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Jen J, Hwang R, Mattei P. Post-discharge antibiotics do not prevent intra-abdominal abscesses after appendectomy in children. J Pediatr Surg 2023; 58:258-262. [PMID: 36428182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2022.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Perforated appendicitis is common in children, often associated with long hospital stays and high risk of complications. There has been much discussion regarding whether antibiotics prescribed after discharge might reduce the risk of intra-abdominal abscess. This study aims to evaluate whether giving post-discharge antibiotics after appendectomy for perforated appendicitis reduces the risk of abscess. METHOD After obtaining IRB approval, we reviewed the records of 363 patients who underwent appendectomy for perforated appendicitis at our tertiary pediatric institution from July 2015 to December 2021. Based on surgeon's preference, patients comprised two groups: those discharged with antibiotics (n = 86) or without antibiotics (n = 277). We compared post-discharge ED visits, 30-day readmissions, and SSI, analyzed with population proportion Z-tests with significance levels of 0.05. RESULTS Post-discharge organ-space infections occurred in 4/86 (4.7%) of those with antibiotics and 9/277 (3.2%) of those without (P = 0.54). Post-discharge ED visits occurred in 10/86 (11.6%) for those with antibiotics and 23/277 (8.3%) for those without (P = 0.35). Thirty-day readmissions occurred in 6/86 (7.0%) for those with antibiotics and 10/277 (3.6%) for those without (P = 0.18). Superficial and deep SSI occurred in 0/86 (0%) for those with antibiotics and 5/277 (1.8%) for those without (P = 0.21). CONCLUSION In children who underwent appendectomy for perforated appendicitis, antibiotics prescribed after discharge did not reduce the incidence of intra-abdominal abscess, ED visits, or SSI. Given appropriate clinical judgment, it is safe to discharge patients with perforated appendicitis home without antibiotics. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III treatment study: retrospective comparative study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Jen
- Department of Surgery, Mercy Catholic Medical Center, Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital, Darby, PA, United States.
| | - Rosa Hwang
- Division of General, Thoracic, and Fetal Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Peter Mattei
- Division of General, Thoracic, and Fetal Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Jen J, Phan H, Johnson B, Blyn C, Lavrich J, Mallem K, Pai PK, Krecioch P. Comparing weight loss outcomes after conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus duodenal switch from sleeve gastrectomy in a community hospital. Surg Endosc 2022:10.1007/s00464-022-09654-4. [PMID: 36197520 PMCID: PMC9533973 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-022-09654-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Recidivism after initial sleeve gastrectomy (SG) remains common. Revisional surgery to convert SG to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or duodenal switch (DS) for additional weight loss is increasing. This study aims to compare the outcomes after conversion of SG to RYGB or DS. Methods A retrospective single-institution review was conducted from 2015 to 2021, identifying 75 patients who underwent conversion from prior SG to either RYGB (40) or DS (35). Mean excess body weight loss (EBWL) at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months was assessed and compared. Secondary measures of length of stay (LOS), procedure length, and 30-day readmission rate were also reviewed. Results Percentage EBWL for RYGB vs DS was 24.0% vs 18.8% at 3 months (N = 36 vs 26; P < 0.0491), 34.8% vs 29.0% at 6 months (N = 29 vs 17; P < 0.2192), 43.0% vs 40.1% at 12 months (N = 28 vs 12; P < 0.6828), and 36.2% vs 41.7% at 24 months (N = 27 vs 7; P < 0.5553). Average LOS was 2.6 days ± 1.4 for RYGB and 2.8 days ± 1.3 for DS (P < 0.6032). Average procedure length was 134.4 min for RYGB and 189.8 min for DS (P < 0.0001). 30-day readmission rate was 27.5% (N = 11) for RYGB and 14.3% (N = 5) for DS (P < 0.1645). Significant weight loss was observed in both subgroups up to 12 months, with no significant weight loss between 12 and 24 months (RYGB N = 21, P < 0.2961; DS N = 5, P < 0.7233). Conclusion Both revisional RYGB and revisional DS procedures had significant and sustained weight loss in the first 12 months. There was no significant excess body weight loss difference between revisional RYGB and revisional DS patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, with only significant greater weight loss for RYGB patients at 3 months. Additionally, procedure length was significantly longer for DS compared to RYGB, with no significant differences in LOS and 30-day readmission rates. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Jen
- Department of Surgery, Mercy Catholic Medical Center, 1500 Lansdowne Avenue, Darby, PA, 19123, USA.
| | - Hau Phan
- Department of Surgery, Mercy Catholic Medical Center, 1500 Lansdowne Avenue, Darby, PA, 19123, USA
| | - Brett Johnson
- Department of Surgery, Mercy Catholic Medical Center, 1500 Lansdowne Avenue, Darby, PA, 19123, USA
| | - Corliann Blyn
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Janet Lavrich
- University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine, Biddeford, ME, USA
| | - Krishna Mallem
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Piotr Krecioch
- Department of Surgery, Mercy Catholic Medical Center, 1500 Lansdowne Avenue, Darby, PA, 19123, USA
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Li S, Tang K, Khodadadi-Jamayran A, Jen J, Han H, Guidry K, Chen T, Hao Y, Fedele C, Zebala J, Maeda D, Christensen J, Olson P, Athanas A, Wong K, Neel B. OA12.03 Combined Inhibition of SHP2 and CXCR1/2 Promotes Anti-Tumor T Cell Response in NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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4
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Jen J, Jang J, Zhang J, Tang A, Pierson K, Schrandt A, Xie H, Yang P, Mandreka S, Mansfield A. P1.01-45 A NGS-Based ctDNA Test to Monitor Disease Progression and Treatment Response in Advanced Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wang L, Dehm SM, Hillman DW, Sicotte H, Tan W, Gormley M, Bhargava V, Jimenez R, Xie F, Yin P, Qin S, Quevedo F, Costello BA, Pitot HC, Ho T, Bryce AH, Ye Z, Li Y, Eiken P, Vedell PT, Barman P, McMenomy BP, Atwell TD, Carlson RE, Ellingson M, Eckloff BW, Qin R, Ou F, Hart SN, Huang H, Jen J, Wieben ED, Kalari KR, Weinshilboum RM, Wang L, Kohli M. A prospective genome-wide study of prostate cancer metastases reveals association of wnt pathway activation and increased cell cycle proliferation with primary resistance to abiraterone acetate-prednisone. Ann Oncol 2019; 29:352-360. [PMID: 29069303 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genomic aberrations have been identified in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), but molecular predictors of resistance to abiraterone acetate/prednisone (AA/P) treatment are not known. Patients and methods In a prospective clinical trial, mCRPC patients underwent whole-exome sequencing (n = 82) and RNA sequencing (n = 75) of metastatic biopsies before initiating AA/P with the objective of identifying genomic alterations associated with resistance to AA/P. Primary resistance was determined at 12 weeks of treatment using criteria for progression that included serum prostate-specific antigen measurement, bone and computerized tomography imaging and symptom assessments. Acquired resistance was determined using the end point of time to treatment change (TTTC), defined as time from enrollment until change in treatment from progressive disease. Associations of genomic and transcriptomic alterations with primary resistance were determined using logistic regression, Fisher's exact test, single and multivariate analyses. Cox regression models were utilized for determining association of genomic and transcriptomic alterations with TTTC. Results At 12 weeks, 32 patients in the cohort had progressed (nonresponders). Median study follow-up was 32.1 months by which time 58 patients had switched treatments due to progression. Median TTTC was 10.1 months (interquartile range: 4.4-24.1). Genes in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway were more frequently mutated and negative regulators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling were more frequently deleted or displayed reduced mRNA expression in nonresponders. Additionally, mRNA expression of cell cycle regulatory genes was increased in nonresponders. In multivariate models, increased cell cycle proliferation scores (≥ 50) were associated with shorter TTTC (hazard ratio = 2.11, 95% confidence interval: 1.17-3.80; P = 0.01). Conclusions Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation and increased cell cycle progression scores can serve as molecular markers for predicting resistance to AA/P therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences, Rochester, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - S M Dehm
