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Kim JO, Baek SE, Jeon EY, Choi JM, Jang EJ, Kim CD. PDGFR-β signaling mediates HMGB1 release in mechanically stressed vascular smooth muscle cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265191. [PMID: 35294955 PMCID: PMC8926240 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanically stressed vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have potential roles in the development of vascular complications. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Using VSMCs cultured from rat thoracic aorta explants, we investigated the effects of mechanical stretch (MS) on the cellular secretion of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a major damage-associated molecular pattern that mediates vascular complications in stressed vasculature. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) demonstrated an increase in the secretion of HMGB1 in VSMCs stimulated with MS (0–3% strain, 60 cycles/min), and this secretion was markedly and time-dependently increased at 3% MS. The increased secretion of HMGB1 at 3% MS was accompanied by an increased cytosolic translocation of nuclear HMGB1; the acetylated and phosphorylated forms of this protein were significantly increased. Among various inhibitors of membrane receptors mediating mechanical signals, AG1295 (a platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) inhibitor) attenuated MS-induced HMGB1 secretion. Inhibitors of other receptors, including epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor receptors, did not inhibit this secretion. Additionally, MS-induced HMGB1 secretion was markedly attenuated in PDGFR-β-deficient cells but not in cells transfected with PDGFR-α siRNA. Likewise, PDGF-DD, but not PDGF-AA, directly increased HMGB1 secretion in VSMCs, indicating a pivotal role of PDGFR-β signaling in the secretion of this protein in VSMCs. Thus, targeting PDGFR-β-mediated secretion of HMGB1 in VSMCs might be a promising therapeutic strategy for vascular complications associated with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji On Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Baek
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeong Jeon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Choi
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Jang
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Dae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Jeon EY, Baek SE, Kim JO, Choi JM, Jang EJ, Kim CD. A Pivotal Role for AP-1-Mediated Osteopontin Expression in the Increased Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Stimulated With HMGB1. Front Physiol 2021; 12:775464. [PMID: 34803747 PMCID: PMC8599980 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.775464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays an essential role in the development of vascular remodeling in the injured vasculatures. Previous studies have identified high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) as a principal effector mediating vascular remodeling; however, the mechanisms involved have not been fully elucidated. Thus, this study investigated the role of HMGB1 on VSMC migration and the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. VSMCs were ex plant cultured using rat thoracic aorta, and the cellular migration was measured using wound-healing assay. Osteopontin (OPN) mRNA and protein were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively. The OPN promoter was cloned into pGL3 basic to generate a pLuc-OPN-2284 construct. Migration of VSMCs stimulated with HMGB1 (100ng/ml) was markedly increased, which was significantly attenuated in cells pretreated with MPIIIB10 (100–300ng/ml), a neutralizing monoclonal antibody for OPN as well as in cells deficient of OPN. In VSMCs stimulated with HMGB1, OPN mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased in association with an increased promotor activity of OPN gene. Putative-binding sites for activator protein 1 (AP-1) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) in the indicated promoter region were suggested by TF Search, and the HMGB1-induced expression of OPN was markedly attenuated in cells transfected with siRNA for AP-1. VSMC stimulated with HMGB1 also showed an increased expression of AP-1. Results of this study suggest a pivotal role for AP-1-induced OPN expression in VSMC migration induced by HMGB1. Thus, the AP-1-OPN signaling axis in VSMC might serve as a potential therapeutic target for vascular remodeling in the injured vasculatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Yeong Jeon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Seung Eun Baek
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Ji On Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Jong Min Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Jang
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Chi Dae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
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Choi JM, Baek SE, Kim JO, Jeon EY, Jang EJ, Kim CD. 5-LO-derived LTB4 plays a key role in MCP-1 expression in HMGB1-exposed VSMCs via a BLTR1 signaling axis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11100. [PMID: 34045591 PMCID: PMC8160259 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) plays an important role in initiating vascular inflammation; however, its cellular source in the injured vasculatures is unclear. Given the importance of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in tissue injury, we investigated the role of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in MCP-1 production in response to HMGB1. In primary cultured rat aortic VSMCs stimulated with HMGB1, the expression of MCP-1 and 5-lipoxygenase (LO) was increased. The increased MCP-1 expression in HMGB1 (30 ng/ml)-stimulated cells was significantly attenuated in 5-LO-deficient cells as well as in cells treated with zileuton, a 5-LO inhibitor. Likewise, MCP-1 expression and production were also increased in cells stimulated with exogenous leukotriene B4 (LTB4), but not exogenous LTC4. LTB4-induced MCP-1 expression was attenuated in cells treated with U75302, a LTB4 receptor 1 (BLTR1) inhibitor as well as in BLTR1-deficient cells, but not in 5-LO-deficient cells. Moreover, HMGB1-induced MCP-1 expression was attenuated in BLTR1-deficient cells or by treatment with a BLTR1 inhibitor, but not other leukotriene receptor inhibitors. In contrast to MCP-1 expression in response to LTB4, the increased MCP-1 production in HMGB1-stimulated VSMC was markedly attenuated in 5-LO-deficient cells, indicating a pivotal role of LTB4-BLTR1 signaling in MCP-1 expression in VSMCs. Taken together, 5-LO-derived LTB4 plays a key role in MCP-1 expression in HMGB1-exposed VSMCs via BLTR1 signaling, suggesting the LTB4-BLTR1 signaling axis as a potential therapeutic target for vascular inflammation in the injured vasculatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Baek
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji On Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeong Jeon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Dae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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Seo JY, Shin JG, Youn BJ, Namgoong S, Cheong HS, Kim LH, Kim JO, Shin HD, Kim YJ. A non-synonymous variant rs12614 of complement factor B associated with risk of chronic hepatitis B in a Korean population. BMC Med Genet 2020; 21:241. [PMID: 33334325 PMCID: PMC7745368 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-01177-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B is known to cause several forms of liver diseases including chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and hepatocellular carcinoma. Previous genome-wide association study of CHB risk has demonstrated that rs12614 of complement factor B (CFB) was significantly associated with CHB risk. In this study, fine-mapping study of previously reported GWAS single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; CFB rs12614) was performed to validate genetic effect of rs12614 on CHB susceptibility and identify possible additional causal variants around rs12614 in a Korean population. This association study was conducted in order to identify genetic effects of CFB single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and to identify additional independent CHB susceptible causal markers within a Korean population. Methods A total of 10 CFB genetic polymorphisms were selected and genotyped in 1716 study subjects comprised of 955 CHB patients and 761 population controls. Results A non-synonymous variant, rs12614 (Arg32Trp) in exon2 of CFB, had significant associations with risk of CHB (odds ratio = 0.43, P = 5.91 × 10− 10). Additional linkage disequilibrium and conditional analysis confirmed that rs12614 had independent genetic effect on CHB susceptibility with previously identified CHB markers. The genetic risk scores (GRSs) were calculated and the CHB patients had higher GRSs than the population controls. Moreover, OR was found to increase significantly with cumulative GRS. Conclusions rs12614 showed significant genetic effect on CHB risk within the Korean population. As such rs12614 may be used as a possible causal genetic variant for CHB susceptibility. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12881-020-01177-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yeon Seo
- Current address: Department of Core Technology, R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare (LG H&H), Seoul, 07795, South Korea.,Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Gon Shin
- Current address: Department of Core Technology, R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare (LG H&H), Seoul, 07795, South Korea.,Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Ju Youn
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhg Namgoong
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea.,Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics Inc., Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sub Cheong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics Inc., Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Lyoung Hyo Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics Inc., Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji On Kim
- Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics Inc., Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoon Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JO, Hanumanthappa N, Chung YT, Beck J, Koul R, Bashir B, Cooke A, Dubey A, Butler J, Nashed M, Hunter W, Ong A. Does dissemination of guidelines alone increase the use of palliative single-fraction radiotherapy? Initial report of a longitudinal change management campaign at a provincial cancer program. Curr Oncol 2020; 27:190-197. [PMID: 32905177 PMCID: PMC7467795 DOI: 10.3747/co.27.6193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite level 1 evidence demonstrating the equivalence of single-fraction radiotherapy (sfrt) and multiple-fraction radiotherapy (mfrt) for the palliation of painful bone metastases, sfrt remains underused. In 2015, to encourage the sustainable use of palliative radiation oncology resources, CancerCare Manitoba disseminated, to each radiation oncologist in Manitoba, guidelines from Choosing Wisely Canada (cwc) that recommend sfrt. We assessed whether dissemination of the guidelines influenced sfrt use in Manitoba in 2016, and we identified factors associated with mfrt. Methods All patients treated with palliative radiotherapy for bone metastasis in Manitoba from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2016 were identified from the provincial radiotherapy database. Patient, treatment, and disease characteristics were extracted from the electronic medical record and tabulated by fractionation schedule. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with mfrt. Results In 2016, 807 patients (mean age: 70 years; range: 35-96 years) received palliative radiotherapy for bone metastasis, with 69% of the patients having uncomplicated bone metastasis. The most common primary malignancies were prostate (27.1%), lung (20.6%), and breast cancer (15.9%). In 62% of cases, mfrt was used-a proportion that was unchanged from 2015. On multivariable analysis, a gastrointestinal [odds ratio (or): 5.3] or lung primary (or: 3.3), complicated bone metastasis (or: 4.3), and treatment at a subsidiary site (or: 4.4) increased the odds of mfrt use. Conclusions Dissemination of cwc recommendations alone did not increase sfrt use by radiation oncologists in 2016. A more comprehensive knowledge translation effort is therefore warranted and is now underway to encourage increased uptake of sfrt in Manitoba.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Kim
