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Gounou C, Rouyer L, Siegfried G, Harté E, Bouvet F, d'Agata L, Darbo E, Lefeuvre M, Derieppe MA, Bouton L, Mélane M, Chapeau D, Martineau J, Prouzet-Mauleon V, Tan S, Souleyreau W, Saltel F, Argoul F, Khatib AM, Brisson AR, Iggo R, Bouter A. Inhibition of the membrane repair protein annexin-A2 prevents tumor invasion and metastasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 81:7. [PMID: 38092984 PMCID: PMC10719157 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells are exposed to major compressive and shearing forces during invasion and metastasis, leading to extensive plasma membrane damage. To survive this mechanical stress, they need to repair membrane injury efficiently. Targeting the membrane repair machinery is thus potentially a new way to prevent invasion and metastasis. We show here that annexin-A2 (ANXA2) is required for membrane repair in invasive breast and pancreatic cancer cells. Mechanistically, we show by fluorescence and electron microscopy that cells fail to reseal shear-stress damaged membrane when ANXA2 is silenced or the protein is inhibited with neutralizing antibody. Silencing of ANXA2 has no effect on proliferation in vitro, and may even accelerate migration in wound healing assays, but reduces tumor cell dissemination in both mice and zebrafish. We expect that inhibiting membrane repair will be particularly effective in aggressive, poor prognosis tumors because they rely on the membrane repair machinery to survive membrane damage during tumor invasion and metastasis. This could be achieved either with anti-ANXA2 antibodies, which have been shown to inhibit metastasis of breast and pancreatic cancer cells, or with small molecule drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gounou
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, University of Bordeaux, Bât. B14, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - L Rouyer
- INSERM, BRIC, U 1312, University of Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - G Siegfried
- INSERM, BRIC, U 1312, University of Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- XenoFish, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615, Pessac, France
| | - E Harté
- CNRS, LOMA, UMR 5798, University of Bordeaux, 33400, Talence, France
| | - F Bouvet
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, University of Bordeaux, Bât. B14, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - L d'Agata
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, University of Bordeaux, Bât. B14, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - E Darbo
- INSERM, BRIC, U 1312, University of Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - M Lefeuvre
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, University of Bordeaux, Bât. B14, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - M A Derieppe
- Animalerie Mutualisée, Service Commun des Animaleries, University of Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - L Bouton
- INSERM, BRIC, U 1312, University of Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - M Mélane
- CNRS, LOMA, UMR 5798, University of Bordeaux, 33400, Talence, France
| | - D Chapeau
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, University of Bordeaux, Bât. B14, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - J Martineau
- Animalerie Mutualisée, Service Commun des Animaleries, University of Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - V Prouzet-Mauleon
- INSERM, BRIC, U 1312, University of Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- CRISPRedit, TBMcore, UAR CNRS 3427, Inserm US 005, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - S Tan
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, University of Bordeaux, Bât. B14, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - W Souleyreau
- INSERM, BRIC, U 1312, University of Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - F Saltel
- INSERM, BRIC, U 1312, University of Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - F Argoul
- CNRS, LOMA, UMR 5798, University of Bordeaux, 33400, Talence, France
| | - A M Khatib
- INSERM, BRIC, U 1312, University of Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- XenoFish, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615, Pessac, France
- Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France
| | - A R Brisson
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, University of Bordeaux, Bât. B14, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - R Iggo
- INSERM, BRIC, U 1312, University of Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - A Bouter
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, University of Bordeaux, Bât. B14, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 33600, Pessac, France.
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Sapino G, Guiller D, Osinga R, Martineau J, De Santis G, Steinmetz S, di Summa PG. Muscle-only versus chimeric musculocutaneous gastrocnemius pedicled flap in complex orthoplastic reconstructions of the knee region: A retrospective study. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2023; 77:298-308. [PMID: 36610275 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The knee region represents a challenging area of soft tissue reconstruction. Specifically, in the context of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or following high-energy trauma with fractures and hardware fixation, soft tissue defects can expose critical structures such as joint, bone or tendon, besides the implant/plates themselves, with dramatic consequences in terms of postoperative infection and hardware contamination. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on a prospectively maintained database from January 2016 to February 2021. Inclusion criteria involved all patients who underwent an implant-associated infection of the knee and upper third of the leg coupled with a soft tissue reconstruction (STR) using the traditional gastrocnemius muscle (GM) pedicled flap or the chimeric GM-MSAP (medial sural artery perforator) flap. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients were included (group A, GM flap, 22 patients; group B, chimeric GM-MSAP flap, 16 patients). No statistically significant differences were detected in terms of age, comorbidities, defect size, follow-up, and flap complications. A statistically significant difference was seen among the groups in terms of successful flap re-raise (required because of a persistent infection of the implant or in a two-stage procedure setting, including the use of a cemented spacer) in favour of the GM-MSAP group. CONCLUSION The chimeric GM-MSAP, being safer to reraise if required, can be a significantly more powerful tool in those cases in which a two-stage procedure is planned or when there is a high probability for secondary intervention need, reducing the need to convert to either free flap coverage or amputation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sapino
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D Guiller
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - R Osinga
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Martineau
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G De Santis
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - S Steinmetz
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P G di Summa
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Hwang K, Baumann K, Brodsky A, Lutz K, Gerber D, Martineau J, Ginsburg OM, Smith JA, Levine DA, Pothuri B. Characteristics of probands with mutations predisposing to gynecologic cancers enrolled in a facilitated cascade testing protocol. J Clin Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e13682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e13682 Background: We sought to evaluate the feasibility of obtaining genetic testing (GT) for first- or second-degree (1°, 2°) family members of a proband known to have actionable germline mutation associated with endometrial and/or ovarian cancer through a coordinated referral system. Here we characterize the initial probands and discuss the time frame of their enrollment in facilitated cascade testing (CT). Methods: Patients with pathogenic mutations associated with gynecologic cancers were determined from cancer genetics and gynecologic oncology clinics. Consenting patients completed a RedCap survey on personal cancer history and history of GT. They were then asked to contact 1° and/or 2° relatives regarding their GT results. Relatives were advised to contact our team. Relatives who consented to the study were referred for GT and contacted for follow up to ascertain whether they received GT and/or took action to reduce cancer risk. Results: From 3/2019- 1/2020, this study has accrued 39 probands. The median age was 39 years (range: 25-68). The most commonly expressed gene mutations were BRCA1 or BRCA2 (87.18%, n=34). Other mutations included BRIP1, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2. The majority (62%) of probands had no personal history of cancer. Among those who had a history of cancer (n=15), 80% had breast and/or ovarian cancer, and 80% reported their genetic mutation was discovered at or after the time of their cancer diagnosis. Median age at time of enrollment in CT was 49 years (range: 29-66) for patients with a history of cancer and 32 years (range: 25- 68) for those without, (p=0.009). Among all probands, the median time between mutation identification and enrollment in CT was 2 years (range=0 to 11). There was no significant difference in time between mutation identification and enrollment in CT when comparing those with and without cancer histories (p=0.5). Conclusions: These results suggest that patients with pathogenic mutations predisposing to gynecologic cancer are willing to undergo CT even if they have no personal history of cancer. Patients with a history of cancer tend to be older at time of enrollment in CT, likely because most discover their genetic mutation at or after the time of cancer diagnosis. With an average of 2 years elapsed between time of mutation identification and enrollment in CT, there is need for expansion of CT accessibility. Increased education and awareness among patients and providers in identifying those who may benefit from CT, screening, and risk reducing surgery to prevent cancer is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Allison Brodsky
