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Lim JH, Qin RX, Ly J, Fischer J, Smith N, Karalus M, Wu L, van Dalen R, Lolohea S. Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in New Zealand: peri-operative outcomes and service development over a decade. ANZ J Surg 2024; 94:614-620. [PMID: 38240147 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is the standard of care for selected cases of peritoneal surface malignancy. However, due to its morbidity and learning curve, it is only delivered in six centres in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand (AoNZ). In this study, we report peri-operative morbidity and mortality following CRS/HIPEC at Waikato and Braemar Hospitals, which have treated patients from all regions of AoNZ since 2008. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed a database of all patients undergoing CRS and HIPEC from 01/01/2008 to 01/11/2020 at Waikato and Braemar Hospitals. RESULTS Two-hundred and forty procedures were performed for 221 patients with a mean age of 55, including 22 (9.2%) re-do procedures. One hundred and eighty-six cases were European, 32 were Māori, and 16 were Pasifika. There were 152 pseudomyxoma peritonei, 39 colorectal adenocarcinomas, 29 appendiceal cancers, 8 ovarian cancers, 6 peritoneal mesothelioma, and 6 other tumour types. The median PCI was 16. HIPEC was administered to 196 out of 196 CC0/1 cases (100%) and 3 out of 44 CC2/3 cases (6.8%). Fifty-six cases (23.3%) had at least one major complication. There were two mortalities (0.8%) within 30 days. The median length of stay was 11 days. Operative duration was identified as an independent risk factor for major complications. There was considerable variation in the number of referrals from different regions of AoNZ. Over time, a decline in major complication rate is seen with increased case volume. CONCLUSION The Waikato region has achieved favourable short-term outcomes following CRS/HIPEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hui Lim
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Rennie Xinrui Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jasen Ly
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
- Waikato Clinical Campus, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jesse Fischer
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
- Waikato Clinical Campus, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas Smith
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Mosese Karalus
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Linus Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Roelof van Dalen
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Simione Lolohea
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Qin RX, Lim JH, Ly J, Fischer J, Smith N, Karalus M, Wu L, van Dalen R, Lolohea S. Long-term survival following cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in Waikato, Aotearoa New Zealand: a 12-year experience. ANZ J Surg 2024; 94:621-627. [PMID: 37994292 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) have improved survival for selected cases of peritoneal surface malignancy. In 2008, a CRS/HIPEC service was first established in Aotearoa New Zealand (AoNZ) at Waikato and Braemar Hospitals in the Waikato region. METHODS This is a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of all patients undergoing CRS/HIPEC from 1 January 2008 to 1 November 2020 at Waikato and Braemar Hospitals. We analysed long-term survival and predictors of survival for each tumour type. RESULTS 240 procedures were performed for 221 patients, including 22 re-do procedures. Cases had a median peritoneal cancer index of 16. Complete cytoreduction (CC0-1) was achieved in 196 cases (81.7%). All complete cytoreduction cases received HIPEC. There were 152 pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP), 39 colorectal cancers (CRC), 29 appendiceal cancers, eight ovarian cancers, six peritoneal mesotheliomas, and six other cancers. The 5-year overall survival (OS) for PMP with acellular mucin, low-grade mucinous carcinoma peritonei, and high-grade mucinous carcinoma peritonei with or without signet cells were 91.6%, 80.5%, and 72.2%, respectively. 2- and 5-year OS in CRC were 56.7% and 40.4%. The achievement of complete cytoreduction improved the 5-year OS to 87.9% across all PMP and 45.1% in colorectal cancer. Incomplete cytoreduction predicted worse survival in appendiceal PMP. In colorectal cancer, worse survival was predicted in those who had incomplete cytoreduction, liver metastasis, and presentation with obstruction and perforation. CONCLUSION Favourable long-term outcomes following CRS/HIPEC for peritoneal surface malignancy have been achieved in AoNZ through the Waikato peritonectomy service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rennie Xinrui Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jia Hui Lim
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Jasen Ly
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
- Waikato Clinical Campus, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jesse Fischer
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
- Waikato Clinical Campus, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas Smith
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Mosese Karalus
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Linus Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Roelef van Dalen
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Simione Lolohea
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Elizebath D, Lim JH, Nishiyama Y, Vedhanarayanan B, Saeki A, Ogawa Y, Praveen VK. Nonclassical Crystal Growth of Supramolecular Polymers in Aqueous Medium. Small 2024; 20:e2306175. [PMID: 37771173 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
A mechanistic understanding of the principles governing the hierarchical organization of supramolecular polymers offers a paradigm for tailoring synthetic molecular architectures at the nano to micrometric scales. Herein, the unconventional crystal growth mechanism of a supramolecular polymer of superbenzene(coronene)-diphenylalanine conjugate (Cr-FFOEt ) is demonstrated. 3D electron diffraction (3D ED), a technique underexplored in supramolecular chemistry, is effectively utilized to gain a molecular-level understanding of the gradual growth of the initially formed poorly crystalline hairy, fibril-like supramolecular polymers into the ribbon-like crystallites. The further evolution of these nanosized flat ribbons into microcrystals by oriented attachment and lateral fusion is probed by time-resolved microscopy and electron diffraction. The gradual morphological and structural changes reveal the nonclassical crystal growth pathway, where the balance of strong and weak intermolecular interactions led to a structure beyond the nanoscale. The role of distinct π-stacking and H-bonding interactions that drive the nonclassical crystallization process of Cr-FFOEt supramolecular polymers is analyzed in comparison to analogous molecules, Py-FFOEt and Cr-FF forming helical and twisted fibers, respectively. Furthermore, the Cr-FFOEt crystals formed through nonclassical crystallization are found to improve the functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drishya Elizebath
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jia Hui Lim
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | | | - Balaraman Vedhanarayanan
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yu Ogawa
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Vakayil K Praveen
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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Lim KH, Cheong YL, Lim HL, Cheong KC, Hashim MHM, Marine AA, Cheah YK, Lim JH, Mohd Ghazali S. Validity and reliability of the Malay language Perception Towards Smoking Questionnaire (BM-PTSQ) among secondary school adolescents: Further validation using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-25. [PMID: 38268983 PMCID: PMC10807019 DOI: 10.18332/tid/176164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Perception is an essential factor influencing smoking among adolescents. Thus, a valid tool for measuring perception is a requisite in smoking studies. This study further establishes the validity and reliability of a Malay language version of the Perception Towards Smoking Questionnaire (BM-PTSQ) for assessing the perception of smoking among secondary school-going adolescents in Malaysia. METHODS We administered the BM-PTSQ to 669 secondary school students selected through multistage sampling; 60% of respondents were male (n=398), and 69.9% (n=463) were from rural areas. Respondents were aged 13-16 years, 36.4% (n=241) were 13 years, 40.0% (n=265) were 14 years, and 23.6% (n=156) were 16 years old. We used parallel and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to determine the domains of the questionnaire. In addition, we also employed EFA, confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), and Cronbach's alpha to evaluate the construct validity and reliability of the BM-PTSQ. RESULTS EFA and parallel analysis identified two domains in the BM-PTSQ that accounted for 62.9% of the observed variance, and CFA confirmed the two-domain structure. The two domains' internal consistency scores ranged from 0.702 to 0.80, which suggested adequate reliability. CONCLUSIONS The BM-PTSQ has acceptable psychometric validity and is appropriate for assessing smoking perception and intention among Malaysian secondary school-aged youth. Researchers should further evaluate this tool's applicability in a more sociodemographically diverse population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang Hock Lim
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yoon Ling Cheong
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Li Lim
- Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Sultan Ismail, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Kee Chee Cheong
- Department of Biostatistics, and Data Repository, National Institutes of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hazilas Mat Hashim
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ali Aman Marine
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yong Kang Cheah
- School of Economics, Finance and Banking, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | - Jia Hui Lim
- Pharmacy Department, Putrajaya Hospital, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Sumarni Mohd Ghazali
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hribernik N, Vargová D, Dal Colle MCS, Lim JH, Fittolani G, Yu Y, Fujihara J, Ludwig K, Seeberger PH, Ogawa Y, Delbianco M. Controlling the Assembly of Cellulose-Based Oligosaccharides through Sequence Modifications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310357. [PMID: 37823670 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Peptides and nucleic acids with programmable sequences are widely explored for the production of tunable, self-assembling functional materials. Herein we demonstrate that the primary sequence of oligosaccharides can be designed to access materials with tunable shapes and properties. Synthetic cellulose-based oligomers were assembled into 2D or 3D rod-like crystallites. Sequence modifications within the oligosaccharide core influenced the molecular packing and led to the formation of square-like assemblies based on the rare cellulose IVII allomorph. In contrast, modifications at the termini generated elongated aggregates with tunable surfaces, resulting in self-healing supramolecular hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nives Hribernik
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Denisa Vargová
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Marlene C S Dal Colle
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jia Hui Lim
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Giulio Fittolani
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Junki Fujihara
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Ludwig
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yu Ogawa
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Martina Delbianco