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA; Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - D W Hillman
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences, Rochester, USA
| | - H Sicotte
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences, Rochester, USA
| | - W Tan
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, USA
| | - M Gormley
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, Philadelphia, USA
| | - V Bhargava
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, Philadelphia, USA
| | - R Jimenez
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - F Xie
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - P Yin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - S Qin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - F Quevedo
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - B A Costello
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - H C Pitot
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - T Ho
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, USA
| | - A H Bryce
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, USA
| | - Z Ye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - Y Li
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences, Rochester, USA
| | - P Eiken
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - P T Vedell
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences, Rochester, USA
| | - P Barman
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences, Rochester, USA
| | - B P McMenomy
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - T D Atwell
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - R E Carlson
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences, Rochester, USA
| | - M Ellingson
- Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - B W Eckloff
- Medical Genome Facility, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - R Qin
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences, Rochester, USA
| | - F Ou
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences, Rochester, USA
| | - S N Hart
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences, Rochester, USA
| | - H Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - J Jen
- Medical Genome Facility, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA; Division of Experimental Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - E D Wieben
- Medical Genome Facility, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - K R Kalari
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences, Rochester, USA
| | - R M Weinshilboum
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - L Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA.
| | - M Kohli
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA.
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Mansfield A, Ren H, Sutor S, Dronca R, Park S, Markovic S, Nevala W, Jen J, Aubry M, Dong H. OA 13.07 Contraction of T Cell Clonality in Lung Cancer Metastases. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chabon J, Chaudhuri A, Azad T, Kurtz D, Stehr H, Liu C, Martin JS, Merriott D, Carter J, Ayers K, Mansfield A, Jen J, Ren H, West R, Nair V, Shrager J, Neal J, Wakelee H, Loo B, Alizadeh A, Diehn M. MA 13.01 Clinical and Pathological Variables Influencing Noninvasive Detection of Early Stage Lung Cancer Using Circulating Tumor DNA. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hu G, Dasari S, Asmann YW, Greipp PT, Knudson RA, Benson HK, Li Y, Eckloff BW, Jen J, Link BK, Jiang L, Sidhu JS, Wellik LE, Witzig TE, Bennani NN, Cerhan JR, Boddicker RL, Feldman AL. Targetable fusions of the FRK tyrosine kinase in ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2017; 32:565-569. [PMID: 29026208 PMCID: PMC5803446 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - S Dasari
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Y W Asmann
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - P T Greipp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Medical Genome Facility, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R A Knudson
- Medical Genome Facility, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - H K Benson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Y Li
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - B W Eckloff
- Medical Genome Facility, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J Jen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - B K Link
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - L Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - J S Sidhu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, United Health Services Hospitals, Johnson City/Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - L E Wellik
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - T E Witzig
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - N N Bennani
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J R Cerhan
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R L Boddicker
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - A L Feldman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Jen J, Lin LL, Lo FY, Chen HT, Liao SY, Tang YA, Su WC, Salgia R, Hsu CL, Huang HC, Juan HF, Wang YC. Oncoprotein ZNF322A transcriptionally deregulates alpha-adducin, cyclin D1 and p53 to promote tumor growth and metastasis in lung cancer. Oncogene 2017. [PMID: 28628114 PMCID: PMC5596203 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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10
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Liao SY, Chiang CW, Hsu CH, Chen YT, Jen J, Juan HF, Lai WW, Wang YC. CK1δ/GSK3β/FBXW7α axis promotes degradation of the ZNF322A oncoprotein to suppress lung cancer progression. Oncogene 2017; 36:5722-5733. [PMID: 28581525 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of Cys2His2 zinc-finger 322A (ZNF322A) oncogenic transcription factor is associated with lung tumorigenesis. However, the mechanism of ZNF322A overexpression remains poorly understood. Here, we discover that protein stability of ZNF322A is regulated by coordinated phosphorylation and ubiquitination through the CK1δ/GSK3β/FBXW7α axis. CK1δ and GSK3β kinases sequentially phosphorylate ZNF322A at serine-396 and then serine-391. Moreover, the doubly phosphorylated ZNF322A protein creates a destruction motif for the ubiquitin ligase FBXW7α leading to ZNF322A protein destruction. Overexpression of FBXW7α induces ZNF322A protein degradation, thereby blocks ZNF322A transcription activity and suppresses ZNF322A-induced tumor growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Clinically, overexpression of ZNF322A correlates with low FBXW7α or defective CK1δ/GSK3β-mediated phosphorylation in lung cancer patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicates that patients with ZNF322A high/FBXW7 low expression profile can be used as an independent factor to predict the clinical outcome in lung cancer patients. Our results reveal a new mechanism of ZNF322A oncoprotein destruction regulated by the CK1δ/GSK3β/FBXW7α axis. Deregulation of this signaling axis results in ZNF322A overexpression and promotes cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Y Liao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - C-W Chiang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - C-H Hsu
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-T Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - J Jen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - H-F Juan
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W-W Lai
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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11
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Boddicker R, Hu G, Dasari S, Asmann Y, Greipp P, Knudson R, Eckloff B, Jen J, Link B, Bennani N, Cerhan J, Feldman A. TARGETABLE FUSIONS OF THE FRK TYROSINE KINASE IN ALK-NEGATIVE ANAPLASTIC LARGE CELL LYMPHOMA. Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2437_45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R.L. Boddicker
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - G. Hu
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - S. Dasari
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - Y.W. Asmann
- Department of Health Sciences Research; Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville Florida USA
| | - P.T. Greipp
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - R.A. Knudson
- Medical Genome Facility; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - B.W. Eckloff
- Medical Genome Facility; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - J. Jen