- Radiation Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | | | - Y T Chung
- Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - J Beck
- Medical Physics, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - R Koul
- Radiation Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - B Bashir
- Radiation Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - A Cooke
- Radiation Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - A Dubey
- Radiation Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - J Butler
- Radiation Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - M Nashed
- Radiation Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - W Hunter
- Radiation Oncology, Western Manitoba Cancer Centre, Brandon, MB
| | - A Ong
- Radiation Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg
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Kim JO, Lee J, Lee BH. Effect of Scapular Stabilization Exercise during Standing on Upper Limb Function and Gait Ability of Stroke Patients. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2019; 8:540-544. [PMID: 29204011 PMCID: PMC5709874 DOI: 10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_464_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of scapular stabilization exercise during standing on a paretic side on upper limb function and gait ability of stroke patients. Methods This study was a hospital-based, randomized controlled trial with a blinded assessor. A total of 17 patients with hemiplegic diagnosis after stroke were divided into two groups (9 patients in a study group and 8 patients in a control group). The study group received physical therapy and scapular stabilization exercise on a paretic side. Participants were subjected to initial evaluation before the treatment. Subjects were subsequently re-evaluated 4 and 8 weeks later to compare the changes. Measurements of hand function and gait ability were performed. Results Based on multivariate analysis of variance for repeated-measures, there was a significant time effect for Timed Up and Go test (TUG) (F = 13.816, P = 0.000), Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) (F = 18.613, P = 0.000), and manual function test (MFT) (F = 16.777, P = 0.000). The group × time interaction effect was also significant for FGA (F = 4.966, P = 0.024) and MFT (F = 6.946, P = 0.003), but not for TUG test (F = 3.343, P = 0.069). Conclusion Results of the present study indicated that scapular stabilization exercise during standing on a paretic side for 8 weeks had an effect on hand function and gait ability of hemiplegic patients after stroke. Further studies are needed to find the most proper exercise for stroke patients who have gait disability and upper limb dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B H Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Namgoong S, Shin JG, Cheong HS, Kim LH, Kim JO, Seo JY, Shin HD, Kim YJ. Genetic association of complement component 2 variants with chronic hepatitis B in a Korean population. Liver Int 2018; 38:1576-1582. [PMID: 29283494 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with an increased risk of liver diseases, chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma have been identified. In this study, we scrutinized the genetic effects of C2 variants, which were conflicting in previous results, on the risk of chronic hepatitis B in a Korean population. METHODS We genotyped 22 common C2 genetic variants of 977 chronic hepatitis B cases including 302 chronic hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma cases and 785 population controls. Statistical analysis was performed to examine the effects of genotype on the risk of chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma. RESULTS Logistic regression analyses showed that six C2 single nucleotide polymorphisms had significant associations with the risk of chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma among the Korean subjects. Stepwise analysis revealed that causal markers (rs9267665 and rs10947223) were identified among the C2 variants (stepwise P = 3.32 × 10-9 and 2.04 × 10-5 respectively). In further conditional analysis with previous chronic hepatitis B-associated loci, these two single nucleotide polymorphisms were independently associated with the risk of chronic hepatitis B. In addition, we investigated the ability of genetic risk scores combining 12 multi-chronic hepatitis B loci to predict the risk of chronic hepatitis B. Individuals with higher genetic risk scores showed increased risk for chronic hepatitis B. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that the C2 gene might be a susceptibility locus for chronic hepatitis B in Korean populations. The cumulative genetic effects may contribute to future etiological explanations for chronic hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhg Namgoong
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joong-Gon Shin
- Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Sub Cheong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Lyoung Hyo Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji On Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Seo
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea.,Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Kim LH, Chang H, Namgoong S, Kim JO, Cheong HS, Lee SG, Park JS, Baek AR, Koo SM, Choi IS, Kim MK, Park HS, Park CS, Shin HD. Genetic variants of the gasdermin B gene associated with the development of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory diseases. Allergy Asthma Proc 2017; 38:4-12. [PMID: 28052796 DOI: 10.2500/aap.2017.38.4014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is characterized by a severe and sudden asthma attack after aspirin ingestion in patients with asthma. We studied associations with six common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the gasdermin B gene (GSDMB). OBJECTIVE DNA obtained from 572 patients with asthma (with AERD, n = 165; and with aspirin-tolerant asthma, n = 407) and 391 normal controls was subjected to genotyping of six SNPs of GSDMB. METHODS An association analysis between GSDMB variants and AERD, with a fall rate of the forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration (FEV1), was performed by using logistic and regression models. RESULTS Two SNPs in the intron (rs870830, rs7216389) showed significant associations with AERD (minimum p = 7.00 × 10-4 in the dominant model), even after Bonferroni correction (pcorr = 0.01 for the rs870830). Regression analysis of the genetic variants with FEV1 revealed significant associations with rs870830 and the haplotype 2 (pcorr = 4.71 × 10-4 for rs870830 and pcorr = 1.14 × 10-3 for haplotype 2, respectively). CONCLUSION We found strong associations among GSDMB polymorphisms and the presence of AERD and FEV1 in Korean patients with asthma. Our findings indicated that genetic variations of GSDMB may be associated with the development of AERD and aspirin-induced bronchospasm.
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Razzak R, Bédard ELR, Kim JO, Gazala S, Guo L, Ghosh S, Joy A, Nijjar T, Wong E, Roa WH. MicroRNA expression profiling of sputum for the detection of early and locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a prospective case-control study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:e86-94. [PMID: 27122989 DOI: 10.3747/co.23.2830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small-cell lung cancer (nsclc) is associated with very poor overall survival because 70% of patients present with locally advanced or metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Micrornas (mirnas) are a class of short, noncoding rna molecules whose presence in samples of biologic fluids such as sputum has demonstrated promise as a potential means of detecting nsclc. We investigated the stage-specific nsclc detection potential of an efficient panel of 3 mirnas (mir-21, mir-210, mir-372) using a single sputum sample. METHODS A single spontaneously expectorated sputum sample was prospectively collected from 21 early nsclc (≤stage ii) patients, 22 advanced nsclc (≥stage iii) patients, and 10 control subjects. Mirna expression profiles were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and were analyzed by unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis. RESULTS Mean tumour size (±95% confidence interval) in the early and advanced nsclc patients was 3.3 cm ± 0.9 cm and 4.8 cm ± 0.7 cm respectively. Adenocarcinoma constituted 61.9% of the early and 45.5% of the advanced nsclc cases respectively. In comparing the early nsclc group with the control group, the mirna panel yielded a diagnostic sensitivity of 67% and a specificity of 90.0%. For the advanced nsclc group, the mirna panel detected nsclc with a sensitivity and specificity of 64% and 100% respectively. CONCLUSIONS A sputum mir-21, mir-210, and mir-372 expression profile might provide a sensitive and highly specific means for detecting nsclc. Sputum mirna analysis demonstrates promise as a potential complementary screening tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Razzak
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - E L R Bédard
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - J O Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba, and University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB
| | - S Gazala
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - L Guo
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute and University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - S Ghosh
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute and University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - A Joy
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute and University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - T Nijjar
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute and University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - E Wong
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute and University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - W H Roa
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Alberta Hospital and University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
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Kim LH, Park BL, Cheong HS, Namgoong S, Kim JO, Kim JH, Shin JG, Park CS, Kim BJ, Kim JW, Choi IG, Hwang J, Shin HD, Woo SI. Genome-wide association study with the risk of schizophrenia in a Korean population. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016; 171B:257-65. [PMID: 26531332 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is regarded as a multifactorial and polygenic brain disorder that is attributed to different combinations of genetic and environmental risk factors. Recently, several genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of schizophrenia have identified numerous risk factors, but the replication results remain controversial and ambiguous. To identify schizophrenia susceptibility loci in the Korean population, we performed a GWAS using the Illumina HumanOmni1-Quad V1.0 Microarray. We genotyped 1,140,419 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 350 Korea schizophrenia patients and 700 control subjects, and approximately 620,001 autosomal SNPs were passed our quality control. In the case-control analysis, the rs9607195 A>G on intergenic area 250 kb away from the ISX gene and the rs12738007 A>G on the intron of the MECR gene were the most strongly associated SNPs with the risk of schizophrenia (P = 6.2 × 10(-8) , OR = 0.50 and P = 3.7 × 10(-7) , OR = 2.39, respectively). In subsequent fine-mapping analysis, 6 SNPs of MECR were genotyped with 310 schizophrenia patients and 604 control subjects. The association of the MECR rs12738007, a top ranked-SNP in GWAS, was replicated (P = 1.5 × 10(-2) , OR = 1.53 in fine mapping analysis, P = 1.5 × 10(-6) , OR = 1.90 in combined analysis). The identification of putative schizophrenia susceptibility loci could provide new insights into genetic factors related with schizophrenia and clues for the development of diagnosis strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyoung Hyo Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Lae Park
