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Wang PJ, Wang DH, Gao Y, Shou YR, Liu JB, Mei ZS, Cao ZX, Pan Z, Kong DF, Xu SR, Liu ZP, Chen SY, Zhao JR, Geng YX, Zhao YY, Yan XQ, Ma WJ. A versatile control program for positioning and shooting targets in laser-plasma experiments. Rev Sci Instrum 2023; 94:093303. [PMID: 37772947 DOI: 10.1063/5.0158103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a LabVIEW-based control program that significantly improves the efficiency and flexibility in positioning and shooting solid targets in laser-plasma experiments. The hardware driven by this program incorporates a target positioning subsystem and an imaging subsystem, which enables us to install up to 400 targets for one experimental campaign and precisely adjust them in six freedom degrees. The overall architecture and the working modes of the control program are demonstrated in detail. In addition, we characterized the distributions of target positions of every target holder and simultaneously saved the target images, resulting in a large dataset that can be used to train machine learning models and develop image recognition algorithms. This versatile control system has become an indispensable platform when preparing and conducting laser-plasma experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - D H Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Laser Interaction with Matter, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an 710024, China
| | - Y Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Y R Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - J B Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z S Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z X Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - D F Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - S R Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z P Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - S Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - J R Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Y X Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Y Y Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Q Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Laser Acceleration Innovation Center, Huairou, Beijing 101400, China
- Institute of Guangdong Laser Plasma Technology, Baiyun, Guangzhou 510540, China
| | - W J Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Laser Acceleration Innovation Center, Huairou, Beijing 101400, China
- Institute of Guangdong Laser Plasma Technology, Baiyun, Guangzhou 510540, China
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2
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Wang SH, Hu SY, Li M, Liu M, Sun H, Zhao JR, Chen WT, Yuan ML. Comparative Mitogenomic Analyses of Darkling Beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Provide Evolutionary Insights into tRNA-like Sequences. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1738. [PMID: 37761878 PMCID: PMC10530909 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tenebrionidae is widely recognized owing to its species diversity and economic importance. Here, we determined the mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of three Tenebrionidae species (Melanesthes exilidentata, Anatolica potanini, and Myladina unguiculina) and performed a comparative mitogenomic analysis to characterize the evolutionary characteristics of the family. The tenebrionid mitogenomes were highly conserved with respect to genome size, gene arrangement, base composition, and codon usage. All protein-coding genes evolved under purifying selection. The largest non-coding region (i.e., control region) showed several unusual features, including several conserved repetitive fragments (e.g., A+T-rich regions, G+C-rich regions, Poly-T tracts, TATA repeat units, and longer repetitive fragments) and tRNA-like structures. These tRNA-like structures can bind to the appropriate anticodon to form a cloverleaf structure, although base-pairing is not complete. We summarized the quantity, types, and conservation of tRNA-like sequences and performed functional and evolutionary analyses of tRNA-like sequences with various anticodons. Phylogenetic analyses based on three mitogenomic datasets and two tree inference methods largely supported the monophyly of each of the three subfamilies (Stenochiinae, Pimeliinae, and Lagriinae), whereas both Tenebrioninae and Diaperinae were consistently recovered as polyphyletic. We obtained a tenebrionid mitogenomic phylogeny: (Lagriinae, (Pimeliinae, ((Tenebrioninae + Diaperinae), Stenochiinae))). Our results provide insights into the evolution and function of tRNA-like sequences in tenebrionid mitogenomes and contribute to our general understanding of the evolution of Tenebrionidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (S.-H.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (H.S.); (J.-R.Z.); (W.-T.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Shi-Yun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (S.-H.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (H.S.); (J.-R.Z.); (W.-T.C.)
- College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Grassland Science Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (S.-H.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (H.S.); (J.-R.Z.); (W.-T.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (S.-H.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (H.S.); (J.-R.Z.); (W.-T.C.)
- College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Grassland Science Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Hao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (S.-H.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (H.S.); (J.-R.Z.); (W.-T.C.)