- University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA
| | | | - Deanna Gerber
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | - Ophira M. Ginsburg
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Lee SS, Frey MK, Gerber D, Schwartz ZP, Martineau J, Lutz K, Reese E, Dalton E, Olsen A, Girdler J, Pothuri B, Boyd LR, Curtin JP, Levine DA, Blank SV. Effect of genetic testing results on patient-reported quality of life among patients undergoing panel testing for newly diagnosed ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.1584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
1584 Background: This study compared patient-reported stress, anxiety, and depression between newly diagnosed ovarian cancer patients with pathogenic genetic testing results versus patients with non-informative results (i.e., variants of uncertain significance (VUS) or negative). Methods: Patients underwent genetic testing (GT) via a facilitated referral pathway (Frey et al, Gynecol Oncol 2020) through which they were referred for genetic counseling and GT by their gynecologic oncologist within six weeks of diagnosis from 10/2015 to 5/2019. English-speaking patients completed three quality of life (QoL) instruments: Impact of Events Scale (IOES), State-Trait Anxiety Questionnaire (STAI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) immediately pre-and post-GT and 6 months post GT. Two-way mixed ANOVA was performed to analyze effect of GT results on QoL over time with significance p < 0.05. Results: One hundred ten patients were enrolled in the pathway and 83 (76%) patients underwent GT. Among these, 15 (18%) had potentially actionable pathogenic mutations ( BRCA1-8, BRCA2-4, MSH2-2, MRE11A-1); 26 (31%) had VUS results; 3 (4%) had both a pathogenic mutation and a VUS result; and 42 (51%) had negative results. Sixty patients (72%) completed QoL assessments pre and post GT, and 37 (44%) patients at 6-9 months post GT. For all patients, GT results did not affect QoL scales across our time points. By mean scores across all-comers, patients demonstrated mild stress at each time point and clinically significant anxiety immediate post-GT. All patients had a statistically significance decrease in HADS depression scores over time from pre-GT to 6 months post-GT (mean score 4.98 vs 2.97, p = 0.020). Patients with VUS had lower HADS mean anxiety scores across time (3.62) compared to patients with pathogenic (7.44) or negative mutations (6.83, p = 0.029). For patients without mutations, there was a significant decrease in clinically significant anxiety by STAI-state score at 6 months (p = 0.002) and a decrease in borderline anxiety by HADS scores at 6 months (p = 0.005). This effect was not present for patients with pathogenic mutations or VUS. Conclusions: A pathogenic result does not impact QoL scales immediately pre or post GT or at 6 months post GT, though patients with negative mutations were more likely to show a decrease in anxiety over time. Patients should be recommended GT at time of diagnosis of ovarian cancer without concern of increased stress, anxiety, or depression based on GT results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S. Lee
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | - Deanna Gerber
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Kathleen Lutz
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Erin Reese
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Anne Olsen
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Julia Girdler
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
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Frey MK, Lee SS, Gerber D, Schwartz ZP, Martineau J, Lutz K, Reese E, Dalton E, Olsen A, Girdler J, Pothuri B, Boyd L, Curtin JP, Levine DA, Blank SV. Facilitated referral pathway for genetic testing at the time of ovarian cancer diagnosis: uptake of genetic counseling and testing and impact on patient-reported stress, anxiety and depression. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 157:280-286. [PMID: 32057464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Timely genetic testing at ovarian cancer diagnosis is essential as results impact front line treatment decisions. Our objective was to determine rates of genetic counseling and testing with an expedited genetics referral pathway wherein women with newly-diagnosed ovarian cancer are contacted by a genetics navigator to facilitate genetic counseling. METHODS Patients were referred for genetic counseling by their gynecologic oncologist, contacted by a genetics navigator and offered appointments for genetic counseling. Patients completed quality of life (QoL) surveys immediately pre- and post-genetic assessment and 6 months later. The primary outcome was feasibility of this pathway defined by presentation for genetic counseling. RESULTS From 2015 to 2018, 100 patients were enrolled. Seventy-eight had genetic counseling and 73 testing. Median time from diagnosis to genetic counseling was 34 days (range 10-189). Among patients who underwent testing, 12 (16%) had pathogenic germline mutations (BRCA1-7, BRCA2-4, MSH2-1). Sixty-five patients completed QoL assessments demonstrating stress and anxiety at time of testing, however, scores improved at 6 months. Despite the pathway leveling financial and logistical barriers, patients receiving care at a public hospital were less likely to present for genetic counseling compared to private hospital patients (56% versus 84%, P = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS Facilitated referral to genetic counselors at time of ovarian cancer diagnosis is effective, resulting in high uptake of genetic counseling and testing, and does not demonstrate a long term psychologic toll. Concern about causing additional emotional distress should not deter clinicians from early genetics referral as genetic testing can yield important prognostic and therapeutic information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah S Lee
- New York University Langone Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Deanna Gerber
- New York University Langone Medical Center, United States of America
| | | | - Jessica Martineau
- New York University Langone Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Lutz
- New York University Langone Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Erin Reese
- New York University Langone Medical Center, United States of America
| | | | - Annie Olsen
- New York University Langone Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Julia Girdler
- New York University Langone Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Bhavana Pothuri
- New York University Langone Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Leslie Boyd
- New York University Langone Medical Center, United States of America
| | - John P Curtin
- New York University Langone Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Douglas A Levine
- New York University Langone Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Stephanie V Blank
- Blavatnik Family Women's Health Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States of America
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Gerber D, Olsen A, Lee J, Fehniger J, Asgari S, Cantor A, Martineau J, Ginsburg O, Smith J, Levine D, Pothuri B. Risk-reducing surgery for BRCA mutations: Are we adhering to the guidelines? Gynecol Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.04.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lee SS, Frey MK, Gerber D, Schwartz Z, Martineau J, Lutz K, Reese E, Dalton E, Olsen A, Pothuri B, Boyd LR, Curtin JP, Blank SV. Facilitated referral pathway for genetic testing at the time of ovarian cancer diagnosis: Uptake of genetic assessment and testing and impact on patient-reported stress, anxiety and depression. J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.5552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S. Lee
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Deanna Gerber
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Kathleen Lutz
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Erin Reese
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Anne Olsen
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Leslie R. Boyd
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
