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Brockett JS, Manalo T, Zein-Sabatto H, Lee J, Fang J, Chu P, Feng H, Patil D, Davidson P, Ogan K, Master VA, Pattaras JG, Roberts DL, Bergquist SH, Reyna MA, Petros JA, Lerit DA, Arnold RS. A missense SNP in the tumor suppressor SETD2 reduces H3K36me3 and mitotic spindle integrity in Drosophila. Genetics 2024; 226:iyae015. [PMID: 38290049 PMCID: PMC10990431 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in SETD2 are among the most prevalent drivers of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We identified a novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in SETD2, E902Q, within a subset of RCC patients, which manifests as both an inherited or tumor-associated somatic mutation. To determine if the SNP is biologically functional, we used CRISPR-based genome editing to generate the orthologous mutation within the Drosophila melanogaster Set2 gene. In Drosophila, the homologous amino acid substitution, E741Q, reduces H3K36me3 levels comparable to Set2 knockdown, and this loss is rescued by reintroduction of a wild-type Set2 transgene. We similarly uncovered significant defects in spindle morphogenesis, consistent with the established role of SETD2 in methylating α-Tubulin during mitosis to regulate microtubule dynamics and maintain genome stability. These data indicate the Set2 E741Q SNP affects both histone methylation and spindle integrity. Moreover, this work further suggests the SETD2 E902Q SNP may hold clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovan S Brockett
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Tad Manalo
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hala Zein-Sabatto
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jina Lee
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Junnan Fang
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Philip Chu
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Harry Feng
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Dattatraya Patil
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Priscilla Davidson
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kenneth Ogan
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Viraj A Master
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - John G Pattaras
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - David L Roberts
- Emory University Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sharon H Bergquist
- Emory University Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Matthew A Reyna
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - John A Petros
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Dorothy A Lerit
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rebecca S Arnold
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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2
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Wu B, Tapadar S, Ruan Z, Sun CQ, Arnold RS, Olugbami JO, Johnston A, Arunsi U, Gaul DA, Petros JA, Kobayashi T, Duda DG, Oyelere AK. A Novel Liver Cancer-Selective Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Is Effective Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Induces Durable Responses with Immunotherapy. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.27.587062. [PMID: 38585757 PMCID: PMC10996603 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.27.587062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) progression is facilitated by gene-silencing chromatin histone hypoacetylation due to histone deacetylases (HDACs) activation. However, inhibiting HDACs - an effective treatment for lymphomas - has shown limited success in solid tumors. We report the discovery of a class of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) that demonstrates exquisite selective cytotoxicity against human HCC cells. The lead compound STR-V-53 ( 3 ) showed favorable safety profile in mice and robustly suppressed tumor growth in orthotopic xenograft models of HCC. When combined with the anti-HCC drug sorafenib, STR-V-53 showed greater in vivo efficacy. Moreover, STR-V-53 combined with anti-PD1 therapy increased the CD8 + to regulatory T-cell (Treg) ratio and survival in an orthotopic HCC model in immunocompetent mice. This combination therapy resulted in durable responses in 40% of the mice. Collectively, our data demonstrate that the novel HDACi STR-V-53 is an effective anti-HCC agent that can induce profound responses when combined with standard immunotherapy.
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3
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Dasari M, Pelly SC, Geng J, Gold HB, Pribut N, Sharma SK, D’Erasmo MP, Bartsch PW, Sun C, Toti K, Arnold RS, Petros JA, Xu L, Jiang Y, Miller EJ, Liotta DC. Discovery of 5'-Substituted 5-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine Monophosphate Analogs: A Novel Class of Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitors. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:702-709. [PMID: 37200809 PMCID: PMC10186355 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil and 5-fluorouracil-based prodrugs have been used clinically for decades to treat cancer. Their anticancer effects are most prominently ascribed to inhibition of thymidylate synthase (TS) by metabolite 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (FdUMP). However, 5-fluorouracil and FdUMP are subject to numerous unfavorable metabolic events that can drive undesired systemic toxicity. Our previous research on antiviral nucleotides suggested that substitution at the nucleoside 5'-carbon imposes conformational restrictions on the corresponding nucleoside monophosphates, rendering them poor substrates for productive intracellular conversion to viral polymerase-inhibiting triphosphate metabolites. Accordingly, we hypothesized that 5'-substituted analogs of FdUMP, which is uniquely active at the monophosphate stage, would inhibit TS while preventing undesirable metabolism. Free energy perturbation-derived relative binding energy calculations suggested that 5'(R)-CH3 and 5'(S)-CF3 FdUMP analogs would maintain TS potency. Herein, we report our computational design strategy, synthesis of 5'-substituted FdUMP analogs, and pharmacological assessment of TS inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Dasari
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University College of
Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Stephen C. Pelly
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University College of
Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Jiafeng Geng
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University College of
Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Hannah B. Gold
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University College of
Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Nicole Pribut
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University College of
Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Savita K. Sharma
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University College of
Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Michael P. D’Erasmo
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University College of
Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Perry W. Bartsch
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University College of
Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Carrie Sun
- Department
of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Kiran Toti
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University College of
Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Rebecca S. Arnold
- Department
of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Winship
Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - John A. Petros
- Department
of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Winship
Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Lingjie Xu
- Junrui
Biotechnology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Junrui
Biotechnology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Eric J. Miller
- Winship
Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Department
of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Dennis C. Liotta
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University College of
Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Winship
Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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4
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Bifarin OO, Gaul DA, Sah S, Arnold RS, Ogan K, Master VA, Roberts DL, Bergquist SH, Petros JA, Fernández FM, Edison AS. Machine Learning-Enabled Renal Cell Carcinoma Status Prediction Using Multiplatform Urine-Based Metabolomics. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:3629-3641. [PMID: 34161092 PMCID: PMC9847475 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is diagnosed through expensive cross-sectional imaging, frequently followed by renal mass biopsy, which is not only invasive but also prone to sampling errors. Hence, there is a critical need for a noninvasive diagnostic assay. RCC exhibits altered cellular metabolism combined with the close proximity of the tumor(s) to the urine in the kidney, suggesting that urine metabolomic profiling is an excellent choice for assay development. Here, we acquired liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data followed by the use of machine learning (ML) to discover candidate metabolomic panels for RCC. The study cohort consisted of 105 RCC patients and 179 controls separated into two subcohorts: the model cohort and the test cohort. Univariate, wrapper, and embedded methods were used to select discriminatory features using the model cohort. Three ML techniques, each with different induction biases, were used for training and hyperparameter tuning. Assessment of RCC status prediction was evaluated using the test cohort with the selected biomarkers and the optimally tuned ML algorithms. A seven-metabolite panel predicted RCC in the test cohort with 88% accuracy, 94% sensitivity, 85% specificity, and 0.98 AUC. Metabolomics Workbench Study IDs are ST001705 and ST001706.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Samyukta Sah
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Rebecca S. Arnold
- Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30308, United States
| | - Kenneth Ogan
- Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30308, United States
| | - Viraj A. Master
- Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30308, United States; Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - David L. Roberts
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Sharon H. Bergquist
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - John A. Petros
- Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30308, United States; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30033, United States
| | - Facundo M. Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Arthur S. Edison
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Department of Genetics, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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5
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Tapadar S, Fathi S, Wu B, Sun CQ, Raji I, Moore SG, Arnold RS, Gaul DA, Petros JA, Oyelere AK. Liver-Targeting Class I Selective Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Potently Suppress Hepatocellular Tumor Growth as Standalone Agents. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3095. [PMID: 33114147 PMCID: PMC7690782 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctions in epigenetic regulation play critical roles in tumor development and progression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone acetyl transferase (HAT) are functionally opposing epigenetic regulators, which control the expression status of tumor suppressor genes. Upregulation of HDAC activities, which results in silencing of tumor suppressor genes and uncontrolled proliferation, predominates in malignant tumors. Inhibition of the deacetylase activity of HDACs is a clinically validated cancer therapy strategy. However, current HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have elicited limited therapeutic benefit against solid tumors. Here, we disclosed a class of HDACi that are selective for sub-class I HDACs and preferentially accumulate within the normal liver tissue and orthotopically implanted liver tumors. We observed that these compounds possess exquisite on-target effects evidenced by their induction of dose-dependent histone H4 hyperacetylation without perturbation of tubulin acetylation status and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Representative compounds 2 and 3a are relatively non-toxic to mice and robustly suppressed tumor growths in an orthotopic model of HCC as standalone agents. Collectively, our results suggest that these compounds may have therapeutic advantage against HCC relative to the current systemic HDACi. This prospect merits further comprehensive preclinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasish Tapadar
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (S.T.); (S.F.); (B.W.); (I.R.); (S.G.M.)
