0.001). After 4 months of treatment, the response rate of the 79 patients with asthma was 74.7%. The response rate of patients with allergic asthma (77.3%) was higher than that of patients with non-allergic asthma (25.0%) (P=0.019). Among 5 patients who completed 1 year of treatment, the ACT score, frequency of AE, PEFpred%, variation rate of PEF and OCS maintenance dose were still improved after 1 year of treatment. Adverse reactions occurred in 3 patients (3.8%), for a total of 3 (0.6%) times. Stratified analysis showed that after 4 months of treatment, the improvement in the ACT score and the decrease in the PEF variation rate among patients who reached the recommended treatment dose (full dose) [3.0 (1.0-8.0) points, 6.5 (3.5-15.8) %] were significantly higher than those among patients who did not reach the recommended treatment dose (insufficient dose) [1.0 (-0.3-3.0) points, 2.9 (1.5-5.0) %] (P<0.05). Additionally, the treatment response rate in patients with a sufficient dose (80.0%) was higher than that in patients with an insufficient dose (50.0%) (P=0.019).The main factors associated with stopping treatment within 1 year despite a response to omalizumab was economic burden (70.3%), followed by satisfactory improvement by self-evaluation (21.9%) and less improvement in symptoms than expected (7.8%). Conclusion: Omalizumab was an effective treatment for moderate to severe allergic asthma with few adverse effects. The response rate was higher when the recommended injection dose was achieved. Financial difficulty was the main reason for stopping treatment within 1 year despite a good therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Wu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - C Dong
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - J X Xie
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - X X Zhang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - J Liu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - M Ouyang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - J J Ma
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - W H Huang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - C X Ou
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Allergy, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Q L Zhang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Wang Z, Anagnost K, Barnes CW, Dattelbaum DM, Fossum ER, Lee E, Liu J, Ma JJ, Meijer WZ, Nie W, Sweeney CM, Therrien AC, Tsai H, Yue X. Billion-pixel x-ray camera (BiPC-X). Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:043708. [PMID: 34243488 DOI: 10.1063/5.0043013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The continuing improvement in quantum efficiency (above 90% for single visible photons), reduction in noise (below 1 electron per pixel), and shrink in pixel pitch (less than 1 μm) enable billion-pixel x-ray cameras (BiPC-X) based on commercial complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) imaging sensors. We describe BiPC-X designs and prototype construction based on flexible tiling of commercial CMOS imaging sensors with millions of pixels. Device models are given for direct detection of low energy x rays (<10 keV) and indirect detection of higher energies using scintillators. Modified Birks's law is proposed for light yield non-proportionality in scintillators as a function of x-ray energy. Single x-ray sensitivity and spatial resolution have been validated experimentally using a laboratory x-ray source and the Argonne Advanced Photon Source. Possible applications include wide field-of-view or large x-ray aperture measurements in high-temperature plasmas, the state-of-the-art synchrotron, x-ray free electron laser, and pulsed power facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehui Wang
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | | | - Cris W Barnes
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D M Dattelbaum
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Eric R Fossum
- Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - Eldred Lee
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Jifeng Liu
- Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - J J Ma
- Gigajot Technology, Pasadena, California 91107, USA
| | - W Z Meijer
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Wanyi Nie
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - C M Sweeney
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | | | - Hsinhan Tsai
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Xin Yue
- Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
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12
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Che NN, Ding GX, Chen SY, Li DS, Li X, Ma JJ, Yang HQ. [Measurement of corneal nerve fiber parameters in patients with Parkinson's disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:498-503. [PMID: 33631895 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200614-01851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristic changes of corneal nerve fibers in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) by corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) and investigate the association of corneal nerve fiber parameters with disease severity and motor symptoms. Methods: Forty-two patients with PD were recruited from the Department of Neurology, Henan University People's Hospital from June 2018 to October 2019. Meanwhile, 40 healthy controls who visited the hospital for physical examination at the same period were enrolled. Corneal nerve fibers in both eyes of all participants were detected by using CCM. The differences of corneal nerve fibers were comparatively analyzed between PD group and healthy controls. Associations of corneal nerve parameters with clinical characteristics such as course of disease, Hoehn and Yahr stage (H-Y stage), unified Parkinson disease rating scale (UPDRS), levodopa equivalent daily dosage (LEDD) were analyzed by using partial correlations. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the capability of corneal nerve fibers for distinguishing patients with PD from healthy controls. Results: Corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD) in PD group ((19±3)/mm2) was significantly decreased compared with healthy controls ((28±4)/mm2) (t=10.798, P<0.001). However, corneal nerve branch density (CNBD) was significantly increased in PD group ((25±11)/mm2) compared with healthy controls ((18±6)/mm2) (t=-3.427, P=0.001). Meanwhile, corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL) was decreased in PD group ((11.0±2.5) mm/mm2) in comparison with healthy controls ((12.5±1.6) mm/mm2) (t=3.139, P=0.002). ROC curve analysis revealed that CNFD could discriminate PD patients from healthy controls, with an area under the curve of 0.961 3 (95%CI: 92.42-99.84, P<0.000 1). CNFD was negatively correlated with H-Y stage and UPDRS-Ⅲ (r=-0.501 and -0.399, both P<0.05). CNBD was significantly negatively associated with H-Y stage, UPDRS-Ⅲ and UPDRS-Total (r=-0.622, -0.394 and -0.354, respectively, all P<0.05). CNFL was negatively correlated with H-Y stage, UPDRS-Ⅲ and UPDRS-total (r=-0.574, -0.484 and -0.422, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusion: Small nerve fiber injuries exist in PD patients. Corneal nerve fibers negatively correlates with motor symptoms. CNFD have a good discriminative power to distinguish PD patients from healthy controls and may serve as a marker for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Che
- Department of Neurology, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - G X Ding
- Department of Neurology, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - D S Li
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - J J Ma
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - H Q Yang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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Li LZ, Zhang YY, Cui XF, Ma JJ, Wang D, Zhang HJ. [The association between mesenteric fat hypertrophy and behavior and activity of Crohn's disease]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2020; 59:711-715. [PMID: 32838503 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20191213-00816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Mesenteric fat hypertrophy is present in about a quarter of Crohn's disease (CD) patients and it can be easily detected by bowel ultrasound (US). The purpose of this research was to assess the correlation between mesenteric fat hypertrophy and behavior and activity of CD. Methods: A total of 89 CD patients who admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from August 2018 to November 2019 were recruited in this study. The total CD patients were divided into two groups depending on with or without mesenteric fat hypertrophy by US tests. Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI), simplified endoscopic score for Crohn's disease (SES-CD), serum inflammatory indicators and fecal calprotectin were assessed. Results: Mesenteric fat hypertrophy was significantly associated with stricturing behavior (B2, P<0.01). CDAI (P=0.002) , blood platelet (P=0.001) , C-reactive protein (P=0.024) , fecal calprotectin (P=0.004) and bowel wall thickness (P<0.01) in patients with mesenteric fat hypertrophy were significantly higher than those without, but not the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P=0.110) and SES-CD (P=0.115) . Serum albumin (P=0.001) in patients with mesenteric fat hypertrophy was lower than that in patients without mesenteric fat hypertrophy. Conclusion: Mesenteric fat hypertrophy is correlated with intestinal stenosis and disease activity in patients with Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Z Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Y Y Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Jiangsu Province Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - X F Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - J J Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - D Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - H J Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
