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Pareto D, Corral JF, Garcia-Vidal A, Alberich M, Auger C, Rio J, Mongay N, Sastre-Garriga J, Rovira À. Assessing the Equivalence of Brain-Derived Measures from Two 3D T1-Weighted Acquisitions: One Covering the Brain and One Covering the Brain and Spinal Cord. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:569-573. [PMID: 37080719 PMCID: PMC10171373 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In MS, it is common to acquire brain and spinal cord MR imaging sequences separately to assess the extent of the disease. The goal of this study was to see how replacing the traditional brain T1-weighted images (brain-T1) with an acquisition that included both the brain and the cervical spinal cord (cns-T1) affected brain- and spinal cord-derived measures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-six healthy controls (HC) and 42 patients with MS were included. Of those, 18 HC and 35 patients with MS had baseline and follow-up at 1 year acquired on a 3T magnet. Two 3D T1-weighted images (brain-T1 and cns-T1) were acquired at each time point. Regional cortical thickness and volumes were determined with FastSurfer, and the percentage brain volume change per year was obtained with SIENA. The spinal cord area was estimated with the Spinal Cord Toolbox. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to check for consistency of measures obtained from brain-T1 and cns-T1. RESULTS Cortical thickness measures showed an ICC >0.75 in 94% of regions in healthy controls and 80% in patients with MS. Estimated regional volumes had an ICC >0.88, and the percentage brain volume change had an ICC >0.79 for both groups. The spinal cord area measures had an ICC of 0.68 in healthy controls and 0.92 in patients with MS. CONCLUSIONS Brain measurements obtained from 3D cns-T1 are highly equivalent to those obtained from a brain-T1, suggesting that it could be feasible to replace the brain-T1 with cns-T1.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pareto
- From the Neuroradiology Group (D.P., J.F.C., A.G.-V., C.A., À.R.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Section of Neuroradiology (D.P., J.F.C., M.A., À.R.), Radiology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J F Corral
- From the Neuroradiology Group (D.P., J.F.C., A.G.-V., C.A., À.R.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Section of Neuroradiology (D.P., J.F.C., M.A., À.R.), Radiology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Garcia-Vidal
- From the Neuroradiology Group (D.P., J.F.C., A.G.-V., C.A., À.R.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Alberich
- Section of Neuroradiology (D.P., J.F.C., M.A., À.R.), Radiology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Auger
- From the Neuroradiology Group (D.P., J.F.C., A.G.-V., C.A., À.R.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Rio
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimmunology (J.R., N.M., J.S.-G.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Mongay
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimmunology (J.R., N.M., J.S.-G.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Sastre-Garriga
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimmunology (J.R., N.M., J.S.-G.), Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - À Rovira
- From the Neuroradiology Group (D.P., J.F.C., A.G.-V., C.A., À.R.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Section of Neuroradiology (D.P., J.F.C., M.A., À.R.), Radiology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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Tanuma Y, Stergiou A, Bužan Bobnar A, Gaboardi M, Rio J, Volkmann J, Wegner HA, Tagmatarchis N, Ewels CP, Arčon D. Robust coherent spin centers from stable azafullerene radicals entrapped in cycloparaphenylene rings. Nanoscale 2021; 13:19946-19955. [PMID: 34821238 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06393f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Molecular entities with robust spin-1/2 are natural two-level quantum systems for realizing qubits and are key ingredients of emerging quantum technologies such as quantum computing. Here we show that robust and abundant spin-1/2 species can be created in situ in the solid state from spin-active azafullerene C59N cages supramolecularly hosted in crystals of [10]cycloparaphenylene ([10]CPP) nanohoops. This is achieved via a two-stage thermally-assisted homolysis of the parent diamagnetic [10]CPP⊃(C59N)2⊂[10]CPP supramolecular complex. Upon cooling, the otherwise unstable C59N˙ radical is remarkably persistent with a measured radical lifetime of several years. Additionally, pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance measurements show long coherence times, fulfilling a basic condition for any qubit manipulation, and observed Rabi oscillations demonstrate single qubit operation. These findings together with rapid recent advances on the synthesis of carbon nanohoops offer the potential to fabricate tailored cycloparaphenylene networks hosting C59N˙ centers, providing a promising platform for building complex qubit circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Tanuma
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, CNRS/Université de Nantes, BP32229, 44322 Nantes, France
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, 350-8585, Saitama, Japan
| | - Anastasios Stergiou
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Mattia Gaboardi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, Italy
| | - Jeremy Rio
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, CNRS/Université de Nantes, BP32229, 44322 Nantes, France.
| | - Jannis Volkmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hermann A Wegner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nikos Tagmatarchis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Christopher P Ewels
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, CNRS/Université de Nantes, BP32229, 44322 Nantes, France.
| | - Denis Arčon
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Zulfiqar AA, Lorenzo-Villalba N, Peixoto A, Rio J, Gillibert A. [Frailty of the elderly and physical activity in general practice: A prospective study]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2020; 68:282-287. [PMID: 32855006 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Frailty is a transient and reversible condition that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality and to the loss of autonomy. It is one of the key issues in public health and the prevention of addiction. Physical activity is often described as a protective factor against addiction and as a factor in limiting frailty. Our goal is to analyze the relationship between physical activity and frailty among the elderly METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out in three general practice clinics located in the French department of Eure. Patients aged 65 and over were included during a consultation with their GP. Dependent patients under the ADL scale were excluded. Level of physical activity was assessed by the Ricci and Gagnon questionnaire, which defines an active profile as a score≥18 points. Frailty was sought out by the Fried scale and the SEGA A grid. Multivariate analysis was performed to adjust frailty scores to age, gender, and level of physical activity. RESULTS Out of the 70 patients included, 36 were active (51%) and 34 inactive (49%). They were predominantly female with 47 women (67%). Average age was 75.3years. Twelve patients were diagnosed as frail (17%) with the Fried scale and 24 (34%) with the SEGA A grid. Bivariate analysis revealed a greater frailty according to the Fried criteria in the inactive than in the active patients (mean for active patients 0.56 IC95 [0.31; 0.80], compared to 1.76 [1.21; 2.32] in the inactive patients, p<0.0001). The difference in mean was likewise significant regarding the SEGA A score (6.42 IC95 [5.34, 7.49] in the active population, as opposed to 8.65 IC95 [7.15, 10.15] among the inactive, p=0.017). In multivariate analysis, the Fried scale was primarily influenced by age and ADL, while the SEGA score was impacted by female gender and level of physical activity. CONCLUSION Physical activity seems to have a positive effect on frailty. It would be interesting to propose systematic screening for frailty in general medicine and to institute preventive measures, including physical activity. Initiatives encouraging and promoting seniors' physical activity should be strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-A Zulfiqar
- Geriatric Department, Saint-Julien Hospital, CHU de Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France.
