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Dietvorst J, Ferrer-Vilanova A, Iyengar SN, Russom A, Vigués N, Mas J, Vilaplana L, Marco MP, Guirado G, Muñoz-Berbel X. Bacteria Detection at a Single-Cell Level through a Cyanotype-Based Photochemical Reaction. Anal Chem 2022; 94:787-792. [PMID: 34931815 PMCID: PMC8771638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The detection of living organisms at very low concentrations is necessary for the early diagnosis of bacterial infections, but it is still challenging as there is a need for signal amplification. Cell culture, nucleic acid amplification, or nanostructure-based signal enhancement are the most common amplification methods, relying on long, tedious, complex, or expensive procedures. Here, we present a cyanotype-based photochemical amplification reaction enabling the detection of low bacterial concentrations up to a single-cell level. Photocatalysis is induced with visible light and requires bacterial metabolism of iron-based compounds to produce Prussian Blue. Bacterial activity is thus detected through the formation of an observable blue precipitate within 3 h of the reaction, which corresponds to the concentration of living organisms. The short time-to-result and simplicity of the reaction are expected to strongly impact the clinical diagnosis of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Dietvorst
- Instituto
de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Bellaterra (Barcelona) 08193, Spain
- Nanobiotechnology
for diagnostics (Nb4D), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC,
CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Amparo Ferrer-Vilanova
- Instituto
de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Bellaterra (Barcelona) 08193, Spain
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, Bellaterra
(Barcelona) 08193, Spain
| | - Sharath Narayana Iyengar
- Division
of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for life
laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 17165, Sweden
| | - Aman Russom
- Division
of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for life
laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 17165, Sweden
| | - Núria Vigués
- Departament
of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat
Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra
(Barcelona) 08193, Spain
| | - Jordi Mas
- Departament
of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat
Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra
(Barcelona) 08193, Spain
| | - Lluïsa Vilaplana
- Nanobiotechnology
for diagnostics (Nb4D), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC,
CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
- CIBER
de
Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina
(CIBER-BBN), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Maria-Pilar Marco
- Nanobiotechnology
for diagnostics (Nb4D), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC,
CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
- CIBER
de
Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina
(CIBER-BBN), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Guirado
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, Bellaterra
(Barcelona) 08193, Spain
| | - Xavier Muñoz-Berbel
- Instituto
de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Bellaterra (Barcelona) 08193, Spain
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Narayana Iyengar S, Dietvorst J, Ferrer-Vilanova A, Guirado G, Muñoz-Berbel X, Russom A. Toward Rapid Detection of Viable Bacteria in Whole Blood for Early Sepsis Diagnostics and Susceptibility Testing. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3357-3366. [PMID: 34410700 PMCID: PMC8477386 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
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Sepsis is a serious
bloodstream infection where the immunity of
the host body is compromised, leading to organ failure and death of
the patient. In early sepsis, the concentration of bacteria is very
low and the time of diagnosis is very critical since mortality increases
exponentially with every hour after infection. Common culture-based
methods fail in fast bacteria determination, while recent rapid diagnostic
methods are expensive and prone to false positives. In this work,
we present a sepsis kit for fast detection of bacteria in whole blood,
here achieved by combining selective cell lysis and a sensitive colorimetric
approach detecting as low as 103 CFU/mL bacteria in less
than 5 h. Homemade selective cell lysis buffer (combination of saponin
and sodium cholate) allows fast processing of whole blood in 5 min
while maintaining bacteria alive (100% viability). After filtration,
retained bacteria on filter paper are incubated under constant illumination
with the electrochromic precursors, i.e., ferricyanide and ferric
ammonium citrate. Viable bacteria metabolically reduce iron(III) complexes,
initiating a photocatalytic cascade toward Prussian blue formation.