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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Lim JH, Jing Y, Park S, Nishiyama Y, Veron M, Rauch E, Ogawa Y. Structural Anisotropy Governs the Kink Formation in Cellulose Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3961-3969. [PMID: 37078694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the defect structure is fundamental to correlating the structure and properties of materials. However, little is known about the defects of soft matter at the nanoscale beyond their external morphology. We report here on the molecular-level structural details of kink defects of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) based on a combination of experimental and theoretical methods. Low-dose scanning nanobeam electron diffraction analysis allowed for correlation of the local crystallographic information and nanoscale morphology and revealed that the structural anisotropy governed the kink formation of CNCs. We identified two bending modes along different crystallographic directions with distinct disordered structures at kink points. The drying strongly affected the external morphology of the kinks, resulting in underestimating the kink population in the standard dry observation conditions. These detailed defect analyses improve our understanding of the structural heterogeneity of nanocelluloses and contribute to the future exploitation of soft matter defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hui Lim
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Yun Jing
- Molecular Vista, Incorporated, 6840 Via Del Oro, Suite 110, San Jose, California 95119, United States
| | - Sung Park
- Molecular Vista, Incorporated, 6840 Via Del Oro, Suite 110, San Jose, California 95119, United States
| | | | - Muriel Veron
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, SIMaP, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Edgar Rauch
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, SIMaP, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Yu Ogawa
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Lim KH, Yun YX, Cheong YL, Sulaiman N, Mahadzir ME, Lim JH, Hashim MHM, Lim HL. Construct validity and reliability of the Malay version of the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND): A confirmatory factor analysis. Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:36. [PMID: 36909814 PMCID: PMC9993235 DOI: 10.18332/tid/159624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND) was forward-backwards translated into the Malay language (FTND-M) and administered to 152 daily smokers who sought treatment for smoking cessation in government health clinics in Selangor state, Malaysia. METHODS Using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), four measurement models with the best relative fit were compared, one uni-dimensional model, and three different two-domain (morning and daytime smoking) models. RESULTS The findings indicate that the best model of the FTND-M was a two-domain model, wherein domain one represented morning smoking (time to first cigarette of the day, smoking more in the morning, and which cigarette would you hate to give up) and domain two represented daytime smoking (cigarettes per day, difficulty refraining from smoking, and smoking when ill) which showed good model fit [χ2/df=1.932, goodness of fit (GFI) of 0.967, comparative fix index (CFI) of 0.945, incremental fit index (IFI) of 0.98, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) of 0.95 and a real mean square end of approximation (RMSEA) of 0.079, and substantial reliability >0.70]. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that the FTND-M can be used to assess these two dimensions of nicotine addiction among daily smokers in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang Hock Lim
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yah Xin Yun
- Selangor Pharmacy Enforcement Branch, Selangor State Health Department, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yoon Ling Cheong
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Mas Eliana Mahadzir
- Pharmacy Department, Shah Alam Hospital, Shah Alam, Malaysia.,Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jia Hui Lim
- Pharmacy Department, Putrajaya Hospital, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Hui Li Lim
- Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Sultan Ismail, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
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Lim KH, Cheong YL, Sulaiman N, Yah XY, Mahadzir ME, Lim JH, Kee CC, Mohd Ghazali S, Lim HL. Agreement between the Fagerström test for nicotine
dependence (FTND) and the heaviness of smoking index
(HSI) for assessing the intensity of nicotine dependence
among daily smokers. Tob Induc Dis 2022; 20:105. [DOI: 10.18332/tid/155376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Lim KH, Cheong YL, Lim HL, Kee CC, Ghazali SM, Heng PP, Teh CH, Hashim MHM, Cheah YK, Lim JH. Validation of the Malay Version of the Decisional Balance
Inventory (MDBI) among secondary school-going adolescents. Tob Induc Dis 2022; 20:79. [PMID: 36188418 PMCID: PMC9483825 DOI: 10.18332/tid/152409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kuang Hock Lim
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yoon Ling Cheong
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Li Lim
- Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Sultan Ismail, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Chee Cheong Kee
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Repository, National Institutes of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Sumarni Mohd Ghazali
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pei Pei Heng
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chien Huey Teh
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Yong Kang Cheah
- School of Economics, Finance and Banking, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | - Jia Hui Lim
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital Putrajaya, Putrajaya, Malaysia
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Lim KH, Cheong YL, Lim HL, Ghazali SM, Kee CC, Cheah YK, Heng PP, Hashim MHM, Tan CV, Lim JH. Correlates of dual/poly tobacco use among school-going
adolescents in Malaysia: Findings from a nationwide school-based
study. Tob Induc Dis 2022; 20:52. [PMID: 35733644 PMCID: PMC9164214 DOI: 10.18332/tid/148247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dual/poly tobacco use is common among youths globally. However, in Malaysia information on dual/poly tobacco use is scarce, thus the present study examines the prevalence and factors associated with dual/poly tobacco users among school-going adolescents in Malaysia. METHODS We derived data on tobacco and e-cigarette use among Malaysian adolescents from a nationwide school-based study conducted in 2016. A total of 13135 adolescents responded in the cross-sectional survey which used multi-stage sampling to select a representative sample of school-going adolescents aged 11–19 years. A standard validated questionnaire was used to obtain the data and multiple logistic regression was conducted to assess factors associated with dual/ poly tobacco use. RESULTS The prevalence of dual/poly tobacco use was 6.5%, more than half of which were both conventional and e-cigarette users. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that the likelihood of dual tobacco use was significantly higher among males (AOR=14.73; 95% CI: 9.11–23.81), secondary school students, those aged 16–19 years (AOR=5.99; 95% CI: 4.04–8.87), natives of Sabah (AOR=7.41; 95% CI: 3.48–15.79), and those never been taught on the health hazards of tobacco at school, exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS) at home, school or other public areas, and had a positive perception of e-cigarettes and lower perception of the harms of tobacco smoking. CONCLUSIONS Although the prevalence of dual/poly users was still low among Malaysian school-going adolescents, proactive measures should be taken to reduce dual tobacco use among youth in Malaysia with focus on the factors identified in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang Hock Lim
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yoon Ling Cheong
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Li Lim
- Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Sultan Ismail, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Sumarni Mohd Ghazali
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chee Cheong Kee
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Repository, National Institutes of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Yong Kang Cheah
- School of Economics, Finance and Banking, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | - Pei Pei Heng
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Cia Vei Tan
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jia Hui Lim
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital Putrajaya, Putrajaya, Malaysia
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Lim KH, Cheong YL, Lim HL, Kee CC, Ghazali SM, Pradmahan Singh BSG, Omar MA, Hashim MHM, Cheah YK, Lim JH. Assessment of association between smoking and all-cause
mortality among Malaysian adult population: Findings from a
retrospective cohort study. Tob Induc Dis 2022; 20:50. [PMID: 35702648 PMCID: PMC9150905 DOI: 10.18332/tid/147656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smoking is a known risk factor for many chronic diseases. Illness and death due to smoking are a significant public health burden in many countries. This study aims to address the information gap in smoking-related mortality in Malaysia by estimating the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortalities due to smoking among Malaysian adults. METHODS We analyzed data on 2525 respondents, aged 24–64 years, of the Malaysian Non-Communicable Disease Surveillance survey conducted September 2005 to February 2006. Mortality records from the Malaysian National Registration Department were linked to the MYNCDS-1 data to determine respondents’ mortality status over 12 years from 2006 to 2018. Associations between smoking and all-cause mortalities were assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression with adjustments for non-communicable disease and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. RESULTS The prevalence of daily smoking was 21.2% (95% CI: 19.0–23.7). During the 31668 person-years follow-up, 213 deaths from all causes occurred, where 68 deaths were among smokers (13.2%), and 452 were among non-smokers (6.3%). Smoking was associated with a significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ration, AHR=1.79; 95% CI: 1.12– 2.97). These associations remained significant after excluding mortalities in the first two years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Daily smoking is associated with a significantly higher risk of all-cause death. Behavioral and pharmacological smoking cessation interventions should be intensified among smokers to reduce the risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hui Li Lim
- Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Sultan Ismail, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Chee Cheong Kee
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Repository, National Institutes of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Mohd Azahadi Omar
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Repository, National Institutes of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | | | - Yong Kang Cheah
- School of Economics, Finance and Banking, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | - Jia Hui Lim
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital Putrajaya, Putrajaya, Malaysia
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Chua RYJ, Lim JH, Wiruchnipawan W(F. Unlocking the Creativity Potential of Dialectical Thinking: Field Investigations of the Comparative Effects of Transformational and Transactional Leadership Styles. J Creat Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jocb.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Lim KH, Lim HL, Mohd Ghazali S, Kee CC, Tain MZ, Cheong YL, Cheah YK, Ismail SA, Heng PP, Lim JH. USING THE THEORY OF REASONED ACTION TO PREDICT SMOKING INTENTION AMONG NON-SMOKING SECONDARY SCHOOL GOING ADOLESCENTS IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA. MJPHM 2021. [DOI: 10.37268/mjphm/vol.21/no.2/art.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aims to determine the relationship of attitude and social-norm with the intention to smoke in the future among non-smoking youth. Data were derived from a study on smoking among form four students in a selected secondary school in Peninsular Malaysia, which utilised a pre-validated questionnaire to obtain data from the selected respondents. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling (SEM) were used in data analysis. The study revealed independent variables accounted for 22.6% of the variance in intention to initiate smoking and the model had a good fit. A significant relationship was observed between subjective norm and intention to initiate smoking (R=0.46). The study revealed that attitude and social norm substantially explained intention to smoke among non-smoking adolescents. Future measures should concentrate on correcting the subjective norms to reduce the intention to initiate smoking among non-smoking youth.