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Lee J, Brodsky AL, Gerber D, Fehniger J, Asgari S, Cantor A, Martineau J, Smith JA, Ginsburg OM, Pothuri B. Importance of genetic counseling referrals for high-risk women with endometrial cancer despite intact mismatch repair immunohistochemistry. J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.1537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lee
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | - Deanna Gerber
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | - Shabnam Asgari
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Anna Cantor
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
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Frey MK, Lee SS, Schwartz Z, Gerber D, Martineau J, Lutz K, Reese E, Dalton E, Pothuri B, Curtin JP, Blank SV. A prospective study of stress, anxiety and depression response to undergoing genetic assessment at the time of ovarian cancer diagnosis. J Clin Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e13024 Background: Genetic assessment (GA) is recommended for all women with ovarian cancer however little is known about the psychological implications of this intervention. We sought to evaluate the psychological response to GA in newly diagnosed ovarian cancer patients as part of our facilitated genetics referral pathway. Methods: English-speaking patients with ovarian cancer undergoing GA at the time of cancer diagnosis completed three validated anxiety, stress and depression survey instruments immediately prior to and following GA and again 6-9 months after GA. Results: Forty-eight English-speaking patients underwent GA; 43 (90%) completed the pre-GA survey, 32 (67%) post-GA survey and 11 (23%) 6-9 months follow-up survey. Eight patients (17%) had documented psychiatric diagnoses (5 anxiety, 2 depression, 1 anxiety+depression) prior to cancer diagnosis. Overall, patients demonstrated mild to moderate stress, clinically significant anxiety and borderline depression (Table 1). There was no change in depression, anxiety or stress scores when comparing pre- to post-GA surveys. Age, stage, method of treatment, performance status at enrollment and history of psychiatric disorders were not associated with anxiety, stress or depression. Conclusions: A genetic testing pathway whereby GA is encouraged and facilitated at the time of diagnosis has not increased patient depression, anxiety or stress in our cohort. Concern about causing additional emotional distress should not deter clinicians from early genetics referral. [Table: see text]
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Chern JY, Madden N, Lee J, Gerber D, Cantor A, Asgari S, Martineau J, Pothuri B. Utility of multi-gene panel testing with next generation sequencing in women with endometrial cancer. J Clin Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.5588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
5588 Background: Lynch syndrome (LS) accounts for 2-6% of all endometrial cancers (EC), and women with a germline mutation in the mismatch repair (MMR) genes ( MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2) have an average lifetime risk of EC of 40%. As with breast and ovarian cancer syndromes, there are likely other genes implicated in the development of EC outside of the MMR genes. Multi-gene panel testing (MGPT) with next generation sequencing (NGS) allows for simultaneous analysis of numerous genes.We sought to evaluate the characteristics and incidence of gene mutations in women with newly diagnosed EC. Methods: We conducted a review of EC patients diagnosed from 6/2013 to 12/2016 who had MGPT at our institution. Demographics, family history, genetic testing results, and tumor characteristics were collected and analyzed using χ2 tests. Results: Of the 129 patients who had MGPT, 13 (10%) had a mutation and only 5 (38%) were in patients < 50 years old. The median age of EC diagnosis is 55 (31-100) years and median BMI = 27.5 (21-59). Majority were stage 1, 76 (59%) and grade 1, 50 (39%). Patients with additional primary cancers, breast or colon were not more likely to have a mutation. However, patients with a family history of gynecologic cancer were more likely to have a mutation identified, 10 (77%) mutation vs no mutation 34 (29%), p = 0.003. Among all patients tested, 8 (6%) had a mutation in LS genes, and 6 (5%) had mutations in other genes ( BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51C, MUTYH, CHEK2); 1 (0.8%) had both MSH2 and CHEK2 mutation. Three patients had prior testing for breast cancer; 2 were found to have a BRCA1/ 2 mutation and the other was on Tamoxifen and BRCA negative. IHC was performed on 7 of 13 patients, and 5 (71%) had a loss of MMR protein expression. Variants of uncertain significance were noted in 35/129 (27%) of patients tested. Conclusions: Majority of EC patients with a mutation detected with NGS were > age 50. We identified additional new mutations in non-LS genes including, CHEK2, RAD51C, and MUYTH with MGPT. These accounted for 29% of the mutations and would have not been not detected using classic LS gene testing. These genes are implicated in breast, ovary or colon cancer. MGPT testing is feasible and useful in identifying additional actionable gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nigel Madden
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jessica Lee
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
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Frey MK, Sandler G, Sobolev R, Kim SH, Chambers R, Bassett RY, Martineau J, Sapra KJ, Boyd L, Curtin JP, Pothuri B, Blank SV. Multigene panels in Ashkenazi Jewish patients yield high rates of actionable mutations in multiple non-BRCA cancer-associated genes. Gynecol Oncol 2017; 146:123-128. [PMID: 28495237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the results of multigene panel testing among Ashkenazi Jewish compared with non-Ashkenazi Jewish patients. METHODS We reviewed the medical records for all patients who underwent multigene panel testing and targeted BRCA1/2 testing at a single institution between 6/2013-1/2015. Clinical actionability for identified pathogenic mutations was characterized based on the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines and consensus statements and expert opinion for genes not addressed by these guidelines. RESULTS Four hundred and fifty-four patients underwent multigene panel screening, including 138 Ashkenazi Jewish patients. The median patient age was fifty-two years. Three hundred and fifty-four patients (78%) had a personal history of cancer. Two hundred and fifty-one patients had breast cancer, 49, ovarian cancer, 26, uterine cancer and 20, colorectal cancer. We identified 62 mutations in 56 patients and 291 variants of uncertain significance in 196 patients. Among the 56 patients with mutations, 51 (91%) had actionable mutations. Twenty mutations were identified by multigene panels among Ashkenazi Jewish patients, 18 of which were in genes other than BRCA1/2. A review of targeted BRCA1/2 testing performed over the same study period included 103 patients and identified six mutations in BRCA1/2, all of which occurred in Ashkenazi Jewish patients. Among all Ashkenazi Jewish patients undergoing genetic testing, 25/183 (14%) had a mutation, 24/25 of which were actionable (96%) and 17/25 patients (68%) had mutations in non BRCA1/2 genes. CONCLUSIONS With the rapid acceptance of multigene panels there is a pressing need to understand how this testing will affect patient management. While traditionally many Ashkenazi Jewish patients have undergone targeted BRCA1/2 testing, our data suggest consideration of multigene panels in this population as the majority of the results are clinically actionable and often in genes other than BRCA1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriella Sandler
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rachel Sobolev
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sarah H Kim
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rachelle Chambers
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rebecca Y Bassett
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jessica Martineau
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Leslie Boyd
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - John P Curtin
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bhavana Pothuri
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Stephanie V Blank
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