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - B.K. Link
- Department of Internal Medicine; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - N. Bennani
- Division of Hematology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - J.R. Cerhan
- Department of Health Sciences Research; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - A.L. Feldman
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota USA
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Tseng HY, Chen YA, Jen J, Shen PC, Chen LM, Lin TD, Wang YC, Hsu HL. Oncogenic MCT-1 activation promotes YY1-EGFR-MnSOD signaling and tumor progression. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e313. [PMID: 28394354 PMCID: PMC5520490 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells often produce high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and display an increased ROS scavenging system. However, the molecular mechanism that balances antioxidative and oxidative stress in cancer cells is unclear. Here, we determined that oncogenic multiple copies in T-cell malignancy 1 (MCT-1) activity promotes the generation of intracellular ROS and mitochondrial superoxide. Overexpression of MCT-1 suppresses p53 accumulation but elevates the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) level via the YY1-EGFR signaling cascade, which protects cells against oxidative damage. Conversely, restricting ROS generation and/or targeting YY1 in lung cancer cells effectively inhibits the EGFR-MnSOD signaling pathway and cell invasiveness induced by MCT-1. Significantly, MCT-1 overexpression in lung cancer cells promotes tumor progression, necrosis and angiogenesis, and increases the number of tumor-promoting M2 macrophages and cancer-associated fibroblasts in the microenvironment. Clinical evidence further confirms that high expression of MCT-1 is associated with an increase in YY1, EGFR and MnSOD expression, accompanied by tumor recurrence, poor overall survival and EGFR mutation status in patients with lung cancers. Together, these data indicate that the MCT-1 oncogenic pathway is implicated in oxidative metabolism and lung carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-Y Tseng
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Y-A Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - J Jen
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - P-C Shen
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - L-M Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - T-D Lin
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - H-L Hsu
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
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13
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Jen J, Lin LL, Lo FY, Chen HT, Liao SY, Tang YA, Su WC, Salgia R, Hsu CL, Huang HC, Juan HF, Wang YC. Oncoprotein ZNF322A transcriptionally deregulates alpha-adducin, cyclin D1 and p53 to promote tumor growth and metastasis in lung cancer. Oncogene 2017; 36:4526. [PMID: 28368404 PMCID: PMC5543253 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.296.
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14
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Mansfield AS, Murphy SJ, Harris FR, Robinson SI, Marks RS, Johnson SH, Smadbeck JB, Halling GC, Yi ES, Wigle D, Vasmatzis G, Jen J. Chromoplectic TPM3-ALK rearrangement in a patient with inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor who responded to ceritinib after progression on crizotinib. Ann Oncol 2016; 27:2111-2117. [PMID: 27742657 PMCID: PMC5091324 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceritinib resulted in a significant, durable response of a metastatic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) after failure of crizotinib. A chromoplectic TPM3–ALK rearrangement involving many known oncogenes was found in the residual IMT. Ceritinib may be useful for patients with IMT after failure of crizotinib, and chromoplexy may have a role in the oncogenesis or treatment resistance of IMTs. Background Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are rare sarcomas that can occur at any age. Surgical resection is the primary treatment for patients with localized disease; however, these tumors frequently recur. Less commonly, patients with IMTs develop or present with metastatic disease. There is no standard of care for these patients and traditional cytotoxic therapy is largely ineffective. Most IMTs are associated with oncogenic ALK, ROS1 or PDGFRβ fusions and may benefit from targeted therapy. Patient and methods We sought to understand the genomic abnormalities of a patient who presented for management of metastatic IMT after progression of disease on crizotinib and a significant and durable partial response to the more potent ALK inhibitor ceritinib. Results The residual IMT was resected based on the recommendations of a multidisciplinary tumor sarcoma tumor board and analyzed by whole-genome mate pair sequencing. Analysis of the residual, resected tumor identified a chromoplectic TPM3–ALK rearrangement that involved many other known oncogenes and was confirmed by rtPCR. Conclusions In our analysis of the treatment-resistant, residual IMT, we identified a complex pattern of genetic rearrangements consistent with chromoplexy. Although it is difficult to know for certain if these chromoplectic rearrangements preceded treatment, their presence suggests that chromoplexy has a role in the oncogenesis of IMTs. Furthermore, this patient's remarkable response suggests that ceritinib should be considered as an option after progression on crizotinib for patients with metastatic or unresectable IMT and ALK mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Mansfield
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology
| | - S J Murphy
- Biomarker Discovery Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine
| | - F R Harris
- Biomarker Discovery Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine
| | - S I Robinson
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology
| | - R S Marks
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology
| | - S H Johnson
- Biomarker Discovery Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine
| | - J B Smadbeck
- Biomarker Discovery Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine
| | - G C Halling
- Biomarker Discovery Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine
| | - E S Yi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | | | - G Vasmatzis
- Biomarker Discovery Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine
| | - J Jen
- Division of Experimental Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology.,Medical Genome Facility.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
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15
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Abstract
We present genetically identical twin patients who experienced late-onset migraine with visual and somatosensory auras and later developed hemiplegic migraines associated with severe cortical oedema and enhancement. Both positron emission tomography and electroencephalography showed an increase in activity contralateral to the hemiplegic side. Brain biopsy during the attack showed reactive astrogliosis and microgliosis. Mutations in CACNA1A, ATP1A2, SLC1A3 and NOTCH3 were ruled out by sequencing. This report shows the clinical and genetic evaluation of a severe form of familial hemiplegic migraine as well as the evolution of the imaging changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-H Cha
- Department of Neurology, University of California-Los Angeles, 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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16
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Mitra AK, Mukherjee UK, Harding T, Jang JS, Stessman H, Li Y, Abyzov A, Jen J, Kumar S, Rajkumar V, Van Ness B. Single-cell analysis of targeted transcriptome predicts drug sensitivity of single cells within human myeloma tumors. Leukemia 2015; 30:1094-102. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Jen J, Lin LL, Chen HT, Liao SY, Lo FY, Tang YA, Su WC, Salgia R, Hsu CL, Huang HC, Juan HF, Wang YC. Oncoprotein ZNF322A transcriptionally deregulates alpha-adducin, cyclin D1 and p53 to promote tumor growth and metastasis in lung cancer. Oncogene 2015; 35:2357-69. [PMID: 26279304 PMCID: PMC4865475 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