- Sophia Bioscience, Inc. 311 Ferst Drive NW, Ste. L1325A, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA;
| | - Shaghayegh Fathi
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (S.T.); (S.F.); (B.W.); (I.R.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Bocheng Wu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (S.T.); (S.F.); (B.W.); (I.R.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Carrie Q. Sun
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (C.Q.S.); (R.S.A.)
| | - Idris Raji
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (S.T.); (S.F.); (B.W.); (I.R.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Samuel G. Moore
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (S.T.); (S.F.); (B.W.); (I.R.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Rebecca S. Arnold
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (C.Q.S.); (R.S.A.)
| | - David A. Gaul
- Sophia Bioscience, Inc. 311 Ferst Drive NW, Ste. L1325A, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA;
| | - John A. Petros
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (C.Q.S.); (R.S.A.)
| | - Adegboyega K. Oyelere
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (S.T.); (S.F.); (B.W.); (I.R.); (S.G.M.)
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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6
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Obeng RC, Arnold RS, Ogan K, Master VA, Pattaras JG, Petros JA, Osunkoya AO. Molecular characteristics and markers of advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Pitfalls due to intratumoral heterogeneity and identification of genetic alterations associated with metastasis. Int J Urol 2020; 27:790-797. [PMID: 32638444 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify clear cell renal cell carcinoma-related gene mutations potentially associated with aggressive disease, sarcomatoid differentiation or poor prognosis. METHODS We carried out genomic analysis of 217 tumor foci from 25 patients with conventional clear cell renal cell carcinoma (14 patients), clear cell renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation (six patients) and non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (five patients). Each tumor nodule on the tissue block that corresponded to the same focus on the slide was separated from the normal parenchyma and other histologically distinct areas of tumor. The isolated tumor foci were used for subsequent analyses and sequencing. Deoxyribonucleic acid from the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues was extracted. Multiplex bar-coded polymerase chain reaction amplification was carried out using next-generation sequencing libraries. RESULTS Overall, 67 protein alterations, including amino acid alterations, frame shifts and splice site mutations in seven genes were identified in the cohort of renal cell carcinoma tumors included in this study. Fewer patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation had clear cell renal cell carcinoma-related mutations in comparison with patients with conventional clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Additionally, the average number of unique clear cell renal cell carcinoma-related protein alterations per patient was significantly lower in clear cell renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation than in conventional clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Mutations in PBRM1 were identified in a higher proportion of patients with high-grade tumors (World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology grade 4) and in the primary tumors of six of 10 (60%) patients with metastatic disease. CONCLUSIONS Although there are pitfalls due to intratumoral heterogeneity and sampling bias, mutations in PBRM1 may be associated with metastasis and aggressive disease in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C Obeng
- Departments of, Department of, Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rebecca S Arnold
- Department of, Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kenneth Ogan
- Department of, Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Viraj A Master
- Department of, Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John G Pattaras
- Department of, Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John A Petros
- Departments of, Department of, Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of, Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Departments of, Department of, Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Adeboye O Osunkoya
- Departments of, Department of, Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of, Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of, Pathology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA
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7
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Li Z, Sun CQ, Arnold R, Petros JA, Moreno CS. Abstract 284: Combination therapies to prevent resistance to androgen deprivation therapies in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is a distinctive feature of prostate cancer (PCa) and represents a major therapeutic target for treating metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). Thus, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a first-line treatment for mPCa. Although initially highly effective as a treatment for mPC, ADT is characterized by the frequent emergence of resistance, a disease state termed castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and is generally incurable after progression to metastatic disease. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying CRPC and subsequent progression to metastatic disease is critical. In our previous study, which was mainly focused on how transcriptional networks change in response to ADT and lead to metastasis, we analyzed matched pre-ADT and post-ADT tissue samples via RNAseq analysis of 40 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) patient-matched pre-ADT biopsy (Bx) and post-ADT radical prostatectomy (RP) prostate cancer samples. We observed strong upregulation of components of the MAPK pathway including FOS, FOSB, and JUN, as well as downstream targets of MAPK signaling. These data suggest that ADT may induce a compensatory increase in MAPK signaling in response to the decrease in androgen signaling. Thus, we hypothesize that combination therapies targeting AR and the MAPK pathway may synergistically kill prostate cancer cells and prevent recurrence and progression to CRPC. In the current study, we have tested the effects of the MEK inhibitors PD0325901 and GSK1120212, ERK1/2 inhibitor GDC-0994, and the JNK inhibitor AS602801 alone and in combination with enzalutamide in androgen-sensitive LNCaP and MDA-PCa-2b cells. Cell viability assays indicated that enzalutamide combined with MEK and JNK inhibitors synergistically killed LNCaP and MDA-PCa-2b cells, and decreased migration and invasion of LNCaP cell more than any of the drugs alone. We therefore propose that combination therapy targeting AR and MEK and/or JNK signal pathways may be an effective treatment for recurrent prostate cancer. We are currently investigating the most promising combinations of enzalutamide with JNK inhibitors for anti-tumorigenic effects in vivo using a mouse xenograft model.
Citation Format: Zhenghong Li, Carrie Qi Sun, Rebecca Arnold, John A. Petros, Carlos S. Moreno. Combination therapies to prevent resistance to androgen deprivation therapies in prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 284.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghong Li
- 1Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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8
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Sun CQ, Arnold RS, Hsieh CL, Dorin JR, Lian F, Li Z, Petros JA. Discovery and mechanisms of host defense to oncogenesis: targeting the β-defensin-1 peptide as a natural tumor inhibitor. Cancer Biol Ther 2019; 20:774-786. [PMID: 30900935 PMCID: PMC6605992 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1564564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human beta-defensin-1 (hBD-1) is one of a number of small cationic host-defense peptides. Besides its well-known broad-spectrum antimicrobial function, hBD-1 has recently been identified as a chromosome 8p tumor-suppressor gene. The role of hBD-1 in modulating the host immune response to oncogenesis, associated with cell signaling and potential therapeutic applications, has become increasingly appreciated over time. In this study, multiple approaches were used to illustrate hBD-1 anti-tumor activities. Results demonstrate that hBD-1 peptide alters human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) signal transduction and represses retroviral-mediated transgene expression in cancer cells. Loss of orthologous murine defense-1 (mBD1) in mice enhances nickel sulfate-induced leiomyosarcoma and causes mouse kidney cells to exhibit increased susceptibility to HPV-16 E6/7-induced neoplastic transformation. Furthermore, for the first time, a novel function of the urine-derived hBD-1 peptide was discovered to suppress bladder cancer growth and this may lead to future applications in the treatment of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Q. Sun
- Department of Urology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rebecca S. Arnold
- Department of Urology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Chia-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Julia R. Dorin
- Center for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fei Lian
- Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Zhenghong Li
- School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Human Province, P. R. China
| | - John A. Petros
- Department of Urology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia
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9
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Clendinen CS, Gaul DA, Monge ME, Arnold RS, Edison AS, Petros JA, Fernández FM. Preoperative Metabolic Signatures of Prostate Cancer Recurrence Following Radical Prostatectomy. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:1316-1327. [PMID: 30758971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Technological advances in mass spectrometry (MS), liquid chromatography (LC) separations, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and big data analytics have made possible studying metabolism at an "omics" or systems level. Here, we applied a multiplatform (NMR + LC-MS) metabolomics approach to the study of preoperative metabolic alterations associated with prostate cancer recurrence. Thus far, predicting which patients will recur even after radical prostatectomy has not been possible. Correlation analysis on metabolite abundances detected on serum samples collected prior to surgery from prostate cancer patients ( n = 40 remission vs n = 40 recurrence) showed significant alterations in a number of pathways, including amino acid metabolism, purine and pyrimidine synthesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, tryptophan catabolism, glucose, and lactate. Lipidomics experiments indicated higher lipid abundances on recurrent patients for a number of classes that included triglycerides, lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinositols, diglycerides, acyl carnitines, and ceramides. Machine learning approaches led to the selection of a 20-metabolite panel from a single preoperative blood sample that enabled prediction of recurrence with 92.6% accuracy, 94.4% sensitivity, and 91.9% specificity under cross-validation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaevien S Clendinen
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - David A Gaul
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - María Eugenia Monge
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION) , Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) , Godoy Cruz 2390 , C1425FQD, Ciudad de Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Rebecca S Arnold
- Department of Urology , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30308 , United States
| | - Arthur S Edison
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - John A Petros
- Department of Urology , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30308 , United States.,Atlanta VA Medical Center , Atlanta , Georgia 30033 , United States
| | - Facundo M Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
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10
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Sharma NV, Pellegrini KL, Ouellet V, Giuste FO, Ramalingam S, Watanabe K, Adam-Granger E, Fossouo L, You S, Freeman MR, Vertino P, Conneely K, Osunkoya AO, Trudel D, Mes-Masson AM, Petros JA, Saad F, Moreno CS. Abstract 2269: Transcription factor relationships associated with androgen-deprivation therapy response and metastatic progression in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-2269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Patients with recurrent, aggressive prostate cancer typically undergo androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), but the benefits are often short-lived, and responses are variable. Failure to respond to ADT invariably leads to metastatic disease, and ultimately death. To investigate differential responses to ADT, we performed whole-transcriptome analysis of 20 patient-matched pre-ADT biopsies and post-ADT prostatectomy specimens, and observed that all patients lost transcriptional signatures indicative of the androgen receptor (AR)-dependent subtype, after treatment. We also identified two subgroups of patients with either a strong or weak transcriptional response to ADT. The strong responders maintained the more aggressive subtype signal, while the weak responders lost expression of these genes and more resembled an AR-suppressed, basal subtype. We generated a strong responder transcriptional network using the PANDA program and integrated expression data from our cohort, protein-protein interaction, and DNA binding motif data. We also leveraged the expression data from a large public dataset of over 800 metastatic and primary samples to construct a metastatic lesion transcriptional network. We identified 20 common transcription factor coordinated groups (TFCGs) associated with both the strong responders and metastatic lesions, including GLI3/GLI2, SOX4/FOXA2/GATA4, ERF/ETV5/ETV3/ELF4, and a TFCG containing JUN, JUNB, JUND, FOS, FOSB, and FOSL1. Many TFCGs in the metastatic network were subsets of larger groups in the strong responders network, implicating these transcription factor associations as potentially critical for both the differential ADT response and metastatic disease progression.