As a proof of concept, we combine this method with antibiotic susceptibility
testing to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using
two antibiotics (ampicillin and gentamicin). Although this kit is
used to demonstrate its applicability to sepsis, this approach is
expected to impact other key sectors such as hygiene evaluation, microbial
contaminated food/beverage, or UTI, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath Narayana Iyengar
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 17165, Sweden
- AIMES - Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 17165, Sweden
| | - Jiri Dietvorst
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del vallès, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Amparo Ferrer-Vilanova
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del vallès, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Guirado
- Department de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Xavier Muñoz-Berbel
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del vallès, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Aman Russom
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 17165, Sweden
- AIMES - Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 17165, Sweden
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Ferrer-Vilanova A, Alonso Y, Dietvorst J, Pérez-Montero M, Rodríguez-Rodríguez R, Ivanova K, Tzanov T, Vigués N, Mas J, Guirado G, Muñoz-Berbel X. Sonochemical coating of Prussian Blue for the production of smart bacterial-sensing hospital textiles. Ultrason Sonochem 2021; 70:105317. [PMID: 32891882 PMCID: PMC7786536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In healthcare facilities, environmental microbes are responsible for numerous infections leading to patient's health complications and even death. The detection of the pathogens present on contaminated surfaces is crucial, although not always possible with current microbial detection technologies requiring sample collection and transfer to the laboratory. Based on a simple sonochemical coating process, smart hospital fabrics with the capacity to detect live bacteria by a simple change of colour are presented here. Prussian Blue nanoparticles (PB-NPs) are sonochemically coated on polyester-cotton textiles in a single-step requiring 15 min. The presence of PB-NPs confers the textile with an intensive blue colour and with bacterial-sensing capacity. Live bacteria in the textile metabolize PB-NPs and reduce them to colourless Prussian White (PW), enabling in situ detection of bacterial presence in less than 6 h with the bare eye (complete colour change requires 40 h). The smart textile is sensitive to both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, responsible for most nosocomial infections. The redox reaction is completely reversible and the textile recovers its initial blue colour by re-oxidation with environmental oxygen, enabling its re-use. Due to its simplicity and versatility, the current technology can be employed in different types of materials for control and prevention of microbial infections in hospitals, industries, schools and at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amparo Ferrer-Vilanova
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Carrer dels Til·lers s/n, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Yasmine Alonso
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jiri Dietvorst
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Carrer dels Til·lers s/n, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marta Pérez-Montero
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rosalía Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Kristina Ivanova
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Edifici Gaia, Pg. Ernest Lluch/Rambla Sant Nebridi s/n. 08222, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Tzanko Tzanov
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Edifici Gaia, Pg. Ernest Lluch/Rambla Sant Nebridi s/n. 08222, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Núria Vigués
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jordi Mas
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gonzalo Guirado
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Xavier Muñoz-Berbel
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Carrer dels Til·lers s/n, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
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Dietvorst J, Vilaplana L, Uria N, Marco MP, Muñoz-Berbel X. Current and near-future technologies for antibiotic susceptibility testing and resistant bacteria detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Dietvorst J, Goyvaerts J, Ackermann TN, Alvarez E, Muñoz-Berbel X, Llobera A. Microfluidic-controlled optical router for lab on a chip. Lab Chip 2019; 19:2081-2088. [PMID: 31114831 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00143c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In multiplexed analysis, lab on a chip (LoC) devices are advantageous due to the low sample and reagent volumes required. Although optical detection is preferred for providing high sensitivity in a contactless configuration, multiplexed optical LoCs are limited by the technological complexity for integrating multiple light sources and detectors in a single device. To address this issue, we present a microfluidic-controlled optical router that enables measurement in four individual optical channels using a single light source and detector, and without movable parts. The optofluidic device is entirely fabricated in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by soft-lithography, compatible with standard microfabrication technologies, enabling monolithic integration in LoCs. In the device, in-coupled light from an optical fiber is collimated by a polymeric micro-lens and guided through a set of four sequentially connected micro-chambers. When a micro-chamber is filled with water, light is transmitted to the next one. If it is empty of liquid, however, total internal reflection (TIR) occurs at the PDMS-air interface, re-directing the light to the output optical fiber. The router presents high performance, with low cross-talk (<2%) and high switching frequencies (up to 0.343 ± 0.006 Hz), and provides a stable signal for up to 91% of the switching time. With this miniaturized, low-cost, simple and robust design, we expect the current technology to be integrated in the new generation of multiplexed photonic LoCs for biomarker analysis, even at the point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Dietvorst
- Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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Pujol-Vila F, Dietvorst J, Gall-Mas L, Díaz-González M, Vigués N, Mas J, Muñoz-Berbel X. Bioelectrochromic hydrogel for fast antibiotic-susceptibility testing. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 511:251-258. [PMID: 29028576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Materials science offers new perspectives in the clinical analysis of antimicrobial sensitivity. However, a biomaterial with the capacity to respond to living bacteria has not been developed to date. We present an electrochromic iron(III)-complexed alginate hydrogel sensitive to bacterial metabolism, here applied to fast antibiotic-susceptibility determination. Bacteria under evaluation are entrapped -and pre-concentrated- in the hydrogel matrix by oxidation of iron (II) ions to iron (III) and in situ formation of the alginate hydrogel in less than 2min and in soft experimental conditions (i.e. room temperature, pH 7, aqueous solution). After incubation with the antibiotic (10min), ferricyanide is added to the biomaterial. Bacteria resistant to the antibiotic dose remain alive and reduce ferricyanide to ferrocyanide, which reacts with the iron (III) ions in the hydrogel to produce Prussian Blue molecules. For a bacterial concentration above 107 colony forming units per mL colour development is detectable with the bare eye in less than 20min. The simplicity, sensitivity, low-cost and short response time of the biomaterial and the assay envisages a high impact of these approaches on sensitive sectors such as public health system, food and beverage industries or environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Pujol-Vila
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jiri Dietvorst
- Centre Nacional de Microelectrònica (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Gall-Mas
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Díaz-González
- Centre Nacional de Microelectrònica (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Vigués
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Mas
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Muñoz-Berbel
- Centre Nacional de Microelectrònica (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Petersen LK, Blakskjær P, Chaikuad A, Christensen AB, Dietvorst J, Holmkvist J, Knapp S, Kořínek M, Larsen LK, Pedersen AE, Röhm S, Sløk FA, Hansen NJV. Novel p38α MAP kinase inhibitors identified from yoctoReactor DNA-encoded small molecule library. Med Chem Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00241b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A DNA-encoded small-molecule library was prepared using yoctoReactor technology followed by binder trap enrichment to identify selective inhibitors with nanomolar potencies against p38α MAP kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A. Chaikuad
- Structural Genomic Consortium
- University of Oxford
- Old Road Campus Research Building
- Oxford
- UK
| | | | | | | | - S. Knapp
- Structural Genomic Consortium
- University of Oxford
- Old Road Campus Research Building
- Oxford
- UK
| | - M. Kořínek
- APIGENEX s.r.o
- 190 00 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | | | - A. E. Pedersen
- The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology
- University of Copenhagen
- DK-2200 Copenhagen N
- Denmark
| | - S. Röhm
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Buchmann Institute for life sciences
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University
- D-60438 Frankfurt am Main
- Germany
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Dietvorst J, Blieck L, Brandt R, Van Dijck P, Steensma HY. Attachment ofMAL32-encoded maltase on the outside of yeast cells improves maltotriose utilization. Yeast 2007; 24:27-38. [PMID: 17192852 DOI: 10.1002/yea.1436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The fermentation of maltotriose, the second most abundant fermentable sugar in wort, is often incomplete during high-gravity brewing. Poor maltotriose consumption is due to environmental stress conditions during high-gravity fermentation and especially to a low uptake of this sugar by some industrial strains. In this study we investigated whether the use of strains with an alpha-glucosidase attached to the outside of the cell might be a possible way to reduce residual maltotriose. To this end, the N-terminal leader sequence of Kre1 and the carboxy-terminal anchoring domain of either Cwp2 or Flo1 were used to target maltase encoded by MAL32 to the cell surface. We showed that Mal32 displayed on the cell surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae laboratory strains was capable of hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-linkages, and that it increased the ability of a strain lacking a functional maltose permease to grow on maltotriose. Moreover, the enzyme was also expressed and found to be active in an industrial strain. These data show that expressing a suitable maltase on the cell surface might provide a means of modifying yeast for more complete maltotriose utilization in brewing and other fermentation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dietvorst
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 64, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Maltotriose is the second most abundant fermentable sugar in wort and, due to incomplete fermentation, residual maltotriose in beer causes both quality and economic problems in the brewing industry. To identify genes that might improve utilization of maltotriose, we developed a library containing genomic DNA from four lager strains and a laboratory Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain and isolated transformants that could grow on YP/2% maltotriose in the presence of 3 mg/l of the respiratory inhibitor antimycin A. In this way we found a gene which shared 74% similarity with MPH2 and MPH3, 62% similarity with AGT1 and 91% similarity with MAL61 and MAL31, all encoding known maltose transporters. Moreover, the gene shared an even higher similarity (98%) with the uncharacterized Saccharomyces pastorianus mty1 gene (M. Salema-Oom, unpublished; NCBI Accession No. AJ491328). Therefore, we named the gene MTT1 (mty1-like transporter). We showed that the gene was present in four different lager strains but was absent from the laboratory strain CEN.PK113-7D. The ORF in the plasmid isolated from the library lacks 66 base pairs from the 3'-end of MTT1 but instead contains 54 bp of the vector. We named this ORF MTT1alt (NCBI Accession No. DQ010174). 14C-Maltose and repurified 14C-maltotriose were used to show that MTT1 and, especially, MTT1alt, encode maltose transporters for which the ratio between activities to maltotriose and maltose is higher than for most known maltose transporters. Introduction of MTT1 or MTT1alt into lager strain A15 raised maltotriose uptake by about 17% or 105%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dietvorst
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 64, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
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