ZNF322A encoding a classical Cys2His2 zinc finger transcription factor was previously revealed as a potential oncogene in lung cancer patients. However, the oncogenic role of ZNF322A and its underlying mechanism in lung tumorigenesis remain elusive. Here we show ZNF322A protein overexpression in 123 Asian and 74 Caucasian lung cancer patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that ZNF322A was an independent risk factor for a poor outcome in lung cancer, corroborating the Kaplan–Meier results that patients with ZNF322A protein overexpression had significantly poorer overall survival than other patients. Overexpression of ZNF322A promoted cell proliferation and soft agar growth by prolonging cell cycle in S phase in multiple lung cell lines, including the immortalized lung cell BEAS-2B. In addition, ZNF322A overexpression enhanced cell migration and invasion, whereas knockdown of ZNF322A reduced cell growth, invasion and metastasis abilities in vitro and in vivo. Quantitative proteomic analysis revealed potential ZNF322A-regulated downstream targets, including alpha-adducin (ADD1), cyclin D1 (CCND1), and p53. Using luciferase promoter activity assay combined with site-directed mutagenesis and sequential chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR assay, we found that ZNF322A could form a complex with c-Jun and cooperatively activate ADD1 and CCND1 but repress p53 gene transcription by recruiting differential chromatin modifiers, such as histone deacetylase 3, in an AP-1 element dependent manner. Reconstitution experiments indicated that CCND1 and p53 were important to ZNF322A-mediated promotion of cell proliferation, whereas ADD1 was necessary for ZNF322A-mediated cell migration and invasion. Our results provide compelling evidence that ZNF322A overexpression transcriptionally dysregulates genes involved in cell growth and motility therefore contributes to lung tumorigenesis and poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - L-L Lin
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H-T Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - S-Y Liao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - F-Y Lo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Y-A Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - W-C Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - R Salgia
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C-L Hsu
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H-C Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H-F Juan
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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18
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Allen M, Zou F, Chai HS, Younkin C, Crook J, Pankratz V, Carrasquillo M, Rowley C, Nair A, Middha S, Maharjan S, Nguyen T, Ma L, Malphrus K, Palusak R, Lincoln S, Bisceglio G, Georgescu C, Kolbert C, Jen J, Petersen R, Graff-Radford N, Dickson D, Younkin S, Taner N. Novel Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Loci Variants Associate with Brain Gene Expression (S54.001). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s54.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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19
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Taner N, Zou F, Chai HS, Younkin C, Crook J, Pankratz V, Allen M, Carrasquillo M, Rowley C, Nair A, Middha S, Maharjan S, Nguyen T, Ma L, Malphrus K, Palusak R, Lincoln S, Bisceglio G, Georgescu C, Kouri N, Kolbert C, Jen J, Petersen R, Graff-Radford N, Dickson D, Younkin S. Novel Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) Risk Loci Variants Associate with Brain Gene Expression Levels (S54.002). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s54.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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20
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Graves T, Fialho D, Smith S, Cha YH, Amato A, Griggs R, Bundy B, Jen J, Baloh R, Hanna M. EEG Abnormalities in the Episodic Ataxias (P05.029). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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21
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Taner N, Zou F, Chai HS, Younkin C, Crook J, Pankratz V, Allen M, Carrasquillo M, Rowley C, Nair A, Middha S, Maharjan S, Nguyen T, Ma L, Malphrus K, Palusak R, Lincoln S, Bisceglio G, Georgescu C, Kouri N, Kolbert C, Jen J, Petersen R, Graff-Radford N, Dickson D, Younkin S. Brain Expression Genome-Wide Association Study (eGWAS) Identifies Human Disease-Associated Variants (P05.069). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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22
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Graves T, Cha YH, Hahn A, Barohn R, Amato A, Griggs R, Bundy B, Jen J, Baloh R, Hanna M. Episodic Ataxia Type 1: Characterization of the Disease and Its Effect on Quality of Life (S12.005). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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23
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Gill RK, Yang SH, Meerzaman D, Mechanic LE, Bowman ED, Jeon HS, Roy Chowdhuri S, Shakoori A, Dracheva T, Hong KM, Fukuoka J, Zhang JH, Harris CC, Jen J. Frequent homozygous deletion of the LKB1/STK11 gene in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncogene 2011; 30:3784-91. [PMID: 21532627 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
LKB1/STK11 is a tumor suppressor and a negative regulator of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling. It is inactivated in 30% of lung cancer cell lines but only 5-15% of primary lung adenocarcinomas. There is evidence that homozygous deletion (HD) of chromosome 19p at the LKB locus contributes to the inactivation of the gene in primary human lung cancers. Here, we used several complementary genetic approaches to assess the LKB1 locus in primary non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). We first analyzed 124 NSCLC cases for allelic imbalance using eight microsatellite markers on chromosome 19p, which revealed an overall rate of 65% (80 of 124) loss of heterozygosity (LOH). We next used chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) to directly examine the chromosomal status of the LKB1 locus. In all, 65 of 124 LOH tested samples were available for CISH and 58 of those (89%) showed either loss of one copy of chromosome 19p (LOH, 40 of 65 cases, 62%) or both copies (HD 18 of 65 cases, 28%). The occurrence of HD was significantly more frequent in Caucasian (35%) than in African-American patients (6%) (P=0.04). A total of 62 of 124 samples with LOH at one or both markers immediately flanking the LKB1 gene were further analyzed by directly sequencing the complete coding region, which identified 7 of 62 (11%) tumors with somatic mutations in the gene. Jointly, our data identified total inactivation of the LKB1 gene by either HD or LOH with somatic mutation in 39% of tested samples, whereas loss of chromosome 19p region by HD or LOH at the LKB1 region occured in 90% of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Gill
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Bethesda, MD, USA
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24
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Labropoulos N, Jen J, Jen H. Recurrent Deep Vein Thrombosis: Long-Term Incidence and Natural History. J Vasc Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2010.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Salamon N, Sicotte N, Drain A, Frew A, Alger JR, Jen J, Perlman S, Salamon G. White matter fiber tractography and color mapping of the normal human cerebellum with diffusion tensor imaging. J Neuroradiol 2007; 34:115-28. [PMID: 17481730 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2007.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) color mapping and fiber tractography was used to study the white matter within the cerebellum along with the afferent and efferent tracts associated with the cerebellum in 24 normal human subjects. The most prominent structures that can be readily identified using these DTI techniques are the middle, inferior and superior cerebellar peduncles. Furthermore DTI shows transverse white matter fiber that cross between the two cerebellar hemispheres at the level of the vermis. At the hemispheric level fibers to the dentate, to the emboliform nuclei are clearly visible on DTI as is the afferent pathway represented by the middle cerebellar peduncle. Selective DTI fiber tractography provides very exquisite images of the cerebellar peduncles and of the fibers projecting to and from the cerebellar cortex. This study demonstrates that DTI is complementary to conventional MRI in that DTI elucidates the orientation of white matter fiber bundles that are associated with the cerebellum. Therefore we anticipate that DTI will become an important adjunct to conventional MRI for clinical and basic studies of cerebellar ataxias and congenital disorders involving the cerebellum and brain stem. This work provides a summary of the normal DTI appearance of the cerebellar white matter which will be useful for interpreting DTI results in clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Salamon
- Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Medical Center, 10833 Le Conte avenue, BL-428 CHS 951721, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1721, USA.