- College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Grassland Science Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Jia-Rui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (S.-H.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (H.S.); (J.-R.Z.); (W.-T.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Wen-Ting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (S.-H.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (H.S.); (J.-R.Z.); (W.-T.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Ming-Long Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; (S.-H.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (H.S.); (J.-R.Z.); (W.-T.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Grassland Science Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
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3
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Zhao JR, Hu SY, Zhang LJ, Zhang L, Yang XZ, Yuan ML. Differential gene expression patterns between the head and thorax of Gynaephora aureata are associated with high-altitude adaptation. Front Genet 2023; 14:1137618. [PMID: 37144120 PMCID: PMC10151491 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1137618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Grassland caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Gynaephora) are important pests in alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). These pests have morphological, behavioral, and genetic adaptations for survival in high-altitude environments. However, mechanisms underlying high-altitude adaptation in QTP Gynaephora species remain largely unknown. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of the head and thorax transcriptomes of G. aureata to explore the genetic basis of high-altitude adaptation. We detected 8,736 significantly differentially expressed genes (sDEGs) between the head and thorax, including genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, epidermal proteins, and detoxification. These sDEGs were significantly enriched in 312 Gene Ontology terms and 16 KEGG pathways. We identified 73 pigment-associated genes, including 8 rhodopsin-associated genes, 19 ommochrome-associated genes, 1 pteridine-associated gene, 37 melanin-associated genes, and 12 heme-associated genes. These pigment-associated genes were related to the formation of the red head and black thorax of G. aureata. A key gene, yellow-h, in the melanin pathway was significantly upregulated in the thorax, suggesting that it is related to the formation of the black body and contributed to the adaptation of G. aureata to low temperatures and high ultraviolet radiation in the QTP. Another key gene, cardinal, in the ommochrome pathway was significantly upregulated in the head and may be related to red warning color formation. We also identified 107 olfactory-related genes in G. aureata, including genes encoding 29 odorant-binding proteins, 16 chemosensory proteins, 22 odorant receptor proteins, 14 ionotropic receptors, 12 gustatory receptors, 12 odorant degrading enzymes, and 2 sensory neuron membrane proteins. Diversification of olfactory-related genes may be associated with the feeding habits of G. aureata, including larvae dispersal and searching for plant resources available in the QTP. These results provide new insights into high-altitude adaptation of Gynaephora in the QTP and may contribute to the development of new control strategies for these pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, China
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shi-Yun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, China
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, China
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, China
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xing-Zhuo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, China
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ming-Long Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, China
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ming-Long Yuan,
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Cui YZ, Qu SY, Chang LL, Zhao JR, Mu L, Sun B, Li HL, Zhang TS, Wang GY, Kong QF. Enhancement of T Follicular Helper Cell-Mediated Humoral Immunity Reponses During Development of Experimental Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis. Neurosci Bull 2019; 35:507-518. [PMID: 30796753 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-019-00344-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a prototypical antibody-mediated neurological autoimmune disease with the involvement of humoral immune responses in its pathogenesis. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells have been implicated in many autoimmune diseases. However, whether and how Tfh cells are involved in MG remain unclear. Here, we established and studied a widely-used and approved animal model of human MG, the rat model with acetylcholine receptor alpha (AChRα) subunit (R-AChR97-116)-induced experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG). This model presented mild body-weight loss 10 days after the first immunization (representing the early stage of disease) and more obvious clinical manifestations and body-weight loss 7 days after the second immunization (representing the late stage of disease). AChR-specific pre-Tfh cells and mature Tfh cells were detected in these two stages, respectively. In co-cultures of Tfh cells and B cells, the number of IgG2b-secreting B cells and the level of anti-AChR antibodies in the supernatant were higher in the cultures containing EAMG-derived Tfh cells. In immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays, a substantial number of CD4+/Bcl-6+ T cells and a greater number of larger germinal centers were observed in lymph node tissues resected from EAMG rats. Based on these results, we hypothesize that an AChR-specific Tfh cell-mediated humoral immune response contributes to the development of EAMG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Zhe Cui
- Department of Neurobiology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Si-Ying Qu