Citation Format: Nitya V. Sharma, Kathryn L. Pellegrini, Veronique Ouellet, Felipe O. Giuste, Selvi Ramalingam, Kenneth Watanabe, Eloise Adam-Granger, Lucresse Fossouo, Sungyong You, Michael R. Freeman, Paula Vertino, Karen Conneely, Adeboye O. Osunkoya, Dominique Trudel, Anne-Marie Mes-Masson, John A. Petros, Fred Saad, Carlos S. Moreno. Transcription factor relationships associated with androgen-deprivation therapy response and metastatic progression in prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2269.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fred Saad
- 2Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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11
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Zholudev V, Safir IJ, Painter MN, Petros JA, Filson CP, Issa MM. Comparative Cost Analysis: Teleurology vs Conventional Face-to-Face Clinics. Urology 2018; 113:40-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2017.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Miller EJ, Mays S, Baillie MT, Howard RB, Culver DG, Saindane M, Pruett ST, Holt JJ, Menaldino DS, Evers TJ, Reddy GP, Arrendale RF, Natchus MG, Petros JA, Liotta DC. Discovery of a Fluorinated Enigmol Analog with Enhanced in Vivo Pharmacokinetic and Anti-Tumor Properties. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:537-42. [PMID: 27190606 PMCID: PMC4867483 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The orally bioavailable 1-deoxy-sphingosine analog, Enigmol, has demonstrated anticancer activity in numerous in vivo settings. However, as no Enigmol analog with enhanced potency in vitro has been identified, a new strategy to improve efficacy in vivo by increasing tumor uptake was adopted. Herein, synthesis and biological evaluation of two novel fluorinated Enigmol analogs, CF3-Enigmol and CF2-Enigmol, are reported. Each analog was equipotent to Enigmol in vitro, but achieved higher plasma and tissue levels than Enigmol in vivo. Although plasma and tissue exposures were anticipated to trend with fluorine content, CF2-Enigmol absorbed into tissue at strikingly higher concentrations than CF3-Enigmol. Using mouse xenograft models of prostate cancer, we also show that CF3-Enigmol underperformed Enigmol-mediated inhibition of tumor growth and elicited systemic toxicity. By contrast, CF2-Enigmol was not systemically toxic and demonstrated significantly enhanced antitumor activity as compared to Enigmol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Miller
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Suzanne
G. Mays
- Emory
University School of Medicine, Department
of Urology, 1365 Clifton
Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Mark T. Baillie
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Randy B. Howard
- Emory
Institute for Drug Development (EIDD), 954 Gatewood Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
| | - Deborah G. Culver
- Emory
Institute for Drug Development (EIDD), 954 Gatewood Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
| | - Manohar Saindane
- Emory
Institute for Drug Development (EIDD), 954 Gatewood Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
| | - Sarah T. Pruett
- Yerkes
National Primate Research Center, Biomarkers Core Laboratory, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United
States
| | - Jason J. Holt
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - David S. Menaldino
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Taylor J. Evers
- Emory
Institute for Drug Development (EIDD), 954 Gatewood Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
| | - G. Prabhakar Reddy
- Emory
Institute for Drug Development (EIDD), 954 Gatewood Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
| | - Richard F. Arrendale
- Emory
Institute for Drug Development (EIDD), 954 Gatewood Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
| | - Michael G. Natchus
- Emory
Institute for Drug Development (EIDD), 954 Gatewood Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
| | - John A. Petros
- Emory
University School of Medicine, Department
of Urology, 1365 Clifton
Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Emory
University School of Medicine, Department
of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United
States
- Winship Cancer
Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Atlanta Veterans
Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30033, United
States
| | - Dennis C. Liotta
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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13
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Sun Q, Arnold RS, Sun CQ, Petros JA. A mitochondrial DNA mutation influences the apoptotic effect of statins on prostate cancer. Prostate 2015; 75:1916-25. [PMID: 26383260 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Statins, 3-hydroxy-3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, are currently the most widely used cholesterol-lowering drugs. Previous epidemiological studies have suggested that there may be be an association between statin use and decreased risk of prostate cancer progression. Both inherited and somatic mutations of the mitochondrial genome are linked to prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine if mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) background and hence mitochondrial biochemistry can modulate the efficiency of statin as an anti-prostate cancer agent. METHODS Cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cell lines were constructed that contained a prostate cancer nucleus and either wild type or mutant mtDNA derived from a prostate cancer patient with the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene mutation T6124C (Met74Thr). Multiple clones for each genotype were tested. After treating both wild type and mutant cells with increasing concentrations of simvastatin for 72 hr, cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed. RESULTS Simvastatin inhibited both wild type and mutant cell proliferation. However, cells with the T6124C mtDNA mutation were more resistant to drug treatment than the wild type cells. In addition, analysis of caspase 3 assays and multiple proteins involved in cellular apoptosis demonstrated that mutant cells were more resistant to simvastatin treatment-induced apoptosis than wild type control cells. CONCLUSIONS Simvastatin treatment induced apoptosis in human cybrid prostate cancer cells. The response to drug treatments was different depending on mitochondrial genotype. Therefore, the degree to which statins may affect prostate cancer progression may vary based on an individual's mtDNA background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rebecca S Arnold
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Carrie Q Sun
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - John A Petros
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia
- The Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia
- Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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Arnold RS, Fedewa SA, Goodman M, Osunkoya AO, Kissick HT, Morrissey C, True LD, Petros JA. Bone metastasis in prostate cancer: Recurring mitochondrial DNA mutation reveals selective pressure exerted by the bone microenvironment. Bone 2015; 78:81-6. [PMID: 25952970 PMCID: PMC4466124 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer progression and metastasis occur such that cells with acquired mutations enhancing growth and survival (or inhibiting cell death) increase in number, a concept that has been recognized as analogous to Darwinian evolution of species since Peter C. Nowell's description in 1976. Selective forces include those intrinsic to the host (including metastatic site) as well as those resulting from anti-cancer therapies. By examining the mutational status of multiple tumor sites within an individual patient some insight may be gained into those genetic variants that enhance site-specific metastasis. By comparing these data across multiple individuals, recurrent patterns may identify alterations that are fundamental to successful site-specific metastasis. METHODS We sequenced the mitochondrial genome in 10 prostate cancer patients with bone metastases enrolled in a rapid autopsy program. Patients had late stage disease and received androgen ablation and frequently other systemic therapies. For each of 9 patients, 4 separate tissues were sequenced: the primary prostate cancer, a soft tissue metastasis, a bone metastasis and an uninvolved normal tissue that served as the non-cancerous control. An additional (10th) patient had no primary prostate available for sequencing but had both metastatic sites (and control DNA) sequenced. We then examined the number and location of somatically acquired mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in the primary tumor and two metastatic sites in each individual patient. Finally, we compared patients with each other to determine any common patterns of somatic mutation. RESULTS Somatic mutations were significantly more numerous in the bone compared to either the primary tumor or soft tissue metastases. A missense mutation at nucleotide position (n.p.) 10398 (A10398G; Thr114Ala) in the respiratory complex I gene ND3 was the most common (7 of 10 patients) and was detected only in the bone. Other notable somatic mutations that occurred in more than one patient include a tRNA Arg mutation at n.p. 10436 and a tRNA Thr mutation at n.p. 15928. The tRNA Arg mutation was restricted to bone metastases and occurred in three of 10 patients (30%). Somatic mutation at 15928 was not restricted to the bone and also occurred in three patients. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial genomic variation was greater in metastatic sites than in the primary tumor and bone metastases had statistically significantly greater numbers of somatic mutations than either the primary or the soft tissue metastases. The genome was not mutated randomly. At least one mutational "hot-spot" was identified at the individual base level (nucleotide position 10398 in bone metastases) indicating a pervasive selective pressure for bone metastatic cells that had acquired the 10398 mtDNA mutation. Two additional recurrent mutations (tRNA Arg and tRNA Thr) support the concept of bone site-specific "survival of the fittest" as revealed by variation in the mitochondrial genome and selective pressure exerted by the metastatic site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Arnold