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26
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Abstract
Hereditary endotheliopathy with retinopathy, nephropathy, and stroke (HERNS) is an autosomally dominant inherited, multisystemic disease presenting with leukoencephalopathy, progressive visual loss, and nephropathy. Furthermore, psychiatric symptoms and migraine may occur. Magnetic resonance imaging has identified contrast-enhancing cerebral lesions with surrounding vasogenic edema. Electron microscopy has shown alterations in the arterioles and capillaries consisting of multilayered basement membranes in brain, kidney, and skin biopsies. Linkage analysis has mapped the disease locus to chromosome 3p21. At the present time, no effective treatment is known. This article gives a summary of the clinical, morphological, genetical, and pathological characteristics of HERNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Seifried
- Klinik für Neurologie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt/Main
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27
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Kelley L, Baloh RW, Jen J. 363 VERTIGO, SENSORY COMPLAINTS, VISUAL AURA, AND MIGRAINE HEADACHES IN A LARGE FAMILY. J Investig Med 2006. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.x0004.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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28
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Jen J. P-250 Chromosomal amplification as a molecular marker to predict neoplastic potential in fine needle aspiration biopsies of spiral CT identified small lung modules. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80744-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Fukuoka J, Dracheva T, Shih J, Hewitt S, Shilo K, Franks T, Travis W, Jen J. PD-009 Desmoglein 3 as a prognostic indicator in lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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Wangu Z, Trees N, Jen J, Baloh RW. FAMILIAL BENIGN RECURRENT VERTIGO AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO MIGRAINE: CLINICAL DESCRIPTIONS OF EIGHT FAMILIES. J Investig Med 2005. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.00005.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Paravar T, Baloh RW, Jen J, Perlman S. 34 FAMILIAL LATE-ONSET SPEECH SLURRING AND IMBALANCE. J Investig Med 2005. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.00005.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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32
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and pathologic features of a new dominantly inherited audiovestibular syndrome. METHODS History, examination, and audiometric testing in the proband, brother, and son; quantitative rotational testing in the proband and son; histopathology of the cochlea and vestibular labyrinth in the proband; sequencing candidate genes COCH and MYO7A in the brother and son. RESULTS Affected family members developed slowly progressive hearing loss beginning in their late 30s and progressive imbalance in their early 70s. Three of four affected had brief (minutes) episodes of vertigo typically occurring a few times per year. Auditory and vestibular function testing documented a slowly progressive loss of auditory and vestibular function. Postmortem examination showed a loss of hair cells in the cochlea and vestibular receptor organs. There were no cellular infiltrates or acidophilic deposits. No mutations were found in the COCH or MYO7A genes. CONCLUSIONS This dominantly inherited audiovestibular syndrome results in a selective loss of hair cells in the auditory and vestibular end organs. Finding the causative gene could have important implications for understanding the pathophysiology of presbycusis and dysequilibrium of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ishiyama
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1769, USA
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33
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Abstract
Episodic ataxia type1 (EA1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterised by episodes of ataxia, dysarthria, tremor and visual disturbances lasting for seconds or minutes, precipitated by physical and emotional stress, startle or sudden movements. In addition there is continuous myokymia. Phenotypic variants such as the combination with epilepsy, shortening of the Achilles tendon in children, transient postural abnormalities in infancy, and a very few patients with longer lasting episodes have been reported. We describe a 10-year-old girl with EA1 who has distal weakness with paresis of the extensors of the feet and prolonged spells of limb stiffness (neuromyotonia) lasting up to 12 hours. A novel single nucleotide change at position 785 T > C that alters a highly conserved residue in the third transmembrane segment of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.1 was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Klein
- Department of Neurology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
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34
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Abstract
The authors searched for mutations in CACNA1A in patients with episodic ataxia and describe the clinical spectrum in genetically defined patients. Eighteen families and nine sporadic cases of episodic ataxia were evaluated for mutations in CACNA1A. The families were first genotyped to check for linkage to the chromosome 19p locus of CACNA1A. In families consistent with linkage and in the sporadic cases, the authors screened for polymorphisms in CACNA1A using single-strand conformational polymorphism and denaturing high performance liquid chromatography followed by direct sequencing to identify specific nucleotide changes. Of the 18 families, 11 were linked to 19p and mutations were found in 9. Mutations were detected in four of the nine sporadic cases. Overall, five nonsense mutations, four missense mutations, two deletions, one insertion, and one donor splice mutation were identified. All but two of the 64 genetically defined patients reported episodes of ataxia (two members of one family only had progressive ataxia). All but one had onset before age 20 and all but four had interictal nystagmus. Migraine headaches occurred in more than half, and about two thirds reported a good response to treatment with acetazolamide. Vertigo and weakness accompanied the ataxia in more than half of the genetically defined patients. One family had multiple members with epilepsy. A wide range of mutations in CACNA1A were associated with episodic ataxia. Four of 13 were missense mutations; the remainder predicted truncated proteins. The mutations were scattered throughout the gene, and only 2 of the 13 mutations identified in our laboratory have been reported by other laboratories, so it will not be possible to screen a few "hot spots" in CACNA1A. Overall, the type of mutation, missense versus nonsense, or the location of altered or truncated amino acid residues did not predict the clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jen
- UCLA Neurology, 90095-1769, USA.
