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Llaurador-Coll M, Rios S, García-Gavilán JF, Babio N, Vilella E, Salas-Salvadó J. Plasma levels of neurology-related proteins are associated with cognitive performance in an older population with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome. GeroScience 2023; 45:2457-2470. [PMID: 36964401 PMCID: PMC10651568 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00764-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is present in a broad spectrum of medical conditions and in aging. Here, we aimed to identify plasma proteins related to cognitive function in a sample of older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome. A total of 129 subjects (mean age 64.7 years; 36% females) were grouped according to low (l-GCF, N=65) or high (h-GCF, N=64) global cognitive function and matched according to education, sex, age, and body mass index. Cognitive performance was assessed using neuropsychological tests. Plasma levels of 92 neurology-related proteins were assessed using a proximity extension assay. An elastic net regression analysis was used to identify proteins more associated with cognitive performance. Additionally, the protein expression levels were compared between the two groups by means of a t-test with false discovery rate correction. Pearson correlations were used to assess associations between the protein levels and scores from the neurocognitive tests. Six proteins (alpha-2-MRAP, HAGH, Siglec-9, MDGA1, IL12, and EDA2R) were identified as potential contributors to cognitive performance, remaining significantly increased in l-GCF compared to h-GCF participants after correction for multiple testing. Negative correlations (r= -0.23 to -0.18, i.e., lower protein levels, higher cognitive function) were found between global cognitive function and Siglec-9, NMNAT1, HAGH, LXN, gal-8, alpha-2-MRAP, IL12, PDGF-R-alpha, NAAA, EDA2R, CLEC1B, and LAT. Mini-mental state examination z scores showed the strongest correlations with protein levels, specifically negative correlations with CLEC1b, LXN, LAT, PLXNB3, NMNAT1, gal-8, HAGH, NAAA, CTSS, EZR, KYNU, MANF (r=-0.38 to -0.26) and a positive correlation with ADAM23 (r= 0.26). In summary, we identified several plasma proteins that were significantly associated with cognitive performance in older adults with obesity and metabolic syndrome, although further research is needed to replicate the results in larger samples and to include a predictive perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martí Llaurador-Coll
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Reus, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili-CERCA, Reus, Spain
| | - Santiago Rios
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili-CERCA, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus F García-Gavilán
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili-CERCA, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili-CERCA, Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisabet Vilella
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Reus, Spain.
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Reus, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili-CERCA, Reus, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili-CERCA, Reus, Spain.
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Reus, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Paz-Graniel I, Fitó M, Ros E, Buil-Cosiales P, Corella D, Babio N, Martínez JA, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Wärnberg J, Vioque J, Romaguera D, López-Miranda J, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem L, Bueno-Cavanillas A, Tur JA, Martín-Sánchez V, Pintó X, Gaforio JJ, Matía-Martín P, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Daimiel L, García-Gavilán JF, Toledo E, Nishi SK, Sorlí JV, Castañer O, García-Ríos A, García de la Hera M, Barón-López FJ, Ruiz-Canela M, Morey M, Casas R, Garrido-Garrido EM, Tojal-Sierra L, Fernández-García JC, Vázquez-Ruiz Z, Fernández-Carrión R, Goday A, Peña-Orihuela PJ, Compañ-Gabucio L, Schröder H, Martínez-Gonzalez MA, Salas-Salvadó J. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the PREDIMED-Plus randomized clinical trial: Effects on the interventions, participants follow-up, and adiposity. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1098269. [PMID: 36712515 PMCID: PMC9878159 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1098269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the implementation of most ongoing clinical trials worldwide including the PREDIMED-Plus study. The PREDIMED-Plus is an ongoing, multicenter, controlled intervention trial, aimed at weight-loss and cardiovascular disease prevention, in which participants were randomized (1:1 ratio) to an intervention group (energy-reduced Mediterranean diet, promotion of physical activity, and behavioral support) or to a control group (Mediterranean diet with usual care advice). When the pandemic began, the trial was in the midst of the planned intervention. The objective of this report was to examine the effects of the pandemic on the delivery of the intervention and to describe the strategies established to mitigate the possible adverse effects of the pandemic lockdown on data collection and adiposity. Methods We assessed the integrity of the PREDIMED-Plus trial during 5 identified periods of the COVID-19 pandemic determined according to restrictions dictated by the Spanish government authorities. A standardized questionnaire was delivered to each of the 23 PREDIMED-Plus recruiting centers to collected data regarding the trial integrity. The effect of the restrictions on intervention components (diet, physical activity) was evaluated with data obtained in the three identified lockdown phases: pre lockdown, lockdown proper, and post lockdown. Results During the lockdown (March/2020-June/2021), 4,612 participants (48% women, mean age 65y) attended pre-specified yearly follow-up visits to receive lifestyle recommendations and obtain adiposity measures. The overall mean (SD) of the proportions reported by each center showed that 40.4% (25.4) participants had in-person visits, 39.8% (18.2) participants were contacted by telephone and 35% (26.3) by electronic means. Participants' follow-up and data collection rates increased across lockdown periods (from ≈10% at onset to ≈80% at the end). Compared to pre-lockdown, waist circumference increased during (0.75 cm [95% CI: 0.60-0.91]) and after (0.72 cm [95% CI: 0.56-0.89]) lockdown. Body weight did not change during lockdown (0.01 kg [95% CI: -0.10 to 0.13) and decreased after lockdown (-0.17 kg [95% CI: -0.30 to -0.04]). Conclusion Mitigating strategies to enforce the intervention and patient's follow-up during lockdown have been successful in preserving the integrity of the trial and ensuring its continuation, with minor effects on adiposity. Clinical trial registration https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN89898870, identifier ISRCTN89898870.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indira Paz-Graniel