| | - N Lorenzo-Villalba
- Internal medicine department, Hôpital civil, CHRU Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - A Peixoto
- General medicine department, CHU Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - J Rio
- Statistics and epidemiology department, CHU Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - A Gillibert
- Statistics and epidemiology department, CHU Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
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Vidal‐Jordana A, Pareto D, Cabello S, Alberich M, Rio J, Tintore M, Auger C, Montalban X, Rovira A, Sastre‐Garriga J. Optical coherence tomography measures correlate with brain and spinal cord atrophy and multiple sclerosis disease‐related disability. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:2225-2232. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.14421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Vidal‐Jordana
- Servicio de Neurologia‐Neuroinmunologia Centro de Esclerosis Múltiple de Cataluña (Cemcat) Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Barcelona
| | - D. Pareto
- Servicio de Radiologia Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Unidad de Resonancia Magnética Barcelona Spain
| | - S. Cabello
- Servicio de Neurologia‐Neuroinmunologia Centro de Esclerosis Múltiple de Cataluña (Cemcat) Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Barcelona
| | - M. Alberich
- Servicio de Radiologia Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Unidad de Resonancia Magnética Barcelona Spain
| | - J. Rio
- Servicio de Neurologia‐Neuroinmunologia Centro de Esclerosis Múltiple de Cataluña (Cemcat) Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Barcelona
| | - M. Tintore
- Servicio de Neurologia‐Neuroinmunologia Centro de Esclerosis Múltiple de Cataluña (Cemcat) Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Barcelona
| | - C. Auger
- Servicio de Radiologia Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Unidad de Resonancia Magnética Barcelona Spain
| | - X. Montalban
- Servicio de Neurologia‐Neuroinmunologia Centro de Esclerosis Múltiple de Cataluña (Cemcat) Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Barcelona
- Division of Neurology University of TorontoSt Michael´s Hospital Toronto ON Canada
| | - A. Rovira
- Servicio de Radiologia Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Unidad de Resonancia Magnética Barcelona Spain
| | - J. Sastre‐Garriga
- Servicio de Neurologia‐Neuroinmunologia Centro de Esclerosis Múltiple de Cataluña (Cemcat) Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Barcelona
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Campos-Fernandez D, Olive-Gadea M, Ballve-Martin A, Llaurado-Gayete A, Santamarina E, Rovira A, Rio J. [Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and non-specific immune dysfunction]. Rev Neurol 2019; 68:132-133. [PMID: 30687923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
MESH Headings
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Fatal Outcome
- Female
- Genes, BRCA2
- Humans
- Immunocompromised Host
- JC Virus/isolation & purification
- JC Virus/physiology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/complications
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/diagnosis
- Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/immunology
- Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/virology
- Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/complications
- Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/genetics
- Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/immunology
- Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary/complications
- Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary/drug therapy
- Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary/immunology
- Neuroimaging
- Stroke, Lacunar/diagnosis
- Virus Activation
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - A Rovira
- Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana
| | - J Rio
- Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana
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Silva NM, Rio J, Kreutzer S, Papageorgopoulou C, Currat M. Bayesian estimation of partial population continuity using ancient DNA and spatially explicit simulations. Evol Appl 2018; 11:1642-1655. [PMID: 30344633 PMCID: PMC6183456 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The retrieval of ancient DNA from osteological material provides direct evidence of human genetic diversity in the past. Ancient DNA samples are often used to investigate whether there was population continuity in the settlement history of an area. Methods based on the serial coalescent algorithm have been developed to test whether the population continuity hypothesis can be statistically rejected by analysing DNA samples from the same region but of different ages. Rejection of this hypothesis is indicative of a large genetic shift, possibly due to immigration occurring between two sampling times. However, this approach is only able to reject a model of full continuity model (a total absence of genetic input from outside), but admixture between local and immigrant populations may lead to partial continuity. We have recently developed a method to test for population continuity that explicitly considers the spatial and temporal dynamics of populations. Here, we extended this approach to estimate the proportion of genetic continuity between two populations, using ancient genetic samples. We applied our original approach to the question of the Neolithic transition in Central Europe. Our results confirmed the rejection of full continuity, but our approach represents an important step forward by estimating the relative contribution of immigrant farmers and of local hunter-gatherers to the final Central European Neolithic genetic pool. Furthermore, we show that a substantial proportion of genes brought by the farmers in this region were assimilated from other hunter-gatherer populations along the way from Anatolia, which was not detectable by previous continuity tests. Our approach is also able to jointly estimate demographic parameters, as we show here by finding both low density and low migration rate for pre-Neolithic hunter-gatherers. It provides a useful tool for the analysis of the numerous ancient DNA data sets that are currently being produced for many different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Miguel Silva
- AGP LabDepartment of Genetics & Evolution – Anthropology UnitUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Jeremy Rio
- AGP LabDepartment of Genetics & Evolution – Anthropology UnitUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Susanne Kreutzer
- Palaeogenetics GroupInstitute of AnthropologyJohannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Christina Papageorgopoulou
- Laboratory of Physical AnthropologyDepartment of History & EthnologyDemocritus University of ThraceKomotiniGreece
| | - Mathias Currat
- AGP LabDepartment of Genetics & Evolution – Anthropology UnitUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
- Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (IGE3)GenevaSwitzerland
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7
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Nakagawa A, Aoyagi S, Omachi H, Ishino K, Nishino M, Rio J, Ewels C, Shinohara H. Isolation and structure determination of missing fullerenes Gd@C 74(CF 3) n through in situ trifluoromethylation. R Soc Open Sci 2018; 5:181015. [PMID: 30839731 PMCID: PMC6170568 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Our trifluoromethyl functionalization method enables the dissolution and isolation of missing metallofullerenes of Gd@C74(CF3) n . After multi-stage high-performance liquid chromatography purification, Gd@C74(CF3)3 and two regioisomers of Gd@C74(CF3) are isolated. X-ray crystallographic analysis reveals that all of the isolated metallofullerenes react with CF3 groups on pentagons of the D 3 h-symmetry C74 cages. Highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gaps of these trifluoromethylated derivatives, estimated by absorption spectra, are in the range 0.71-1.06 eV, consistent with density functional calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayano Nakagawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shinobu Aoyagi
- Department of Information and Basic Science, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8501, Japan
| | - Haruka Omachi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Katsuma Ishino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Makiko Nishino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Jeremy Rio
- Institut des Materiaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS UMR6502, 2 Rue de la Houssiniere, BP32229, Nantes 44322, France
| | - Chris Ewels