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; The Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Stacey A Fedewa
- Emory University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael Goodman
- Emory University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Adeboye O Osunkoya
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; The Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA; Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Haydn T Kissick
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Colm Morrissey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lawrence D True
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - John A Petros
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; The Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA; Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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15
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Sung SY, Wu IH, Chuang PH, Petros JA, Wu HC, Zeng HJ, Huang WC, Chung LWK, Hsieh CL. Targeting L1 cell adhesion molecule expression using liposome-encapsulated siRNA suppresses prostate cancer bone metastasis and growth. Oncotarget 2015; 5:9911-29. [PMID: 25294816 PMCID: PMC4259447 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) has been implicated in tumor progression of many types of cancers, but its role in prostate cancer and its application in targeted gene therapy have not been investigated. Herein, we demonstrated that the L1CAM was expressed in androgen-insensitive and highly metastatic human prostate cancer cell lines. The correlation between L1CAM expression and prostate cancer metastasis was also validated in serum samples of prostate cancer patients. Knockdown of L1CAM expression in prostate cancer cells by RNA interference significantly decreased their aggressive behaviors, including colony formation, migration and invasion in vitro, and tumor formation in a metastatic murine model. These anti-malignant phenotypes of L1CAM-knockdown cancer cells were accompanied by G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and suppression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 expression and nuclear factor NF-κB activation. In vivo targeting of L1CAM expression using liposome-encapsulated L1CAM siRNAs effectively inhibited prostate cancer growth in mouse bone, which was associated with decreased L1CAM expression and cell proliferation by tumor cells. These results provide the first evidence for L1CAM being a major contributor to prostate cancer metastasis and translational application of siRNA-based L1CAM-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shian-Ying Sung
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - I-Hui Wu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Pei-Hsin Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - John A Petros
- Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. Department of Urology, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur GA, USA
| | - Hsi-Chin Wu
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Jie Zeng
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chien Huang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Leland W K Chung
- Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chia-Ling Hsieh
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan
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16
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Keith CG, Arnold RS, Petros JA. Mitochondrial DNA mutations in prostate cancer bone metastases. J Nat Sci 2015; 1:e147. [PMID: 31728409 PMCID: PMC6854659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common non-skin cancer in men. Those with local or regional disease often have good long-term prognosis, but patients with metastatic disease face high morbidity and mortality. The vast majority of cases with distant spread have some degree of bony involvement. The reason for the disproportionately high percentage of metastasis to bone relative to other metastatic sites remains unclear. A growing body of evidence suggests mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is associated with prostate cancer, and the effects of mtDNA on tumor growth may be augmented by the bone microenvironment. Here, we review our latest study analyzing mtDNA mutations in 10 patients with advanced prostate cancer and both bone and soft tissue metastases. This cohort of patients had significantly increased somatic mtDNA mutations in bone metastasis compared to paired primary tumor and soft tissue metastasis. In addition, a recurrent mtDNA mutation at nucleotide position 10398, was exclusively found in bone metastasis in 7 of 10 patients with advanced prostate cancer, with no such mutations found in paired benign prostate, primary tumor, or soft tissue metastasis. We describe the results from this work and review the relevant literature on the role of mitochondrial DNA in prostate cancer bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G. Keith
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rebecca S. Arnold
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- The Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - John A. Petros
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- The Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
- Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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17
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Dobbs RW, Hugar LA, Revenig LM, Al-Qassab S, Petros JA, Ritenour CW, Issa MM, Canter DJ. Incidence and clinical characteristics of lower urinary tract symptoms as a presenting symptom for patients with newly diagnosed bladder cancer. Int Braz J Urol 2014; 40:198-203. [PMID: 24856486 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2014.02.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) as the sole presenting symptom for bladder cancer has traditionally been reported to be low. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of newly diagnosed bladder cancer patients who presented with LUTS in the absence of gross or microscopic hematuria. MATERIALS AND METHODS We queried our database of bladder cancer patients at the Atlanta Veteran's Affairs Medical Center (AVAMC) to identify patients who presented solely with LUTS and were subsequently diagnosed with bladder cancer. Demographic, clinical, and pathologic variables were examined. RESULTS 4.1% (14/340) of bladder cancer patients in our series presented solely with LUTS. Mean age and Charlson Co-morbidity Index of these patients was 66.4 years (range = 52-83) and 3 (range = 0-7), respectively. Of the 14 patients in our cohort presenting with LUTS, 9 (64.3%), 4 (28.6%), and 1 (7.1%) patients presented with clinical stage Ta, carcinoma in Situ (CIS), and T2 disease. At a median follow-up of 3.79 years, recurrence occurred in 7 (50.0%) patients with progression occurring in 1 (7.1%) patient. 11 (78.6%) patients were alive and currently disease free, and 3 (21.4%) patients had died, with only one (7.1%) death attributable to bladder cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our database shows a 4.1% incidence of LUTS as the sole presenting symptom in patients with newly diagnosed bladder cancer. This study suggests that urologists should have a low threshold for evaluating patients with unexplained LUTS for underlying bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W Dobbs
- Department of Urology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lee A Hugar
- Department of Urology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Louis M Revenig
- Department of Urology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - SiUsama Al-Qassab
- Department of Urology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John A Petros
- Department of Urology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Chad W Ritenour
- Department of Urology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Muta M Issa
- Department of Urology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Daniel J Canter
- Department of Urology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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18
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Xu J, Long Q, Osunkoya AO, Sannigrahi S, Johnson BA, Zhou W, Gillespie T, Park JY, Nam RK, Sugar L, Stanimirovic A, Seth AK, Petros JA, Moreno CS. Abstract C68: Global transcriptome sequencing of ethnically diverse formalin-fixed patient samples identifies biomarkers of recurrence in prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.disp13-c68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death in American men, but biomarkers that can predict outcome following treatment are urgently needed to identify patients with aggressive disease. In an effort to identify biomarkers of recurrence, we have performed global RNA-sequencing on 106 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) prostatectomy samples from 100 patients at three independent sites, and identified a new set of biomarkers of biochemical recurrence composed of a 24-gene panel including 22 protein-coding genes and two non-coding genes. We observed excellent correlation between TaqMan and RNAseq values, as well as for RNAseq between replicate libraries. We validated this 24-gene panel on an independent publicly available dataset of 140 patients and this new panel outperformed previously published markers based on cell proliferation gene sets. In addition, we have identified genes that are differentially expressed between African-American and Caucasian prostate cancer patients, and mitochondrial SNPs that are associated with both race and outcome. We observed a number of genes relevant to prostate cancer biology including ETV5, ZEB1, ZEB2, B2M, FYN, and miR-183 that were differentially expressed between African-American and Caucasian patients. These genes may play a role in the disparities observed in African-American patients who have significantly worse outcomes relative to Caucasian patients with prostate cancer.