- Department of Neurobiology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lu-Lu Chang
- Department of Neurobiology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jia-Rui Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lili Mu
- Department of Neurobiology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Neurobiology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hu-Lun Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Tong-Shuai Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Guang-You Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Qing-Fei Kong
- Department of Neurobiology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Feng Q, Zhao JR, Zhang AX, Li SL. [Efficacy of lobaplatin plus S-1 and the predictive value of circulating tumor cell in patients with advanced gastric cancer]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2018; 40:696-702. [PMID: 30293397 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of lobaplatin (LBP) plus S-1 for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) and determine the potential role of circulating tumor cells (CTC) for predicting the therapeutic response and prognosis. Methods: From January 2014 to February 2015, 64 consecutive patients with AGC received lobaplatin plus S-1 chemotherapy in Liaocheng People's Hospital. The clinical features, clinical response, adverse effects, prognosis and CTC pre- and post-treatment were retrospectively analyzed. The correlation between CTC and patients' disease control rate (DCR), objective response rate (ORR), progression free survival (PFS) as well as overall survival (OS) were investigated. Results: All 64 patients completed 2 cycles of chemotherapy.The number of patients who achieved complete regression, partial regression, stable and progression were 0, 24 (37.5%), 18 (28.1%) and 22 (34.4%), respectively. ORR was 37.5% and DCR was 65.6%. The median PFS was 10.8 months(95%CI 7.1-12.0) and the median OS was 16.1 months(95%CI 12.4-18.8). The ORR and PFS were not significantly different between patients with baseline CTC≥2 and CTC<2 (25.0% vs 53.6%, P=0.150; 6.2 months vs 7.5 months, P=0.780), while the DCR and OS were significantly different (45.9% vs 90.0%, P=0.008; 10.5 months vs 17.2 months, P<0.001). After 2 cycles of chemotherapy, the ORR and DCR in patients with CTC≥2 were 16.7% and 45.9%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those observed in patients with CTC<2 (50.0% and 90.0%, respectively). The former also had shorter median PFS and OS (6.6 months vs 8.9 months, 8.4 months vs 15.0 months, respectively). Patients with persistently CTC<2 or those exhibiting an conversion to CTC<2 following chemotherapy had an improved PFS and OS, while patients with persistently CTC≥2 or those exhibiting an conversion to CTC≥2 following therapy had shorter PFS and OS.The most frequent adverse effects were grade 1 or 2 gastrointestinal discomfort and myelosuppression. No patients discontinued chemotherapy because of adverse events. Conclusions: Lobaplatin plus S-1 had manageable safety profile and promising antitumor activity in patients with AGC. CTC could be used as a biomarker in evaluating therapeutic response and predicting their prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - J R Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - A X Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - S L Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, China
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6
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Zhao JR, Wang JY, Li SL. [Helicobacter pylori and hepatic encephalopathy]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2018; 26:553-556. [PMID: 30317783 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is caused by severe liver disease or portal shunt. Metabolic disorders and central nervous system dysfunctions are the main symptoms of this syndrome. Ammonia is considered to play a central role in the pathogenesis of HE. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) have been suggested as a possible source of ammonia production because of its high urease content. However, the relationship between H.pylori and blood ammonia and HE, as well as the therapeutic effect of H.pylori eradication on HE, is inconclusive, and the results are full of contradictions. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge on the association of H. pylori with HE and to address the question of whether H. pylori eradication may be beneficial in the management of HE.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, China
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Zhang YJ, Zhao JR, Zhang XY, Chen GZ, Zhou MY, Mo XH, He HL, Chen S. Euzebyella marina sp. nov., isolated from seawater. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:920-924. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jiao Zhang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Jia-Rui Zhao
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Xi-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Guo-Zhong Chen
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Ming-Yang Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353, PR China
| | - Xu-Hua Mo
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Hai-Lun He
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Shiyong Chen
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