- Institut des Materiaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS UMR6502, 2 Rue de la Houssiniere, BP32229, Nantes 44322, France
| | - Hisanori Shinohara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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Ewels C, Rio J, Niwa H, Omachi H, Shinohara H, Rayson M, Briddon P. Determining addition pathways and stable isomers for CF 3 functionalization of endohedral Gd@C 60. R Soc Open Sci 2018; 5:180588. [PMID: 30839750 PMCID: PMC6170591 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Using density functional theory approaches, we follow the sequential addition of CF3 functional groups to the surface of the metallic endofullerene species Gd@C60. The presence of gadolinium in the interior of the cage strongly influences the addition sequence. The calculations are able to successfully identify end points in the addition sequence at Gd@C60(CF3) n , n = 3 and two isomers at n = 5, in predictive agreement with experiment. Inverting the algorithm to determine the most labile groups also identifies the correct positively charged Gd@ C 60 ( C F 3 ) 4 + isomer, as confirmed by experimental mass spectra. The importance of surface mobility, notably at later stage addition, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Ewels
- Institut des Materiaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS UMR6502, 2 Rue de la Houssiniere, BP32229, Nantes 44322, France
| | - Jeremy Rio
- Institut des Materiaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS UMR6502, 2 Rue de la Houssiniere, BP32229, Nantes 44322, France
| | - Hiroyuki Niwa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa 464-8602, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Haruka Omachi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa 464-8602, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hisanori Shinohara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa 464-8602, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya City University, Chikusa 464-8602, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mark Rayson
- School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Patrick Briddon
- School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
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9
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Nakagawa A, Nishino M, Niwa H, Ishino K, Wang Z, Omachi H, Furukawa K, Yamaguchi T, Kato T, Bandow S, Rio J, Ewels C, Aoyagi S, Shinohara H. Crystalline functionalized endohedral C 60 metallofullerides. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3073. [PMID: 30082836 PMCID: PMC6078994 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05496-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Endohedral metallofullerenes have been extensively studied since the first experimental observation of La@C60 in a laser-vaporized supersonic beam in 1985. However, most of these studies have focused on metallofullerenes larger than C60 such as (metal)@C82, and there are no reported purified C60-based monomeric metallofullerenes, except for [Li@C60]+(SbCl6)- salt. Pure (metal)@C60 compounds have not been obtained because of their extremely high chemical reactivity. One route to their stabilization is through chemical functionalization. Here we report the isolation, structural determination and electromagnetic properties of functionalized crystalline C60-based metallofullerenes Gd@C60(CF3)5 and La@C60(CF3)5. Synchrotron X-ray single-crystal diffraction reveals that La and Gd atoms are indeed encapsulated in the Ih-C60 fullerene. The HOMO-LUMO gaps of Gd@C60 and La@C60 are significantly widened by an order of magnitude with addition of CF3 groups. Magnetic measurements show the presence of a weak antiferromagnetic coupling in Gd@C60(CF3)3 crystals at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayano Nakagawa
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Makiko Nishino
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Niwa
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Katsuma Ishino
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Haruka Omachi
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Ko Furukawa
- Center for Coordination of Research Facilities, Institute for Research Promotion, Niigata University, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Takahisa Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuhisa Kato
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shunji Bandow
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8502, Japan
| | - Jeremy Rio
- Institut des Materiaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS UMR6502, BP32229, 44322, Nantes, France
| | - Chris Ewels
- Institut des Materiaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS UMR6502, BP32229, 44322, Nantes, France.
| | - Shinobu Aoyagi
- Department of Information and Basic Science, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8501, Japan
| | - Hisanori Shinohara
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.
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10
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Rio J. [New drugs for the treatment of multiple sclerosis]. Rev Neurol 2018; 66:253. [PMID: 29645067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Rio
- Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana
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11
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Silva NM, Rio J, Currat M. Investigating population continuity with ancient DNA under a spatially explicit simulation framework. BMC Genet 2017; 18:114. [PMID: 29246100 PMCID: PMC5731203 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-017-0575-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advances in sequencing technologies have allowed for the retrieval of ancient DNA data (aDNA) from skeletal remains, providing direct genetic snapshots from diverse periods of human prehistory. Comparing samples taken in the same region but at different times, hereafter called "serial samples", may indicate whether there is continuity in the peopling history of that area or whether an immigration of a genetically different population has occurred between the two sampling times. However, the exploration of genetic relationships between serial samples generally ignores their geographical locations and the spatiotemporal dynamics of populations. Here, we present a new coalescent-based, spatially explicit modelling approach to investigate population continuity using aDNA, which includes two fundamental elements neglected in previous methods: population structure and migration. The approach also considers the extensive temporal and geographical variance that is commonly found in aDNA population samples. RESULTS We first showed that our spatially explicit approach is more conservative than the previous (panmictic) approach and should be preferred to test for population continuity, especially when small and isolated populations are considered. We then applied our method to two mitochondrial datasets from Germany and France, both including modern and ancient lineages dating from the early Neolithic. The results clearly reject population continuity for the maternal line over the last 7500 years for the German dataset but not for the French dataset, suggesting regional heterogeneity in post-Neolithic migratory processes. CONCLUSIONS Here, we demonstrate the benefits of using a spatially explicit method when investigating population continuity with aDNA. It constitutes an improvement over panmictic methods by considering the spatiotemporal dynamics of genetic lineages and the precise location of ancient samples. The method can be used to investigate population continuity between any pair of serial samples (ancient-ancient or ancient-modern) and to investigate more complex evolutionary scenarios. Although we based our study on mitochondrial DNA sequences, diploid molecular markers of different types (DNA, SNP, STR) can also be simulated with our approach. It thus constitutes a promising tool for the analysis of the numerous aDNA datasets being produced, including genome wide data, in humans but also in many other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Miguel Silva
- AGP lab, Department of Genetics & Evolution - Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jeremy Rio
- AGP lab, Department of Genetics & Evolution - Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Currat