Citation Format: Jianpeng Xu, Qi Long, Adeboye O. Osunkoya, Soma Sannigrahi, Brent A. Johnson, Wei Zhou, Theresa Gillespie, Jong Y. Park, Robert K. Nam, Linda Sugar, Aleksandra Stanimirovic, Arun K. Seth, John A. Petros, Carlos S. Moreno. Global transcriptome sequencing of ethnically diverse formalin-fixed patient samples identifies biomarkers of recurrence in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr C68. doi:10.1158/1538-7755.DISP13-C68
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qi Long
- 1Emory University, Atlanta, GA,
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19
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Long Q, Xu J, Osunkoya AO, Sannigrahi S, Johnson BA, Zhou W, Gillespie T, Park JY, Nam RK, Sugar L, Stanimirovic A, Seth AK, Petros JA, Moreno CS. Global transcriptome analysis of formalin-fixed prostate cancer specimens identifies biomarkers of disease recurrence. Cancer Res 2014; 74:3228-37. [PMID: 24713434 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-2699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death in American men and there is an unmet need for biomarkers to identify patients with aggressive disease. In an effort to identify biomarkers of recurrence, we performed global RNA sequencing on 106 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded prostatectomy samples from 100 patients at three independent sites, defining a 24-gene signature panel. The 24 genes in this panel function in cell-cycle progression, angiogenesis, hypoxia, apoptosis, PI3K signaling, steroid metabolism, translation, chromatin modification, and transcription. Sixteen genes have been associated with cancer, with five specifically associated with prostate cancer (BTG2, IGFBP3, SIRT1, MXI1, and FDPS). Validation was performed on an independent publicly available dataset of 140 patients, where the new signature panel outperformed markers published previously in terms of predicting biochemical recurrence. Our work also identified differences in gene expression between Gleason pattern 4 + 3 and 3 + 4 tumors, including several genes involved in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and developmental pathways. Overall, this study defines a novel biomarker panel that has the potential to improve the clinical management of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Long
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Jianpeng Xu
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Adeboye O Osunkoya
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department o
| | - Soma Sannigrahi
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Brent A Johnson
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Wei Zhou
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department o
| | - Theresa Gillespie
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Jong Y Park
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Robert K Nam
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Linda Sugar
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Aleksandra Stanimirovic
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Arun K Seth
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario
| | - John A Petros
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department o
| | - Carlos S Moreno
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, OntarioAuthors' Affiliations: Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Urology, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, and Surgery; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; and Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario
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Sun Q, Sun CQ, Arnold RS, Petros JA. MP52-01 A MITOCHONDRIAL DNA MUTATION IN CYTOCHROME OXIDASE I CONFERS RESISTANCE TO SIMVASTATIN INDUCED APOPTOSIS IN PROSTATE CANCER. J Urol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.1611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Lian F, Sreedharan S, Arnold RS, Master VA, Ogan K, Pattaras JG, Roberts DL, Ressler K, Petros JA. MP23-15 VON HIPPEL-LINDAU EXONIC METHYLATION ANALYSIS USING MALDI-TOF MASS SPECTROMETRY. J Urol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shrewsberry AB, Al-Qassab U, Goodman M, Petros JA, Sullivan JW, Ritenour CWM, Issa MM. A +20% adjustment in the computed tomography measured ureteral length is an accurate predictor of true ureteral length before ureteral stent placement. J Endourol 2013; 27:1041-5. [PMID: 23537290 DOI: 10.1089/end.2013.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The correct length of a ureteral stent is important in minimizing postplacement discomfort and stent migration. We describe and validate a method to accurately measure the ureteral length. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ureteral length in 48 patients undergoing ureteral stent placement for urolithiasis was measured by computed tomography (CT) (total thickness of axial slices between the ureteropelvic junction and ureterovesical junction) and adjusted up by 20%. The adjusted CT measurement of ureteral length was compared with direct intraoperative measurement using scatter plot and Pearson correlation coefficient. Correlation coefficients were also calculated between intraoperative ureteral length and various body habitus measurements such as the height, weight, and waist circumference. RESULTS Median patient age was 62 years. The median stone diameter was 7.5 mm (1-20). The ratio of left- to right-sided stones was 2:1. The stone location was in the proximal ureter in 45.8%, distal ureter in 37.5%, kidney in 10.4%, and midureter in 6.3%. Symptoms included adnominal/flank pain (93.8%) followed by nausea/vomiting (39.6%) and gross hematuria (16.7%). Median creatinine was 1.4 (0.8-3.6 mg/dl) and median WBC was 8.6 (2.8-17.6). The median ureteral length was 25.8 cm (19.2-29.4) on the CT scan and 25.5 cm (19.0-29.0) on the intraoperative measurement (p=0.57). The Pearson correlation coefficient between the two measurements was 0.979. In contrast, the height, weight, and waist circumference correlated poorly with intraoperative ureteral length measurements (r=0.34, 0.19, and 0.40, respectively). CONCLUSION CT-measured ureteral length adjusted up by 20% is a reliable method to accurately measure the true ureteral length. This method is superior to traditional indirect methods that rely on body habitus measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam B Shrewsberry
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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23
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Issa MM, Al-Qassab UA, Hall J, Ritenour CWM, Petros JA, Sullivan JW. Formalin disinfection of biopsy needle minimizes the risk of sepsis following prostate biopsy. J Urol 2013; 190:1769-75. [PMID: 23714433 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.04.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We describe a simple and effective method to reduce the risk of infection after prostate biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1,642 consecutive prostate biopsy procedures during a 4-year period (2008 to 2012) were included in the study. Inclusion criteria consisted of pre-biopsy negative urine culture, bisacodyl enema and fluoroquinolone antibiotics (3 days). Formalin (10%) was used to disinfect the needle tip after each biopsy core. All patients were monitored for post-biopsy infection. The rate of infection was compared to that of a historical series of 990 procedures. Two ex vivo experiments were conducted to test the disinfectant effectiveness of formalin against fluoroquinolone resistant Escherichia coli, and another experiment was performed to quantitate formalin exposure. RESULTS Post-biopsy clinical sepsis with positive urine and blood cultures (quinolone resistant E. coli) developed in 2 patients (0.122%). Both patients were hospitalized, treated with intravenous antibiotics and had a full recovery without long-term sequelae. Mild uncomplicated urinary infection developed in 3 additional patients (0.183%). All were treated with outpatient oral antibiotics and had a complete recovery. The overall rate of urinary infection and sepsis using formalin disinfection was approximately a third of that of a prior series (0.30% vs 0.80%, p=0.13). Ex vivo experiments showed a complete lack of growth of fluoroquinolone resistant E. coli on blood and MacConkey agars after exposure to formalin. The amount of formalin exposure was negligible and well within the safe parameters of the Environmental Protection Agency. CONCLUSIONS Formalin disinfection of the biopsy needle after each prostate biopsy core is associated with a low incidence of urinary infection and sepsis. This technique is simple, effective and cost neutral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muta M Issa
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
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24
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Sreedharan S, Arnold RS, Kerley K, Mercer KB, Ressler K, Master VA, Ogan K, Roberts DL, Pattaras JG, Petros JA. 610 DEVELOPMENT OF A TEST FOR RCC BY DETECTION OF VHL MUTATIONS IN TISSUE AND FLUIDS OF PATIENTS WITH RENAL CELL CARCINOMA. J Urol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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25
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Herrel L, Echt KV, Lipscomb JL, Britan L, Goodman M, Gillespie TW, Petros JA. 545 FACTORS AFFECTING DECISION MAKING FOR TREATMENT OPTIONS IN AFRICAN AMERICAN MEN WITH PROSTATE CANCER. J Urol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mays SG, Baillie MT, Miller EJ, Bushnev AS, Pruett ST, Culver DG, Evers TJ, Gao J, Reddy GP, Natchus MG, Arrendale RF, Howard RB, Liotta DC, Petros JA. 330 FLUORINATION OF ENIGMOL IMPROVES TISSUE UPTAKE AND AFFECTS
IN VIVO
PROSTATE CANCER EFFICACY. J Urol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.1715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Sun Q, Kalkreuter RE, Sun CQ, Arnold RS, Petros JA. 215 MITOCHONDRIAL DNA MUTATIONS ENHANCE PROLIFERATION VIA MODULATION OF CELLULAR NITRIC OXIDE, AN EFFECT AMENABLE TO PHARMACOLOGIC MANIPULATION. J Urol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.1595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sun CQ, Arnold RS, Petros JA. 1160 HUMAN BETA DEFENSIN-1 INHIBITS RETROVIRAL TRANSDUCTION. J Urol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Moreno CS, Long Q, Sannigrahi S, Xu J, Johnson BA, Zhou W, Nam RK, Seth A, Gillespie TW, Osunkoya AO, Petros JA. RNAseq Analysis of FFPE Radical Prostatectomy Specimens Identifies Predictors of Biochemical Recurrence. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.471.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Qi Long
- Biostatistics and BioinformaticsEmory UniversityAtlantaGA
| | | | - Jianpeng Xu
- Biomedical InformaticsEmory UniversityAtlantaGA
| | | | - Wei Zhou
- Hematology and Medical OncologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGA
| | - Robert K Nam
- Division of UrologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Arun Seth
- Laboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