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Lim JH, Tai K, Kouchaki M. Ambivalent bosses: An examination of supervisor expressed emotional ambivalence on subordinate task engagement. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lim KH, Ghazali SM, Lim HL, Cheong YL, Kee CC, Heng PP, Tiunh TY, Mat Hashim MH, Lim JH. Prevalence and factors related to secondhand smoke exposure among secondary school-going adolescents in Malaysia: Findings from Malaysia Global Health School Survey 2012 and 2017. Tob Induc Dis 2021; 19:50. [PMID: 34177412 PMCID: PMC8204740 DOI: 10.18332/tid/136029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Secondhand (SHS) smoke exposure has caused various health problems. Therefore, continuous monitoring of SHS exposure is important to determine the efficacy of various anti-tobacco measure implemented. The study aims to compare the prevalence and factor(s) associated with SHS exposure among secondary school-going adolescents in Malaysia during 2012 and 2017. METHODS We derived data from the Global School Health Survey (GSHS) 2012 and GSHS 2017, which was carried out in Malaysia using multistage sampling to select representative samples of secondary school-going adolescents. Both surveys used similar questionnaires to measure SHS exposure. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the prevalence and factors associated with SHS exposure. RESULTS Approximately four in ten respondents were exposed to SHS in the past week in both surveys (41.5% in GSHS 2012 and 42.0% in GSHS 2017, respectively). Both surveys revealed a significantly higher SHS exposure among respondents who smoked than among non-smokers and higher among males compared to females. The likelihood of SHS exposure in both surveys was also similar, with a higher likelihood of SHS exposure among smoking adolescents and non-smoking adolescents who had at least one smoking parent/guardian, regardless of their own smoking status. Male adolescents had a higher risk of SHS exposure compared to their female counterparts. Meanwhile, SHS risk also increased with age, regardless of smoking status. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that there were no changes in the prevalence of SHS exposure and recorded only a slight change in the factors associated with exposure to SHS among school-going adolescents in Malaysia between the years 2012 and 2017. A more pro-active, extensive and comprehensive programme should be implemented to address the problem of SHS exposure. Parents should be advised to stop smoking or abstain from smoking in the presence of their children, and smoking cessation interventions are necessary for smoking adolescents and their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang Hock Lim
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sumarni Mohd Ghazali
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Li Lim
- Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Sultan Ismail, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Yoon Ling Cheong
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chee Cheong Kee
- Biostatistics and Data Raspatory Sector, National Institutes of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Pei Pei Heng
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tsye Yih Tiunh
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Jia Hui Lim
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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Argunova TS, Kohn VG, Lim JH, Gudkina ZV, Nazarova ED. Computer simulations of X-ray phase-contrast images and microtomographic observation of tubules in dentin. J Synchrotron Radiat 2020; 27:462-467. [PMID: 32153285 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519016503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An investigation of the problems of X-ray imaging of dentinal tubules is presented. Two main points are addressed. In the first part of this paper, the problem of computer simulating tubule images recorded in a coherent synchrotron radiation (SR) beam has been discussed. A phantom material which involved a two-dimensional lattice of the tubules with parameters similar to those of dentin was considered. By a comparative examination of two approximations, it was found that the method of phase-contrast imaging is valid if the number of tubules along the beam is less than 100. Calculated images from a lattice of 50 × 50 tubules are periodic in free space but depend strongly on the distance between the specimen and the detector. In the second part, SR microtomographic experiments with millimetre-sized dentin samples in a partially coherent beam have been described. Tomograms were reconstructed from experimental projections using a technique for incoherent radiation. The main result of this part is the three-dimensional rendering of the directions of the tubules in a volume of the samples. Generation of the directions is possible because a tomogram shows the positions of the tubules. However, a detailed tubule cross-section structure cannot be restored.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Argunova
- Ioffe Institute RAS, Polytekhnicheskaya St 26, 194021 St Petersburg, Russia
| | - V G Kohn
- National Research Centre `Kurchatov Institute', 1 Kurchatov Sq., Moscow, Russia
| | - J H Lim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80 Jigokro-127-beongil, Namku, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Z V Gudkina
- Ioffe Institute RAS, Polytekhnicheskaya St 26, 194021 St Petersburg, Russia
| | - E D Nazarova
- Ioffe Institute RAS, Polytekhnicheskaya St 26, 194021 St Petersburg, Russia
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Lim KH, Ghazali SM, Lim HL, Cheong KC, Teh CH, Lim KK, Heng PP, Cheah YK, Lim JH. Smoking susceptibility among non-smoking school-going adolescents in Malaysia: findings from a national school-based survey. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e031164. [PMID: 31662384 PMCID: PMC6830643 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The identification of susceptible non-smoking adolescents is an essential step in reducing smoking initiation among adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and factors associated with smoking susceptibility among non-smoking school-going adolescents in Malaysia. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Primary and secondary schools in Malaysia. PARTICIPANTS 11 246 non-smoking school-going adolescents. OUTCOME MEASURES The prevalence and factors associated with smoking susceptibility among non-smoking school-going adolescents in Malaysia. RESULTS Approximately 14% of non-smokers were susceptible to smoking, and the prevalence of susceptibility was significantly higher among males, ever-smokers and e-cigarette users. The odds of susceptibility to smoking were higher among males, e-cigarette users, those aged 12 years and under and those who had ever smoked or tried cigarettes. Students from schools with educational programmes on the health effects of second-hand smoke (SHS) and who perceived smoking to be harmful were less likely to be susceptible to smoking. CONCLUSION Smoking susceptibility is prevalent among school-going adolescents. A comprehensive approach that enhances or reinforces health education programmes on the adverse health effects of smoking and SHS among school children, that considers multiple factors and that involves all stakeholders is urgently needed to reduce the prevalence of smoking susceptibility among vulnerable subgroups, as identified from the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang Hock Lim
- Special Resource Center, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Hui Li Lim
- Pathology Unit, Hospital Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Mentakab, Malaysia
| | - Kee Chee Cheong
- Special Resource Center, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chien Huey Teh
- Special Resource Center, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kuang Kuay Lim
- Occupational Health Center, Institute of Public Health, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Pei Pei Heng
- Special Resource Center, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yong Kang Cheah
- College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | - Jia Hui Lim
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Malaysia Campus, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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Lim KH, Lim HL, Teh CH, Ghazali SM, Kee CC, Heng PP, Shaharuddin R, Lim JH. Is the implementation of smoke-free policies at workplaces associated with living in a smoke-free home?: Findings from a national population-based study in Malaysia. Tob Induc Dis 2019; 17:51. [PMID: 31516494 PMCID: PMC6662793 DOI: 10.18332/tid/100692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies have shown that the implementation of smoke-free policies at workplaces have shifted the social norms towards secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure at home. This study aimed to investigate whether working in a smoke-free workplace is associated with living in a smoke-free home (SFH). METHODS The data were derived from the Malaysian Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS-M), collected in 2011-2012, involving 4250 respondents. Data analyses involved 1343 respondents reported to be in the working population. RESULTS More than half of the respondents (58.5%) were reportedly working in smoke-free workplaces. Almost a quarter (24.8%) of those who worked in smoke-free workplaces stayed in smoke-free homes, which was more than two times higher than their counterparts who worked at non-smoke-free workplaces (24.8% vs 12.0%, p<0.001). Multivariable analyses further substantiated this finding (AOR=2.01, 95% CI: 1.11-3.61, reference group = worked at non-smoke-free workplaces). CONCLUSIONS This study found an association between living in smoke-free homes and working at smoke-free workplaces, which could suggest a positive impact of implementing smoke-free workplaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang Hock Lim
- Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Li Lim
- Hospital Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Temerloh, Malaysia
| | - Chien Huey Teh
- Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Chee Cheong Kee
- Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pei Pei Heng
- Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rafiza Shaharuddin
- Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jia Hui Lim
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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Lim JH, Engelmann X, Corby S, Ganguly R, Ray K, Soo HS. C-H activation and nucleophilic substitution in a photochemically generated high valent iron complex. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3992-4002. [PMID: 29862004 PMCID: PMC5944818 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05378a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The (photo) chemical oxidation of a (TAML)FeIII complex using outer-sphere oxidants results in valence tautomerisation and C–H activation governed by exogenous anions.