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sub Cheong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhg Namgoong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji On Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Gon Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Soo Park
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang Nam Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang Nam Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Kim
- Division of Life Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-ro, Gyeongsang Nam Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ihn-Geun Choi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University, Han-Gang Sacred Heart Hospital, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeuk Hwang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Il Woo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Namgoong S, Cheong HS, Kim JO, Kim LH, Na HS, Koh IS, Chung MW, Shin HD. Comparison of genetic variations of the SLCO1B1, SLCO1B3, and SLCO2B1 genes among five ethnic groups. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 40:692-697. [PMID: 26409184 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP; gene symbol, SLCO) transporters are generally involved in the uptake of multiple drugs and their metabolites at most epithelial barriers. The pattern of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these transporters may be determinants of interindividual variability in drug disposition and response. The objective of this study was to define the distribution of SNPs of three SLCO genes, SLCO1B1, SLCO1B3, and SLCO2B1, in a Korean population and other ethnic groups. The study was screened using the Illumina GoldenGate assay for genomic DNA from 450 interethnic subjects, including 11 pharmacogenetic core variants and 76 HapMap tagging SNPs. The genotype distribution of the Korean population was similar to East Asian populations, but significantly different from African American and European American cohorts. These interethnic differences will be useful information for prospective studies, including genetic association and pharmacogenetic studies of drug metabolism by SLCO families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhg Namgoong
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sub Cheong
- Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji On Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Lyoung Hyo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sung Na
- Clinical Research Division, Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Osong, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - In Song Koh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeon Woo Chung
- Clinical Research Division, Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Osong, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Jung MH, Jung SJ, Vinay TN, Nikapitiya C, Kim JO, Lee JH, Lee J, Oh MJ. Effects of water temperature on mortality in Megalocytivirus-infected rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus (Temminck et Schlegel) and development of protective immunity. J Fish Dis 2015; 38:729-737. [PMID: 25073547 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Rock bream iridovirus (RBIV) causes huge losses, especially in rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus. Rock bream injected with RBIV and held at 29, 26, 23 or 20 °C had 100% mortality. Conversely, all infected fish held at 17 °C survived even after the temperature was progressively increased to 26 °C at 100 dpi. Rock bream exposed to virus and held for 2, 4 and 7 days at 23/26 °C before the temperature was reduced to 17 °C had mortality rates of 26.6/73.2%, 66.6/100% and 93.4/100%, respectively, through 100 dpi. When surviving fish had the water temperature increased from 17 to 26 °C at 100 dpi, they did not exhibit signs of disease and had low virus copy numbers (below 10(3)). To investigate the development of a protective immune, rock bream were infected with RBIV and held at 23 °C before shifting the water temperature to 17 °C at 4 dpi. All injected fish survived until 120 dpi. While 100% of the previously unexposed fish died, 80.2% of the previously infected fish survived. When the survivors were rechallenged again at 160 dpi, no further mortality occurred. The high survival rate of fish following rechallenge with RBIV indicates that protective immunity was established in the surviving rock bream.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Jung
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Chonnam, Korea
- Aquatic Animal Hospital, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Chonnam, Korea
| | - S J Jung
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Chonnam, Korea
- Aquatic Animal Hospital, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Chonnam, Korea
| | - T N Vinay
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Chonnam, Korea
| | - C Nikapitiya
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Chonnam, Korea
| | - J O Kim
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Chonnam, Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Genetic and Breeding Research Centre, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Koje, KyungNam, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - M J Oh
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Chonnam, Korea
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13
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Shin JG, Park BL, Kim LH, Namgoong S, Kim JO, Chang HS, Park JS, Jang AS, Park SW, Kim DJ, Kim KU, Kim YG, Uh ST, Seo KH, Kim YH, Koh I, Park CS, Shin HD. Association study of polymorphisms in interferon-γ receptor genes with the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1568-78. [PMID: 25815589 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium, which most commonly affects the lungs. The adaptive immune response in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is predominantly mediated by the interferon-γ (IFN-γ) signaling pathway, which is regulated by IFN-γ receptors (IFNGR). IFN-γ activates the transcription of a number of genes that are important in immune responses, thus the appropriate function of IFNGR appears to be important in host defense against mycobacteria. In the present study, 22 genetic variants in IFNGR1 and IFNGR2 were genotyped in 673 patients and 592 normal controls to investigate the association between IFNGR1 and IFNGR2 polymorphisms and the risk of TB. Statistical analyses revealed that four genetic variants in IFNGR1, rs9376269, rs9376268, rs9376267 and rs56251346 were marginally associated with the risk of TB (P = 0.02-0.04), while other single nucleotide polymorphisms in IFNGR1 and IFNGR2 did not exhibit any associations. However, the significance of the four genetic variants rs9376269, rs9376268, rs9376267 and rs56251346 was eliminated following a multiple testing correction of the data (P>0.05). The present results revealed that certain genetic variants in IFNGR genes may be associated with TB development, which may be useful preliminary data for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong-Gon Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 121‑742, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Lae Park
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul 121‑742, Republic of Korea
| | - Lyoung Hyo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 121‑742, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhg Namgoong
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 121‑742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji On Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 121‑742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Soo Chang
- Soonchunhyang Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do 420‑020, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Sook Park
- Genome Research Center for Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do 420‑020, Republic of Korea
| | - An Soo Jang
- Genome Research Center for Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do 420‑020, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Park
- Genome Research Center for Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do 420‑020, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Jin Kim
- Genome Research Center for Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do 420‑020, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Up Kim
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 140-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Gee Kim
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 140-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Taek Uh
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 140-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Seo
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Hoseo 30240, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Kim
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Hoseo 30240, Republic of Korea
| | - Insong Koh
- Department of Physiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon Sik Park
- Genome Research Center for Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Gyeonggi‑do 420‑020, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 121‑742, Republic of Korea
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Kim LH, Cheong HS, Namgoong S, Kim JO, Kim JH, Park BL, Cho SW, Park NH, Cheong JY, Koh I, Shin HD, Kim YJ. Replication of genome wide association studies on hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility loci of STAT4 and HLA-DQ in a Korean population. Infect Genet Evol 2015; 33:72-6. [PMID: 25913043 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) identified two loci (rs7574865 in STAT4 and rs9275319 in HLA-DQ) in a Chinese population. We attempted to replicate the associations between the two SNP loci and the risk of HCC in a Korean population. The rs7574865 in STAT4 and rs9275319 in HLA-DQ were genotyped in a total of 3838 Korean subjects composed of 287 HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma patients, 671 chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) patients, and 2880 population controls using TaqMan genotyping assay. Gene expression was measured by microarray. A logistic regression analysis revealed that rs7574865 in STAT4 and rs9275319 in HLA-DQ were associated with the risk of CHB (OR = 1.25, P = 0.0002 and OR = 1.57, P= 1.44 × 10(-10), respectively). However, these loci were no association with the risk of HBV-related HCC among CHB patients. In the gene expression analyses, although no significant differences in mRNA expression of nearby genes according to genotypes were detected, a significantly decreased mRNA expression in HCC subjects was observed in STAT4, HLA-DQA1, and HLA-DQB1. Although the genetic effects of two HCC susceptibility loci were not replicated, the two loci were found to exert susceptibility effects on the risk of CHB in a Korean population. In addition, the decreased mRNA expression of STAT4, HLA-DQA1, and HLA-DQB1 in HCC tissue might provide a clue to understanding their role in the progression to HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyoung Hyo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Republic of Korea; Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sub Cheong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Republic of Korea
| | - Suhg Namgoong
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Republic of Korea; Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Republic of Korea
| | - Ji On Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Lae Park
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Cho
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Neung Hwa Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youn Cheong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - InSong Koh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Han Yang University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Republic of Korea; Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoon-Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea.