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Sun Q, Arnold RS, Petros JA. 791 PROSTATE CANCER PROMOTING MUTATIONS OF THE COI GENE ASSOCIATED WITH G PROTEIN DYSREGULATION. J Urol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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31
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Sun CQ, Arnold RS, Petros JA. 1136 URINE HUMAN BETA DEFENSIN-1: A NATURAL BLADDER CANCER INHIBITOR. J Urol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Scott TA, Arnold RS, Petros JA. Mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit 1 Sequence Variation in Prostate Cancer. Scientifica (Cairo) 2012; 2012:701810. [PMID: 24124627 PMCID: PMC3795349 DOI: 10.6064/2012/701810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene mutations have been described in nearly every adult solid neoplasm including prostate cancer. There are marked racial differences in specific inherited mutations within the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene in individuals with prostate cancer (PCa). The purpose of this study was to identify the variation in COI gene sequence in prostate cancer patients and to compare the mutations in African and Caucasian Americans. MATERIALS AND METHODS We sequenced the COI gene in DNA derived from peripheral blood in 482 prostate cancer patients and 189 controls. All bases that differed from the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS) were classified as either silent (non-amino acid altering) or missense (amino acid altering) and the compiled alterations were then compared between races and published reports of mutations in this gene in both Caucasian and African-Americans. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS We found inherited mtDNA COI missense variants in 8.8% of Caucasian prostate cancer patients (vs. 0.0% controls) and 72.8 % of African-American prostate cancer patients (vs. 64.3% controls) A total of 144 COI variants were identified, of which 30 were missense mutations. Of 482 PCa patients, 116 (24.1%) had one or more missense mutations. Further evaluation of this gene and these mutations may allow for the identification of genetically at-risk populations. The high rate of COI mutations in African-Americans may account for some of the racial disparity observed in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takara A. Scott
- Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rebecca S. Arnold
- Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - John A. Petros
- Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Garnier-Amblard EC, Mays SG, Arrendale RF, Baillie MT, Bushnev AS, Culver DG, Evers TJ, Holt JJ, Howard RB, Liebeskind LS, Menaldino DS, Natchus MG, Petros JA, Ramaraju H, Reddy GP, Liotta DC. Novel synthesis and biological evaluation of enigmols as therapeutic agents for treating prostate cancer. ACS Med Chem Lett 2011; 2:438-43. [PMID: 24900327 DOI: 10.1021/ml2000164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Enigmol is a synthetic, orally active 1-deoxysphingoid base analogue that has demonstrated promising activity against prostate cancer. In these studies, the pharmacologic roles of stereochemistry and N-methylation in the structure of enigmols were examined. A novel enantioselective synthesis of all four possible 2S-diastereoisomers of enigmol (2-aminooctadecane-3,5-diols) from l-alanine is reported, which features a Liebeskind-Srogl cross-coupling reaction between l-alanine thiol ester and (E)-pentadec-1-enylboronic acid as the key step. In vitro biological evaluation of the four enigmol diastereoisomers and 2S,3S,5S-N-methylenigmol against two prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3 and LNCaP) indicates that all but one diastereomer demonstrate potent oncolytic activity. In nude mouse xenograft models of human prostate cancer, enigmol was equally effective as standard prostate cancer therapies (androgen deprivation or docetaxel), and two of the enigmol diastereomers, 2S,3S,5R-enigmol and 2S,3R,5S-enigmol, also caused statistically significant inhibition of tumor growth. A pharmacokinetic profile of enigmol and N-methylenigmol is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethel C. Garnier-Amblard
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Suzanne G. Mays
- School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Richard F. Arrendale
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Mark T. Baillie
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Anatoliy S. Bushnev
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Deborah G. Culver
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Taylor J. Evers
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Jason J. Holt
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Randy B. Howard
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Lanny S. Liebeskind
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - David S. Menaldino
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Michael G. Natchus
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - John A. Petros
- School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30033, United States
| | - Harsha Ramaraju
- School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - G. Prabhakar Reddy
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Dennis C. Liotta
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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Long Q, Johnson BA, Osunkoya AO, Lai YH, Zhou W, Abramovitz M, Xia M, Bouzyk MB, Nam RK, Sugar L, Stanimirovic A, Williams DJ, Leyland-Jones BR, Seth AK, Petros JA, Moreno CS. Protein-coding and microRNA biomarkers of recurrence of prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy. Am J Pathol 2011; 179:46-54. [PMID: 21703393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
An important challenge in prostate cancer research is to develop effective predictors of tumor recurrence following surgery to determine whether immediate adjuvant therapy is warranted. To identify biomarkers predictive of biochemical recurrence, we isolated the RNA from 70 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded radical prostatectomy specimens with known long-term outcomes to perform DASL expression profiling with a custom panel that we designed of 522 prostate cancer-relevant genes. We identified a panel of 10 protein-coding genes and two miRNA genes (RAD23B, FBP1, TNFRSF1A, CCNG2, NOTCH3, ETV1, BID, SIM2, LETMD1, ANXA1, miR-519d, and miR-647) that could be used to separate patients with and without biochemical recurrence (P < 0.001), as well as for the subset of 42 Gleason score 7 patients (P < 0.001). We performed an independent validation analysis on 40 samples and found that the biomarker panel was also significant at prediction of biochemical recurrence for all cases (P = 0.013) and for a subset of 19 Gleason score 7 cases (P = 0.010), both of which were adjusted for relevant clinical information including T-stage, prostate-specific antigen, and Gleason score. Importantly, these biomarkers could significantly predict clinical recurrence for Gleason score 7 patients. These biomarkers may increase the accuracy of prognostication following radical prostatectomy using formalin-fixed specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Long
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Harris WB, Lingerfelt BM, Chen Z, Kucuk O, Osunkoya AO, Pattaras JG, Ogan K, Nieh PT, Petros JA, Young AN, Marshall FF, Master V. Abstract 5169: Simple perioperative algorithm for serum C-reactive protein: A potent, independent, adverse prognostic factor for renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-5169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Approximately 20 to 30% of patients who undergo nephrectomy with curative intent for kidney cancer will recur and die of the disease. No adjuvant therapy has been shown to reduce the risk of relapse. Risk of recurrence is largely based on T stage, Fuhrman nuclear grade and nodal status allowing the frequency of surveillance to be adjusted based on low, intermediate and high risk categories. Though C-reactive protein (CRP) has long been recognized as an adverse prognostic factor for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), it has not been incorporated into the risk stratification protocols of current adjuvant clinical trials. Methods: Patients with clinically localized (T1-T3N0M0) ccRCC were followed for 1 year postoperatively. Metastases were identified radiographically and mortality confirmed with the social security death registry. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses examined 1-year relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) across patient and disease characteristics. Serum CRP levels were measured prior to nephrectomy and approximately one month after surgery. Patients were assigned retrospectively to the pCRP(+) group if the perioperative (either preoperative or postoperative) serum CRP level was >10 mg/L. All others were assigned to the pCRP(−) group. Results: Of the 109 patients in the study, 17 patients (15.6%) developed metastases and 6 died (5.5%). The pCRP algorithm was employed to ascertain risk of recurrence with 25 patients assigned to the high risk category and 84 patients to the low risk category. Fourteen of 25 patients in the pCRP(+) group recurred at 1 year including all 6 who died. Only 3 of the remaining 84 patients in the pCRP(−) group recurred with no deaths. The sensitivity and specificity of the pCRP algorithm for metastasis were 82% and 88%, respectively, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 56% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 96%. The sensitivity and specificity of the pCRP algorithm for mortality were 100% and 82%, respectively, with a PPV of 24% and a NPV of 100%. The p values for metastasis and mortality were both <0.0001. The pCRP algorithm appears to be independent of T-stage and Furhman nuclear grade. Conclusions: When applied retrospectively, the pCRP algorithm accurately identified patients among those considered to be at low risk of recurrence whose actual risk was, in fact, extremely high. The pCRP algorithm also identified patients considered to be at high risk whose actual risk may be somewhat lower. The high NPV of the pCRP algorithm may allow patients in the pCRP(−) group to be spared the potential toxicity and expense of adjuvant therapy. External validation of the pCRP algorithm is needed to establish CRP as a clinically relevant biomarker with a potential role as a novel therapeutic target for ccRCC.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5169. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5169
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne B. Harris
- 1Emory Winship Cancer Institute and Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | - Omer Kucuk
- 2Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | | | | | - John A. Petros
- 1Emory Winship Cancer Institute and Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, GA
| | - Andrew N. Young
- 3Emory Winship Cancer Institute and Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA
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Moreno CS, Long Q, Johnson BA, Osunkoya AO, Zhou W, Abramovitz M, Xia M, Bouzyk MB, Nam RK, Sugar L, Stanimirovic A, Leyland‐Jones BR, Petros JA, Seth AK. Protein‐coding and MicroRNA Biomarkers of Recurrence of Prostate Cancer Following Radical Prostatectomy. FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.243.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos S. Moreno