- AGP lab, Department of Genetics & Evolution - Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (IGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Adjizian JJ, Vlandas A, Rio J, Charlier JC, Ewels CP. Ab initio infrared vibrational modes for neutral and charged small fullerenes (C20, C24, C26, C28, C30 and C60). Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2016; 374:rsta.2015.0323. [PMID: 27501975 PMCID: PMC4978747 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We calculate the infrared (IR) absorption spectra using DFT B3LYP(6-311G) for a range of small closed-cage fullerenes, Cn, n=20, 24, 26, 28, 30 and 60, in both neutral and multiple positive and negative charge states. The results are of use, notably, for direct comparison with observed IR absorption in the interstellar medium. Frequencies fall typically into two ranges, with C-C stretch modes around 1100-1500 cm(-1) (6.7-9.1 μm) and fullerene-specific radial motion associated with under-coordinated carbon at pentagonal sites in the range 600-800 cm(-1) (12.5-16.7 μm). Notably, negatively charged fullerenes show significantly stronger absorption intensities than neutral species. The results suggest that small cage fullerenes, and notably metallic endofullerenes, may be responsible for many of the unassigned interstellar IR spectral lines.This article is part of the themed issue 'Fullerenes: past, present and future, celebrating the 30th anniversary of Buckminster Fullerene'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Joseph Adjizian
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Chemin des Étoiles 8, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Alexis Vlandas
- BioMEMS, Université Lille, CNRS, ISEN, UMR 8520-IEMN, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Jeremy Rio
- Institut des Materiaux Jean Rouxel, CNRS, University of Nantes, UMR6502, 2 Rue de la Houssiniere, BP32229, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Charlier
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Chemin des Étoiles 8, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Chris P Ewels
- Institut des Materiaux Jean Rouxel, CNRS, University of Nantes, UMR6502, 2 Rue de la Houssiniere, BP32229, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
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13
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Rio J, Rovira A, Blanco Y, Sainz A, Perkal H, Robles R, Ramio-Torrenta L, Diaz RM, Arroyo R, Urbaneja P, Fernandez O, Garcia-Merino JA, Reyes MP, Oreja-Guevara C, Prieto JM, Izquierdo G, Olascoaga J, Alvarez-Cermeno JC, Simon E, Pujal B, Comabella M, Montalban X. [Response to treatment with interferon beta in patients with multiple sclerosis. Validation of the Rio Score]. Rev Neurol 2016; 63:145-150. [PMID: 27439483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Different criteria have been proposed for the response to treatment with interferon beta, and the Rio Score is one of the most widely used. The aim of this study was to validate the usefulness of the Rio Score in an independent cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS A multi-centre, prospective, longitudinal study was conducted on patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treated with interferon beta. The patients were classified according to the presence of attacks, active lesions (new in T2 or gadolinium enhancing lesions) in magnetic resonance imaging, a confirmed increase in disability or combinations of these variables (attacks, increase on the Expanded Disability Status Scale and active lesions) after one year's treatment. Regression analysis was used in order to identify the response-predicting variables after a three-year follow-up. RESULTS The sample consisted of 249 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The logistic model confirmed that the presence of two (odds ratio = 6.6; CI 95% = 2.7-16.1; p < 0.0001) or three (odds ratio = 8.5; CI 95% = 1.6-46; p < 0.01) positive variables during the first year of treatment were indicative of a significant risk of activity (attacks or progression) in the next two years. CONCLUSIONS The usefulness of the Rio Score is confirmed, in an independent cohort, as a means of identifying patients with a higher risk of developing clinical activity or progression of disability during treatment with interferon beta.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rio
- Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana
| | - A Rovira
- Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana
| | - Y Blanco
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Espana
| | - A Sainz
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Espana
| | - H Perkal
- Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Espana
| | - R Robles
- Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Espana
| | | | - R M Diaz
- Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Espana
| | - R Arroyo
- Hospital Clinico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Espana
| | - P Urbaneja
- Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya, Malaga, Espana
| | - O Fernandez
- Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya, Malaga, Espana
| | | | - M P Reyes
- Hospital Universitario Insular de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Espana
| | - C Oreja-Guevara
- UAM. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Espana
| | - J M Prieto
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Espana
| | - G Izquierdo
- Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, 41003 Sevilla, Espana
| | - J Olascoaga
- Hospital Donostia, 20014 San Sebastian, Espana
| | | | - E Simon
- Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana
| | - B Pujal
- Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana
| | - M Comabella
- Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana
| | - X Montalban
- Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana
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Rio J, Erbahar D, Rayson M, Briddon P, Ewels CP. Cyclotetrahalo-p-phenylenes: simulations of halogen substituted cycloparaphenylenes and their interaction with C60. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:23257-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03376h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Halogen substitution of cycloparaphenylenes (‘nanohoops’) shifts the HOMO and LUMO, for example eliminating redox coupling in the complex C60@[10]CPP-F.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Rio
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN)
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS UMR 6502
- F-44322 Nantes
- France
| | - D. Erbahar
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN)
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS UMR 6502
- F-44322 Nantes
- France
| | - M. Rayson
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- University of Newcastle
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- UK
| | - P. Briddon
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN)
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS UMR 6502
- F-44322 Nantes
- France
| | - C. P. Ewels
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN)
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS UMR 6502
- F-44322 Nantes
- France
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Kuhle J, Hardmeier M, Disanto G, Gugleta K, Ecsedi M, Lienert C, Amato MP, Baum K, Buttmann M, Bayas A, Brassat D, Brochet B, Confavreux C, Edan G, Färkkilä M, Fredrikson S, Frontoni M, D'Hooghe M, Hutchinson M, De Keyser J, Kieseier BC, Kümpfel T, Rio J, Polman C, Roullet E, Stolz C, Vass K, Wandinger KP, Kappos L. A 10-year follow-up of the European multicenter trial of interferon β-1b in secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2015; 22:533-43. [PMID: 26362898 DOI: 10.1177/1352458515594440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore long-term effects of treatment and prognostic relevance of variables assessed at baseline and during the European secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) trial of interferon beta 1b (IFNB-1b). METHODS We assessed 362 patients (60% female; median age 41 years; Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS): 5.5; 51% randomized to IFNB-1b) for their EDSS and treatment history after 10 years. Non-parametric analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and multivariate linear regression models were applied. RESULTS Median EDSS was 6.0 at the end of the randomized controlled trial (RCT), in the IFNB-1b and placebo groups, and 7.0 in long-term follow-up patients (those receiving IFNB-1b in the RCT were 6.5 and those receiving placebo in the RCT were 7.0; p = 0.086). 24 patients (6.6%) were deceased. The EDSS at baseline and the EDSS change during the RCT were the most important predictors of the EDSS 10 years later (partial R(2): 0.47). The ability to predict changes in EDSS 10 years after the RCT was limited (R(2): 0.12). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures remained in the predictive models, but explained < 5% of the variability. CONCLUSIONS The results from this analysis did not provide convincing evidence to support a favorable long-term outcome in those patients allocated IFNB-1b during the RCT, in our SPMS cohort. The progressive stage of the disease remains largely unpredictable by clinical and conventional MRI measures, so better prognostic markers are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kuhle