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Zheng MH, Sun J, Jiang TY, Ma JJ. [Scientific and technological innovation and achievement transformation promote the medical development]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 23:541-544. [PMID: 32521971 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200331-00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the worldwide adoption of minimally invasive surgery, innovation again becomes the theme. In the past hundred years, molecular biology technology, minimally invasive surgery technology, pharmaceutical research and therapies have been constantly innovated to promote the development of medicine. As the subject of medical innovation, the innovative idea from medical staff is also very important. For surgeons, the invention and improvement of a new operation or surgical instrument directly depends on curiosity and exploration. Whether a novel idea or technology can be transformed and used in clinical practice depends on its commercial prospects and the adjustment of macro health policies. The protection of intellectual property and appropriate distribution of interests are the key to ensure sustainable innovation. We should put scientific and technological innovation and achievement transformation in the important position of the "healthy China" strategy, take scientific and technological innovation as the basis and achievements transformation as the means, promote the development of China's health protection, implement the healthy China strategy, and make our own contribution to provide people with all-round health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Minimal Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J Sun
- Department of Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Minimal Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - T Y Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Minimal Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J J Ma
- Department of Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Minimal Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai 200025, China
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Ma JJ, Nakarmi U, Kin CYS, Sandino CM, Cheng JY, Syed AB, Wei P, Pauly JM, Vasanawala SS. DIAGNOSTIC IMAGE QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND CLASSIFICATION IN MEDICAL IMAGING: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES. Proc IEEE Int Symp Biomed Imaging 2020; 2020:337-340. [PMID: 33274013 PMCID: PMC7710391 DOI: 10.1109/isbi45749.2020.9098735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) suffers from several artifacts, the most common of which are motion artifacts. These artifacts often yield images that are of non-diagnostic quality. To detect such artifacts, images are prospectively evaluated by experts for their diagnostic quality, which necessitates patient-revisits and rescans whenever non-diagnostic quality scans are encountered. This motivates the need to develop an automated framework capable of accessing medical image quality and detecting diagnostic and non-diagnostic images. In this paper, we explore several convolutional neural network-based frameworks for medical image quality assessment and investigate several challenges therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Ma
- Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, California Institute of Technology
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University
| | | | | | | | | | - Ali B Syed
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University
| | - Peter Wei
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University
| | - John M Pauly
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University
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Ma JJ, Zang L, Yang ZY, Xie BW, Hong XZ, Cai ZH, Zhang LY, Yan C, Zhu ZG, Zheng MH. [Laparoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheter implantation in peritoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 22:774-780. [PMID: 31422617 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0274.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical value of laparoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheter implantation in peritoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis. Methods: From January 2019 to June 2019, the clinical data of 6 patients diagnosed as gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis were retrospectively analyzed in the Gastrointestinal Surgery Department of Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. Five were male and 1 was female. The median age was 69.5 (28-77) years. The median body mass index (BMI) was 22.8 (19.6-23.5). All procedures were performed under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. The patient's body position and facility layout in the operating room were consistent with those of laparoscopic gastrectomy. The operator's position: the main surgeon was located on the right side of the patient, the first assistant stood on the left side of the patient, and the scopist stood between the patient's legs. Surgical procedure: (1) trocar location: three abdominal trocars was adopted, with one 12 mm umbilical port for the 30° laparoscope (point A). Location of the other two trocars was dependent on the procedure of exploration or biopsy as well as the two polyester cuff position of the peritoneal dialysis catheter: Usually one 5 mm port in the anterior midline 5 cm inferior to the umbilicus point was selected as point B to ensure that the distal end of the catheter could reach the Douglas pouch. The other 5 mm port was located in the right lower quadrant lateral to the umbilicus to establish the subcutaneous tunnel tract, and the proximal cuff was situated 2 cm away from the desired exit site (point C).(2) exploration of the abdominal cavity: a 30° laparoscope was inserted from 12 mm trocar below the umbilicus to explore the entire peritoneal cavity. The uterus and adnexa should be explored additionally for women. Once peritoneal metastasis was investigated and identified, primary laparoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheter implantation was performed so as to facilitate subsequent peritoneal chemotherapy. Ascites were collected for cytology in patients with ascites. (3) peritoneal dialysis catheter placement: the peritoneal dialysis catheter was introduced into the abdominal cavity from point A. Under the direct vision of laparoscopy, 2-0 absorbable ligature was reserved at the expected fixation point of the proximal cuff (point B) for the final knot closure. Non-traumatic graspers were used to pull the distal cuff of peritoneal dialysis catheter out of the abdominal cavity through point B. The 5-mm trocar was removed simultaneously, and the distal cuff was fixed between bilateral rectus sheaths at the anterior midline port site preperitoneally. To prevent subsequent ascites and chemotherapy fluid extravasation, the reserved crocheted wire was knotted. From point C the subcutaneous tunnel tract was created before the peritoneal steath towards the port site lateral to the umbilicus. Satisfactory catheter irrigation and outflow were then confirmed. Chemotherapy regimen after peritoneal dialysis catheterization: all patients began intraperitoneal chemotherapy on the second day after surgery. On the 1st and 8th day of each 3-weeks cycle, paclitaxel (20 mg/m(2)) was administered through peritoneal dialysis catheter, and paclitaxel (50 mg/m(2)) was injected intravenously. Meanwhile, S-1 was orally administered twice daily at a dose of 80 mg·m(-2)·d(-1) for 14 consecutive days followed by 7-days rest. To observe the patients' intraoperative and postoperative conditions. Results: All the procedures were performed successfully without intraoperative complications or conversion to laparotomy. No 30 day postoperative complications were observed. The median operative time was 33.5 (23-38) min. The median time to first flatus was 1(1-2) days, and the median postoperative hospital stay was 3 (3-4) days, without short-term complications within 30 days postoperatively. The last follow-up was up to July 10, 2019, and the patients were followed for 4(1-6) months. No ascites extravasation was observed and no death occurred in the 6 patients. There was no catheter obstruction or peritoneal fluid extravasation during and after chemotherapy. Conclusion: Laparoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheter implantation was safe and feasible for patients with peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer. The abdominal exploration, tumor staging and the abdominal chemotherapy device implantation can be completed simultaneously, which could simplify the surgical approach, improve the quality of life for patients and further propose a new direction for the development of abdominal chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Minimal Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai 200025, China
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17