The photochemical oxidation of a (TAML)FeIII complex 1 using visible light generated Ru(bpy)33+ produces valence tautomers (TAML)FeIV (1+) and (TAML˙+)FeIII (1-TAML˙+), depending on the exogenous anions. The presence of labile Cl– or Br– results in a ligand-based oxidation and stabilisation of a radical-cationic (TAML˙+)FeIII complex, which subsequently leads to unprecedented C–H activation followed by nucleophilic substitution on the TAML aryl ring. In contrast, exogenous cyanide culminates in metal-based oxidation, yielding the first example of a crystallographically characterised S = 1 [(TAML)FeIV(CN)2]2– species. This is a rare report of an anion-dependent valence tautomerisation in photochemically accessed high valent (TAML)Fe systems with potential applications in the oxidation of pollutants, hydrocarbons, and water. Furthermore, the nucleophilic aromatic halogenation reaction mediated by (TAML˙+)FeIII represents a novel domain for high-valent metal reactivity and highlights the possible intramolecular ligand or substrate modification pathways under highly oxidising conditions. Our findings therefore shine light on high-valent metal oxidants based on TAMLs and other potential non-innocent ligands and open new avenues for oxidation catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hui Lim
- Energy Research Institute@NTU (ERI@N) , Nanyang Technological University , Interdisciplinary Graduate School , Research Techno Plaza , Singapore 63755.,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371 .
| | - Xenia Engelmann
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Institut für Chemie , Brook-Taylor-Straβe 2 , 12489 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Sacha Corby
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371 . .,Imperial College London , Department of Chemistry , South Kensington Campus , London , SW7 2AZ , UK
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371 .
| | - Kallol Ray
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Institut für Chemie , Brook-Taylor-Straβe 2 , 12489 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Han Sen Soo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371 . .,Singapore-Berkeley Research Initiative for Sustainable Energy , 1 Create Way , Singapore 138602.,Solar Fuels Laboratory , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798
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Kim EJ, Choi EH, Kim NJ, Oh BR, Lim JH. The effect of surveillance program for surgical site infection of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery for 5 years: a prospective study in a tertiary hospital in Korea. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2015. [PMCID: PMC4474658 DOI: 10.1186/2047-2994-4-s1-p76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Kim SH, Chong JU, Lim JH, Choi GH, Kang CM, Choi JS, Lee WJ, Kim KS. Optimal assessment of lymph node status in gallbladder cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2015; 42:205-10. [PMID: 26614023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymph node (LN) metastasis is an important prognostic factor in gallbladder cancer (GBCA). LN status has been adopted as a critical element of staging systems. However, the influence of total lymph node count (TLNC) remains unclear. We determined the optimal minimum TLNC and compared the prognostic significance of LN status indices in GBCA. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 128 patients with T2 or greater GBCA who underwent LN dissection. We analyzed overall survival (OS) and relevance of the number of metastatic LNs, ratio of metastatic LNs to retrieved LNs (LNR), and TLNC in predicting OS. RESULTS The median OS durations were 120, 35, and 18 months in T2, T3, and T4 GBCA. Five-year OS rates were 73%, 43%, and 0% in T2, T3, and T4 GBCA. LN status did not significantly impact OS in T2 or T4 GBCA. However, all LN indices were significantly correlated with OS in T3 GBCA. Furthermore, multivariate analysis revealed that a metastatic LN count of more than four and a TLNC of more than eight were independent prognostic factors of OS in T3 GBCA. CONCLUSIONS TLNC and the number of positive LNs may be more important prognostic factors than LNR in T3 GBCA. Additionally, accurate staging may not be achieved in cases of T3 GBCA if the total number of retrieved LNs is less than eight. Thus, to ensure proper staging, we recommend that surgeons harvest more than eight LNs in patients with T3 GBCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - J U Chong
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - G H Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C M Kang
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Guan D, Lim JH, Peng L, Liu Y, Lam M, Seto E, Kao HY. Deacetylation of the tumor suppressor protein PML regulates hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1340. [PMID: 25032863 PMCID: PMC4123062 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) is a tumor suppressor that is expressed at a low level in various cancers. Although post-translational modifications including SUMOylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination have been found to regulate the stability or activity of PML, little is known about the role of its acetylation in the control of cell survival. Here we demonstrate that acetylation of lysine 487 (K487) and SUMO1 conjugation of K490 at PML protein are mutually exclusive. We found that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) promotes PML deacetylation and identified SIRT1 and SIRT5 as PML deacetylases. Both SIRT1 and SIRT5 are required for H2O2-mediated deacetylation of PML and accumulation of nuclear PML protein in HeLa cells. Knockdown of SIRT1 reduces the number of H2O2-induced PML-nuclear bodies (NBs) and increases the survival of HeLa cells. Ectopic expression of wild-type PML but not the K487R mutant rescues H2O2-induced cell death in SIRT1 knockdown cells. Furthermore, ectopic expression of wild-type SIRT5 but not a catalytic defective mutant can also restore H2O2-induced cell death in SIRT1 knockdown cells. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel regulatory mechanism in which SIRT1/SIRT5-mediated PML deacetylation plays a role in the regulation of cancer cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Guan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, and Comprehensive Cancer Center of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - J H Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, and Comprehensive Cancer Center of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - L Peng
- H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, and Comprehensive Cancer Center of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - M Lam
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - E Seto
- H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - H-Y Kao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, and Comprehensive Cancer Center of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Kim SB, Tsang J, Kim TY, Yap YS, Cornelio G, Gong G, Paik S, Lee S, Ng TY, Park S, Oh HS, Yau T, Lee SH, Lim JH, Choi YJ, Lee EM, Park KH, Do IG, Yeoh EM, Ro J. Abstract P4-12-28: HER2-related biomarkers in HER2+ breast cancer patients in Asia Pacific. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p4-12-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Recent findings suggest that HER2-related molecular markers such as PTEN deletion or downregulation, PIK3CA mutation, truncated HER2 receptor (p95HER2), and tumor HER2 mRNA levels, have the potential to predict anti-HER2 treatment response. We evaluated the distribution of these biomarkers at the time of primary diagnosis and their relationship to responsiveness to lapatinib treatment in the metastatic setting in HER2+ breast cancer patients.
We conducted an observational study of female HER2+ breast cancer patients who were initiated on lapatinib treatment following recurrence or metastases in five Asia Pacific countries. Patients were enrolled between August 2010 and December 2012. Eligible patients had a tumor biopsy specimen available from their primary breast cancer diagnosis or before they started on any anti-HER2 treatment, had not been exposed to more than two lines of anti-HER2 treatment in the metastatic setting or other experimental anti-HER2 treatment, and had no other primary tumor. Biomarkers levels at primary diagnosis were measured; PTEN levels were assessed by immunohistochemistry and PIK3CA mutations were detected by a mass spectroscopy-based approach. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) from the initiation of first lapatinib-based regimen given in metastatic setting to disease progression from that regimen or death from any cause. PFS analysis was conducted with a data cut-off date of 31 December 2012.
A total of 162 patients were included in this study and 96% have confirmed HER2+ breast cancer primary tumor. The mean age was 52±10 years and 97% had metastases at study entry, with bone being the most common site of metastasis (48%). About a quarter had PTEN protein loss (24%), 30% had PIK3CA mutation, and 7% had both at primary diagnosis. No significant association was observed between both biomarkers or between each biomarker and estrogen receptor status or HER2 status.