- Neurology, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel/Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts, UK/London School of Medicine and Dentistry, UK University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Hardmeier
- Neurology, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel
| | - G Disanto
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts, UK/London School of Medicine and Dentistry, UK. Neurocentre of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale Civico, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - K Gugleta
- Neurology, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel
| | - M Ecsedi
- Neurology, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel
| | - C Lienert
- Department of Medicine, Neurology, Kantonsspital Baselland Bruderholz, Switzerland
| | - M P Amato
- Department NEUROFARBA, Section Neurosciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - K Baum
- Department of Neurology, Klinik Hennigsdorf, Germany
| | - M Buttmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - A Bayas
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Augsburg, Germany
| | - D Brassat
- Unité Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) 563, Centre hospitalier universitaire Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - B Brochet
- Department of Neurology, and INSERM-CHU CIC-P 0005, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux, France
| | - C Confavreux
- Centre de coordination EDMUS pour la sclérose en plaques, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Lyon, France
| | - G Edan
- Department of Neurology, Centre hospitalier universitaire Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - M Färkkilä
- Department of Neurology, Central Hospital, Helsinki University, Finland
| | - S Fredrikson
- Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Frontoni
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy
| | - M D'Hooghe
- Department of Neurology, National MS Center, Melsbroek, Belgium/Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - M Hutchinson
- Saint Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - J De Keyser
- Departments of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, Netherlands
| | - B C Kieseier
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - T Kümpfel
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - J Rio
- MS Center of Catalonia (Cemcat), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Polman
- MS Center Amsterdam, Vrije University Medical Center, Netherlands
| | - E Roullet
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - C Stolz
- PAREXEL International GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Vass
- University Clinic of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - K P Wandinger
- University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - L Kappos
- Neurology, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel
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16
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Malhotra S, Morcillo-Suárez C, Nurtdinov R, Rio J, Sarro E, Moreno M, Castilló J, Navarro A, Montalban X, Comabella M. Roles of the ubiquitin peptidase USP18 in multiple sclerosis and the response to interferon-β treatment. Eur J Neurol 2013; 20:1390-7. [PMID: 23700969 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ubiquitin specific peptidase 18 (USP18) is a deubiquitinating enzyme that functions as a negative regulator of the type I interferon (IFN) signalling pathway and is specifically induced by type I IFNs. In the present study, previous observations by our group were expanded suggesting an implication of USP18 in multiple sclerosis (MS) based on the finding of a deficient expression of the gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from MS patients compared with healthy controls. METHODS Two polymorphisms, rs2542109 (intronic) and rs9618216 (promoter), were genotyped in a cohort of 691 relapse-onset MS patients and 1028 healthy controls and in 225 MS patients treated with IFNβ and classified into responders and non-responders after 2 years of treatment according to clinical criteria. Correlations between genotypes and expression levels for USP18 and its target ISG15 were performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Two USP18 haplotypes were significantly associated with MS, TG and CG. Additional experiments revealed that CG carriers were characterized by lower USP18 gene expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and higher clinical disease activity. Finally, AA homozygosis for the intronic polymorphism rs2542109 was associated with the responder phenotype; however, USP18 expression levels induced by IFNβ did not differ amongst MS patients carrying different rs2542109 genotypes. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results point to a role of USP18 in MS pathogenesis and the therapeutic response to IFNβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Malhotra
- Servei de Neurologia/Neuroimmunologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (CEM-Cat), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (HUVH), Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Bustamante MF, Rio J, Castro Z, Sánchez A, Montalban X, Comabella M. Cellular immune responses in multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon-beta. Clin Exp Immunol 2013; 171:243-6. [PMID: 23379429 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated cellular immune responses at baseline in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with interferon (IFN)-β and classified into responders and non-responders according to clinical response criteria. Levels for IFN-γ, interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-17F, IL-10 and IL-4 were determined in activated PBMC of 10 responders, 10 non-responders and 10 healthy controls by cytometric bead arrays. Cytokine levels in cell culture supernatants were similar between responders and non-responders, and comparable to those obtained in healthy controls. These findings do not support differential cellular immune responses in PBMC at baseline between IFN-β responders and non-responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Bustamante
- Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, CEM-Cat, Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Sormani MP, Rio J, Tintorè M, Signori A, Li D, Cornelisse P, Stubinski B, Stromillo ML, Montalban X, De Stefano N. Scoring treatment response in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2012; 19:605-12. [PMID: 23012253 DOI: 10.1177/1352458512460605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We employed clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures in combination, to assess patient responses to interferon in multiple sclerosis. OBJECTIVE To optimize and validate a scoring system able to discriminate responses to interferon treatment in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). METHODS Our analysis included two large, independent datasets of RRMS patients who were treated with interferons that included 4-year follow-up data. The first dataset ("training set") comprised of 373 RRMS patients from a randomized clinical trial of subcutaneous interferon beta-1a. The second ("validation set") included an observational cohort of 222 RRMS patients treated with different interferons. The new scoring system, a modified version of that previously proposed by Rio et al., was first tested on the training set, then validated using the validation set. The association between disability progression and risk group, as defined by the score, was evaluated by Kaplan Meier survival curves and Cox regression, and quantified by hazard ratios (HRs). RESULTS The score (0-3) was based on the number of new T2 lesions (>5) and clinical relapses (0,1 or 2) during the first year of therapy. The risk of disability progression increased with higher scores. In the validation set, patients with score of 0 showed a 3-year progression probability of 24%, while those with a score of 1 increased to 33% (HR = 1.56; p = 0.13), and those with score greater than or equal to 2 increased to 65% (HR = 4.60; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We report development of a simple, quantitative and complementary tool for predicting responses in interferon-treated patients that could help clinicians make treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Sormani
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy.