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Noeiaghaei T, Yun JH, Nam SW, Zoh KD, Gomes VG, Kim JO, Chae SR. The influence of geometrical characteristics on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanotube arrays for degradation of refractory organic pollutants in wastewater. Water Sci Technol 2015; 71:1301-1309. [PMID: 25945845 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of geometrical characteristics such as surface area (SA) and porosity of TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) on its photocatalytic activity were investigated by applying variable voltages and reaction times for the anodization of Ti substrates. While larger SA of nanotubes was observed under higher applied potential, the porosity of TNAs decreased by increasing anodizing voltage. Under applied potential of 80 V, the SA of TNAs increased from 0.164 to 0.471 m2/g as anodization time increased from 1 to 5 hours, respectively. However, no significant effect on the porosity of TNAs was observed. On the other hand, both SA and porosity of TNAs, synthesized at 60 V, increased by augmenting the anodization time from 1 to 3 hours. But further increasing of anodization time to 5 hours resulted in a decreased SA of TNAs with no effect on their porosity. Accordingly, the TNAs with SA of 0.368 m2/g and porosity of 47% showed the highest photocatalytic activity for degradation of 4-chlorobenzoic acid (4CBA). Finally, the degradation of refractory model compounds such as carbamazepine and bisphenol-A was tested and more than 50% of both compounds could be degraded under UV-A irradiation (λmax=365 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- T Noeiaghaei
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - J-H Yun
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - S W Nam
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - K D Zoh
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - V G Gomes
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - J O Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-792, Republic of Korea
| | - S R Chae
- Department of Biomedical, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering, 701 Engineering Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0012, USA E-mail:
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Shin SW, Park BL, Chang H, Park JS, Bae DJ, Song HJ, Choi IS, Kim MK, Park HS, Kim LH, Namgoong S, Kim JO, Shin HD, Park CS. Exonic variants associated with development of aspirin exacerbated respiratory diseases. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111887. [PMID: 25372592 PMCID: PMC4221198 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is one phenotype of asthma, often occurring in the form of a severe and sudden attack. Due to the time-consuming nature and difficulty of oral aspirin challenge (OAC) for AERD diagnosis, non-invasive biomarkers have been sought. The aim of this study was to identify AERD-associated exonic SNPs and examine the diagnostic potential of a combination of these candidate SNPs to predict AERD. DNA from 165 AERD patients, 397 subjects with aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA), and 398 normal controls were subjected to an Exome BeadChip assay containing 240K SNPs. 1,023 models (210-1) were generated from combinations of the top 10 SNPs, selected by the p-values in association with AERD. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was calculated for each model. SNP Function Portal and PolyPhen-2 were used to validate the functional significance of candidate SNPs. An exonic SNP, exm537513 in HLA-DPB1, showed the lowest p-value (p = 3.40×10−8) in its association with AERD risk. From the top 10 SNPs, a combination model of 7 SNPs (exm537513, exm83523, exm1884673, exm538564, exm2264237, exm396794, and exm791954) showed the best AUC of 0.75 (asymptotic p-value of 7.94×10−21), with 34% sensitivity and 93% specificity to discriminate AERD from ATA. Amino acid changes due to exm83523 in CHIA were predicted to be “probably damaging” to the structure and function of the protein, with a high score of ‘1’. A combination model of seven SNPs may provide a useful, non-invasive genetic marker combination for predicting AERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Woo Shin
- Genome Research Center for Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Lae Park
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HunSoo Chang
- Genome Research Center for Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major Graduate School of Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Sook Park
- Genome Research Center for Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Jeong Bae
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major Graduate School of Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Song
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major Graduate School of Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseon S. Choi
- Department of Allergy, Chonnam National University Medical School and Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyeong Kim
- Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University Hospital, Suwoon, Republic of Korea
| | - Lyoung Hyo Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhg Namgoong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji On Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Sik Park
- Genome Research Center for Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: , (SWS)
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Park BL, Kim LH, Namgoong S, Kim JO, Kim JY, Chang HS, Park JS, Jang AS, Park SW, Kim DJ, Kim KU, Kim YG, Uh ST, Seo KH, Kim YH, Park CS, Shin HD. Association analysis of melanocortin 3 receptor polymorphisms with the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis. Lung 2014; 192:857-62. [PMID: 25064630 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-014-9625-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Melanocortin 3 Receptor (MC3R) is one of the families of seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors, and a recent study showed that MCR3 promoter polymorphism was significantly associated with the susceptibility of tuberculosis (TB) in South African population. METHODS We analyzed six MC3R polymorphisms to examine the genetic effects on the risk of pulmonary TB in Korean subjects by using TaqMan assays and case-control analyses. RESULTS Using statistical analyses, one common promoter polymorphism (MC3R rs11575886 T > C) was found to be associated with an increased risk of pulmonary TB. The frequency of the C-bearing genotype of rs11575886 was higher in pulmonary TB patients than in normal controls (p = 0.03, OR = 1.46) although the significance was not retained after correction. In silico analysis for the difference of transcription binding factor (TF), motif between C and T allele demonstrated that the TF motif and its threshold scores of C allele were lower than those of T allele. CONCLUSIONS The C allele of rs11575886 could be a risk allele for the pulmonary TB by affecting the binding of TF. Our findings suggest that polymorphisms in MC3R might be one of genetic factors for the risk of pulmonary TB development in Korean subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Lae Park
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim JY, Cheong HS, Park BL, Kim LH, Namgoong S, Kim JO, Kim HD, Kim YH, Chung MW, Han SY, Shin HD. Comprehensive variant screening of the UGT gene family. Yonsei Med J 2014; 55:232-9. [PMID: 24339312 PMCID: PMC3874916 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2014.55.1.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE UGT1A1, UGT2B7, and UGT2B15 are well-known pharmacogenes that belong to the uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase gene family. For personalized drug treatment, it is important to study differences in the frequency of core markers across various ethnic groups. Accordingly, we screened single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of these three genes and analyzed differences in their frequency among five ethnic groups, as well as attempted to predict the function of novel SNPs. MATERIALS AND METHODS We directly sequenced 288 subjects consisting of 96 Korean, 48 Japanese, 48 Han Chinese, 48 African American, and 48 European American subjects. Subsequently, we analyzed genetic variability, linkage disequilibrium (LD) structures and ethnic differences for each gene. We also conducted in silico analysis to predict the function of novel SNPs. RESULTS A total of 87 SNPs were detected, with seven pharmacogenetic core SNPs and 31 novel SNPs. We observed that the frequencies of UGT1A1 *6 (rs4148323), UGT1A1 *60 (rs4124874), UGT1A1 *93 (rs10929302), UGT2B7 *2 (rs7439366), a part of UGT2B7 *3 (rs12233719), and UGT2B15 *2 (rs1902023) were different between Asian and other ethnic groups. Additional in silico analysis results showed that two novel promoter SNPs of UGT1A1 -690G>A and -689A>C were found to potentially change transcription factor binding sites. Moreover, 673G>A (UGT2B7), 2552T>C, and 23269C>T (both SNPs from UGT2B15) changed amino acid properties, which could cause structural deformation. CONCLUSION Findings from the present study would be valuable for further studies on pharmacogenetic studies of personalized medicine and drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Yongha Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, Korea.