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Zheng MH, Ma JJ. [Prime of life for minimally invasive gastrointestinal and colorectal surgery]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 22:715-718. [PMID: 31422607 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0274.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
With the development in the past 20 years, minimally invasive gastrointestinal and colorectal surgery is now in its prime of life, with a high level in terms of surgical technique, surgical standardization, innovative technology and technical training. However, in the prime of life, in order to avoid the decline, we must meet new challenges. With the advent of the era of 5G and artificial intelligence, plus a series of changes in the internal and external environment, minimally invasive surgery, and even the entire surgery will have a major impact, including changes in treatment patterns, emphasis of multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment, changes in disease spectrum, and except neoplasms, more benign and functional diseases may require minimally invasive surgery. The gastrointestinal surgery specialist relying on "craft" will likely be replaced by an artificial intelligence surgical system. In the face of challenges, we should not forget our initial intentions, and should diligently reflect on ourselves, keeping the patient-centered minimally invasive treatment concept. Meanwhile, we should go to the basic hospitals to further establish a standardized training system, continue to maintain innovative thinking and keep pace with the times, so that we can grasp the prime of life for minimally invasive gastrointestinal and colorectal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Minimal Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai 200025, China
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Tian Y, Wang XH, Wu JP, Liu J, Ma JJ, Zheng M. [Evaluation of carotid plaque neovascularization in carotid stenosis by contrast-enhanced ultrasound]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:1656-1659. [PMID: 31189266 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.21.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The identification of neovascularization in carotid plaque in carotid artery stenosis by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) provides other risk markers for stroke besides carotid artery stenosis -intraplaque neovascularization. Methods: From January 2017 to September 2017, 40 patients with carotid atherosclerosis plaque were examined by contrast-enhanced ultrasound in China-Japanese Friendship Hospital. The enhancement intensity (EI) measured by contrast-enhanced ultrasound was compared with the micro-vessel density (MVD) measured by histopathology after carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound was used to observe whether there was enhancement in the plaque and the enhancement was divided into 0-2 grades. The EI in plaque, the ratio of EI in plaque to EI in carotid artery lumen were calculated by time intensity curve quantitative analysis software. Pathological sections of carotid plaques after CEA were stained with CD34 and neovascularization density was measured. Results: There were significant differences in age, EI1, EI1/EI2 and CD34 among patients with different grades of plaque enhancement (P<0.05), but no significant differences in gender and EI2 (P>0.05). The density of neovascularization obtained by CD34 staining was highly positively correlated with EI1 (r=0.836, P<0.001), EI1/EI2 (r=0.955, P<0.001), but not with age (r=0.066, P=0.684), EI2 (r=0.159, P=0.328). Conclusions: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can observe the neovascularization in carotid plaque, which is a simple and non-invasive method to evaluate the stability of carotid plaque. CEUS may also help to extract features of vulnerable plaques, such as acute intraplaque hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tian
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - X H Wang
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J P Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J J Ma
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - M Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
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Liu LH, Chen Z, Xiong YY, Fang JL, Li GH, Xu L, Zhang L, Ma JJ, Pan GH. [Clinical application of renal autotransplantation in complex urological diseases]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:907-911. [PMID: 30917439 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To summarize the experience of renal autotransplantation for severe iatrogenic proximal ureteral damage and renal artery aneurysms in eight patients and to explore the clinical application value of renal autotransplantation. Methods: Two patients of renal artery aneurysms and six patients of severe iatrogenic proximal ureteral damage between January 2010 and March 2018 in our center were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The procedures of eight cases were successful, with immediate return of renal function in the patients. The warm ischemia time was (3±1) minutes, the total operation time was (340±164) min, and the estimated blood loss was (180±60) ml, respectively. For renal artery anastomosis, six patients of severe iatrogenic proximal ureteral damage received end-to-end anastomosis between the internal iliac artery and renal artery, and two patients of renal artery aneurysms were treated with renal artery and internal iliac artery for reconstruction, then end-to-side anastomosis to recipien external iliac artery. A direct ureterovesical anastomosis was performed in seven patients, one patient was received pyeloureteroplasty. No serious complications of blood vessel and ureter were found during perioperative and long-term follow-up. All cases follow-up hitherto have normal renal function and blood pressure. Conclusions: Renal autotransplantation can be appropriate for patients with proximal ureteral loss and complex hilar renal artery aneurysms. In addition, it is able to protect renal functions to the most extent and provides a surgical alterative for complex renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Liu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 510260, China
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Wang L, Deng Y, Zhou XL, Ma JJ, Li W. First case of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome with desquamation associated with a novel mutation in the bromodomain of the CREBBP gene. Clin Exp Dermatol 2019; 44:e205-e208. [PMID: 30614040 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a rare congenital disorder, mainly characterized by postnatal growth retardation, intellectual disability, and facial and limb abnormalities. Although not considered as characteristic manifestations, numerous cutaneous anomalies have also been reported in patients with RSTS while there has been no report of desquamation so far in any patients with RSTS. We report an unusual case of RSTS in an 8-year-old boy who presented with the typical facial and limb abnormalities of RSTS accompanied with apparent hirsutism and desquamation, but without apparent intellectual disability. Whole exome sequencing identified a novel mutation in the bromodomain of CREBBP (c.3503A>G, p.N1168S), which was further confirmed by targeted Sanger sequencing in comparison with healthy controls. Our findings expand the spectra of genetic mutations and clinical presentations associated with RSTS, and underline the importance of maintaining high awareness of rare presentations and diagnostic difficulties in management of rare genetic diseases such as RSTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Deng
- National Office for Maternal and Child Health Surveillance of China, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology for Birth Defects, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - X-L Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J J Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - W Li
- Department of Dermatology, Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Chen Z, Lai XX, Zhang L, Fang JL, Ma JJ, Li GH, Xu L, Yin W, Guo YH. [Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in infected organ donors from donation after the citizen death]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:181-185. [PMID: 29374911 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in infected organ donors from donation after the citizen death (DCD). Methods: Clinical data of 217 DCD donors from January 2013 to June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.The phlegm, urine, blood and drainage fluid from all of the donors were routinely cultured.The infection rate of the donors, the composition ratio of pathogens and the distribution of specimen sources were observed and the drug resistance was analyzed. Results: Of all the 217 donors, 128 were infected and the infection rate was 59%.A total of 218 pathogens were isolated from these infected donors, including 55.5% (121/218) of gram-negative pathogens, 33.5% (73/218) of gram-positive pathogens followed by 11.0% (24/218) of fungi.The pathogenic specimens were mainly derived from sputum samples (72.5%), followed by urine (15.6%). The mainly two gram-negative pathogens were Klebsiella pneumonia and Acinetobacter baumannii.Klebsiella pneumonia exhibited varying degree of resistance to commonly used antibiotics, whereas susceptible to imipenem and meropenem.Acine-tobacterbaumannii was highly resistant to most of the antibiotics, and the drug resistance rate of imipenem and meropenem was over 60%, displaying a tendency of multi-drug resistance.Staphylococcus aureus, as the mainly gram-positive pathogen, was generally resistant to penicillin and clindamycin, but still sensitive to tovancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid. Conclusions: DCD donors have a high infection rate, and respiratory infection is most common. Gram-negative pathogens are the primary pathogens causing infection in DCD donors.Klebsiella pneumonia maintain susceptible to imipenem and meropenem, while Acinetobacter baumannii reveals a tendency of multi-drug resistance.Gram-positive pathogens are still sensitive to vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Chen