Table 1. Relationship between PTEN and PIK3CA PIK3CA mutation, n (%)PIK3CA wild-type, n (%)p-valuePTEN status 0.674Loss11 (29)27 (71) Normal33 (33)68 (67)
Patients with altered PTEN expression, or PIK3CA mutation showed comparable PFS with lapatinib-based treatment as those with normal PTEN or PIK3CA expression at analysis cut-off date (median PFS 7.5 and 8.5 months respectively vs. 8.9 and 9.0 months respectively; p = 0.502 and p = 0.268 respectively). There remained no significant difference in PFS after having adjusted for significant confounders (HR 1.2 and 1.1 respectively; 95% CI 0.7–1.9 and 0.7–1.8 respectively; p = 0.481 and p = 0.730 respectively). The distribution of p95HER2 expression and tumor HER mRNA levels and their association with PFS will be included at the time of presentation.
Our preliminary findings suggest that PTEN alteration, or PIK3CA mutation may not be predictive of clinical response to lapatinib treatment in HER2+ breast cancer patients. The final PFS results with additional markers will provide more clues regarding their relationship to treatment response.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P4-12-28.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-B Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - J Tsang
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - T-Y Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - YS Yap
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - G Cornelio
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - G Gong
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - S Paik
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - T-Y Ng
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - S Park
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - H-S Oh
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - T Yau
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - SH Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - JH Lim
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - Y-J Choi
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - EM Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - K-H Park
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - I-G Do
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - E-M Yeoh
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - J Ro
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
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Ahmad Rather I, Seo BJ, Rejish Kumar VJ, Choi UH, Choi KH, Lim JH, Park YH. Isolation and characterization of a proteinaceous antifungal compound from Lactobacillus plantarum YML007 and its application as a food preservative. Lett Appl Microbiol 2013; 57:69-76. [PMID: 23565693 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Korean kimchi is known for its myriad of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with diverse bioactive compounds. This study was undertaken to isolate an efficient antifungal LAB strain among the isolated kimchi LABs. One thousand and four hundred LABs isolated from different kimchi samples were initially screened against Aspergillus niger. The strain exhibiting the highest antifungal activity was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum YML007 by 16S rRNA sequencing and biochemical assays using API 50 CHL kit. Lact. plantarum YML007 was further screened against Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum and other pathogenic bacteria. The morphological changes during the inhibition were assessed by scanning electron microscopy. Preliminary studies on the antifungal compound demonstrated its proteinaceous nature with a molecular weight of 1256·617 Da, analysed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). The biopreservative activity of Lact. plantarum YML007 was evaluated using dried soybeans. Spores of A. niger were observed in the negative control after 15 days of incubation. However, fungal growth was not observed in the soybeans treated with fivefold concentrated cell-free supernatant of Lact. plantarum YML007. The broad activity of Lact. plantarum YML007 against various food spoilage moulds and bacteria suggests its scope as a food preservative. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY After screening 1400 kimchi bacterial isolates, strain Lactobacillus plantarum YML007 was selected with strong antifungal activity against various foodborne pathogens. From the preliminary studies, it was found that the bioactive compound is a low molecular weight novel protein of 1256·617 Da. Biopreservative potential of Lact. plantarum YML007 was demonstrated on soybean grains, and the results point out YML007 as a potent biopreservative having broad antimicrobial activity against various foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ahmad Rather
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
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25
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Rhee CK, Yoo KH, Lee JH, Park MJ, Kim WJ, Park YB, Hwang YI, Kim YS, Jung JY, Moon JY, Rhee YK, Park HK, Lim JH, Park HY, Lee SW, Kim YH, Lee SH, Yoon HK, Kim JW, Kim JS, Kim YK, Oh YM, Lee SD, Kim HJ. Clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis-destroyed lung. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013; 17:67-75. [PMID: 23232006 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING Multicentre study. OBJECTIVE To define the clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) destroyed lung due to past TB. DESIGN We reviewed patients with TB-destroyed lung between May 2005 and June 2011. RESULTS A total of 595 patients from 21 hospitals were enrolled. The mean age was 65.63 ± 0.47 (mean ± standard error); 60.5% were male. The mean number of lobes involved was 2.59 ± 0.05. Pleural thickening was observed in 54.1% of the patients. Mean forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)), FEV(1)/FVC, bronchodilator response and number of exacerbations per year were respectively 2.06 ± 0.03 l (61.26% ± 0.79), 1.16 ± 0.02 l (49.05% ± 0.84), 58.03% ± 0.70, 5.70% ± 0.34, and 0.40 ± 0.04. The number of lobes involved was significantly correlated with FVC and FEV(1), and with the number of exacerbations per year. Use of long-acting muscarinic antagonists or long-acting beta-2 agonists plus inhaled corticosteroids resulted in bronchodilatory effects. Multivariable regression analysis showed that age, initial FEV(1) (%) and number of exacerbations during follow-up were independent factors affecting change in FEV(1). CONCLUSION Decreased lung function with exacerbation, and progressive decline of FEV(1) were observed in patients with TB-destroyed lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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26
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Lee DS, Kim YS, Lee CG, Lim JH, Suh CO, Kim HJ, Cho J. Early volumetric change and treatment outcome of metastatic brain tumors after external beam radiotherapy: differential radiotherapy for brain metastasis. Clin Transl Oncol 2013; 15:889-96. [PMID: 23408041 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-013-1016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the treatment outcomes of low-dose whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT)-based differential radiation therapy (RT) for metastatic brain tumors. METHODS A total of 242 targets (metastatic brain lesions) were analyzed in the present study. Median WBRT dose and number of fractions were 25 (range 25-35) Gy and 10 (range 8-15) fractions, respectively. A median normalized total dose (NTD) of 1.8 Gy (NTD(1.8Gy)) to the metastatic lesion was 45 (range 27-64.8) Gy. We numbered and contoured each metastatic lesion sequentially using computed tomography fused with serial magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate volumetric changes. RESULTS The 6-month and 1-year freedom from remote intracranial failure rates were 87.7 and 58.5 %, respectively. The 6-month actuarial local control (LC) rate was 93.4 %. Tumor diameter was a major determinant for LC, and tumor histology was a significant parameter predicting the volume reduction rate. With overall complete response (CR) rate of 56.6 % after RT, CR rate, if the target was more than 1 cm in size, was 25 % with a median NTD(1.8Gy) of 45 Gy, requiring dose escalation to achieve better target regression. CONCLUSIONS Low-dose WBRT with selective boost was feasible and effective. Our results pose the rationale of future trial of differential radiation therapy (RT), which prescribes different radiation dose according to the tumor density in metastatic brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
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Kim MY, Lim JH, Youn HH, Hong YA, Yang KS, Park HS, Chung S, Ko SH, Shin SJ, Choi BS, Kim HW, Kim YS, Lee JH, Chang YS, Park CW. Resveratrol prevents renal lipotoxicity and inhibits mesangial cell glucotoxicity in a manner dependent on the AMPK-SIRT1-PGC1α axis in db/db mice. Diabetologia 2013; 56:204-17. [PMID: 23090186 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2747-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Many of the effects of resveratrol are consistent with the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), silent information regulator T1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α), which play key roles in the regulation of lipid and glucose homeostasis, and in the control of oxidative stress. We investigated whether resveratrol has protective effects on the kidney in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Four groups of male C57BLKS/J db/m and db/db mice were used in this study. Resveratrol was administered via gavage to diabetic and non-diabetic mice, starting at 8 weeks of age, for 12 weeks. RESULTS The db/db mice treated with resveratrol had decreased albuminuria. Resveratrol ameliorated glomerular matrix expansion and inflammation. Resveratrol also lowered the NEFA and triacylglycerol content of the kidney, and this action was related to increases in the phosphorylation of AMPK and the activation of SIRT1-PGC-1α signalling and of the key downstream effectors, the PPARα-oestrogen-related receptor (ERR)-1α-sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1). Furthermore, resveratrol decreased the activity of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)-Akt phosphorylation and class O forkhead box (FOXO)3a phosphorylation, which resulted in a decrease in B cell leukaemia/lymphoma 2 (BCL-2)-associated X protein (BAX) and increases in BCL-2, superoxide dismutase (SOD)1 and SOD2 production. Consequently, resveratrol reversed the increase in renal apoptotic cells and oxidative stress, as reflected by renal 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), urinary 8-OH-dG and isoprostane concentrations. Resveratrol prevented high-glucose-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in cultured mesangial cells through the phosphorylation of AMPK and activation of SIRT1-PGC-1α signalling and the downstream effectors, PPARα-ERR-1α-SREBP1. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The results suggest that resveratrol prevents diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice by the phosphorylation of AMPK and activation of SIRT1-PGC-1α signalling, which appear to prevent lipotoxicity-related apoptosis and oxidative stress in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, #505, Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul 137-040, Republic of Korea