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Frey M, Sandler G, Sobolev R, Kim S, Chambers R, Bassett R, Martineau J, Blank. S. Higher rates of clinically actionable multigene panel results in Ashkenazi Jewish patients. Gynecol Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Frey MK, Kim SH, Bassett RY, Martineau J, Dalton E, Chern JY, Blank SV. Rescreening for genetic mutations using multi-gene panel testing in patients who previously underwent non-informative genetic screening. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 139:211-5. [PMID: 26296696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The availability of next-generation sequencing and identification of multiple cancer-related genes has caused a shift away from single gene testing towards multi-gene panel testing for hereditary cancer syndromes. However, the utility of panels in individuals who previously underwent non-informative genetic screening has yet to be evaluated. We aim to evaluate the use of rescreening and results of multi-gene panels in this rescreened population. METHODS We reviewed the medical records for patients who had previously undergone genetic testing and then underwent multi-gene panel testing at a single institution between 9/2013 and 11/2014. RESULTS One hundred and twenty-seven patients with prior genetic testing underwent multi-gene panels. One hundred and four patients (82%) had a history of cancer and 118 (93%) had at least one family member with cancer. On primary testing, no pathogenic mutations were detected and 10 patients (8%) were found to have variants of uncertain significance (VUS). On repeat multi-gene panel testing, nine patients (7%) were found to have a pathogenic mutation and 53 patients (42%) were VUS not identified on prior testing. CONCLUSIONS Seven percent of patients with non-informative primary testing were found to have a pathogenic mutation with multi-gene panels, suggesting that there is a potential benefit to be gained from rescreening. However, 42% of patients were found to have new VUS with panels, a result that can cause patients anxiety without clear clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K Frey
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, US.
| | - Sarah H Kim
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, US
| | | | | | | | - Jing-Yi Chern
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, US
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14
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Chern JY, Lee SS, Frey MK, Bassett R, Martineau J, Blank S. The influence of BRCA variants of uncertain significance in cancer risk management decision-making. J Clin Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.33.15_suppl.1555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Chern
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Sarah S. Lee
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
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15
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Frey MK, Kim SH, Martineau J, Yee Bassett R, Blank SV. Is there a role for multi-gene screening panels in patients who previously underwent noninformative genetic testing? J Clin Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.33.15_suppl.1536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah H Kim
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
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16
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Kim S, Frey M, Yee Bassett R, Martineau J, Blank S. Rescreening for genetic mutations using multi-gene panel testing in patients who previously underwent noninformative genetic screening. Gynecol Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.01.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Roché L, Hernandez N, Blanc R, Bonnet-Brilhault F, Centelles L, Schmitz C, Martineau J. Discrimination between biological motion with and without social intention: a pilot study using visual scanning in healthy adults. Int J Psychophysiol 2013; 88:47-54. [PMID: 23376597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human beings have a detailed understanding of others' action and body language allowing them to adapt their behaviour for effective social interaction. A proper selection of human motion deserving a social intention over the many human motion surrounding them may be executed by overt visual-spatial attention. The aim of this study was to characterize eye movements in 32 healthy adults while exploring Social and Non-social human biological motion using an eye tracking method according to two paradigms. The "preferential looking paradigm" revealed that the first fixation is more often on the Non-social Motion than Social Motion but the first fixations duration are longer on Social Motion. Moreover, with the same paradigm, subjects spent a greater looking time percentage on Social Motion than Non-social Motion, no matter whether discrimination between categories was asked for or not. In the "blocks paradigm" the looking time percentage varied by the body parts (chests, pelvis and legs) and its distribution was different between categories. Eye movements revealed a spontaneous, fast and durable bias of overt visual-spatial attention favouring the perception of Social Motion and a different visual scanpath for Social compared to Non-social human biological motion. These findings constitute a basis for the investigation of a 'social intention' bias in perception of human biological motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Roché
- Laboratoire Imagerie et Cerveau, U930, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Tours, France.
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18
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Bauer JD, Hiscocks K, Fichera R, Horsley P, Martineau J, Denmeade S, Bannister M, de Groot E, Lee S, Waterhouse M. Nutritional status of long-term patients in the acute care setting. Intern Med J 2012; 42:1251-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2012.02950.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. D. Bauer
- Centre for Dietetics Research; School of Human Movement Studies; University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland Australia
- The Wesley Hospital; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - K. Hiscocks
- Centre for Dietetics Research; School of Human Movement Studies; University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - R. Fichera
- The Wesley Hospital; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - P. Horsley
- The Wesley Hospital; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - J. Martineau
- The Wesley Hospital; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - S. Denmeade
- The Wesley Hospital; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - M. Bannister
- The Wesley Hospital; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - E. de Groot
- The Wesley Hospital; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - S. Lee
- The Wesley Hospital; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - M. Waterhouse
- The Wesley Research Institute; Brisbane Queensland Australia
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19
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Martineau J, Hernandez N, Roché L, Bonnet-Brilhault F. Pupil size and pupil reactivity to faces in children with autism spectrum disorders. Int J Psychophysiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.06.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Lauvin MA, Martineau J, Destrieux C, Andersson F, Bonnet-Brilhault F, Gomot M, El-Hage W, Cottier JP. Functional morphological imaging of autism spectrum disorders: Current position and theories proposed. Diagn Interv Imaging 2012; 93:139-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2012.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Martineau J, Hernandez N, Roché L, Andersson F, Bonnet-Brilhault F. Emotional faces, avatars and objects: Visual fixation patterns in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Int J Psychophysiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.06.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Andersson F, Hernandez N, Destrieux C, Cottier JP, Barthélemy C, Martineau J. Perception of facial expressions and avatars in autism. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)70378-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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23
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Bauer JD, Isenring E, Torma J, Horsley P, Martineau J. Nutritional status of patients who have fallen in an acute care setting. J Hum Nutr Diet 2007; 20:558-64. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-277x.2007.00832.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Cottier JP, Martineau J, Destrieux C, Gomot M, Hemery D, Bruneau N, Barthelemy C, Herbreteau D. CO-30 - Imagerie morphologique et fonctionnelle de l’autisme. J Neuroradiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0150-9861(06)77150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Abstract
This study was designed to relate visual perception of motion (HUMAN, ANIMAL and VIRTUAL) to cortical activity (qEEG parameters). Thirty-four healthy right-handed children (29 months-94 months, mean age 5 years) viewed a video film showing a still image (a lake) and animated images with human, animal and virtual movement. EEGs were recorded while the children watched the video film. The power values of each frequency band theta 1: 3.5-5.5 Hz, theta 2: 5.5-7.5 Hz, alpha 1: 7.5-10.5 Hz, alpha 2: 10.5-13 Hz, beta 1: 13-18 Hz, beta 2: 18-25 Hz and beta 3: 25-35 Hz were analyzed in a four-way repeated-measures ANOVA (age x hemisphere x electrode x type of activation). Three main results were obtained: (1) younger children (< 5 years) showed higher power spectral values than older children; (2) there was specificity for real human movement in the left hemisphere; and (3) activations in the left- and right-hemispheres were different according to the movement visualized. These results indicate that in healthy children, human, animal and virtual movement activates different cortical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martineau
- Inserm Unit 316, Neurophysiology in Child Psychiatry, University Hospital Bretonneau, 2 boulevard Tonnellé, Tours 37044, France.