- Organ Transplant Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
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Ma JJ, Hao SL, Cheng XT, Yuan Y. [The clinical value of SUDOSCAN in diagnosis of diabetic distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 97:1170-1174. [PMID: 28427125 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.15.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of SUDOSCAN in diagnosis of diabetic distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy. Methods: According to the diagnostic criteria for multiple diabetic distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy, a total of 130 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between August 2015 and July 2016 were divided into two groups, diabetic peripheral neuropathy group (DPN group, 50 cases) and non-diabetic peripheral neuropathy group (NDPN group, 80 cases). Additional 80 healthy volunteers were selected as healthy control group (NC group). SUDOSCAN was employed to detect electrochemical skin conductance (ESC, the unit was μS) of subjects' hands and feet, and the correlation between sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) and ESC was analyzed as well. Results: The average hands ESC in NC and T2DM group were (79.1±10.4) μS and (59.7±18.1) μS, respectively; the average feet ESC were (82.0±8.2) μS and (62.1±21.8) μS, respectively (both P<0.01). The average hands ESC in DPN and NDPN group were (53.2±18.9) μS and (63.7±16.5) μS; the average feet ESC were (53.5±24.4) μS and (67.4±18.2) μS, respectively (both P<0.05). The hands and feet ESC were positively correlated with SCV, and the correlation coefficient were 0.425 and 0.445, respectively (both P<0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of hands and feet ESC to evaluate diabetic symmetrical peripheral polyneuropathy were 0.785 and 0.768 (both P<0.01). Conclusion: SUDOSCAN is a promising tool for the diagnosis of diabetic symmetrical peripheral polyneuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
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Wang XX, Ge SJ, Wang XL, Jiang LX, Sheng MF, Ma JJ. miR-218 tissue expression level is associated with aggressive progression of gastric cancer. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7521. [PMID: 27323107 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical significance of microRNA-218 (miR-218) in gastric cancer. We enrolled 112 patients having undergone surgery for gastric cancer between May 2008 and June 2014. Expression of miR-218 was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. We found that miR-218 expression was significantly downregulated in gastric cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.001). Low miR-218 expression was significantly associated with tumor differentiation (P < 0.001), depth of tumor invasion (P = 0.006), and tumor node metastasis stage (P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that patients with low miR-218 levels showed significantly lower 5-year overall survival than those demonstrating high expression (P = 0.04). Multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that low miR-218 expression constitutes an independent molecular biomarker for prediction of poor overall survival of gastric cancer patients (hazard ratio = 3.187, 95% confidence interval = 1.551-8.365, P = 0.037). In conclusion, miR-218 was remarkably downregulated in gastric cancer tissues and may serve as a prognostic biomarker for patients suffering from this disease.
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Li M, Gao WJ, Ma JJ, Zhu Y, Li XF. Relationship between urinary protein changes in lupus nephritis and renal pathology. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:8352-8. [PMID: 26345761 DOI: 10.4238/2015.july.28.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between urinary protein excretion in lupus nephritis New Zealand black mice and renal pathology. A total of 328 lupus nephritis New Zealand black mice were established by a backcross hybridization method, and renal pathology was determined. The urinary protein excretion of the backcross mice over 24 h was compared and analyzed. Urinary protein excretion over 24 h differed significantly across different pathological types (1.9, 2.4, 2.9 and 4.9 g in types II, III, IV, and V, respectively) in the backcross mice (P < 0.05). Moreover, it correlated with pathology grade (r = 0.391, P = 0.0001) as well as activity index, chronic index, renal tubular interstitial activity index, and renal tubular interstitial lesions (P < 0.05) but not with vascular lesions (P = 0.683). Urinary protein excretion from lupus nephritis is closely associated with renal pathology. Urinary protein changes can be used to determine lupus nephritis pathology and have some clinical significance for treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Qi Lu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - W J Gao
- Department of Ultrasonography, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - J J Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - X F Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Qi Lu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Qian ZS, Shan XY, Chai LJ, Ma JJ, Chen JR, Feng H. A universal fluorescence sensing strategy based on biocompatible graphene quantum dots and graphene oxide for the detection of DNA. Nanoscale 2014; 6:5671-4. [PMID: 24763693 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr06583a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel and efficient fluorescence sensing platform based on biocompatible graphene quantum dots and graphene oxide was established. It showed high selectivity and sensitivity for DNA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z S Qian
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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Ma JJ, Monsivais D, Dyson MT, Coon JS, Malpani S, Ono M, Zhao H, Xin H, Pavone ME, Kim JJ, Chakravarti D, Bulun SE. Ligand-activated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ modulates human endometrial cancer cell survival. Discov Oncol 2013; 4:358-70. [PMID: 23943160 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-013-0157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the fourth most common malignancy among women and is a major cause of morbidity contributing to approximately 8,200 annual deaths in the USA. Despite advances to the understanding of endometrial cancer, novel interventions for the disease are necessary given that many tumors become refractory to therapy. As a strategy to identify novel therapies for endometrial carcinoma, in this study, we examined the contribution of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ) to endometrial cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. We found that when activated with the highly selective PPARβ/δ agonists, GW0742 and GW501516, PPARβ/δ inhibited the proliferation and markedly induced the apoptosis of three endometrial cancer cell lines. The specificity of the PPARβ/δ-induced effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis was demonstrated using PPARβ/δ-selective antagonists and PPARβ/δ small interfering RNA in combination with PPARβ/δ-selective agonists. Furthermore, we showed that PPARβ/δ activation increased phosphatase and tensin homolog expression, which led to protein kinase B (AKT) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) dephosphorylation, and increased β-catenin phosphorylation associated with its degradation. Overall, our data suggest that the antitumorigenic effect of PPARβ/δ activation in endometrial cancer is mediated through the negative regulation of the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. These findings warrant further investigation of PPARβ/δ as a therapeutic target in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ma
- Division of Reproductive Biology Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 250 E. Superior Street, Suite 3-2306, Chicago, IL, 60611-02914, USA
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27