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Lee JS, Cheong HS, Kim LH, Kim JO, Seo DW, Kim YH, Chung MW, Han SY, Shin HD. Screening of Genetic Polymorphisms of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 Genes. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 17:479-84. [PMID: 24381495 PMCID: PMC3874433 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2013.17.6.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Given the CYP3A4 and CYP3A5's impact on the efficacy of drugs, the genetic backgrounds of individuals and populations are regarded as an important factor to be considered in the prescription of personalized medicine. However, genetic studies with Korean population are relatively scarce compared to those with other populations. In this study, we aimed to identify CYP3A4/5 polymorphisms and compare the genotype distributions among five ethnicities. To identify CYP3A4/5 SNPs, we first performed direct sequencing with 288 DNA samples which consisted of 96 Koreans, 48 European-Americans, 48 African-Americans, 48 Han Chinese, and 48 Japanese. The direct sequencing identified 15 novel SNPs, as well as 42 known polymorphisms. We defined the genotype distributions, and compared the allele frequencies among five ethnicities. The results showed that minor allele frequencies of Korean population were similar with those of the Japanese and Han Chinese populations, whereas there were distinct differences from European-Americans or African-Americans. Among the pharmacogenetic markers, frequencies of CYP3A4*1B (rs2740574) and CYP3A5*3C (rs776742) in Asian groups were different from those in other populations. In addition, minor allele frequency of CYP3A4*18 (rs28371759) was the highest in Korean population. Additional in silico analysis predicted that two novel non-synonymous SNPs in CYP3A5 (+27256C>T, P389S and +31546T>G, I488S) could alter protein structure. The frequency distributions of the identified polymorphisms in the present study may contribute to the expansion of pharmacogenetic knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sol Lee
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea
| | - Hyun Sub Cheong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul 121-742, Korea
| | - Lyoung Hyo Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul 121-742, Korea
| | - Ji On Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul 121-742, Korea
| | - Doo Won Seo
- Clinical Research Division, Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Osong 363-700, Korea
| | - Young Hoon Kim
- Clinical Research Division, Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Osong 363-700, Korea
| | - Myeon Woo Chung
- Clinical Research Division, Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Osong 363-700, Korea
| | - Soon Young Han
- Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Osong 363-700, Korea
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea. ; Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul 121-742, Korea
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Shin JG, Cheong HS, Kim JY, Kim LH, Han CS, Kim JO, Kim HD, Kim YH, Chung MW, Han SY, Shin HD. Screening of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase genetic variants by direct sequencing in different ethnic groups. J Korean Med Sci 2013; 28:1129-33. [PMID: 23960437 PMCID: PMC3744698 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2013.28.8.1129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) is an enzyme that regulates the rate-limiting step in pyrimidine metabolism, especially catabolism of fluorouracil, a chemotherapeutic agent for cancer. In order to determine the genetic distribution of DPYD, we directly sequenced 288 subjects from five ethnic groups (96 Koreans, 48 Japanese, 48 Han Chinese, 48 African Americans, and 48 European Americans). As a result, 56 polymorphisms were observed, including 6 core polymorphisms and 18 novel polymorphisms. Allele frequencies were nearly the same across the Asian populations, Korean, Han Chinese and Japanese, whereas several SNPs showed different genetic distributions between Asians and other ethnic populations (African American and European American). Additional in silico analysis was performed to predict the function of novel SNPs. One nonsynonymous SNP (+199381A > G, Asn151Asp) was predicted to change its polarity of amino acid (Asn, neutral to Asp, negative). These findings would be valuable for further research, including pharmacogenetic and drug responses studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong-Gon Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Sub Cheong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Lyoung Hyo Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Soo Han
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji On Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Deun Kim
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Osong, Korea
| | - Young Hoon Kim
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Osong, Korea
| | - Myeon Woo Chung
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Osong, Korea
| | - Soon Young Han
- Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Osong, Korea
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul, Korea
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Chae SR, Hotze EM, Badireddy AR, Lin S, Kim JO, Wiesner MR. Environmental implications and applications of carbon nanomaterials in water treatment. Water Sci Technol 2013; 67:2582-2586. [PMID: 23752392 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2013.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials have been proposed as a basis for developing new technologies for photocatalytic oxidation and disinfection, improved membrane processes, adsorbents, and biofilm-resistant surfaces. This study details recent progress towards the development of these proposed applications. We explored the use of carbon nanomaterials such as fullerene C60, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for a range of new technologies including, degradation of a probe organic compound by in situ generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), new strategies for microbial disinfection, and the inhibition of biofilm development on membrane surfaces. The results show that the degradation of 2-chlorophenol by ROS produced microbial inactivation, and the mobility of the nanoparticle aggregates of the carbon nanomaterials all increased as suspensions were fractionated to enrich with smaller aggregates with sonication followed by successive membrane filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Chae
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Park CH, Cheon JH, Kim JO, Shin JE, Jang BI, Shin SJ, Jeen YT, Lee SH, Ji JS, Han DS, Jung SA, Park DI, Baek IH, Kim SH, Chang DK. Criteria for decision making after endoscopic resection of well-differentiated rectal carcinoids with regard to potential lymphatic spread. Endoscopy 2011; 43:790-5. [PMID: 21735371 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1256414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM Rectal carcinoids are low-grade malignancies that are usually treated by endoscopic resection. However, on pathologic examination, resection margins that are positive for carcinoid cells are frequently found. Patient outcomes were reviewed after endoscopic resection of rectal carcinoids and the clinical significance of possible residual disease, as defined by pathologic and endoscopic examination, was evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS The medical records and endoscopic findings of 347 patients presenting with rectal carcinoids to 14 university hospitals in Korea between January 1999 and June 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS A total of 304 patients were treated with endoscopic resection, and 43 patents were treated with surgery. In the endoscopic resection group, the complete resection rate was 88.2% based on endoscopic appearance (CR-E) and 60.2% based on pathologic evaluation (CR-P). The agreement between CR-E and CR-P was low (κ=0.192). No residual tumors were found in 77 of 85 patients (90.6%) who were CR-E but not CR-P and who had endoscopic biopsy taken at 24-month follow-up. The receiver-operating characteristic curve identified an optimal cut-off value of 10.5 mm, at which the sensitivity and the specificity for metastasis were 100% and 89%, respectively. The risk factors for metastasis by multivariate analysis were tumor size, increased mitotic rate, and lymphovascular invasion. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopic resection is a safe and effective modality for treating well-differentiated rectal carcinoids smaller than 10 mm in diameter. Discrepancies were observed between CR-E and CR-P. The risk factors for metastasis were tumor size, increased mitotic rate, and lymphovascular invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
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Cheong HS, Kim HD, Na HS, Kim JO, Kim LH, Kim SH, Bae JS, Chung MW, Shin HD. Screening of genetic variations of SLC15A2, SLC22A1, SLC22A2 and SLC22A6 genes. J Hum Genet 2011; 56:666-70. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2011.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Im HS, Kim JO, Lee SJ, Lee YS, Park EK. Borderline mucinous tumor arising in a paratubal cyst: a case report. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2011; 32:206-207. [PMID: 21614917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paratubal borderline tumors (PBTs) are found incidentally at frozen section or permanant pathology, and are extremely rare. We describe the first case of a paratubal borderline mucinous tumor (PBMT). CASE REPORT A 20-year-old woman was referred with a complex right adnexal mass on pelvic sonogram. She underwent laparoscopic paratubal cyst enucleation. We used an endobag for cyst extraction. Cyst rupture or tearing of the endobag in the laparoscopic field was absent. Frozen section analysis was reported as a borderline mucinous tumor of low malignant potential. Currently, she has had no evidence of disease recurrence after a laparoscopic fertility-sparing staging procedure. CONCLUSION A proper preoperative differential diagnosis of an adnexal mass is difficult. Thus, laparoscopy is needed in large or symptomatic cysts. Although growth, torsion and malignancy are rare in paratubal cysts, the possibility of tumor seeding should be excluded with use of an endobag.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Im