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26
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Adrien JL, Rossignol-Deletang N, Martineau J, Couturier G, Barthelemy C. Regulation of cognitive activity and early communication development in young autistic, mentally retarded, and young normal children. Dev Psychobiol 2001; 39:124-36. [PMID: 11568882 DOI: 10.1002/dev.1036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Based on the Piagetian framework, this study examined regulation of cognitive activity and developmental communication profiles and their interrelationship in groups of autistic, mentally retarded, and normal children of comparable overall, verbal, and oculo-manual developmental ages (from 6 to 24 months). Regulation of activity was assessed with both an object permanence test and an original behavior grid, and development of communication skills with the Guidetti-Tourrette scales (French adaptation of the Seibert-Hogan scales). The results showed evidence of certain types of dysregulation of cognitive activity and a general delay in communication ability in autistic children compared to the other two groups. Moreover, although the intensity of some of these disorders decreased in relation to the developmental levels of social interaction and joint attention in normal children, they were related to both high and low levels of development of social interaction only in autistic children. These findings raise the hypothesis of a relationship between a disorder of disengaging from an activity and developmental levels of social interaction noted at two transitory periods of early development (12 and 24 months) only in children with autism. Developmental and neuropsychological interpretations of this particular pattern are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Adrien
- INSERM Unit 316-Pédopsychiatrie, C. H. U. Bretonneau-2, Boulevard, Tonnellé, 37044 Tours Cédex, France
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Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to relate observations of biological motion to cortical activity by evaluation of the association of quantified electroencephalogram (qEEG) parameters with a video film projection. Thirty right-handed healthy children (2-8-year-olds) viewed a video film showing still shots and moving shots with human movement or object movement. The EEG was recorded while children watched the video movie and was then subjected to spectral analysis; the spectral powers for theta, alpha and beta bands were matched with corresponding sequences of video film. The power values of each frequency band were analysed in a four-way repeated-measures ANOVA (Age x Hemisphere x Electrode x Sequence). Three main results were obtained: (i) younger children (2-4-year-olds) had higher power spectral values than older children (5-8-year-olds); (ii) greater EEG desynchronization of the left hemisphere was observed; (iii) observation of biological movement was related to a significant decrease in theta 1 and theta 2 power values of EEG in fronto-temporal and central regions of the left hemisphere compared with visual perception of still shots or nonhuman movement. These results indicated some support for the theory that the sensori-motor cortex and Broca's area are activated during visual observation of human motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cochin
- INSERM U316, Service Universitaire d'Explorations Fonctionnelles et Neurophysiologie en Pédopsychiatrie, CHU Bretonneau, 2, Bld Tonnellé, 37044 Tours cedex, France. of-tours.fr
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28
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Vancassel S, Durand G, Barthélémy C, Lejeune B, Martineau J, Guilloteau D, Andrès C, Chalon S. Plasma fatty acid levels in autistic children. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2001; 65:1-7. [PMID: 11487301 DOI: 10.1054/plef.2001.0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid fatty acids are major structural components of neuronal cell membranes, which modulate membrane fluidity and hence function. Evidence from clinical and biochemical sources have indicated changes in the metabolism of fatty acids in several psychiatric disorders. We examined the phospholipid fatty acids in the plasma of a population of autistic subjects compared to mentally retarded controls. Our results showed a marked reduction in the levels of 22: 6n-3 (23%) in the autistic subjects, resulting in significantly lower levels of total (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (20%), without significant reduction in the (n-6) PUFA series, and consequently a significant increase in the (n-6)/(n-3) ratio (25%). These variations are discussed in terms of potential differences in PUFA dietary intake, metabolism, or incorporation into cellular membranes between the two groups of subjects. These results open up interesting perspectives for the investigation of new biological indices in autism. Moreover, this might have new therapeutic implications in terms of child nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vancassel
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et Sécurité Alimentaire, INRA, domaine de Vilvert, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas cedex, France.
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29
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Mbarek O, Marouillat S, Martineau J, Barthélémy C, Müh JP, Andres C. Association study of the NF1 gene and autistic disorder. Am J Med Genet 1999; 88:729-32. [PMID: 10581497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is increased about 150-fold in autistic patients. The aim of this study was to test for an association between the NF1 locus and autistic disorder. The allele distributions of three markers of the NF1 gene were studied in 85 autistic patients and 90 controls. No differences in allele distributions were observed. However, we found a new allele (allele 5) of the GXAlu marker in four autistic patients. Allele 5 was absent in a larger control population (213 individuals). The patients with allele 5 had a more severe clinical picture, mainly in the fields of motility and tonus. Our preliminary results suggest that the NF1 region is not a major susceptibility locus for autism. However, the GXAlu marker of the NF1 gene appears as a possible candidate for a susceptibility locus in a small subgroup of severely affected autistic patients. Am. J. Med. Genet. (Neuropsychiatr. Genet.) 88:729-732, 1999.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Mbarek
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, INSERM U 316, Tours Cedex, France
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30
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Abstract
Quantified electroencephalography (qEEG) was used to compare cerebral electrical variations while human subjects (10 males and 10 females) were observing and executing finger movements and while they were resting. Video recording enabled elimination of subjects performing involuntary movements. EEGs were recorded from 14 sites in seven frequency bands: theta 1, theta 2, alpha 1, alpha, beta 1, beta 2 and beta 3. Analyses were performed on logarithmically transformed absolute spectral power values. Both observation and execution of finger movements involved a decrease in spectral power compared with resting. This decrease was significant only for the alpha 1 frequency band (7.5-10.5 Hz) and it involved nine of the 14 electrode locations (F7, F8, F4, T6, T5, C3, C4, P3 and P4). This indicates that the motor cortex and the frontal cortex are specifically activated by both observation and execution of finger movements. These results provide evidence that observation and execution of movement share the same cortical network.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cochin
- INSERM U316, Service de universitaire d'explorations fonctionnelles et neurophysiologie en pédopsychiatire, CHU Bretonneau, Tours, France.