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35
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To further investigate the basis of abnormal neuromuscular transmission in two patients with congenital myasthenic syndrome associated with episodic ataxia type 2 (EA2) using stimulated single fiber EMG (SFEMG) and in vitro microelectrode studies. METHODS Two patients with genetically characterized EA2 previously shown to have abnormal neuromuscular transmission by voluntary SFEMG were studied with stimulated SFEMG and anconeus muscle biopsy with microelectrode studies and electron microscopy of the neuromuscular junction. RESULTS In vivo stimulated SFEMG showed signs of presynaptic failure, with jitter and blocking that improved with increased stimulation frequency. Additional evidence of presynaptic failure was provided by the in vitro microelectrode studies, which showed marked reduction of the end plate potential quantal content in both patients. Of note, the end plate potentials showed high sensitivity to N-type blockade with omega-conotoxin not seen in controls. The ultrastructural studies revealed some evidence of small nerve terminals apposed to normal or mildly overdeveloped postsynaptic membranes, suggesting an ongoing degenerative process. CONCLUSIONS The authors demonstrated presynaptic failure of neurotransmission in patients with heterozygous nonsense mutations in CACNA1A. The contribution of non-P-type calcium channels to the process of neurotransmitter release in these patients likely represents a compensatory mechanism, which is insufficient to restore normal neuromuscular transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Maselli
- Neurology Department, University of California Davis, USA.
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36
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Jen J, Vogelstein B. RESPONSE: Tumor Location and Detection of K-Ras Mutations in Stool From Colorectal Cancer Patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 2003. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/95.1.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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37
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38
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Nacht M, Dracheva T, Gao Y, Fujii T, Chen Y, Player A, Akmaev V, Cook B, Dufault M, Zhang M, Zhang W, Guo M, Curran J, Han S, Sidransky D, Buetow K, Madden SL, Jen J. Molecular characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:15203-8. [PMID: 11752463 PMCID: PMC65007 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.261414598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We used hierarchical clustering to examine gene expression profiles generated by serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) in a total of nine normal lung epithelial cells and non-small cell lung cancers. Separation of normal and tumor, as well as histopathological subtypes, was evident by using the 3,921 most abundant transcript tags. This distinction remained when only 115 highly differentially expressed tags were used. Furthermore, these 115 transcript tags clustered into groups suggestive of the unique biological and pathological features of the different tissues examined. Adenocarcinomas were characterized by high-level expression of small airway-associated or immunologically related proteins, whereas squamous cell carcinomas overexpressed genes involved in cellular detoxification or antioxidation. The messages of two p53-regulated genes, p21(WAF1/CIP1) and 14-3-3final sigma, were consistently underexpressed in the adenocarcinomas, suggesting that the p53 pathway itself might be compromised in this cancer type. Gene expression patterns observed by SAGE were consistent with results obtained by quantitative real-time PCR or cDNA array analyses by using a total of 43 lung tumor and normal samples. Thus, although derived from only a few tissue libraries, gene expression profiles obtained by using SAGE most likely represent an unbiased yet distinctive molecular signature for the most common forms of human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nacht
- Genzyme Molecular Oncology, P.O. Box 9322, Framingham, MA 01701-9322, USA
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Jen J, Wan J, Graves M, Yu H, Mock AF, Coulin CJ, Kim G, Yue Q, Papazian DM, Baloh RW. Loss-of-function EA2 mutations are associated with impaired neuromuscular transmission. Neurology 2001; 57:1843-8. [PMID: 11723274 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.57.10.1843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the functional consequences of episodic ataxia type 2 (EA2)-causing nonsense and missense mutations in vitro and to characterize the basis of fluctuating weakness in patients with E2A. BACKGROUND Mutations in CACNA1A encoding the Ca(v)2.1 calcium channel subunit cause EA2 through incompletely understood mechanisms. Although the Ca(v)2.1 subunit is important for neurotransmission at the neuromuscular junction, weakness has not been considered a feature of EA2. METHODS The disease-causing mutations in three unrelated patients with EA2 and fluctuating weakness were identified by mutation screening and sequencing. Mutant constructs harboring mutations R1281X, F1406C, R1549X were transfected into COS7 cells and expressed for patch clamp studies. Single-fiber electromyography (SFEMG) was performed in patients to examine synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction. RESULTS Functional studies in COS7 cells of nonsense and missense EA2 mutants demonstrated markedly decreased current densities compared with wild type. SFEMG demonstrated jitter and blocking in these patients with EA2, compared with normal subjects and three patients with SCA-6. CONCLUSION EA2-causing missense and nonsense mutations in CACNA1A produced mutant channels with diminished whole cell calcium channel activity in vitro due to loss of function. Altered biophysical properties or reduced efficiency of plasma membrane targeting of mutant channels may contribute to abnormal neuromuscular transmission, manifesting as myasthenic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jen
- Departments of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1769, USA.
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40
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Caballero OL, Cohen D, Liu Q, Esteller M, Bonacum J, White P, Engles J, Yochem R, Herman JG, Westra WH, Lengauer C, Sidransky D, Jen J. Loss of chromosome arms 3p and 9p and inactivation of P16 (INK4a) in normal epithelium of patients with primary lung cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2001; 32:119-25. [PMID: 11550279 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of genetic alterations in the respiratory epithelium may give rise to cancer and often is accompanied by a series of histologic alterations over a period of several years. Recent studies have identified some molecular alterations in histologically normal-appearing epithelium among patients with lung cancer. To extend these observations, we investigated clonal genetic alterations by using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis and immunohistochemistry in 69 biopsy samples of histologically normal-appearing bronchial epithelium from 22 patients with or without lung cancer. Thirty-seven biopsy specimens from 13 patients were examined for loss of 3p14, and 48 biopsy specimens from 18 patients were examined for loss at 9p21 by FISH. P16(INK4a) expression was analyzed in 54 biopsy samples from 19 patients. In at least one biopsy specimen from five of the 13 patients with primary lung cancer, FISH or immunohistochemistry detected loss of the 3p14 or 9p21 region. In contrast, no alterations were detected for the same regions in the nine patients without primary lung cancer. Our results support the concept that the normal epithelial surface of large bronchi of patients with lung cancer has molecular changes suggestive of the outgrowth of numerous clonal foci.