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
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Kim JO, Baek JM, Jeung C, Park EK, Lee HN, Lee YS. A case of primary ovarian adenomyoma mimicking ovarian malignancy. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2011; 32:103-106. [PMID: 21446338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Adenomyoma is a benign tumor composed of smooth muscle and benign endometrium. These tumors typically originate within the uterus. An extrauterine adenomyoma is an extremely rare entity. After an extensive literature search, only four cases of primary ovarian adenomyoma appear to have thus far been reported. Here, we report a case of ovarian adenomyoma in a 39-year-old woman mimicking malignant neoplasma of the ovary, along with a brief literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Kim
- Department of Pathology, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
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Lee YS, Kim JO, Park SE. Ancient schwannoma of the thigh mimicking a malignant tumour: a report of two cases, with emphasis on MRI findings. Br J Radiol 2010; 83:e154-7. [PMID: 20603402 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/19325350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ancient schwannomas are rare, encapsulated tumours of long duration and are benign in nature. The tumour is solitary and may grow to a large size before detection of notable degenerative changes. The term "ancient schwannoma" is used to describe a tumour that has undergone such changes, typified by relative loss of Antoni type A tissue, perivascular hyalinisation, calcification, cystic necrosis, haemorrhage and the presence of degenerative nuclei that may be misinterpreted as sarcomatous pleomorphism. We report two cases of ancient schwannoma in the thigh mimicking malignancies. Identifying the fibrous capsule of the mass and a split fat sign using MRI is important for differentiating ancient schwannoma from other malignant tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Soo Lee
- Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
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Cheong HS, Yoon DH, Bae JS, Kim LH, Kim EM, Kim JO, Hong J, Kim N, Shin HD. ADFP promoter polymorphism associated with marbling score in Korean cattle. BMB Rep 2009; 42:529-34. [PMID: 19712591 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2009.42.8.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Marbling score (MS) is the major trait that affects carcass quality in beef cattle. In this study, we investigated the association between genetic polymorphisms of the adipose differentiation-related protein gene (ADFP) and carcass traits in Korean cattle (also known as Hanwoo). Using direct DNA sequencing in 24 unrelated Korean cattle, 25 novel polymorphisms were identified within all exons and their flanking regions of ADFP, including the promoter region (1.5 kb). Among them, 21 polymorphic sites were selected for genotyping in the beef cattle (n = 425). Statistical analyses revealed that one promoter polymorphism (c.-56-18A > G) was associated with MS (P = 0.009). The "A" allele of c.-56-18A > G exerted a lowering effect on MS, e.g., the lowest MS was found in "A/A" (MS = 2.09 +/- 1.23), intermediate in "A/G" (MS = 2.11 +/- 1.31), and the highest in "G/G" (MS = 2.47 +/- 1.47). Our findings suggest that these polymorphisms in ADFP might be important genetic factors involved in carcass quality in beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Sub Cheong
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea
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Abstract
Here, we present the case of a 51-year-old man with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT). The patient was diagnosed as having LS-SCLC with an endobronchial mass in the left main bronchus. Following concurrent chemoradiotherapy, a mass remaining in the left lingular division was treated with PDT. Clinical and histological data indicate that the patient has remained in complete response for 2 years without further treatment. This patient represents a rare case of complete response in LS-SCLC treated with PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital and Cancer Research Institute, Jungku, Daejeon, South Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Eun
- Institute for Digestive Research, Soonchunhyang University, College of Medicine, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Jeon SR, Eun SH, Shim CS, Ryu CB, Kim JO, Cho JY, Lee JS, Lee MS, Jin SY. Effect of drug-eluting metal stents in benign esophageal stricture: an in vivo animal study. Endoscopy 2009; 41:449-56. [PMID: 19418400 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1214607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS The aim of this study in canines was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of self-expandable metal stents, which were coated with paclitaxel to minimize the tissue response. MATERIALS AND METHODS 14 dogs (5-10 kg) were randomly allocated to two groups. Drug-eluting stents (DES, n = 7) or nondrug-eluting stents (non-DES, n = 7) were endoscopically inserted and fixed in the esophagus of healthy dogs. Every 2 weeks, for a maximum period of 8 weeks, an endoscopic examination was performed to evaluate the status of stent insertion, the grade of tissue hyperplasia, and mucosal change at both ends of the stent. RESULTS One case of stent migration was observed after 4 weeks in the non-DES group. In this group, tissue reaction and hyperplasia remained for more than 4 weeks after stent insertion. By contrast, an endoscopic examination of the surrounding esophageal mucosa in the DES group showed very little tissue reaction, and the stent was easily separated from the esophageal tissue. CONCLUSION Although further studies are required to confirm our results, we suggest that these newly designed DES may provide an alternative tool to manage refractory benign esophageal stricture.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Jeon
- Digestive Disease Center, Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Park JS, Park DI, Park SK, Choi JS, Kim YH, Chang DK, Son HJ, Kim JE, Kim JO, Lee SH, Kim HS, Sin JE, Lee SG, Lee SY, Park SJ, Park CH, Baek IH, Jang BI, Jeen YT, Huh KC. Endoscopic evaluation of significant gastrointestinal lesions in patients with iron deficiency with and without anaemia: a Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Disease study. Intern Med J 2008; 39:441-6. [PMID: 19220549 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2008.01785.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although endoscopy is recommended for patients with iron deficiency anaemia, there is, currently, no consensus on the role of endoscopy for iron-deficient patients without anaemia. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of serious gastrointestinal (GI) lesions, identified by endoscopy in patients with iron deficiency and anaemia compared with patients with iron deficiency without anaemia. METHODS One thousand five hundred and eighteen patients with a ferritin value of <or=50 ng/mL and a total iron-binding capacity >or=300 mg/dL were retrospectively investigated using oesophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy between January 2005 and September 2006. The lesions identified were classified as clinically important according to standard predetermined criteria. RESULTS Among the 1518 cases, 749 patients had anaemia and 769 had normal haemoglobin levels. Clinically important lesions were identified in 24.6% of the patients with anaemia and in 22.8% of the patients without anaemia (P > 0.05). The frequency of lower GI tract lesions (13.6 vs 11.4%, P > 0.05) and upper GI tract lesions (11.9 vs 12.5%, P > 0.05) was similar in the comparisons between the two groups. However, the frequency of malignant GI lesions was higher in the patients with anaemia (5.1 vs 0.7%, P < 0.01). In addition, the patients without anaemia were significantly more likely to have early-stage neoplasia (adenoma, early gastric cancer and Dukes' A and B colon cancer) than were the patients with anaemia (98.4 vs 52.5%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that patients with iron deficiency should undergo endoscopic evaluation of the GI tract, irrespective of whether they have anaemia. The endoscopic evaluation of the GI tract in patients with iron deficiency without anaemia could provide an opportunity for the detection of early-stage neoplasia at a curable stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JO, Huq MS. SU-GG-T-334: Improvement of Off-Axis Energy Sampling in XVMC Beam Model for Varian 2100C/D. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2962086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Cheong HS, Yoon DH, Park BL, Kim LH, Bae JS, Namgoong S, Lee HW, Han CS, Kim JO, Cheong IC, Shin HD. A single nucleotide polymorphism in CAPN1 associated with marbling score in Korean cattle. BMC Genet 2008; 9:33. [PMID: 18423040 PMCID: PMC2386817 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-9-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 04/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Marbling score (MS) is the major quantitative trait that affects carcass quality in beef cattle. In this study, we examined the association between genetic polymorphisms of the micromolar calcium-activated neutral protease gene (micro-calpain, CAPN1) and carcass traits in Korean cattle (also known as Hanwoo). Results By direct DNA sequencing in 24 unrelated Korean cattle, we identified 39 sequence variants within exons and their flanking regions in CAPN1. Among them, 12 common polymorphic sites were selected for genotyping in the beef cattle (n = 421). Statistical analysis revealed that a polymorphism in the 3'UTR (c.2151*479C>T) showed significant association with MS (Pcor. = 0.02). Conclusion Our findings suggest that polymorphisms in CAPN1 might be one of the important genetic factors involved in carcass quality in beef cattle, although it could be false positive association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Sub Cheong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Rm 1407, Complex B, WooLim Lion's Valley, 371-28, Gasan-Dong, Geumcheon-Gu, Seoul, 153-803, Korea.