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31
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Lelord G, Adrien JL, Barthelemy C, Bruneau N, Dansart P, Garreau B, Hameury L, Lenoir P, Martineau J, Muh JP, Perrot A, Roux S, Sauvage D. [Further clinical evaluations elicited by functional biological investigations in childhood autism]. Encephale 1998; 24:541-9. [PMID: 9949937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
As childhood autism is usually considered as a developmental disorder, complete assessment of each patient requires non only clinical examination but various biological investigations: EEG and evoked potentials recordings, biochemical dosages and sometimes, cerebral blood flow measures, molecular biologic explorations.... These investigations help to understand neurophysiological dysfunctionings which underly different autistic syndromes. It therefore seems necessary to develop quantified clinical tools which could allow closer matching between clinical evaluations and biological numerical data. These complementary evaluations must be both simple and quick to perform in medical practice, as they are added to an already heavy clinical examination. The main tools used in our bioclinical Department are described here. For each child, psychiatric, pediatric and neurological examination was performed. Different scales were progressively elaborated and validated to complete and precise behavioral parameters. Attention and perception were evaluated by a Behavior Summarized Evaluation (BSE) scale, association and imitation by appropriate scales, language by the Pre-Verbal Behavior Summarized Evaluation (PV-BSE) scale, early symptoms by the Infant Behavior Summarized Evaluation (t-BSE) scale. The main neurophysiological dysfunctionings were grouped in a Behavioral Functional Inventory (BFI). Clinical genetic data were scored in a summarized assessment carrying both on the antecedents and on the somatic abnormalities. The completed clinical data were gathered in a Quantified Multidimensional Assessment (QMA), with four axes: socialization, communication, cognition and neurological observation. These clinical evaluations provide behavioral details that can be integrated into a bioclinical database and give an objective approach to the heterogeneity of autism. They invite both clinicians and biologists to deepen the description of individual profiles which allow better understanding of physiopathological mechanisms in autistic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lelord
- Unité INSERM 316, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours
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32
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Abstract
This study was designed to relate visual perception of motion to cortical activity, by evaluation of the association of quantified electroencephalogram (qEEG) parameters with a video film projection. The EEG was recorded from 14 sites according to the International 10-20 system and a common average reference was used. Forty right-handed volunteers (mean age = 24 years) were examined. The video film consisted of 20 s sequences showing still shots and moving shots with human movements or object movements. The EEG was then subjected to spectral analysis; the spectral powers for the theta, alpha and beta bands were calculated for 14 s epochs and compared with sequences of the video film. All analyses were based on logarithmically transformed absolute spectral power values. The power values of each frequency band were analysed in a 3-way repeated measure ANOVA (Hemisphere x Electrode x Sequence). The results were represented by EEG cartography. Significant decreases in the alpha 1, beta 1 and beta 2 power values of EEG in centro-parietal regions of both hemispheres were shown during perception of human motion sequences. This suggests participation of the sensorimotor cortex during visual observation of human motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cochin
- INSERM U316, Service Universitaire d'Explorations Fonctionnelles et Neurophysiologie en Pédopsychiatrie, CHU Bretonneau, Tours, France
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33
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Abstract
The gene Sry acts as a switch, initiating pathways leading to the differentiation of a testis rather than an ovary from the indifferent gonad (genital ridge) in mammals. The early events following Sry expression include rapid changes in the topographical organization of cells in the XY gonad. Sry must therefore initiate signaling pathways that direct male-specific patterns of proliferation, migration, cell-cell organization, and vascularization. We have identified an increase in male-specific proliferation by 12.0 days post coitum, while proliferation in the female gonad declines. We have also observed male-specific cell migration from the mesonephros into the gonad in a composite organ culture system in which gonads from wild-type mice (CD1) and mesonephroi from a transgenic strain expressing beta-galactosidase in all its cells (ROSA26) were grafted together in vitro at the indifferent stage of gonadogenesis. Migration depends on an active signal that requires the presence of a Y chromosome in the gonadal portion of the graft. The signals that trigger migration operate over considerable distances, suggesting either a long-range diffusible factor or the involvement of a rapid and efficient relay mechanism. Identification of the somatic cells contributed from the mesonephros with cell-specific markers indicated that some of the migrating cells were endothelial, revealing differences in processes of vascularization between male and female gonads. A second distinct population of migrating cells lay in close apposition to endothelial cells, and a third population occupied positions circumscribing areas of condensing Sertoli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Brennan
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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Lelord G, Cochin S, Adrien JL, Barthélémy C, Martineau J. [Latent imitation of human movements presented on a videoscopic screen, disclosed by electroencephalographic mapping in the spectator]. Bull Acad Natl Med 1998; 182:833-42; discussion 843-4. [PMID: 9673066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Trend to imitate human movement is studied here by EEG mapping. The effects of three kinds of situations are compared: a movement on a TV screen is presented to the subject; a movement is realized by the experimenter in front of the subject; the subject is asked to perform a movement. These three situations elicited important modifications in alpha 1 rhythms over the centroparietal area of the scalp. These results are discussed according to neurophysiological and neuropsychological data, including the possible role of frontal lobe in imitation. Preliminary experiments in psychopathology concern imitation disturbances in autistic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lelord
- Correspondant national de l'Académie de médecine
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Verdot L, Garreau B, Barthelemy C, Martineau J, Ferrer-Di-Martino M, Muh JP, Hoebeke J. Immunoreactivity of sera to a peptide derived from the serotonin 5-HT1A receptor in a group of children with developmental disorders: possible role in non-autistic epilepsy. Int J Mol Med 1998; 1:185-9. [PMID: 9852218 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.1.1.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of autoantibodies against the serotoninergic 5-HT1A receptor has been reported in serum from an autistic child using radioligand binding studies. It is now well established that, in cardiovascular diseases with an autoimmune component, patients present in their sera autoantibodies directed against the second extracellular loop of some G-protein coupled membrane receptors. We thus investigated by an enzyme-immunoassay method the presence of anti-5-HT1A receptor antibodies in sera of children with developmental disorders using synthetic peptides corresponding to the first and the second extracellular loops of this receptor. The population of children with developmental disorders was divided in autistic children with or without EEG abnormalities, and in non-autistic children with or without EEG abnormalities. We found that 6 out of 10 sera of non-autistic children with an abnormal EEG recognized the second extracellular loop of the 5-HT1A receptor. This is significantly higher than the other groups of children with developmental disorders or a healthy control group. These observations support the existence of an autoimmune component in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Verdot