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Costa C, Arrambide G, Tintore M, Castillo J, Sastre-Garriga J, Tur C, Rio J, Saiz A, Vidal-Jordana A, Auger C, Nos C, Rovira A, Comabella M, Horga A, Montalban X. Value of NMO-IgG determination at the time of presentation as CIS. Neurology 2012; 78:1608-11. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182563b32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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20
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Martínez-Rodríguez JE, López-Botet M, Munteis E, Rio J, Roquer J, Montalban X, Comabella M. Natural killer cell phenotype and clinical response to interferon-beta therapy in multiple sclerosis. Clin Immunol 2011; 141:348-56. [PMID: 21992960 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
CD56(bright) NK cells, which may play a role in immunoregulation, are expanded in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients treated with immunomodulatory therapies such as daclizumab and interferon-beta (IFNβ). Yet, whether this NK cell subset is directly involved in the therapeutic effect is unknown. As NK receptor (NKR) expression by subsets of NK cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes is related to MS clinical course, we addressed whether CD56(bright) NK cells and NKR in IFNβ-treated MS patients differ according to the clinical response. IFNβ was associated to lower LILRB1+ and KIR+NK cells, and higher NKG2A+NK cell proportions, an immunophenotypic pattern mainly found in responders. After IFNβ treatment, a CD56(bright) NK cell expansion was significantly related to a positive clinical response. Our results reveal that IFNβ may promote in responders changes in the NK cell immunophenotype, corresponding to the profile found at early maturation stages of this lymphocyte lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Martínez-Rodríguez
- Neurology Service, Parc de Salut Mar, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.
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21
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Horga A, Castillo J, Rio J, Tintore M, Auger C, Sastre-Garriga J, Edo MC, Perez-Miralles F, Tur C, Nos C, Huerga E, Comabella M, Rovira A, Montalban X. An observational study of the effectiveness and safety of natalizumab in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Rev Neurol 2011; 52:321-330. [PMID: 21387248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM To analyse the safety and effectiveness of natalizumab in the treatment of multiple sclerosis in a real clinical practice setting and according to the approved indications. PATIENTS AND METHODS All patients with multiple sclerosis treated with natalizumab in our centre were evaluated. The clinical and radiological disease activity during the first year of treatment was analyzed in patients who received at least 12 doses of the drug. The data regarding moderate and severe adverse events in the entire study sample was also evaluated. RESULTS A total of 112 patients were included in the study, of which 110 had been previously treated with other drugs and 76 had received at least 12 doses of natalizumab. In this group, the annualized relapse rate was reduced by 89% compared to the preceding year and 80% of patients were free from relapses after one year of treatment. Nine percent of patients exhibited 3-month confirmed disability progression. At month 12, the mean number of gadolinium-enhancing lesions on brain MRI was decreased by 99% compared to the pre-treatment MRI. During the first year of treatment, 76% of patients remained free from clinical activity and 33% remained free from both clinical and radiological disease activity. Twenty-nine percent of patients had at least one moderate or severe adverse event, which led to treatment discontinuation in 6%. Four percent of patients experienced immediate hypersensitivity reactions. CONCLUSION This study suggests that natalizumab is effective in reducing disease activity in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis and inadequate response to other therapies, with a favorable risk-benefit ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Horga
- Centre d'esclerosi multiple de Catalunya, Barcelona, Espana.
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22
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Pelayo R, Montalban X, Minoves T, Moncho D, Rio J, Nos C, Tur C, Castillo J, Horga A, Comabella M, Perkal H, Rovira A, Tintoré M. Do multimodal evoked potentials add information to MRI in clinically isolated syndromes? Mult Scler 2009; 16:55-61. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458509352666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The role of multimodal evoked potentials (MMEPs) in establishing multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis and prognosis has diminished nowadays. The objective of this article is to evaluate whether MMEPs add information to MRI in identifying patients with higher risk of relapse or development of disability after a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). Patients who underwent visual, somato-sensory and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (EPs) were identified from a cohort of consecutive CIS. Patients also underwent brain MRI within 3 months of first attack. We analysed time to second attack and to Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 3.0 according to number of Barkhof criteria and number of abnormal MMEPs. A complete study was performed in 245 patients who were followed for a mean of 76.4 months (interquartile range: 61 to 96). Seventy-one patients (29%) had the three EPs normal, 115 patients (47%) had one abnormal EP; 40 patients (16%) had two; and 19 patients (8%) had three abnormal EPs. Baseline MRI determined the risk for converting to clinically definite MS and correlated with disability according to previous studies. EPs individually did not modify the risk of conversion or disability. However, the presence of three abnormal EPs increased the risk of reaching moderate disability (hazard ratio 7.0; 1.4—34.9) independently of baseline MRI. In conclusion, in the presence of three abnormal EPs could help identify CIS patients with a higher risk of developing disability, independently of MRI findings. However, the utility of MMEPs is limited by the low percentage of CIS patients having the three abnormal at baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Pelayo
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, Institut Guttmann, Badalona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - X. Montalban
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T. Minoves
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D. Moncho
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Rio
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. Nos
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. Tur
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Castillo
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Horga
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Comabella
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - H. Perkal
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Rovira
- Magnetic Resonance Unit (Department of Radiology), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Tintoré
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,
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Llufriu S, Castillo J, Blanco Y, Ramio-Torrenta L, Rio J, Valles M, Lozano M, Castella MD, Calabia J, Horga A, Graus F, Montalban X, Saiz A. Plasma exchange for acute attacks of CNS demyelination: Predictors of improvement at 6 months. Neurology 2009; 73:949-53. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181b879be] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Comabella M, Domínguez C, Rio J, Martín-Gallán P, Vilches A, Vilarrasa N, Espejo C, Montalban X. Plasma chitotriosidase activity in multiple sclerosis. Clin Immunol 2009; 131:216-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2008] [Revised: 11/07/2008] [Accepted: 12/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Kragt JJ, Thompson AJ, Montalban X, Tintore M, Rio J, Polman CH, Uitdehaag B. Responsiveness and predictive value of EDSS and MSFC in primary progressive MS. Neurology 2008; 70:1084-91. [DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000288179.86056.e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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26
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Pelayo R, Tintoré M, Rovira A, Rio J, Nos C, Grivé E, Téllez N, Comabella M, Montalban X. Polyregional and hemispheric syndromes: a study of these uncommon first attacks in a CIS cohort. Mult Scler 2007; 13:731-6. [PMID: 17613600 DOI: 10.1177/1352458506074178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Clinically isolated syndromes (CIS) classically refer to optic neuritis (ON), brainstem or spinal cord syndromes. Less common first episodes suggestive of central nervous system (CNS) demyelination, such as hemispheric or clinically polyregional syndromes, have been only slightly studied. The aim of this study was to describe these CIS topographies in our cohort of patient with a CIS. We evaluated 320 patients with a CIS, and classified the topographies of the attacks according to clinical symptoms only into CIS of the optic nerve (123), brainstem (78), spinal cord (89), hemispheric (6), polyregional (12) or undetermined (12) topographies. Patients underwent brain MRI within three months of their first attack, and again 12 months later. Conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS), determined either clinically or by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), was evaluated according to topography. Hemispheric and polyregional syndromes were closer to brainstem or spinal cord syndromes than ON in clinical and MRI conversion terms, although a statistical analysis was not performed because of the small number of patients. There are differences between several studies in the definition, and, therefore, the prevalence of these so-called atypical CIS. Consensus on the denomination and definition of these syndromes must be reached. Multiple Sclerosis 2007; 13: 731-736. http://msj.sagepub.com
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pelayo
- Department of Neurology, Unit of Clinical Neuroinmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autonoma (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.