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Kim YH, Lee JH, Yang SK, Kim TI, Kim JS, Kim HJ, Kim JI, Kim SW, Kim JO, Jung IK, Jung SA, Jung MK, Kim HS, Myung SJ, Kim WH, Rhee JC, Choi KY, Song IS, Hyun JH, Min YI. Primary colon lymphoma in Korea: a KASID (Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases) Study. Dig Dis Sci 2005; 50:2243-7. [PMID: 16416168 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-005-3041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2005] [Accepted: 03/22/2005] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although almost all primary colorectal lymphomas are of B-cell lineage in Western countries, primary colorectal T-cell lymphomas are not uncommon in the East. The aim of this study was to review the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of primary colorectal lymphomas, with special emphasis on the differences between T-cell and B-cell lymphomas. Ninety-five cases of primary colorectal lymphomas that satisfied Dawson's criteria were identified from the clinical databases of 13 university hospitals in Korea. The mean age at the time of presentation was 51.1 years and the male:female ratio was 64:31. The clinical information, including endoscopic and histological characteristics, was retrospectively analyzed. Of the primary colorectal lymphomas, 78 cases (82.1%) were of B-lineage and 17 cases (17.9%) were of T-cell lineage. Patients with T-cell lymphomas presented at a younger age than patients with B-cell lymphomas (42.8 vs 52.9 years, respectively; P = 0.016). The most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain (87.1%) for B-cell lymphomas, whereas hematochezia or night fever was more common for T-cell lymphomas (52.9% and 35.3%, respectively). The most common endoscopic type was fungating mass (54.0%) for B-cell lymphomas and ulcerative/ulcero-infiltrative lesions (80.0%) for T-cell lymphomas. Intussusception was more common in B-cell lymphomas than in T-cell lymphomas (30.8% vs 5.9%, respectively; P = 0.035), but perforation was more common in T-cell lymphomas than in B-cell lymphomas (23.5% vs 3.8%, respectively; P = 0.005). The prognosis was significantly worse for T-cell lymphomas than for B-cell lymphomas (P = 0.002). Primary colorectal T-cell lymphomas are characterized by multifocal ulcerative lesions in relatively young patients, a high rate of hematochezia, fever, or perforation, and a poor prognosis even for cases of localized disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-H Kim
- Sungkyunkwan University, Korea
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Shim CS, Jung IS, Cheon YK, Ryu CB, Hong SJ, Kim JO, Cho JY, Lee JS, Lee MS, Kim BS. Management of malignant stricture of the esophagogastric junction with a newly designed self-expanding metal stent with an antireflux mechanism. Endoscopy 2005; 37:335-9. [PMID: 15824943 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-861113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS When stents are placed across the esophagogastric junction for palliative treatment of malignant strictures, they may lead to esophagogastric reflux. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a newly designed antireflux stent with that of a standard open stent and a currently available antireflux stent (Dostent) in preventing gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients with inoperable cancer at the esophagogastric junction. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-six consecutive patients with cancer at the esophagogastric junction were randomly assigned to undergo placement of a newly designed antireflux stent (n = 12), a Dostent (n = 12), or a standard open stent (n = 12). Technical and clinical success, dysphagia score, reflux symptoms, complications and ambulatory 24-h esophageal pH monitoring were assessed. RESULTS The technical success rates were 100 %. After 1 week, dysphagia had improved in all patient groups ( P < 0.05), but the degree of improvement did not differ between the three groups. The DeMeester score was significantly lower in the group with the newly designed antireflux stent than in the other groups. The fraction of the total recording time during which esophageal pH was below 4 was 3.14 +/- 5.78 % using the newly designed antireflux stent, in comparison with 29.25 +/- 15.41 % in the Dostent group and 15.01 +/- 11.72 % in the standard open stent group ( P < 0.001). Fewer reflux episodes occurred with the newly designed antireflux stent than with the Dostent or standard open stent. There were no complications with any of the three stents. CONCLUSIONS The newly designed antireflux stent is effective in relieving dysphagia caused by malignant cancer at the esophagogastric junction. The newly designed antireflux stent is significantly more effective in preventing gastroesophageal reflux than currently available antireflux stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Shim
- Institute for Digestive Research, Soon Chun Hyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Shim CS, Jung IS, Bhandari S, Ryu CB, Hong SJ, Kim JO, Cho JY, Lee JS, Lee MS, Kim BS. Management of malignant strictures of the cervical esophagus with a newly-designed self-expanding metal stent. Endoscopy 2004; 36:554-7. [PMID: 15202054 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-814555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the use of self-expanding metal stents has become a well-established method of palliative treatment for stenotic malignant diseases in the middle and distal esophagus. However, published results on the use of self-expanding metal stents in cervical esophageal cancer are somewhat limited by a paucity of clinical details and experience. A new self-expanding esophageal metal stent with a short upper flange 0.7 cm in length was studied prospectively in order to assess its efficacy for palliative treatment. This report presents experience in three patients in whom this new stent was used in the treatment of cervical esophageal cancers. Stent placement was successful in all three patients, with no serious complications such as esophageal perforation, hemorrhage, or foreign-body sensation. All of the patients experienced rapid improvement in dysphagia and clinical symptoms. The newly designed self-expanding stent can be of value in the treatment of stenotic cervical esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Shim
- Institute for Digestive Research, Soon Chun Hyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Jung IS, Jang JY, Ryu CB, Hong SJ, Kim JO, Cho JY, Lee JS, Lee MS, Jin SY, Shim CS, Kim BS. Angiolipoma of the duodenum diagnosed after endoscopic resection. Endoscopy 2004; 36:375. [PMID: 15057700 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-814213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I S Jung
- Institute for Digestive Research, Soon Chun Hyang University, College of Medicine Seoul, Korea
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Chae SR, Lee SH, Kim JO, Paik BC, Song YC, Park HS, Shin HS. Simultaneous removal of organic and strong nitrogen from sewage in a pilot-scale BNR process supplemented with food waste. Water Sci Technol 2004; 49:257-264. [PMID: 15137432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
As the sewerage system is incomplete, sewage in Korea lacks easily biodegradable organics for nutrient removal. In this country, about 11,400 tons of food waste of high organic materials is produced daily. Therefore, the potential of food waste as an external carbon source was examined in a pilot-scale BNR (biological nutrient removal) process for a half year. It was found that as the supply of the external carbon increased, the average removal efficiencies of T-N (total nitrogen) and T-P (total phosphorus) increased from 53% and 55% to 97% and 93%, respectively. VFAs (volatile fatty acids) concentration of the external carbon source strongly affected denitrification efficiency and EBPR (enhanced biological phosphorus removal) activity. Biological phosphorus removal was increased to 93% when T-N removal efficiency increased from 78% to 97%. In this study, several kinds of PHAs (poly-hydroxyalkanoates) in cells were observed. The observed PHAs was composed of 37% 3HB (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate), 47% 3HV (poly-3-hydroxyvalerate), 9% 3HH (poly-3-hydroxyhexanoate), 5% 3HO (poly-3-hydroxyoctanoate), and 2% 3HD (poly-3-hydroxydecanoate).
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Chae
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea.
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Kim SK, Kang MH, Kim JO, Kim JK, Matsui S, Shimizu Y. Performance evaluation of leachate treatment system using innovative sulfur circulation method. Environ Technol 2003; 24:1283-1290. [PMID: 14669809 DOI: 10.1080/09593330309385671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A pilot-scale experimental study was carried out to evaluate the performance of an innovative method for early stabilization of landfill. This method employs sequential processes of: leachate collection; nitrification through aeration; sulfate addition in effluent tank; and leachate injection back to the landfill. This study focused on: 1) decomposition of recalcitrant organic matters, 2) the characteristics of denitrification, 3) sulfide oxidation for sulfate recovery, and 4) nitrification by aerating discharged leachate. It was found that, when sulfate (SO4(2-)) added leachate was introduced inside the landfill, sulfate-reducing bacteria decomposed recalcitrant organic matters like lignocellulose by using SO4(2-) as an electron acceptor and simultaneously sulfur-oxidizing bacteria denitrified the leachate using sulfides (H2S, HS-, S2-) as electron donors. These two types of bacteria existed not competitively but symbiotically on substrate utilization. Sulfate-reducing bacteria produced S2- while sulfur-oxidizing bacteria oxidized S2- to SO4(2-). During aeration, the concentration of NO3(-)-N increased from near zero up to 925 mg l(-1). Eventual denitrification efficiency in the simulated waste landfill was observed to be approximately 92.3%. Also, S2- present in the discharged leachate was converted to SO4(2-) again in the aeration process. Sulfate needed in this process could be recirculated. Therefore, the amount of sulfate required in the operation of this method could be maintained marginal after the initial addition of sulfate in the effluent tank. Decomposition of recalcitrant organic matters and denitrification hastened the stabilization of landfill. The results of this study indicated that this innovative method was effective and economic.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Kim
- Water Resources and Environmental Research Division, Institute of Construction Technology, 2311 Daehwa-dong, Ilsan-gu, Koyang, Kyonggi-do, 411-712, Korea
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Kim JO, Lee WB. Biodegradation of gaseous benzene with microbial consortium in a biofilter. Environ Technol 2002; 23:437-444. [PMID: 12088371 DOI: 10.1080/09593332508618401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the biodegradation of gaseous benzene in a biofilter inoculated with benzene-oxidizing microorganisms. The biofilter performance was monitored in terms of benzene removal efficiency and carbon dioxide production. The biofilter was capable of achieving as much as 96% benzene removal efficiency at a residence time of 2 min and an inlet concentration of 220 ppm. During operation with an inlet benzene of 220 ppm, the maximum elimination capacity of the biofilter was 483 g of C6H6 m(-3) day(-1). Under the same conditions, carbon dioxide with a concentration of up to 726 ppm was produced. It was found that carbon dioxide wasproduced at a rate of 608 mg day(-1), which corresponded to a volume of 0.35 l day(-1). Observable features of the microorganisms, meaning microbial activity occurrence in the biofilter, were investigated with the microscopy analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Kim
- Department of Environmental Education, Mokpo National University, Muan-Kun, Chonnam, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
We describe two cases of elderly women who presented hypoglycemic episodes with suppressed levels of insulin and insulin-like growth factor I. They were found to have huge malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura. The tumors had rich vascularization on enhanced CT scans and showed characteristic low signal intensity on T2-weighted MR images. This paraneoplastic hypoglycemia is caused by an incompletely processed precursor of insulin-like growth factor II secreted from the tumor. Hypoglycemia and insulin suppression were resolved after removal of the tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kim
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, 640 Daesa-dong, Joong-gu, Taejon, 301-040, South Korea.