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Qiao D, Yang BY, Li L, Ma JJ, Zhang XL, Lao SH, Wu CY. ESAT-6- and CFP-10-specific Th1, Th22 and Th17 cells in tuberculous pleurisy may contribute to the local immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Scand J Immunol 2011; 73:330-7. [PMID: 21223348 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02512.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Th1 cell-mediated adaptive immune response is very important but may not be sufficient to control Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) infection. The roles of the various T cell subsets and cytokines in the inflammatory processes are not clearly elucidated. We investigated whether Th1, Th22 and Th17 cells mediated cellular immunity at the local site of M. tuberculosis infection in patients with tuberculous pleurisy (TBP). The results showed that the cytokines IFN-γ and IL-22 but not IL-17 were elevated in tubercular pleural fluid. Following stimulation with immune-dominant peptides of early secreted antigenic target-6 (ESAT-6), culture filtrate protein-10 (CFP-10) or Bacille Calmette-Guerin, pleural fluid mononuclear cells expressed high levels of cytokines IFN-γ, IL-22 and IL-17 as revealed by mRNA and protein measurements. In addition, we showed that cytokines IFN-γ, IL-22 and IL-17 were produced in M. tuberculosis-specific immune response by distinct subsets of CD4+ T cells with the phenotype of CD45RA-CD62L-CCR7+CD27+ . Our results demonstrated for the first time that ESAT-6- and CFP-10-specific Th1, Th22 and Th17 cells existed in the patients with TBP and might play an essential role against M. tuberculosis infection. The findings of this study raised the possibility of unravelling the critical targets for therapeutic intervention in chronic inflammatory diseases such as TBP.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antigens, Bacterial/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Bacterial Proteins/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression/genetics
- Gene Expression/immunology
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- Interferon-gamma/genetics
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interleukin-17/genetics
- Interleukin-17/metabolism
- Interleukins/genetics
- Interleukins/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Mycobacterium bovis/immunology
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology
- Pleural Effusion/immunology
- Pleural Effusion/metabolism
- Pleural Effusion/pathology
- Receptors, CCR7/metabolism
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/metabolism
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Th1 Cells/metabolism
- Th17 Cells/immunology
- Th17 Cells/metabolism
- Tuberculosis, Pleural/immunology
- Tuberculosis, Pleural/metabolism
- Young Adult
- Interleukin-22
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Affiliation(s)
- D Qiao
- Institute of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China Chest Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
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Abstract
Nicotine intensifies experimental gastric ulceration by reducing gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) and mucus. As both these parameters can be improved by nitric oxide (NO), we evaluated the impact of a NO donor in ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats administered nicotine. A nicotine solution or water was administered for 20 days to Sprague-Dawley rats. NO donor (isosorbide dinitrate) was given 60 and 10 min before preparation of ex vivo gastric chambers and exposure to ethanol. Chronic nicotine intake significantly reduced GMBF and gastric mucus content. Nicotine intensifies ethanol-induced gastric injury and short-term administration of NO donor failed to antagonize the ulcerogenic action from either nicotine or alcohol. In another study, rats drank nicotine solution for 20 days, after which the nicotine was withdrawn and replaced by water for 10 additional days. NO donor was provided during these last 10 days. The gastric effects of nicotine persisted for at least 10 days after nicotine was withdrawn but then these effects could be abolished by prolonged NO treatment. Nicotine reduces plasma nitrite level, but gastric mucosal MPO activity remained unchanged. Our data suggest that nicotine cessation plus a longer period of NO donor administration can completely abolish the gastric effects of nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to define and illustrate the radiologic findings in patients with enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli colitis. CONCLUSION Although not definitive, imaging studies in conjunction with an appropriate clinical history can aid in the early diagnosis of E. coli colitis and exclude surgical conditions. CT is more sensitive than conventional radiography for detection. Contiguous involvement, including the transverse colon, was seen in all patients. Because CT is becoming routine in the initial workup of patients with acute abdominal pain, it is important for the radiologist to suggest E. coli colitis in the proper setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Miller
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Medical School, 676 N. St. Clair St., Ste. 800, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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30
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Abstract
Human amniotic membrane (AM) is composed of three layers: a single epithelial layer, a thick basement membrane, and an avascular stroma. Amniotic membrane has anti-adhesive properties and is felt to promote epithelialization and decrease inflammation, neovascularization, and fibrosis. Amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) is currently being used for a continuously widening spectrum of ophthalmic indications. Amniotic membrane transplantation has been shown to be effective in the reconstruction of the corneal surface in the setting of persistent epithelial defects, sterile corneal ulcerations, and partial limbal stem cell (LSC) deficiency states, including those secondary to chemical or thermal burns. Amniotic membrane transplantation also has been used in conjunction with limbal stem cell transplantation (LSCT) both in a concurrent fashion as well as in preparation for LSCT. Amniotic membrane transplantation also has been used in place of conjunctival autografting after pterygium excision and to reconstruct the conjunctival surface after removal of conjunctival lesions. Most recently, ex vivo cultivation and expansion of limbal epithelial cells has been performed utilizing AM as a matrix. However, the superiority of AMT over other treatment modalities in many of these settings needs to be substantiated by controlled clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Sippel
- Cornea Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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31
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Abstract
Production of nitric oxide (NO) by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) has been proposed as a pathogenic factor in acute pancreatitis, but its role has still not been fully examined. The present study explored the role of iNOS in cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis using iNOS-deficient mice. Twelve- to 14-week-old male mice (C57B1/6 and iNOS-deficient) were administered cerulein by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection at hourly intervals for 7 hours and killed 24 hours later after the first dose. Pancreatic wet weight, pancreatic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and levels of plasma nitrite and serum amylase were measured. In another experiment isosorbide dinitrate (an NO donor) was given by oral gavage every 6 hours for 24 hours beginning simultaneously with cerulein injections in iNOS-deficient mice. Cerulein administration dose-dependently increased pancreatic wet weight, myeloperoxidase activity, and levels of nitrite and amylase in C57B1/6 mice. These parameters (except nitrite levels) were significantly intensified in iNOS-deficient mice. At the dose employed, cerulein failed to increase nitrite levels in iNOS-deficient mice. The susceptibility to cerulein toxicity in iNOS-deficient mice was abolished by NO donor treatment. NO release from an iNOS source appears to play a protective role in cerulein-induced pancreatitis. At least in part, NO may prevent neutrophil accumulation after cerulein administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Qui
- Medical Program, VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
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Abstract
Invasive aspergillosis is a rare but important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with AIDS. In the majority of patients, invasive aspergillosis involves the lungs. Extrapulmonary involvement with total splenic infarction has not been previously described. We illustrate a patient who developed total splenic infarction and septic emboli to the brain from Aspergillus.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Miller
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Medical School, 676 North St. Clair Street, Suite 800, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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33
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Abstract
Invasive aspergillosis is a rare but important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with AIDS. In the majority of patients, invasive aspergillosis involves the lungs. Extrapulmonary involvement with total splenic infarction has not been previously described. We illustrate a patient who developed total splenic infarction and septic emboli to the brain from Aspergillus.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Miller
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Medical School, 676 North St. Clair Street Suite 800, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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34