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Nam TW, Cho JM, Kim SI, Kim SH, Lim JH. Preliminary study for gait phases detection to develop a rehabilitation equipment for hemiplegic patients. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2012; 2005:2425-8. [PMID: 17282727 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1616958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Preliminary experiment for analyzing weight shift during gait phases for hemiplegic patients was carried out to develop rehabilitation equipment. A gait phase detection system using pressure sensors was developed and the experiment was carried out for eight hemiplegic patients and normal adult. The weight shift during gait phases for a normal adult showed symmetrical for left and right footing phase, but that for the hemiplegic patients showed asymmetrical footing phase. However, it gave sufficient information to discriminate between left and right footing phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Nam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Kimhae, 621-749 Korea
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Kim SY, Park SY, Lim JH, Lee BY, Yang JH, Ryu HM. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α gene polymorphisms in Korean patients with pre-eclampsia. J Endocrinol Invest 2012; 35:670-5. [PMID: 21979130 DOI: 10.3275/8009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placental hypoxia has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is activated by low oxygen tension and is a key regulator of genes involved in the cellular responses to hypoxia. AIM We determined whether maternal blood c.1722C>T (Pro582Ser) and c.1790G>A (Ala588Thr) polymorphisms in exon 12 of the HIF-1α gene are associated with pre-eclampsia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Subjects included 163 pre-eclamptic patients (48 mild and 115 severe preeclampsia) and 194 healthy pregnant women. Polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR and direct DNA sequencing. RESULTS There were no significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies of the c.1772C>T and c.1790G>A polymorphisms of the HIF-1α gene among the study groups. Moreover, subgroup analysis according to pre-eclampsia severity revealed no significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies of the HIF-1α c.1772C>T and c.1790G>A polymorphism in mild pre-eclamptic compared to severe pre-eclamptic group. In addition, there were no significant differences in the frequencies of 3 haplotypes (C-G,-G, T-G, and C-A) between the control and pre-eclamptic groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the HIF-1α gene polymorphisms are not associated with the development of pre-eclampsia in the studied Korean women population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Kim
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, 1-19 Mukjeong-dong, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-380, Korea
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30
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Seo BJ, Rather IA, Kumar VJR, Choi UH, Moon MR, Lim JH, Park YH. Evaluation of Leuconostoc mesenteroides YML003 as a probiotic against low-pathogenic avian influenza (H9N2) virus in chickens. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 113:163-71. [PMID: 22548634 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05326.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aims of the study were to isolate anti-H9N2 bacteria from Korean Kimchi isolates and to evaluate its performance in cell line, egg and in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. METHODS AND RESULTS Using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell line, 220 bacterial isolates were screened and the isolate YML003 was selected having pronounced antiviral activity against H9N2 virus. This isolate was identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Anti-H9N2 activity of the strain was also evaluated by hemagglutination assay. Leuconostoc mesenteroides YML003 was assessed for its survival in gastric juice and 5% bile acid and the antibiotic susceptibility. Both live and heat-killed cells were selected for in vivo chicken feeding experiment. Body weight, immune index, serobiochemical parameters and splenic IFN-γ production were assessed during selected intervals. Viral population in the trachea and cloacae were calculated by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). CONCLUSIONS Leuconostoc mesenteroides YML003 exhibited anti-H9N2 activity both in in vitro cell line as well as in vivo SPF chickens. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is a primary report on the anti-H9N2 activity by a Leuconostoc strain. Amid the increasing reports of avian influenza virus occurrence resulting in severe losses to the poultry industry, prophylactic administration of such probiotic strains are highly significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Seo
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyongsangbuk-Do, Korea
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31
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Lim JH, Jun BC, Song SW. Clinical Feasibility of Multiplanar Reconstruction Images of Temporal Bone CT in the Diagnosis of Temporal Bone Fracture with Otic-Capsule-Sparing Facial Nerve Paralysis. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012; 65:219-24. [PMID: 24427570 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-011-0471-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of multiplanar reconstructive (MPR) imaging of temporal bone CT in the diagnosis of temporal bone fracture with oticcapsule-sparing facial nerve paralysis. Twelve patients with traumatic facial nerve paralysis with otic-capsule sparing and temporal bone fractures were selected. Multiplanar reconstruction images were obtained with the V-works 4.0 software program (Cybermed, Seoul, Korea) using axial scanning of high-resolution temporal bone CT of the fracture line. The clinical profiles of the patients displaying temporal bone fractures were examined in relation to the findings. Multiplanar images of the fracture line provided information regarding the direction of the external force that fractured the temporal bone. The fracture line was more continuous in the MPR images than in the axial view. All patients showed an imaginary extended fracture line directed toward the otic capsule. The direction of the fracture line toward the middle ear cavity is important, as it may suggest insult to the otic capsule. The MPR image parallel to the fracture line of the temporal bone provides a guideline for the vector of the force that induced the fracture. Thorough investigation of the critical organs during surgical exploration is recommended if the direction of the fracture in the MPR image points toward the otic capsule in the middle ear even if the fracture line relative to the otic capsule is not well defined in the axial or CT view.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lim
- Department of Radiology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 65-1 Geumoh-dong, Uijeongbu, Gyeonggi 480-717 Korea
| | - B C Jun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 65-1 Geumoh-dong, Uijeongbu, Gyeonggi 480-717 Korea
| | - S W Song
- Department of Radiology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 65-1 Geumoh-dong, Uijeongbu, Gyeonggi 480-717 Korea
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Lee HJ, Chung K, Lee H, Lee K, Lim JH, Song J. Downregulation of mitochondrial lon protease impairs mitochondrial function and causes hepatic insulin resistance in human liver SK-HEP-1 cells. Diabetologia 2011; 54:1437-46. [PMID: 21347624 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Lon protease degrades oxidatively damaged proteins in mitochondrial matrix. To examine the relationships between mitochondrial quality control, mitochondrial functions and diabetes, we investigated whether lon protease deficiency influences insulin resistance by affecting mitochondrial function. METHODS Lon protease-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into human liver SK-HEP-1 cells and changes in molecules related to insulin resistance were analysed. RESULTS Reduction in lon protease was achieved using specific siRNA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in human liver SK-HEP-1 cells. Concurrently, insulin signalling and subsequent insulin action were impaired and levels of gluconeogenic enzymes were increased by lon protein deficiency. Moreover, the activity of mitogen-activated protein kinases and transcription factors related to hepatic gluconeogenesis were elevated in LON (also known as LONP1) siRNA-transfected cells via increased intracellular reactive oxygen species production. Overproduction of lon protease restored mitochondrial function and also diminished the insulin resistance induced by treatment with cholesterol and palmitate. In addition, levels of lon protease decreased dramatically in livers of diabetic db/db mice compared with their lean mice counterparts. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Here we have demonstrated that reduction of lon protease induced hepatic insulin resistance by lowering mitochondrial function. This is the first study to report that defects in mitochondrial protein quality control could cause insulin resistance and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, 643 Yeonje-ri, Gangoe-myeon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-951, South Korea
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Hwang YH, Song IB, Lee HK, Kim TW, Kim MS, Lim JH, Park BK, Yun HI. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of cefquinome in rabbits following intravenous and intramuscular administration. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34:618-20. [PMID: 21615754 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01289.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y H Hwang
- Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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34
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Tan NM, Liu J, Wong DK, Yin F, Lim JH, Wong TY. Mixture model-based approach for optic cup segmentation. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2011; 2010:4817-20. [PMID: 21097297 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2010.5627901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness with permanent damage to optic nerve head. ARGALI is an automated computer-aided diagnosis system designed for glaucoma detection via optic cup-to-disc ratio assessment. It employs several methods to determine the optic cup and disc from retinal images.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Tan
- Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR, Singapore.