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- Winship Cancer InstituteAtlantaGA
| | - Qi Long
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics
- Winship Cancer InstituteAtlantaGA
| | | | | | - Wei Zhou
- Hematology and Medical Oncology
- Winship Cancer InstituteAtlantaGA
| | - Mark Abramovitz
- Pathology and OncologyJewish General HospitalMontrealQCCanada
| | | | | | - Robert K Nam
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Linda Sugar
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | | | | | - John A Petros
- UrologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGA
- Atlanta VA Medical CenterDecaturGA
| | - Arun K Seth
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
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Czarnecka AM, Krawczyk T, Plak K, Klemba A, Zdrozny M, Arnold RS, Kofler B, Golik P, Szybinska A, Lubinski J, Mossakowska M, Bartnik E, Petros JA. Mitochondrial genotype and breast cancer predisposition. Oncol Rep 2011; 24:1521-34. [PMID: 21042748 DOI: 10.3892/or_00001014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Despite recent advances in breast cancer research, a comprehensive set of genetic markers of increased breast cancer risk remain elusive. Recently mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations have been found in many types of cancer, including breast cancer. To investigate the possible role of mitochondrial genetics in breast cancer predisposition and biology we analyzed the D-loop sequence of cancer patients and assigned mitochondrial haplogroup using RFLP analysis. We detected a significantly greater incidence of mtDNA polymorphisms T239C, A263G and C16207T and a significant lower incidence of A73G, C150T, T16183C, T16189C, C16223T, T16362C in patients with breast cancer compared to database controls. The mitochondrial haplogroup distribution in patients with breast cancer differs from a group of cancer-free controls and the general Polish population in that haplogroup I is over-represented in individuals with cancer. These findings suggest that mitochondrial haplogroup I as well as other polymorphic variants defined by SNPs in the D-loop may be associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Czarnecka
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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Liu J, Lau SK, Varma VA, Moffitt RA, Caldwell M, Liu T, Young AN, Petros JA, Osunkoya AO, Krogstad T, Leyland-Jones B, Wang MD, Nie S. Molecular mapping of tumor heterogeneity on clinical tissue specimens with multiplexed quantum dots. ACS Nano 2010; 4:2755-65. [PMID: 20377268 PMCID: PMC2923482 DOI: 10.1021/nn100213v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity is one of the most important and challenging problems not only in studying the mechanisms of cancer development but also in developing therapeutics to eradicate cancer cells. Here we report the use of multiplexed quantum dots (QDs) and wavelength-resolved spectral imaging for molecular mapping of tumor heterogeneity on human prostate cancer tissue specimens. By using a panel of just four protein biomarkers (E-cadherin, high-molecular-weight cytokeratin, p63, and alpha-methylacyl CoA racemase), we show that structurally distinct prostate glands and single cancer cells can be detected and characterized within the complex microenvironments of radical prostatectomy and needle biopsy tissue specimens. The results reveal extensive tumor heterogeneity at the molecular, cellular, and architectural levels, allowing direct visualization of human prostate glands undergoing structural transitions from a double layer of basal and luminal cells to a single layer of malignant cells. For clinical diagnostic applications, multiplexed QD mapping provides correlated molecular and morphological information that is not available from traditional tissue staining and molecular profiling methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, 101 Woodruff Circle Suite 2001, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Stephen K. Lau
- Atlanta Veteran Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), Decatur, Georgia, 30033
| | - Vijay A. Varma
- Atlanta Veteran Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), Decatur, Georgia, 30033
| | - Richard A. Moffitt
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Matthew Caldwell
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Tao Liu
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, 101 Woodruff Circle Suite 2001, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Andrew N. Young
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - John A. Petros
- Atlanta Veteran Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), Decatur, Georgia, 30033
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Adeboye O. Osunkoya
- Atlanta Veteran Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), Decatur, Georgia, 30033
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Tracey Krogstad
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Brian Leyland-Jones
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - May D. Wang
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Shuming Nie
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, 101 Woodruff Circle Suite 2001, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
- Address correspondence to
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Czarnecka AM, Klemba A, Krawczyk T, Zdrozny M, Arnold RS, Bartnik E, Petros JA. Mitochondrial NADH-dehydrogenase polymorphisms as sporadic breast cancer risk factor. Oncol Rep 2010; 23:531-535. [PMID: 20043118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed female cancer all over the world. Although the molecular genetics of this disease has been the focus of many projects for over 20 years, the number of prognostic markers used in clinics is still unsatisfactory. Mitochondrial DNA mutations have been reported in many breast cancer studies. To investigate the possible role of mitochondrial inherited polymorphisms in breast cancer development we analyzed the sequence of NADH-dehydrogenase genes in cancer samples and their corresponding normal tissues. We detected increased incidence of mtDNA polymorphisms, in particular very rare polymorphisms such as A4727G, G9947A, A10044G, A10283G, T11233C, and C11503T. Our report supports the notion that mtDNA polymorphisms establish a specific genetic background for breast cancer development and that mtDNA analysis may help in selection of cohorts that should undergo intensive screening and early detection programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Czarnecka
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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40
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Moses KA, Abd TT, Goodman M, Hsiao W, Hall JA, Marshall FF, Petros JA, Issa MM. Increased low density lipoprotein and increased likelihood of positive prostate biopsy in black americans. J Urol 2009; 182:2219-25. [PMID: 19758611 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2009.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Differences in prostate cancer incidence, grade and stage at diagnosis, and survival in black vs nonblack men are well documented. Recent studies indicate that lipids may have a role in oncogenesis, including that of prostate cancer. We investigated the relationship between circulating lipids in black and nonblack patients, and newly diagnosed prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population included consecutive patients who underwent prostate biopsy for increased prostate specific antigen and/or abnormal digital rectal examination at Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Age, race, prostate specific antigen, prostate volume, body mass index, family history, high and low density lipoprotein, triglyceride and cholesterol lowering medications were included in data analysis. RESULTS A total of 1,775 men with complete information were included in data analysis. A total of 521 black and 451 white men had positive biopsies. Using 100 mg/dl or less as the referent the adjusted OR reflecting the association of low density lipoprotein and prostate cancer diagnosis in black men was 1.49 (95% CI 1.04-2.13, p = 0.031), 1.51 (95% CI 0.96-2.39, p = 0.076) and 3.24 (95% CI 1.59-6.92, p = 0.002) for low density lipoprotein greater than 100 to 130, greater than 130 to 160 and greater than 160 mg/dl, respectively. Corresponding results in nonblack men showed no significant association. CONCLUSIONS Increased serum low density lipoprotein is associated with an increased likelihood of prostate cancer diagnosis in black men but not in nonblack men. This association is strongest in the highest low density lipoprotein risk category. The reasons for the racial differences are unknown but may include genetic, dietary or other environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin A Moses
- Department of Urology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30033, USA
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41
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Ray AM, Zuhlke KA, Levin AM, Douglas JA, Cooney KA, Petros JA. Sequence variation in the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and prostate cancer in African American men. Prostate 2009; 69:956-60. [PMID: 19267350 PMCID: PMC2729404 DOI: 10.1002/pros.20943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have found associations between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and several cancer types. Recently, we found that mutations in the mtDNA gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) were both linked to and associated with prostate cancer (PCa) in Caucasian men. Here we examine the association between COI mutations and PCa in African American men. METHODS The entire COI gene was directly sequenced in 132 PCa cases and 135 controls from the Flint Men's Health Study, a community-based sample of African American men with and without PCa. Associations between all variants and PCa were evaluated. RESULTS We identified 102 COI single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including 15 missense variants. Overall, the presence of one or more COI missense variants was not significantly associated with PCa. Individually, two SNPs (T6221C and T7389C) were significantly associated with prostate cancer (P < 0.05) and in strong linkage disequilibrium with each other (r(2) > 0.6). CONCLUSIONS Of the two significantly associated SNPs, one is a synonymous substitution and the other is part of the African-specific mitochondrial haplogroup (L). Additional research will be needed to determine the clinical relevance of these associations in African populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Ray
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kimberly A. Zuhlke
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Albert M. Levin
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Julie A. Douglas
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kathleen A. Cooney
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - John A. Petros
- The Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Correspondence to: John A. Petros, 1365 Clifton Road, Clinic B, Atlanta, GA 30041.