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Ma JJ, Nishimura M, Mine H, Saji H, Ohta M, Saida K, Ozawa K, Kawakami H, Saida T, Uchiyama T. HLA-DRB1 and tumor necrosis factor gene polymorphisms in Japanese patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 1998; 92:109-12. [PMID: 9916885 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(98)00189-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We studied genetic polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) region as well as HLA-DRB1 of 42 patients with Western-type multiple sclerosis (MS) and 38 with Asian-type MS in Japan. The sex ratio (Female:Male) was significantly higher in Asian than in Western type MS (3.8 vs. 1.3, P = 0.038). The frequency of HLA-DRB1 * 1501 allele in the Western-type MS group increased significantly compared with the control group, while Asian-type MS and control groups showed similar distribution in the frequencies of HLA-DRB1 alleles. No significant differences existed in the TNF region, however, including TNF-a microsatellite alleles. The results suggest that MS in Asians may present two different clinical and immunogenetic manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ma
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center, Utano National Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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35
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Ma JJ, Nishimura M, Mine H, Kuroki S, Nukina M, Ohta M, Saji H, Obayashi H, Kawakami H, Saida T, Uchiyama T. Genetic contribution of the tumor necrosis factor region in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Ann Neurol 1998; 44:815-8. [PMID: 9818939 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410440517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We studied genetic polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) region in 81 Japanese patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and 85 controls. A significantly higher frequency of the 100-base pair (bp) (TNFa2) allele of the TNFa microsatellite marker, which is associated with high TNF alpha production, existed in Campylobacter jejuni-positive (Cj+) GBS patients than in controls, suggesting the involvement of a genetic predisposition to high TNF alpha secretion in the development of C. jejuni-related GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ma
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center, Utano National Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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36
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Ma JJ, Nishimura M, Mine H, Kuroki S, Nukina M, Ohta M, Saji H, Obayashi H, Saida T, Kawakami H, Uchiyama T. HLA and T-cell receptor gene polymorphisms in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Neurology 1998; 51:379-84. [PMID: 9710006 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.51.2.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined a possible involvement of genetic factors influencing the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). METHODS We studied T-cell receptor (TCR), alpha-chain constant (AC), and beta-chain variable (BV) gene polymorphisms using microsatellite markers and serologic HLA class I antigens, HLA-DRB1, and HLA-DQB1 alleles in 81 Japanese patients with GBS and 87 controls. RESULTS There were no significant differences in these genetic markers between GBS patients and controls. Subgrouping of GBS patients according to recent Campylobacter jejuni infection, the presence of anti-GM1 antibody in the sera, or their combinations also failed to reveal significant associations with these genetic markers. There was, however, a tendency for an increased frequency of HLA-DRB1*0803 in the C. jejuni + GM1 + GBS group, when compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that the roles of TCRAC, T-cell receptor beta-chain variable (TCRBV), HLA class I or class II in the development of GBS are not critical, and further research is necessary to clarify other genes encoded within the HLA region for genetic susceptibility to GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ma
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center, Utano National Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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37
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Ma JJ, Li SA. [Correlation of nitric oxide and gastric ulcer]. Sheng Li Ke Xue Jin Zhan 1998; 29:260-3. [PMID: 12501649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
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38
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Dosher BA, Ma JJ. Output loss or rehearsal loop? Output-time versus pronunciation-time limits in immediate recall for forgetting-matched materials. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 1998. [PMID: 9530842 DOI: 10.1037//0278-7393.24.2.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Forgetting during recall may be one limit on memory span. Output time and accuracy of immediate serial recall using spoken and keypress responses were measured for digit, letter, and word sets approximately matched in phonemic discriminability and in immediate recognition memory. Nonetheless, the materials differed from one another in recall span, in output time during recall, and in pronunciation time (speech rate). Recall output times accounted precisely and completely for the measured memory span for these matched materials. Pronunciation times are correlated with recall output times, but output time gives a slightly better account of recall accuracy. The output time equivalent to the rule that short-term memory span corresponds to the number of items that can be said in about 1.5-2 s is that span corresponds to the number of items that can be recalled in about 4-6 s. Additional variations in span reflect differential item interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Dosher
- Department of Cognitive Science and Institute of Mathematical Behavioral Science, University of California, Irvine 92697-5100, USA.
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39
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Abstract
The effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage and on epithelial and vascular integrity were investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered with 5-HT (5 or 10 mg/kg, IP) 30 min prior to the challenge with ethanol (40% v/v, 10 ml/kg, PO). 5-HT dose dependently aggravated ethanol-induced injury in the gastric mucosa. Both xanthine oxidase (XO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities in the mucosa were significantly increased with the high dose of 5-HT, which also potentiated the elevation of these enzyme activities by ethanol. However, the mucosal superoxide dismutase activity was left unaltered. In neutropenic (antineutrophil serum-treated) animals, the ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury was significantly ameliorated, with or without the pretreatment of 5-HT (10 mg/kg). In addition, the effect of 5-HT on the activity of MPO, but not of XO, was also attenuated in these animals. In the ex vivo gastric chamber study on pentobarbital-anesthetized animals, volume of gastric secretion was significantly decreased in the 5-HT-treated groups, with further reduction after ethanol incubation. Transmucosal potential difference (PD) was significantly reduced in 5-HT-treated rats, which also potentiated the ethanol-induced drop in PD. Nevertheless, 5-HT dose dependently increased mucosal vascular permeability and further enhanced during ethanol incubation. These findings suggest that 5-HT adversely affects the defense mechanisms of the gastric mucosa by reducing the secretory function of the mucosal cells and to weaken the epithelial and vascular integrity. Neutrophil activation appears to be responsible for the detrimental effects of 5-HT partly through the elevation in MPO activity. The increase in mucosal XO activity by 5-HT may induce free radical production and possibly modulate the ulcerogenic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Ko
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China
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40
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Dosher BA, Ma JJ. Output loss or rehearsal loop? Output-time versus pronunciation-time limits in immediate recall for forgetting-matched materials. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 1998; 24:316-35. [PMID: 9530842 DOI: 10.1037/0278-7393.24.2.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Forgetting during recall may be one limit on memory span. Output time and accuracy of immediate serial recall using spoken and keypress responses were measured for digit, letter, and word sets approximately matched in phonemic discriminability and in immediate recognition memory. Nonetheless, the materials differed from one another in recall span, in output time during recall, and in pronunciation time (speech rate). Recall output times accounted precisely and completely for the measured memory span for these matched materials. Pronunciation times are correlated with recall output times, but output time gives a slightly better account of recall accuracy. The output time equivalent to the rule that short-term memory span corresponds to the number of items that can be said in about 1.5-2 s is that span corresponds to the number of items that can be recalled in about 4-6 s. Additional variations in span reflect differential item interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Dosher
- Department of Cognitive Science and Institute of Mathematical Behavioral Science, University of California, Irvine 92697-5100, USA.