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Park CW, Lim JH, Youn DY, Chung S, Lim MH, Kim YK, Chang YS, Lee JH. Renal dysfunction and barttin expression in Bartter syndrome Type IV associated with a G47R mutation in BSND in a family. Clin Nephrol 2011; 75 Suppl 1:69-74. [PMID: 21269598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bartter syndrome (BS) Type IV, associated with a G47R mutation in the BSND gene, is known to result in a mild renal phenotype. However, we report here on three brothers with varying degrees of renal dysfunction from mild to end-stage renal disease associated with renal barttin and ClC-K expression. The brothers had histories of polyhydramnios, prematurity, polyuria, deafness, and small body size. Laboratory findings showed hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, normotensive hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism, and an increased urinary excretion of sodium, potassium and chloride, consistent with BS Type IV. Microscopic examination of renal tissue showed hyperplasia of cells at the juxtaglomerular apparatus with dilated atrophic tubules and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. A weak barttin signal related to CIC-K expression in the cytoplasm of tubule cells, but not the basement membrane, was noted. A sequence analysis of the BSND gene showed that the affected males were homozygous for a missense G47R mutation in exon 1 of BSND. These findings suggest that the G47R mutation results in a dramatic decrease in barttin expression, which appears to be related to the location of CIC-K being changed from the basement membrane to the cytoplasm in the tubule and might have varying effects on renal function associated with factors other than this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Park
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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36
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Lim JH, Bae EH, Park SH, Lee KJ, M SR, Kwon EY, Lee YJ, Jung YT. Development of a real time RT-PCR with SYBR Green dye for the detection of several viruses from the bulbs and leaves of lily. Acta Virol 2010; 54:319-21. [PMID: 21175260 DOI: 10.4149/av_2010_04_319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
A stochastic model is proposed to simulate the growth of anchorage dependent cells on a flat surface. The model, based on representing the cell shapes on the surface as external irregular polygons with the nuclei distributed as a set of Poisson points (producing a modified Voronoi tessellation of 2 space) and incorporating a distribution function to describe cell division of the perimeter cells of the colony, provides data not only on population dynamics but also on the patterns produced by clusters of cells in the colony. These patterns produced by the model are qualitatively similar to observations reported for some cell cultures. The periods of induction, rapid growth, and decreasing growth asymptoting to zero as confluence is reached are predicted by the model. Quantitative comparison with published experimental data for this is good. The specific growth rate computed for the period of rapid growth predicted by the model is dependent on the distribution function describing the cell division time. As the standard deviation of this increases, the specific growth rate decreases as with a consequent increase in time to achieve confluence. The removal of cells from the colony by shear forces or death is considered in the model. As the probability for removal increases, the cell density at confluence and specific growth rate decrease. The clusters of cells, patterns, in the colony are very sensitive to cell removal. By analyzing these patterns in experiments, an estimate of cell removal can be made. The areas covered by cells on a substrate are fractal patterns. The fractal dimension is always greater than 1 and is a function of the removal probability.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, U.M.I.S.T., Manchester, England
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38
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Tan NM, Liu J, Wong DK, Lim JH, Zhang Z, Lu S, Li H, Saw SM, Tong L, Wong TY. Automatic detection of pathological myopia using variational level set. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2010; 2009:3609-12. [PMID: 19964081 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2009.5333517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pathological myopia, the seventh leading cause of legal blindness in United States, is a condition caused by pathological axial elongation and eyes that deviates from the normal distribution curve of axial length, resulting in impaired vision. Studies have shown that ocular risks associated with myopia should not be underestimated, and there is a public health need to prevent the onset or progression of myopia. Peripapillary atrophy (PPA) is one of the clinical indicators for pathological myopia. In this paper, we introduce a novel method, to detect pathological myopia via peripapaillary atrophy feature by means of variational level set. This method is a core algorithm of our system, PAMELA, an automated system for the detection of pathological myopia. The proposed method has been tested on 40 images from Singapore Cohort study Of the Risk factors for Myopia (SCORM), producing a 95% accuracy of correct assessment, and a sensitivity and specificity of 0.9 and 1 respectively. The results highlight the potential of PAMELA as a possible clinical tool for objective mass screening of pathological myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Tan
- Institute for Infocomm Research, A STAR, Singapore.
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39
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Wong DWK, Liu J, Lim JH, Tan NM, Zhang Z, Lu S, Li H, Teo MH, Chan KL, Wong TY. Intelligent fusion of cup-to-disc ratio determination methods for glaucoma detection in ARGALI. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2010; 2009:5777-80. [PMID: 19963657 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2009.5332534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of permanent blindness. ARGALI, an automated system for glaucoma detection, employs several methods for segmenting the optic cup and disc from retinal images, combined using a fusion network, to determine the cup to disc ratio (CDR), an important clinical indicator of glaucoma. This paper discusses the use of SVM as an alternative fusion strategy in ARGALI, and evaluates its performance against the component methods and neural network (NN) fusion in the CDR calculation. The results show SVM and NN provide similar improvements over the component methods, but with SVM having a greater consistency over the NN, suggesting potential for SVM as a viable option in ARGALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W K Wong
- Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR, Singapore.
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40
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Chung HJ, Park CJ, Lim JH, Jang S, Chi HS, Im HJ, Seo JJ. Establishment of a reference interval for natural killer cell activity through flow cytometry and its clinical application in the diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Int J Lab Hematol 2009; 32:239-47. [PMID: 19614711 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-553x.2009.01177.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the Histiocyte Society revised the diagnostic criteria for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) to include low or absent natural killer (NK) cell activity, according to local laboratory reference. The aim of this study was to establish reference interval for functional NK-cell activity in 63 healthy Korean individuals using a flow-cytometric assay. We used peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as effector cells and Fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled K562 cells as target cells. NK-cell activity was calculated using the following equation: NK-cell activity (%) = (test lysis - spontaneous lysis) x 100/(maximum lysis - spontaneous lysis). NK-cell activity was analyzed in 13 known HLH patients and 16 suspected non-HLH patients using a flow-cytometric assay. The mean (+/-SD) cytotoxicity of PBMCs from healthy individuals was 20.9 +/- 5.3% and the reference interval was 11.8-31.9%. The mean NK-cell activity of HLH patients (8.3 +/- 8.9%) was significantly lower (P = 0.001) than that of non-HLH patients (20.1 +/- 7.8%). The sequential changes in NK-cell activity in the HLH group corresponded to clinical and laboratory findings following treatment. We successfully developed a functional NK-cell activity test for use in the clinical laboratory and obtained a reference interval of NK-cell activity from healthy donors. This assay, and associated reference interval, was used to analyze 30 clinically relevant specimens and the results were shown to be well correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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41
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Xiong W, Lim JH, Ong SH, Tung NN, Liu J, Racoceanu D, Tan K, Chong A, Foong K. Automatic working area classification in peripheral blood smears without cell central zone extraction. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2009; 2008:4074-7. [PMID: 19163607 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2008.4650104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we study automatic classification of working areas in peripheral blood smears using image analysis and recognition methods. Such automatic classification can provide objective and reproducible quality control for the evaluation of smears and smear maker devices. However, research in this filed has drawn little attention. Existing methods either can not differentiate correctly different cell distributions or rely on the extraction of the central pallor zones in cells for counting, which are not always observable. In contrast, we do not rely on the pallor zone extraction thus on more general basis. We introduce two generic parameters to measure the goodness of working areas, one for the degree of overlap, and the other for the spatial occupancy. We also propose a cascading classification network for the classification of different areas. The effectiveness of our method has been tested on over 150 labeled images acquired from three malaria-infected Giemsa-stained blood smears using an oil immersion 100 x objective.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Xiong
- Institute for Infocomm Research, A-STAR, Singapore. wxiong@ I2R.a-star.edu.sg
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42
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Wong DK, Liu J, Lim JH, Jia X, Yin F, Li H, Wong TY. Level-set based automatic cup-to-disc ratio determination using retinal fundus images in ARGALI. 2008 30TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY 2008; 2008:2266-9. [PMID: 19163151 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2008.4649648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D K Wong
- Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
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43