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Huang K, Li YF, Li DZ, Chen LM, Tao MZ, Ma Y, Zhao JR, Li MH, Chen M, Mirzaie M, Hafz N, Sokollik T, Sheng ZM, Zhang J. Resonantly Enhanced Betatron Hard X-rays from Ionization Injected Electrons in a Laser Plasma Accelerator. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27633. [PMID: 27273170 PMCID: PMC4917722 DOI: 10.1038/srep27633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrafast betatron x-ray emission from electron oscillations in laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) has been widely investigated as a promising source. Betatron x-rays are usually produced via self-injected electron beams, which are not controllable and are not optimized for x-ray yields. Here, we present a new method for bright hard x-ray emission via ionization injection from the K-shell electrons of nitrogen into the accelerating bucket. A total photon yield of 8 × 10(8)/shot and 10(8 )photons with energy greater than 110 keV is obtained. The yield is 10 times higher than that achieved with self-injection mode in helium under similar laser parameters. The simulation suggests that ionization-injected electrons are quickly accelerated to the driving laser region and are subsequently driven into betatron resonance. The present scheme enables the single-stage betatron radiation from LWFA to be extended to bright γ-ray radiation, which is beyond the capability of 3(rd) generation synchrotrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Y F Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - D Z Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS, Beijing 100049, China
| | - L M Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - M Z Tao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Y Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - J R Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - M H Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - M Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - M Mirzaie
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - N Hafz
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - T Sokollik
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Z M Sheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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9
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Zhao JR, Zhang XP, Yuan DW, Li YT, Li DZ, Rhee YJ, Zhang Z, Li F, Zhu BJ, Li YF, Han B, Liu C, Ma Y, Li YF, Tao MZ, Li MH, Guo X, Huang XG, Fu SZ, Zhu JQ, Zhao G, Chen LM, Fu CB, Zhang J. A novel laser-collider used to produce monoenergetic 13.3 MeV (7)Li (d, n) neutrons. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27363. [PMID: 27250660 PMCID: PMC4889997 DOI: 10.1038/srep27363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutron energy is directly correlated with the energy of the incident ions in experiments involving laser-driven nuclear reactions. Using high-energy incident ions reduces the energy concentration of the generated neutrons. A novel "laser-collider" method was used at the Shenguang II laser facility to produce monoenergetic neutrons via (7)Li (d, n) nuclear reactions. The specially designed K-shaped target significantly increased the numbers of incident d and Li ions at the keV level. Ultimately, 13.3 MeV neutrons were obtained. Considering the time resolution of the neutron detector, we demonstrated that the produced neutrons were monoenergetic. Interferometry and a Multi hydro-dynamics simulation confirmed the monoenergetic nature of these neutrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Zhao
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - D W Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Y T Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - D Z Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y J Rhee
- CoReLS, Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju 61005, Korea.,NDC, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 34057, Korea
| | - Z Zhang
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - F Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - B J Zhu
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yan F Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - B Han
- Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012, China
| | - C Liu
- Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Y Ma
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yi F Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - M Z Tao
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - M H Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X Guo
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X G Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S Z Fu
- Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - J Q Zhu
- National Laboratory on High Power Lasers and Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - G Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012, China
| | - L M Chen
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China.,Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - C B Fu
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - J Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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10
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Zhao JR, Zhang XP, Yuan DW, Chen LM, Li YT, Fu CB, Rhee YJ, Li F, Zhu BJ, Li YF, Liao GQ, Zhang K, Han B, Liu C, Huang K, Ma Y, Li YF, Xiong J, Huang XG, Fu SZ, Zhu JQ, Zhao G, Zhang J. Neutron yield enhancement in laser-induced deuterium-deuterium fusion using a novel shaped target. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:063505. [PMID: 26133837 DOI: 10.1063/1.4922912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Neutron yields have direct correlation with the energy of incident deuterons in experiments of laser deuterated target interaction [Roth et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 044802 (2013) and Higginson et al., Phys. Plasmas 18, 100703 (2011)], while deuterated plasma density is also an important parameter. Experiments at the Shenguang II laser facility have produced neutrons with energy of 2.45 MeV using d (d, n) He reaction. Deuterated foil target and K-shaped target were employed to study the influence of plasma density on neutron yields. Neutron yield generated by K-shaped target (nearly 10(6)) was two times higher than by foil target because the K-shaped target results in higher density plasma. Interferometry and multi hydro-dynamics simulation confirmed the importance of plasma density for enhancement of neutron yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Zhao
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (INPAC), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - D W Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012, China