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Raguer N, Gratacós M, Lladó E, Lara N, Seoane J, Benito M, Rio J, Gámez J. FC35.3 Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), description of neurophysiological findings in 8 patients with early nerve conduction blocks. Clin Neurophysiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Rio J, Montalban X. Reply to D. S. Goodin. J Neurol 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-006-0098-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis is frequent, but the effect of immunomodulating drugs and mainly interferon beta (IFNbeta) on the neuropsychological aspects of the disease has not been fully studied. The data that we have are not conclusive. This paper reviews the effect of IFNbeta on cognition in the different clinical forms of the disease and the future directions of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Montalban
- Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica, Servei de Neurologia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
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Tintoré M, Rovira A, Rio J, Nos C, Grive E, Tellez N, Pelayo R, Comabella M, Montalban X. Is optic neuritis more benign than other first attacks in multiple sclerosis? Am J Ophthalmol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2005.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sriram U, Barcellos LF, Villoslada P, Rio J, Baranzini SE, Caillier S, Stillman A, Hauser SL, Montalban X, Oksenberg JR. Pharmacogenomic analysis of interferon receptor polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis. Genes Immun 2003; 4:147-52. [PMID: 12618863 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6363946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common inflammatory disease of the central nervous system characterized by progressive neurological dysfunction. No curative therapy is currently available, and approximately 80-90% of afflicted individuals are ultimately disabled. Interferon beta (IFNbeta) has been shown to decrease clinical relapses, reduce brain disease activity, and possibly slow progression of disability. However, the overall effect of treatment is partial and a substantial number of patients are considered poor or nonresponders. For this report, we tested the pharmacogenomic effects of eight polymorphisms in the interferon receptor genes (IFNAR1 and IFNAR2) in a group of 147 patients undergoing open-label IFNbeta therapy. Overall, no significant differences in the distribution of responders and nonresponders, classified based on prospectively acquired primary and secondary clinical end points, were observed when stratified by any of the studied IFNAR gene polymorphisms. A trend detected with a single nucleotide polymorphism SNP 16469 (A/T) located at the third intron of the IFNAR1 gene, suggesting modest association with relapse-free status, will require confirmation in an independent data set. In addition, no significant association was observed of any of the IFNAR gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to MS, as studied by a family-based association analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Sriram
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0435, USA
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32
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Affiliation(s)
- X Montalban
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, 2a Pianta Escola d'Infermeria, Barcelona, Spain
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Tintoré M, Rovira A, Martínez MJ, Rio J, Díaz-Villoslada P, Brieva L, Borrás C, Grivé E, Capellades J, Montalban X. Isolated demyelinating syndromes: comparison of different MR imaging criteria to predict conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2000; 21:702-6. [PMID: 10782781 PMCID: PMC7976636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Various authors have developed criteria to classify MR imaging findings that suggest the possibility of multiple sclerosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the capacity of three sets of MR imaging criteria for predicting the conversion of isolated demyelinating syndromes to clinically definite multiple sclerosis. METHODS Seventy patients with clinically isolated neurologic symptoms suggestive of multiple sclerosis were prospectively studied with MR imaging. The MR imaging findings were evaluated by two independent neuroradiologists who were blinded to clinical follow-up data. Based on the clinical outcome at follow-up (presence of a second attack that established clinically definite multiple sclerosis), the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the criteria proposed by Paty et al, Fazekas et al, and Barkhof et al were calculated. RESULTS Clinically definite multiple sclerosis developed in 22 (31%) patients after a mean follow-up time of 28.3 months. The criteria proposed by Paty et al and those proposed by Fazekas et al showed identical results: sensitivity, 86%; specificity, 54%; accuracy, 64%; positive predictive value, 46%; and negative predictive value, 89%. The criteria proposed by Barkhof et al showed the following: sensitivity, 73%; specificity, 73%; accuracy, 73%; positive predictive value, 55%; and negative predictive value, 85%. CONCLUSION The four dichotomized MR imaging parameters proposed by Barkhof et al are more specific and accurate than the criteria proposed by Paty et al or Fazekas et al for predicting conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tintoré
- Department of Neurology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospitals, Barcelona, Spain
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Rovira A, Alonso J, Cucurella G, Nos C, Tintoré M, Pedraza S, Rio J, Montalban X. Evolution of multiple sclerosis lesions on serial contrast-enhanced T1-weighted and magnetization-transfer MR images. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1999; 20:1939-45. [PMID: 10588122 PMCID: PMC7657782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Magnetization-transfer imaging is a technique that could provide indirect evidence of the characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. The purpose of this work was to study the evolution of MS lesions on T1-weighted MR images over time and to investigate changes in magnetization-transfer ratio (MTR) values of MS lesions with different initial appearances on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. METHODS Eleven patients with relapsing-remitting MS were studied with MR imaging. The MTRs were calculated for 47 lesions that had been classified according to their appearance on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. Each patient was examined at four time points over a 1-year period. The MTR changes observed in the selected lesions were compared with their initial T1-weighted appearance. RESULTS The lowest MTR values were initially found in hypointense nonenhancing lesions and in ring-enhancing lesions, with both types showing a hypointense center. Changes in MTR values were more dynamic and reversible in ring-enhancing than in hypointense nonenhancing plaques. Nodular-enhancing lesions had slightly lower initial MTRs than did isointense non-enhancing lesions. CONCLUSION The absence or presence of contrast uptake may indicate a different pathologic basis for hypointense MS lesions on T1-weighted MR images. These differences should be kept in mind when considering T1 lesion load as a surrogate marker of disability in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rovira
- Department of Radiology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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Sauleda S, Rio J, Montalban X, Martinez-Caceres E, Estebán JI, Guardia J. Lack of association between hepatitis G virus and multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998; 64:283. [PMID: 9489557 PMCID: PMC2169939 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.64.2.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Nos C, Comabella M, Tintoré M, Rio J, Codina A, Montalban X, Rovira A. High dose intravenous immunoglobulin does not improve abnormalities in the blood-brain barrier during acute relapse of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1996; 61:418. [PMID: 8890786 PMCID: PMC486589 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.61.4.418-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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37