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Kim HS, Park H, Lim JH, Choi SH, Park C, Lee SI, Conklin JL. Morphometric evaluation of oesophageal wall in patients with nutcracker oesophagus and ineffective oesophageal motility. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2008; 20:869-76. [PMID: 18452508 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2008.01128.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of nutcracker oesophagus (NE) and ineffective oesophageal motility (IEM) is unclear. Damage to the enteric nervous system or smooth muscle can cause oesophageal dysmotility. We tested the hypothesis that NE and IEM are associated with abnormal muscular or neural constituents of the oesophageal wall. Oesophageal manometry was performed in patients prior to total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. The oesophageal manometries were categorized as normal (n = 7), NE (n = 13), or IEM (n = 5). Histologic examination of oesophageal tissue obtained during surgery was performed after haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and trichrome staining. Oesophageal innervation was examined after immunostaining for protein gene product-9.5 (PGP-9.5), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). There were no significant differences in inner circular smooth muscle thickness or degree of fibrosis among the three groups. Severe muscle fibre loss was found in four of five patients with IEM. The density of PGP-9.5-reactive neural structures was not different among the three groups. The density of ChAT immunostaining in the myenteric plexus (MP) was significantly greater in patients with NE (P < 0.05) and the density of nNOS immunostaining in the circular muscle (CM) was significantly greater in IEM patients (P < 0.05). The ChAT/nNOS ratio in both MP and CM was significantly greater in NE patients. NE may result from an imbalance between the excitatory and inhibitory innervation of the oesophagus, because more than normal numbers of ChAT-positive myenteric neurones are seen in NE. Myopathy and/or increased number of nNOS neurones may contribute to the hypocontractile motor activity of IEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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44
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Kwon S, Kang DM, Kim SY, Sa KJ, Lee CG, Lim JH, Jee YK, Ha MN, Hong SJ, Hong YC, Kwon HJ, Oh SY. Dietary factors in relation to atopic dermatitis among urban school‐aged children in Korea. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.876.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung‐Ok Kwon
- Food and NutritionKyunghee Univ.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - DM Kang
- Pusan Nat'l Univ.PusanRepublic of Korea
| | - SY Kim
- Cheju Nat'l Univ.ChejuRepublic of Korea
| | - KJ Sa
- Yeungnam Univ.GyeongsanRepublic of Korea
| | - CG Lee
- Chosun Univ.GwangjuRepublic of Korea
| | - JH Lim
- Inha Univ.IncheonRepublic of Korea
| | - YK Jee
- Dankook Univ.CheonanRepublic of Korea
| | - MN Ha
- Dankook Univ.CheonanRepublic of Korea
| | - SJ Hong
- Ulsan Univ.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - YC Hong
- Seoul Nat'l Univ.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - HJ Kwon
- Dankook Univ.CheonanRepublic of Korea
| | - SY Oh
- Food and NutritionKyunghee Univ.SeoulRepublic of Korea
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Jeong EY, Lim JH, Kim HG, Lee HS. Acaricidal activity of Thymus vulgaris oil and its main components against Tyrophagus putrescentiae, a stored food mite. J Food Prot 2008; 71:351-5. [PMID: 18326186 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-71.2.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The acaricidal activities of compounds derived from Thymus vulgaris (thyme) oil against Tyrophagus putrescentiae were assessed using an impregnated fabric disk bioassay, and were compared with those of the synthetic acaricides, benzyl benzoate and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide. The observed responses differed according to dosage and chemical components. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) value of the T. vulgaris oil against T. putrescentiae was 10.2 microg/cm2. Biologically active constituents derived from T. vulgaris oil were purified by using silica gel chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. The structures of acaricidal components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C NMR, 1H-13C COSY-NMR, and DEPT-NMR spectra, and were subsequently identified as carvacrol and thymol. Carvacrol was the most toxic compound with LD50 values (4.5 microg/cm2) significantly different from thymol (11.1 microg/cm2), benzyl benzoate (11.3 microg/cm2), and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (13.9 microg/cm2). Linalool was as toxic as was N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide. The lower LD50 of carvacrol indicates that it may be the major contributor of the toxicity of T. vulagaris oil against the stored food mite, although it only constitutes 14.2% of the oil. From this point of view, carvacrol and thymol can be very useful as potential control agents against stored food mite.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Y Jeong
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Center for Agricultural Science & Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561-756, South Korea
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Lim JH, Park JW, Min DS, Chang JS, Lee YH, Park YB, Choi KS, Kwon TK. NAG-1 up-regulation mediated by EGR-1 and p53 is critical for quercetin-induced apoptosis in HCT116 colon carcinoma cells. Apoptosis 2007; 12:411-21. [PMID: 17191121 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-006-0576-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin, a flavonoid molecule ubiquitously present in nature, has multiple effects on cancer cells, including the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration. However, the responsible molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. We found that quercetin induces the expression of NAG-1 (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug activated gene-1), a TGF-beta superfamily protein, during quercetin-induced apoptosis of HCT116 human colon carcinoma cells. Reporter assays using the luciferase constructs containing NAG-1 promoter region demonstrate that early growth response-1 (EGR-1) and p53 are required for quercetin-mediated activation of the NAG-1 promoter. Overexpression of NAG-1 enhanced the apoptotic effect of quercetin, but suppression of quercetin-induced NAG-1 expression by NAG-1 siRNA attenuated quercetin-induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells. Taken together, the present study demonstrates for the first time that quercetin induces apoptosis via NAG-1, providing a mechanistic basis for the apoptotic effect of quercetin in colon carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 194 DongSan-Dong, Taegu, 700-712, Korea
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Kim SH, Cho JM, Kim SI, Nam TW, Lim JH. A diagnosis system for the spinal column nerve damaged patients. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2007; 2005:6733-4. [PMID: 17281818 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1616049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Visible evidence of spinal column damage is only apparent in 14% of the patients who receive spinal damage. We use a humidity sensor array. The humidity sensor (HDP-05) is arranged and attached to pre-assigned regions along the spinal column nerve of the actual patient. Applying pressure to the urinary bladder causes the patient to sweat. It is possible to determine which spinal column autonomic nerve is damaged in a region by humidity value. But also have some problem is that sometimes the damaged region has same value as a normal region. If will find a better attachment method and a more sensitive sensor could be found the results will be better and more precise.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Kimhae, 621-749 Korea
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48
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Chiu SSH, Lim JH, Lee WJ, Chang KT, Oh DK, Lee KT, Lee JK, Choi SH. Intraductal papillary mucinous tumour of the pancreas: differentiation of malignancy and benignancy by CT. Clin Radiol 2006; 61:776-83. [PMID: 16905386 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2006.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2006] [Revised: 04/07/2006] [Accepted: 04/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To retrospectively identify signs predictive of malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumour (IPMT) of the pancreas on computed tomography (CT) images. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-four benign and 21 malignant pancreatic IPMTs were evaluated. Preoperative helical CT images in these 55 cases of pathologically proven pancreatic IPMT were reviewed by two radiologists unaware of the histological grading. Tumour morphological types, locations, numbers and sizes of cystic lesions, maximum main pancreatic duct diameters, the presence of septa, mural nodule, wall thickening, and calcification in cysts, communication with the main pancreatic duct, peripancreatic haziness, protrusion of duodenal papilla, pancreatic atrophy, lymphadenopathy and distant metastasis were analysed using univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS Main duct IPMTs were more likely to be malignant (71%) than branch duct (23%) or combined type IPMTs (28%; p=0.002). Among the branch duct type and combined types, large cystic lesion (p=0.018), the presence of a mural nodule (p=0.018), a thickened wall (p=0.009), and peripancreatic haziness (p=0.039) were found to predict malignancy. CONCLUSION CT is helpful in the preoperative differentiation of malignant and benign pancreatic IPMT. The presence of a dilated main pancreatic duct, mural nodules, thickened wall and peripancreatic haziness may be used as independent predictive signs of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S-h Chiu
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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49
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Lee KS, Lim JH, Kang YK, Yoo KH, Kim DC, Shin KJ, Kim DJ. Synthesis and antibacterial activities of new 1β-methylcarbapenems having aminopyrimidinylthioether moiety. Eur J Med Chem 2006; 41:1347-51. [PMID: 16973246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2006.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of new 1beta-methylcarbapenems 1a-d bearing aminopyrimidinylthioether moiety at C-5 position of pyrrolidine ring and their antibacterial activities are described. All the compounds exhibited potent antibacterial activity. Of these carbapenems, 1d showed the best combination of antibacterial activity and stability to dehydropeptidase-I (DHP-I).
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Lee
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
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50
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Kim HG, Cho JH, Jeong EY, Lim JH, Lee SH, Lee HS. Growth-inhibiting activity of active component isolated from Terminalia chebula fruits against intestinal bacteria. J Food Prot 2006; 69:2205-9. [PMID: 16995525 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-69.9.2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The growth-inhibitory activity of materials derived from the fruit of Terminalia chebula was evaluated against six intestinal bacteria by means of an impregnated paper disk agar diffusion method. The butanol fraction of T. chebula extract had profound growth-inhibitory activity at a concentration of 5 mg per disk. The biologically active component isolated from the T. chebula fruits was identified with a variety of spectroscopic analyses as ethanedioic acid. The growth responses varied in accordance with the bacterial strain, chemical, and dosage tested. In a test with concentrations of 2 and 1 mg per disk, ethanedioic acid had strong and moderate inhibitory activity against Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli, respectively, with no associated adverse effects on the growth of the four tested lactic acid-producing bacteria. Ellagic acid derived from T. chebula fruits exerted a potent inhibitory effect against C. perfringens and E. coli, but little or no inhibition was observed with treatments of behenic acid, P-caryophyllene, eugenol, isoquercitrin, oleic acid, ca-phellandrene, 3-sitosterol, stearic acid, a-terpinene, terpinen-4-ol, terpinolene, or triacontanoic acid. These results may be an indication of at least one of the pharmacological properties of T. chebula fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Kim
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Center for Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561-756, Korea
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