| | - L M Chen
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Y T Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - C B Fu
- Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (INPAC), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Y J Rhee
- Nuclear Data Center, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institution, Daejon 305353, Korea
| | - F Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - B J Zhu
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yan F Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - G Q Liao
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - K Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012, China
| | - B Han
- Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012, China
| | - C Liu
- Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - K Huang
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Y Ma
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yi F Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - J Xiong
- Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X G Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S Z Fu
- Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - J Q Zhu
- National Laboratory on High Power Lasers and Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - G Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012, China
| | - J Zhang
- Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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11
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Huang K, Li MH, Yan WC, Guo X, Li DZ, Chen YP, Ma Y, Zhao JR, Li YF, Zhang J, Chen LM. Intense high repetition rate Mo Kα x-ray source generated from laser solid interaction for imaging application. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:113304. [PMID: 25430107 DOI: 10.1063/1.4901519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report an efficient Mo Kα x-ray source produced by interaction of femtosecond Ti: sapphire laser pulses with a solid Molybdenum target working at 1 kHz repetition rate. The generated Mo Kα x-ray intensity reaches to 4.7 × 10(10) photons sr(-1) s(-1), corresponding to an average power of 0.8 mW into 2π solid angle. The spatial resolution of this x-ray source is measured to be 26 lp/mm. With the high flux and high spatial resolution characteristics, high resolving in-line x-ray radiography was realized on test objects and large size biological samples within merely half a minute. This experiment shows the possibility of laser plasma hard x-ray source as a new low cost and high resolution system for radiography and its ability of ultrafast x-ray pump-probe study of matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - M H Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - W C Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - D Z Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y P Chen
- Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Y Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - J R Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Y F Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - L M Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
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12
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Li DZ, Yan WC, Chen LM, Huang K, Ma Y, Zhao JR, Zhang L, Hafz N, Wang WM, Ma JL, Li YT, Wei ZY, Gao J, Sheng ZM, Zhang J. Generation of quasi-monoenergetic electron beams with small normalized divergences angle from a 2 TW laser facility. Opt Express 2014; 22:12836-12844. [PMID: 24921480 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.012836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the generation of a 6 pC, 23 MeV electron bunch with the energy spread ± 3.5% by using 2 TW, 80 fs high contrast laser pulses interacting with helium gas targets. Within the optimized experimental condition, we obtained quasi-monoenergetic electron beam with an ultra-small normalized divergence angle of 92 mrad, which is at least 5 times smaller than the previous LPA-produced bunches. We suggest the significant decrease of the normalized divergence angles is due to smooth transfer from SM-LWFA to LWFA. Since the beam size in LPA is typically small, this observation may explore a simple way to generate ultralow normalized emittance electron bunches by using small-power but high-repetition-rate laser facilities.
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13
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Yu L, Zhao JR, Xu SG, Su Y, Gao D, Srzednicki G. First Report of Gray Mold on Amorphophallus muelleri Caused by Botrytis cinerea in China. Plant Dis 2014; 98:692. [PMID: 30708513 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-13-0855-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Amorphophallus muelleri is a perennial tuberous plant in the family Araceae. The name konjac is commonly used for the species of genus Amorphophallus that produce a polysaccharide, glucomannan. The latter, called konjac glucomannan, is extracted from the tubers of these species. Glucomannan is an excellent gelling agent used in food, pharmaceutical and chemical industry, a specialty crop grown as a source of glucomannan for industrial use. It is an important cash crop and thus contributes to poverty alleviation in southwest China. Its planting area is about 150 million mu (10 million ha). In July 2012, symptoms of an unknown blight were observed on 5 to 10% of A. muelleri flowers and seeds being grown for commercial seed production. Greenhouses temperatures ranged from 20 to 34°C (avg. 26°C). A light grey mycelium was observed on symptomatic tissues, especially flowers. Severely infected flowers and stems eventually rotted, then dried out. Diseased tissue was excised from affected flowers and surfaces and disinfected with 1% sodium hypochlorite, followed by 70% alcohol. The tissue was then rinsed in sterile distilled water, plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA), and incubated at 26°C. Mycelial growth on PDA was initially whitish and turned gray with age. Dark appearing conidiophores bore botryose heads of hyaline, ellipsoid, unicellular conidia, grey in mass, measuring 7.2 (6.2 to 9.5) × 5.3 (4.5 to 6.0) μm. Black, irregular sclerotia formed at random in the culture. These morphological features were typical of those described for Botrytis cinerea (2). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA was amplified using primers ITS4/ITS6 and sequenced (1). BLAST analysis of a 557-bp segment had a 99% similarity with the sequence of Botryotinia fuckeliana (anamorph = B. cinerea). The representative nucleotide sequence has been assigned the GenBank Accession No. KC999986. On the basis of morphological and molecular results, the fungus isolated from diseased konjac flowers and flower tissue was confirmed to be B. cinerea. Pathogenicity tests: Inoculum was prepared from 7-day-old cultures on PDA. Six flowering A. muelleri in 1-liter pots were spray inoculated with a 1.0 × 106 conidia/ml suspension from 7-day-old PDA cultures. As a control, six healthy plants were sprayed with sterile distilled water. Each plant was covered with a transparent polyethylene bag for 3 days and maintained in a greenhouse at temperatures between 20 and 26°C. After 8 days, small, round to irregular brown spots developed on both flowers and stems, which finally blighted. Water-treated plants remained symptomless. Koch's postulates were fulfilled when the pathogen was re-isolated from the diseased organs. Blight on common calla lily (calla lily and Amorphophallus are in the same family, different genera) flower attributed to B. cinerea was previously reported in Argentina (3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of B. cinerea on A. muelleri in China. References: (1) D. E. L. Cooke and J. M. Duncan. Mycol. Res. 101:667, 1997. (2) M. B. Ellis. Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, England, 1971. (3) M. C. Rivera and S. E. Lopez. Plant Dis. 90:970, 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yu
- College of Agronomy/Urban Modern Agriculture Engineering Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - J R Zhao
- College of Agronomy/Urban Modern Agriculture Engineering Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - S G Xu
- College of Agronomy/Urban Modern Agriculture Engineering Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Y Su
- College of Agronomy/Urban Modern Agriculture Engineering Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - D Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - G Srzednicki
- Food Science & Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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14
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Yu L, Wang LF, Zhao JR, Xu SG, Gao D, Zheng JF. First Report of Botryosphaeria dothidea Causing Canker and Dieback Disease of Helwingia chinensis in China. Plant Dis 2012; 96:1821. [PMID: 30727268 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-12-0275-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Helwingia chinensis Batal is distributed in the western and southern regions of China. The aerial part of this plant has long been used to treat dysentery, hematochezia, and swelling. An outbreak of cankers and dieback was observed for the first time on H. chinensis in China during June of 2010. Disease symptoms included dieback of shoots and branches, lesions, and canker formation on the stems. In order to identify the causal agent(s) of this canker disease, samples composed of inner bark and woody tissues were collected from the junction of healthy and diseased tissues of declining trees from Kunming and Wenshan districts of China during July to October of 2010. Pieces of surface-sterilized tissue samples were plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 26°C. Fungal colonies developed copious, white, aerial mycelium that became dark green with age. Pycnidia started to develop after 20 days. Macroconidia, which were 20 to 29 × 4 to 6 μm, were hyaline, aseptate, and fusiform. No fungus was isolated from water-inoculated tissues of control plants and healthy trees. Identity was confirmed by analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) with primers ITS1 and ITS4. BLAST searches showed 99% identity with Botryosphaeria dothidea isolates from GenBank (Accession Nos. HQ660454 and FJ790846). Representative sequences of B. dothidea from H. chinensis from China have been deposited in GenBank (Accession No. JQ766122). On the basis of morphological and molecular results, the fungus isolated from diseased H. chinensis was confirmed to be B. dothidea. Pathogenicity tests were conducted by stem inoculation of 1-year-old H. chinensis seedlings. Mycelial plugs (3 to 4 mm in diameter) of B. dothidea from actively growing colonies were applied to same-sized bark wounds on the middle point of the stems. Control seedlings were inoculated with sterile PDA plugs. Inoculated and control seedlings (three each) were kept in a greenhouse and watered as needed. After 4 weeks, all H. chinensis seedlings developed vascular tissue discoloration and leaf wilting; no such symptoms were manifested by seedlings in the control treatment. B. dothidea was reisolated from all B. dothidea-inoculated, symptomatic tissues, fulfilling Koch's postulates. In China, B. dothidea has previously been reported to cause canker and dieback disease of Eucalyptus grandis (2) and gummosis of peach (1); however, to our knowledge, this is the first report of B. dothidea causing canker and dieback on H. chinensis. References: (1) Y. Ko et al. Plant Pathol. Bull. 1:70, 1992. (2) L. Yu et al. Plant Dis. 93:764, 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yu
- College of Agronomy/Urban Modern Agriculture Engineering Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - L F Wang
- College of Agronomy/Urban Modern Agriculture Engineering Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - J R Zhao
- College of Agronomy/Urban Modern Agriculture Engineering Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - S G Xu
- College of Agronomy/Urban Modern Agriculture Engineering Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - D Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - J F Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