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Kim JO, Somiya I, Shin EB, Bae W, Kim SK, Kim RH. Application of membrane-coupled anaerobic volatile fatty acids fermentor for dissolved organics recovery from coagulated raw sludge. Water Sci Technol 2002; 45:167-174. [PMID: 12201099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the treatment performance of membrane-coupled anaerobic volatile fatty acids fermentor system, the effects of operational parameters for volatile fatty acids production were evaluated through experiments and a mathematical model. The volatile fatty acids recovery ratio was largely affected by the change of hydraulic retention time, reaching its maximum value at 12 hrs. Over the range of hydraulic retention time 8 to 96 hrs, the volatile fatty acids recovery ratio decreased with the increase of hydraulic retention time above 12 hrs, while the ratio of mineralization and gasification increased. Hydraulic retention time and membrane filtration ratio should be maintained less than 1 day and above 0.9, respectively, to attain over 40% of organic materials recovery ratio at 10 days of solids retention time. When the hydrolysis rate constant was 0.01 hr-1, the organic loading rate should be maintained at above 1.0 (kgC/m3/day) to attain over 45% of volatile fatty acids recovery ratio. Based on experimental and simulated results, membrane-coupled anaerobic volatile fatty acids fermentor system was thought to be effective for dissolved organics recovery from coagulated sewage sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Kim
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kangnung National University, Chibyeon-dong 123, Kangnung, Kangwon-do, 210-702, Korea
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Abstract
Due to the significant increase in the number of monitor units used to deliver a dynamic IMRT treatment, the total MLC leakage (transmission plus scatter) can exceed 10% of the maximum in-field dose. To avoid dosimetric errors, this leakage must be accurately accounted for in the dose calculation and conversion of optimized intensity patterns to MLC trajectories used for treatment delivery. In this study, we characterized the leaf end transmission and leakage radiation for Varian 80- and 120-leaf MLCs using Monte Carlo simulations. The complex geometry of the MLC, including the rounded leaf end, leaf edges (tongue-and-groove and offset notch), mounting slots, and holes was modeled using MCNP4b. Studies were undertaken to determine the leakage as a function of field size, components of the leakage, electron contamination, beam hardening and leaf tip effects. The leakage radiation with the MLC configured to fully block the field was determined. Dose for 6 and 18 MV beams was calculated at 5 cm depth in a water phantom located at 95 cm SSD, and normalized to the dose for an open field. Dose components were scored separately for radiation transmitted through and scattered from the MLC. For the 80-leaf MLC at 6 MV, the average leakage dose is 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, and 1.9% for 5 x 5, 10 x 10, 15 x 15, and 20 x 20cm2 fields, respectively. For the 120-leaf MLC at 6 MV, the average leakage dose is 1.6%, 1.6%, 1.7%, and 1.9% for the same field sizes. Measured leakage values for the 120-leaf MLC agreed with calculated values to within 0.1% of the open field dose. The increased leakage with field size is attributed to MLC scattered radiation. The fractional electron contamination for a blocked MLC field is greater than that for an open field. The MLC attenuation significantly affects the photon spectrum, resulting in an increase in percent depth dose at 6 MV, however, little effect is observed at 18 MV. Both phantom scatter and the finite source size contribute to the leaf tip profile observed in phantom. The results of this paper can be applied to fluence-to-trajectory and trajectory-to-fluence calculations for IMRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Virginia Hospitals, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0058, USA.
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Shim CS, Cho YD, Moon JH, Kim JO, Cho JY, Kim YS, Lee JS, Lee MS. Fixation of a modified covered esophageal stent: its clinical usefulness for preventing stent migration. Endoscopy 2001; 33:843-8. [PMID: 11571679 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-17326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Membrane-covered self-expandable metal stents are effective in preventing tumor ingrowth and stent obstruction in patients with inoperable esophageal cancer, but migration of stents continues to be a major problem. We therefore constructed a modified covered self-expandable esophageal metal stent capable of being fixed using a silk thread. The stent was studied prospectively to define its palliative characteristics and whether it is effective in preventing migration. PATIENTS AND METHODS Modified covered self-expandable metal stents were placed in 17 patients with malignant gastric cardiac cancer involving the esophagogastric junction, 41 patients with esophageal cancer, and three patients with tracheoesophageal fistulas. Clinical and radiographic follow-up examinations were carried out at regular intervals. RESULTS Placement of the stent was successful in all patients, with good symptomatic relief and no serious stent-related complications such as esophageal perforation or hemorrhage. Acute stent placement problems, such as incomplete expansion or acute angulation of the stent, were noted in four patients. However, during a mean follow-up period of 7.5 months (range 1 to 17 months), there was no stent migration. CONCLUSIONS Modified covered self-expandable esophageal metal stents of this type would be very effective in preventing stent migration, especially in patients with malignant gastric cardiac cancer extending to the lower esophagus, those with short-segment esophageal cancer, and those with tracheoesophageal fistulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Shim
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, Institute for Digestive Research, Soon Chun Hyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Moon JH, Cho YD, Ryu CB, Kim JO, Cho JY, Kim YS, Lee JS, Lee MS, Shim CS. The role of percutaneous transhepatic papillary balloon dilation in percutaneous choledochoscopic lithotomy. Gastrointest Endosc 2001; 54:232-6. [PMID: 11474400 DOI: 10.1067/mge.2001.116881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When choledochoscopic lithotomy with basket and electrohydraulic lithotripsy is used to remove intrahepatic duct stones, fragments or small stones usually remain in the bile duct that are too small to be captured with a basket. METHODS An attempt was made to remove stone fragments in 16 patients with intrahepatic duct stones by antegrade balloon dilation of the sphincter of Oddi with a conventional balloon catheter. After balloon dilation, remnant stones and sludge were pushed through the papilla with the choledochoscope. RESULTS Bile duct stones were completely removed in 12 of 16 patients (75%); stones were removed in 1 session. There was no clinical evidence of procedure-related pancreatitis or fatal complications. CONCLUSIONS Percutaneous transhepatic papillary balloon dilation of the sphincter of Oddi and clearance of remnant bile duct stones and stone fragments with the tip of choledochoscope is simple and effective in patients undergoing percutaneous transhepatic choledochoscopic lithotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Moon
- Institute for Digestive Research, Digestive Disease Center, Soon Chun Hyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Shim
- Digestive Disease Center, Soon Chung Hyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
At present, no single graft option clearly outperforms another. Autografts (patellar tendon, hamstring) and allografts (Achilles tendon, patellar tendon) are the grafts most often used. However, each grafts has advantages and disadvantages. Quadriceps tendon graft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is not new, but an alternative composite graft is introduced here that consists of quadriceps tendon-patellar bone and bone obtained from a coring reamer used to create the tibial tunnel. This composite graft retains reduced morbidity while allowing the secure bone-to-bone fixation associated with bone-patellar tendon-bone graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Kim
- Department of Orthopaedics, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University and Ewha Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Dose calculations for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) face new challenges due to the complex leaf geometry and time dependent nature of the delivery. A fast method of particle transport through a dynamic multileaf collimator (MLC) geometry that accounts for photon attenuation and first-scattered Compton photon production has been incorporated into an existing Monte Carlo code used for patient dose calculations. Dosimetric agreement between calculation and measurement for two photon energies and MLC types is within experimental error for the sliding window tests. For a patient IMRT field, the Monte Carlo calculations are closer to measured dose than similar superposition or pencil beam calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Keall
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Virginia Hospitals at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA.
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A case of pyogenic spondylitis in S1-S2 is presented. OBJECTIVE To describe the diagnosis and management of this rare spondylitis. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The segment including the first and second sacral vertebrae is not mobile. Therefore, discitis of S1-S2 and adjacent spondylitis is very rare. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of infectious spondylitis in an immobile segment: S1-S2. METHODS In addition to radiography and bone scintigraphy, magnetic resonance imaging was used to confirm the diagnosis. Changes consistent with infectious spondylitis were shown, including an epidural abscess. RESULTS The patient was treated with laparoscopic drainage and biopsy. Staphylococcus aureus was cultured, and adequate antibiotics were administered. Repeat magnetic resonance imaging at approximately 4 months demonstrated normal signal intensity and disappearance of the abscess. CONCLUSION Findings from this study show that pyogenic spondylitis can occur in immobile S1-S2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y D Koh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ewha Women's University, Seoul, Korea.
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Abstract
An empirical model based on some statistical analysis for predicting produced volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration was developed to establish reliable design conditions of a membrane-coupled anaerobic VFA fermenter (MCAVF) and assess its performance with influent organics concentration (Ci), membrane filtration ratio (phi) and hydraulic loading rate (HLR). The empirical model followed the same trend as the experimental data, which showed the effectiveness of the model. The relationship involving these three independent variables explained more than 90% of the variation in the dependent variable. A model explains that the produced VFA concentration is more sensitive to changes in influent organics concentration (Ci) and membrane filtration ratio (phi) than hydraulic loading rate (HLR). This empirical model can predict the optimum values of operation parameters on many scenarios. Due to its simplicity, the empirical model can be used to design and operate a membrane-coupled anaerobic VFAs fermenter.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida Honmachi, Japan
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