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Reus, Spain,Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d‘Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Buil-Cosiales
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Primary Health Care, IdiSNA, Servicio Navarro de Salud, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Reus, Spain,Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,EpiPHAAN Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica en Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Research Unit, Department of Family Medicine, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España,Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-Idibell, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Juan Gaforio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España,Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Olivar y Aceites de Oliva, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Pilar Matía-Martín
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Endocrinology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clotilde Vázquez
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IISFJD, University Autonoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus F. García-Gavilán
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Reus, Spain,Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Estefanía Toledo
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IDISNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Stephanie K. Nishi
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Reus, Spain,Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain,Toronto 3D (Diet, Digestive Tract and Disease) Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada,Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jose V. Sorlí
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d‘Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Ríos
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manoli García de la Hera
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Barón-López
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,EpiPHAAN Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica en Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IDISNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marga Morey
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Rosa Casas
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Lucas Tojal-Sierra
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - José C. Fernández-García
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Zenaida Vázquez-Ruiz
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IDISNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rebeca Fernández-Carrión
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Albert Goday
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d‘Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia J. Peña-Orihuela
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Laura Compañ-Gabucio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Helmut Schröder
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d‘Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España
| | - Miguel A. Martínez-Gonzalez
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IDISNA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States,Miguel A. Martínez-Gonzalez,
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Reus, Spain,Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain,*Correspondence: Jordi Salas-Salvadó,
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García-Gavilán JF, Bulló M, Canudas S, Martínez-González MA, Estruch R, Giardina S, Fitó M, Corella D, Ros E, Salas-Salvadó J. Extra virgin olive oil consumption reduces the risk of osteoporotic fractures in the PREDIMED trial. Clin Nutr 2017; 37:329-335. [PMID: 28143667 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The incidence of osteoporotic fractures is lower in countries in the Mediterranean basin. Virgin olive oil, a key component of the Mediterranean Diet (MDiet), with recognised beneficial effects on metabolism and cardiovascular health, may decrease the risk of osteoporotic fractures. The aim to this study was to explore the effect of chronic consumption of total olive oil and its varieties on the risk of osteoporosis-related fractures in a middle-aged and elderly Mediterranean population. METHODS We included all participants (n = 870) recruited in the Reus (Spain) centre of the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) trial. Individuals, aged 55-80 years at high cardiovascular risk, were randomized to a MedDiet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil, a MedDiet supplemented with nuts, or a low-fat diet. The present analysis was an observational cohort study nested in the trial. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary habits and olive oil consumption. Information on total osteoporotic fractures was obtained from a systematic review of medical records. The association between yearly repeated measurements of olive oil consumption and fracture risk was assessed by multivariate Cox proportional hazards. RESULTS We documented 114 incident cases of osteoporosis-related fractures during a median follow-up of 8.9 years. Treatment allocation had no effect on fracture risk. Participants in the highest tertile of extra-virgin olive oil consumption had a 51% lower risk of fractures (HR:0.49; 95% CI:0.29-0.81. P for trend = 0.004) compared to those in the lowest tertile after adjusting for potential confounders. Total and common olive oil consumption was not associated with fracture risk. CONCLUSIONS Higher consumption of extra-virgin olive oil is associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis-related fractures in middle-aged and elderly Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F García-Gavilán
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - M Bulló
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain; CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - S Canudas
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - M A Martínez-González
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - R Estruch
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, August Pi i Sunyer Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Giardina
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - M Fitó
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition (Regicor Study Group), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Corella
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - E Ros
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Salas-Salvadó
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain; CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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