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15
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Abstract
Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) production in southwest and northeast China has grown to over 100,000 ha in the last 20 years thanks to the fruit's high nutritional and economic value. As blueberry acreage increases, the diversity of diseases and challenges for control are gaining more attention. In August 2010, stem and branch blight occurred on Highbush Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) at commercial farms in Lijiang and Zongdian, Yunnan Province (southwestern China), with crop damage ranging from 10 to 15%. Typical symptoms of the disease were blight and dieback on the stems with lesions extending along entire branches. Diseased samples (phloem and xylem sectors in the wood) were washed with running tap water, disinfected with 2% sodium hypochlorite, then 70% alcohol, rinsed in sterile distilled water, plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA), and incubated at 28°C. Fungal isolates developed copious, white aerial mycelium that became dark gray after 4 to 5 days and formed black pycnidia after 18 days. Conidia were hyaline, aseptate, thin walled, fusiform, and measured 21 to 27 × 4 to 6 μm. Identity was confirmed by analysis of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region ITSI-5.8S -ITS2 with primers ITS1 and ITS4. BLAST searches showed 99% identity with Botryosphaeria dothidea isolates from GenBank (Accession Nos. AB693904 and JF800139). Representative sequences of B. dothidea from Highbush Blueberries from China were deposited into GenBank (Accession No. JX096631). On the basis of morphological and molecular results, the fungus isolated from diseased Highbush Blueberries stem was confirmed to be B. dothidea. Pathogenicity tests were conducted on 2-year-old blueberry seedlings (Highbush Blueberries). Mycelial plugs (2 to 3 mm in diameter) of B. dothidea from actively growing colonies (PDA) were applied to same-size bark wounds in the center of the stems. Inoculation wounds were wrapped with Parafilm. Control seedlings received sterile PDA plugs. Inoculated and control seedlings (five each) were kept in a greenhouse and watered as needed. After 12 days, all of the inoculated but none of the control blueberry seedlings showed dark vascular stem tissue. B. dothidea was reisolated from symptomatic tissues, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. No symptoms were visible in the control seedlings. B. dothidea has been reported as a pathogen of sycamore (3), olives (1), and peach (2). However, no research has been conducted on stem blight of blueberry caused by B. dothidea in southwest or mainland China. To our knowledge, this is the first report of B. dothidea on blueberry in southwest China. References: (1) M. Chattaoui, et al. Plant Dis. 95:770, 2011. (2) Y. Ko et al. Plant Pathol. Bull. 1:70, 1992. (3) E. Turco, et al. Plant Dis. 90:1106, 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yu
- College of Agronomy/Urban Modern Agriculture Engineering Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - I Rarisara
- Department of Food Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S G Xu
- College of Agronomy/Urban Modern Agriculture Engineering Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - X Wu
- College of Agronomy/Urban Modern Agriculture Engineering Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - J R Zhao
- College of Agronomy/Urban Modern Agriculture Engineering Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
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Wang H, Xiao ZX, Wang FG, Xiao YN, Zhao JR, Zheng YL, Qiu FZ. Mapping of HtNB, a gene conferring non-lesion resistance before heading to Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.), in a maize inbred line derived from the Indonesian variety Bramadi. Genet Mol Res 2012; 11:2523-33. [PMID: 22869072 DOI: 10.4238/2012.july.10.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The gene HtNB confers non-lesion resistance to the fungal pathogen Exserohilum turcicum in maize. To map this gene, we developed two F₂ populations, P111 (resistant line) x HuangZao 4 (susceptible line) and P111 x B73 (susceptible). HtNB was located on chromosome 8.07 bin, flanked by MAC216826-4 and umc2218 at distances of 3.3 and 3.4 cM, respectively. HtNB appears to be a new gene responsible for resistance to northern corn leaf blight. Functions of the genes in the region between umc1384 and umc2218 were predicted. In addition, several genes were found to be related to disease resistance, such as the genes encoding Ser/Thr protein kinase and protein-like leaf senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, HuaZhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, China
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Meng LQ, Tang JW, Wang Y, Zhao JR, Shang MY, Zhang M, Liu SY, Qu L, Cai SQ, Li XM. Astragaloside IV synergizes with ferulic acid to inhibit renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in rats with obstructive nephropathy. Br J Pharmacol 2011; 162:1805-18. [PMID: 21232035 PMCID: PMC3081123 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01206.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The combination of Chinese herbs, Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix, could alleviate renal interstitial fibrosis. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) and ferulic acid (FA) are the two major active constituents in this combination. In this study, we employed rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction to determine whether AS-IV and FA have the same renoprotective effects and investigated the mechanisms of this action. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Renal pathological changes were evaluated after treatment with AS-IV, FA or AS-IV + FA (AF) for 10 days. Meanwhile, the expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), fibronectin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and nitric oxide (NO) production in kidney were determined. The expressions of fibronectin, α-SMA, mitogen-activated protein kinases [JNK, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), P38] in TGF-β1-treated NRK-49F cells or interleukin-1-treated HK-2 cells after AS-IV, FA or AF were assessed. KEY RESULTS AF alleviated the infiltration of mononuclear cells, tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis; reduced the expression of fibronectin, α-SMA, TGF-β1 and p-JNK; and dramatically increased the production of NO in obstructed kidneys. Neither AS-IV nor FA alone improved renal damage, but both increased NO production. AF inhibited α-SMA and fibronectin expression in NRK-49F or HK-2 cells. Furthermore, AF significantly inhibited IL-1β-induced JNK phosphorylation, without affecting ERK or P38 phosphorylation. Neither AS-IV nor FA alone had any effect on the cells. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS AS-IV synergizes with FA to alleviate renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis; this was associated with inhibition of tubular epithelial–mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT) and fibroblast activation, as well as an increase in NO production in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Q Meng
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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18
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Guo CS, Yu YN, Zhang XT, Zhao JR, Jiang H. Three-dimensional coordinate measurements using a multiple-pinhole interferometer. Opt Lett 2011; 36:2260-2262. [PMID: 21685986 DOI: 10.1364/ol.36.002260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We propose a method for noncontact measurements of three-dimensional (3D) coordinates based on a Y-typed multiple-pinhole (MP) interferometer and demonstrate its feasibility in experiments. In this method, a Y-typed MP plate is inserted between the target and an image sensor to form a common-path interferometer. The 3D coordinates of the target are found by an effective algorithm using the discrete phase values on the measurement pinholes of the MP plate. These phase values can be directly extracted from a Fourier transform of the recorded intensity pattern without need of any iterative or phase-shifting algorithm. The method could be significant in real-time coordinate measurements and position tracking applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Shan Guo
- Physics Department, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
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20
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Shu JC, He YJ, Lv X, Zhao JR, Zhao J, Shen Y, Ye GR, Wang LX. Effect of curcumin on the proliferation and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 42:1173-8. [PMID: 19918672 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2009005000041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 09/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effect of curcumin (diferuloylmethane) on the proliferation and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells (HSC). The cell line HSC-T6 (1.25 x 10(5) cells/mL) was incubated with curcumin and HSC proliferation was detected by a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium colorimetric assay. HSC apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, transmission electron microscope and agarose gel electrophoresis. HSC proliferation was significantly inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner (10.6 to 63.5%) after incubation with 20-100 microM curcumin, compared with a control group. At 20, 40, and 60 microM, after 24 h of incubation, curcumin was associated with a significant increase in the number of HSC in the G2/M phase, and a significant decrease in cell numbers in the S phase (P < 0.05). At these concentrations, curcumin was also associated with an increase in the apoptosis index of 15.3 +/- 1.9, 26.7 +/- 2.8, and 37.6 +/- 4.4%, respectively, compared to control (1.9 +/- 0.6%, P < 0.01). At 40 microM, the curcumin-induced apoptosis index at 12, 24, 36, and 48 h of incubation was 12.0 +/- 2.4, 26.7 +/- 3.5, 33.8 +/- 1.8, and 49.3 +/- 1.6%, respectively (P < 0.01). In conclusion, curcumin inhibits the in vitro proliferation of HSCs in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and also induces apoptosis in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The in vivo effect of curcumin on HSCs requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhao JR, Fan XB, Hang XM, Wang YM, Yang H. [An in vitro study of cholesterol-lowering properties of probiotics isolated from the human feces]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2005; 45:920-4. [PMID: 16496704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
21 strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, isolated from feces of healthy youth and children feces and identified by molecular biological methods, together with 6 strains of probiotics preserved in Onlly lab were studied in the experiments, including removal cholesterol from media, bile-tolerance and acid-tolerance. The results demonstrated that all strains could remove cholesterol from media and removal rates of 5 strains were more than 40%. Meanwhile these 5 strains had high removal effectiveness. The bile-tolerance and acid-tolerance were varied from strain to strain. Among 27 strains, Bm26 demonstrated higher ability of removal cholesterol, bile-tolerance and bile-tolerance than other strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rui Zhao
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Zhao JR. [Ultrasonic measurement of femur length in estimating the fetal gestational age]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 1987; 22:67-8, 125. [PMID: 3304861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Zhao JR. [Solutions for intraocular irrigation]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 1985; 21:166-9. [PMID: 3926431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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