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Paley M, Cozzone PJ, Alonso J, Vion-Dury J, Confort-Gouny S, Wilkinson ID, Chong WK, Hall-Craggs MA, Harrison MJ, Gili J, Rovira A, Capellades J, Rio J, Ocana I, Nicoli F, Dhiver C, Gastaut JL, Gastaut JA, Wicklow K, Sauter R. A multicenter proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of neurological complications of AIDS. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1996; 12:213-22. [PMID: 8835199 DOI: 10.1089/aid.1996.12.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection as seen in Europe and the United States has predominantly been contracted through male homosexual sex or intravenous drug abuse. In infected subjects, the brain is frequently affected both clinically and neuropathologically. The aim of this multicenter study has been to evaluate the value of single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the assessment of the neurological complications of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). MRS (voxel size = 8 ml, TR/TE = 1600/135 msec) was performed in 137 HIV-1-seropositive patients and 64 healthy controls without risk factors at three clinical MR sites operating at 1.5 T. The first result of this multicenter trial is that good reproducibility of results among participating sites was found. This demonstrates the reliability and robustness of MRS in the study of in vivo brain metabolism. In HIV patients, there was no significant correlation between metabolite ratios of brain detected by MRS and CDC grouping of patients or CD4 count. In contrast, the variations of brain metabolite ratios (NA/Cr, NA/Cho, and Cho/Cr) were related to the occurrence of encephalopathy, brain atrophy, or diffuse white matter lesions. There was no significant difference in brain metabolites between male homosexual AIDS patients and male intravenous drug user AIDS patients, whatever their neurological status (neurosymptomatic or neuroasymptomatic). Thus, the mode of transmission of HIV infection does not appear to affect the cerebral changes observed in the proton spectra from AIDS patients. Because of its ease of implementation and high information content, single-voxel proton MRS is likely to play a significant role in the evaluation of HIV-related encephalopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Paley
- Department of Imaging and Neurology, Middlesex Hospital and University College London Medical School, England
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Rovira A, Alonso J, Cucurella G, Nos C, Timoré M, Pedraza S, Rio J. Serial magnetization transfer and contrast-enhanced MR imaging in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0165-5728(95)99023-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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Tintore M, Parra R, Rio J, Duran I, Acarin N, Montalban J. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0165-5728(95)99005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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40
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Montalbán J, Rio J, Khamastha M, Davalos A, Codina M, Swana GT, Calcagnotto ME, Sumalla J, Mederer S, Gil A. Value of immunologic testing in stroke patients. A prospective multicenter study. Stroke 1994; 25:2412-5. [PMID: 7974582 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.25.12.2412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aims of this prospective and multicenter study were to determine the frequency of anticardiolipin and antinuclear antibodies in an unselected ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke population and to evaluate the clinical significance of these autoantibodies. METHODS Over a 1-year period, we collected plasma from 481 consecutive patients with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke attending four different hospitals. Blood (10 mL) was drawn from each subject into a citrated glass tube. Plasma was obtained immediately by centrifugation and was stored at -70 degrees C until use. Concentrations of IgM and IgG anticardiolipin antibodies were measured at room temperature in normal (not heat-treated) plasma by standardized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All sera were treated by indirect immunofluorescence on mouse liver and kidney sections for antinuclear antibodies. RESULTS A total of 481 patients (325 men, 156 women) 16 to 90 years in age (mean age, 61 years) were studied. Anticardiolipin antibodies were present in 5 of 481 (1.04%) patients. One patient was IgG positive and four patients were IgM positive. Of 481 patients, 35 (7.2%) were positive for antinuclear antibodies. Anti-DNA antibodies were not demonstrable in any patient. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of anticardiolipin antibodies in a heterogeneous stroke population is possibly lower than reported. The routine screening of anticardiolipin and antinuclear antibodies in a stroke population is of questionable value.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Montalbán
- Servei de Neurología, Hospital General Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
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Rio J, Manning T, Bidanset J, Balkon J, Trombetta L, Barletta M. An investigation of the toxic effects of combustion products--analysis of smoke components. J Anal Toxicol 1988; 12:274-8. [PMID: 3226125 DOI: 10.1093/jat/12.5.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive experimental design was developed to study the effects of thermal degradation products formed by the combustion of building materials on the behavior of rats. Three materials were studied. They were Douglas fir, wool, and polyvinyl chloride. Each material was tested under both flaming and nonflaming modes of combustion. The smoke and gases produced by each material were analyzed by specific gas detector tubes, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and infrared spectroscopy. Products measured during combustion included oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen cyanide, and hydrocarbons. Part of a much larger study, this paper will deal with the analytical aspects of the experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rio
- Nassau County Office of the Medical Examiner, East Meadow, New York 11554
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Rio J, Hodnett N, Bidanset JH. The determination of propoxyphene, norpropoxyphene, and methadone in postmortem blood and tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Anal Toxicol 1987; 11:222-4. [PMID: 3682782 DOI: 10.1093/jat/11.5.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the quantitative analysis of propoxyphene (PPX), its major metabolite, norpropoxyphene (NPPX), and methadone (METH) in blood and tissue specimens taken at autopsy in cases of suspected drug ingestion. Specimens are extracted into an organic solvent, back-extracted into acid, then reextracted into organic solvent and evaporated to dryness. The reconstituted extracts are subjected to analysis by reversed-phase ion-pair chromatography. The method is linear from 0.1 to 10 mg/L. Recoveries from blood are 86%, 93%, and 91% for PPX, NPPX, and METH respectively. Within-run coefficients of variation are 4.5%, 4.8%, and 2.6% and day-to-day coefficients of variation are 4.7%, 6.8%, and 3.7% for PPX, NPPX, and METH respectively at 1.0 mg/L for each drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rio
- Nassau County Office of the Medical Examiner, East Meadow, New York 11554
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