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Affiliation(s)
- O L Caballero
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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41
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Bittencourt Rosas SL, Caballero OL, Dong SM, da Costa Carvalho MDG, Sidransky D, Jen J. Methylation status in the promoter region of the human PGP9.5 gene in cancer and normal tissues. Cancer Lett 2001; 170:73-9. [PMID: 11448537 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00449-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PGP 9.5 is a neurospecific peptide that functions to remove ubiquitin from ubiquitinated cellular proteins, thereby preventing them from targeted degradation by the proteasome-dependent pathway or regulating their localization, activity or structure. Using the serial analysis of gene expression method (SAGE), we initially found that the PGP9.5 transcript and protein was highly expressed in more than 50% of primary lung cancers and nearly all lung cancer cell lines but was not detectable in the normal lung. This increased expression could be the result of transcriptional regulation accompanied by methylation changes at the CpG island of the promoter region. We studied the methylation status of the cytosines at the promoter region of human PGP9.5 using sodium bisulfite genomic sequencing in normal and neoplastic cells. Although no methylation of PGP9.5 promoter was observed in the normal lung, normal cervical tissue, and lung cancer cell lines, this region was densely methylated in the HeLa cell line. Exposure to HeLa cells to the demethylating agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, led to re-expression of PGP9.5. This data suggested that while other mechanisms may be involved in the frequent overexpression of PGP9.5 gene in lung tumors and lung cancer cell lines, promoter methylation may play a role in the transcriptional suppression of PGP9.5 gene expression in the cervical tissue-derived HeLa cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Bittencourt Rosas
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205-21296, USA
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Rha SH, Dong SM, Jen J, Nicol T, Sidransky D. Molecular detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical carcinoma by microsatellite analysis of Papanicolaou smears. Int J Cancer 2001; 93:424-9. [PMID: 11433409 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.1354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoma of the uterine cervix is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, yet it is clearly preventable by population screening. The Papanicolaou (Pap) smear has proved to be the most successful test for the detection of precancerous lesions and is largely responsible for the reduction of cervical cancer mortality and morbidity rates. However, the Pap smear is not perfect; false-negative results of various rates are reported. To improve the diagnostic efficacy of cervical cytology, we performed microsatellite analysis on paired Pap smear samples from cervical lesions. Nine microsatellite markers were chosen from chromosomal regions commonly displaying loss of heterozygostity (LOH) in cervical cancer and those displaying microsatellite instability (MI) in other squamous cell cancer. Microsatellite alterations were detected in 16/21 (76%) Pap smear DNA samples including 11 of 13 (85%) smears from invasive squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and 5 of 8 (63%) from squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs). Microsatellite alterations detected in the Pap smear DNA were identical to those identified in seven paired primary tumors available for analysis. Moreover, this molecular approach detected genetic alterations in two cases apparently negative by cytologic examination. None (0/25) of the control patients displayed microsatellite alterations in paired Pap smears. Microsatellite analysis of cervical cytologic samples may provide a complementary method to analyze suspicious but not diagnostic cytologic samples further.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Rha
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Pusan, Korea
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Pei J, Balsara BR, Li W, Litwin S, Gabrielson E, Feder M, Jen J, Testa JR. Genomic imbalances in human lung adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2001; 31:282-7. [PMID: 11391799 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparative genomic hybridization analysis was performed on 67 non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), including 32 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and 35 adenocarcinomas (ACs), to identify differences in the patterns of genomic imbalance between these two histologic subtypes. Among the entire tumor set, the chromosome arms most often overrepresented were 1q, 3q, 5p, and 8q, each detected in 50-55% of cases. The most frequently underrepresented arms were 9q, 3p, 8p, and 17p. The number of imbalances was similar in SCCs and ACs (median number/case: 12 and 11, respectively). Moreover, many imbalances, such as gains of 1q, 5p, and 8q, occurred at a high frequency in both histologic subgroups. Several statistically significant differences, however, were found. The most prominent difference was gain of 3q24-qter, seen in 81% of SCCs compared with 31% of ACs (P < 0.0001), with amplification at 3q25-26 being detected in eight of 32 (25%) SCCs but in only two of 35 (6%) ACs. Gain of 20p13 and loss of 4q also were seen at a significantly higher rate in SCCs than in ACs, whereas overrepresentation of 6p was more common in ACs. Gains of 7q and 8q each were associated with higher-stage tumors and either positive nodal involvement or higher tumor grade. These data suggest that genes located in several chromosomal regions, particularly 3q25-26, may be associated with phenotypic properties that differentiate lung SCCs from ACs. Furthermore, certain imbalances, prominent among them gains of 7q and 8q, may be indicative of tumor aggressiveness in NSCLCs.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Chromosome Aberrations/genetics
- Chromosome Deletion
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8/genetics
- Gene Amplification/genetics
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Nucleic Acid Hybridization
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pei
- Human Genetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Dong SM, Traverso G, Johnson C, Geng L, Favis R, Boynton K, Hibi K, Goodman SN, D'Allessio M, Paty P, Hamilton SR, Sidransky D, Barany F, Levin B, Shuber A, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Jen J. Detecting colorectal cancer in stool with the use of multiple genetic targets. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001; 93:858-65. [PMID: 11390535 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/93.11.858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer cells are shed into the stool, providing a potential means for the early detection of the disease using noninvasive approaches. Our goal was to develop reliable, specific molecular genetic tests for the detection of colorectal cancer in stool samples. METHODS Stool DNA was isolated from paired stools and primary tumor samples from 51 colorectal cancer patients. Three genetic targets-TP53, BAT26, and K-RAS-were used to detect tumor-associated mutations in the stool prior to or without regard to the molecular analyses of the paired tumors. TP53 gene mutations were detected with a mismatch-ligation assay that detects nine common p53 gene mutations. Deletions within the BAT26 locus were detected by a modified solid-phase minisequencing method. Mutations in codons 12 and 13 of K-RAS were detected with a digital polymerase chain reaction-based method. RESULTS TP53 gene mutations were detected in the tumor DNA of 30 patients, all of whom had the identical TP53 mutation in their stools. Tumors from three patients contained a noninherited deletion at the BAT26 locus, and the same alterations were identified in these patients' stool specimens. Nineteen of 50 tumors tested had a K-RAS mutation; identical mutations were detected in the paired stool DNA samples from eight patients. In no case was a mutation found in stool that was not also present in the primary tumor. Thus, the three genetic markers together detected 36 (71%) of 51 patients (95% confidence interval [CI] = 56% to 83%) with colorectal cancer and 36 (92%) of 39 patients (95% CI = 79% to 98%) whose tumors had an alteration. CONCLUSION We were able to detect the majority of colorectal cancers by analyzing stool DNA for just three genetic markers. Additional work is needed to determine the specificity of these genetic tests for detecting colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic patients and to more precisely estimate the prevalence of the mutations and sensitivity of the assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Dong
- Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Medical School, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Sanchez-Cespedes M, Ahrendt SA, Piantadosi S, Rosell R, Monzo M, Wu L, Westra WH, Yang SC, Jen J, Sidransky D. Chromosomal alterations in lung adenocarcinoma from smokers and nonsmokers. Cancer Res 2001; 61:1309-13. [PMID: 11245426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of lung tumors arising in nonsmokers remains unclear. Although mutations in the K-ras and p53 genes have been reported to be significantly higher in smoking-related lung carcinomas, in the present study we performed a more comprehensive analysis in search of additional genetic changes between lung adenocarcinoma from tobacco- and non-tobacco-exposed patients. We selected a matched cohort of 18 lifetime nonsmoking and 27 smoking patients diagnosed with primary adenocarcinoma of the lung and searched for chromosomal alterations in each tumor by testing normal and tumor tissue with 54 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers located on 28 different chromosomal arms. Allelic losses or gains at chromosomal arms 3p (37 versus 6%), 6q (46 versus 12%), 9p (65 versus 22%), 16p (28 versus 0%), 17p (45 versus 11%), and 19p (58 versus 16%) were present significantly more often in adenocarcinomas from smokers than from nonsmokers. Chromosomal arms showing allelic imbalance in lung tumors from nonsmokers were rare but occurred more often at 19q (22%), 12p (22%), and 9p (22%). The FAL (fractional allelic loss or gain) is defined as the percentage of chromosomal arm losses/gains among the total informative chromosomal arms. Tumors from smokers harbored higher levels of FAL (13 (48%) of 27 showed FAL > or = 0.3) compared with the lung tumors from the nonsmoker patients (2 (11%) of 18 showed FAL > or = 0.3; P = 0.02; odds ratio, 0.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.79). Our data demonstrate that widespread chromosomal abnormalities are frequent in lung adenocarcinoma from smokers, whereas these abnormalities are infrequent in such tumors arising in nonsmokers. These observations support the notion that lung cancers in nonsmokers arise through genetic alterations distinct from the common events observed in tumors from smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sanchez-Cespedes
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21206-2198, USA
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46
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Rosas SL, Koch W, da Costa Carvalho MG, Wu L, Califano J, Westra W, Jen J, Sidransky D. Promoter hypermethylation patterns of p16, O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase, and death-associated protein kinase in tumors and saliva of head and neck cancer patients. Cancer Res 2001; 61:939-42. [PMID: 11221887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant promoter hypermethylation is common in head and neck cancer and may be useful as a marker for cancer cells. We examined whether cells with tumor-specific aberrant DNA-methylation might be found in the saliva of affected patients. We tested 30 patients with primary head and neck tumors using methylation-specific PCR searching for promoter hypermethylation of the tumor suppressor gene p16 (CDKN2A), the DNA repair gene O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) and the putative metastasis suppressor gene death-associated protein kinase (DAP-K). Aberrant methylation of at least one of these genes was detected in 17 (56%) of 30 head and neck primary tumors; 14 (47%) of 30 at p16, 10 (33%) of 30 at Dap-K and 7 (23%) of 30 at MGMT. In 11 (65%) of 17 methylated primary tumors abnormal methylated DNA was detected in the matched saliva samples. Abnormal promoter methylation in saliva DNA was found in all tumor stages and more frequently in tumors located in the oral cavity. Moreover, none of the saliva from patients with methylation-negative tumors displayed methylation of any marker. Of 30 saliva samples from healthy control subjects (15 smokers and 15 nonsmokers), only one sample from a smoking patient was positive for DNA methylation at two target genes. Detection of aberrant promoter hypermethylation patterns of cancer-related genes in saliva of head and cancer patients is feasible and may be potentially useful for detecting and monitoring disease recurrence. Long-term longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate this approach for early detection of head and neck cancer in at-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Rosas
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21206-2198, USA
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48
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Xu L, Chow J, Bonacum J, Eisenberger C, Ahrendt SA, Spafford M, Wu L, Lee SM, Piantadosi S, Tockman MS, Sidransky D, Jen J. Microsatellite instability at AAAG repeat sequences in respiratory tract cancers. Int J Cancer 2001; 91:200-4. [PMID: 11146445 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0215(200002)9999:9999<::aid-ijc1031>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We surveyed the occurrence of novel alleles at microsatellite sequences in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) using 61 tetranucleotide repeat markers. The presence of at least one new allele, consistent with microsatellite instability (MSI), was observed in 26 of 61 (43%) markers involving 30 of 47 (64%) NSCLC. Twelve of the 26 markers detected new alleles in 2 or more tumors and 11 of these 12 markers contained an AAAG repeat sequence. Using this panel of 12 markers, MSI was detected in 24 of 47 (51%) NSCLC and 10 of 18 (56%) head and neck cancers but was only observed in 8 of 38 (21%) bladder cancers and 3 of 25 (12%) kidney cancers. Our results suggested that about 50% of respiratory tract cancers exhibited microsatellite instability predominantly at AAAG sequences. This distinct type of instability was termed EMAST for elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats. The identification of markers with EMAST should have potential application for the molecular detection of respiratory tract cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Yamaguchi K, Patturajan M, Trink B, Usadel H, Koch W, Jen J, Sidransky D. Circulating antibodies to p40(AIS) in the sera of respiratory tract cancer patients. Int J Cancer 2000; 89:524-8. [PMID: 11102898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Studies of immune recognition in cancer have defined several tumor antigens using autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes and by detection of serum antibodies to tumor-associated products such as p53 and HER-2/neu. The AIS gene is a p53 homologue with multiple protein products (p40, p51, p63, p73L) on chromosomal arm 3q, frequently amplified and over-expressed in squamous-cell carcinoma of the respiratory tract. We analyzed the humoral response to p40(AIS) (a core domain of AIS products without the transactivation domain) by Western blot and ELISA using bacterially synthesized p40(AIS) protein. Antibodies were detected in the sera of 17/94 (18%) HNSCCs and 13/76 (17%) lung cancers, including 5/18 (26%) squamous-cell carcinomas. Anti-p40(AIS) antibodies were not associated with factors such as sex, age, histopathological grading, extent or size of primary tumor, lymph node involvement and staging. Our results indicate that amplification and over-expression of p40(AIS) may lead to antigen recognition by an autologous host with cancer. AIS may thus represent a new group of developmentally regulated genes that are recognized as tumor antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamaguchi
- Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205-2196, USA
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Gong L, Liu M, Jen J, Yeh ET. GNB1L, a gene deleted in the critical region for DiGeorge syndrome on 22q11, encodes a G-protein beta-subunit-like polypeptide. Biochim Biophys Acta 2000; 1494:185-8. [PMID: 11072084 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(00)00189-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
CATCH 22 syndromes, which include DiGeorge syndrome and Velocardiofacial syndrome, are the most common cause of congenital heart disease which involve microdeletion of 22q11. Using a strategy including EST searching, PCR amplification and 5'-RACE, we have cloned a 1487 bp cDNA fragment from human heart cDNA library. The cloned GNB1L cDNA encodes a G-protein beta-subunit-like polypeptide, and the GNB1L gene is located in the critical region for DiGeorge syndrome. A comparison of GNB1L cDNA sequence with corresponding genomic DNA sequence revealed that this gene consists of seven exons and spans an approximately 60 kb genomic region. Northern blot analysis revealed GNB1L is highly expressed in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gong
- Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Disease, the University of Texas- Houston Health Science Center, 77030, USA.
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