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Petros JA, Lai YH, Seth A, Osunkoya AO, Zhou W, Johnson BA, Nam R, Barwick B, Abramovitz M, Bouzyk M, Leyland-Jones B, Moreno CS. PROTEIN-CODING AND MICRORNA BIOMARKER GENE PANELS PREDICTIVE OF CLINICAL RECURRENCE IN PROSTATE CANCER. J Urol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(09)62162-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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43
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Moreno CS, Lai Y, Seth A, Osunkoya AO, Zhou W, Petros JA, Johnson BA, Nam RK, Barwick BG, Abramovitz M, Bouzyk M, Leyland‐Jones BR. Protein‐coding and MicroRNA Biomarker Gene Panels Predictive of Clinical Recurrence in Prostate Cancer. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.361.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos S Moreno
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineEmory UniversityAtlantaGA
- Winship Cancer InstituteAtlantaGA
| | - Yu‐Heng Lai
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineEmory UniversityAtlantaGA
| | - Arun Seth
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Adeboye O Osunkoya
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineEmory UniversityAtlantaGA
- Urology DepartmentAtlanta VA Medical CenterDecaturGA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Winship Cancer InstituteAtlantaGA
- Hematology and Medical Oncology
| | - John A Petros
- Urology DepartmentAtlanta VA Medical CenterDecaturGA
- Urology Department
| | | | - Robert K Nam
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | | | | | - Mark Bouzyk
- Winship Cancer InstituteAtlantaGA
- Human GeneticsEmory UniversityAtlantaGA
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44
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Czarnecka AM, Krawczyk T, Zdrozny M, Lubiński J, Arnold RS, Kukwa W, Scińska A, Golik P, Bartnik E, Petros JA. Mitochondrial NADH-dehydrogenase subunit 3 (ND3) polymorphism (A10398G) and sporadic breast cancer in Poland. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2009; 121:511-8. [PMID: 19266278 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-009-0358-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are subcellular organelles that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). As suggested over 70 years ago by Otto Warburg and recently confirmed with molecular techniques, alterations in respiratory activity and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) appear to be common features of malignant cells. Somatic mtDNA mutations have been reported in many types of cancer cells, but very few reports document the prevalence of inherited mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms in cancer patients compared to healthy control populations. Here we report the abundance of the 10398G polymorphism in a Polish breast cancer population and its frequency in controls. Amongst individuals with breast cancer the G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is present in 23% of affected females compared to 3% of controls. This difference is highly statistically significant (P = 0.0008). It is therefore possible that the 10398G SNP constitutes an inherited predisposition factor for the development of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Czarnecka
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, ul Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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Arnold RS, Sun CQ, Richards JC, Grigoriev G, Coleman IM, Nelson PS, Hsieh CL, Lee JK, Xu Z, Rogatko A, Osunkoya AO, Zayzafoon M, Chung L, Petros JA. Mitochondrial DNA mutation stimulates prostate cancer growth in bone stromal environment. Prostate 2009; 69:1-11. [PMID: 18850577 PMCID: PMC2753601 DOI: 10.1002/pros.20854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, inherited and somatically acquired, are common in clinical prostate cancer. We have developed model systems designed to study specific mtDNA mutations in controlled experiments. Because prostate cancer frequently metastasizes to bone we tested the hypothesis that mtDNA mutations enhance prostate cancer growth and survival in the bone microenvironment. METHODS The pathogenic nucleotide position (np) 8993 mDNA mutation was introduced into PC3 prostate cancer cells by cybrid formation. Wild-type and mutant cybrids were grown as nude mouse subcutaneous xenografts with or without bone stromal cell co-inoculation. Cybrids were also grown in the intratibial space. Tumor growth was assayed by direct tumor measurement and luciferase chemiluminescence. Gene expression was assayed using cDNA microarrays confirmed by real time PCR, western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Cybrids with the 8,993 mtDNA mutation grew faster than wild-type cybrids. Further growth acceleration was demonstrated in the bone microenvironment. A 37 gene molecular signature characterized the growth advantage conferred by the mtDNA mutation and bone microenvironment. Two genes of known importance in clinical prostate cancer, FGF1 and FAK, were found to be substantially upregulated only when both mtDNA mutation and bone stromal cell were present. CONCLUSIONS The ATP6 np 8,993 mtDNA mutation confers a growth advantage to human prostate cancer that is most fully manifest in the bone microenvironment. The identification of specific molecular alterations associated with mtDNA mutation and growth in bone may allow new understanding of prostate cancer bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S. Arnold
- Department of Urology Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta GA 30322
- Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta GA 30322
| | - Carrie Q. Sun
- Department of Urology Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta GA 30322
| | - Jendai C. Richards
- Department of Urology Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta GA 30322
| | - Galina Grigoriev
- Department of Urology Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta GA 30322
| | - Ilsa M. Coleman
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Seattle, WA
| | - Peter S. Nelson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Seattle, WA
| | - Chia-Ling Hsieh
- Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jae K. Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Emory University School of Medicine
| | - Andre Rogatko
- Department of Biostatistics, Emory University School of Medicine
| | - Adeboye O. Osunkoya
- Department of Urology Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta GA 30322
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur 30033
| | - Majd Zayzafoon
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, 35294
| | - Leland Chung
- Department of Urology Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta GA 30322
- Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta GA 30322
| | - John A. Petros
- Department of Urology Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta GA 30322
- Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta GA 30322
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur 30033
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Abd TT, Goodman M, Hall JA, Petros JA, Marshall FF, Issa MM. PROSTATE CANCER DIAGNOSIS IS INDEPENDENT OF THE NUMBER OF CORES OBTAINED AT BIOPSY. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)62087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Arnold RS, Chung LWK, Farach-Carson MC, Huang WC, Lue HW, Marshall FF, Opdenaker L, Osunkoya AO, Petros JA, Rogatko A, Sung SY, Tighiouart M, True LD, Vessella R, Wang R, Xu Z, Zayzafoon M, Zhang C, Zhau HE. PROSTATE CANCER BONE METASTASIS: REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES, GROWTH FACTORS AND HEPARAN SULFATE PROTEOGLYCANS PROVIDE A SIGNALING TRIAD THAT SUPPORTS PROGRESSION. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)60558-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Arnold RS, Sun CQ, Richards J, Coleman I, Nelson P, Ramaraju H, Chung LWK, Lee J, Marshall FF, Petros JA. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA MUTATION ENABLES GROWTH OF PROSTATE CANCER IN BONE BY ACTIVATING SPECIFIC SIGNALING PATHWAYS. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)60303-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Arnold RS, Patel MF, Marshall FF, Petros JA. PROSTATE CANCER PATIENTS HAVE BOTH INHERITED AND SOMATIC MITOCHONDRIAL DNA MUTATIONS. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)60309-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Xing Y, Chaudry Q, Shen C, Kong KY, Zhau HE, Chung LW, Petros JA, O'Regan RM, Yezhelyev MV, Simons JW, Wang MD, Nie S. Bioconjugated quantum dots for multiplexed and quantitative immunohistochemistry. Nat Protoc 2008; 2:1152-65. [PMID: 17546006 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2007.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Bioconjugated quantum dots (QDs) provide a new class of biological labels for evaluating biomolecular signatures (biomarkers) on intact cells and tissue specimens. In particular, the use of multicolor QD probes in immunohistochemistry is considered one of the most important and clinically relevant applications. At present, however, clinical applications of QD-based immunohistochemistry have achieved only limited success. A major bottleneck is the lack of robust protocols to define the key parameters and steps. Here, we describe our recent experience, preliminary results and detailed protocols for QD-antibody conjugation, tissue specimen preparation, multicolor QD staining, image processing and biomarker quantification. The results demonstrate that bioconjugated QDs can be used for multiplexed profiling of molecular biomarkers, and ultimately for correlation with disease progression and response to therapy. In general, QD bioconjugation is completed within 1 day, and multiplexed molecular profiling takes 1-3 days depending on the number of biomarkers and QD probes used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, 101 Woodruff Circle Suite 1001, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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