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41
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Nishimura M, Nukina M, Kuroki S, Obayashi H, Ohta M, Ma JJ, Saida T, Uchiyama T. Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni isolates from patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. J Neurol Sci 1997; 153:91-9. [PMID: 9455985 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(97)00170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a major pathogen preceding Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and most C. jejuni isolates from GBS patients belong to Penner serotype 19 (heat-stable; HS-19). We analyzed sixteen independent clinical isolates from GBS patients, twelve of which belonged to HS-19, three to HS-2, and one to HS-4, using PCR-based RFLP analysis of a flagellin-A (flaA) gene. Two isolates from patients with Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS), and 27 from patients with uncomplicated enteritis were also examined. All HS-19 isolates, regardless of GBS, showed an identical pattern (Cj-1) by RFLP typing and were distinguishable from those of the other Penner serogroups. In contrast, HS-2 and HS-4 isolates were divided into several different RFLP groups, suggesting HS-19 strains are genetically distinctive among C. jejuni isolates. A DNA fingerprinting method also failed to detect any specific band pattern for GBS-related C. jejuni isolates. We examined relationships among anti-GM1 antibody titres in the sera of GBS patients, clinical forms of GBS, serotype of C. jejuni, and the presence of GM1-like structures in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) components from C. jejuni isolates by immunoblotting. HS-19 related GBS was significantly associated with elevated anti-GM1 antibody titers in the sera of the patients, but not associated with any clinical pattern of GBS. No significant correlations were found between anti-GM1 antibody and the pattern of disease, or between GBS-related C. jejuni strains and the presence of GM1-like structures. HS-19 strains seem to be unique among C. jejuni isolates, and HS-19-related GBS may provide an excellent model for clarification of the pathogenesis of GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nishimura
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Centre, Utano National Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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42
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O'Shea D, Morgan DG, Meeran K, Edwards CM, Turton MD, Choi SJ, Heath MM, Gunn I, Taylor GM, Howard JK, Bloom CI, Small CJ, Haddo O, Ma JJ, Callinan W, Smith DM, Ghatei MA, Bloom SR. Neuropeptide Y induced feeding in the rat is mediated by a novel receptor. Endocrinology 1997; 138:196-202. [PMID: 8977404 DOI: 10.1210/endo.138.1.4899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
There are now six recognized neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptor subtypes (Y1-Y4 and two recently cloned distinct receptors labeled Y5), of which Y1 and one of the Y5's have been suggested could mediate the effect of NPY on feeding. The fragments NPY(2-36) and NPY(3-36), which bind Y1 only poorly, were injected intracerebroventricularly (icv) and found to have similar dose-response relationships to NPY in the stimulation of feeding. However NPY (13-36), which stimulates both Y2 and Y5, caused no increase in food intake, even at high doses. Maximal stimulation with the classical Y1 agonist [Pro34]-NPY produced only 50% of the maximum effect of NPY itself despite fully inhibiting adenylyl cyclase activity in vitro in a Y1 system. The novel fragment [Pro34]-NPY(3-36) is as effective at stimulating food intake as the classical Y1 analogue [Pro34]-NPY but bound to the Y1 receptor with only 1/20th of the affinity of NPY and failed to inhibit adenylyl cyclase through this receptor. [Pro34]-NPY(3-36) is therefore a relatively appetite-selective ligand. Coadministration of high dose NPY(13-36) and [Pro34]NPY did not enhance feeding compared with [Pro34]-NPY alone. In addition, the NPY Y1 receptor antagonist BIBP-3226, which does not bind Y2, Y4, or Y5 receptors, significantly reduced NPY induced feeding. These results indicate that the feeding effect of icv NPY involves a novel receptor and that it is functionally distinct from the recognized receptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D O'Shea
- Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London, United Kingdom
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Nishimura M, Nukina M, Yuan JM, Shen BQ, Ma JJ, Ohta M, Saida T, Uchiyama T. PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and serotyping of Campylobacter jejuni isolates from diarrheic patients in China and Japan. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1996; 142:133-8. [PMID: 8810495 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1996.tb08420.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A molecular typing approach for Campylobacter jejuni was applied with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of a 702-bp PCR-amplified portion of the flagellin-A (flaA) gene. We analyzed a total of 179 strains, including 69 independent clinical isolates from diarrheic patients in Japan, 85 isolates in China, and 25 heat-stable (HS) serotype strains by Penner and Hennessy (1980) J. Clin. Microbiol. 12, 732-737). Six AfaI, seven MboI, and five HaeIII RFLPs were found in the 702-bp flaA segment from the 179 strains. Using a combination of these three enzymes, 25 separate RFLP groups were recognized. While 59 of 154 (38.3%) strains obtained in Japan and China were nontypeable by the HS antigenic scheme, all but two of 154 (98.7%) could be typed by RFLP typing. All 11 isolates of HS-19 strains, which are frequently isolated from Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) patients, showed an identical RFLP pattern (Cj-1), and Cj-1 consisted only of HS-19 strains. This suggests that the HS-19:Cj-1 strain is distinct among C. jejuni strains. This molecular typing method provides a rapid and reliable typing scheme for epidemiological studies of C. jejuni, and may also be useful for the analysis of C. jejuni subtypes from GBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nishimura
- Department of Neurology, Utano National Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the incidence of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) before and after the introduction of thiamine enrichment of bread flour in 1991. DESIGN Retrospective survey of hospital records. Patient records with the diagnostic codes for Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) or Korsakoff's psychosis (KP) were reviewed and details of acceptable cases were entered onto a data form. SETTING All 17 major public general hospitals in the Sydney area (New South Wales), between 1978 and 1993. OUTCOME MEASURES Numbers of confirmed or probable diagnoses of WE, KP or WKS and associated deaths, patient demographic and social characteristics and alcohol intake. RESULTS 1,267 patients with WKS were found, with 1,012 acute cases. Although numbers of acute cases may have started to fall before 1991, numbers for the last two years were the lowest of all the 16 years (P = 0.004). Cases of KP outnumbered those of WE by about 3:1 and men outnumbered women 4:1. The peak age was 60-64 years (17%) and beer was the most commonly cited alcoholic drink (71%). The red-cell transketolase test was seldom used for diagnosis (3% of acute cases). CONCLUSIONS The lower number of "acute" cases in 1992 and 1993 is consistent with a preventive effect of mandatory enrichment of bread with thiamine, but is not conclusive evidence. Longer follow-up of Sydney hospitals, results of postmortem examinations and follow-up in other areas of Australia are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ma
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Sydney, NSW
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Abstract