- CJF 93/09 Immunologie des Maladies Infectieuses, F-37200 Tours, France
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36
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The gene Sry acts as a developmental switch, initiating a pathway of gene activity that leads to the differentiation of testis rather than ovary from the indifferent gonad (genital ridge) in mammalian embryos. The early events following Sry expression include rapid changes in the topographical organization of cells in the XY gonad. To investigate the contribution of mesonephric cells to this process, gonads from wild-type mice (CD1), and mesonephroi from a transgenic strain ubiquitously expressing beta-galactosidase (ROSA26), were grafted together in vitro. After culture, organs were fixed and stained for beta-galactosidase activity to identify cells contributed from the mesonephros to the male or female gonad. RESULTS Migration of mesonephric cells occurred into XY but not XX gonads from 11.5-16.5 days post coitum (dpc). Somatic cells contributed from the mesonephros were distinguished by their histological location and by available cell-specific markers. Some of the migrating cells were endothelial; a second population occupied positions circumscribing areas of condensing Sertoli cells; and a third population lay in close apposition to endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS OFFgration from the mesonephros to the gonad is male specific at this stage of development and depends on an active signal that requires the presence of a Y chromosome in the gonad. The signals that trigger migration operate over considerable distances and behave as chemoattractants. We suggest that migration of cells into the bipotential gonad may have a critical role in initiating the divergence of development towards the testis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martineau
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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37
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Abstract
Whole blood and urinary levels of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) and the derivative urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were measured in normal and autistic subjects. An association was tested between autism and a marker coding for the 5-HT2A serotonergic receptor gene. Significant group (high urinary 5-HT and low whole blood 5-HT in autism) and age effects (urinary 5-HT decrease with age) were found. Moreover, whole blood 5-HT levels were correlated with clinical state. No differences in allele and genotype frequencies for the 5-HT2A receptor marker were found in this autistic population compared with age-matched healthy students.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hérault
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, INSERM U 316, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
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38
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Hérault J, Petit E, Martineau J, Perrot A, Lenoir P, Cherpi C, Barthélémy C, Sauvage D, Mallet J, Müh JP. Autism and genetics: clinical approach and association study with two markers of HRAS gene. Am J Med Genet 1995; 60:276-81. [PMID: 7485261 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320600404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Twin studies and familial aggregation studies indicate that genetic factors could play a role in infantile autism. In an earlier study, we identified a possible positive association between autism and a c-Harvey-ras (HRAS) oncogene marker at the 3' end of the coding region. In an attempt to confirm this finding, we studied a larger population, well-characterized clinically and genetically. We report a positive association between autism and two HRAS markers, the 3' marker used in the initial study and an additional marker in exon 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hérault
- INSERM U316, Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale, Tours, France
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39
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Adrien JL, Martineau J, Barthélémy C, Bruneau N, Garreau B, Sauvage D. Disorders of regulation of cognitive activity in autistic children. J Autism Dev Disord 1995; 25:249-63. [PMID: 7559291 DOI: 10.1007/bf02179287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Infantile autism is a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by disturbances concerning not only the areas of socialization and communication ("aloneness") but also the ability to modify and change behavior ("need for sameness"). In most recent studies, various abnormal and deviant cognitive activities, such as the ability to regulate one's behavior, were considered as accounting for these signs. In this report, we examined the regulation of cognitive activity, from a developmental perspective in comparing autistic with mentally retarded children matched in a pairwise manner by global, verbal, and nonverbal developmental ages. All children were tested with tasks adapted from the Object Permanence Test which corresponds to Piaget's sensorimotor development Stages IV to VI. Results showed that autistic children had a pervasive difficulty in maintenance set, made more perseverative errors when the abstraction degree of task was higher, and were more variable in their behavioral strategies. Discussion is focused on the interests and limits of these tasks for the examination of regulation activity from diagnostic and developmental perspectives. Finally, interpretations about recent neuropsychological and neurophysiological works, and additional interdisciplinary studies are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Adrien
- Département de Psychopathologie de l'Enfant et de Neurophysiologie du Développement, C.H.U. Bretonneau, Tours, France
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40
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Petit E, Hérault J, Martineau J, Perrot A, Barthélémy C, Hameury L, Sauvage D, Lelord G, Müh JP. Association study with two markers of a human homeogene in infantile autism. J Med Genet 1995; 32:269-74. [PMID: 7643354 PMCID: PMC1050373 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.32.4.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological data and family studies in autism show that there is a genetic susceptibility factor in the aetiology of this syndrome. We carried out an association study in infantile autism. Two markers of the homeogene EN2 involved in cerebellar development were tested in a population of 100 autistic children and in a population of 100 control children. With the MP4 probe showing a PvuII polymorphism, significant differences in the allele frequencies between the two populations were found (chi 2 = 7.99, df = 1, p < 0.01). With the MP5 probe showing an SstI polymorphism, no difference appeared (chi 2 = 1.17, not significant). Several clinical examinations allowed us to characterise the autistic children. Most of them had high scores for autistic behaviour and language disorders but low scores for neurological syndromes. Two children had a significant family history and six children had confirmed syndromes or diseases of genetic origin. Discriminant analysis between clinical and molecular data did not give significant results. These preliminary results must be supported by further analyses of this gene and by studies of its potential involvement in the pathophysiology of the autistic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Petit
- INSERM U316, CHU Bretonneau, Tours, France
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41
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Abstract
The authors determined levels of dopamine (DA) and its derivatives homovanillic acid (HVA), 3-4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), 3 methoxytyramine and norepinephrine + epinephrine (NE + E) in the urine, and DA, E and NE in the whole blood of 50 autistic children aged between 1 year 11 months and 16 years. An association was tested for between markers coding for the enzymes and D3 dopaminergic receptor genes implicated in the monoaminergic pathway and autism, using restriction fragment-length polymorphism. There were significant modifications of catecholamine metabolites, but no difference for allele frequencies of the genes coding for tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine beta hydroxylase and DRD3 in this population compared with a healthy school population matched for chronological age. However, some of the data encourage a more complete study of chromosome 11.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martineau
- INSERUM U316, Département de Neurophysiologie et de Psychopathologie du développement, CHU Bretonneau, Tours, France