The time-course effects of portal hypertension on gastric secretory function, mucosal blood flow, vascular permeability, and ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage were examined in anesthetized rats. Partial ligation of the portal vein effectively produced portal hypertension one to three days later but the raised pressure returned to normal on the sixth day after ligation. This time-course effect coincided with reduced pepsin secretion and mucosal blood flow and also with potentiated ethanol-induced mucosal damage during the first to third days. These effects started to tail off on the sixth day. However, gastric acid output was significantly reduced on the third day, and this was strongest on the sixth day after operation. Portal vein ligation also reduced basal vascular permeability, which was markedly potentiated after ethanol treatment. It is concluded that: (1) portal vein blood pressure changes are a time-dependent process following ligation; (2) changes in gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) and lesion formation are closely related to portal hypertension; (3) gastric mucosal injury is associated with vascular damage, as evidenced by increased in vascular permeability; and (4) pepsin but not acid secretion is closely related to the state of the GMBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong
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Abstract
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae SOC8 DNA fragment was isolated as a wildtype dominant suppressor of the cdc8 mutation. The SOC8 has previously been proved to be allelic with URA6, encoding the UMP kinase in yeast cells. The protein has been purified to homogeneity. In this report, we describe the characteristics of the UMP kinase from yeast. The yeast enzyme requires a divalent cation and is active over the entire range of pH from 6 to 9.5. The enzyme can use UMP and dUMP as phosphate acceptors with high activity; to a lesser extent, it can also use IMP, GMP, dGMP, 5-iodo-dUMP, XMP, and dTMP as substrates. ATP and dATP are the best phosphate donors; the enzyme could use GTP, dGTP, dCTP, and dTTP to some degree (30-50%). CTP and UTP were poor phosphate donors for the UMP kinase reaction (10-14%). Like other monophosphate kinases, UMP kinase contains a conserved nucleotide-binding site at its N-terminus following a cysteine residue, and its enzymatic activity is inhibited by sulfhydryl inhibitors such as 5,5'-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) and N-ethylmaleimide. Subcellular localization studies indicate that the UMP kinase locates primarily in the cytoplasm (approximately 80%) and also in the nucleus (approximately 20%), but not in the mitochondria. These results suggest that it may exert its function in the nucleus, such as in RNA synthesis, as well as in the cytoplasm, but not in the mitochondria. The presence of UMP kinase in the nucleus might facilitate its suppression of cdc8 mutant cells, which are defective in nuclear DNA synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jong
- Department of Pediatrics and Microbiology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033
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Abstract
Twelve healthy adults and 12 epileptics had quantitative EEG tests while taking valproic acid. The results indicated that the total power of dominant frequency band and the frequency of dominant occipital rhythm were relatively stable in healthy awake adults. A single 400 mg oral dose of sodium valproate had similar influence on the total power of dominant frequency band in both healthy adults and epileptics. The total power of dominant frequency band tended to rise at 2 and 6 hours after medication in subjects with serum VPA concentrations reaching a peak after 2 hours. There was a tendency to rise at 4 and 8 hours in subjects with serum VPA concentrations which peaked after 4 hours. The curve of the total power with time had two peaks. A single oral dose of sodium valproate did not have a marked influence on the frequency of dominant rhythm in the occipital areas in healthy adults or in epileptics.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Beijing Medical University, China
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48
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Abstract
The effects of moxibustion on experimental hyperbilirubinemia and cholangitis were studied in male rats (n = 33). The experimental group were treated with moxibustion, 18, 12 and 6 hours prior to and 6, 12 and 18 hours after challenge with oral alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT, 100 mg per kg). Rats were sacrificed 48 hours after challenge. Serum and liver samples were taken for biochemical and histological analysis, respectively. The results revealed that rats treated with ANIT exhibited elevations in bilirubin, SGOT and SGPT as well as cholangitis. In rats receiving moxibustion and ANIT, biochemical and morphological parameters of liver injury were significantly reduced. Thus, this study shows that moxibustion therapy may be able to prevent ANIT-induced hyperbilirubinemia and cholangitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Yang
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan
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49
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Abstract
Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase is an enzyme which catalyzes the phosphorylation of nucleoside diphosphates into the corresponding triphosphates for nucleic acid biosynthesis. In this communication, we describe the purification and characterization of nucleoside-diphosphate kinase from yeast. The purified protein appears to be homogeneous by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel analysis, with a molecular weight of about 17,000-18,000. An estimate from the fast protein liquid chromatography Superose 12 gel filtration shows a native molecular weight of about 68,000 to 70,000. The results suggest that yeast nucleoside-diphosphate kinase is composed of four subunits. Substrate specificity studies show that the relative activity of nucleoside diphosphates (NDP) as phosphate acceptors is in the order of dTDP greater than CDP greater than UDP greater than dUDP greater than GDP greater than or equal to dGDP greater than dCDP greater than dADP greater than ADP; and the relative activity of triphosphate donors is in the order of UTP greater than dTTP greater than CTP greater than dCTP greater than dATP greater than ATP greater than or equal to dGTP greater than GTP. The Km and Vm of dTDP, dGDP, dCDP, dUDP, CDP, and UDP have been determined. The rate constant studies indicate that the purified NDP kinase prefers using, to a slight extent, dTDP (approximately 800 min-1) as the substrate rather than other tested deoxyribo- and ribonucleotides (350-450 min-1). The broad substrate specificity and kinetic data suggest that the enzyme is involved in both DNA and RNA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Y Jong
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033
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Abstract
The mechanism of transmission in skeletal muscle EC coupling is still an open question. There is some indirect evidence in favour of the mechanical coupling hypothesis, deriving mostly from consideration of the structure of the Ca2+ release channel protein. A new functional approach is proposed, that consists in comparing the properties of the complete system--EC coupling in a skeletal muscle fibre--with those of the EC coupling molecules in bilayers. In this approach, those properties of the whole system that are not traceable to its constitutive molecules, are ascribed to the physiological interaction, and are expected to yield new information on the nature of this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ríos
- Department of Physiology, Rush University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612
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