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42
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Hérault J, Martineau J, Petit E, Perrot A, Sauvage D, Barthélémy C, Mallet J, Müh JP, Lelord G. Genetic markers in autism: association study on short arm of chromosome 11. J Autism Dev Disord 1994; 24:233-6. [PMID: 7913707 DOI: 10.1007/bf02172100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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43
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Hérault J, Petit E, Buchler M, Martineau J, Cherpi C, Perrot A, Sauvage D, Barthelemy C, Muh JP, Lelord G. Lack of association between three genetic markers of brain growth factors and infantile autism. Biol Psychiatry 1994; 35:281-3. [PMID: 8186333 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3223(94)91260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Hérault
- Department of Biochemistry, INSERM U 316, Tours, France
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44
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Adrien JL, Lenoir P, Martineau J, Perrot A, Hameury L, Larmande C, Sauvage D. Blind ratings of early symptoms of autism based upon family home movies. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1993; 32:617-26. [PMID: 7684363 DOI: 10.1097/00004583-199305000-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Ratings of family home movies of 12 infants (0 to 2 years old) who were later diagnosed as autistic and 12 normal infants were performed by two diagnosis-blind psychiatrists with Infant Behavior Summarized Evaluation scale. The objective was to identify early symptoms of autism and their intensity and frequency before and after 1 year of age. Several pathological types of behavior related to socialization, communication, motility, and attention were noted during the first year of infant life and differentiated autistic and normal groups. These same differentiating behaviors, observed again in the second year, were more intense and associated with other pathological types of behavior, in particular, gaze avoidance, hypoactivity, and absence of emotional expressions. Analysis of the evolution of behavioral pathology in autistic children as a group during the 2 first years of life confirms the persistence of and the increase in some types of abnormality related to socialization, communication, motility, and attention functions. The limitations and values of this study concerning the early identification of autistic symptoms and functional impairments from home movies for diagnosis and establishing individualized treatment program are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Adrien
- Département de Neurophysiologie et de Psychopathologie du Développement, University of Tours, France
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45
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Martineau J, Barthélémy C, Jouve J, Muh JP, Lelord G. Monoamines (serotonin and catecholamines) and their derivatives in infantile autism: age-related changes and drug effects. Dev Med Child Neurol 1992; 34:593-603. [PMID: 1380929 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1992.tb11490.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Levels of dopamine (DA) and its derivatives homovanillic acid (HVA), 3-4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), 3-methoxytyramine (3MT) and norepinephrine+epinephrine (NE + E), and serotonin (5HT) and its derivative 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5HIAA) were determined from the urine of 156 autistic children aged two to 12 years 6 months, and compared with those of age-matched mentally retarded non-autistic and normal controls. Very significant group and age effects were found for DA, HVA, 3MT, NE + E and 5HT. High HVA, 3MT, NE + E and 5HT levels were found in autistic and non-autistic children. The DA, HVA, 3MT, NE + E, 5HT and 5HIAA levels decreased significantly with age in the three groups. Significantly decreased levels of DA and HVA were observed in autistic children on haloperidol, compared with non-medicated autistic children. The results are discussed in relation to the hypothesis of a maturation defect of monoaminergic systems in autism.
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46
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Martineau J, Roux S, Garreau B, Adrien JL, Lelord G. Unimodal and crossmodal reactivity in autism: presence of auditory evoked responses and effect of the repetition of auditory stimuli. Biol Psychiatry 1992; 31:1190-203. [PMID: 1391280 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3223(92)90338-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Using auditory evoked responses, this work compares the reactivities to unimodal and crossmodal stimuli and the main neurocognitive functions most often disturbed in autism. With the aim of testing the hypothesis that the deficit in the ability to form crossmodal associations in autism is linked to a cognitive abnormality, auditory evoked responses to simple and to crossmodal (auditivo-visual) stimuli were recorded in 30 autistic children and compared with those of 30 normal and 30 mentally retarded children. Relationships between electrophysiological reactivity and neurocognitive functions showed that the cognitive deficit in the ability to maintain crossmodal associations is preceded by a more elementary perceptive abnormality in autistic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martineau
- INSERM U316, Department of Psychopathology and Neurophysiology of Development, CHRU Bretonneau, France
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47
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Martineau J, Garreau B, Barthélémy C, Jouve J, Lelord G. [Development in the metabolism of dopamine and its derivatives. Application to gross development disorders]. Neurophysiol Clin 1992; 22:179-89. [PMID: 1630417 DOI: 10.1016/s0987-7053(05)80753-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) and its metabolites homovanillic acid (HVA) in total, free and conjugated forms, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in total, free and conjugated forms, and 3 methoxytyramine (3 MT) levels were determined in the urine of autistic children from 2 years 8 months to 12 years of age and compared to those in normal children of identical age. Very significant group and age effects were found for DA, HVA and 3 MT. In the discussion, results are related to the hypothesis of a disorder in the maturation of the dopaminergic systems in infantile autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martineau
- INSERM U316, explorations fonctionnelles psychopathologiques, Centre hospitalier régional universitaire, Tours, France
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48
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Garreau B, Bruneau N, Martineau J, Roux S, Zilbovicius M, Lelord G. [Infantile autism. Functional examinations]. Soins Psychiatr 1992:17-20. [PMID: 1470942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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49
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Martineau J, Roux S, Adrien JL, Garreau B, Barthélémy C, Lelord G. Electrophysiological evidence of different abilities to form cross-modal associations in children with autistic behavior. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992; 82:60-6. [PMID: 1370145 DOI: 10.1016/0013-4694(92)90183-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the amplitudes of auditory evoked responses and the variability of evoked responses, using a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method applied to individual evoked potential in a cross-modal (sound and light) association paradigm in 17 children with autistic behavior matched for sex and chronological age with normal children. Auditory evoked responses were smaller in children with autistic behavior than in normal children. The modifications of amplitudes and of SNR during cross-modal associations allowed the separation of children with autistic behavior into 3 subgroups who presented different patterns of ability to form cross-modal associations. These 3 subgroups of children presented different clinical profiles demonstrating that the differences observed in the ability to form cross-modal associations can be related to differences in the main psychophysiological functions such as attention, intention, motility, association, contact and communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martineau
- INSERM U 316, Explorations Fonctionnelles Psychopathologiques, C.H.U. Bretonneau, Tours, France
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50
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